History of Moriscos
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Channel: Adnan Rashid
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The history of Islam in Spain is discussed, including the rise and decline of Islam in the seventh century and the decline of Islam in the first century. The Morrosian Empire is highlighted, including its current age and the use of wet language, animal and human bodies in church, and animals and human bodies in church. The transcript describes the Morrosian Empire's rise and current age, as well as the importance of learning from similar experiences and military coupes.AI Generated Transcript ©
Bismillah R Rahman r Rahim Al hamdu lillah wa salatu salam ala Rasulillah my bad I will do ally Samia Li Min ash shaytani R rajim Bismillahi Rahmani Raheem Omar Salonika Illa, Allah Allah Amin or kala Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa salam, la you are Humla your hum Mala hum la your hum. Respected brothers and sisters. Today, I will be addressing a very important topic. History is absolutely crucial for Muslims in particular because nearly 30 to 40% of our Scripture consists of history. Allah Quran,
the book of Allah, revealed upon the Prophet salallahu Alaihe Salam consists of histories of Prophets.
About 30 to 40% of the Quran tells us the stories of the past the stories of the prophets, and the purpose is to teach us lessons.
When the Quran mentions previous nations, like
the Babylonians, the Egyptians,
and Mesopotamians
or Romans, For example, why is Allah mentioning these people or these nations is to teach us lessons so that we learn from their examples. And Allah also states in the Quran, how do we live and shut down regimes Later Han Rahim? See rueful Earth fund guru cave akana aka battle Mocha, mocha Debian, go in the land and see what happened to people who came before you, those who denied Allah.
And then Allah talks about people who build monuments people who did these great things. And if we don't take lessons from them, then we have failed.
As someone put it, those who fail
to learn what happened before
they were born.
They remain children perpetually
did not don't grow up.
So, history is very important. That's why tonight's topic is on history.
History of Al Andalus in particular,
and this history, we have to study very carefully, you have to teach your children what happened in Honduras, the taking of alanda loose, then the rise of Al Andalus and the fall of Al Andalus. These are very important topics. And each one of them is a separate lecture in itself. How the Muslims took the land of Allah knows what caused them to reach a London loose what happened? The early Islamic conquests,
then, after a London loose was taken,
what did the Muslims do?
Did they achieve anything? Or did they just devastate the land and leave it or did they remain behind and did something good by the land
along the loose basically, basically is currently Spain and Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula it is also called the Iberian Peninsula.
And in the past,
this territory when the Muslims took it, it came to be known as Underoos. Why it was called alanda. Loose there are many theories about it. Because previously, vandals are people are Germanic people had inhabited this land. Some people have this opinion that this land was called vandal loose.
Okay, or the term vandalism. It rings a bell right.
This is because these tribes had devastated the city of Rome once upon a time
and they vandalized vandalized the city of Rome. They sacked the city, and they literally destroyed everything that came across. So the term vandalism comes from this word. So vandals were the people living in Spain or the Iberian Peninsula before the Muslims came. Then came the Visigoths and Visigoths are the people who are defeated by the early Muslims This is another story.
So this was the early history of Al Andalus.
Which we can cover another time in sha Allah Tala thought admins yard in seven elevens. He in the year 92 Hijiri landed at Gibraltar, also known as Jebel jablow, Tarik.
And then, within four years, most of the peninsula was taken
by a coalition of barbers from North Africa, in particular Morocco, and Arabs. Seven
1000 Berbers 5000 Arabs led by Tarik winds out the took the entire peninsula within four years and then followed chaos for some years
leading up to the leadership of Abdullah Amanda first and normally it prints one of the grand sons of a shaman Abdel Malik, one of the most powerful of my youth Caleb's ruled from 105 225 Hijiri 20. Is he ruled from Damascus, or Drumond, the first also known as a drama da Hill, and also known as sacral Quraysh. In other words, the hawk, the Falcon of Quraysh. He escaped
Damascus, because the Ambassade revolution was wiping out the humans, the Armenians were being exterminated.
And Armando first of Dr. Maura dark Hill was a young man in his early 20s. Escaping from this onslaught, he made his way to Al Andalus. Long story short, and they chose him as the Emir to stabilize the country because the country was going through chaos because there was chaos at the center. In Damascus and beyond. There was chaos in one of the provinces called along those of the commander first arrived in London loose, and he stabilizes the country and he establishes an emirate, and he rules from Cordoba, the city of Cordoba, and he establishes a masjid, which stands to this day.
And now it is a cathedral.
Why? Because when the Christian Christians took it, later on, they built a cathedral right in the middle of the Masjid. The Masjid pretty much stands intact. You can go and look at the masjid. The pillars are there. The arches are there, the man Rob is there. So you can see the structure of the machine still standing to this day built in the eighth century by a man the first and then followed a period of relative
stability on my head. Amir's
ruled Spain from Cordoba for about 300 years, and in 1031, Diomedes caliphate fell and then followed a period of Maruka theravive Maluka wife literally means petty kingdoms. So when the center fell, then when the institution of Halawa was abolished in Spain. Now, how did this emirate become Khilafah? is a very interesting question. I can address this question in more detail later on. At another point, I want to quickly move on to Moriscos the topic of the night.
First, it was an emirate or an Amara, established by the Romanians then in the 10th century, one of the descendants of Abdurrahman the first called Abdurrahman, the third
claimed to be the Khalifa.
The Khelifa of the Muslims in a London rose. Because the caliphate in Baghdad had declined. And there was another rival caliphate in North Africa
called the Fatimid caliphate, the Shia Ismaili Fatimid caliphate which was threatening the state of London rose. So to rival to counter that claim of Caliphate as the Abbasids had declined by this time in the mid 10 century are among the third he claims to be a Calif, I am the Kailash now of the Muslims. And he established a very powerful state he invades North Africa to fight the Smiley's the caliphate of the Smiley's and it becomes very strong so a lot of Muslims start to support him because of this claim.
And then this caliphate lasted for another century in 1031, it was abolished when ignore hasm a great scholar, scholar of Islam was alive, very famous scholar.
So after this Caliphate was abolished, the Muslim state of Al Andalus, or the Muslim entity or Principality of Ronda was split into petty kingdoms, many petty kingdoms. And this period is called Maluka, five kings of petty kingdoms, right? Group principalities. So a small state, for example, would appoint an emir, and that Emile would claim to be the king and the king sometimes claimed to be careless.
So, one of the travelers, he said that I have never seen so many a mural more meanings in my life. There were so many in Spain, right? So this division among the Muslims political division, because all of them were fighting for their little petty states to
basically protect their petty interests.
They were divided.
And the Christian north, the Catholic north by this time had gained impetus to take the land back from the Muslims. So they launched a campaign called Reconquista.
In other words the RE conquest. So they started to take land back from the Muslims. And this process started in the mid 11th century 1066 One of the major stronghold of the Muslims in the north called Abasto was taken, then 1085 The city of Toledo, also known as fallait, Allah was taken and then for a while,
the Mora Batoon or the Al Morabito from North Africa, they intervened and they stopped, they checked the advance of the Catholics.
Use of IGNOU Tashfeen, a famous Morabito leader, he led the armies of North African Muslims from Morocco into Spain to help the Muslims of Spain because
there was one of the rulers of the city of Seville, his name was Al McDermott. He had invited all Morabito to come and stop this Christian advanced coming from the north. Someone said, Are you going to become a shepherd of the camels? You're getting these camels to come in from North Africa. He said, I would rather be a shepherd for the camels, then be a farmer for pigs.
So he chose camels over pigs, right? And camels did come on Morabito and came they took the land and they were completely blown away when they saw the the lifestyle of the Muslims in Spain. You know, this was designer lifestyle. It is I mean, if I was to draw contemporary parallel, you know, Gucci, Gucci bags,
Gucci shoes, if you don't have good taste, right, you know, all these flashy Louie Vuitton rings a bell right, go to Edgware Road. Nowadays, you will see a lot of people wearing this kind of stuff, right? Similar things were happening in Spain, okay.
Muslims or Spain had reached the peak of civilization in worldly sense in material sense. in material terms, they had reached the peak of human development, achievement, civilization.
And there was nothing better than that in the world.
If you were to say, a worldly city today, let's say somewhere people want to go and see the pomp of this world, where would you go? What cities come to mind?
New York, Las Vegas, they say? Some people say I don't know. I've never been there. Yeah. Oh, the biller. Okay, and there are other names people mentioned the why is one of them. Yes. Right. So Cordoba, or Muslim cities was paying were like that, you know, they will not hubs off. How can I put it debauchery there was no debauchery there was no public promiscuity taking place. But they were very, very comfortable in the law. So these desert Bedouins from North Africa when they came in to help the Muslims they saw the palaces, the fountains and all the the luxury the muscles, there's a No wonder you're losing land. No wonder you're losing land. Because look at you, how you live, how
are you going to fight these wild people coming from the law, they are battle hardened, they are tougher than you are.
You are all in your music and dancing and poetry and books and you know, all of that which is good. Man books, at least a good, not the rest, right? Yeah. So but this is why you're losing land. But what happens with these people they also become victims to generations down the line have the same problem
of Morabito and also become, you know, accustomed to that culture. Then come almost hidden from North Africa again, another dynasty. They also take land in the London loose they remove the old Morabito and from power and they take power, almost hidden. It is then when the greatest disaster takes place.
In 1212, the year 1212 A battle takes place between
Al Maha dune and
the Spanish kingdoms are a coalition of Northern Christians Spanish kingdoms they fight a battle called the Battle of Los nevados De Tolosa. Okay, last Navas De Tolosa 1212 This battle took place, and Alma hidden lost the battle. The king of Seville, also known as HB Lea loses the battle against a coalition of Christian kings coming from the north.
And that loss resulted in the loss of three major cities or principalities of Muslims in London, close, Valencia,
Seville, and Cordoba.
All of these three cities fall to Christians one after another in 1230s, between 1230 to 1250s. Okay 1230 to 1250. Within these 20 years, Christian kingdoms from the north that take these three major principalities of the Muslims,
initially the Muslims who came to live under Christians or under Christian kingdoms, they were called mortgagors managers, okay.
And this term was taken from the Arabic word
the the Arabic term, Al Muda, muda basically meant people allowed to remain. So the population of Muslims in Spain in the 11th century was 5 million people, 5 million people. So imagine now these Christians have come from the north, and they have taken cities after cities from the Muslims due to the weaknesses, the political divide, and petty gains and the petty, you know, concerns and ambitions. They are divided, they're broken, the Christians take advantage and they come and take all this land for the Muslims. And this is what they were waiting for. For centuries, the Catholics from the north, the Pope's
ruling from Rome, were always pushing the Christian kings from the north to take as much land as possible. Their goal was always to exterminate Islam from
Spain
to destroy Islam completely, or, or expel Islam or any traces of Islam, from Spain. This is what the papacy had been doing. And it were the Pope's who launched the crusade, as a campaign and many crusades took place from Northern Europe to the Middle East, right. And many Crusades are launched against the Muslims of Spain as well.
So I'll muda Gers or al mood Manager, which was the term used for Muslims living under Christian kings. Initially, they were allowed to live with the faith. The Christian kings who came to rule Muslim territories initially, are very much inspired by the Muslim civilization. Muslim civilization was one of the greatest achievements of humanity at that time. There were great achievements in Spain. When it comes to Christians, Muslims and Jews, all three faiths prospered in Spain, they lived side by side, they shared knowledge with each other great libraries are produced great scholars are produced great scientists, philosophers, intellectuals, thinkers, imams theologian, the
theme of acquiring
mobile Levine, and the list goes on all sorts of
subjects and
fields of knowledge were taught in a London last in Spain during the Muslim period, and Jews and Christians benefited immensely from this knowledge in Spain. So this was the golden age of not only Islam, but the golden age of the Jews. Also, the Jews prospered under the domain of Islam for almost seven to 800 years. So long as the Muslims are ruling the Jews prospered. Every time the Christians took the land from the north, the Jews started to feel threatened. In fact, they were expelled for many places repeatedly. So the Jews found refuge with Muslims, Muslims are protecting the Jewish people in Spain for hundreds of years. And these are the most civilized Jews in the world. They were
the most sophisticated Jews in the world, and they found protection with Muslims. In fact, by having bakudo, one of the Jewish rabbis writes in 1180s.
Writing from Cordoba, when
the city of Cordoba is still in Muslim hands, he writes that our living conditions, if not
the same as Muslim living conditions, but even better in some cases, even better, our living conditions are in some cases even better, right. Some of the greatest Jewish scholars are born in London last in Spain during the Muslim period.
So, when the Christians came in, there saw that the Muslims have established something amazing their libraries, the palaces, their civilization, their scholarship, the books, okay, the universities, the institutions, they kept them as they as they were, in fact, they started to translate these books, these works into Latin, and they started to shift this knowledge to the north.
Then slowly this attitudes to
To change when more and more land was taken 1250s onwards, there was only one stronghold left in Spain called Renata,
also known as Grenada, or Grenada. Okay.
The island of Grenada in the Caribbean territory is named after ornata or Granada in Spain.
So Granata lasted for nearly 250 years as the last stronghold of Islam in a londolozi in Spain.
And they kept a good relationship with Northern Christian territories. But Islam was very strong in Grenada. Islam was the way of life. The law of Islam was still applied, scholars continued to flourish in Grenada, they reached
the peak of civilization in fact, you know, granade
Muslims,
many books from the northern regions Muslims had authored written transcribed, they ended up in Granada because Renata was the last stronghold. Many Muslims are actually immigrating to Canada from the north because this was Muslim territory. It was easy for two for them to live with Muslims. So it was a very strong place and he was naturally protected. If you go to the city of Granada today, you will see it is surrounded by mountains. It is right next to famous mountain range in Spain called Sierra Nevada. Sierra Nevada is very close to Renata and Renata as a city is naturally protected by the mountains, natural fortresses. That's why the Christian kingdoms from the North
could not take it for so long. But then, in the 15th century, cut the long story short, fast forward. 1492 is the year actually 1482
Because this crusade against the state of Karnataka continued for 10 years for 10 years, two Christian States launched a crusade against the last stronghold of Islam in Spain. And these two states were Aragon
and Castile. Aragon was ruled by a king called Ferdinand or Fernando and Castile was ruled by a queen called Isabella or Isabel right. Both of them joined hands through marriage, and they decided that they will wipe out the Muslim traces from a London rose, they will wipe out wipe out the last stronghold of Islam. Isabella was a die hard Crusader. She was a very staunch Catholic, and she wanted to remove any trace of Islam from a londolozi and she saw this as a mission of her life. Before she died, she wanted to achieve this.
Long story short, a crusade is launched and launched in 1480 to 10 years. The Muslims from Granada are resisting this onslaught, a massive coalition is attacking them, and they are resisting for 10 long years. There are battles taking place from Castle to Castle. They are taking fortresses, castles, cities, one after another, and they're not stopping. And Muslims are doing their best to do something about it. And one of the reasons why this is taking place is the fall of Constantinople. In 1453 Sultan Mohammed Al Fatah has taken the city of Constantinople from the Christians
and Christian Europe or Christendom was shaken to the core. What are we going to do now? The Turks are at our doorstep. And then shivers went down the spines of these Catholic Monarchs in Spain.
And Pope the Pope was also shivering.
So they were in fear that if the Ottomans woke up one day and realized Hold on a second, we have a Muslim ally in the Iberian Peninsula and we can easily land armies because they control a lot of this coastal area. Hundreds of miles of Spanish coastal area was in the state of Karnataka, the city of Malaga, you know, Malaga was Renata. Okay.
So
they had the spheres so they wanted to wipe out this last stronghold, 10 years. They started.
For 10 years, they went on
taking land from the Muslims.
Then,
in 1490,
they started to negotiate with the last ruler of ruler of Grenada to surrender the city because they couldn't take it. They had besieged the city of ornata for one year. And this was the law
are just army ever assembled against Muslims in Spain
for Reconquista for the reconquest of the land from the Muslims.
And this story is very disturbing online. If you go to Spain, which I did,
just less than a week ago, I was in Spain.
And it was a very emotional experience while like looking at those palaces, those Islamic sites, all the verses of the Quran on the walls.
And then you see shift taking place right in front of them, it is very difficult to see.
There are verses on the merabh condemning ship. And then there is a cathedral right in front of that Merab with idols all over the place, a place free of idols, a place dedicated to worshiping Allah alone, for centuries, for at least 500 years from the time of drama and the first resurrected the masjid to the time when it was taken in the mid 13th century.
Okay,
and now there are idols being worshipped literally idols you will walk into you will see idols of humans, Jesus, Mary and other Christian saints, and the list goes on. Right idols of people in that Masjid. So it's a very emotional experience and you must visit you must. Some people say if there was a fourth holiest site of Islam, it would have been cassava.
And it's not an overstatement. It's not an overstatement. You go and look at the masjid of cassava. In a London loose, you will see why you will see why. It was the largest Masjid in the world. For some centuries, it were larger than much of the Haram much of the Navi and much of the Aqsa. It was the largest machine in the world. The compound still stands for for the last 1300 years, it has stood strong. The pillars are there, the arches are there.
The names of the people who carved the pillars are there.
You will see the names of the people who carved those pinnate pillars in the eighth century, Omar, Massoud Mobarak these are the names I read myself.
And some of the pillars have written.
The word Lila is inscribed on the pillar why the person wanted to carve the pillar for the sake of Allah didn't want his name to be mentioned.
And it still stands.
So
1490 Ferdinand and Isabella, they
speak or negotiate with the last ruler of Granada, called Abu Abdullah, also known as Bob dill. In Western sources or Spanish sources, called bog dill is a corruption of the word Abu Abu Abdullah. He was the last ruler of matter who he was, what he was, how he came to power and other story, we can discuss it another time when we get to the Moriscos who are the Moriscos
so Abdullah, long story short, doesn't stand his ground,
despite
the advice
by his generals and his people to fight to death, because these Catholics, they are known for the cruelty of those particular Catholics. In case Catholics start launching campaigns against me after listening to this lecture, okay, but those Catholics are definitely very evil and brutal. Those guys in Spain and you will see why
the institution of Inquisition was Catholic. It was a Catholic institution, supported directly by the papacy, those Pope's those Inquisition, bishops and clergy and those monarchs, those kings and queens were absolutely evil
for what they did,
to human beings.
So
Abdullah, last hope, he knew there is no chance that they can resist any longer, long story short, he capitulate.
He agrees to terms, and he hands over the keys to Ferdinand and Isabella.
And now there are hundreds of 1000s of Muslims living in the Granada in the city of Granada. They're not aware of what's happening. They don't know. One day they wake up to Christian armies marching through the streets of Granada and Christians are ringing bells from the tallest buildings in Karnataka. They have firing guns to announce they're coming and they're singing songs of joy while the Muslims are watching in silence in fear. They don't know what's going to happen now to them. They are practicing Muslims. These people read the Quran
and
some of them are scholars, some of the women there are scholars, female scholars of Islam, and they are all covered, they do what we call perda or they are in hijab
jilbab, they are fully covered. These women are not like the women of Castile and Aragon, these women are fully Islamic. Okay, so they are in a state of fear that these people now have walked in. So initially, one of the reasons why Abu Abdullah capitulated was that he believed the promise of
these monarchs.
The terms they agreed upon, were, for example, these are the terms that were agreed before he capitulated before he surrendered the city of Granada to Aragon and Castile, a coalition of these two kingdoms, or, or a coalition of a husband and a wife, both of whom happened to be the rulers of these two kingdoms Ferdinand and Isabella, he put these terms forward and they were readily accepted.
So before the surrender, these are the terms that were
put forward.
That both great and small should be perfectly secure in their persons, families and properties, that they should be allowed to continue in their dwellings and residences, whether in the city or the suburbs, or any other part of the country, that their laws should be preserved as they were before, and that no one should judge them except by though the those same laws that their mosques and the religious endowments,
up appertaining to them,
should remain as they were in the times of Islam, that no Christian should enter the house of a Muslim or insult him in any way that no Christian or Jew holding public offices by the appointment of the late futon should be allowed to exercise these functions or rule over them, that all Muslim captives taken during the siege or Granata. From whatever part of the country they might have come, but especially the nobles and chiefs mentioned in the agreement should be liberated, that such Muslim captives as might have accepted sorry, as might have escaped from the Christian masters and taken refuge in Granada should not be surrendered. But that the Sultan should be bound to pay the
price of such captors to the owners.
That all those who might choose to cross over to Africa should be allowed to take their departure within a certain time and be conveyed there in the Kings ships, and without any
tax being imposed on them beyond the mere charge for passage, that after the expiration of that time, no Muslim should be hindered from departing, provided he paid in addition to the price of his passage, the type of whatever property he might carry along with him, that no one should be persecuted, or prosecuted and punished for the crime of another man, that the Christians who had embraced Islam should not be compelled to relinquish it and adopt a form of creed.
That any Muslim wishing to become a Christian should be allowed some days to consider the step he was about to take, after which he is to be questioned by both a Muslim and a Christian judge concerning his intended change. And if, after this examination, he still refuse to return to Islam, he shouldn't be permitted to follow his own inclination that no Muslim should be prosecuted for the death of a Christian slain during the siege, and that no restitution of property property taken during this war should be enforced, that no Muslim should be subjected to her to have Christian soldiers belittled upon him, sorry, billeted upon him, or be transported to provinces of this
kingdom against his will, that no increase should be made to the usual imports, but that on the contrary, all the oppressive taxes lately imposed should be immediately suppressed, that no Christian should be allowed to peep over the wall, or into the house of a Muslim or enter a mosque. That any Muslim choosing to travel or reside among the Christians should be perfectly secure in this person and property that no badge or distinctive mark be put upon them, as was done with the Jews and the managers in Christian territories that no one was in should be interrupted in the act of calling the people to pray, and no Muslim molested either in the performance of his daily devotions
or in the observance of his fast or in any other religious ceremony, but that if a Christian should be found laughing at them, he shouldn't be punished for it, that the Muslims should be exempted from all taxes.
And for a certain number of years, that the Lord of Rome, the pope should be requested to give his assent to the above conditions and sign the treaty himself.
So these are the terms. Why did I read all these terms to you so that you really realize why the Muslims surrendered the city and what was agreed upon, and they were expecting good treatment from these kings and queens.
But Ferdinand and Isabella had no intention to keep these terms. They just wanted the territory. They wanted to occupy the last stronghold of Islam in Spain, and thenceforth. They will do what they want, or what they wanted. As soon as the city of Granada was taken, the Muslims were initially tolerated. They were initially tolerated, because
the new rulers didn't want any disturbance. They could see these these are a very deeply religious people.
And we cannot possibly start changing them straight away
by 1499, and what happened when these monarchs took the city?
Firstly, there were two bishops that came in the Bishop of the city of Granada. Renata was appointed, and his name was
Hernando De Talavera. Hernando De Talavera, was appointed as the Bishop of the city of Granada, a Christian bishop. And his approach was to reason with Muslims preach the Catholic faith to them, and try to convince them about Catholicism.
Possibly not realizing, because many Christian clergy at the time were very ignorant of Islam and Muslims, possibly not realizing that these people they are trying to convert. Some of them are scholars of Christianity.
They have written books refuting Christianity.
So how are you going to convert someone like that someone who's writing books on Christianity. There are books upon books in the libraries of Ghana Arata, hundreds of 1000s of volumes in the Arabic language. How are you going to convert them? So this is the attitude yet? Hernando de terre vara. Then what happens is another bigot who takes over from him. Okay, Arch Bishop of Toledo, the city of Toledo in the North. He has a different idea. He comes and joins telephoto,
or tele Vera sorry Calavera Hernando De Talavera. He comes and joins me his name is Francisco.
Gibbon is D. Sis neuros. Cisneros comes and he starts to arrest Muslim influentials and tortures them, starts to torture them, process them and forces Christianity on them. And he succeeds by torturing many influential Muslims. Then they convert to Islam under duress under torture. And then he reports to the Pope, that I am have converted hundreds, possibly 1000s of people buy torching to Christianity. So they are encouraged now. They want to change the policy. They want to push Muslims to convert to Christianity.
So the policy changes, Muslims are now harassed in the city of Karnataka. Muslims are being told to do things they don't want to do. Muslims are being told to baptize
to leave their faith.
This results in a revolt in 1499, literally seven years after the city of Granada is taken this report, okay. And this revolt
goes on for another two years, until 15, or one when this revolt is crushed, and now, all gloves taken off, gloves taken off, okay. Now, these Christian monarchs, they feel that they don't have to keep any treaties. They don't have to honor any treaties, any agreements with made with the Muslims. So this agreement I read in front of you was thrown into the bed. It was cancelled because of the revolt revolt was used as an excuse, even though the reward was caused by Catholic behavior against the Muslims and ornata. That wasn't considered and these terms were cancelled. And now
a choice was given to Muslims. Expulsion,
conversion, or death. You choose. You convert to Christianity, Catholicism, you get baptized
or you leave the country for another country, which wasn't easy at the time, of course, or you die. Which one is it?
Many, in fact, the majority choose
conversion.
They pretend to become Christians. These are the people who are known as the Moriscos.
And Moriscos is a term used in a derogatory sense against Muslims who had converted to Christianity forcefully. They were forced, they were forced into Christianity or into Catholicism. And they were called Moriscos. Literally meaning little Moors, little Moors. Now Moors was the term used, generally speaking for Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula in Spain, morals in Spanish morels, Mo R O S. And in English, it is Moore's Moore's law, basically North Africans, okay, even though the majority of these people,
native
people of Karnataka, were Hispanic, ethnically Hispanic, Muslims of Spain, wherever they were, whenever they were, or
Hispanic, the majority was all always Hispanic. These were Spaniards. These were native Spanish people who had converted to Islam throughout the rule of Islam throughout the period of Islam.
And these conversions, they reached the peak in the ninth century in the 850s, after the OMA years had come to power, and they were ruling for almost a century already. And in the ninth century, these conversions, they reached the peak 1000s upon 1000s of Christians in Spain, were accepting Islam voluntarily not forced. We have evidence for that we have strong evidence for that Christians themselves writing at the time, we have the writings and the complaining about it, that these Christians are going to Islam.
They are not even reading the Catholic or Christian commentaries on the Bible.
There is a man called Paul Paul Alvarez, who was writing in the mid 19th century, He is complaining that these Christian youngsters are no longer reading the biblical commentaries. They are reading Arabic philosophy, they are reading books in the Arabic language, and they know better Arabic than the Arabs, some of them can utter, perform better political verses than the Arabs themselves. This is a Christian writing in the midnight century in Cordoba in Cordova.
And to stop this movement, or stop this conversion to Islam, a movement was launched, called the martyrs of Cordoba, these people, a bunch of extremists, from the Christian community in Cordoba, they started to insult the prophet as a as a tactic as a strategy to start to to insult the prophets, Allah Salam in public, in front of the Muslims, so that they get killed. This was the idea. The idea was Islamic law was applied
the law at the time in Spain, anyone in salt, insulting a prophet of God, or God, it carried death penalty.
At the time, in Spain, the law was that anyone who insults prophets, is going to be facing the capital punishment. And they knew this, they knew this very well. So these Christians started to insult the Prophet, so that so that the capital punishment can be applied against them. And when they are killed by the state, the Islamic domain, the Islamic government of Spain,
then the Christians will feel sympathy for them, and they will heal them as the martyrs of the Christian faith. And then this conversion to Islam will stop. But in fact, most Christians disowned them. Most Christians in Cordoba, they said, We have nothing to do with these nutters, these are mad people. They have lost the plot, they are lost their minds, just as Muslims nowadays are always apologizing for the acts of few who do some stupid things here and there. Right? You see the entire Muslim community go on this. And similar things are happening to Christians in Islamic Spain when Christian started to apologize for the acts of fue. And they started to dis own these people. Right?
Why am I telling you this so that you understand the majority of these Moriscos were native Hispanic people. They ancestors had converted to Islam and they were Spanish, Hispanic, but they were always called
Moriscos
or Morris. Even though you are Spanish, some of them are blond, white blue eyes.
In fact, some of the soul fans who were ruling some of these Spanish Muslims today
It's what white
if you go today to Alhambra Palace,
okay, and you see
a depiction of the Sultan's on one of the ceilings, you will see. They are depicted, they're painted by a contemporary painter.
Some of them have ginger beards.
soltanto Renata, Muslim, they look, they're white. You look at them, they're white, some, some are dark skin, others are white, because their mothers are white. Right? So they were mixed. So many of these Moriscos. In fact, the majority, the overwhelming majority, were
spanic, Hispanic, and they had a mix, no doubt with North Africans. Because the almoradi Tune came, almost don't came, they ruled this territory. They were very influential, they intermarried with people, local people. To this day. If a DNA test is carried out in Spanish people of the South Allen Dulles, you will see North African DNA.
And it can be traced back to those North African rulers, and those people who have inhabited the land.
So these people Moriscos when the city of Granada fell, Abu Abdullah the ruler, He left with his entourage from Morocco, he went to Morocco and 200,000 Muslims from Granada left with him, they didn't want to trust the Christian Christian monarchs and the Catholics. They didn't want to trust them. They were left with a boy Abdullah, those who could afford to leave those who are rich, others stayed behind people, Muslims in the countryside, they stayed behind. These were called the Moriscos. And then they were forced to flee. They were forcefully converted. So 1499, the revolt, and the treaties are canceled.
And now they are told to convert or die.
And then majority of them convert. But it doesn't stop there.
It doesn't stop there.
The law is made, the treaty is cancelled.
And now these people are Christian, officially, they are not Christian, officially, but they actually not Christian.
They are practicing Islam in secret. They are called Moriscos. Previously, they were managers, managers were Muslims living under Christian rule. Is that clear? Now managers, okay, have now become Moriscos, their status has changed. Managers were Muslims living under Christian rule, the mortgagors now have become Moriscos because now their status has legally changed. Moriscos are now converted newly converted Christians from Islam.
And they are no longer seen as Muslims. They are now seen as Christians who had to who had to practice Christianity as the Catholic side. And they were checked.
They were tested, whether they are actually Christian or not.
So what started to happen initially, when this law was made, and you know what, at this time 1501 15 Or two, when this revolt was suppressed the first revolt of the Muslims against these evil
injunctions imposed upon them.
One of the results one of the outcomes was Isabella, the queen, she ordered the burning of all Arabic books.
This was one of the greatest disasters in the history of Islam, to libraries
that were destroyed in the history of Islam. We will never know what we lost there. And these two libraries were potentially the greatest loss to Islam, in terms of our literature, and evidence of Islam, early evidence of Islam.
What to libraries are those?
Sorry,
Baghdad, everyone knows what happened in Baghdad.
The siege of Baghdad the Mongol invasion in 1258. Baghdad was taken the last Abbas ID. Caleb was killed. His name was almost Cymbala he was killed and one of the outcomes of this siege or this capture of Baghdad. This destruction of Baghdad was that the library of Baghdad was entirely thrown in to the river tigress digital. The river Digital River tigress became black.
First, it became red due to the blood of the Muslims that was spilt by the Mongols, and then it became black due to the ink of the books that were thrown into the river. Now, I can only assume
Imagine that they were Quran they're written by the Sahaba, or from the time of the sahaba.
They were Quran they from the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth century of Islam. This is when the Mongols came in. They were books of Hadith that we have never seen before. That we find mentioned in the books of early scholars.
They were books on poetry, literature, science, philosophy, you name it, millions of books are thrown into the river and we will never find them again, never, never recover them again. Similarly, in 1501, Isabella ordered the burning of the books from Granada, Allahu Akbar, I saw the square when I was there. Just over a week ago, I sold the square where these books were burned by this.
Bishop Paul Cisneros, the one who came to impose Islam on non Muslims Cisneros. He personally supervised the burning of these books, all the Quran, all the books of Hadees, all the literature of Islam, all the Tafseer all the commentaries on the Hadees all the books you can imagine the Muslims had accumulated in Renata from all over alanda lose, the entire legacy of Islam and books was burnt, went in to flames.
Over a million books, it is estimated were burned that time. So what happened, these Muslims now started to hide the books.
Because now keeping an Arabic Book was a crime. You can no longer keep Arabic books, and it is estimated that there are a million people.
Even though 200,000 have left with Abdullah, the ruler to Morocco, almost 500,000 Half a million to seven 800,000 People are still behind. Some even claim a million that a million Muslims are still around and they are called Moriscos. Legally they are not Christians as far as the state is concerned. They are Christian.
But they will not Christian. Some did convert. No doubt some few unfortunate individuals did convert.
But majority of the Muslims they pretended to save their lives. So they will go to the church and they will Stanley.
Okay. They would even at times
do things that Islam does not permit eat pig. Because they were forced to eat pig Inquisition was an institution that was unleashed again against them, these clergy, these bigoted evil, Satan's or shayateen working with this institution, or a bunch of Catholic clergy. And they were basically given this task to make these people Christian, by hook or by crook. So they would go to their homes, and they will check them systematically if they are actually practicing Christianity, or the eating pig, they would have to hang a leg of a pig in every single Muslim house, and then they would make them to the meat.
They would make them drink wine.
If a Muslim or if an individual in Granada was seen to be to clean Muslim,
this is not a Christian because one of the greatest signs
of Muslims was
they were clean. They were hygienic. Very tidy. So if you were to clean
you would be taken to the Inquisition. They will be interviewed tortured to confess
okay.
And
they will not allowed to pray.
No salah,
no read, no will do. No hosel if anyone was seen bathing on Joomla on Friday, they were picked up.
They were taken.
And they were tortured. In some cases tortured to death.
Women were not allowed to dress as Muslims. They had to uncover
you know, this is not a joke.
When you actually think about it, when you read about it, you know, the problem is we are not aware of this history. We are completely blind, completely ignorant. We don't know this happened.
And you know what people cry about the Holocaust, and other catastrophes that took place in the history of humanity. Rightly so. These are catastrophes but one of the greatest catastrophes, one of the greatest genocides, one of the greatest extermination one of the greatest ethnic cleansing. That ethnic cleansing that took place in human history was in Spain,
against the Muslims of Spain, after Spain fell to Catholics.
So they were not allowed to
Right now they were facing a very difficult situation. They were so much in love with Islam, that they wanted a solution. Then came a fatwa called the fatwa of Iran.
The fatwa of Iran. What is the fatwa oran anyone knows.
So in 1501, or 1502.
Some Muslims write a letter to a scholar in a place called Warren,
or a scholar from Warren Warren is basically in current day Josiah Algeria. This scholar was
share, Ebola Abbas Ahmed bin Abhi, Juma al magrabi, al Waorani.
So the letter was written to him, the Muslims or Spain were complaining, or they explained the situation that this is the situation we're living in, we cannot leave, Willie will be killed, because they couldn't leave those who tried to leave or systematically robbed on the way and most died on the way. In fact, the Jews immediately were banished. The Muslims were not immediately expelled because they were in huge numbers, hundreds of 1000s of people, how do you tell them to leave, it's going to become a logistic nightmare. And the city will be empty, there will be no city of Granada, there will be no business, there will be no agriculture. So these monarchs, they realize
that they have to be pragmatic about it, and they have to find a long solution for Muslims, for the Jews out
the Jews in 1492, as soon as the city of Granada fell out, and most of them were killed on the way the Jewish people, and very few made it to Morocco and Algeria and Tunisia. So the Jewish people who were still
living in Morocco, Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia until the 1940s. Were actually originally Hispanic.
These were Spanish Jews, Sephardic Jews.
So they were completely wiped out.
Muslims are in large numbers. So these Muslims wrote a letter to the move the move the our boss admin Amin, Juma al Mughrabi Guarani, so they asked him, so the Mufti responded by telling them that we have been made aware of your situation. It is a very difficult situation, no doubt. So in your case, you should.
Out of necessity,
out of necessity, in your case, in your circumstances, you can eat pig to save your lives, because you are under duress. You can even drink wine. And one of the things the Inquisitors and the Catholics used to do with the Muslims to confirm they knew they knew these Muslims, they will go to church and stand there and pretend that they are Christians. These Muslims, they will eat pig.
They will eat pig. Yanni when they are forced, they will eat pig. They will even drink
when they are forced to drink. But the most difficult thing for them is what
the most difficult thing for them is what? Ah
no Chiraq Of course, yes.
No Salah code liquid press losses. This is I'm coming to the fatwa
insulting the Prophet sallallahu alayhi salam, they knew these Catholics knew that these people will not insult the Prophet. Okay? And Wallah, he this was the most bitter cup to swallow for the Muslims. The Muslims could not insult the Prophet salallahu Salam, but on pain of death, they were told to insult Muhammad or you die, or you die. And many of them they did this. They knew of course, there were scholars they knew the story of Mr. vinyasa how he was tortured and he said something he didn't want to say any went back to the Prophet. So they knew. So the most the
he sent them a response and will lie this became the most popular text among Moriscos
among the Muslims of Spain, or the Muslims of Grenada at the time, now the Muslims of Spain pretty much had concentrated in Granada. And there's another place called Valencia. One of the huge numbers of Muslims was in Valencia, they will also now Moriscos because they were previously mortgagors Muslims were allowed to practice their faith and the Christian rule, but now after the fall of Granada they had also become Moriscos because later on in the early 15
century 16th century sorry, early 16th century 1500s. When Charles the fifth was ruling, they were forcefully converted.
Due to what a Bellion which was called the rebellion of Brotherhood's the rebellion of all the wars of Brotherhood's long story, that's another topic, we can discuss it another time. But as a result, many Muslims were forced into Christianity and Charles a faith when the question came to him. Joseph was the ruler of Spain at the time and he was the Holy Roman Emperor. When the question came to him about these, the status of these people who were forcefully converted, he said they remain Christian.
And they became Moriscos to
a large, a huge hundreds of 1000s of Muslims living in Valencia.
So Renata was going through what I told you already, Valencia also became a victim of this Inquisition.
Then these Muslims were facing extreme circumstances, but in secret, they were still practicing Islam. They kept Islam even though they had to eat pig at times, even though they had to drink wine at times, even in salt the Prophet sallallahu Sallam I will do will love Allah protect all of us will lie, you know that Muslims of India, I can see this coming to them. Because the same thing that happened in Spain is happening right now in India
is happening right now India, you know, when these Hindu extremists when they tell Muslims to say Jai Shri Ram Jai Shri Ram, you know, they, they tell them to
in Persian, there's a saying you're a knucklehead Cofer cover number shoot, you know, narrating cover is not cover itself, right? So when I say this, don't don't put fatwas on me. He just said it right. Okay, this is what the Hindu extremists in India are telling the Muslim they stop Muslims. And they tell them say this when you die, or you get beaten? This is exactly what was happening in Spain. And you know, one of the things these Hindu extremists in India, these terrorists wearing wearing saffron, you know, what this what they're saying that these Muslims the population is growing they breeding like rabbits, they will out? Number us if we don't do something about them. If
we don't do carwash See, God Wapsi literally means bringing them back to home. What home? Are they talking about? Bringing them from Islam to Hinduism. If we don't do that, if we don't force these Muslims to him to become Hindus, then they will out breed us. They will outnumber us. This is exactly what the Inquisition and the Catholic clergy was
saying to Spanish kings, deal with the Moriscos. The numbers are high, and they will outnumber us by breeding, because they don't go to war. They are good in business, they are getting richer. If you don't change their religion,
then they will out breed us. Demographics was one of the biggest questions in the minds of Inquisitors and the Kings of Spain at the time when they were oppressing suppressing and brutalizing Muslims. This is why they were doing what they were doing, because they were clergy less like there are Hindu extremist clergy in India
pumping this hatred against Muslims, and brainwashing the Indian masses, the ignorant Indian masses about the threat of Islam and Muslims in India, this is exactly what you know, history is repeating itself. You read about Spain and Moriscos. And you look at the state of the Muslims in India, you will see the powerless.
I'm not going to say any more. You go and do your calculations.
So
these people now are facing an existential threat. They are still not trusted. Even though they're going to church. They are outwardly expressing Christianity. They are not trusted, and rightly so the Inquisition knew that these people are a bunch of manavi kin to Christianity. They are hypocrites why they profess Christianity in public but in private, they are Muslims. So to them, they were hypocrites. They were pretending to be Christian. They are heretics, heretics to Christianity, so it is okay to torture them, to brutalize them to do anything against them because they will never become Christian. And that is true, because they were very learned Muslims. So the
fatwa came to them. The fatwa tells them in your situation, you can even do all these things. You can even insult the Prophet in your situation, you will not be held accountable. Because what does the Quran say?
What is the Quran? Those who commit Cofer and they hate it in the heart, there is no blame on them.
And this verse was revealed about Amar, Vinyasa or the Alon about his case. So this became the most popular text
In
among the Moriscos, and there is a translation of it. In a Jimmy odo, a jammy shadow was a language the Moriscos had pioneered to do the secret correspondence with each other. A gem Yaddo was basically Spanish, written in Arabic
alphabets in Arabic characters.
And there are many texts that still they are extent, and they can be found in different libraries in Spain and beyond. Right ajam iada was the language used by Moriscos to communicate with each other? Because the Christians the Catholics couldn't read that language.
Okay, so there isn't a German translation of that fatwa from 1564. It exists almost 60 years after the fatwa came, okay? And this is how we know the fatwa exists. And this was one of the most popular texts at the time. So the kadhi the Mufti told them to pray with gestures. You don't have to pray like Allahu Akbar, Yanni, you know your visible rituals. Don't pray like that. Pray with gestures, you can pray with your eyes. You want to do charity, you wanna do the card, just go and help a beggar. Just help a beggar. Don't make it Islamic. Don't make it seem Islamic. Okay, then they came up with code words, instead of saying a Salam aleikum wa rahmatullah they would say something else.
Okay. Quran was out of the question. They couldn't be found with the Quran, they would be killed. So, nowadays, in Spain, many old houses when they are going through renovations, when walls are dropped, you find Arabic manuscripts in there.
You find hidden books, which are hidden by the Moriscos.
And they wanted to hide these books. They wanted to cling to them, because they wanted their attachment to the dean al Islam. Okay, so
then what happens?
This situation continues. But in the countryside outside of Granada, the Muslims are pretty much practicing their faith, it is impossible to monitor them. Because it's such a large number of people. You will need an army to stand God on top of these people to make sure that they become true Christians. So they are doing the advanced, they're doing the Salah, they're doing the Islam for the next 50 to 60 years, then is 1567. Philip the Second, the king of Spain, he realizes that something has to be done, because the clergy are again whispering to him that these people, they are the fifth column, what is the fifth column?
What is that? Does anyone know?
The fifth column,
an enemy from within? Because the Ottoman threat was rising. The Ottomans are already in the Mediterranean Sea. And they were threatening not only Spain, but all of Europe. All of Europe. Okay.
And you see, all of this history is intertwined. All of this history is very interesting and intertwined. The Ottomans
were during the period were during the reign of salamander magnificent were very active in the Mediterranean and beyond. To the extent that in 1571, one of the biggest naval battles in European history took place, the Battle of Lepanto, the Battle of Lepanto, between the Ottoman Navy and a coalition of European navies. And the Ottomans lost the battle. Because this was a very huge Navy that came to fight them for the existence, the Ottomans were threatening, threatening Europe. Okay, in 1533, the city city of Vienna was besieged by Sultan Solomon, the magnificent. And 40 years later, this battle takes place in the Mediterranean. So the Spanish monarchs and the Catholic clergy
clergy are shivering in the pants, that if these Moriscos, the fifth column within Spain, if they if the Ottomans invade
from the coasts of ornata, or close by these Morisco will side with them
and they will find hundreds of 1000s of people fighting for them. So this is the fifth column, we have to do something about it, you have to really do so 1567 Philip the Second announces another decree
that no Muslim dress code allowed no Arabic language on paper, even in the countryside by law. Now Grenada is
already done with, but this is now surrounding areas where the Muslims are still alive in hundreds of 1000s. No Arabic language, no Islamic names. No Arabic names. You have to not call yourself Gonzalez or speeding.
You know, those Spanish names or Mexican names that we know today? Yeah, Fernandez and I don't know, Hidalgo or something like that. I don't know what names I know all these names on cowboy movies yet.
So you have to change your names to these Spanish names, no Arabic names. No salaam, no Arabic, no Islam, outwardly or inwardly outwardly, or inwardly. Of course, they can't do nothing, but outwardly gone. No identity, nothing to do with Muslim identity, haram, forbidden on pain of death, you will die. Now, the Moriscos have realized that we were somehow surviving in secret, practicing Islam. We were still you know,
going by getting by. But now is now.
Another revolt 1568 Moriscos get together in these mountains called Al pajaros mountains or Alpujarras mountains that are very close to one another. If you go to the city of Camelot, Grenada, about two hours drive, you will get to these mountains. And you will see these mountain
this mountain range. Muslims were living in these mountains. So they came together. And they were united by the last Muslim leader of Al Andalus. You can call him the last Muslim leader of Al Andalus, who stood up for Islam militarily. His name was
Ben Hama. Yeah. Ben Harmonia. Okay, he had a Spanish name given to him. But he was called Ben Hermia, which is a corruption of a blue Omega YBNL omega. Why was he called YBNL omega. He was called Romania because he traced back his lineage to Blue omega. So he's used that lineage to become the leader of the Muslims and I am descended from one omega, the very people who established the caliphate in Spain, and I now lead you. So for three years, a blue Omiya led the Muslims and all in Al pajaros mountains from 1568 to 1571. Many bloody battles took place, many Spanish soldiers were killed and Muslims are killed. Okay. And eventually
the king he defeated the Muslims and this last resistance. This last resistance unfortunately, was crushed. And now an order was given to exterminate, exterminate these people, okay, because now the Ottomans are around the corner.
And even Britain is threatening Spain 1588 The famous battle of Armada you know, the famous Armada battle? Yeah, when Spain came to take England and you know who the Queen Elizabeth the first was allied with, you know, who was she allied with any any ideas? The Ottoman Empire, she was allied with the Ottoman Empire, he was in basically, in alliance with the Sultan of the Ottomans. And there's a book titled The Queen in the salon, check it out. It tells that story, the queen in the salon, right. So this was a very dangerous situation for the Spanish. There are people inside Spain who don't like the Catholic government of Spain, there is Britain, England, ruled by Elizabeth the
first at the time, and there are Ottomans. So they said okay, extermination in 1515 82.
The king of Spain and his clergy and his advisors get together and discuss the Morisco problem. How do we deal with this problem? They are not leaving Islam, they will keep still keep secret Islam with them. What do we do? So some of them they argue that we commit a genocide we kill them on
hundreds of 1000s of people, we just round them and kill them all. Just kill them. Okay, just get rid of the problem. Who's gonna?
Other said no, no, no, this is too much. Okay. Then some said castrate older men castrate older men, get the men get all the males castrate them so that they can not have children anymore. That's it problem over one generation gone finished. Right? Then they said this even this is going to cause another reward because now you see the the wire the revolts taking place, because they are still around in huge numbers. So these ideas are basically put aside, some Spanish nobles are arguing to leave them. Why? Because they were expert agriculturists. They were they were they were taking care of agriculture. They were taking care of business for them, right. So they were in favor of leaving
them alone. But then these Catholic clergy these bigoted, hateful Catholic clergy islamophobe
weak Catholic clergy, they didn't want that they wanted to cleanse.
Finally, in 1609, King Philip the third who came to power after his father Philip the Second who was the one who decreed, we should the decree in say 1567 That caused the revolt. His son Philip the third, when he comes to power, he decides to banish the entire population of Moriscos from Spain, whether they are Christian or not, even if they are sincere in Christianity, even if they are sincere out,
out. So, in 1609, from 1609 to 1614, Moriscos were told to leave
for Morocco, for Africa or anywhere else. And this will lie this explosion of 1609 to 1614 is a very, very sad story which needs a lecture of its own. And I cannot indulge in details because time is nearly up. So Moriscos because this is the end of May Muslims came into Spain in 711 c, and this happened in 1609. So, almost 900 years Muslims are in Spain. People say 700 years or eight Muslims are still in Spain for 900 years, up to the year 1609. in huge numbers. They were hiding the Islam they were keeping the Islam in secret. They didn't let go of it. And then when he learned they landed in Morocco, the Moroccans attack them thinking that these people are basically the Spanish
have sent them Aspies are to attack us from within. So they didn't accept them. So they ended up in very difficult situations. In fact, when some of them came to the coast to travel across the channel, they were already robbed dry. By the time they came to the coast. And Spanish ships, they were charging them heavy amounts of money. They wanted heavy amounts of money. So they had to choose now,
if the adults remain behind, that's another Marisco who wouldn't be allowed to stay. And if they leave the children behind, they will be raised as Catholics, they will be left without the father and the mother. So many parents had to make the difficult choice, the choice that allowed both the parents and the children to live. And what was that to leave the children behind. They had to leave hundreds of 1000s of children behind with Catholics. And they were converted, of course forcefully to Catholicism and Muslim parents. They crossed the channel to the other side to Morocco. There are still under Lucien quarters in the cities of Morocco, you will see them some rich Moriscos Muslims,
they ended up in the Ottoman Empire, they went to the territory, the Ottoman territories that took refuge there, many of these Moriscos because they were very bitter about this, they joined the pirates, the Barbary pirates who were invading the coast of Spain. From time to time, they became the pirates who were attacking the Spanish ships. And any European ship for that matter. There was a huge famous personality called highroad Dean Barbarossa. Who knows about him put your hand up. Harold in Barbarossa was a Barbary pirate. Okay, who was active in the Mediterranean? And I'm sure he had Moriscos helping him Moriscos joined the Ottoman militaries later on.
They became helpers of the Ottomans. Some even went as far as Egypt to work in Egyptian within the Egyptian state process. These are very learned people in many cases and many, many, many, many of them very able people. And they were originally Hispanic, they were Spanish people, but because of the Islam, they will never trust it and they were thrown out of Spain. They suffered daily. Their story is absolutely fascinating. This is a story of heroism, resilience, resistance, and faithfulness. Allah He Moriscos some of the examples are so amazing that you will see how they tried to keep their Islam under extreme circumstances. What I have given you today is only an
introduction. Okay, if you want to know the details of what happened to them, there are books written by scholars on them. One of them was authored in the 19th century when the story of Moriscos actually came to light. Most people in the world had no idea who Moriscos were what happened to them. Only Spanish people knew Spanish historians and Spanish authors knew. But this story came to light when an American historian wrote on the Moriscos his name was Henry Charles Lee, Henry Charles Lee authored a book titled The Moriscos of Spain, and it was published in 1901. The first edition was published in 1901. This is when the story of Moriscos came to light and people were blown away.
Later on another book you can read if you want to read a relatively relatively recent work by a Muslim scholar. It is by Anwar Shanna Anwar Shanna Shanna His name is
spelt a surname is spelt with C H, E, J and E. Okay you may think this is a strange spelling of Shana but this is always name is spelt Anwar A n WR Shana Cha Cha EJN e, okay. And the book is titled the Moorish course, Google it, you will find these works in sha Allah. And there are many more academic works authored by recent scholars who are discovering a lot of amazing facts about
what is cause and even the discovery of some of the Morisco manuscripts in algebra yado, in the language they were writing are absolutely fascinating. Absolutely fascinating. In fact, there is a text found in Belgium, Yaddo by a man I forgot his name, he wrote, he was writing to the Moriscos, or you know of his region that remained steadfast on Islam. And he was telling them how to practice Islam. And don't leave Islam under any circumstances for discover
it writing in a gem yado in Spanish, with Arabic characters. So this is a very powerful, very painful, a very
inspirational story of people who resisted extraordinary odds against them. And they stood by the faith, and most of them never gave up Islam. In fact, as latest 1727 As late as 1727, there was a case there was a trial in Spain, where some Moriscos were put on trial by the Inquisition, for practicing Morisco rituals.
Can you believe it? As later 1727, the 18th century, okay, people were practicing Morisco rituals or doing risk of things? What is that some Islamic things right? Okay, so this is 1000 years from the time Muslims first arrived in Spain 711 to 1727. There are still traces of Islam in Spain, as latest that some scholars have discovered that Moriscos are still around very much. They even found secret ways in languages to survive to keep Islam. There were secret societies if you like to keep Islam, they had secret language, they had code words, to greet each other. They had mastered ways to keep whatever Islam they could. And finally, in the 18th century, you can say all traces of Islam were
completely removed. Can you imagine that a people ruled
a territory for almost 700 years, and none of the graves can be found today. With few exceptions.
The graves have been completely wiped out. The Catholics came out to wipe out Islam and any trace of it, but they couldn't wipe out Alhambra Palace
or the merchant of Cordoba, you will still see Islamic sites in places like ornata, Seville, Valencia, Alicante, Toledo. Okay. And Maria, the list goes on, you go to these territories in Spain, you will see the traces of Islam you will see monuments with Arabic writing on them with the verses of the Quran on them. And one of the places brothers are telling me is like a casino. No, it's a casino and there are verses from the Quran or Arabic verses on the walls.
There are places standing to this day. So finally my brothers and sisters, I will stop here. So very long story, you can read some of the books I have already mentioned, Henry Charles read the Moriscos of Spain and Anwar Shahana, the Moriscos and you will see many more details. In fact, if you want to read a recent more recent work, it is by LP Harvey, l. P. Harvey, Harvey. He has authored this book, Spain from 15 to 16, on I 1500 to 1609, if I'm not mistaken, from 1500 to 1609, this is the Morisco period. This is the Morisco period in Spain, LP Harvey. Okay, a very important book, if you want to go academic, that's a very good book book to consult. Okay. So there are many stories, I can tell
you that I simply don't have the time
to go through them. But you have to go and look into these books and research this topic in more detail so that you can come across more about Moriscos and learn from the example and their suffering and see how this should happen. Never again. Never, never. This story needs to be told to save your brothers and sisters in India
and China possibly. Okay. The story needs to be told. These things have to be learned. You
You have to talk about them you have to do research you have to do workshops so that you save yourselves and your future generations from similar treatment
thank you so much for listening well hamdu Lillahi Rabbil Alameen wa salam aleikum wa rahmatullah wa barakato