Principles Of Fiqh Part 2

Jamal Zarabozo

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Channel: Jamal Zarabozo

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Let me clear up a couple of points from from last time. The same By the way,

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my book

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last time, I hope you got some benefit from the from the hour and a half. It wasn't meant just to, to kill an hour and a half. But

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after what we went through yesterday, if you pick up any book

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and from the beginning, when they define, you'll be able to tell where the author's coming from, what kind of point of view

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he's coming from, and how he how it is how he defines this sort of stuff and what he will cover. I assume you all remember this from last

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from last time, this is the definition of what

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what

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is the definition of a soul.

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It also says the definition of a soul, Danny, you're your one leg out of the class.

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The definition of

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the science

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of the camp, by the way, I found what we mean by here.

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When we were when we

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were talking about whether something is way different MOBA or ROM, or Sahara was whether something is obligatory or

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or forbidden or sound or void. Anyway, as I was writing on the board, there was some discussion above this word.

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Should it be feminine, referring to gamma or masking them referring to em?

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Well, I found this in five books. This is this is the traditional Sharpie Assouline definition of so you can find it in many books.

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And all of them had it.

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And in the suitcase book, German Joanna the the one who wrote the commentary, Mandala he wrote clearly, as if you knew we know, someday, someone like me was going to try to teach this and someone like our brother would try to refute me

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vertical, Janice is referring to him. So that is the correct definition. There's a small point but I thought I would

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get it out of the way.

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So to review, we didn't say this explicitly.

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But there's some things as I said, I want to clear up from last time

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the census that is the definition of which we went over last time

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sip tells us if something

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is white

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recommended

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or permissible or what

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is five

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haram forbidden or disliked

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this also tells us

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something

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is bound

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by that

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void

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or and this is for the heavy and the class

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or irregular

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meaning that any other that has the only have sound and voice

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also the sciences that also includes the particular

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evidences.

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evidences for

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practical

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Okay, the particular evidences for practical matters.

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That is what

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these are the things that

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we learn and these things

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we're not going to be studying here, right?

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This has nothing to do with what we're well, I shouldn't say nothing.

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Everybody has this definition of this.

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So did you write this down?

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How much trying to avoid writing in Arabic? After

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Seoul, South Korea, this is what we talked about last time.

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I mean, this is like review of last time. So this should come out quickly.

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That's pretty quick once you say

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how to drive,

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how to drive legal rulings?

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Remember, my husband's definition

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of assault is?

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Also who's qualified to use those.

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What's up?

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the giving of this one?

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What

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did we say?

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Check to see if last time was really with them or not.

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That's how to drive.

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Number two who was qualified to

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live?

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Okay. What, what

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is very important also,

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according to our definition of

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what is and

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is not

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an acceptable

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form other than

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what is and is not an acceptable form of evidence.

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Right.

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And there's one more that we didn't really

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I didn't really mention yesterday.

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That is the relationship

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between

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the

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types of evidence

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evidences

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the correct evidence,

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thank you.

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To get out of the way so you can take a picture of the board.

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Okay.

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We use the term loosely.

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Now, for example,

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some types of evidence are stronger than other sets of so there's a conflict between two sets of evidence

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tells you which one takes precedence over the other

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three and four just tells you what is an acceptable form of evidence or what isn't? Number Four ranked them in order of strength.

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For example, the Hadees which is much awaited or has been narrated by many people on each chain is the type of person

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so as the head eat, which is

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both of them are evidence. But if there's a conflict between the two, which one is stronger?

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So as opposed to tells us which one is stronger, which one takes preference.

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Now these four except for the last one, they should have been clear from what we talked about last time.

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Okay.

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So this class is not about this stuff. Over here.

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is about the stuff over there

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that clear Any questions about that?

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Yesterday, there was after class

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Funny.

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Which one?

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This one?

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Again, this is just the Hanafi.

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Question. You look very confused brother.

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How come they're all from the same university as you

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left out the name of the university, you told me to leave our names because of the tape. But they're all from the same university.

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Okay, after after the class on Tuesday, there was a couple people made comments after the class that showed me that is one of the points that they have to clarify.

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This one number one, number one here is talking about

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the blood for the legal Maxim's.

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As I said last time, legal Maxim's actually is not a good definition for what we're talking about here. And apparently, from what I heard after class,

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I should clarify this. The difference between three things.

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One is the

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money right from the other side?

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No, because I'm going to read here.

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I want to call this now General, legal maximum.

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Legal max.

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Okay, let me erase them first, and then I will

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get to the

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other one is glide.

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glide

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up here.

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Okay, these are

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since you said in Turkish, you have the word step I'm going to use to

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go this step.

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Okay.

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And then we have a beloved up here. So they don't remember how to spell the word in Arabic.

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All right, it's in English. But what?

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I'm going to call this one little.

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Okay, let's talk about what's the difference between the three of them. And then we'll

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talk about

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those to be clear to you what we're going to discuss in this class.

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constraint.

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No, no, here it means.

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That's a very good translation for the other to the other appear.

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No, it doesn't seem like Good. Good. Okay.

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So this is a study of those four things. Number one is referring to an allied alien.

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Okay, this chord are independent

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and dependent in the pendant.

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Any

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questions?

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In a second that will give for an event that will give examples

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of that.

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I'm going to give examples of this and when I give examples, it'll be clear what I mean by sub Maxim's or a Cohen Sapir

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require the supreme court or a ruling that applies to many cases. independent of the of the topic of

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what we're really talking about many cases

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are based

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or that are based or the go back to

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The same

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on the same deductive analogy or

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for example, who can we make apple of course

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okay

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English

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not an English class This is me This is a class in English

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the big difference between the two

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yes

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okay for example let's take an easy one dining necessity necessity renders

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any provision things illegal makes them makes forbidden things legal that is one

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necessity renders prohibited things permissible

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in English and English

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necessity

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okay necessity renders prohibited things from

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now this is an example of

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this is a fighter

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now, I said this is what we mean by many cases that are based on the same analogy. In other words, whether you're talking about salon

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or you're talking about fasting or you're talking about hex or you're talking about any many different topics

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I mean, assuming you can apply this principle

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for example, with respect to prayer

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Yanni someone

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has his arm cut off for example, from here and he'll be excused from putting his hands here

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also in the case of hex, he has some particular conditions he will be excluded from certain things. So, this is a principle or Maxim that can be applied in almost any any topic.

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Okay, so therefore it is called a Mac more quads are disappeared. Okay. This is not the type of thing we're going to be sitting here.

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Okay, unless we get to the end of the class near the end of the class, if you look at the reading list,

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I devoted

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a separate lecture for that but I don't really believe we'll get there but

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it is actually not a topic.

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But it is an interesting topic. That's why

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that's why if we have time, we'll get to it later.

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Okay.

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Yes.

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Okay.

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With respect although someone has cut off from here, and he doesn't have to wash obviously.

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Okay, because of because of necessity.

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Okay.

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The first point

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and seven points to call out is that

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human beings have

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no, I just I said it's independent of any sub question. We're going to get to examples of it. Okay. Just be patient. Okay, another example another.

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Another example is hardship. Similar to this Yanni hardship to get the get facility.

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What is the

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hardship if something is difficult than the law and it makes it

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That's quite clear.

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Can you have something you don't have to get to the point of Mura? If something is hard on the people, then also you apply the principle that you try to make it easy

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to get

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that that's the same thing. Okay. So basically, what we're saying is we have many different cases, we're applying the same, what we're really doing is we're applying the same analogy.

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Okay. And the same way that if someone doesn't have an arm,

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so suppose he doesn't have two arms? That obviously, he doesn't have to

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wash them when he's making wood? Oh,

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no, no, he doesn't have them. Obviously, the same person doesn't have to throw

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the stones.

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Right. So we're talking about things that are applied in any area, or not actually in any but in many areas, as opposed to disappear, what they call little Maxim's of the law that are just in a particular particular section of,

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for example,

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if something has a little bit of magetta, or a little bit of impurity, and a very small amount of impurity, it doesn't make

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any the whole thing impure. Okay,

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we can apply that to many things, we can apply that to water, if you have a big thing of water, has a little bit of impurity doesn't make it impure. If you have food as a little bit of impurity, it doesn't make or I mean, if you have clothing, for example, and just a little bit of impurity.

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Now, why is that a bother to not provide it?

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Or is it one of the beloved?

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To think what is it here for what they said about that?

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Hey, just for what

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it is just related to pick up the hot or the topical Sahara. So if you have some principles that are just related to one topic, like purity bahara, for example, because that was

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not quiet.

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Now, if you have for example, what was the one you gave me a story, he's one of the brothers who, because of him, we're going through.

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I forget what you said.

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But for example, with respect to court cases, there's specific

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rules that you apply for that you can apply, which only applies to court cases, they don't apply to anything else. So therefore critical

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question.

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water

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that has a limit, meaning it is limited to a particular topic. And

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that's what they mean by

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the word this just refers to, and you can have a go of it that is just related to Sahara. And it is a maxim, but it's only applied with respect to not a flight with respect to buying and selling or marriage or these other things. While I should be in general, obviously, it doesn't have to be every topic, but it can be applied to many topics.

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No robot is related to a specific topic as an example,

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it could be related just to sort of

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it could be related just to buying for specific types of buying.

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Anyway,

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numbers two and three are as I said, we are not going to be studying them.

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Now let's go back to what we are going to be sitting

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as I said, they are legal Maxim's

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there are legal Maxim's that are independent of any question.

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For example, if we wanted, I think I gave this example.

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If we want it to go from the verse that says, a payment

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plan is a cat and we want to go from that verse to see what is the legal conclusion that we can get from

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Okay,

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so the first step

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as I said, we did this last time

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just taking that part of the verse

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Okay, this is this is actually a particular

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evidence for something

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okay? Which is in the

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in the definition I erased the list

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okay, how do we get from that

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to the conclusion to the prayer

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and the cat

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are

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obligatory

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some okay Furukawa, okay. First thing,

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every

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verse we see that the verse

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is in the imperative form,

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which in Arabic is what?

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English summer case is in the form of armor.

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Okay.

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Secondly, we apply the fighter solely, which is the independence of any question.

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That's the imperative

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implies

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obligation.

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This

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is

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one of the causes

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that an imperative implies obligation has nothing to do with any particular question.

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Okay, look like things just a little bit.

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majesta doesn't affect anything. It's not like things that if you have hardship, you make things easier. Does independence have any questions?

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You can almost say it has nothing to do with

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almost, but of course, we wouldn't say that.

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This is the kind of thing that you study. And

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you study the dealer and zero and what is

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for example, in this case, this is a verse of the Quran so when

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we

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we study what is or what isn't a form of

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evidence, what isn't acceptable.

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Now without Of course, this is getting rather advanced. We haven't gotten there yet. But would you say a verse in the Quran is the text of the

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get right?

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As it's late at night for you people are

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imperative flies.

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What you mean in general?

00:28:40--> 00:28:47

Okay, I will discuss it in more it is a big topic, but we'll discuss it in more detail later. Now in this in this example,

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is something that we should not have written down here somewhere. Okay.

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Okay, first thing to note, is this, this step right here?

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That part of

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me preceded this verse thing. So that was the cat is in the imperative. What do we get that from?

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Okay, this is from the Arabic language, actually, it's not part of us.

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And we know that from the Arabic language.

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Okay.

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The second

00:29:29--> 00:29:35

second step, as I said, this is the general principle of the legal Maxim

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Okay, that we use to derive this ruling.

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The ruling itself the conclusion is this part of

00:29:45--> 00:29:55

No, actually the ruling itself, I need the conclusion from a particular evidence to a conclusion. And this is actually the conclusion is

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no point and it is prayer.

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Again, as I said, Kenny, I said before, this tells us what is wedges, or whether something is working for hot or macro MOBA. So we're saying that something is legit. So we know that that is.

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Yeah. And in order to derive the conclusions, we have to apply these.

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Okay, now getting back to a question that was raised, and also what Hoffman said earlier.

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Maybe I should leave

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all of these affiliates

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and also

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they have to have some evidence for them.

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And they are not just something

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that we just make up. You have to have evidence for them either.

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From the Quran

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from the Sunnah.

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From the Arabic language

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number four from

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how should I say this?

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No.

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This is the

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luck here. So I don't have to write what these are.

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For

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general, legal maximum, Max

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does not generalize the squares

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for those who

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have.

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What,

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irrefutable,

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irrefutable luck

00:32:06--> 00:32:06

or

00:32:07--> 00:32:11

error airfuel app is not apple in the senses, you know, it is

00:32:12--> 00:32:13

irrefutable.

00:32:16--> 00:32:20

For, for example, and obviously, the more proof that something has,

00:32:21--> 00:32:28

the stronger it will be considered. Some coders really have an approach and all of this.

00:32:30--> 00:32:31

To give an example,

00:32:36--> 00:32:38

when we talk about this,

00:32:39--> 00:32:40

you can't hear

00:32:43--> 00:32:44

I'm sorry.

00:32:46--> 00:32:47

Okay.

00:32:49--> 00:32:52

I'll give you I'll give you three and you give me the proof cover that

00:32:54--> 00:33:01

there is no, when you talk about when we study at the end of the course, about tech leaf or who's responsible.

00:33:03--> 00:33:04

There's a fighter that says

00:33:06--> 00:33:08

there is no

00:33:09--> 00:33:10

responsibility

00:33:15--> 00:33:15

beyond

00:33:18--> 00:33:18

what

00:33:20--> 00:33:21

one can bear.

00:33:23--> 00:33:24

How do you spell bear in this case?

00:33:31--> 00:33:32

That's an animal.

00:33:34--> 00:33:34

Okay.

00:33:36--> 00:33:37

Okay, so we

00:33:38--> 00:33:39

want to prove for this time

00:33:40--> 00:33:41

what I mean?

00:33:43--> 00:33:56

Okay, and the three or four verses in the Quran giving the same meaning? Likely Hola, hedonist. Any logos? Okay. Very clear. This spider is derived from that evidence.

00:33:58--> 00:33:58

Okay.

00:33:59--> 00:34:00

I'll give you another

00:34:04--> 00:34:05

imperative.

00:34:09--> 00:34:10

implied

00:34:12--> 00:34:13

obligation.

00:34:16--> 00:34:17

What's the proof of that?

00:34:20--> 00:34:22

Okay, that's proof from every language.

00:34:24--> 00:34:25

But the proof from soon

00:34:34--> 00:34:35

so this one otherwise has lost the proof.

00:34:39--> 00:34:46

Okay, yeah. There's a heavy deposit that says when I already used to do something, then do something to the

00:34:48--> 00:34:49

to the best of your ability.

00:34:51--> 00:34:52

What does the province

00:34:54--> 00:34:56

say about Miss fleck for example,

00:35:01--> 00:35:10

When he when he said when he says this janilla devore not to be a hardship on my own, I would order them to use the miswak before we split off

00:35:11--> 00:35:15

his statement is telling us that if he orders us to do something it's his obligation

00:35:17--> 00:35:19

Okay, how about

00:35:22--> 00:35:23

an order

00:35:25--> 00:35:26

must be

00:35:29--> 00:35:30

performed

00:35:32--> 00:35:33

properly

00:35:39--> 00:35:41

improperly What does that mean?

00:35:48--> 00:35:51

nor it must be performed promptly what's the proof of that

00:35:53--> 00:35:54

logic

00:35:55--> 00:35:56

irrefutable logic

00:35:57--> 00:36:00

I don't think Arabic language was

00:36:03--> 00:36:13

exactly do something and if you tell for example your servant to bring you a glass of water and after two weeks he comes with a glass of water and he obviously had a he did not

00:36:17--> 00:36:24

respond to command prompt in the Arabic language and in order is supposed to be performed prompt

00:36:28--> 00:36:30

Okay, how about this one

00:36:35--> 00:36:36

to

00:36:43--> 00:36:44

have

00:36:46--> 00:36:47

opposite

00:36:49--> 00:36:50

conclusions about something

00:36:55--> 00:36:58

obviously conclusions about something one of them must be wrong

00:37:10--> 00:37:11

irrefutable laws

00:37:13--> 00:37:15

same was the principle that says that

00:37:16--> 00:37:20

slavery cannot be ordered to do something and not to do it at the same time.

00:37:29--> 00:37:29

Okay.

00:37:34--> 00:37:34

Finally,

00:37:42--> 00:37:45

if if the explanations are competitive, they're talking about a verse in the Quran

00:37:47--> 00:37:51

if the Quran is open to more than one meaning or the explanations are compatible,

00:37:53--> 00:37:57

and he then you might, but here that's why I said they come to opposite conclusion.

00:37:58--> 00:38:01

They're explaining a verse in the Quran they come to opposite conclusion. I don't think

00:38:08--> 00:38:16

they use different approaches and one says that philosophy and the other one says this is wrong. Can you know that that one of them has to be wrong?

00:38:19--> 00:38:21

At least one of them is wrong.

00:38:30--> 00:38:30

Okay.

00:38:36--> 00:38:43

Anything about your process this this to me says that as the opposite conclusion about something one of them must be wrong.

00:38:46--> 00:38:49

This shows you Okay, this shows you how dangerous it is to use

00:38:51--> 00:38:52

something as clear as this

00:38:54--> 00:38:55

should be one.

00:38:56--> 00:38:58

If the premises are different.

00:38:59--> 00:39:00

No.

00:39:03--> 00:39:05

They might you may

00:39:06--> 00:39:07

you may

00:39:11--> 00:39:12

know

00:39:14--> 00:39:22

the truth is one. If they come to the opposite conclusion, one says the thing is haram, the other one says this was one of them has to be wrong.

00:39:27--> 00:39:28

They say My boss is

00:39:29--> 00:39:34

not talking about the same topic, regardless of how they get to their conclusions. Doesn't matter.

00:39:35--> 00:39:42

Just Okay, just forget this for a second. If they're talking about the one topic, who cares how they get to their results.

00:39:43--> 00:39:46

If they come up with different results, one of them has

00:39:47--> 00:39:48

nothing to do with

00:39:50--> 00:39:58

because the logic says if you go from the same, okay, and that's why I said not logic I said irrefutable logic which is different from much

00:40:00--> 00:40:04

Logic there's many points in logic one stop scanning which are questionable.

00:40:05--> 00:40:15

But related to the chromosome that we relate logic to the chromosome that there's some points which are irrefutable. For example, the truth is one, you cannot say about the same thing

00:40:16--> 00:40:18

someone says is haram, the other one says,

00:40:24--> 00:40:24

No.

00:40:28--> 00:40:31

No, it doesn't have to be. No, doesn't have to be this.

00:41:00--> 00:41:02

Okay, one of them isn't. One of them is wrong.

00:41:07--> 00:41:22

That doesn't, that doesn't matter. We're not talking about Danny is the most type Danny, wrong in his approach or as the atom, we're not talking about it, we're saying that one of them must be wrong. Because pictures cannot be both halal haram at the same time. There cannot be

00:41:25--> 00:41:35

any journey before this century, according to our calendar refutable logic, it cannot be unless there's some new logic nowadays that ilias knows that the rest of us don't know. And it's gonna

00:41:39--> 00:41:40

be really

00:41:42--> 00:41:43

hard to work.

00:41:45--> 00:41:45

When

00:41:46--> 00:41:52

I'm talking about if you're talking about one topic, and you come to opposite conclusions, and one of them must be wrong.

00:41:56--> 00:42:05

So obviously, this point of wanting that, obviously, the first resources, or the first three schools are much stronger than the fourth proof.

00:42:09--> 00:42:10

Okay.

00:42:11--> 00:42:16

However, this may ask, let's confuse everything, everything a little bit more.

00:42:17--> 00:42:24

There's a, there's, well, let's, let's stop there. I think we've done enough damage for for today.

00:42:25--> 00:42:31

When asked this question, but I don't know why I'm gonna ask this question. Is this clear? everything clear? Now.

00:42:32--> 00:42:42

So much of what we're going to be studying, we're going to be setting the agenda and the code and the core it has to have some evidence for it. And these are the sources of evidence.

00:42:48--> 00:42:49

Why is the difference one?

00:42:52--> 00:42:54

Oh, my boss, he explained that to him and

00:42:55--> 00:43:05

he said, You and I, we lived at a time when we know what the revelation is talking about. There's gonna be people coming later, we're going to interpret according to the divine, they don't know what has been

00:43:07--> 00:43:15

revealed about and when they read, only interpreted to according to their right, or their opinion, they're going to differ and they're going to fight

00:43:19--> 00:43:20

with respect to

00:43:21--> 00:43:25

sound it still doesn't affect the scanning one of them is wrong. So how about

00:43:50--> 00:43:51

something What

00:43:53--> 00:43:56

are you trying to say that we should never use Quran as a delivery?

00:44:01--> 00:44:03

Okay, this course

00:44:04--> 00:44:16

this course is going to tell us how to understand the Quran according to the Arabic language, okay. And it is inshallah going to make things clear. And the Quran is not a book, just anyone can come and read it.

00:44:17--> 00:44:22

But it's revealed in Arabic language, and it has yonny principles. And when we talk about

00:44:25--> 00:44:30

it, we'll go back to the sounds of Sahaba and see why they had some difference of opinion. But it still doesn't

00:44:32--> 00:44:34

affect anything we've discussed before.

00:44:39--> 00:44:39

It is

00:44:40--> 00:44:42

still going both of them.

00:44:44--> 00:44:44

Okay.

00:44:49--> 00:44:50

Okay, so

00:44:52--> 00:44:56

how do you do it? Was they just been excuses for more