The Massacre of Karbala: A Historical Analysis
Date:
Channel: Yasir Qadhi
File Size: 50.76MB
Episode Notes
Shaykh Dr. Yasir Qadhi analyzes and comprehensively elucidates on the events that led up to the martyrdom of Husayn RA and other relevant details.
The lecture commences with the status of Ahlul Bayt for the Sunni Muslims which is proclaimed with genuine love for the entire blessed clan.
The Prophet ﷺ once called Ali and Fatimah and Hasan and Hussain RA and put them under a cloak and said, “They are My family.”
In another Hadith, Abu Bakr RA said to Ali RA: I swear By Allah that I would rather be kind and generous to Ahlul Bayt than my own family”
The next part of the lecture deals with the Shaykh divulging differences between Ahlul Bayt and twelve Shia. Listen intently.
Hussain Ibn Ali RA was born in Shaban, 4 H and Hassan RA was born in Ramadan, 3 H.Hassan and Hussain RA are renowned as the leaders of the young men of Jannah. The Prophet ﷺ once said “They are my two rayhanatayyah – two sweet flowers of this world, two blessings of this world”Hussain RA was greatly respected by the companions so much so that once Abdullah Amr bin Al As RA was once sitting in the shadow of the Kabah and when he saw Hussain coming, he said,” This man is the most beloved man on earth to the inhabitants of the heavens!”
Hussain RA and his brother Hassan RA both witnessed the Battle of Jamal and Siffeen and with the demise of Ali RA, Hassan RA was handed over Caliphate by the people of Kufa and Muawiya became the Caliph by the people of Syria.
The next part of the lecture deals with Yazid and the coming of power to Yazid. It is a very informative topic that sets the tone for future events. Yazid ibn Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan ibn Sakhr ibn Harb ibn Umayyah belonged to the tribe Banu Umayyah. Abu Sufyan is Yazeed’s grandfather. The massacre of Hussain and Ibn Zubayr are the tainted incidents during the rule of Yazeed.
The names of the following blessed Sahaba make a space for discussion and analysis and we are acquainted with these greats to have walked the face of the earth. They are:
- Abdullah ibn Umar
- Abdullah Ibn Zubayr RA
- Hussain ibn Abi Talib
The lecture is concluded with a vivid and descriptive account of the massacre of Karbala and what transpired in the midst of the political greats and how this incident came to be known as the biggest tragedy.
AI Generated Transcript ©
hamdu Lillahi Rabbil alameen wa salatu salam ala Sayidina Muhammad Anwar Ali he was like big marine about, I welcome you to this topic of ours entitled The massacre of Karbala historical analysis. And this is a very long and drawn out topic. So before I begin, and I will begin immediately, I need to make three disclaimers. The first disclaimer, this topic is a very contentious one, it raises a lot of emotions, it is potentially possible to stoke the fans of
hatred, the flames of anger between Sunni and Shia, and therefore, I want to state for the record very clearly, that I am completely and totally opposed to stirring any bigotry, any hatred against any group. No doubt, I am a Sunni and I'm proud of being a Sunni and I disagree with Shiite theology, and their interpretation of history. Yet this disagreement that I have, and all of us really have, and they have with us, this disagreement should be kept civil, and it should never lead to violence or anger or hatred. In this world, Sunni and Shia should dialogue and debate. But we should never get violent with one another because of the differences in our belief. And the purpose
of this lecture is just to educate is just to talk about what we assume these believe about Karbala and how we view the incident of Karbala. It's not meant to stoke anger or hatred against any group. Also, another disclaimer, the second disclaimer, obviously, cut butter is a very detailed and a very important event in our history. And by its very nature, history is subjective. There's always interpretations. There's always motives being read in and in this short lecture and I have only one and a half hour, there is no way that we can go into a detailed analysis, variations of history, what book x said compared to book Why, why does book x say this? Why this book, Why say this? What
are the strengths and weaknesses of each interpretation, we have no time for any of that. And it is very easy to give 10 lectures just on Karbala, I am only giving you one lecture. So by the very nature of this lecture, we have to condense, we have to summarize, and I am not going to be mentioning variations as I do in my Syrah class. You're literally just going to have to trust me and my authority for today's lecture that I'm giving you one interpretation, but I just want to point out the interpretation that I will be giving is the standard interpretation of Sunni Islam. It is taken from the writings of Eben hedger of even Kathy of the important historians of Sunni Islam And
by and large it is agreed upon. And the third and final disclaimer that the other version, we have this version, there is another version that is popularized by the the Shia, and most of this comes from one particular person, the details of that version comes from one person and this person was a very early Muslim historian who was also shear and his name is Abu mithuna, flute, Albania here, and he died 157 hydro, and I will miss enough Luther when your hair was the first early historian to write a detailed booklet about the massacre of Karbala and he called it Mcdo Hussein. And this booklet, Mcdo Hussain became the standard version full of lurid details full of a lot of things that
allegedly took place. And from our perspective, this author and his book are not authoritative. All of our scholars have said that this person is not somebody that can be trusted in narrations, because he theologically is inclined towards the other group and therefore, he has a version of events that we do not agree with. And we will not really be concentrating on that version of events. As I said, our version will be bright by and large, even concede and even hedger and the standard Sunni historians. Now, we begin our talk. And I want to begin by mentioning what is our perspective with the other debates with the family of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, hello son, Noah
jemar firmly believe that the Ahlul Bayt have a very high rank and are the most blessed of all families. We love them with a genuine love. We love them with a genuine love between the two extremes. On the one hand, we have those and they did exist and they still exist, who considered the Adobe to be like any other family, or even worse than this stuff for a lot, they curse them. And that has been a trend that has existed and there are still some people like this and on the other
Other hand we have the other trend of Islam. And this trend considers the annual base to be above and beyond other families in a supernatural manner. And they give them powers and they give them privileges and they give them attributes that we believe only belong to Allah subhanho wa Taala. We believe that the Ahlul bait are the most respected family in the whole world, if they are righteous, so the Mormons and the Muslims amongst them have a double blessing. They are believers and they are annual bait and the companions amongst them have a triple blessing, such as Olive, olive and Fatima and others that they are under the bait and they are Sahaba and they are believers. And therefore we
love them with a love that is triple if they are characterized by all of these characteristics, and we firmly affirm the blessings mentioned in a regarding them in the Quran and in the sooner and as for the Quran, Allah says in the Quran in mid two la hulu's Heba anko Marisa lol Beatty, we will call hero hero that Allah wants to purify you have any filth or Hillel bait and ally wants to cleanse you a good cleansing This is in the Koran. And in the Hadith, we firmly believe that the Prophet sallallaahu Selim called Fatima and Ali and has an Hussein and this is called the Hadith of the cloak I need to kiss up. And this is in our sources. And we believe in it that he called Ali and
Fatima and Hassan and Hussein and he put them under a cloak. And he said, our law These are my Allah Beatty. These are my family. So we affirm this and we say that they are the most blessed family. And we firmly believe and we implement what our Prophet says that I'm said as narrated in Sahih Muslim that he said to the Sahaba and and those after them with a que como la de la Beatty, that I remind you by Allah and by the rights of Allah for the rights of my family with a que como la de la Beatty with a que como la de la Beatty, he repeated this three times. So we love them with a love that is above and beyond any other family love aboubaker de su de karate Allahu taala, and whom he said to
Allah,
I swear by Allah, I would rather be kind and generous to the debate than to my own family. I will but could also do that I would rather be kind and generous to the debate. And he's speaking to Addy, then to my own family. And remember the Allahu taala. And when he wrote down the Darwin and the Darwin was a schedule of who will get how much money. It was a schedule of stipends. When he wrote down to Darwin, the number one category and the highest amounts were to the debate. And the debate got more than even he himself got as a salary. The debate was the number one category and this shows us that the love that aboubaker and Omar had for the debate, and Omar loved the debate so much that
he actually wanted to establish kinship with them. And that is why he proposed to the daughter of Ali ibn Abu Talib, and he married on may consume Binti Ali. There could be no animosity between Omar and Omar and Ali when Omar is proposing and Ali is accepting the marriage of his own daughter to Omar and so Omar married the daughter of Ali, and one of the reasons he gave he said I wanted to have some relationship with the Ahlul Bayt. So we are a listener. Well, Gemma, we love the debate with the genuine love, and this has been the position of all Sunni scholars of Islam. Ibn taymiyyah says men also the abolition of the fundamentals of 100 Sunnah is to love the family of the Prophet
sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, but we also say that if a person is not righteous, if a person is sinful, then it doesn't matter what his bloodline his, his sins are one thing and his bloodline is another and a person's bloodline will never save him from the consequences of his own deeds. And we base this on what our Prophet Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam said Hadith is intimately that men are taught to be hameau, to whom you steer hoonah Sabu, who's ever his deeds pulled him back, his blood will not push him forward, who's ever his deeds pulled him back, his blood will not push him forward. So we say that just because a person is of the descendants of Al Bayt, it doesn't make him
an angel. It is possible that some of the idle bait will commit sins and those sins they are responsible for. And historically, this has been the case and to this day, there are dynasties and there are lineages that claim to be a debate and some of those claims are valid and we see these people have sins and they have good deeds. Just because a person belongs to Allah and bait does not make him an angel. He can be just like Erin she can be like any Muslim with good and bad when they're righteous. We love them with the double love. When they are other than that, then we say Allah azza wa jal will take charge of this
affair. Also, there is a fundamental difference between the definition of alcohol bait for us and for the twelver. Shia as for us, as for them excuse me, primarily the debate really is the descendants of Fatima. That's really what they concentrate on the descendants of Fatima Hasson and Hussein, as for us, we say the debate no doubt is Hassan and Hussein. And they are the gist of the debate the crux of the debate, but the debate is broader than them. We have many categories of debate. And first and foremost by the testimony of the Quran, and the sooner the wives of the prophecies and more inside the debate, the very versus the talk about debate in the Quran, that you
ll bait the very context is about the wives of the Prophet of Islam. Yeah, Nisa, and nebbia Nisa, and they began Isa and Libby and Allah says in the same surah, his wives or their mothers, so, the wives are from the other debate, Fatima and Hudson and Ali and Hussein or the just the colonel the the, the the main part of the debate and we also affirm this, but we also affirm
the cousin of or the brother of Ali, and Jaffa, the brother Valley, and their children are under debate. And we also affirm a bus the uncle of the process and his descendants are added bait. For us. All of these lines are our dual bait, and we are not allowed to give charity to any of the debate out of respect to them. We do not give Zakat to any of this descendants of Fatima and Ali and Jaffa an appeal and a bus all of these descendants for us our debate and as for them, they do not really consider the descendants of our bus to be hunted bait and others as well. There's a lot of rivalry between the the the Shia to it and the other is a bus for historical reasons for us the
other bus are also a little bit now as for Hussein ibn Ali, and he is the subject of our talk today. We're saying they've been out he was born in a band of the fourth year of the hedgerow. Less than one year after his son was born, his son was born in Ramadan of the third year and barely had Fatima become cleansed of the delivery when she became pregnant again with Hussein, so has an Hussein are less than a year apart. And there are many a hadith that our Prophet system praised Hassan and Hussein and with regards to sn n Hussain, the prophets of Salaam said Hasson and Hussein are the leaders of the young men of Paradise ceja Dasha Baba Hello gentlemen. And once he hugged the both of
them, and he said, Huma Rihanna t Amina, dunia has an Hussain are my two sweet flowers, fragrances of this world. And I have to tell you, they bring me comfort, they're sweet, they're blessing. These are my two blessings in this world. And we affirm for them all that the prophets are some affirm for them. Hussein was born in Medina, and he lived in Medina until Ali became halifa. And when Andy became Khalifa he moved to Kufa so Hussein moved to Kufa with him. And he was saying witness the two battles of German and Safin along with his old brother Essen. And then Ali was assassinated, as you know, by the hostage when he was assassinated, has said was given the oath of allegiance by the
people of Kufa and more our way I was given the oath of allegiance by the people of Syria. For the first time in the Muslim world. There were two qualifiers, has said on the one side and I and while we are on the other, and while we enhance and we're about to go to war again, but hasn't resigned herself after six months, he resigned, and he did not want any further bloodshed. And so the ad elbaite returned to Medina after Hansen's resignation, and her saying moved to Medina, and he lived there until the death of more Alia, in 68 and 60, after the hedgerow and yazeed coming to power, after which Hussein left Medina, so Medina Kufa Medina, and then he left Medina and we'll talk about
his leaving once we get to use it and how he came to power. There is no doubt that Hussein was greatly respected in his in his lifetime, by all of the companions, Abdullah have now moved into the house was one sitting in the shadow of the Kaaba. And he saw Hussein coming. And he said, This man is the most beloved man on earth, to the inhabitants of the heavens. There's nobody more beloved to those up there than this man. And this is coming from Abu lahab number 11 allows now
let's talk a little bit about your z then the coming of power two years before we get to now the problems between the two. We are all aware vaguely. Even too many of us have not studied this in detail, that towards the end of the time of the Holika Russian Civil War broke out between the Sahaba and more Muslims lost their lives in this civil war in German and Safin.
Then all of the Muslims who had participated in the zoo against the kuffar more Muslims lost their lives in these two wars than all of the Muslims before this time fighting against the sassiness and the Pharisees in the room. All of those Muslims were less than the Muslims who died in general and Switzerland. It was a very traumatic Civil War. And the quantity of Muslims that died was just horrendous. Now, as we said, when hessen came to power in 41, higit up and while we came to power the same year, the two of them almost went to a third Civil War, a third battle, there was Gemma there will Safina there was going to be a third battle bigger and more horrendous than the previous
two. When after much contemplation has been said, No, no more blood is going to be spilled. How lost you wanted that bad while we take it, I will give up. And we as analysts sooner believe that Hasson was more entitled to the whole to be the halifa then more aware, and Hudson was more righteous than more aware. But Hudson was also because of his righteousness. He did not want to spell
spill any blood. And so he voluntarily gave up. And the coup for us and the people of Iraq had a difficult time accepting his own surrender because they're there. He's their leader, but he managed to calm them down. He managed to calm them down. And with a great deal of difficulty, the people of Iraq grudgingly decided to help us throw the towel in with the rest of the oma and hasn't retired peacefully to to wear to Medina, he retired to Medina. And Hussein, it is said was not happy with his brother's decision. And he expressed this but hasn't calmed him down and said this is better for the owner and out of respect for his older brother Hussein did not do anything while his brother was
alive. And he also lived a quiet life and hasn't died in 50 H 50, after the hedgerow Hasson passes away in Medina. Now, after the death of hesson yezidi bin muawiya was nominated by his own father to become the successor and who is yours he then who is more aware he has either been more our way or even Abby soufiane Eben Sahil Eben, how have they been omiya right the bundle omiya. And the bundle Oh, my ear and the Banu Hashim were the most elite of the kurush. And even though they were cousins, there was also as always the case between cousins and brothers some type of rivalry between the two. And this is known throughout this era. And that is why we're in the process of conquered Makkah. He
made the house of Abu sufian one of the most noble houses, if you will, to give the honor to the bundle omega to give them there is that they want it. And I also found is of course the ezines grandfather, right I was to find is the leader. The brother took place because of also fans caravan. He was the leader of Wooster fan, right, so Abu sufian, his grandson is yazeed was Sophie and son is Maria, while your son is yazeed yazeed by unanimous consensus of all the scholars of Islam is not a Sahabi. He's not a companion. He was born in the year 2626, after the digital so more than 15 years after the death of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. And the first thing that we hear about
him as a young man was that his father put him in charge of attacking the famous Roman city of Constantinople, crystallin pollinia, which is now called Istanbul, because the city of Constantinople, his father, more Alia, put yazeed as a young man in his 20s in charge of the army that will attack Constantinople in the heart of the Roman Empire. And it was in this battle that you win and sadly passed away. And that is why to this day of what you build on Sati his grave is in one of the suburbs of Istanbul to this day about you but on Sati his grave is in the suburb of Istanbul, because it is said that when Abu was about to die, he told yazeed that charge in as far as you can
go, and wherever you get just bury me there as close to the walls of Constantinople as you can. And that's exactly what he did that he charged in as far as he could go. And he then buried a bluebird and saw it over there. Now, not ironically, but very interesting. Hussein actually participated as well in this kazoo so he has eaten while we are on the sorry is he then Hussein are on the same side fighting against the Romans and yet history would have a different turn 3040 years later. Now, there's also a hadith by the way that we need to be aware of about this incident, and it is reported in Bahati. Our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said
the first army from my alma to attack the city of the Caesar shall be forgiven. I want to Jason Yazoo pasta Medina
Medina Python mahfouda alone, the first army that shall attack the city of Caesar, which is Constantinople shall be forgiven. And this is really the one blessing that we have to give to yazeed that he was the leader of this army. And no doubt along with his other issues that we will talk about, and we are fair, we look at the good and the bad, the one positive that he has an even amount of zahavi, who is overall very negative of yours. He, he says, with all of his evil, he got this one blessing. And that is the blessing of participating in the army of attacking Constantinople. Now, obviously, it was not successful, and they came back, but it was the first attack on Constantinople.
Now, where are we, after the death of Hudson
decided to nominate you z to be the halifa after him. And this issue has a lot of talk pros and cons, which is beyond the scope of this class. And the bottom line that I will just say, quite categorically, and there's no question about this, we firmly believe that there were far more people qualified to be the halifa than yazeed, that even Omar was alive, even zubayr was alive, per se and was alive, all of these people are alive. And it is something that we firmly believe that these people were more qualified and righteous. And yet, we also believe that it is allowed for a person of lesser stature to be the halifa in the presence of those who are of higher stature. This is
called imama. To rule, a person who's of lesser stature is allowed to be the halifa. It's not the best, it's not ideal. It's allowed over those who are better than him. And we do not have to agree with more obvious decision. This is a very fundamental point of Sunni theology. We respect the Sahaba in their Islam, but we do not have to agree with every political decision they made. We have to be very clear about this, right? We have every right to say look, that wasn't the best decision or that was the best decision. But what we cannot do is to cast aspersions on the NEA and the character of muawiya rhodiola, who tarragon he is so happy End of story. He did what he did, out of
some concern for the oma, whether he is right and wrong, we have the right to discuss. But we cannot doubt his Nia that deep down inside, he wanted some benefit for the oma and of what the benefits he went through, which are pretty obvious. He has witnessed the worst civil wars that were caused because of politics. He wants to close this chapter. And so he says, Call us Let there be no more fighting. My son shall be the halifa after me. And he reasoned to himself, if hessen can become the halifa after it, and has an earlier father, son and father, well, then why can't I and that's his reasoning. But that's we don't have to agree with it. But we must give him the benefit of the doubt.
This is what our religion requires of us that the Sahaba by and large, we must consider them to be people who loved Islam and loved the process and are not traitors, but we do not have to agree with their political decisions. The goal was unity. The goal was avoiding bloodshed. And while we have felt if I nominate my son, nobody can then go to civil war. And so in the lifetime of yazeed while he's alive while he is alive, He is alive. While we announces every one of you must agree that after I die, my son says he shall become the halifa after me by and large the bulk of the Muslim world agreed but Makkah and Medina the provinces of Mecca and Medina refused and what are we elected
linger? He didn't really force it too much on them. He just said inshallah bait he probably felt that when I die, they will have to follow along. And in Makkah, there was Abdullah Zubair, the son was available on a one. And in Medina, there was the LL Beit Hussain and the other other debate, and they both felt that they are more qualified to be the halifa than he is he but in the lifetime of more aware, they didn't do anything political. They just let it be more or we died in Roger of 60. Ah, we're going in chronological order here. Rajab of 60 he died. And
there were three people that the oma was looking at to see what are they going to do? There were three people who had enough clout enough respect, enough political capability that if they cause the human cry, the Romanians are in trouble. Who are these three people? Number one on the list and most of us ignore him because we he was a political Abdullah ibn Omar, the son of Omar
Abdullah bin Omar was the senior most Sahabi that was alive at this time. He is the senior most the most respected Sahabi. Remember, Hussein his respect, primarily his lineage, but he was barely six, seven years old in the process and passed away. Remember? Right. His respect is his blood, his lineage and that is a high respect. But even Omar participated in hawza What's it been Omar participated in Ohio then all the battles afterwards.
Bin Omar is a puppy he is a scholar and we're not comparing no doubt but each has his the the points and they've been Omar was senior to Hussein in terms of experience age and basically participating in hustle watch right? And of course Hussein is senior in terms of blood, nobody can deny that. So even Omar was the main person that the oma was looking at and had been Omar decided to be a political and that is why even taymiyah for example, praises even Omar as having the most wisdom that not having any bloodshed that even Omar said let me not get involved let the oma has suffered enough. And he gave his br two years he but he never took part in politics. And he said to his
children, that look if there's good and easy then and hamdulillah good. If there's bad, then we will be patient at his evil and we'll let Allah judge him. He was not pro yazeed but he didn't make a stand anti is it. He just lived his life with a bada and in 200 and he didn't get involved in politics. The second person was Abdullah Jimenez obey. And again, Abdullah Abu Zubaydah is senior to Hussein an age only an age obviously other ways. He's senior to Hussein an age and he also has done much and his father's as a hobby, his mother's as a hobby, his his grandfather and his whole family is a family of prestige, our beloved in this debate. And he was also a political person from a young
age. And Abdullah Abu Zubaydah decided to revolt. And he revolted in Makkah. And the third person on this list, which is the one that we're going to discuss is, Hussein had been it had been a B thought. So let's talk about her saying know what happened while we are dice and the governor of Medina knows the tension between her saying and the Romanians. So the governor of Medina calls Izzy to his residents his house, and sorry, not using Hussein, the governor but the inner calls are saying to his house, and he asks him to give the oath of allegiance in public tomorrow in the masjid. Let's call any problems Give me the oath of allegiance. And he kept on insisting, insisting
insisting. But her saying refused. And Hussein's when he saw the pressure coming. He said, Okay, give me some time. Let me think, let me see what I can do. And the governor was a soft man, we know who he is. And everything is a soft spoken man. He was not a very harsh person. And so he let it go. Hussein immediately left to his house and informed his family to pack and they were leaving in two hours, literally. Like they're just going to leave the whole city. And the same night. Hussein along with the immediate family left for Makkah in the middle of the night. Hussein left for Makkah in the middle of the night. And he made his way to Makkah, why did he go to Mecca? Because Makkah was
relatively less under the control of the oma yet there was still a little bit more tension. The sympathizers of Abdullah disobeyed as well were were over there, and therefore he wanted to go to Makkah in order to flee the stronghold of Medina. So within the same night he fled to Mecca, news became public that Hussein had fled, and he had not given the oath of allegiance to
the governor, which is yazeed meaning you know, the government on behalf of yazeed and when this spread to all the people of Iraq and in particular the people of Kufa, they rejoiced because they were waiting for rebellion. The people of Kufa were never happy with the Romanians. And when they heard this, it was now Ramadan of 60 hijra. So now it's Ramadan. So the message comes to them that Hussein has refused the allegiance their hopes soar, and they start sending letters and delegations to Hussein in Makkah, telling him that the time is now ripe. We will be behind you come and we will fight against the forces of the Romanians. And
it is said in our books that more than 60 messages came to him. From the people of Kufa on a daily basis, people kept on sending every tribe, the tribe of kin, then the tribe of all of the major tribes of the region of Kufa, they sent their representatives and they're telling him that come over, we need you to lead us against the rebellion against the oma years and they sent many promises and threats as well the threats being that look, we're not even going to pray Juma until you come. What is the issue of praying Juma? praying Juma was also a political act in that the halifa or the governor led Juma prayer, right. So in those days, the governor was the one who led Juma prayer and
therefore by not praying Juma, you are sending the message we don't consider you to be legitimate. We're not going to pray behind you. So they sent a message to her saying, We're not even praying Juma until you come, and that's the message like you had better come we are desperate for your attention and lists upon lists of nobleman sign their names that come and we
We'll be with you, fighting against the oma yet now remember the city of Kufa what is Kufa? Kufa was a very unique and peculiar place, and in the year 37. It was the year that it shifted his Caliphate to Kufa and ever since that time, Kufa became the place of sympathy for the debate. And it was in Kufa that the political movement known as shear ism began. I mean, let me repeat, it was in Kufa that the political movement known as she actually began, in the beginning, it was a political movement, no theology, nakida, no cursing of this and nothing like this. It was just politics. We think our little bait should be the halifa. Right? And this they call themselves she actually, it
himself had a lot of trouble with his own Shia and there are many recorded conversations and many, you know, expressions of frustration from it himself, that you're not you know, doing what you can there's a lot of you're not listening to me as well as you should, and there's a lot of about about are these own tensions with the people of Kufa. Now as we had said, When Hudson gave up or not sorry, when hasn't resigned, give up what hasn't resigned, the people of Kufa were not happy and they wanted rebellion, but hasn't calmed them down and there was still wanting a rebellion hasn't passes away Hussein now takes charge so they say to Hussein, your brother didn't do it you come and
do it come and we will fight you. So a fight with you behind you against the Romanians. Now, Hussein after getting all of these recited all of these letters, he decided to send his cousin to check out is it really worth it for me to go Are we sure that we're able to go and he sent his cousin Muslim even appeal and appeal? So appeal is his older brother? His uncle sorry older uncle and appeal is of course the brother of Jaffa and it right yeah, family appeal is his brother, the brother of Jaffa and Ollie so the son of appeal His name is Muslim. So Muslim even appeal is the first cousin of
of her saying clear, so he sends one of the lol Beatty is an lol bait. And he says to him, check out
his Kufa ready or not? Are they really serious about this or not? So Muslim even appeal left with a small group one or two people that's it, just to find this like, it's like, not a spy, but basically, it's a
scout is what actually scouting mission right? Find out is it worthwhile or not. And so, Muslim arrives in Kufa in the month of al Qaeda 68. Look at how time is coming up. Now we know moharram 16 one is all going to come to an end. Look, now we're already in little card, right? Two months away from the MasterCard we can see what's building up here. So he arrives in Kufa in the month of rural Florida. And the people rejoice like they have never rejoice before. And 1000s upon 1000s of people have property says more than 12,000 people in the course of the next two weeks, gave the oath of allegiance directly to Muslim. And when you give the oath of allegiance, this basically means hello
us we are with you. And the story, no matter what happens. You are our leader. They gave the oath of allegiance to Muslim on behalf of Hussein, basically that were on the side of Hussein. And these 12,000 people they represented the bulk of Kufa over 30 40,000 because each one is representing a mini tribe. So every person who shakes the hand, there's 10 people 15 people behind them, you get the point here, right, this is how they would do the bait that the the leader or the elder would come and give the bar so the bulk of Kufa 30 40,000 people have now claimed that we are with Hussein, Muslim, if an appeal is overjoyed, he's never seen this enthusiasm and support. And so he
writes back a letter that you can sense his excitement. And he writes to her saying that all of the people of Kufa are behind you. So as soon as you get this letter, do not delay come immediately. He's excited. He's seen all of this. The people are just buzzing with excitement. So he says, okay, we are going as soon as you get this letter, come forth, do not delay and make your way to make your way to Kufa. Now, we're going to talk about the letter in a while Let's finish up the story of Muslim what happens to Muslim Okay, so he sends this letter, some time and little card at the end of the Florida of 60 Ah, now, rumors of all of this, you cannot hide this from the people. Eventually
it reaches yazeed in Damascus. Remember yazeed is in Damascus. Hussein is in Medina and his supporters are in Medina and Mecca. Hussein is in Makkah right now sorry, and his supporters are in Kufa right. So remember that basic geography here. Now rumors of this
beginnings of an uprising eventually reached the ears of yazeed. And so he has he The first thing that he does, he sends in the most vicious politician he knows, get rid of the mediocre or the average guys. I want the shrewdest, the most vicious, the most, the one who's going to solve it, and that was a person who was infamous in early Islam, and his name is Ruby de la hip knizia dibner b he he is known as urbans. Yet he is known as Eben Ziad and Eben zeod was really a Machiavellian politician, he got the job done, regardless of the costs, he was loyal to the omae years completely at this time, and his only goal in life really was to rise in the ranks. He just wanted to do
whatever was the job and and basically rise in the ranks of of the era of politics and nobody really has any respect for ovens yet in the amongst the historians in terms of his morals, in terms of his his political abilities. No doubt he was shrewd, that's why he was put in. So the first things he has, he does, he gets rid of the governor of Kufa, who was actually again, a gentle nice person by and large, gets rid of him says you get out of here and he sends Eben Ziad with an entourage a grand total of 17 people. That's it. Even Ziad doesn't need an army right now. He needs brains. He sends Eben Ziad with the grand total of 17 people. So even Ziad was well known as we said to be vicious.
He was also rash and hot tempered, and he was also very young. He's going to become the governor of Kufa. And do you know how old he was 28 years old. And the young men, generally speaking, are very rash. Young men don't act wisely. Right. Young men are quick in their temper and their anger. And at this young age, he is he is putting him in charge of the situation. And there is no doubt this was one of the most dangerous decisions that really led immediately to Karbala, and that is putting this young, tempestuous, basically overzealous person in charge of the whole situation. So even Ziad enters Kufa in the month of little spider 60. Ah, and he tells the governor basically, here's the
letter of your resignation, you get out, I'm in charge now, right? I'm gonna deal with this. And it is said he entered Kufa after fudger prayer and he entered Kufa with the turban around his face as they would typically do. And when he entered in the middle of the basically not middle of the night, but early morning, and he had an entourage the people thought he might be present. So the people began chanting and and and praising As salam o Allah cabina rasulillah Amar haben you know, welcome or son of the Messenger of Allah, we welcome you and you have come to the noble place and and so even Ziad understood that these rumors are these rumors are true that there is a plot that things
are happening here. They're waiting for Hussein to come until finally one of the entourage and he's quiet you can see his shrewdness is trying one of his entourage gets angry and says, shut up, be quiet. This is it Hussein. This is your governor of direct mandibles yet. And that's when people realize something's going on here that the plot has been exposed. So even Ziad takes his residents in the fortress that was the governor's office, and he figures out what am I going to do now the first call to order get to Muslim abenaki? Who's Muslim after the Scout, get to Muslim mouthfeel and find out what's really happening. But how can you figure out where his Muslim athlete in this large
city? How is he going to get to him? Notice his shrewdness, he takes one of his 17 men anonymous that was not known to the people. And he dresses him like a traveler. And he gives him a sack of gold coins, lots of money. And he gives him the plot. You shall pretend that you are
a hella Shia from sham. You are she actually coming from Syria. And you make yourself known to the Shia until you say I have to hand this money to the one in charge. This is an Amana I have a lot of money from the Shia of young of Sham. And until I get to the person in charge, I'm not going to give this money to him. So this spy and this is a spy. Now, this spy spent the next few days basically getting into the houses of the people that were she she actually and when we say she I remember right now this is a political movement. Right now. It's not a theology. Right now this is like democrats and republicans like you have people with a lot of anger and blood between them are
miserable. Like it's not just you know, two team political parties here, and he makes his way slowly but surely, to the house of the host of Muslim women after the host of Muslim who is hosting him. Lo and behold, one of the noble men of Kufa, who pretended to be on the Omega side was secretly a Shiri and this nobleman was known to
To the governor. You see he's playing a game here. Now one of the rich and elite pretends to be pro oma yet, in reality he is pro pro Hussein. And his name was, was his name was Hannibal Hani in Ottawa. So Hannah in Ottawa was one of the noblemen, the leaders. He was like a, if you like, consider him to be in our days it would be like a senator or congressman of the city, like he's known to everybody. And publicly, he's pro oma yet and he's visiting the governor's mansion every few days, right sipping tea with him, but in reality, he is pro Shiri he's pro Hussein. So lo and behold, this spy uncovers that Muslim has been hacked. Sorry, honey bin odo is the main person
organizing it. And Hani insists you have to hand it to me. I'm not going to let you see Muslim have been handed to me. So he hands him with the money because now he's figured out this is the head right? Soon as he hands him the money. He then basically slink slowly disappears, goes and tells Eben Ziad the culprit is Hani Ivanova, he's the brains. And so even Ziad calls Hani
to his residence and after the Civil threes are over urban Ziad tells him You are the one who is housing Muslim webinar, please hand me over Muslim and I might forgive you. He denies he denies I don't know what you're talking about. Then he calls the spy out. And so honey sees this plot has been exposed, the spy comes out and he goes, I'm the one who gave you the money, right? You're gonna now deny to my face. So he realizes the plot has been exposed and Eben Ziad takes his spear and causes him to bleed, he doesn't kill him on the spot, and he beats him up, because he's in his eyes. He is a trader, that we thought you were a respected person. It turns out that you're backstabbing
us when the news that that hand is being beaten and he's being tortured spreads in the city, the tribesmen of honey come to the governor's residence, and they demand you have to hand over our leader or else we will rebel. And even Ziad negotiates with them and he says, No, no, I have no intention to harm him. I'm just finding out where as Muslim women are clean, and we're not going to do anything to him, don't worry. So he calms them down and the tribesmen go back. In the meantime, of course, Muslim of an athlete realizes the plots have exposed, the plot exposed, realizing that there is no going back, he sends the secret message to his followers. There is a secret code that
had been put into place because they didn't realize that and one of the reasons why later on she believed in this thing called D and E and hiding now, they really did go through political repression. They went through a lot of difficult times. So they had to invent the doctrine of hiding of Hitman of keeping things secret. So he had a secret code and that code was Yeah, mon Sol emits yamamura image was the code that we're going to attack, come to arms and come prepared for battle. This was the secret code. So when he realizes that handy has been imprisoned in the house of the governor Eben Ziad, he sends forth the cry. Now remember, 12,000 had given him beta. By their hand
30 40,000 of the city was technically behind him. Well, when the cry comes out, a semi respectable 4000 come forth, out of the 12,000 that actually gave the beta 4000 come armed to the hilt ready for battle. And that's still okay. 4000 against a small entourage of Libyans, yeah, you might actually get somewhere so these 4000 come forth, and they agree they're going to march to the the fortress, the battle, they fear, they're going to free hand and they're gonna kill Eben Ziad. Now, Muslim avenatti comes with his entourage of 4000. And they camped outside the gate of the fortress. Even Ziad, the shrewd politician that he is, he assesses who is out there, which tribes are out there.
And from every one of the tribes that he sees, he finds a sympathizer in his own group, and he negotiates a deal with them to cut off one tribe after another, right, he realized the Arabs at that time were tribes, and every tribe is going to follow its leader. And so what he does is he works out with every single tribe, what do they need, that they're going to not support Hussein, and the and the Shia, or the uprising against him. And slowly but and so much so of poverty and others they mentioned, he even used mothers and fathers against their children that he sent to the mothers in to say that come home now. Can't you see there are so many people don't worry about it. You know, I
don't want to lose you. It's emotional blackmail. And the father is also said to their sons that what are you going to do when the Syrians arrive with their troops? Are you going to die in battle for what cause come home now. So he used whatever means that he can, and one by one and in front of his very eyes, Muslim webinar skills eyes, people began deserting the army until within that day, beginning in the morning at 4000 by the time also
comes along less than 70 men are left from 4000. And again remember they are leaving in droves because most of it been sorry. I've been
Zyban. Ziad is negotiating with every tribe, and he's sending them bribes and he's doing whatever he can you stop and I'll give you this, you will remove your men and I'll give you that. And with a little bit of bribes, they all dispersed. And by the time Muslim avenatti prays Muslim, barely 30 people prayed solid behind him. And when he turned around and darkness has fallen from 30, it is now 10. And he is obviously fuming and angry, and he is remonstrating with them. How could you have done this and that now, what are we going to do? 10 people outside the gate, right. And he decides to basically regroup and spend the night in the quarters of the Kindle. The Kindle was one of the main
supporters of she actually the tribe of Kindle. And in those days, the city was divided into different, you know, tribes like each tribe living in his own area. So he left the fortress and he walked his way back to kingdom with these 10 people, and so panela under the cover of night, and as he's walking in the alleyways, every one of these 10 slinks away until he literally finds himself alone, discarded without even a shelter over his head, without even money or food or drink. Like literally to the last man, they abandoned the cousin of her saying, and that is Muslim of an athlete, the grandson of able bodied Muslim, an athlete they've been a big part of this is the
grandson of a Bhupati. They abandoned him down to a last man, how long did it take them? 12 hours? What would it require? Just money and bribes, that's all was required. And they all disappeared, and must've have an athlete is literally left penniless. In a city that had promised 40,000 men, he doesn't even have food and water. And after a while, in the middle of the night, tired, hungry, thirsty, he is forced to go to an anonymous door, put this delicate and Allah He knocks on the door. And an old lady of kingda opens up and he says I am a beggar wanting some food and water panel. This is the cousin of her saying, I need some food and water. He's hungry. What is he going to do? And so
the lady gives him whatever, some water and whatnot. And then he remains standing. She says shoo get away. I gave you what you wanted. But clearly something you can tell this isn't just a beggar. And he decides to risk it. And he tells her and it's an old lady. He tells her I am Muslim and happy.
Can you help me begging from an old lady because there's no other there's nothing else he can do. The lady has pity on him. And she says come I will protect you. So he goes into her house. And the next morning, her son comes from work to visit his mother and there is a man in the house. So she has to explain. And she says my son Please, I beg you to not expose this man he is Muslim to be narky. But the son is greedy for money as well. And the son within a day or two, he makes an excuse. He has to go to the masjid because he doesn't want to tell his mother that you know he's gone. So he pretends to go to the masjid. He actually does go to the masjid in the masjid. He sees the
lieutenant of Ibn Ziad, and he tells the lieutenant that I have Muslim lactating in my house, send the troops. And so the next thing, even after he knows his whole house is surrounded by troops. He tries to fight whatever he can, but obviously one man against a convoy and also they threatened to burn the house down and he doesn't want to cause harm to the old lady. And so he exits and he surrenders. And one of the people who is famous, but again, these names have to just be glossed on his name is Abdullah, Mohammed in a shot the very famous even Russia, well known to the historians, he was the the leader of this entourage to arrest him, he promises him I won't harm you, even though
he was to break the promise. And so he surrenders. Even if he surrenders, and on his way to the governor's house, in a shot, he has a lot of pros and cons. And he has again, historians have a lot to talk about him. But he did have some soft spot in the end of the day. And he made an appeal made even a shot promise. One thing, just one thing, whatever you do with me just one thing, get the message to her saying that if an appeal has sent you that he has been taken prisoner, and for all he knows he might be killed. And the message is, get back to Makkah, go away. The people of Kufa will betray you leave, leave, leave, flee for your lives. This is the message right? And even as
promised, okay, whatever happens, I will get this message to him, right? Don't worry then that you have for me. And in fact, as we will see, he did do that. So even though he says to me that I should go tell you saying he's on his way I sent him a letter he must be on his way. Now. Go tell him that the coup funds have lied. They've betrayed me and flee back to Mecca and Medina do not step foot in Kufa. So
Later on in that day, after he goes to the governor and the governor also beats him up and is harsh and rude to him. And that day was the day of out of the ninth of June hijjah in the 16th year of the hedgerow, so we have one year left or sorry one month left before the massacre, on the ninth of June hedger on the holiest day of the year, must have an appeal, the grandson of the son of the cousin of the prophet SAW, I send them the first cousin of Hussein, he is taken to the highest ramparts on the fortress, and in front of the whole city, he is thrown to his death to be killed in a humiliating manner. And the last words that he said before is still fall into Helene and Shahada, the last word
that he said, he said, Oh Allah, you will be the judge between us and our own. She our own people, they deceived us and they deserted us. He said as the last thing he said before the Kadima before the shadow, you will be the judge of Allah. They promised they promised they promised. And now here I am not a single man to defend me. And of course, her saint is on his way. And he has just now Muslim of an upgrade has been killed. Her son has no way of knowing this now, right? The only letter he got was Now remember, this is obviously before the age of telephones, internet media. It will take at least two and a half weeks from Kufa to MK at least two and a half weeks to get a message
there. Right. And therefore her saying gets the message come immediately. He packed his bags, as we'll talk about he left, right. He has no idea what's happening in Kufa, the people have been betrayed, his cousin has been killed. The host that hosted him as well was not just killed but crucified in the city center. And a number of other key players were killed and their bodies put in the city center for everybody to see. And the message is being given that this is what's going to happen if you turn against the oma yet, dynasty. Now remember, cavemen Ziad had entered Kufa with only 17 men and the infrastructure basically agreed to follow Evans yet. He didn't have the police
entering he didn't have the army right now. He didn't have any group. This was an instantaneous message that yazeed sends even Ziad with a small entourage, it was just the fear of what might happen if they disobeyed Urban's yet that caused and of course, bribery that causes all of the coupons to basically disappear when they were most needed. And this was a sign of what is about to happen. The killing of an athlete and the betrayal of an athlete was just one sign of what's going to happen. Now. All of this took place in Kufa. Let's now go to Medina what's happening in Medina, if an athlete was killed either ninth or 10th of June hedger and a Muslim even athlete of course has
sent a letter to Hussein. Hussein has already gotten the letter weeks ago, right before his death before the death of Muslim have been outplayed. And he makes his preparation to leave and he announces that I am going now maccha is a bit safer. The woman he has don't have that much control over maccha so he can make some announcements that people are more free to do as they please, he makes an announcement he is going to Kufa
in Makkah, every single one of the senior Sahaba that was alive, advised him against it. And we have so many narrations even in books of Hadith not just books of history. In books of Hadith we have narrations that Abdullah have been abuzz especially and Abdullah have an Ibis is also a little bit right Ibis is the uncle of the processing of the living Ibis is the cousin of Adi, his father's cousin, I've loved him that bus is way senior to her saying in terms of age and wisdom and participation in the hustle what Abdullah hepatoma job it didn't Abdullah comes to Makkah and warns him, boo, sorry, the hoodie, every one of the Sahaba that was in the ages, and they heard that he's
preparing to basically because this is a preparation that is now is going to be war. You're going to Kufa you're going to have the people of Kufa behind you. And you might use on the other side, this is going to be war. All of the Sahaba were opposed to this, they've been through enough. And they feel that Hussein is being a little bit rash, that he was young when Sophia and Gemma took place. He's not old enough to realize the dangers or whatnot, her saying calm down her saying this is not the way to go forward, you're going to cause destruction, you're not going to bring about any good. But her saying was insistent and he showed them the letters of the people of Iraq. And he said look
at all of these letters and he had two bags full now what are bags these are the massive bags you put on the camels. These are like huge, you know, leather cases that the camel has one bag on one side, the other bag on the other. He said, Look, all of these letters have come from Kufa. Surely I have support and jabber said to him, Do you not know how they betrayed your own father? Don't you remember the problem is your own father had with the people of Kufa, but he said no, they wouldn't do this. Now this is now clearly they're going to support me
He left with his family on the eighth of June hedger one day before Muslim have been upgraded thrown from the top right. On the eighth of the ledger, he leaves Makkah, and he takes with him his younger brothers. Now, Ali had married after Fatima and Ali had children that we're younger than Hussein. The most famous of these was Mohammed Hanafi. Mohammed Hanif, he is a brother of Hassan and Hussein but not through, not through fault him right, that's what he's called ignorant hanafy his mother was from the tribe of the blue hanifa. And there were other brothers as well that were even younger than Mohammed. Mohammed is the most famous of them and the oldest of them after Hussein, and he also
takes with him.
his nephews from the other brothers, who has sorry his nephews from hesson husbands children, he takes some of Heston's children and he takes as well some of Eben appeals children. These are all young men now, right Muslim women African has just died they don't know this. He takes him and his children and he takes Abdullah bin jar for his children Jaffa remember Jaffa the cousin who died when did he die? We just did it in this era. When did he die? Oh, we didn't do into this theater sorry, bottle of water. We're gonna do that soon. That's why the back of the motor he died. Right. Jaffer passed away. These are the sons of Jaffa and the grandsons of Jaffa. So the bait come forth.
The total entourage when they left Makkah was over 100 people, over 100 people including women and children. Now,
the books of history inside in a civil court he mentions that Mohammed Abdel Hanafi, his younger brother, went with him walking outside the city, persuading or trying to persuade him to the very last minute that Don't go, don't go, this is not gonna bode well for you. And he said, and is also mentioned that Abdullah had been abus, who was in Medina at the time, when he found out that Hussein is going to Kufa he actually intercepted the caravan outside of Medina, basically, you know, finding where it is. And he went from Medina. And he intercepted the caravan, the senior one of the senior most Sahaba. And he is also a little bit I believe in a bus is also a little bit and the both of
them, Mohammed Hanafi, and I believe in our bus are this are very senior in the debate, and they're convincing Hussein not to go this is going to be bloodshed. And Hussein answers the both of them with the phrase that clearly shows what he has in mind and what his intention was, and that is, I would rather die elsewhere than to open up the door for the hatom to become an area of bloodshed. Meaning what if he remains in Makkah,
they'll come to Mecca.
And so out of respect for Makkah, I don't want a civil war to take place in Mecca. I would rather die anywhere in the world, then open up the harem to become blood. Bloody, right, and so out of respect for maca, but he has his mind that he wants to try to get to the power, but he doesn't want to open it up in the harem. So he goes even if I die, that's fine. I'm not going to die in Makkah and cause bloodshed in Makkah. And, as we said even above even in Omar, other of the Sahaba. In fact, even Omar bin Omar who was as we said the senior most companion alive, Abdullah bin Omar is the most respected Sahabi alive during this incident. It bin Omar tracks him down on the way and Bin
Omar says to him something very profound. And this is mentioned in our books of Hadith inhibin and others. This isn't a hadith book. It's not even in the books of Sierra is also there, but it's also in Hadith books. Even Omar says to him the very final thing when he's given up all hope, he says, okay, call us. Let me tell you a hadith. I heard from the prophets, I send them and I've never told anybody this heads before. You're the first person I am telling. Now this headache is known to all of us. But when he said it, it wasn't known to him. Right now we all know this. What is this hadith? He said, when the Prophet system was on his deathbed, God came to visit him and God gave him the
choice. If you want this dunya you shall have it
and if you want the aka you shall have it.
We know this hadith that right at the end of the life of the process of Jubilee allowed him Do you want to live longer and get the dunya? Or do you want to meet Allah subhana wa Tada, right? We know this Hadith, right? And of course, what did the process of choose to meet Allah Subhana he doesn't want this dunya then what is even more derived from this event, Omar said and you are a part of the Prophet system builder. You are the grandson. Right. So when the processor chose the era, he chose for you basically. Right? And so you will not get any share of power.
Because the process and said I don't want the dunya I want the archaea and you Yahoo saying are a part of him. So
When he chose the lira, you guys are not meant to be kings. That's what he's telling him. Right? You are not meant to be kings. Now he didn't say the word King. But he said, but you shall not share any matter of that meaning of power. And the law has only turned it away from you, to give you something better instead, meaning it is for your own benefit that you are not kings, and will lie This is so true brothers and sisters, we believe this, that when you are a king or a ruler, politics always makes people unpopular. Politics, nobody likes politicians. This is a general rule. Right? Politics brings about sub Ben Chatham and fine and this and that. And the idle debate should be preserved
from that. The other debater above this, the idle better, righteous and pure. And so it'd be normal is saying, You are not meant to become kings, you're meant to be righteous people, Allah has meant something higher for you Don't go. And so he's trying to convince him to the very last. And then he said to him, and as for the people of Iraq, don't you remember the treachery they gave to your own father? Have you forgotten now, the treachery they gave to It is beyond the scope of this class, you should just realize that it always complained about the people of Iraq, and you know, the problems that he had with them, but he still refused to listen. So everybody has told him it's not a wise
idea, including his own Brother Mohammed bin Hanafi. And that is why Mohammed and Han Fei refused to allow any of his own sons to go. Mohammed Abu hanifa, none of his own sons went to help Hussein to cut up what happened in Karbala because he thought this is not a wise decision. Right. And the point here is very clear brothers and sisters, and that is contrary to what the other group says. It's not a black and white issue. It's not a black and white. It's not that you're either on this side or on that side. We are on the side of her saying that we love him. But we say this decision wasn't in the best interest of her saying or of the debate or of the oma, we are not on the side of yazeed if
anybody were on the side of a bus and even Roma, right, that don't like your seat. This is this is our position as I'll come to the end. Is it easy to stop for the law is not our hero, Hola, hola, Bella. But Hussain, we love him. But we say his emotions got the better of him. And it would have been better for him and the debate if he listened to the other other debate, the senior ahlulbayt such as even a boss or the senior Sahaba such as even Roma. Nobody can accuse Eben Abbas of being pro use it. Nobody could accuse him of being pro use it. But they were also anti heroes of saying they weren't anti christian. There was saying this isn't the best decision. Nonetheless, he refused
and he persisted to go forward. And when he comes close to Iraq, he sends a messenger to the people of Kufa that basically guys I'm coming, right get Be ready, I am coming. Now. Even Xia is now back in Kufa, He is waiting for Hussein to come. And anybody who's entering the city is being monitored extra now, right now, Hussein has no idea that even Ziad is in charge even he still thinks the old governor is in charge. Hussein has no idea that an update has been killed. Her son has no idea the plot has been exposed. He's in the middle of the desert, he's going there who's gonna send him a message as of yet nothing happens. So he sends a messenger. The messenger is caught by the forces of
urban Ziad and executed, the messenger doesn't return, he sends a second messenger. Again, because it means the ad is on the prowl. Once again, this messenger is caught and is executed. But the second messenger, he actually manages to get the message to the people that Hussein is just coming you had better prepare yourselves, and how does he do this as a brave man, that he too was taken to the height of the the tower to be thrown away. But the last thing that he said he shouted out to the people that are people of Kufa, Hussein is on his way, he's just about to come Prepare yourselves. So he's still hoping that they might do something, right. So on his way down, basically, he warns
them that present is on his way and prepare yourself. Now. Eventually, Hussein is very close to Kufa and it is here that finally even a shot messenger reaches and was shot. The lieutenant who captured if an athlete right he was faithful to this one request, even though he killed him. He was still faithful he made him promise that you must send her saying so finally the message reaches her saying, and the whole episode is now in front of his eyes. If an athlete has been killed, your followers have the main leaders have been crucified in the compound in the middle of the city. And none of the coup friends has supported if an athlete and you have been betrayed and the message from
an athlete flee and go back to Mecca do not step foot in Kufa and he is persuaded now to abandon very close to being a lot. There's nobody in Kufa to do it. But now the dialogue begins in his own camp. And remember Muslim women are paid his own sons are a part of the group. Now their father has just been killed.
They want revenge.
And they say, we are not going to go back. We are going to avenge the death of our father. And while this is going on another person in the party remarks that Oh, her saying, You are not like an athlete. When the people of Kufa see you
there's no way they would abandon you. You are the symptom. Maybe you are even rasulillah even meaning and metaphorically grandson. You are you are you are. And so the anger of the death of Muslims have an appeal and the encouragement of this other crowd and will lie it makes sense. I mean, really, if you think about it from his perspective, now, what is really key here for us as Sunni Muslims, in contrast to the Shia, other interpretation, we do not believe that Hussein march to a suicide.
We believe her saying really thought he would when you see the difference here, right. From the Shia perspective, they say if Hussein knew he was marching to his death, but we say no, Hussein, genuinely believed that when he got to Kufa, the people would support him, and that people would then fight him against the Romanians, and he's still hoping because remember Kufa is the one of the largest cities of the Muslim world at the time, right? We sat around 30 40,000 people have, you know, proverbially basically supported the uprising of Hussein. So,
he continued, decides to march forward and that was, of course, the mistake he made, he decides to march forward and Bismillah let's see if we can get to Kufa. Now, meanwhile, when when when the people of Kufa hear that Hussein is coming in Zia, the requests backing and reinforcement and
even Ziad gets a large amount of troops that were sent to fight one of the Turkish provinces called the province of daenam. The Dolomites that they were going to wage a lawsuit against the data mites 4000 men and even Ziad intercepted them and he got permission from music that I need them against. Against Hussein, right. So these people were not sent from demisch to fight Hussein. They were sent to fight the daylights the target group up south, I mean, East sorry, East or northeast, right. They were sent to fight a Turkish group north east, and he got permission.
Northwest, Northwest, it is Northwest from Kufa, northeast or Northwest. I don't remember whether it's Northwest, yes, Northwest north northwest, this datum is Northwest. You're right. So the point being Northwest northeast, they weren't sent to fight her saying their Nia was to fight the data mites. And he got permission to intercept this large group of troops and use them to basically threaten your person. So
Hussein basically makes his way to Kufa and it is in the plains of Karbala, where these 4000 men intercept Hussein, right, these 4000 men intercept her scene. Now,
Karbala is literally a mode of metaphorically a stone's throw away from Kufa It is very close to Kufa these days you can drive between Karbala and Kufa short drive, it's not something that is a far away distance. So Hussein makes his way basically to a stone's throw outside of Kufa, and on the third of moharram. In the year 6100 on this is when the forces of Ibn Ziad intercept the small entourage of Hussein, and we had said that they were 100 people. And along the way more and more people joined, because they're excited when the messenger of imminent shock came and said to him, flee and run and go back. Hussein made an announcement that look whoever wants to leave can leave,
because we have got the message that the situation is precarious. So guess what, everybody left once again, except for the ad elevate the blood relatives, once again, everybody basically left. And so they move down once again to probably around 70 or 80 people at this point in time. And the the leader of the army that was sent to them the leader of the army was Omar inside even Abby waqqas society may be of course the famous Sahabi. Right. His son is Omar. Omar is not a Sahabi. So whatever he did didn't do it has nothing to do with the Sahaba. His father died a long time ago and this has nothing to do with his father. His father and him are basically two separate people. This
is Omar the son of side the baby will cost and Omar is the military commander. So we need to know keep the hierarchy here. The governor is Urban's yet. The military commander Romo inside even a be walk Buster moment.
And from the books of history, at least from our version of events, automotive genocide,
he was reluctant to basically trap Hussein and continue doing what was ordered to be done. But he also didn't stand up and say no. And so this makes him really guilty in his own way. But he wasn't the one encouraging. He basically was, as they say, the loyal soldier, that he tried his best, but he, in the end, did what he was told. And what he was told to do was obviously very wrong to do nonetheless, oh my goodness that intercepts the entourage of her saying, and this takes place on what day third of moharram 61 Ah, right now, contrary to the other reports of the boom enough and other reports, that the siege lasted for 40 days and it was starving and, and, and thirst and
whatnot. These are, you know, exaggerations that really are very, you know, they're very painful when you hear them but there's no authenticity to them. The actual siege lasted five days, six days Max, right, the actual CG was not drawn out for weeks and weeks, it's not even possible. If you calculate it out, it's not even possible to have a CG that long, knowing that it left from the hurricane left Medina, this time, you would have reached out about at that time, it's not even possible for a siege to last for 4050 days. At this point in time. The Siege is not even a siege. It's basically they're stopped and they're surrounded, called the decision his own way. But they're
stopped and surrounded on the third of Muharram. genocide sends a messenger to her saying, Why have you come? Why have you left Makkah.
And Hussein says, I have come at the invitation of the people of Kufa. And here are their messages and he has those two big bags of hundreds of messages. He are their messages that I didn't come of my own accord. They don't want the words, they have asked me to be their leader and I have come to be their leader. Honest, there is no this is her saying he's not gonna stop for a lawyer be a coward. He told them the truth. They don't want you. They told me to be their leader and I am here to be their leader.
And
he said to Omar, that and he sees the situation is tense. He says that look, if they no longer want me, if they have abandoned me as I have heard, then I will abandon them and I will go back as well. Let me go back now. Now that you surrounded me, I'm not going to we don't have an army to fight you. Let me go back. So Roma riboside sent a messenger to even Ziad now again this message is going to take a few half a day less than half a day go back to the city come back here and even Ziad sends the message back that tell us EAD sorry teleco st excuse me, tell her saying he must come to me in the palace and give me the oath of allegiance on behalf of your seat.
So even Ziad is arrogant, beyond reason.
Now, very clear point here. This took place, probably on the third of Muharram itself, maybe even the fourth of Mahabharata. Right? It is impossible that a message would have come from Kufa to Damascus in yazeed. And then yazeed sends a message back about what to do.
what we believe is that the main culprit of this entire episode is urban z yet.
This is the main culprit, that urban Ziad acted impulsively and we'll talk about using it in a while and he insisted you must bring her saying to me now what arrogance? Who are you, you 28 year old kid, you're going to ask the grandson of the process of them to come humbly to you after he has said no to more Alia directly and yazzie directly now he's going to come and kiss your hand. Well, ah, he This is arrogance. And we would not expect Hussein to do this. He said no, I'm not going to do this. I'm not going to go to Urban's yard and and and kiss his hand and and give the back to him on behalf of easy right so when the message came from admins yet he must come to me. Hussein then says to set
it up inside excuse me, he says derivative massage look go back and tell him one of three options. I give you three options, choose whichever you want. Number one, let me go back to
Makkah palace. Okay, I wasn't able to get the people of Kufa let me go back the way I was. Okay. Number two, if you refuse to do this, then take me to your z directly and I will speak to him directly.
Now this is actually a sign of bravery. And it's also assigned by the way and this is very key here that Hussein felt more comfortable negotiating directly with you xid than with this impetuous governor Evans yet because you're saying is it have a history they've known each other not friends right? But Hussein as you'd have negotiated together her saying knows yazeed stands disease knows her saying stance and more our we're his father had been very key
careful about making Hassan and Hussein irritated that he was very respectful. He gave them stipends, whatever he could do to just basically give them some respect. And he told us that Be careful of Hussein and show him the utmost respect, make sure he never flips against you. So yazeed Hussain actually said, let me go to him directly, and I'll negotiate something. And if he had gone, we don't expect you to have compromised you would have been firm. But it is our estimation that yazeed would never have killed her saying directly. This is our estimation, right? And the books of history tend to prove this, as we will see, this is the second option, then there's the third option
if you refuse this or that, then send me into exile into one of the faraway lands. If you're not going to let me live in Makkah, or take me to yazeed, then helaas lets me be okay. You have one, and I will just worship a line in some faraway land. Right. Now, these three conditions were so reasonable that one of the
close friends of Assad said will law he if the Turks and the Dolomites gave you, one of these three conditions you will be forced to accept them, how reasonable What more do you want and normative nisarg became happy that Okay, now we're going to solve this and he went personally to Ibn Ziad and he said, okay, choose one of these three, which one
had been Ziad refused all three.
And had been Ziad said, either war or my hand. These are the two options you have. You either come and you put your hand in mind and you give the bay on behalf of yazeed or else there is no other alternative. And even Ziad sent one of his close entourage. And this really was the ruthless warrior. szymon. Shimmer is his name that he sent shim it in the village ocean was his name, Shema urban village ocean. And this really the way that history portrays him and will like a rewrite to do so as being the barbaric, cruel warrior that he was bloodthirsty. And we have no reason to doubt this is the way he was that he sends Schimmel to basically become the shadow of automotive inside,
because irmasat seems to have a soft spot, right? So he sends shivers to basically monitor automotive inside. And he sends shimmered that these are the two conditions you have two options. You either come to me humbly and and and put your hand in mind or else there is war. And by the time shimba comes, this is the ninth of moharram the night so for six days, five, six days, five and a half days, back and forth, back and forth, back and forth. Finally, on the ninth and moharram, shimmer comes and says you either come to urban Ziad or else tomorrow there will be war, right? And there was a lot of tension. And many of the people on the side of automotive genocide, either
abandon the army of yazeed or the army of ovens yet and a small group of them actually defected over to the site of Hussein
a small group of them we didn't come to fight the grandson of the process and I'm now you're going to a small group of them came over to the site of Hussein right now, the people of Kufa know full well what's going on. It's happening under their nose literally under their nose. Six Days go by, and not a single one of them comes forth to help the very person whom they have promised. It's literally happening there. And nobody comes to help. You're saying isn't it? And so of course Hussein refuse to go to even Ziad will lie This is exactly what we expect. Well, that is exactly what we expect. Hussein was not to coward, Hussein is not when he was at a time of peace and
security at a time of his he refused to get back to your seat. Now you expect it to get better I want his life is threatened that Hola Hola, Bella, no way. This is the grandson of the process of them. If you're going to kill him, you're going to kill him with dignity and karma. And there's no doubt that he chose the bravery of the two option now that he's trapped his backers to a wall he's not going to go begging for his life in the hands of this young impetuous governor. And so he refuses. And he says Be as it may, I am not going to go give bail to urban Ziad on behalf of yazeed. And so it came to pass on the morning of the 10th of Muharram of 61 hedgerow that a cruel and
pitiless battle took place. On the one hand, you have barely 6070 men. And on the other hand, you have three 4000 people. On the one hand, you have the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and the other other hand you have a bunch of rebels and army generals and whatnot. And so it came to pass that the grandson of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, what his own grandfather said about him came true, because it is authentically narrated in our own Sunni books of of of Hadith that are the father once came to the Prophet salallahu idea he was setting them and he
I saw him crying. And he said my up Kiki rasulillah Why are you crying or messenger of Allah? Tears are coming out of his eyes. Why are your tears coming out of your eyes? So he said, and this hadith is in western in my mind and on top of mine is authentic. He said, God just came to me. And he told me that my own oma shall kill Hussein
next to the Euphrates River, and he brought me some of that sand where he will be killed. And this one has made me cry. And the narrative the headaches said that and we knew that that sand, we later knew that the sound was the sound of Karbala. And so the army zoomed in on the cap, the entourage and there was no there was no warriors or fighters here. These are just a small group of men, most of whom are at a debate. And Hussein in the beginning, was protected by the debate and they fought on his behalf, but one by one as they were killed, and Hussein is left standing. And
as in the very final act, Hussein kept on charging on and who amongst them would dare come forth and raise a sword against the grandson of the Prophet salallahu it he was sending them and so everybody was just trying to avoid his own sword. Hussein's sword who's gonna raise his hand until it was that infamous that evil that brute it was shimmered even Joe, that gave the commands to attack and shimmer led a small group of three or four people along with the person they say who actually Delft the actual final blow. His name is cnn Ibn ns somebody in the books of history, CNN Ibn Ennis, who gave him the final death blow and as a final act of brutality, as a final act of brutality, shaman
and CNN. They cut off the head of Hussein ibn Ali ibn authority, and they sent it to Eben Ziad on a plate as a gift, the Hello Dakota illa Billah and even Ziad when he got this plate with the head. And this is the first time in Islamic history such a barbaric Jaya Healy act was done. This is the first time ever This was done. And it shows you the mentality of the people who did this. And when urban Ziad got this head on a on a plate, he took a stick, and he began poking the head of her saying, and saying things, vulgar things, and under 70 Malik was there in Kufa at the time he was an old man, and it said, nomadic, the famous Sahabi and he could not stand this and he stood up in the
gathering. And he said, Well law he I saw the Prophet so seldom kiss those very lips that you are now hitting with this stick the holder of water lapping law. And he said that nobody resemble the process in more than Hussein and will lie our hearts cry for Hussein, and will law he We are the Shia of the real Shia of Hussein, and will lie I swear by Allah that if we had been there, we would hope to Allah that we would defend the grandson of the process and against anybody who dares raise his hand against him. Well ah here we are the true Shia of Hussein and those who killed her saying those who killed Hussein they will have to answer to Allah for one of the worst murders committed
this child that the process of them played with and he put him on his back and he kissed him all over and now his head is on a plate and had been Ziad is poking it under 70 Malik could not stand this and he said this very lips that you are making fun of when you are poking. I saw the Prophet so some kids those very lips and he said that Hussein resemble the process and most in his manners. And there are some reports as well that even Ziad sent it to yazeed but these reports seem to be a confusion It was not yazeed who poked to the face of her saying it was even Ziad. This seems to be the the the correct version of events he has he did not poke the face of her saying it was a bin
Zayed and in total, over 70 people were killed in the party of her saying 15 of them a little bait and all of the women and children were protected. None of them were harmed. The only male survivor was the son of Hussain Ali, known as Dana Aberdeen, Alison Aberdeen, and the reason why he was saved from the massacre. He was sick with a very high fever, and he was in the tent of the women. And he was just tossing and turning in bed with that fever. And so when the massacre took place, he was actually in the tent of the women. So he was basically then spared. And so the progeny of Hussein to this day goes through Ali, Xin Aladdin, and then mattres went on from their analysis and brief
comments before we conclude, what are some of the effects of this massacre?
Many effects, most importantly, for years after the death of Hussein 65 Pedro, the people of Kufa who called themselves she actually this is the origin of the term she actually we are the party of Allie. They kept on feeling guilty, guilty, guilty for what they had done. And in the 65th year of the digital on the
10th of Muharram a group emerge from amongst them who call themselves the tow boon. We're sorry, the painters, and they made it their duty to extract vengeance on those who had killed Hussein. And they said, They're going to kill everybody who participated in the master Grover Hussain and on their way to Syria to kill ebensburg. They passed by Karbala and of course, the body of Hussein most is most likely buried in Karbala, and they spent the whole night lamenting and crying and singing poetry and beating themselves. Why? For having failed to protect her sane when Hussein needed their help, and with this incident, we can mark the beginnings of theological shear ism up until this point in time
Shia Islam is a political movement political they don't say that the debater this and that they don't say that a robot could it no all of this is not there. It's just oma years versus other debate. And these are pro elbaite and anti omae that's it with this incident slowly but surely theology got added into it. And you know, the issue of making the descendants of it into Imams and into you know, figures that we consider to be above and beyond what is our Shetty says this began after the death of crusade with the death of her saying is the birth of theological shear ism that From this day on a theology began to be you know devised and then from there of course, another turn
took place. And this incident Believe it or not, was very similarly repeated a deja vu took place in 122 Ah, from the son of Ali Abner Hussain zeta Aberdeen, and his name is Zaid, when zayde the son of God, the son of Hussein, the Son of God, the son of urbinati. See the lineage right. Zaid was one second in Medina and the people of Kufa promised him the same thing. His older relatives said Don't go Don't go Don't go and Zaid said no, this time is going to be different. So in 122 Ah, Zaid did the same journey from Medina to Kufa and in Kufa, the people quizzed him, and they most of them rejected him. Why? Because they said to him, Do you curse Abu Bakr and Omar why because in Kufa
theology is changing. And Kufa they're making a theology out of it, and I will work in an armor become the worst people. So they said, Do you curse Abu Bakr and Omar and they even alley said was the Rasulullah sallallahu Sallam these were there was years of the process of you want me to curse I will bucket an aroma. And I'm not possible. I am simply against the overuse basically. Right. And this shows us the real clash between theological Shiism and political Shiism, the debate where she politically, not theologically and the Shia of Kufa became Shiite, what we call Shia, the irony of ironies when Zaid came, they rejected their own mom as being too Sunni. Basically, they rejected
their own Imam that you don't curse a book on on how can we fight behind you. So they did not fight behind him. And the oma years came sorry, there are buses this time, buses came and the buses master crusade. And this was the beginning of what we call a de shear ism is a de shear ism is a different branch of shear ism. It is still strong and powerful in Yemen, the only country in the world where you have say the Shia is Yemen. And you have the eastern actually Shia which is the Shia of Buxton in Bahrain and and Iran and Iraq. This is twelver Shiism, you compare the doctrines of zedi Shia Islam with twelver Shia Islam and you see the reality between political Shia Islam and theological
Shia Islam. They the sheer ism respectable Baka and oma, they the Shia Islam does not curse the Sahaba they the sheer ism don't consider the mom to be infallible, and there's one mom and all of this is not there as he shares them. Right? They the sheer ism is the real shear ism of the debate.
There's no theology that the 12 or she doesn't want to hold different way. And that's the story beyond the scope of this the final point and it will take 510 minutes the final point who is to blame?
Who is to blame for the massacre of Hussein,
the Sahaba that were alive at the time, they knew exactly who to blame.
The Companions
squarely placed the blame on the people of Kufa.
The number one culprits were the very people who claim to be the partisans of it.
And it is authentically narrated in the books of Hadith not even the books of history. Muslim Mr. Timothy, we have these in the books of Hadith, that when oma Salah who is a Messiah, the wife of the Prophet system, when she heard of the death of Hussein
The market of her saying she said May Allah Lana be upon the people of Iraq. They were the ones who murdered him. pata Lu katella. como la. They killed him. May Allah subhanho wa Taala curse them, they seduced him. They promised him and then they abandoned him right at the very end.
And we have the even more famous narration of the senior most Sahabi who is Abdullah had been among the most respected of the Sahaba alive, he's not pro yazeed he doesn't like Duma, yet. He doesn't like the the politics going on. And the famous this hadith is in Bahati, this hadith in Bukhari and Muslim, what is it when a group of Hajaj came to Makkah, right? And even Omar was there and they said, Oh, this is more or less asked him a question. So one of them comes and he says, oh, even Omar, if I SWAT a mosquito,
and the blood comes, is my home broken?
Now, remember, in your home, you're not supposed to hunt, right? So and of course, I mean, suddenly fell away. I don't know anything. Mosquitoes are not hunting, you don't hunt mosquitoes, right. So you can SWAT a fly and mosquito so if i SWAT a mosquito is do I have to pay them for this blood? And he was shocked. He goes, where are you from? He said from Kufa from Iraq. He said, wha Japan? Amazing. Are you people, amazing are you people, you kill the grandson of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, you murder him. And now you come and ask me about the blood of a mosquito.
Now, who is he blaming the people of Kufa and will lie here this is crystal clear. And we have to say this, no matter how painful or awkward it is, this is the truth. And that is why this group is themselves to this day. This is the truth that nobody can deny, and the Sahaba that were alive, none of them is pro yazeed. Voila, it's impossible for a believer to be pro use it. But being anti yazzie doesn't necessarily mean we agree with everything that happened there. No, not at all. We say that the people who promised her sane should have been the ones that lived up to the promise. Where were they when they've been thrown? Where were they when Hussein is camped outside their city for six
solid days? Where were they?
Instead of cursing everybody else in the world, even those who were born before saying will lie they need to look at their own selves will lie. This was the truth, then you look at what they themselves have done, and their betrayal and their cowardice and the fact that they were bribed so easily from what they promised him. So the number one culprit according to our own sources and their own sources. That's why they beat themselves on that day, and they continue to do so. The number one culprits are those who seduced those who promised those who swore them a solemn oath. And then they disappeared by not actually yet and what will happen between the morning and an afternoon they all
disappeared from an appeal, and not one of them showed up when her son is camped outside. These are the people instead of cursing those who were born before or saying will lie they need to look at themselves and what they have done. That's number one. Okay? They're cowards. They're traitors, though, who betrayed her saying okay, but they didn't pull the trigger. As we say they didn't, they didn't fight with the sword. So Who then is the one who's guilty of the blood, they're guilty of cowardice and betrayal and will lie that's the biggest guilt because if they had stood up, Karbala would not have happened. If the people of Kufa had stood up, they would have protected Hussein, they
would have had to negotiate something would have done. So that's the number one culprit. Number two, who is the mastermind? Clearly the mastermind is obeyed. The law is yet in Ziad is the main culprit. The governor, this impetuous, arrogant young man that was placed to be the governor and even Ziad, we give him the lion's share of the blame. And there is no doubt it is clear even in his own lifetime that Allah punished him. His whole lifetime was just uprisings and intrigue and backstabbing until he died a miserable death, the forces of mortality coffee and other internal uprising he was killed by the forces of Macau. And notice the irony of ironies and this is so nuts a
la heafy holiday he, his own head was decapitated, and His head was brought in front of the people of mucked out on a plate, and it was shown just like the head of present was shown to him. And this is in sunon autonomy. This isn't intimated not even in the books of history, and they say when the head was brought in front of the modulars everybody was terrified. Why? Because out of nowhere, a snake came into this grand audience and made its way straight into the head and went into the nose and resided in the skull of Eben Zia. This isn't Timothy, it's not even the books of history sooner Nativity mentions that the head of even Ziad was punished in this way in front of the people to see.
So this is Eben Xia hibben Ziad is the brains but he didn't actually come to the battle had been zeod is the brains and he has the lion's share. And if he
wasn't so stubborn, then might have taken another turn, who gets the lion's share of the physical blame, no doubt the leader of the Army or might even decide we accuse him of being a coward to ivans yet, from the books, it seems he was very reluctant, he tried his best to get out. But when push came to shove, he didn't get in the way. And when Roman inside was a little bit too cowardice, as we said, Evans Yat Sen Shimbun so what am I going to say? We don't say he's, he's, he's innocent. He could have done something but whatever his whatever got in the way, and he didn't really get between them. So there is some shear on him. But when it comes to the actual sword and the blood on the
sword, there is no doubt that it is shimmered even zildjian shimmer, and then they say unnecessarily cnn is one of his thugs as well that was with him. These were the two people that really and along with three four other people that I mentioned some of them by name, but it was shimmered who charged for the first person to raise his sword and, and go towards evolute. As soon as I saw some everybody else was respectful. Everybody else who's gonna raise the sword against her saying, right, it was shimmered who did that and charged and when he charged his three, four thugs basically charged with him and him along with NSN. The two three, they're the ones who killed him. So all of these are
guilty. Okay, we went down, we need to now go up. And with this, we conclude we need to go up, one down or whether them knizia then Roma. How about up who's the one? Where does the buck stop? Is EAD? Is it even Abby soufiane? What is our position about UC Davis v sufian. There's a whole spectrum of opinion. He has either been while we excuse me, as you know, there's a whole spectrum of opinion within Sunni Islam. And there is not one unanimous consensus within Sunni Islam. You have those within Sunni Islam, who curse him by name and call them a Kaffir. And they say he is the worst person to ever have existed.
And that has also be honest here and it really saddens me to say this, but we also have the opposite extreme. We have those to this day. They make every excuse for us eat. And they make him out to be a righteous man who circumstances were beyond his control. And they try to exonerate him from every single crime that he is accused of, and will lie This is bordering on the fitna called narcissism. This is beyond the scope of this class, but this is beyond this is ridiculous. You're going to say yazeed was innocent, the buck stops there is it was in charge is it was the boss yazeed sent Evans yet we cannot overlook this fact. Now. Therefore, in my humble opinion, and this is the position of
Eben hedger and as a hobby, and even Cathy, and they've been telling me this is the standard moderate Sunni position. This is what I believe as well.
We believe I believe it's up to you to take your own position. And I'm following here, even hesitant, and the majority of scholars that yazeed takes a share of the blame.
But he did not intend for Hussein to be killed. He sent the ruthless guy to be ruthless with anything less than actual murder. He didn't desire. He didn't step Tell him to kill Hussein. But here's the flip side. No, we're not exonerating him. When the death of her saying came to him, he did not punish a single person for that.
And had he really been that sorry. And that angry. He would have made an example of Ziad and shimmered and seen how he would have done something, but he didn't lift a finger. And the fact of the matter, therefore, is that there is no doubt that your xid takes a good share of the blame. And this is really what the majority of Sunni scholars said as well, that it is narrated in our books that when the news of Hussein's death reached yazeed He said, I did not command you to kill him. I would have been content with the allegiance of Kufa and you could have left your scene alone. You didn't have to force him into this, this, you know, either this or that. As long as the cufon people
were not with him. That's all that I wanted, basically, right? And historically, this makes sense. Hussein was surrounded by Eben Ziad on the third of moharram. And he was killed on the 10th of Mohammed on seven days, it is impossible to get a message to yazeed and back from Kufa to Damascus what is to be done? Impossible. There is no way yazeed could have known the details. There's no way as you'd could have had an input and what happened. But when he found out what happened, neither did you do anything even taymiyah says he is he did not order the killing of her saying nor did he show happiness on this, even though he showed sadness. Still, he did not support her saying nor did he
exact any revenge or punishments on those who killed her saying and this was historically true
That he said shouldn't have happened. I'm sorry. He said it. I'm sorry. He expressed regret, but Of what use his expression when the gold guilty quote culprits go away. And therefore, Imam Muhammad was asked about using his son asked him, Abdullah, his son said, Oh, I bet you Oh, my dear father, are we supposed to love yazeed? Is it a part of our theology to love God? Listen to Mr. Obama's response? And does anybody with a man love us eat? This is your number. Does anybody with a man love us eat? So then his son flipped the question he says, So should we curse him?
So Mr. Mohammed said, Have you ever heard your father curse anybody by name?
And so the message was clear. We don't love us eat. But and under another person asked her should we curse eat. And he said, it is not so not to curse people by name. We curse generically. We should say, learner to law, he avoided me. So he said, he didn't defend your seat. He said, curse generically. Under to law here, I'd avoid the mean. And leave it at that. And it is not our methodology to curse people by name is IID. The fact of the matter was a king, a politician, like other politicians, and the blood on his hand is no more or greater in terms of quantity. In fact, it is less than the blood of many later kings. But what's the difference? The quality of blood. Fact of
the matter is that these uprisings are a common motif of omiya than a bus at times, and people after yours, you'd killed more than us. But the people that yazeed killed are not your average people. They were the grandson of the Prophet, so send them Ibn taymiyyah says, We are just in this regard. We don't curse him. And he was like the other kings he had good and he had bad and in our religion, Allah will accept the good and his affair with us, Allah He might punish, it might be punished for the bad we leave his affair to Allah subhana wa Tada. And we do not curse him by name. We may say Allah, Allah, Allah to law here at avoiding me. And we leave it at that. And a final point is that,
no doubt, we love Hussein, and we are saddened by his death. But
our love for hesson
is greater than our love for Hussein, and the ahaadeeth about hesson are more than a hadith about Hussein. And it is authentically narrated in Buhari that was the process of his giving a whole tuba and hessen walked in, and he tripped and he fell down. And the process of them stopped the whole debate and came down and picked hessen a peasant and he kissed him on the member. And he said that I could not bear to see my son fall down. And then he said in Ebony had Sayed this son of mine shall be a true leader. Even if he doesn't consider him a leader the world considers him a leader. He is the same that over and above while we this is something we have no doubt about. This son of mine is
the sacred and perhaps Allah will bring reconciliation between two large groups of Muslims through him. Hasson was the better of the two men has sensed again while remaining has said and while he has said was the one who stood up and said, No more bloodshed. You want the power take it I'll retire I don't want Muslims to be killed. This was maturity. This was a man and wisdom and her saying had a man but the wisdom of Hassan was more than her saying, and this is what we believe that hasn't had the more wise methodology and her saying, no doubt was a brave man and he did what he did. And Allah azza wa jal will accept from him, his martyrdom insha Allah to Allah To conclude, the tragedy of
Karbala is a great tragedy. Our hearts bleed for the death of Hussein, but the tragedy of Karbala is a historical tragedy, not a theological one. The fact of the matter is that the murder and assassination of a man even a fan caused more harms to the oma and more doors of fitna were opened up then the murder and assassination of Hussein ibn Ali and our love for the Al Bayt does not cause us to go to the two extremes. We are between the two extremes. We love them for the love of Allah subhana wa Taala. And we are angry at all those who oppose them. And we say to those who abandon him at the very last hour, you are the primary culprits in the death of Hussein, don't curse aboubaker
Don't curse Omar Don't curse Earth man. You were the people who abandoned the very person whom you promised to help you have the lion's share of the blame. And therefore this is something that we clearly and firmly believe. And we can conclude by saying that we are the true followers of Al bait. We are the true lovers of adult bait. We are the true shape of it even before we go between the two extremes and we pray that Allah subhana wa tada installs their ranks
And causes them to enter agenda and causes us to be along with them in gender a lot more suddenly Allah Mohammed
Mohammed Kemal salata Ebrahim Ibrahim in homido Majeed and with this My dear brothers and sisters, the fact of the matter is will not have gone way beyond what I need to we need to break in five minutes. So I will just take two questions in shallow data. And then we need to break I do apologize, but we're late and we also have to pray. Also we are later also. So, just two questions. The first question we have that what happened to the, what happened to the head of Hussein, what happened to the head of Christine, so, the head of her saying, there's a whole treatise written by Evan Tamia called the treaties on the head of Hussein. And what appears to be the case in shallow
tada is that the head of Hussein was sent to us he wrapped in a silk cloth, he did not dishonor it, and he handed it to the family of Hussein and the family of her son took it to Medina and they buried it in Buckley al Horford next to the body of Hasson. So the body of Hasson and the head of person, they are buried in Medina, this is the what seems to be the strongest, the strongest opinion and Allah Subhana Allah to Allah knows best. And we also have a question over here.
That is the salvation of a Muslim dependent upon acknowledging the martyrdom of Hussein. So we said before, the martyrdom of Hussein is a historical tragedy of the highest magnitude, but it is not a theological issue. It is a historical tragedy, and our heart bleeds historically for what happened. But our theology, our aqeedah, our, our laws do not change by the death of Ali, or Hussein or a man or any of those Sahaba who passed away, our Akita does not change that and therefore, their martyrdom will be accepted by Allah subhana wa tada sha Allah, but it is not something that changes our beliefs and our theology. And Allah Subhana Allah knows best I do apologize. There's no time for
more questions, but we really do have to conclude. And so with this, we'll offer that one and hamdu Lillahi Rabbil alameen wa salam aleikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh. Yes.
So I will be teaching a class in England for Elm summit in the month of December. It is an intensive class about the development of political and theological shear ism. And we'll talk about this from an academic manner about what exactly happened and how these changes came about. And the How did these ideas come about the Imam and being the mousumi and infallible and the evolution of all of these ideas, we'll talk about it bit by bit and go into the history of the evolution of shear ism and go down every single branch the twelver Shia is there's a these default invites the Smiley's the other colonies, the doodles on every single group, then societies and other ways. How do they
differ? We'll talk about it historically and theologically. And inshallah we'll talk about it in an academic manner, not an emotional manner as you even saw today in sha Allah. We are talking about this in an academic style. And our goal is not to incite hatred or or you know, animosity Our goal is to preach what we believe to be the truth, which is akmola Hi, Ron. And with that Mr. I need to hang up over here because it's time for the sada so we're set on wanting to LA he will buy cattle