Sunday Night Essential Fiqh Class – July 11, 2021

Bismillah al Rahman al Rahim al hamdu Lillahi Rabbil alameen

wa salatu wa he was Salam ala Anna v Hill Karim Allah upon Asana to attend the tasleem rubbished, aqui sobre. Us silly, Emery Washington Lockwood attend melissani Africa Hawk Ollie, my brothers and my sisters said Mr Alaykum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. I hope you are all enjoying your last few bits and pieces of this weekend, and that you are so excited and filled with energy and happy to be going back to work tomorrow. Because my weekend starts after this class. So I'm happy.

I'm very low, but still gonna end up working tomorrow anyways.

So today are starting a new chapter, we're going to be focusing on chapter nine, which is oaths and vows, oaths and swearing, as in taking an oath by loss of habitat, I swear by a law, right. So we're going to start off the chapter today we'll get into a few things in sha Allah to Allah.

Some of it you may already be familiar with some of it, you may not be familiar with some things to do with this chapter, you might think to yourself subpanel I never knew that that was permissible or impermissible.

And so let's, let's dive right into it.

Actually, you know, before even diving right into it.

I hope that sound in the background is not bothering any of you. If you're hearing the cars go by outside the window, let me know. And I'll just close the window.

Yeah, and then the kids are running around somewhere else on the law. So we finished a chapter on this transactions, which is very good, because it's a really lengthy chapter, right? business transaction is really, really lengthy. And there was a lot that we covered and hamdulillah obviously there's a lot more like I always say there's so much more that we can learn. There's so much more time that we can dedicate to, you know, the various different topics and chapters that are found within the within our Deen within the deen. Right. It's not just within books, but it's within our Deen.

So having said that, we're going to start off this new chapter.

And some of you before we even get into it have been asking, and I've mentioned this before, but you may have forgotten. So the book we're using is the concise presentation of the

Dr. Abdullah XIM By the way, you could easily find this online you can get the physical copy, I like to use physical copies of books because it allows you to allows you to do this

to take notes, right? So you can write in your book, take notes, keep post it notes of things, you know, under the law, and you can always go back to things right especially going back to the post it notes that I collected from our in person classes says Do you like this person? Hint shift out and I don't know why the nose is like so massively defined. That's not my nose. Can't be my nose. But yeah, one of the kids drew this on Sunday when we used to have classes in the masjid

oaths and swearing definition First off, what is the definition we always learn the definition of something before we get into it Ken so the word oath in Arabic is known as yameen. You mean your right hand? Right? Yeah, I mean

plural. Amen. Okay. The plural of yameen is Amen.

It originally refers to one's hand Okay, as I was indicating before, it refers to one's hand because when swearing or taking an oath people in the past used to take each other's right hand right? These do shake on it. Yes, I will do this. I swear that I will get it done. Right kind of like pledging allegiance. Right. So shaking on it. You know, when people say shake on it. Promise? Yes, promise back in the day people would say Pinky swear, right pinky swearing is not permissible islamically why because you are taking an oath by the pinkie and not by Allah subhanho wa Taala. And so that is the very first lesson that we get right here where, you know, children might still be doing this

today, but it was something that was very common for many of us when we were growing up is to Pinky swear right with your friends. You'd lock interlock your pinkies and people would, you know promise to do something. Okay. They would promise to do something now. islamically

the word

Both mean

refers to emphasizing something by mentioning the name of a law or an attribute of Allah subhanho wa Taala had okay by mentioning the name of Allah, or an attribute of Allah subhanho wa Taala Okay.

How is an oath made? How do we make an oath or take an oath an oath is made. Sorry it's not made except by swearing by Allah subhanho wa Taala one of his names or his attributes as we just finished mentioning, and Abdullah bin Ahmad narrated that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam came to Armitage no football but on the long run, while he was writing his mount, and swearing by his father's almost ignorant kapa rhodiola and was writing his animal and he was taking an oath he was swearing by his father's Okay, and this is something that you find in the time of jedidiah they would take an oath by their forefathers, okay.

The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, I'm gonna have no hubbub. Certainly Allah has forbidden you from swearing by your fathers. Whoever is to swear an oath must swear by Allah or remain silent. Okay, so the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam says is to Armitage hubub who is narrating this hadith? Abdullah bin Omar. Right who is Abdullah bin Allah. He is the son of Ahmed IGNOU hubub Abdullah, the son of Ramadan kebab is narrating a hadith about his father riding his mounter on his home taking taking oaths by his fathers, and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam comes and he says, certainly Allah has forbidden you from swearing by your fathers, whoever is to

swear an oath must swear by Allah or remain silent.

Now, before we go any further, I want to remind every single one of us myself included, that we don't as Muslims need to always take an oath in order to prove our word as being the truth. as Muslims, we always artists speak the truth. And therefore we don't really need to say, I swear by a law or one law he you know, or Billa he or Tom law he right. We don't technically need to take oaths by Allah Subhana Allah because as Muslims between Muslims, we already know that, hey, the Muslim speaks the truth, right? The Muslim speaks the truth and the Muslim is not one who buys or tells tales. Therefore, we should automatically assume that the word of the believer that is being spoken

is the truth.

And we shouldn't say yeah, but they didn't say well lie. So maybe it isn't true. No. Right? Allah subhanho wa Taala Allah reminds us of the importance of speaking the truth in the Quran. And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam also highlights the importance of it and we've taken these, you know, examples in the past as a prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said men can or may not be there he will young arfid folio, cool. Hi. Hire on Olia smart, whoever believes in Allah Subhana Allah and the Last Day say that which is true or remain silent. Right.

We move on to chat a lot of swearing by other than a lot is a form of associating partners with Allah subhanho wa Taala. Had

it been aroma or the alohar and narrated that he heard the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam saying, whoever has sworn by other than Allah has truly committed disbelief or associated partners with Allah.

I'll say that again. The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, Whoever has sworn by other than Allah has truly committed disbelief or associated partners with Allah.

Why differentiate between the two? Well, first off, someone may not believe in Allah subhana wa adad. As in they may have said something that takes them completely out of Islam or they may have said something not realizing or that statement itself is a mistake in and of itself, right. So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam reminds us that whoever has sworn by other than Allah has truly committed disbelief or associated partners with Allah subhana wa tada additionally uploaded or the Allah and narrated that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, Now pay attention this is important.

Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, if one of you swore, and said while swearing

I swear by a net

Which was of course, one of the idols at the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam Adams, you know early years in the tub of jahai of accommodation, so on they used to,

they used to swear by alert and erza. So, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam said, if one of you swore and said while swearing, I swear by a lot,

he should then say,

a shadow

in Allah,

I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah.

What do we learn here?

We just finished seeing a Hadith of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam where he lets us know that one who takes oath by other than Allah subhanho wa Taala has committed disbelief and associated or associated partners with Allah, my dad,

in this hadith of Abu hurayrah, the longer we see what we are to do, if we did do that, so if we take an oath by other than Allah subhanho wa Taala, right, we swear by other than Allah subhanho wa Taala. Like, people would say, I swear over my mom's dead body. Well, I have a bill. I don't know why they would say that. But right, they would say, I swear by my mom's dead body or over my mom's dead body.

If we make a mistake in an oath, or we say something that is wrong, that is linked to Kufa, linked to disbelief, then immediately we refresh our Shahada. I said we're

in LA, right, we say, the testimony of faith, affirming and confirming our belief in Allah subhana wa tada that the statement that was said previously was a statement that was wrong, incorrect and possibly a mistake. Okay.

Yes, so I think by no pinky promises,

don't do it. Okay. Promise by Allah subhanho wa Taala, that you'll do something.

We see in the Quran, Allah subhanho wa Taala. Allah says,

In surah baqarah, verse number 224, what? Mahabharata Li Amen yquem.

Allah Subhana Allah says, and do not make Allah's name an excuse in your oaths.

Okay? You've been abass or the alohar. And Homer says, Do not make your swearing an excuse not to do what is good. Instead expiate for your oath, and do that which is good. Sometimes people will take an oath by Allah. And say, for example, here's an example. A husband says to a wife, I swear by Allah that I will not share the bed with you for the next year.

What does that mean? That means that you won't stay or sleep in the same room. Alright, you won't be intimate together for an entire year.

Now, some people will say, Oh, I took an oath. And I refuse to break that oath. I refuse to break that oath. Even though they want to write they want to, but they take that oath.

And they stick to it. Allah Subhana Allah says, Well after Allah or that la manickam, enter Babu. Right? And do not make Allah's Name and excuse in your oaths. Don't say, Oh, I said that I was gonna do this and I took an oath by Allah, so I have to do it. No. And you when you look at the explanation of what is mentioned, that I busted out the Allah and Allah says in the verse, as as mentioned, into seated and Cathy, do not make your swearing an excuse not to do what is good.

Instead expiate for your oath, and do that which is good, as in, take the penalty of breaking your oath, and do what Allah subhanho wa Taala prefers from you.

By

following through with the example that I gave, that a person says, I swear by Allah that for one year, I will not, you know,

Share, share the bedroom with you.

That goes against the rights of your spouse, right? He or she is entitled to being with their spouse, entitled to spending time together entitled to being intimate with each other, right. And so by taking that oath, you're now taking away the rights of another person as well. And don't make a loss of hanaway to add to the reason for taking away the rights of someone else by using it and twisting it in a way that you feel suits your mission.

Or you feel you said, and didn't really fully mean it or you didn't want to follow through with it. But because you said it, you're like, No, I can't back down now.

So even Ambassador the Allahumma says, you know, expiate, as in we'll see what to do. Okay, we'll see that next time in shot logs, I know what to do when we need to break an oath that we said or took In the name of Allah subhanho wa Taala.

Whoever swears by a religion other than Islam, okay, third bit, even a book.

Establish even the hack said that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam had said, Whoever intentionally and falsely swears by a religion other than Islam, then he is, as he has said,

Okay.

Third, it's even on behalf said that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, we're intentionally and falsely swears by a religion other than Islam, then he is, as he has said,

and what do we do when we say something that's wrong? And we learn and we realize, Oh, I shouldn't have done that. We look at the headache of avoided or the or longer and where he says that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, Whoever swore by Allah or on something other than Allah Subhana Allah, then they should say I should

in the law,

and you could follow us through the whole Ashley Keller

watershed under Mohammed and either wore a suit of course we say by default, but we're testifying our faith in Allah subhanho wa Taala.

So again, whoever intentionally and falsely swears by religion other than Islam, then he is as he said, he is okay. We move on. One who is asked to swear by a law should be satisfied with that.

Okay. You've been narrated that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam once heard of men swearing by his father.

The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, Do not swear by your fathers. If someone swears by Allah, he must speak truthfully. Whoever is asked to swear by Allah, should satis should be satisfied with that, as whoever is not satisfied with Allah is not from the true servants of Allah. I'll say that again. The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam once heard a man who was swearing by his father, and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, Do not swear by your fathers. If someone swears by a law, he must speak truthfully.

Okay, take an oath by Allah.

Make sure that what you're saying that you're you're saying or you're saying you're going to do is the truth.

Whoever is asked to swear by Allah should be satisfied with that. As whoever is not satisfied with Allah is not from the true servants of Allah. someone tells you swear by the Quran, and you say, No, I will only swear by Allah.

And they're like, No, I want you to swear over my mother's dead body. You say no, I will only swear by a law. And they say well, I don't accept your testimony. Your your oath.

When you swear by Allah subhanho wa Taala if you take an oath by Allah subhanaw taala the person might say I don't accept it, I reject it. While the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam says whoever is not satisfied with Allah is not from the truth servants have a loss of power to add.

So this is where we learn a little bit of not only fic but AP EDA, right our belief in Allah subhana wa Tada. Right our the core belief of a Muslim understanding how to apply our Deen in our statements, what we say, taking oaths, and another Hadith Abu hurayrah or the Allah and narrated that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said,

Jesus, the son of Mary, and Artesia ignore Maria

peace be upon him, saw a man stealing.

He said to him, did you steal? So Jesus said to the men who he saw stealing, he says, Did you steal?

The men said no.

by him other than whom there is none worthy of worship, as in he takes an oath by Allah. He says no by Allah.

Then Jesus are you

alayhis salam, he said,

I believe in Allah. And I believe my site.

I believe in Allah. And I believe my site as in, I contradict, I will go against what I saw. I saw your stealing but you took an oath by Allah. So I believe in Allah and I believe in your oath with Allah subhanho wa Taala. That is the truth. If you're saying that you're not lying from us, it's not between me and you anymore. It's between you and Allah. Okay, so I will believe your oath. This is what he's saying. And I will call my eyes, the liars, that my eyes did not see the truth.

But your statement, your testimony, your oath with Allah, that's the truth.

So let's go back there Isa, Jesus, Allah has sent him he saw a man stealing and he asked the men he says, Did you steal? And the men says no, by him other than whom there is none worthy of worship.

Jesus alayhis salaam says, I believe in a law and a belie my site, my site, I will reject but a lot. Absolutely not.

Right? Absolutely not.

Alright.

Let's get into the types of oaths. Okay, three types of oaths we're going to look at, but today we'll only take two, we'll take the first two. And then hopefully you remember these two next week when we refresh our memory, revise and then take the third one. Okay, so we're going to take two for today and show alongside

three types of oaths.

The first

an intention, unintentional oaths. Okay, the unintentional oath. Secondly, a false oath.

And thirdly, an enacted both. We'll look at the third one next week and show a lot of data. Today we're going to focus on the unintentional oath and the false oath.

What is the unintentional oath? And what is its ruling?

What is meant by the unintentional oath is when a person swears, but he actually did not intend to make an oath.

It's like when a person is saying, by Allah, you shall eat, right? Or by Allah, you shall drink. While in reality, he does not mean to be swearing an oath by Allah. But it is simply a statement. So there we go. Let's have some fun. How many of you have gone for hydrometer? How many of you have been to Saudi Arabia before? or pretty much any Arab country? Right? you'll always find that the people say

well, llahi to everything.

The hunter you must have a llama. Right? That Dylan beta a Roma, right.

A Casa Saba. Like,

it's like they they say the name of Allah for everything. Okay, that is considered an unintentional oath. They're not really taking an oath by Allah subhanho wa Taala. It's just part of their speech. It's just part of speech. It's not considered taking an oath, right? For example, they invite you over to eat something, right?

And

you don't want to go because you already have some other prior commitment or you have somewhere to be or you know, you need to do something or you have to be at work or whatever. And they're like, well, let that hold you back. One, one, TGF beta, well on origin and multiwell. And as I stop saying, well,

but the reality is, they're not really taking an oath. They're not really taking an oath. They're actually you know,

just using the name of Allah subhanho wa Taala in their speech, it's just general speech for them. Okay.

Also this nature are not to be enacted. And the one who made this oath or or who said that statement, right, like, well, likely you're going to eat, right?

You can't say well, I am going to eat like forcing me into doing something. Well, I here going to drink. Yes, well, I am going to drink. There's not an oath, right.

So the one who made the oath is not required to take any action. Okay? Allah Subhana Allah Allah has said very clearly in the Quran in surah baqarah verse number 225. Now you ll see the common law will be Naga, leafy, amen.

kumana can you Earth Ito can be Marquez sebut kono Boko, Allah will not call you to account for that which is unintentional in your oaths, but he will call you to account for that which your hearts have earned. He also says in verse number 89 of sold out to EDA. Now you're thinking oh como la ville de la GUI Imani kumala ke u OC to come

to my aim.

Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths, but He will punish you for your deliberate oaths. So what's unintentional and considered speech as we see here, Allah will not call you to account for what is unintentional in your oath whatever is just general speech, right? It's the norm of the people to speak that way to say well why he like all the time, like

on London in Canada.

Well, let's get to debate. Well let that cool.

All of this swallow that. everything right. Well, look, here's

how to lie, you know, oh, my God, I am ill had to lie in Novi. I don't know if he the right one. Everything my lower Lola. Like that's considered the lingo of the people. Okay, the language of the people the way that they speak, it's the norm for them.

A shout out the longer and has said about the words Allah will not call you to account for that which is unintentional in your oaths, as in within these ayat that we just looked at. She says they were revealed about a person saying no, by Allah love Allah, or certainly by Allah. Allah. Right. Someone says,

the herbal mineral madrasa he was, right. Did you graduate from high school? Hey, what law? Right? You're not saying what law he had graduated from high school like taking an oath. your intention isn't to take an oath. If you're just taking the name of a law, like Vicar, right, constantly remembering Allah subhanho wa Taala. We move on the second and last thing that we're going to look at in a long time, that is the false oath, and what its ruling is

yummy, know how most right the false oath

by which rights are harmed or by which one intends evil and treachery.

The false is known in Arabic as the Ramos oath, which implies to be submerged. Why this is because one who does it is firstly submerged in sin. Right? They're intentionally saying something, tricking people, right, or trying to control people by taking this oath.

And so they're submerged in sin, and then they will be submerged in

Are you ever been to make a false oath is one of the greatest of the great sins for which there is no expiation as Allah Subhana Allah says,

Well, can you

be my god? Amen.

As we saw previously, you know, just the previous pages couple minutes ago, sort of tonight at verse number 89, Allah Subhana Allah says he will punish you for your deliberate oaths. Okay?

This oath is not implemented as an implemented oath is one that can be resolved. While there can be no righteousness involved in relation to a false oath. Okay, false oath has no righteousness in it. Allah Subhana Allah says in Surah verse number 94, and I'll just read an English to save time inshallah. And do not make your oath some means of deception among yourselves.

For a foot may slip after being firmly planted, and you may have to taste the evil punishment of this world of having hindered men from the path of Allah are people from the path of Allah subhana wa Tada. And yours will be a great torment as in the fire of jahannam, Allah subhana wa tada protect us all. But he stated, The meaning of this verses that you are not to make your oaths by which you entered into a covenant with others, a means to deceive and commit betrayal. So you're taking an oath to deceive and betray the people that you are taking an oath with.

Such that they feel safe with you, while you have hidden intent to betray them.

Like a lie, hey, I'm going to be there at the bank, and I'm going to give you this amount of money so that you can pay off your loans and everything will be fine. And they go and they stand there and they waited. And you intentionally did that to get yourself out of some scenario and fleet. Right? So that can be an example of how this is something that's not permitted, right?

How to live in a narrative that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam said that the great sins are associating the partners with Allah. What are the major sins, associating partners with Allah, being disobedient to parents, killing a soul and making a false oath? He mentioned four things, right? He says, I'm deciding on what to do longer and narrated that the Prophet sallahu wa sallam said, The Great sins are associating partners with Allah

being disobedient to parents, killing soul, right murdering someone and making a false oath. Those are

from the greatest of sins within Islam.

In another hadith of what are the longer and narrated that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said,

there are five that have no acceptable expiation for them, five sins that have no acceptable expiation for them.

associating partners with a lot

killing a soul without due right.

robbing a believer

fleeing on the day the armies meet, and swearing a solemn oath by which one takes without do right

now last one with Allah protect us all, and make it easy for every single one of us to follow through with the command of Allah subhanho wa Taala and to stay away from committing sins, both major and minor, and ask Allah subhana wa tada to accept from every single one of us throughout these days of the ledger. You know, these are blessed days, I encourage everyone once again, you know, do as much higher as much goodness as you possibly can recite some quota and do some Earth cow, right make dua to Allah subhanho wa Taala especially throughout the day, especially this time of the day right now and the sun is setting right as you can see the sun setting above me right The

sky is getting blue and changing colors, right? Just joking.

hamdulillah so that's all the time that we have getting head over to the masjid from Oxford, and I encourage all of you to do the same and encourage someone else to do that as well send a message someone say hey, we'll meet you there from operative in sha Allah, Allah, as in not go there to have a party and sit down and chill and hang out. But go there to the masjid to pray to Allah subhanho wa Taala encourage someone to do that. So you get the reward of doing that as well. But a calligraphy calm, which is Camilla Hayden, or some Allahu wa sallam about a candidate vino Muhammad wa ala alihi wa sallam will continue with the third type of oath next week in sha Allah Allah was said, more

alikum warahmatu Allahi wa barakato