History of al-Andalus #02

salaam aleikum wa rahmatullah wa barakato. Al hamdu. lillahi Rabbil alameen wa Salatu was Salam O Allah Nabila, Karim Allah Allah, he was heavy h marine. So welcome back to Islam intensive Muslim history, the second part on our history of Al Andalus, Islamic Spain. And this will be our final lesson before Ramadan, we will then take a four to five week break for the month of Ramadan.

I personally prefer taking a break in Ramadan, so I can focus on my ibaadat. And I hope you all do the same as well. It also gives you a time to catch up with some of the lectures that you missed out on, or to repeat any of those that you may need to brush up on. But ideally, you know, this is a time for a budget. And so I'm taking on a lighter workload for the month of Ramadan. So this conclusion on the history of Islamic Spain will be our final lesson for now.

I will only listen for the month of April. And we will continue with this program at some point in May, perhaps the week after eat or the week after that, depending on quarter Allah, whatever Allah wills to happen. And

he will then continue with the history of the other empires, like the fatimids, the Mongols, the Ottomans, the AU bees, the safavid, we still have quite a few empires to go through before we conclude with this program. So I'm hoping that this program on Muslim history will take us all the way into at least July, because we really have that much content still to cover. So with that, let's jump into today's topic. So last week, we looked at Muslim Spain under those particularly we looked at omit Spain. So Muslims ruled over Spain for 700 years. And this is a part of our history that often completely forgotten about, even though the peak of omiya at Spain, was the true golden age of

the Muslim Empire. That was the absolute best that this oma had reached as far as worldly accomplishments was considered the at some point in time, or rather, during the reign of Abdul Rahman, the third, in specific

the Muslims of Spain, were the most advanced civilization on earth in every possible way. Religion we still are, but also economically, politically, culturally, scientifically. And in any other way you can think of it was the most important place on Earth.

So what happened?

What happened to make Islamic Spain go from the peak of human civilization to something that doesn't even exist anymore, and that most Muslims are not even aware of anymore.

That's what we're going to cover today. So last week's history was the nice part last week's history was the, the part of the history of Muslims pain that we feel proud of, you know, that I that we longed for, and wish we could go back and live in that era. And we wish we could, you know, experience it and see for ourselves. What are we going to cover today is the dark part of the history, the stagnation and decline and eventual collapse of Muslim Spain. And this did not happen overnight. This is also a 300 to 400 year process, where the Muslim of Spain go through a few periods of rising false, none of which lasts longer than 100 years. And so it's a time of

instability. It's a time of difficulty, and it eventually ends in complete bloodshed and chaos.

You look back at Muslim Spain. It's a place that has produced some of the greatest thinkers and scholars in history of Islam.

from one of my favorite tafsir scholars, they are called to be to the great Zawahiri fixed color even has them to philosophers that even rushed and many many other amazing intellectuals came from this place and this time

but

what happens is that when a society reaches its peak and especially when its peak is that good, where you literally have all of this world leader at your feet,

it is very easy to fall from them. It is very easy to lose all of it to take it for

Rather than to lose all of it, and we have to remember that for the bulk of Muslim history, Muslims assumed

that by default, if they conquer a land, it's going to stay under Muslim rule until the end of time.

This was the assumption of Muslims living in the world at a time.

Because up until this point in our history, any land that the Muslims conquered,

became Muslim lands permanently. Right. So the Muslims conquered Syria, they conquered Iraq, and he conquered Egypt, or conquered Morocco. All of these lands are still predominantly Muslim lands today.

Spain was the first time in our history where Muslims conquered a land. And a few centuries later, they completely lost it. It was a wake up call for the oma, which sadly, the mother did not heed that wake up call. because later on a few 100 years later, we would lose everything

in World War One.

But if you go back to that time, imagine you are someone living in Spain, in the time of the marriage, and you have everything in this world, you have money, you have power, you have technology, you have science, you have

education, you have peace, you have everything you want.

You would not think that Allah is going to take this away from you and give it to somebody else. Mainly because you're a Muslim, everybody else's coffee. Right? It never crossed their minds that if Muslims were not appreciative will Allah has given them Allah would take it away from them and give it back to the disbelievers. This didn't cross the mind of the majority of Muslims. And that's one of the reasons why the oma has fallen in so many parts of the world. And Spain was the first major one to fall. So what happened first,

last we spoke, we said that the media empire, it came to an end with people fighting over power. So that began a period of time known as moluccas power if the fractured kingdoms, right or the mini kingdoms ministates, I think that that's, that's a better definition of English ministates. So essentially, what happened was, when the damage loss power, Al Andalus, split into many states, and for the next 40 years, each of these states were at war, each claiming to be, you know, the rule of the rule of each state claim to be the rule of Al Andalus. To like Cordova became its own state, and each of the other places became their own state. And the Muslims fell into a period of civil war,

known as the period of munakata wive Kings of provinces and always look back at this and find it so fascinating that we look at the parallel of the downfall of Islamic Spain and where we are today, that Spain, Muslims conquered it. They ruled it. It peaked English, Richard Golden Age, and then it's split into many states, the oma as a whole grew conquest, peak, Golden Age. And where are we today? Where are we today as the oma as a whole, many states, what was once the Ottoman Empire is now dozens of different countries, each claiming to be the ruler of their own land, some smallest one or two cities, many states, it happened on a local level with Spain, it's happening now on the

global level. What will happen next, perhaps will happen extra Spain, or perhaps something else Allah knows best. But it's very fascinating to see how history repeats itself, you just have to look for the patterns.

So

when the Muslims started fighting each other, the Christians, of course took advantage of that, why wouldn't they? They want the land back. Right? They did not stop seeing Muslims, as foreigners in their land. They did not stop seeing Muslims as conquerors. They did not stop, stop seeing Muslims as the other.

For the for the for the European powers at that time, are particularly the Christians in France and Spain.

Muslims were the enemy. So when Muslims were fighting each other, of course, they were going to step in and take advantage of that. And so they began to form challenge to form alliances with different Muslim kings against other Muslim kings to plot and plan to get the Muslims to be in a state of constant war with each other, hoping that this would destroy what was left

of Muslim Spain. And he might have worked. And again, this is something is happening today.

We have the same thing happening today with America. And these other Western powers align with Saudi Arabia and the UAE, against Yemen and Palestine, whoever else, what's going on you. We have munakata wife on a global scale, global scale. We have the disbelievers on a global scale. We have the same alliance in a global scale. And the goal is the same, to make Muslims fight each other and to hope that this brings about the end of the Empire all together.

But that's not what happened with Spain. Spain would remain a Muslim land for another 300 years, Allah had other plans, and we hope that Allah has other plans for this as well. So, the

rescue of Spain came at the hands of the leader of the Morabito movement, use of even Kashi. And he is the one who managed to reestablish Spain as a Muslim land. But Spain was now no longer and individual country with its own leader, it was now an extension of Morocco, right? Because the Morabito were at that point in time, the Muslim empire that were ruling over Morocco and North Africa. So the history of the Empire is very fascinating. That essentially, it started off in the

he started off in Morocco, as a group of, of scores of scholars and students of knowledge, who their goal was the revival of Islamic knowledge in that in that area. And they eventually took over all of North and Western Africa, ruling Morocco and all those other lands and Spain as well. I should say capital was in Marrakech in

Morocco, and I would highly recommend, you know, learning a bit more about about this foundation, because essentially, this movement started with a single scholar, moving to Morocco and starting a small study circle.

And his students became political leaders and scholars at the same time, and they established a state in their part of the world, which again, you know, this is this is at that point where the,

with the Abbas injury week, and people in North Africa and West Africa, were not a priority. They were being neglected by by what was left of the vast empire. They needed their own leader, they needed their own Empire, and so far amongst them rose up a powerful dynasty called the Morabito.

And this dynasty took over all of the of that part of Africa. And then the news reached their leader use of even tashfeen the news which him that the Christians are plotting to take over Spain. And if you don't do anything about it, this is it. We are going to lose this land to the disbelievers.

So use of even tashfeen led an army of 60,000 people into Spain, he defeated the forces of the Christians and the allies, and he annexed Spain and made it part of the Morabito Empire. And so Spain was now saved from leaving Islam and it became

a part of this empire. Now, the Morabito didn't last long, right as the Empire it lasted about 107 years very small Empire. That's probably one of the reasons why you don't know about it is that it was a very tiny empire in terms of how long it lasted compared to the Abbas's diomedes the Ottomans 107 years is a very, very short period of time.

And

this conquest of Spain takes place towards the tail end of the rabbit

rule, right? So the Morabito in the end up not really ruling Spain for very long but what the conquest did do was that it gave Spain a chance to survive

and perhaps a chance to turn things around, and the chance to regrow in a chance to return to normalcy.

But

that's not what ended up happening.

So

De Morabito, Dave, a Maliki

empire in North Africa. And they established Spain. You know, I would say I want to say they established upon the Maliki mother, but the reality is even on the diomedes, Spain is already a molecule. And so, you know, that's probably one of the reasons why it was easy for them, to accept them or between as the leaders.

So after use of even tashfeen passed away,

his son Ali, he ruled for a while as well. And then what happened after that was that the Murrah bitone lost the entire Empire, all of North and West Africa and Spain. His entire Empire was taken over in a coup by a new movement from North Africa called the moi.

And so,

as North Africa, switch from being a more hobbit Empire to a wide Empire, the same thing happened with Islamic Spain. But the Morabito are important. It's important for us to know the role that they played in our history in both the history of Africa and the history of Spain. In Spain, we know that they were responsible for preventing Spain from becoming a Christian country very early, had the Morabito not stepped in the history of Islamic Spain would have been 400 years, not 700 years.

Them stepping in allowed Muslims to remain in that region for another 300 years.

But even with not Africa,

we see with the Morabito the potential

of a global Islam that was not Arab, in its in its nature.

there until now, whatever empires we discuss the abbasids, the oma aids, these will all Quraysh. Right. Until now we've only be discussing the Quraysh. The Abbas's are the descendants of Abbas and the Omega descendants of marijuana. But how come these are koresh? Right? These are the Arabs. And of course, the leadership was with the Arabs for the first few 100 years it was the most respective tribe in Arabia, but Islam claimed to be a universal religion. So why is there room for other people to grow was the room for other empires to grow was the room for other people to become leaders and to have leadership roles and influential historical roles in the Muslim world? The more arbitrary

the first example of Yes, you were the first example of a non Arab state that was successful. These were barbers not Africans, who had established for themselves

an empire and Empire there was founded upon Islamic knowledge, justice and piety, and was known for these things. He was an empire established upon Jihad and our

and it was a sign that

when the Arabs got lazy, or fell into into into this dunya, or when they had lost a ways, Allah could allow power to rise in other parts of the Muslim world. You see, just like until this point in time, just like Muslims thought that Allah would never take power away from them. The Arabs thought the same too. They thought that they are the Quraysh. They are the family of the prophets, Lord, the solemn his tribe, and therefore How will always be with them. But that's not how it works. Allah gives the kingdom to whom He wills, He takes it away from whom he wants. And it's not necessary that the leadership is always with the coalition. While we have to stop and discuss this Heidi's that's

often misquoted or added is a difference of opinion on how its interpreted.

So when the Ansel wanted to establish their own leader in Medina after the death of Rasulullah, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam the

response from Omar Abu Bakar Rajan, who was the Prophet slowly Some said that the leader must be from the courage. And so Abu Bakar was chosen as the leader and then Omar, Osman Ali, waged the opposite all of these autocorrelation. So,

the difference of opinion is,

does that Heidi's the leader needs to be from the courage does this apply until the end of time? Or was that specific to that point in time?

Right. You see, this is an important thing that we need to keep in mind about hobbies. One of the problems in our time is that a lot of people take up

literalist interpretation of every Hadees like you don't look at the context, they don't look at why did the Prophet say something? What whatever audience was it meant for, they just take it as a general statement. And so like, I've heard people saying that, oh, the ultimate villain caliphs, because they were in Quraysh. And the Prophet said only took the courage can be caliphs. I mean, this is

ridiculous statement to make, honestly, because, historically, at least from the time of the Conqueror onwards, the Ottomans were considered callups. They were by by do mud. Nobody looked at them and say, Oh, you're not the color because it because you're not Qureshi. I mean, that, that comes across as reasons that people are following you based on ad so it's not racist, because they're following based on Hadees. But it comes across to the average person in this way. So

what is the correct understanding of the haggis, that the leader must be from the courage? The understanding

that I follow and which seems to be strongest is that

that was talking specifically for Arabia in the generation after the Prophet sallahu wa salam, why? Because the Bedouin Arabs, and the tribes surrounding Makkah and Medina would not follow anyone other than the Quraysh. had anybody else come into power at that point in time? They will be rebellions, they would be, you know, they would be the end of the Empire, they will crumble, nobody would take them seriously. The only people that the average out of respected enough to treat as a leader with a crush, so understanding the mindset of his people understanding the mindset of the Bedouin Arabs, the prophets, why some said this as a saving for their time, that the Quraysh had to

remain in power during that period. Now, hundreds of years later, where the word Quraysh doesn't really mean anything anymore. You follow whoever's in the leader, or Islam has been established? Is it still necessary that the leader is from the Quraysh? Some taking this Hadees literally say, yes, or this taking this Hadees contextually say no, I fall into the second camp are regarding Hadees are contextual, it was referring to that first generation of Islam, that it was necessary that the Holy Father was shedding. And the first Empire the Romans were from the kurush that was necessary for the consolidation of power within the oma for people to take him seriously. And for the growth of the

Omega point of time, once Islam was established in the world, it was no longer necessary that the person in power be from the Quraysh. And so we got the Morabito, we got the mortgage, we got the Ottomans, we got the Mongols we got all these other people from other parts of the world coming into power, all of this is fine. All of this is fine, because it is not a white Jeep that the ruler is from the Quraysh. It was simply a contextual statement related to a particular political situation, and Allah knows best. So a lot of the Empires we are going to study moving forward are non Arab empires. The murabahah are not Arab, the Global North Africans, the more Hades or non Arab, the

above are not Africans.

The Ottomans, they sell jokes, they are Turks. Like the mom Luke's they are Turkish or Balcon slaves.

The Safar which are Iranian, they're Persian, so not Arabs. And that's fine. I so hope that as cleared up as we now move away from the Kureishi empires into the non Qureshi empires, I hope that's clear that the idea that the leader has to be from the crush is not necessarily the best way to understand that Hades and Allah knows best.

So kingdoms rise in kingdoms fall and this is something Allah mentioned in the Quran in surah, Allah imraan chapter number three verse 26, and 27, Allah Subhana Allah says Gunilla mmamoloko, molk De Luca Manta Sha, do attenzione Murakami Manta Sha, what is Roman Dasha? What is the lumen Tasha via dhikala, higher inaka Allah Cooley, Shea in Korea,

say, Allah, King of all kings, you give the kingdom to wherever you will, and you take away the kingdom wherever you will. You give dignity and honor to them ever you will and you cause disgraced, whomever you will. All good is in your hands. You have power over everything to lead you Laila in the heart or to lead you in the heart of a lane. We're talking Did you hear me tell me you were talking to me your terminal Hey, we're told Zukerman Tasha will be higher up. You cause the night to 20 today and the day to flow into night and you bring forth life from that which is dead and get from that which is life and you provide from every world without any

restriction. So in this beautiful set of verses, we see the different things that Allah provides for us from life, to time, to wild, to honor dignity to Kingdom itself, that Allah decides who is in power. And he takes it away from someone and he gives it to somebody else. And the question is, who is it that Allah gives power to and who is it Allah takes power from? And the answer to that is that when people are using their power, in a way that is pleasing to Allah subhana wa Taala, he will leave them in power for a long time, as he did with many of these empires. But when

Allah subhanaw taala, either Allah has infinite knowledge and infinite knowledge, he knows that some people are going to abuse the power, or he knows that somebody else is going to be better for that land. Or he knows that people are appreciating what he has given them, Allah can take it away and give it to somebody else. And so the point here is this idea that the Muslims had back then, that we've taken over our land, it's ours until the end of time. This is an incorrect idea. Allah gives kingdom to whom he wants and etc, the way from whom he once he didn't say he gives kingdom to the believers and he takes us away from the disbelievers. Allah subhanho wa Taala can return a land from

the position of the believers to the disbelievers if the believers are not using it in a way that is pleasing to Allah subhanho wa Taala. And in many ways, that's what happens with Spain. So let's move on to the last of the kingdoms of Spain. The more hidden

by do the names I mentioned in brackets is what the unknown has as by the West, right? So the West, no de Mirage as our Move, move ahead. And the they know the more hate as Elmo, Elmo head, right. But these are the more hidden in Arabic. So the more hidden they were the arrival of the Morabito. And they took over all of the events. And they

did not last very long. So the more he didn't wear, like a extremist movement, by the way, like an extremist movement, they followed.

They essentially had their own understanding of Islam, which was like, almost like more does the law in Akita in law hearing

that they were very philosophical when it came to the unseen, but very literal and hardcore when it came to.

It's a very strange combination. And they essentially took over all these lands, and they tried to force this understanding of, of Islam upon the people living in these lands, and the people rebelled against that. And that caused a lot of unrest and chaos. So for example,

they were very hardcore in the UK. And if you look at the flick of Spain, before this, it was, it was a very,

a very relaxed fit compared to what the more hates, right? If you look at the Maliki and all here, if ik of Spain, a lot of things were considered acceptable or fine, that's why white considered flat out.

So you can imagine people for hundreds of years of following a certain must have, and suddenly this new guy comes to power, and he tells you, whatever your forefathers have been doing is wrong. And you just go around getting rid of things. You can imagine the instability that causes in the land,

to build upon that this racism as well. Because these individuals going around trying to enforce a hardcore extreme understanding of Islam upon the people are not Arab. idea, the bubbles of North Africa, and the people living in Spain, for hundreds of years are the Croatia, the descendants of the Arabs. And so racial tensions flare up, you know, who are you to teach us our religion that tells us what the Arabs are saying. And they would say we want Arabs in power and we want the Croatian power, what happened to leadership being from the courage and so all of this begins to point and so the more heads they are unable to truly establish Spain as a as a as a Morehead State.

They're able to hold it for about 100 years. But it's not. It's not anywhere near what it was in the time of the omits. The time of tension, is racial tension is aqeedah tensions, it's big tension. There's philosophical tension. There's tension between the Christians and the Muslims. It's not

a happy period.

One of the things that the whiteheads did do was that because they were so deep into philosophy, and they spread this philosophy throughout the lands

This philosophy eventually reaches the Christians

and it begins to influence your

and so, the Christians of Europe title today more than

more than liberal philosophy, a lot of its roots go back to the philosophy that day learned from the philosophers of Spain during the wide Empire particularly even rushed, right. So even rushed, known in the West in the West as avarice, he was a philosopher who lived

about 900 years ago, right. So why are we discussing now 900 years ago, this this event Spain, Spain fallible 800 years ago, we talking 100 years before that the Morehead era 900 years ago, right. So, when the Morabito in the mortgage were ruling Spain.

De even Russia lived in Spain, he was born, while the Moravec were ruling, and he died, why the moi his ruling, and he essentially became famous during the Wahid era as a philosopher. Particularly, he expounded upon Aristotle's philosophy. And he brought it to a new generation. And so many Europeans traveled to Spain, learned Arabic, and studied philosophy, and they even rushed and took it back to their lands. And in this we had the birth of the Renaissance. So really the modern world,

if you want to find that that exact link between the modern world and the Muslim world,

and where that split happened, is during the time of the warheads, that these, this empire that was simultaneously extreme and philosophical.

The obsession with philosophy led to the Western obsession with philosophy, which led to the birth of the Renaissance and the birth of the modern world.

So armed with philosophy, the West begins to grow, you begin to rise up the dark ages.

And the Dark Age of the West,

coincided with the golden age of Islam. And so the end of the Dark Age of the West coincides with the beginning of the decline of Islam. As an empire as a religion, Islam is still 100. Deep, most practiced religion in the world, it is the most practiced religion in the world. Right? You may be more Christians in number, but the most practice religion in the world today is Islam. But the Empire began to fall and began to crumble, then India. So we see this, this this curve that the the Europeans were going down hill Dark Age dockage, stockings, the Muslims are going uphill picking, and then suddenly there's a split, it goes in the opposite direction, that philosophy, philosophical

knowledge, and scientific knowledge. And all of this is transferred from the Muslims, to the Europeans during these 300 to 400 years.

And we see the end of the Muslim world in Spain, and the beginning of a modern Europe

that eventually grows into what it is today.

So the whites could not hold their power in Spain, they had to deal with rebellions amongst the Arabs, they had to deal with rebellions amongst Christians.

Eventually, they lost the power to a Christian Alliance, and Spain fell back into turmoil, very similar to the moluccas tawaf period. And this

remained the case for almost 100 years.

So there's still Muslims in Spain after the downfall of whites. But there's no Muslim empire in Spain. We now once again have many states, some Christian, some Muslim, almost all of them at war with each other.

greed and racism have gripped the hearts of the Muslims. Everybody wants to be the king of Spain. And they don't care which Muslims they have to betray which Muslims they have to kill whatever it is to become the king of Spain. Under this greed, they absolutely destroy whatever is left of their own kingdom. And over the next 100 years, Spain just begins to completely unravel and fall apart. The Christians seeing this happen, they begin to take over the lands, either by bribing the Muslim kings, or by killing them or by deceiving him. But slowly, more and more provinces fall to the Christians and the Muslim hearts of Spain.

smaller and smaller and smaller until there's just one tiny Kingdom left. And then on the 12th of the model oh well 896 years after Heat Shock,

which is 800 years after dark evens Siyad marched into Spain and conquered it in the late in the reign of Walid even Abdul Malik 800 years later,

the

Christian rulers of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, they take over all of Spain.

And it becomes a Spanish Christian kingdom, which remains until today. for 800 years, Muslims were in Spain, you see for 700 years they ruled Spain at the last 100 years was just chaos and bloodshed.

But the real dark events you know, the one that that the rivals what happens with the Mongols a few

100 years later, is the Inquisition

actually in the Mongols happened before this right where they did the Inquisition of Spain. So this is about 200 years after the Mongol setback that

so the Christians now begin

to give the Muslims that ultimatum

get out of Spain or die, or convert to Christianity.

Right, there's no jizya. Muslims still gave them full freedom of religion. For the entire 800 year period, Christians could live in complete peace and safety in Spain under Muslim rule. They thrived under Muslim rule as the Jews, but Christians coming to power. And it is a massacre, a complete and total massacre to such an extent that the Muslim population drops to 0%. Everybody, everybody either flees the country dies, or seek or convert to Christianity while remaining secretly a Muslim.

Now,

one can argue that there is still Muslims in Spain for at least 100 years after this.

But these were secret Muslims. These are people who were openly Christian. They were wearing the cross and going to church and practicing Christianity. But then at home hidden away in a small, destroyed they would have a Quran. No way, no one's watching it, pray Salah. And they will quietly teach your children about tauheed and about the Quran about the Prophet Muhammad. And they tell him to keep it a secret. And so the Christians began to look for signs. And they began to look for Quran, he began to look for prayer acts he began to look for who is taking a bath on a Friday. Now people whose making Voodoo, and any sign they could find that somebody was practicing any elements

of Islam, they would kill their family. They would just kill them.

And so eventually

Islam disappears from from Spain. I mean, how many generations can you maintain a secret religion for

eventually your children or grandchildren great grandchildren are going to remember, you only going to be following what's the dominant culture.

And Christianity is once again the dominant culture of Spain. And so that becomes the norm. Now,

it's interesting that

the

Christians of Spain and whichever lens they move to afterwards, like Mexico, they still maintain many elements of Muslim culture, unknowingly, they don't even know which Muslim culture for example, did you notice a lot of these Christian woman from these lands? Their names are Salma and Alia and other names like this? Where did these names come from? These are Muslim names. Right? And they made the other things in their culture. If you go and you spend time with him, you'll you'll see a lot of elements of Muslim culture that they assume is Christian culture. It's it's the remnants of the great creaky grandfathers who were secretly Muslim.

And those remnants remain today. So Spain becomes a Christian country remains. So until today, it's only in the past 100 years because of secular democracy that Islam has slowly started to grow in, in Spain again, but of course, as a minority religion, with just a few questions here and there, and a lot of the rights restricted.

I don't know if you would ever see what happened in Spain happened again. The rise of a European Muslim Empire. That was so powerful. That that's like

Honestly sounds like fiction, but it's our history.

So from the 95 h until 896, h, Muslims were a dominant force in Spain. We had the Omega the empire for 290 years, we had a period of civil war. After that we had the more robots after that we had the more warheads after that we had another period of civil war after that. And then we had the secret Muslims after that, and then only the entire land fell back into Christian land. And that was the end of Islamic Spain.

Would with that we come to the end of our history of Islamic Spain, I hope you found this beneficial and enlightening gives us a lot, think about just a few lessons that we can derive from this before we close off.

Now, one of the things that fascinates me about Islamic Spain, is how different the marriage of Al Andalus were, from the Armenians before them.

When we studied the early hominids, most of them, we couldn't say many good things about they were not very religious. They were very indulged in this dunya. They oppressed the people.

But we can't say that about the image of Spain,

the Romanians and ruled Spain for the 290 year period with, for the most part, just rulers who established the Sharia. And who built such a glorious empire that benefited everybody. Really the Empire they both benefited everybody, Muslim and non Muslim alike, that they excelled in Deen and dunya.

And

this is something that's that's really, really fascinating. That the image of Spain, we're just doing knowledgable about religion. Do you mean knowledgeable about this world, the contributing to the spread of knowledge contributed to the development of science and technology? What was the fun?

I can think of a few things that were different. Number one is learning from the mistakes of one's forefathers. So obviously, we have to rush man even while we are goes on the run. And he spends all those years in exile, he must have thought about what went wrong. What did his forefathers do so wrong for the entire Muslim world to turn against them. And for people to assassinate the entire family, he must have talked about this, he must have realized the mistakes of his forefathers. And he must have decided that when he establishes a new Empire, he's not going to repeat their mistakes. You see what I assume. I'm seeing the difference between the mermaids before him and from him

onwards, that he must have learned from the mistakes of his forefathers, the early oma years with the first ever Muslim Empire.

And they made all those rookie mistakes with beginner mistakes. And that's why they didn't love so long. The next homemade Empire those of Spain, they had already 100 years of experience to learn from and they built upon that experience and they were able to really make a difference. Number two, is that the mayor of Spain only had to concentrate on one land. And because it was one read has everything you need

to be able to do justice to Atlanta and to develop it so beautifully. That had their attention being diverted across many different lands, as he would later on be with the Morabito de moi heads.

They might not have been able to do as much as they did. But because it was just that one land, they were able to truly just focus on building it into something beautiful and amazing.

And number three

is that they it wasn't just the Omega, it's a contributed to that land, having a coordinator in the rain. He wasn't just the kings, he was everybody. That that was the point in time when Muslims began to peek everywhere

that we are now at that point in time, we are reaching the 300 year mark of Muslim history

that Muslims have now been around for 300 years.

And they had established power in many countries across three continents. And so

at this point, Muslims blossomed in every field

because there was the natural progression of that rise that they were building in every field for two or 300 years. And so in that period, everything reaches its peak in both the above acid and the homemade Empire because the abundances in the omegas were ruling very differently from each other, but they both experienced the goal

In Asia at the same time, it's not necessarily to do with the rulers, but to do the natural progression on the ground, from the average Muslim as well. But the rulers played a role for sure, for sure they played a role because we had our Rashid and his children. And we'll end with the image of Spain, you see rulers who were focused on the development of the lands and the funding of education. And so that definitely played a very important role in the establishment of the Golden Age.

So one of the lessons you can take from there is that no, this idea that all the methods were bad, completely wrong idea, during many great moments in our history, from where we are on EULA one who, by the way, Osman Rajan, who was no way yet he was the first omega Caliph, right. Omar Ibn Abdul Aziz Abdul Rahman even know how we are Abdul Rahman, the second Abdul Rahman, the third, many, many amazing people. And so it is not fair to talk so badly about an entire family of Muslims. Rather, for those that were in the wrong, we stay quiet, and we leave it to Allah. And Allah is Caputo Rahim. He will judge him when he's perfect wisdom in his perfect justice and his perfect mercy. And

for those that we are good, we talk about a good and we ask a lot to accept it from them and forgive them for their mistakes.

Then we have the lesson about the link between the East and the West.

Did we have these two worlds that seem alien to each other? The Muslim world in the Western world, but they weren't always alien together. Islamic Spain is where the two were one Islamic Spain was at that point in time, the West. In fact, for Muslims living in Iraq and Arabia, they often refer to their part of the Muslim world as a mockery, the West the literary quality, the West, right, because that's why it was west to them. And the most of our mother, which was the Murrah between Empire, and you know, that part of the world Western Africa, Spain,

they were the that land spin specifically, was where Christians and Muslims intersected the most, and where the renascence was born, where Aristotle philosophy spread to the west. Really, that is the strongest link between the Muslim world and the modern world. Islamic Spain was the strongest link historically, between the two.

Number three Muslims fell when they became caught up in this world and South fighting over territories, which is what we see today.

All around us today, we see the same thing. Muslims fighting over territories, you know, which city belongs to which country, Muslims caught up in this world chasing after the dunya

that cause Islamic Spain to fall, we are not going to fall out of what we are in today. As long as we head down those roads, there's really we are dealing with Dr. De Luca, the wife on a global level today.

And the as an oma, we really have to figure out a way forward. Otherwise, the same thing is going to happen on a global level that happened on Spain.

And the sad thing, the last point that I'll close off

when you go around the world today, and you ask people, Muslim or non Muslim, about Islamic Spain,

the average person doesn't even know it existed.

They always stating the Christian that he was always a Christian that they always think that Spain was always a Christian. And the idea that Muslims were living in Spain for 800 years and that there was a golden age of an immediate Andalus. This is something unheard of, to the average person, we have to ask ourselves why? Why is this not in our Islamic history curriculum? Why is this not in the Spanish history curriculums? Why is this something

we don't talk about enough? Because this is an important part of our legacy, to the important part of our history. And it's something we can learn a lot of lessons from.

So we'll end up on that point give you something to think about. Why is it that Muslims today don't really know about the history of Islamic Spain? With that we come to this conclusion. Be sure to check out our Ramadan resources section for more lectures and and resources to help you through the month of Ramadan. We will continue with our Islamic history series after Ramadan Subhan Allah is the MSA foun wa salam ala mousseline Al hamdu, lillahi Rabbil alameen wa salam aleikum wa rahmatullah wa barakato.