Seerah – 87 Battle of Tabuk 1
Date:
Channel: Yasir Qadhi
Series: Yasir Qadhi - Seerah
File Size: 29.73MB
Episode Notes
Shaykh Yasir Qadhi now moves on to the topic of the battle of Tabuk and a detailed description is discussed in the lecture.
The battle of Tabuk took place in the month of Rajab, 9 H. What was the reason behind the occurrence of this battle?The meaning of Tabuk is shared and we get the reference from the Prophet ﷺ when he refers it to a type of spring. Why did the name of the battle get named so? Listen intently to discover the details. Another name that is synonymous with this Ghazwa is that of ‘Jaysh Al Usra’. What is the reasoning behind this? It is an interesting one.
This particular battle was a very difficult one. There are some reasons for this:
- The size of the Muslim army was the largest that Arabia had ever seen.
- The length of the distance that had to be undertaken by the Muslim army was the largest that they had ever attempted.
The Prophet ﷺ began accumulating funds for the battle and clearly, a huge amount was required. Most of the Sahabas contributed generously and the largest share was that of Uthman Ibn Affan RA.
AI Generated Transcript ©
Bismillah R Rahman r Rahim al hamdu Lillahi Rabbil alameen wa salatu salam ala Sayyidina Muhammad wa ala alihi wa sahbihi. Germaine I'm about. So inshallah we will resume from where we left off last halaqa and we had finished the Battle of her name and thought if and the benefits of the Battle of Hernan and the siege of a thought if and today inshallah inshallah we will move on to the last water book. But before we do that, just a very quick note that there were around six months before between the the siege of a thought if and the Battle of the book what happened in the six months, around seven or eight mini expeditions, which we're not going to go into the names of the small
expeditions, the process of did not participate, but he sent us a habit to neighboring tribes and neighboring lands, and one of the main purposes was to destroy large idols to destroy public idols, and also to bring in the small tribes around muck around Medina that we're still remaining to bring in. So there's no need to go into all of the names. But for example, just for the junos, the more famous ones, too faded, an AMA was sent to destroy the idol of the caffeine, and it was sent to destroy the idol of a fight by the name of unfolds, and other idols were destroyed as well. Now, it's a very important point, especially in light of modern political issues, where we have these
groups that are destroying,
basically, sacred sites or whatnot. And they use these incidents from the Sierra as evidence to destroy modern sites. Now, one thing needs to be reiterated and that is that the Prophet system only did this after he had established his political authority in the land. In other words, he's not destroying zylka fain, he's not destroying unfolds, he is not destroying a loser and other of these idols until he has established political authority. Right. So this is after the conquest of Makkah, after the Battle of her name, when central Arabia is basically his completely, and he's now expanding and conquering all of Arabia. So when the political power is with the Islamic State, at
this point in time, they might contemplate destroying the idols of the pagan idols. But there's another issue here now, right, there's another issue. And that issue is,
what do our scholars say? What do the mazahub say about the freedom of other religions to worship in an Islamic State? Right? This is another issue that many people bring up. And the fact of the matter is that there has been a controversy from the very beginning of Islam amongst the tabula uninterpretable, your own by unanimous consensus, Jews and Christians, of course, are allowed to practice their faith in the Islamic State, this is something well known. And the Quran is experts around this and how these are mentioned about this point. There's no afterlife at all. The question comes, how about paganistic religions? How about religions that are not educated religions? This is
the question and the responses that we've had, from the very beginning of time by almost unanimous consensus, there is, there is no idolatry allowed in the Arabian Peninsula features edited out, and this was perhaps the greatest success of our prophets of the low seldom is that he permanently got rid of idolatry amongst the Arabs amongst Jews either too loud, and the ethnicity of the Arabs, right. So to this day, you really don't have idolaters amongst the Arabs, and this is something that is the success of Islam, that it completely wiped it out. How about worshipping idols outside of the Arabian Peninsula? Would an Islamic State tolerate that and the format I have have differed on this
issue? The format is different among this issue, some of them as I have said, you can only take as citizens in Alabama status, Jews and Christians and Zoroastrians, so Christians, of course, are the
policies we call them an India box on the ones that consider fire to be a source of divinity and whatnot. And the reason that the rescuers are included, but in all of the mme is that over the top one, they conquered Persia when they conquered Persia, Iran, or modafinil, Hobbes said, treat them like you treat
Jews and Christians treat them like you treat Jews and Christians and so they were treated like Jews and Christians in terms of giving the jizya and being allowed to practice their fate within their their temples. Now, from this, some of the scholars have said only Zoroastrians have an exception from Jews and Christians, Jews, Christians or Jews, no other group
However, two points Firstly, there's always been an opposing view. And the most famous men have that champion at very strenuously was the Hanafi madhhab. The Hanafi madhhab said, you may ask on all of the religions, why do we stop only Zoroastrians? Because the Austrians do not believe in our God, Jews and Christians do they believe in our God? Yes. What's your evidence?
The Quran is explicit anybody who denies this, and there are many ignorant Muslims who deny this right? And I have met plenty of them. Anybody who denies this has not even read the Quran. Allah says in the Quran, talking about the etiquette of what Allahu Allah hukum wa. We have the same God, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, the God of Ishmael, the God of Moses, the god, this is the same God, the God of Noah, that's the same God. Now, the question is, do they have this God, our God? No, they don't have our God they have a hoorah Mas, then a hurry man, the God of good in the God of of evil, the God of light and the God of darkness, right of Buddha, Mazda is the God of good
and Herman is the God of evil. They have to ultimate divinities. They don't believe in Abraham and Moses, and they don't believe in any of this yet by unanimous consensus, all of them as I have said, that the Zoroastrians are treated like alligators.
Now based on this, the Hanafi madhhab, and also somebody wired in the Maliki and hanbali madhhab. They said that, therefore, all non Arab paganistic religions have the same exception. They didn't allow the exception for the Arabs. Why? Because meaning when I say Arabs here, I'm in the Arabian Peninsula, and in those days, it was basically the same. You didn't have Arabs in Egypt at the time of the process. You didn't have Arabic. So what by Arabs, we mean Jews edited out of why because juicy data out of has a sacred not a sacred but
mean, better status or holiest that there is even sacred is not a bad word to use in English. It has a status that the other lands do not have. And our Prophet sallallahu Sallam said on his deathbed, after Judea, who the one nesara, mean Jazeera to outer meaning in the Arabian Peninsula, you cannot have two religions flourishing. You can have another religion that is on the side, but not apparently not public. So you can have other religions, in small communities but not flourishing. This is the Hadith of the process of Judah Solomon Jazeera check out of, but he never said that you have to expel them from non Jews 11 out of Jesus out of the Arabian Peninsula. So based on this, the
other opinion, and the opinion that pretty much everybody has acted upon in the history of Islam.
And this is a very important point that most people who want to just study a book, they don't ignore the ignore history, historically speaking, what did our qualifier do the oma years, their buses, the Ottomans, what did they do? All of the hodaka. By and large, they taught, they tolerated every minority, as long as that minority was civil. What do I mean by civil, they didn't go murdering, they didn't go on a rampage, they didn't go killing other people. And that is why we have the most bizarre ideologies and religions To this day, in places in the Muslim world, right? We have the most bizarre I already spoke about, I mean, religions and ideologies that we don't even believe were
Islamic. For example, the Guru's and the other ways, were very small groups, we don't view them as being Muslims, because they don't believe in in the kalama. And they don't pray they don't fast. And the other ways as we know, we're a small minority until the French came. We talked, I talked about this in the 1914 lecture, you remember the other ways, we're a small minority, and they were only attacked by the hood of one the other ways themselves became violent, otherwise, they live to their own and they were given they're basically just hands off, like, Don't Ask, Don't Tell type of policy, don't attack us, we want to attack you. And right now we're looking at what's happening with
the disease of Iraq, right. And the diseases are one of the most bizarre cults that emanated from within our religion, but then they broke away completely. They have nothing to do with Islam anymore. They don't even consider themselves Muslims, even though their share Id have been Muslim, was a righteous Sufi share. But when he died, they continue to just exaggerate and change and, and they have some bizarre ideology. Believe it or not, they actually believe that
shavon is
he repented from his sin and he is now worthy of being an intercessor between them and Allah or God. And so they worship shavonda talk, they call them the golden the golden, the golden peacock, they call them Athol what they call the golden peacock. And so they have this misnomer that there are satan worshippers, there's an element of truth and there's an element of exaggeration. They don't view shaytaan as being shaped on but they worship shaylen in some bizarre way, like right so
We're going to my tangent, you don't want to know but when maybe you don't know about your z, this was not the topic that was not used these right? That
no way we are this is new. This is news to me, wow.
Well then bring them we want to speak to them, if they convert to Islam, bring them on to speak to them and find out because I have never met in my life, a person of this belief, My point being the Z, these have existed. This idea of been MOSFET, he died around 532 or something digital, right? So that's around 1000 years ago. And it took like 100 years for them to develop and evolve. This is in the heartland of their busted caliphate. This isn't the heartland of their busted caliphate. And they were allowed to just be alone and do what they're doing. What does this demonstrate, historically speaking, I mean, look at the model dynasty, right, if the Mughal dynasty had attempted
to follow the strict Shafi position, they would have immediately cease to exist, the majority of the inhabitants were What? Hindu, right, and they allowed them to be as they are. And, and this is the standard hanafy position. So the point being that, and I say this, because these incidents of the process of destroying idols and whatnot, it is now being used in our times by these groups, firstly, to
destroy some sometimes things that are not idols. And
now, technically speaking, I want to be very blunt here. In an ideal Islamic State, you could not practice schilke publicly.
So, if you were of another religion, you will worship in the way you want to worship in your place of worship. And these idols that were destroyed were public idols. So there's a difference between a public icon of shirk, you have a public idol, right, versus the temples that are closed, and only the people of that religion come into that temple. Historically speaking, this is how it was he had existed in Muslim lands, that the people of other religions, they had their places of worship the Russians. From our perspective, they worship fire. Now, I say this. Zoroastrians don't agree with what I said. They don't say, they would say we're not worshipping fire. And from their perspective,
they don't consider it worship. From our perspective, when you present offerings, and you bow down, and you consider fire to be holy and whatnot. We call this a Baba. From our perspective, they are worshipping from their perspective, they say they don't worship, My point being the Islamic State allowed them to worship other than a law in their lands, but within their temples, they were not allowed to go public in this regard. So here we have an extremism that we see in our times of these groups that they want to destroy anybody that doesn't agree with them, and in our religion. Firstly, if you want to do this properly, you need to have authority in the land, you need to have statehood.
Our process of them didn't begin his that were by destroying the carpet, the the idols are on the cabinet, did he? Did he begin is that what by destroying the items on the cabinet? No, when did he destroy the idols, when he conquered Mecca? After 20 years of preaching, and these guys, they want to start from this exact point, when nobody will accept this from them. And then number two, they selectively apply they don't know properly, which thing to go and destroy our Profit System allowed. And the sharing allows the freedom of worship of other religions, if it is done in, in their own places of worship. And this is the standard position, the majority position, and also historically,
this is how the oma has always done it. I do not know of any case. Now maybe there could be some obscure case somebody will correct me. You know, next week, I do not know of any famous or well known case of an Islamic caliphate, destroying an entire ethnicity, an entire population, an entire religion, just because they disagreed with that religion. I don't know if any, are busted or made yet, Ottoman soldier. I've never heard of this in my study of history. Now, again, maybe there's one instance that proves the rule. But the general rule is what the oma tolerated the beliefs of other religions, as long as some conditions were met, and of those conditions is, and this is a common
sense condition. don't practice your * out in public don't have an idol in the town square and sacrifice to the idol in the town square. If you want to do something that goes against the worship of Allah azza wa jal, that's something in your own in your own religion, basically, then you do it within your own community, not in front of others. And I say this again, because these types of incidents are misused and abused by the modern groups in our times. And this is not, in my opinion, a correct understanding of the shediac Now we move on now to the Battle of two book, The Battle of the book and we'll spend inshallah a few weeks on the Battle of two book. Well, what are the names
of this battle? Why did it take place? When did it take place? That's what we're going to talk about inshallah with data today. The names of this battle two primary names, two primary names of this battle. Both of them are mentioned in the Hadith. One of them is referenced in the Quran, but not by the name of the battle, but rather as an incident as for the most
Prominent name it is because we're too close wanted to book the expedition of tabuk. Why? Because our Prophet sallallahu ala he was setting them himself said, as why they've been general reports that he had said that we went on the expedition with the Prophet says Adam, in the year of us wanted to book and we were combining our prayers load an asset and market of inertia until we came close. Then the Profit System said, tomorrow, you shall arrive at the well or the spring of the book, I need to book. So he used the phrase I need to book he called a place of land, a small body of water, I need to book and it means a spring, it's not a well, that's the Mr. missmiss incorrect
translation, it is a small spring. So tomorrow, you're going to arrive at the spring of the book. And you should arrive there at the hot time of the day. So make sure you do not touch its water until I get there. And we'll just discuss why the Sahaba had run out of water, they were extremely thirsty, they thought they were going to die, and that they were going to come to the book The next day. And the President said make sure you do not touch the water until you get there. So while I had said that, when we arrived, we saw a small slither of water, like the strap of a sandal just a small amount of water rather than the big iron. There was it had dried up, it was the heat of the summer.
And there's a small bit left. And we saw two men from our camp already having preceded us. So the process and I've asked them, have you touched its water? And they said yes. So the process in became angry at them. And he said, What's Allah wanted him to say this is why it's Hadith. He said what Allah wanted him to say. So why did not quote what the process of them said? Why
don't you just cover up, the process of them was irritated, he deserved to be irritated. He was angry at these two men for having disobeyed. And he said some harsh phrases. And more, I did not want to report these harsh phrases out of a demo. We're not gossip mongers, we're not titled tailors what happened happened, and you should know that the process and and rebuke them, but you don't need to know the words that he used. So my dad said, he said what Allah wanted him to say, then he commanded us to gather as much as we could have the water in one place. So whatever is the water to gather it in one place, then he washed his fat, his hands and face in that water. And then the water
began to gush out to spring forth, until all of us drank from that water. And there were probably 20,000 people or so. So from this small sliver, all of the army drank at the I need to book. And so because of this incident that the army was quite literally saved at a book, they were about to die out of thirst. So they were saved at the I need to book so the expedition became called the expedition of taboo. And this hadith is assigned Muslim, our Prophet says to them said, Omar, if it's only a matter of time, if you live long enough, this very land, you will see will be a land of greenery and gardens. So he said to live in Java, that this land of Walker, this place of the book
will become a land of greenery and SubhanAllah. When the process that I've said this, the book was in the middle of the desert, in fact, it was not a well known place, it was just a small oasis. Nobody lived there, you didn't have a civilization or a city around there. And today to book simply because our Profit System kept there. And Allah had willed it. And he predicted it, or the process and predicted it to book is now one of the largest cities in Arabia. It is in fact the largest city in northern Arabia. It's a stone's throw away from Jordan. And yes, the book used to be on the trading route between Sham and Medina, between Sham and Yemen. But nobody really lived into a book.
It was not a city or a town. But after the the Prophet systems time and early Islam, people began to congregate over there. Over time, it became more and more prestigious in 1655 City around 400 years ago, the Ottomans built a famous fortress, remnants of which still stand to this day. And then eventually, when the Ottomans built, the famous railroad and I talked about the railroad as well in my class 1914 talked about the famous railroad from Istanbul to
from Istanbul, to Medina, from Istanbul, to Medina. And of course, by the way from Istanbul, it was connected to Europe. So you could quite literally travel by rail, in the 1800s and early 1900s, anywhere in Europe to Medina. So
when the Ottomans connected
Istanbul, to Damascus to Medina, so they made the book one of the main stopping points, and therefore this increased the city of the book or the the, the dwelling of the book. Until now, somehow the book is one of the largest cities in Arabia.
It has a population of more than half a million people. And it is indeed a land of greenery and trees exactly as the process and predicted one of those amazing predictions that had it isn't a Muslim. And he told me that this land of the book, it's only a matter of time before it will be a land of greenery in a land of Jenan. Lots of Janet. And subtitle of the book these days is a resort. It's a very beautiful city. Has anybody been to a book? Have you been to the book on color? No, no, I've never had the opportunity to go up to the book. But it is I have been told that the very
oases that allegedly the process them drank from it is still green and Oasis right there. And it is still water in that place. I don't know I haven't been there. I have been told. And I've been told that also there's a mustard there that is called mosquito rasulillah. So some he didn't build it, but later people built to to basically demonstrate or commemorate the place that he was. Allah knows best, but this is what I've been told about the the place of to book. So this is the first name of the expedition. That was what two turbo cars what data book. The second name of the expedition, is Jason Rosaura.
The army have great difficulty JCL Rosaura, the army have great difficulty, and this is in fact the more common name amongst the Sahaba. The Sahaba referred to this as the JCL rousselot as the army of great difficulty, and emammal Buhari and his silent body. He In fact, when he talks about the chapter, the book of Syrah, he actually has the book of Syrah. Then he has all of the chapters Baba bothered by the book when he gets to the book, he says, because what is a book and it is the Rosaura so he has both names and the chapter heading it is the chapter of it is the expedition of Russa. Why was it called difficult? Why was it called the difficult expedition? Wasn't every battle of the
prophets are some difficult? Yes, indeed. But the Battle of the book was difficult in ways that none of the other battles were and the Battle of two books is significant. I'll just jump the gun and tell you and most of you know this. There was no actual battle into book. There was no actual clash of swords and and and armies meeting armies that didn't happen. yet. the difficulties of the book in some ways were much more difficult than any other quote unquote, battle. And so it was called the difficult buzz word. Even though there was no actual bloodshed, the armies did not meet. But what happened was so difficult to Sahaba almost died, maybe multiple times according to the narrations.
Why? Well, number of reasons. First and foremost, this was to be the largest army that Arabia had ever seen, up until that point in its entire history. Now, every time the battles are happening, we're getting bigger and bigger and bigger. And because what's your name? How many people remind me her name
between 10 to 12,000, right between 10 to 12,000, it was worth it to book it is estimated and the books mentioned figures that probably are larger than they can be some say up to 20 even 30,000 are mentioned. The point being this was the largest now we need to be a little bit careful here these numbers is human nature, nothing wrong with it to kind of sort of exaggerate so if in our gatherings for example, for person estimates how many people come for eat any we have 10,000 Mashallah seems like there's a while ago definitely wants to make it Mashallah 10,000, it's human nature, you see a large gathering, and you kind of sort of, you know, inflate the numbers a little bit, right? If it's
on your site, you want to do that. And then if it's the other side, if you don't like this group, so the classic example, by the way, when there's protests taking place, anywhere in the world, those who are supportive of the protests martial at the bottom of the zeros get added, right, those who are against the protests, the zeros get cut off, okay. And this is universal, and some handle is human nature. So nobody should say stop all of that, are you accusing the historians of lying, it's human nature, it's not lying. You see a large number, so and the Sahaba didn't have a checklist, they didn't go through the roster. 1234 when somebody saying 20,000, and he take it, you know, with
understanding, okay, means this a large number doesn't have to be exactly 20,000. Realistically, realistically, 20,000 seems like a too big of a number for that time in place. Nonetheless, it is, let us say the largest expedition ever mounted by our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. So it's large, when it's large, what does that mean? Why would that be difficult?
resources, logistics, food, water, right. So all of this comes into play. Also, the
the facilitator book, it took place, late July, late July, it took place so it is
The hottest time of the year where temperatures rise around 110 115 degrees Fahrenheit in Medina, for those of you who have been live there for 10 years, it is just surreal the amount of heat that that is in the summer over there, you cannot function at all. And that's why it is the habit of the people in those regions. They don't work between the hood and acid, they just stay inside, they have a siesta. And then they work again after us. You cannot work in such heat. So it took place in late July. Also, because what the book is the furthest distance the process that I've traveled as a prophet with an army, of course, he traveled to Jerusalem in Israel, our methodology, that's a
separate thing. In his youth, he traveled to what if it with his uncle, if the story is valid, he traveled to Syria as well. But as the leader of an army, this was the furthest distance he ever traveled. So he is leading an expedition for away from Medina, probably 1000 miles away, around 1000 miles away from Medina. And this is being they're walking in the desert sun in July to go to to book also, going to the book and coming back would have taken more than a month, at least 25 days or so. And August is harvest season. August is harvest season right after the summer is going to be the harvest season. So if they wanted to book, they would not be able to harvest the crops. And we need
to realize one thing, which is very bizarre for most of us to even imagine.
Most people for most of their lives humanity before the era of modern jobs, did not know how much money they would make every month.
We are accustomed something called a salary. We know how much we're going to make exactly every month will lie. This is a blessing from Allah, the likes of which we cannot understand the majority of humanity for most of his existence, lived day to day, week to week, month to month just not knowing what's going to happen. And there were certain seasons that you stored up for multiple years, if you could, and the number one season was harvest season. If you owned a farm, obviously, but even if you didn't harvest season was the time of money, why
labors? People need to do things right. So for the entire agrarian society of Medina, it was an agrarian society for the entire agrarian society of Medina. harvest season is basically your paycheck not for the month for the year.
This was the biggest amount of money that would come to them would be in this harvest season. And now they're being told Sorry, guys, tough luck. No nothing you're gonna have to go leave your your harvest, leave everything and then come back, you know, late August and and you will not get that big paycheck. This isn't the bonus paycheck. This is their hand to mouth. This is their daily bread. So this was obviously another test that they had to do. And then of course, the primary issue is that what happened in this in this expedition was that the army ran out rations that there was too many people too many mouths to feed and they ran out of even water and it is narrated or mono hot.
Bob was asked by Eben Ibis and others that tell us about the issue of the of the rooster what happened in the expedition of difficulty. So he said, we left with the Prophet system into book to the book in extremely hot weather. And we reached a place where we fell so thirsty, we thought that our throats would collapse me he was an Arabic expression, we would die, and people went out in search of water, but they came back even more tired and hungry and thirsty, nothing left. They're literally about to die. Some people sacrifice their camels in order to squeeze the water out of the sack of the camel. Now, I have never seen or done or tasted this but I'm assuming that is a very
disgusting and bitter thing. And it will probably bring you more salt than than water. But nonetheless, they were so desperate they killed their camels. Now when you kill your camel What does that mean?
You have to walk the way back the walk the entire way back right so they decided to kill their camels in order to squeeze whatever juice they could out of the the the the the sack of water that the camel has, until finally Abu Bakar pleaded with the Prophet so seldom that Yasuda Allah make dua for us like we need a miracle. Basically, we need a miracle. Now, can you imagine the state of affairs where they're literally you know, they think they're going to die in this regard to which the prophets of Salaam said if you wish, and he raised his hands, and
Bob said that he did not bring his hands down until the skies began to pour rain. So this is another miracle and we have talked about these miracles many times. This is another instance where immediately as soon as the process and raised his hands, clouds came and aroma
said that we were able to fill all of our canisters and containers with that rainwater. Now, by the way, this also shows us a very interesting thing. The prophet SAW Selim did not rely upon miracles.
He sees the Sahaba at the very verge of death.
But it was a boubakeur that had to prod him, he had a pseudo love, please, for the sake of why, because how this is what you call out to be as bad. You this what you call, you have to take the means he is or a pseudo Asus, and he's going to get miracles, of course, but he doesn't want to just rely on them. He wants to teach all of us are listening, that you have to struggle to get to the goal. And this is the reality throughout the Sierra, that the process of had to struggle, brotherhood we see how desperate I zap look at the very end, yes, the miracle comes, it does come but not at the beginning. Only after struggle only after sacrifice. And in this in Sharla is the
lesson for us as well. Maybe our miracles will not be as blatant maybe one of us cannot just raise our hands and then it will start raining. But we'll look at the true believers who follow the path of the Prophet so seldom, they will see such many miracles maybe not to this level, things will happen to them in their personal lives, that they will see for themselves. If they put in the struggle, if they put in the effort and they taste the bitterness of the struggle, then Allah xojo will bless them in the end. So for all of these reasons, it was called JCL arrastra the difficult jaysh and the Quran References This indirectly in the hora in a verse in the Quran that allows oh
just says the pata de la vida nibi will Mahajan what on Sati alladhina terbaru. Who fee Salah it Rosaura that Allah has accepted the repentance of the Prophet system and the Mahajan on the unsought those who followed him at the time of difficulty. So I hear we translate as at the time of difficulty, those who followed him at the time of difficulty This is pseudo doba verse 117, pseudo tober verse 117.
So Allah called it FISA, I didn't realize at the time of Rosaura, and that is what the name of the book is. But Tada, who is the main student, have we been abuzz? He commented on this verse, this verse refers to the Battle of satin Ursula, it refers to the Battle of Tupac, they left towards Syria in the blazing summer, and they were tested severely. So much so that it is mentioned that two or more people were rationed one date per day,
two or more people were given one date as the ration per day. And they would split that date amongst themselves. However many they would split it up. And then they would take the date pit and suck on it, one after the other, to get some taste, and to be able to get some, I mean, maybe it's imaginary nourishment, but in mates, it's better than, than nothing. So Qatada said, Allah then accepted their repentance and allow them to come back home, meaning that allows which would raise the ranks and brought and brought that home. And therefore these are the two primary names of this expedition, the expedition of tabuk, and the Jaish Alyssa the army of difficulty, and explain why each one is called
which one did this take place. It took place in the month of Rajab, in the ninth year of the hedgerow, six months, exactly six months after the siege of automotive. And if you calculate this out, in our modern times, it's basically late July, or maybe early August is when it took place late July or maybe early August. That would be the Roger of the 90 of the hitter, and so we understand why it would be so hot now.
Why did was what it's a boot take place? What are the reasons for this war? What were the causes of loss what to do book? To be honest, this is something that
I have not found a satisfactory answer after teaching Cyril many, many times and just glossing over this, I have not found a very clear cut answer.
And I have come to a conclusion that inshallah I will share today. But firstly, what are some of the reasons mentioned by the classical scholars of Syrah? Some of them are outright bizarre, some of them we can just dismiss immediately. For example, if an attacker one of the famous historians he reports and this report is mentioned by bunco and urban Katia, he reports that the hood enticed the prophets, Allah set them to go up to Syria, they they goaded him, they tried to basically trick him to go into Syria. And they said to him, if you are a true prophet, then you must go to a sham, because a sham is the land of the prophets. And a sham is the land of mashup of Judgment Day. So
according to this report, the hood wanted to get rid of the process of being in Medina and send them on some, you know, goose chase of an expedition so that he abandons Medina so that they could then get rid of the
Muslims and according to this report, this is why Allah revealed in the Quran, pseudo Islam, verse 76, we're in kaddu layer stuff is gonna come in and out the local Jew come in half way they live within Africa, Canada, we're in Canada do they stuff is gonna come in and out, they try their best and they almost have succeeded in getting rid of you from the land. They have almost succeeded in getting rid of you from the land. But if they were to succeed in getting rid of you, then they themselves would only last for a short while before Allah destroys them. So this verse in certain Islam, it is said by alien attack and others was revealed, because they are who tried to trick the
Prophet system and send him up to north to the land of a sham. But this simply cannot be true for multiple reasons. Who can tell me some of the reasons number one
there's no yahood left, that's number one. There are no more yahood left in Medina or the surrounding areas of Medina number two.
It's really in. Can you wait, can we imagine our process and I'm just listening to something like this. Just like a such a blatant trick. That doesn't make any sense. Number three
it's a little bit more advanced this one
pseudo israa
so machimura.
So how can we refer to those woods to book so murky Sura has nothing to do with rotatable. Okay. So, this this reason, really we just dismiss it. Other reasons are given that perhaps might be more plausible.
One reason given is that, and this is mentioned by a half they'll hate me and as much of it so other than other books that the Romans were sending an expedition to battle the Muslims that the Romans were sending an army to battle the the Muslims. And according to this narration, the chieftain of the Masonic Arabs, the lowest standards were northern Arabs, the northernmost Arabian tribe that bordered the Roman Empire. And over the course of the last centuries, they had converted to Christianity. So the lesson is, we're one of the Christian Arab tribes, and they had a very cozy relationship with the Emperor with the Caesar.
And it is reported in this narration, that the the chief of the sonnets sent a message to the Caesar of Rome, that he wants to attack Medina, or according to one report that the process is dead, which was a false report as a fake report and send an army so that we can attack Medina. So according to this report, 40,000 Roman troops were sent to, to book or at least were sent down and the process and went up to battle them. Now. Again, I'm a little bit more critical and whatnot. Firstly, the the narration itself, it doesn't need to be authentic in terms of it's not. Secondly, the Romans. Really, it is not conceivable to imagine them sending 40,000 troops to battle, the Arabs because
they didn't care about the Arabs, they didn't pose any threat to them, where they, they weren't interested in oil back then. Okay. And there's no reason for the Roman Empire to send a massive Legion down south, it's really nonsensical. If they wanted to conquer the Arabs, they could have done it at any time of the last three 400 years. So this also seems a little bit
you know, bizarre, and it doesn't seem to be very true. Another report given is that
the sonnets themselves were the target and not the Romans. The son is themselves were the targets and not the Romans, and that there was a threat that the Hassan is would attack Medina. Now there seems to be some basis. There's some whisperings in this era of the validity of this. For example, when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam
took a month off from his wives, if you remember the story about there was some marital disputes happening and the Profit System cut off from his wife's for one month, if you remember, and he went and he lived in the masjid.
We didn't talk about the story, and inshallah, when we finished the Sierra, we'll just quickly go back and do the Omaha 2 million quickly. We don't have that much narrations about them, whatever we have, we'll do them the mothers of the believers and whatever stories we have about them, and we'll talk about this story as well. That for one month, the prophet SAW they send them he cut off from his wives and he stayed in the masjid because the the the almohads the the mothers of the believers were demanding bigger houses and more money and whatnot. And then Allah revealed in the Quran that incontinent did not hire to do
was enough to have if you want this world and all that it has fatality income, and I will give you as much as you want. And I'll let you go and you live your own life. But if you want to learn his messenger and the final, and the final job, then this is what I have to offer me meaning I'm not going to give you a luxurious life now, in that narration, in that narration
narrates the story that his co worker, his colleague, his friend came running to him rushing and he said, something's happened. Something's happened. And Homer jumped up and he said, has the king of the vasanas attacked yet?
And the man said, No, something worse than this. The processor has divorced all his wives.
Now, this turned out to be a bit of exaggeration. He didn't divorce them. He.
He says that he basically separated for a month. But the point being what did Omar say what was he worried about?
Has the king of the Hassan is attacked yet? So the shows us there's some whiff of the Hassan is having a threat there being a threat. We've also seen in the past that the standards have caused issues, they have killed the messenger of the messenger, they did some some very harsh things. So perhaps this is a semi legitimate reason. But if this is the case, the question really needs to be asked why the month of July, if you want to take revenge, the lesson is, if you want to tag the lesson is the lesson is not going to come down in July, it's too hard for anybody to do it. So why the month of July. And this really only leads us. And by the way, there's also the claim here that
the processor wanted to get revenge for what had happened in motor and in the other
master crews and up north with the tribes that did the master cruise, and the Hassan has had helped those tribes. So he wants to take the revenge, also the death of Jafar as well, so he wants to get revenge at the death of Jaffa. But once again, the question that needs to be asked why now, this can wait until January? Why do we need to go right? When the season is ripe? The harvest is coming in the desert heat is at its climax, why do we want to go at this point in time? And really this only leaves us one logical answer. And that's the one that I have to come with. And that is it was a command from a law to test the believers, that there doesn't seem to be an immediate threat is what
I'm trying to say. When you read the Syrah when you read the classical books, there's nothing that indicates an immediate threat, neither from the Romans nor the ascendance. So what it appears to be the case and Allah knows best we cannot go back and but whatever it seems to be the case is that this was a test from Allah, a direct commandment from Allah that could not be obeyed, disobeyed, and our prophets are seldom told the Sahaba you have to go and fight. And there is no questioning once he's given the command, then there is no questioning. And perhaps there is some evidence for this in the Quran. And this is the opinion not exactly this opinion, but something similar to it is really
the opinion of Eben casita and Alibaba we, they base this on sort of the Toba verse 123, sort of the Toba verse 123. Yeah, you will learn in a minute or two larina Luna community Safari, what do you do?
Oh, you who believe
do cater to those who are surrounding you, your Luna come, those who are surrounding you have the co founder and let them find you to be strict in your battle strict and your plated. Now, a property himself and he's the earliest professor that we have of poverty himself says that this verse was the verse that commanded the Prophet system to fight the neighboring Arabs. And once he's done with the Arabs, to turn his attention up north to the Romans. So this is sudut A Toba and so that the toboe was revealed pretty much all of it in the facilitator book. So perhaps it is as if this verse came down, and our profits are understood. And of course, he understands what is intended by Allah, our
process of understood, Allah has commanded me to go up north now that I have conquered all of the central Arabs and really, the rest of the Arabs are going to follow there's no major threat left from within the Arabian Peninsula, other than the sun is way up north. And the asanas are a threat not because of the Hassan is, but because of their connection with the Romans, with the connection with the Romans. So it is as if Allah commanded our Prophet system to go and fight those who are neighboring them, calculated into your Luna come those who are neighboring one after the other, go and fight. And so I will process them understood this to be the, the Romans. And what would add to
this interpretation is that alacrity the famous, the famous authority of the Sierra, he mentioned that the Prophet system sent out
messengers to the neighboring tribes, even
Makkah, requesting them to send all able bodied men to fight with him, and that he did not hide where he was going. Unlike every other battle, he hit it. He didn't tell them what's happening. But the Battle of the book, he was open, everybody knew what's going on. So this is not a surprise attack. This is an all out if you like military expedition, everybody knows where the process of is going. And he's calling people from around even the new converts from Mecca and all of the surrounding tribes. He's bringing them forth. And what really in my opinion seals the the the the interpretation to be this one is that if you read surah Toba cover to cover as soon as the Toba is
one of the longest words in the Quran, by the way, even though it is the ninth surah it's actually one of the longest suitors in the Quran. If you read through the Toba cover to cover.
Never is the command for Qatar and Jihad given so bluntly as it is a sort of the top as soon as the Toba is all about clarity to book and so Allah azza wa jal is commanding in a manner that you will not find anywhere in the Quran. And that's why suited adobo has also caused a little kitten. It's also one of the names This is doba this little kitten, because it is all about photography. Check it out, and look at what Allah azza wa jal says. For example, in suta Toba Yeah, you will live in a mono monochrome either cleaner comun ferrovie sebelah his ultimate out out old lead to bad hair to dunya minute after summer metalhead jr for active in Laughlin oh you who believe what is the
problem? Why what is the problem the modicum when it is said to you in futile go ahead for unexpected expeditions and influence the term that the process was using that I need you to go out what is the matter with you when you are told to go forth? Your bodies feel heavily attracted to the ground is ultimately out? Right out all lead to a bit higher to dunya middle Akira Are you more content with this dunya then the next and so what is the comparison of this world with the next except for a small bit in turn futile? If you don't go forth, you are living kumada been a Lima Allah will punish you a severe punishment. We are sub Coleman later come and Allah will bring
another oma besides you another con besides you and they will not be like you. That's very strict. You have to go Why aren't you going if you don't go Allah will punish you. If you don't go you're going to be gotten rid of another oma will come after you and also in the same surah in federal hip hop and with your color go forth. Whether you have something whether you have lots or whether we have nothing so far from what's your color means whether you're heavily armed, whether you're not armed at all, go forth whatever state you're in safe, have fun with your pilot. And also Allah subhana wa tada says that about the moon I feel Kuhn lowchen Otto dunkery been was suffering Casa de
la Luca wala can borrow the Dalai Lama Shaka, that if there was lots of money, and the distance was short, the hypocrites would have come with you. But they couldn't stand the strenuous journey, it was too much for them. And they will swear to you that if we were able to participate, we would have participated, you lacuna and foster home, while La Jolla shadow in the home Locascio Boone, Allah is testifying that they are liars. And by these lies, they are destroying themselves. Now, if you look at all of these verses, and by the way, these verses are always used by the jihadist groups, right. And there's nothing wrong with using verses and by anybody. Anytime The problem comes these groups,
they cut and paste these verses, as if they apply only to their particular cause. And this is a big problem. The only time a verse can apply to a specific cause is for the cause that came down. And any other time you have to use it with the disclaimer might apply might not apply. Right? You see my point here, that Allah revealed this surah when, for which expedition for tabuk, nobody can now take a verse and then apply it to a particular expedition and say, if you don't go on this expedition, Allah will punish you. You understand what I'm saying? Right? That type of specificity can only be done for when the verses came down. All of these verses are valid, and will lie there will be many
expeditions in the past into the future, where these verses will have some legitimacy, but you are not allowed to and this is one of the things that these groups do. You are not allowed to cut Quran and Hadith, then apply it only for your situation such that it was revealed just for you know, it was revealed for battle of taboo and the bluntness of encouraging people to go for it out into book. You will not find it for any other battle. And I won't I don't have time in these lectures to read all of the Toba for you but please one of the things of the Sierra and that i'm doing i reconnect you with the Quran. And I want you to read Sula to toe by now when you get a chance with this in
mind with the incense
have tabuk in mind, you will find the strictness and the bluntness of going for qatal of encouraging jihad, you will not find it in any other surah. So, in my humble opinion, and Allah knows best, it seems to me that the primary reason for us were to to book was not because of something physical in the world, not because of armies, or expeditions, or sun or the Romans, it was because Allah told them to, and the Sahaba were put to a test. And a lot of Georgian wanted to test them. Now, why did Allah want to test them? Well, for many reasons, one of them to raise the ranks one of them to test their email, and one of them to prepare them for the future has a word that would expand Islam after
the death of the Prophet. So I said, because this was the final husband. This is it colosse there's no husba after the husband, it's a book that the Prophet system participated in, right after this the process went to a four hedge, he fell ill, and then we're gonna come to the end of this era, then what happened? Abu Bakar Omar earthman, the Omega is their beginning. So it is as if was what to to book was a test so that they pass it so that they then move on to make the omo what it was, a lot of this is my two cents, take it or leave it. But this is what I see to be the case. If you look at the context and the story, there's no threat. It is a commandment from Allah merely to test the
Sahaba. And that is why no battle took place. There's no need for a battle, they passed the test, they showed that they had the determination. In fact, the battle is easier than what they had to undergo, right to give up all that they had to do. And so with all of this, as we said, it seems as if the Prophet system was commanded by Allah and the Sahaba, were put to the test. And therefore,
the Sahaba passed this test with flying with flying colors. And that is why the process of did not hide where he's going. That is why he made it public. That is why he called out for all of the Sahaba to come. So it was followed the iodine, for every single healthy male to participate in those were to double fold line.
This is not like butter, which was voluntary. This was not like other battles. This was followed by and you had to do it. If you were an adult male, the only person who was it who was excused was somebody who was genuinely sick or had very extenuating circumstances, we're going to come to this point, right? So what other battle was it that every able bodied Muslim, from around Medina, even from Mecca, you have to come and you have to participate? It is to me, clear and Allah knows best that this was a test for all of the Sahaba so that when they pass this test in sha Allah to Allah, they can then in the future, after the process will move on. They have now the Eman the faith, the
courage they have now what they need to go on and and basically expand the Islamic oma.
I'll have so much left here. Just one quick point to shout out and then we'll open the floor for questions. Also, there's some announcements that needed to be made as well, that
therefore when the process of understood the need for
having this expedition, the first thing that he did, he began to collect the funds, he began to collect the funds for the expedition. And he would stand on the member and encourage people to give whatever they had. So Sahaba would come and somebody would have a bag of gold, somebody would have some coins somebody would have whatever it was until the piles began to form in the masjid. And our prophets are some gave a very beautiful encouragements, whoever finances the JCL Ursula, he shall be given gender. If you help in financing JCL surah, you will be given gender, whatever you can help out with. That's a beautiful blessing and praise, whoever finances Jason, Ursula will be given
gender. And so the Sahaba began to donate whatever they could. And, of course, we all know the famous story, the lion's share of the donation one to Earth might have been a fan of the alota Allah and who that it had just so happened that around 100 camels have his head returned from an expedition up north. And so he had just got back all of these goods. And when he heard this Hadith, that whoever finances Jason Ursula, he shall be given gender. So Earth money, but I found donated all of that money. And this was in the 1000s of gold coins. He donated all of that money, and he gave it to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. And the Prophet says, Adam had all of this pile
of gold just from this man in front of him. And he began flipping all of this coin around in his hands. And he said, Well law he mount Dora with man, my father by the young, that will law whatever man does after today, it is not going to harm him after what he has done. Now, whatever he has done after today, it will not harm him and Subhanallah this hadith which is in Bukhari, and Muslim
With money, but I found himself used it when these new hot objects were around his own house, and they had surrounded him, and he did not know they were going to kill him. But this wasn't one of the things that do you not know. And he'd been a boss as well used it to defend Earth man. And I found that do not know our Profit System said, whatever your complaints are, whatever your your fabricated complaints, or your imaginary complaints are, don't you know your own resources that have said that whatever this man does, will not harm him, if he the process of them said that, who are you to have these long lists of complaints that you don't like his governor, you don't like this, you don't like
that? Who are you to complain when a process that I'm said whatever he does, will not be harmful to him. So this hadith was given at the incident of a book. And also over here, the famous story of a book on almost competition as well to place that Rama immediately went home thinking that today, finally, I can beat aboubaker, because I heard this hadith directly from the process of them, whoever finances Jason Ursa shall be given gender. And so Bob took half of his wealth, and he gave it to the Prophet solo, send them. And I realized, again, this is half of his wealth, the rest of the half is for his wife and children. So obviously, it's nothing wrong with this. I mean, somehow,
you're not even required to give half of your world this is the process of did not say you have to give everything you said you have to come, what was hard was to go physically with him. As for money, whatever could a person can afford. And imagine giving half of your wealth, not knowing when the next is going to come? Remember, there's no paychecks here, and you have to give up your your paycheck for the season. So number of law, pop gave up half of his entire wealth that he possessed. And when Abu Bakar came with what he had, and it was more the Profit System said, Yeah, but what did you leave for your family? What did you leave? Looks like you bought everything, and I will workers
that I left them a lot in His Messenger, I left them alone is messenger, that's enough, Allah will take care of them. Right. So Bob said that I give up, I'm not going to compete with you again, after today, no way I can compete with that type of tawakkol. So this was also in the hospital book, that famous instance as well. And our Profit System gathered more money for the expedition than he had for any other expedition. Now, boundless beautiful point here that six months previously, he had at his disposal, all the money he needed.
Six months previously has just as the honeymoon of Hurricane and tarrif right, but he used it all feasibility and nothing was left in his own pocket or in the pocket of the Treasury, nothing and therefore one and that was his methodology. So I sent him he did not leave anything and everything needs to be the law, everything. So this had to be refinanced for the Cosworth data book, and
eventually the funds ran out and began to dwindle down, and inshallah we'll just finish on one final narration inshallah and then open the floor for some questions that Musashi narrates
that his tribe sent him to collect some camels to go for those woods he to book why, because you need camels to go. You cannot just walk to the book, you need camels and you share either every through every two people will share a camel. So have almost a sub tribe, sends him as an emissary and says okay, we have this many people, we need camels. So I will Moosa says, I arrived and I did not realize that the Prophet system was the man who was in an angry state, I did not know this. Now, why was he angry? This narration does not say most likely it was because of what's happening with the one afternoon, which we'll talk about inshallah. Tomorrow or not tomorrow, next week, or the
week after that there was a major issue with them when I feel most likely This is what is troubling our prophecy seller. So I came in I didn't realize the process of was in a state of anger. So I asked him, but he didn't have anything. And he said, Well, law he I will not give you anything to travel upon. Like that's a slightly harsh way to say it. Well, Moosa wants to come. He wants to go. And the President said, Well, I'm not going to give you anything to travel upon. So he says, I returned, distressed, did not realize I didn't know he was angry for something else. And I thought I might have done something wrong. He is angry with me. He's irritated at me. I went back and I told
my, my tribe that
our Profit System said such and such that he's not going to give us anything. And I do not know why. And then barely had any time passed when Bilal came. And Bilal said to me, the process of his calling you. So I'm almost I came, and the profitsystem said, Take these two camels, and then these two and then these two and he's giving them six candles, total of six candles. I have just purchased them from sad. So what had happened obviously was that some money had come and so he purchases six candles, he remembers herbal Moosa needed the candle
He gives them to him. So the process of registering who is coming and what they want, and he then fulfills this, what this also shows is that
when you give an oath, and you don't mean it, the oath is not considered valid. Because he said, Well law here, I'm not going to give you anything. Why did he say this cuz he didn't have anything, he did not have anything. So there's nothing to give him. And we use the phrase will law he as an expression, and sometimes we use it as a genuine person. And it is obvious from the context. One is the two. So for example,
you want to go and eat over here? Well, I don't want to go there.
You don't mean like you're swearing by a law, you're never gonna go there. It's just an expression, you know? Well, I really don't feel like going over there right now. Whereas in a serious state, and somebody has accused you of let's say, You're lying or something, while law he I am not lying to you. Now when you say it, you mean it? And there's a clear context. And Allah says in the Quran, law you are Hello como la who below with a monochrome what can you do can be up to a man, Allah does not call you to task for the law, who for the vain times that you give the a man a man means they will lie, but rather Allah will call you to task for that which you are strict and firm about. And our
prophet SAW said him as a human being and things are happening that sometimes perturb him make him angry, the Arabic word used is called the ban. And sometimes he will take it out in a manner that almost I did not understand. But it wasn't because of his fault. And therefore, when the money came, and he's able to purchase it, he gave it to almost Shadi but our Moosa wanted to confirm because the process of had sworn will law, you're not going to give it to me. And now he is giving him the camels. So he was a bit confused now. So he brought he took his tribesmen and he wanted to clarify that you use the possum and now you're giving me the camels and there's the issue or whatnot. So it
was explained to him that No, it's all right. You can take the camels and the shows us the consciousness of the conscience of a moose and the Sahaba they felt awkward, like taking the camel now that the person has been given and the process was said, I'm not going to give you anything then he gave him and so he had to be explained what happened here and that is that the process of did not have any money. And so he said I'd have nothing to give you and he came out in a way that sounded a little bit different than it then it should have and so when the money came, the cameras were purchased and given over to a boy you Sorry to have Mr. Shadi and inshallah with that, we will pause
for today and continue inshallah Tada. Next, next ones David and Tada.