Taleem al-Quran 2010 – Juz 05 – L061D
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Channel: Taimiyyah Zubair
Series: Taimiyyah Zubair - Taleem al-Quran 2010 - Juz 05
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Episode Notes
An-Nisa 86-93 Word-Analysis and Tafsir 92
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ruder. Billahi min ash shaytani r rajim Bismillahi r Rahmani r Rahim.
Before we do number 92, we'll just do a quick recap of the ayah that we learned earlier from ayat number 88, to 91.
In this if we learned about the different types of Muslims,
there are some Muslims who live within the Islamic land within the Muslim land.
And there are others who don't live in the Muslim land amongst the Muslims.
What happened at the time of the Prophet sallallahu wasallam, that some of those Muslims who did not live with the rest of the Muslims in Medina, whenever Muslims would come in confrontation with them, sometimes they would kill them? Or they were confused as to whether or not they were allowed to kill them? Because if they're actively coming and fighting against you among them are seeking, then what do you do? Do not kill them? Do not fight them?
What are you supposed to do?
So basically, in these ayat, we have been told that there are three types of Muslims who live outside of the Muslim lands. The first group is of those people, which is mentioned in a number 89. Those people who do not do hijra, and they compromise on their faith, and they want the rest of the Muslims to do the same. What's the condition that has been placed in the ayah? That you don't trust them? You don't befriend them until and unless they do hijra.
You see the Muslims who were living in Makkah, it was mandatory for them to migrate. Why?
Because they were being persecuted in Makkah, they had no religious freedom. So some of them they went to Abba Sr. and others went to Medina. So it was mandatory for the Muslims of Makkah to migrate from there. So these people when they did not do hijra, what happened?
The machine they would force them to come and fight along with them against the rest of the Muslims who were in Medina, which is why we learned that at the Battle of weather, what happened, some of the Muslims were forced to come and fight against the Muslims of Medina, and they had to.
So what is the verdict about them that you don't trust them?
You don't befriend them? Until and unless they migrate from Mecca to Medina.
They're not trustworthy. They're not your friends. So if they come and fight against you activity, what are you going to do?
Right, because they're fighting against you.
Then the second group is of those people who are outside of Makkah. They're not living in Makkah. They're not living in Medina, were they living somewhere else? Okay.
And they are living amongst those people who are non Muslim, but you have a peace treaty with them. meaning you're not at war with them. The people of Mecca, the Muslims were at war with the people who are not in Makkah outside of Mecca, the other Arab tribes and Muslims were not necessarily at war with them. So if there is a person who is a Muslim, and who lives elsewhere, not in Morocco, not in Medina, so they're not going to fight against you. Why? Because you're not at war with their people.
So what does Allah subhanaw taala say, don't fight them.
Just because they're not living with you is not a reason for you to fight them.
You understand? Just because they're not living with you. Just because you haven't migrated to Medina doesn't mean that you have to fight them. Okay, this is the second group.
And the third group is those people who show Eman before you. And when they go to the disbelievers they show comfort to them.
You understand how they're different from the first group? The first group is of those people who are claiming to be Muslims, they are in Makkah, they must leave Makkah because it was not allowed for the Muslims to live in Mecca until the conquest of Makkah. All right. So the third group is of those people who are elsewhere who are not in Makkah, when they go to the machine, to the disbelievers. They show.
When they come to you, they show even so these people, how are you supposed to deal with them? If they come and fight you, you fight them? Simple.
So basically, in these ayat, we have been taught that just because there is a person who is living outside of the Muslim land, doesn't mean that you have the license to fight them, doesn't mean that they're not Muslim. Now they are Muslim, and you will deal with them accordingly. If they're fighting against you, you're going to fight them. If they're not fighting against you. Don't fight them. Don't warn them.
They'll also panel data says women can only move meaning
And it is not permissible for a believer and Jaco to the minute that he kills another believer in the hopper, except by mistake. What is the relationship of this ayah with the previous ayat?
In the previous if the Muslims were in confusion, do we kill these people who claim to be Muslim or not? So over there, they were told, don't just kill anybody, unless and until you know for sure what their status is you deal with the person according to his situation. And if you think that just because he's not living with you, you have the license to kill him. Who is he? A believer, and remember that you're not allowed to kill a believer. killing someone is not something that is small, it is not something insignificant, it is something very, very major. It is something very serious. Why? Because for murder, I mean, what compensation Can you give to the person whom you have killed?
What can you give him? Can you give him life? Can you say sorry?
No, you can't.
But another person whose wealth came to your wealth by mistake or something of the light, you can make up for the loss that you've caused the other person. But if someone has been killed, you can never ever make up for the loss. This is why killing is something extremely serious in our day.
The Prophet sallallahu Sallam said, Oh, why do you call Davina nascio, Mo PMT, edema?
Blood offenses, meaning murders are the first disputes to be judged between two people on the Day of Resurrection.
The first disputes are which ones
blood offenses murders.
The prophets are the loudest Adam ultracet. The believer will remain unburdened in righteousness as long as he does not shed prohibited blood.
When he sheds forbidden blood, then he will be converted, he will become very sinful.
The prophets Allah also said, the destruction of this earthly life.
Imagine if all of the life on the surface of the earth if it's completely destroyed.
It is less significant before Allah than killing a Muslim man or a woman.
What is Heidi's teaches the sanctity of life, the sanctity of life, which is why the prophets are about us. And we said it had little weather, which was the sermon that the Prophet sallallahu Sallam gave at the farewell pilgrimage, that it is unlawful for you to share the blood of one another. Or take unlawfully the wealth of one another. They're as unlawful as shedding blood on such a day as today. In such a month as this month, what month was it?
A heroin meant in which killing is forbidden. And which day was it? It was a special day was one of the days of Hajj.
So killing somebody is as serious as violating the sanctity of that special day of that special place. And in such a scientific city, meaning Makkah and the surrounding areas.
So basically, we learn about the sanctity of human life, the sanctity of human life. human blood is not that cheap. That just because you disagree with someone just because you had a fight with someone just because you don't like someone just because they belong to different race, they have a different color, they have a different background. Therefore you have the right to kill them. No, you don't.
And remember that there are two types of murder. From this ayah we learned that there are two types of murder. There are other types as well. But over here, the relevant ones are only two. The first type of murder is Attila Ahmed.
Ahmed, and what is Ahmed mean? intentional, deliberate. So it is when a person deliberately intends to kill someone with something that is lethal. It isn't a mistake.
It is a deliberate murder. The second type of puzzle is puzzle hopper. What does it mean?
It was a mistake. Meaning a person did not intend to kill someone at all. But by mistake, he happened to kill another person.
Now if a person intended to kill someone, if the author is Ahmed, then what's the punishment?
What's the punishment? capital punishment because that we learned earlier in sort of tobacco. And if the cartel is hot, meaning it is an unintentional murder, then what is the punishment for that? It is mentioned in this ayah
So every Allah Subhana, Allah says womac can only move meaning it is not for a believer. What does it mean by this Womack and it is not for First of all, it is not lawful. It is not Hillel. It is not permissible for a believer in jeopardy, meaning that he kills another believer. It is completely wrong on a believer that he kills another believer. completely wrong. It is a forbidden act completely prohibited.
Secondly, they said Walmart Canada, what it means by McKenna is along with that it is prohibited, it is not permissible. What it means is that it does not be fit a belief.
It does not suit a believer. It does not move a believer that he killed another believer
in a hopin, except by mistake.
What is an unintentional mistake,
something wrong that a person does without intention by mistake. It's an error. It's a fault
in a hopper. So what could be an example of Kadokawa that, for example, in a car accident, a person hits another person or person hits another car, and he doesn't realize or it was by mistake. And as a result of that, what happens the person in the other car, he dies, or he hits another person who was crossing the road, and that person dies. So this is what button hover. Similarly, just imagine two friends they're hunting together, two or more friends are hunting together. Now one of them, he shoots at an animal, or he has the gun in his hand, or something, and then that could be lethal. And by mistake, who gets hit by it,
his friend, his own brother, by mistake, it's not intentional. It's by mistake, and it happens. Sometimes it happens.
Similarly, with musar, listen, what happened, that he hit the other person. And he didn't realize that that blow would be fatal.
He didn't realize that blow will be fatal.
So no one except by mistake.
Woman Katana McMillan and whoever killed another believer caught on by mistake, meaning he meant to strike something else and by mistake, he ended up killing another person then obviously, there has to be some kind of consequence. Right? There has to be some kind of consequence. I mean, a person cannot say I'm sorry.
Sorry, is not enough over here. Because the crime is very serious. Even if it's a mistake, even if it was unintentional.
Therefore, over here last panel data tells us about the consequence and what is that consequence for the hero Coubertin meaning meaning then it is incumbent upon him it is mandatory upon him to do what
it means to free a slave that is a believer.
So, first of all, to free a believing slave,
the head is on the roof that was held Allah we did the word home earlier and held will be held
and held is a free person. So the hurried is to free deliver it to management.
So, he has to free recovering, recovered literally means neck, what is recovered neck, but then the word recovered is used for an entire person in particular slave. Why? Because the neck of the slave is died. He is a slave he does not have any freedom. Just imagine if your neck is tight. Do you have any freedom? No. You can't look around here there. You can't bend down easily. You can't go around easily. You're tired, you're constricted.
Similar is the case of the slave.
So for the hero rockabilly movement, the condition is that the slave must be a believer and meaner and meaner. And it could be a man or a woman. It could be a man or a woman, a slave and secondly, believer.
That's the first thing that the person has to do.
Okay, but this is to make up for the sin that he has committed by mistake. But what about the family of the person who has been killed? Do they not get something?
I mean, they have lost a person they need some compensation as well.
So what is our compensation?
Where the attorney and blood money
so first of all, the person
For your slave, why to make up for the wrongs that he has committed.
And secondly, he has to pay the blood money the compensation to who to the family of the diseased Why? Because he has also caused them loss
What does it show us
that some sins the consequences definitely upon us,
but other times the consequences also suffered by other people. So, part of doba is that you seek forgiveness from Allah subhanaw taala and you also seek forgiveness from people
you make up for the loss that you have done by giving sadaqa by doing stuff up, but you also make up the loss that you have caused the other person. So, what do you learn and also blood money there is from the root factor as well then yeah,
over here the wild that you see means and and the word daeodon is the actual word which is on the roof as well Dahlia and what are you ready? What do you mean is to flow in particular to flow water
and the is the blood money, the fine that is paid for flowing blood for shedding blood.
So, why the atom and blood money
and this blood money, it is muscle limited, it has to be paid to who led to his family to his family,
the family of the murder person, the deceased
Now, what is the blood money,
the blood money is 100 camels
and which is the blood money 100 camels and now, a camel could be around 5000 and more
minimum $5,000 minimum.
So, basically, it's the price of a car you can say
100 camels just imagine,
this is something very serious, the punishment is also very serious, the fine is very serious.
And it is that that these 100 camels 20 amongst them must be pregnant
20 camels must be female young ones, 20 male young ones, 20 mature ones and 20 other young ones who are less than five years of age.
So, just imagine that these gravels are not just random candles, but they have to be specific types of candles where they are to.
So this the is going to be musala.
Now what is the mean by Mr lemma
was analyzed from the reflector seen lammi and Mossad lemma is understood in two ways.
First of all, one that is submitted
from Islam definitely what does it mean to submit? So, it has to be submitted, meaning it has to be handed over to it has to be delivered to who
the family, the heirs of the disease, it has to be handed over to them completely
either at once or in installments.
But it has to be given completely
a person cannot keep some for himself by saying that oh he was also my friend it was only a mistake. No. He has to hand it over completely to them. Nor can he say I'll keep them for you know he has to give those candles to them.
Secondly, masala is understood as one that is sound.
One that is sound we learned earlier it's a little bacala masala Martin. Last year, we had the cow the Baccarat what was the condition that has to be Mr. Lamar has to be safe and sound. Last year the feathers should be no mark on it, no blemish in it.
So what does it mean by masala that these camels have to be flawless? They cannot be faulty.
They should be free from defects. They should be unblemished.
So a person will not go and pick up the most crippled camels half of which are injured half of which are sick or they're very older about today no
masala Muslim they should be safe and sound there should be not faulty.
So what the utter masala motto Allah led to his family.
Now who is going to pay this blood money? The killer himself
who is going to be this blood money, the killer himself, but it's not just him. It's also his ocular.
What is their ocular? ocular is the internal relations
other person.
So, the relatives of a person from his father's side
there there are. So, all of them together have to pay the blood money,
you understand
the slave the killer is going to free himself,
but the blood money he cannot be by himself, who is going to help him who is going to help him His alquila His relatives from his father's side, his paternal relations. So, you understand?
Because, okay, a slave a person can free himself. But imagine 100 camels,
it's a lot of money.
So, a person cannot pay all of this himself.
So, it falls upon who the entire family
and if the entire family also cannot pay, then where are they going to take help from
the public Treasury.
So basically, the McDonald's family, the family of the tune of the murder, they have to be compensated, they have to be compensated, the killer is going to compensate if he cannot, his architect is going to compensate. If they cannot, then the money is going to be taken from the public Treasury. But the family of them have to they cannot be told, oh, we're sorry, too bad for you know, they have to be compensated somehow or the other. So what they are done was a limit on in early
in my except, and your sub the coup that they remade as a charity?
Yes, at the forefront for the charity, meaning the heirs of the macoun the heirs of the murdered person? What do they do? They forgive the coffee, they forgive the murder.
They say it's okay. We know it was a mistake. You didn't mean it. He was your own best friend.
So and so the CO that they give it to him as a charity, meaning they don't demand the blood money from him.
Now, what if the mock tool the person who has been killed? He is not from your people? Meaning he doesn't live amongst you? What if he's from another people who are your enemy? Or if that person is not a Muslim? Then what are you going to do with the black man?
So for income, so if he was who was the motto was min Coleman I do with the column? If the motto is for people who are enemy to you?
Meaning he is from a people who are at war with you? Well, who am Menon and he is a believer,
then what's going to happen for the hero Robert in a minute, and
then only the freeing of a believing slave? That's it, and no blood money?
No blood money?
What is the compensation
only freeing a slave and no blood money in which case
in CanAm infomine are the welcome wahoo movement. This statement has been understood in two ways.
First of all, it has been said that what this means is that the tool is from the enemy.
The mock tool is from the enemy, the person who has been murdered belongs to the enemy. So let's say there is a person in Medina, and he happened to be the person from Makkah.
Now that person from Mkhize from who, from the enemy, okay. And this mock tool is not a Muslim.
This mock tool is not a Muslim. So what does it mean by wahoo? I mean, on and he is a believer who does is refer to the party that can
understand, so the cotton is a believer, and the mcdole is a non believer.
And this non believer belongs to who
people from whom you have enmity with but the cover was hot, it was outside of battle. At battle, obviously, you don't pay the blood money.
But outside of battle, if you happen to kill someone by mistake, then in that case, what's going to happen?
Only freeing a slave and no blood money. Why no blood money, because that blood money is going to be used against you. You are at war with them. This is different. This is not normal circumstances. All right. This is not normal circumstances, this is at war.
But look at the justice.
That even if you killed someone from among them by mistake, then still you have committed something wrong. Therefore you have to make up for the loss that you have caused yourself.
Now this setting has been understood in another way as well.
That for in canon common canon common refers to the Mk tool, and wahoo or Milan and he is also a believer, meaning the Mk tool is living amongst the enemy. And he is also a believer.
You understand, like in Makkah, there were some people who are Muslim. They didn't do hijra,
so they were Muslim, but they were living amongst the machine. So in this case, again, even though the mcdole is a Muslim, still, you're only going to free a slave and no blood money. Why? Because you're at war with these people.
You're at war with these people. And if you pay the blood money to them, then what's going to happen?
It's going to be used against you.
Another scenario, we're in Canada in common, and if he is from a people, which people bainer come between you were buying a home and between them, there is me Second, there is a treaty, which treaty,
a peace treaty that there is no war between you and them for the tune, Musa lemma tune in and he, then you have to give the blood money, which has to be handed over completely to his family. And what the hell do you do, Robert?
And also, you have to previously,
what is the scenario? This has also been understood in two ways.
That first of all, the mcdole, the murdered is not a Muslim,
is not a believer, but he is from a people between you and them is a treaty.
He belongs to a people between home and you there is a treaty. And what treaty is this? It's a peace treaty.
Or, like, for instance, remember that in the Muslim lands, the Arab could have also lived, the Jews and the Christians lived.
And they were known as the under them.
They were known as the limb, that there is some treaty between you and then you're going to practice your religion freely, they're going to practice their religion.
So in this case, if a Muslim killed another, meaning a Jew or a Christian by mistake, but these Jews and Christians are not at war with them, so what's going to happen? What are the consequences?
You have to pay the blood money. Why? Because you're not at war with them.
Even though the McDowell is not a Muslim,
you understand, even though the mcdole is not a Muslim, still, you have to pay the blood money because you're not at war with them.
Secondly, it has been said that we're in Canada and Coleman, this refers to the McCool who is a believer, but he is living amongst this believers with whom you have a peace treaty.
Okay, he is a believer, but he's living amongst his believers with whom you have a peace treaty, meaning you're not at war with them. So in this case, what are you going to do?
You're going to give the blood money, and you're also going to free a slave.
So basically, two scenarios have been mentioned, which talk about four cases, what are they? To summarize quickly.
The first case is that the murdered person is from the enemy, meaning he is not a Muslim. And the cartel is a movement,
then what's going to happen, only freeing the slave no blood money. The second is that the mcdole is living amongst the enemy. And he is a believer, even then,
only freeing the slave and no blood money. So basically, if you kill someone who is from your enemy, who is from a people whom you're at war with, then what's going to happen, only freeing the slave and no blood money.
then, thirdly, the mcdole is not a Muslim, but it's for people between you and them is a treaty such as at the end of the man is a Jew and a Christian is not a Muslim, then that there will be paid along with that in Raqqa.
And fourthly, the mcdole is a believer, and he's living amongst us believers with whom you have a peace treaty, meaning you're not at war with them, then in that case, again, the atom as well as the hero wakaba.
So, basically, we learn over here, that if a person kills another, then there are consequences and he has to do over and that over includes seeking forgiveness from Allah soprano data being a cafaro as well as giving the deer depending on the situation.
Now what if a person cannot find a slave to free?
Because we see that in all these four cases, what is mandatory freedom
Sleep dia depends on the situation, but in every case what is mandatory, freeing asleep? So, there is a problem What if a person kills another today by mistake? Where is he going to find this live from?
Where from?
So, over here Allah says femoral limited, then whoever does not find, he does not find what meaning whoever does not find the means to liberate a slave or he does not find a slave to liberate,
he cannot find a slave liberate. So, for example, today, where is the person going to find a slave from
then is it just forgiven? He doesn't have to do anything? No, he still has to do something
then what is it
firstly Mo, then fasting Shalini have two months, Sharon is a dual love shell and these months are lunar months.
So, he has to fast meaning it is incumbent upon him to fast for two months and these two month fasting have to be mutata being 18 consecutive uninterrupted
with a turbine is a duel off with a bear which is a new veterus that that I what the sub army to follow enter work is to follow one another consecutively without a break without a break.
So, what does this mean?
that the person has to fast for two consecutive months, do successive months without again,
he has to fast at a stretch, he cannot do Okay, fine. One month, I will keep 10 fasts another month, I will keep them fast another month, I will keep them fast. So within two years, I will make up the two months fasting. No, it has to be two months non stop. Just as we fast in the month of Ramadan without a break. Similarly, this person has to fast for two months non stop.
But obviously in the case where if a person falls ill or if a woman in the case of a woman if she begins her menstruation, then those days in which a person is exempt from fasting, they will be exempted. Okay, but he is going to make up for the two months equivalent just as a woman when she's menstruating in the month of Ramadan, she doesn't keep those fasts. But after the month is over, then she keeps us fast. But in this case, she's only going to take a break for those days. And she's going to continue until the two months fast or complete until they're over.
And if a person without any genuine reason he leaves even one one fast
that he has to start the cycle all over again.
You understand? He has to start the cycle all over again. If he leaves even one fast without a genuine reason.
What does it show?
There's something very serious. human life is something very serious. And unfortunately today, because people are not given such severe punishment, they think that killing someone is something very easy.
And this is accidental. This is hopper. This is not armored. This is not deliberate.
Because when a person has killed another, then that fear or that seriousness of human life, he doesn't have that anymore. He doesn't have that fear anymore. If he can kill one person by mistake once, then he can kill another time, and he can kill another time. This is why he has to go through this training of self control. That although you want to do something, still you're not going to do it. Even if it was a mistake, you can never repeat it again.
Fasting is what it teaches self control. It teaches self restraint.
So firstly, I'm Lucia Rainey motor carrier a.
All of this is what dobutamine Allah. This is Toba from Allah, meaning all of this Allah subhanaw taala has taught you as a part of repentance, as a part of repentance from a sin that is unintentional.
What can Allahu Allah is Ever our lemon hakima He is always annoying, and he's also most wise.
What do we learn from this ayah
that first of all, killing is something extremely serious in our city.
It is something extremely serious and
it is forbidden.
It is something that is how long
It's a major sin,
which is why we see that there is if punishment, remember the definition of matrix in that there has to be a punishment.
We also learned that if a person kills by accident, then what does he have to do?
two things. First of all, he has to free, a slave and the slave has to be a believer, whether male or female. And secondly, he has to be the blood money.
As for the same being a believer, we learned that among 100, he recorded the demand from the offset that he brought a slave. And he said to the prophets, Allah said, under all messenger of Allah, I have to free a believing slave.
So, if you see that this slave is a believer, I will free her.
If you tell me that this slave is a believer that I will free her.
The Prophet sallallahu Sallam asked her in that slave woman,
do you testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah?
She said, Yes. He asked her, do you testify that I am the messenger of Allah? She said, Yes.
He asked, Do you believe in resurrection after that? She said, Yes.
The prophets are about Islam. So for her, why? Because she's a believer.
So basic conditions of Eman even if they're fulfilled, believing in Allah, believing in the prophet SAW the light isn't believing in the last day, then that slave is definitely a believer. And what's the ruling that if he or she is to be free, then they can be free. And we also learn from this Hadees that the slave can be a woman as well.
We also live in this idea that the blood money has to be paid and that blood money is going to be 100. camels and who will pay the blood money?
There are killer along with the cotton, the family after murder, along with the murder, meaning everybody has shipping.
I personally wonder it's not their fault.
Correct? It's not their fault. So why do they have to suffer the consequences?
Why? Because he is one of them. He is one of them, and they are responsible for him.
So all of them, have to pay the blood money and all of them are going to control him as well.
Because many times what happens?
It was a mistake. It was another mistake. It was another mistake. Who is going to stop him who is going to stop him if he cannot stop himself. It says relatives who are responsible for stopping him because if they don't stop him, then they have to suffer along with him.
So we see over here, that a person yes he is required to stop himself from sin.
But it is also the responsibility of others to stop him from seeing.
It is also the responsibility of others, especially family members, especially family members.
The prophet SAW The Lord is known he was commanded to pray. He was also commanded to tell his family to pray, what more like a disciplinarity was severely command your family, order your family to pray for them. So it shows us that we cannot live as believers, this living individually
living individual lives No.
We are responsible for other people as well. We are responsible for our family members especially.
And who will the blood money be given to
the the family of the doctor.
And we also learned that the blood money can be forgiven.
It cannot be forced but it can be forgiven.