Ramadan 101 – What Breaks the Fast
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Channel: Irshaad Sedick
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AI Generated Summary ©
The NIA provides a mandate for one year after the start of the month, but not for a day. Fasting during school holidays is emphasized, along with reciting the NIA and avoiding alcohol and coffee. The importance of women in society is emphasized, including the role of women in shaping society and their body. The need for training and understanding of the severity of expiry of fasting is emphasized, along with the importance of women in shaping society and avoiding embarrassment.AI Generated Transcript ©
Bismillah al Rahman al Rahim Al hamdu Lillahi Rabbil Alameen wa salatu salam ala Sayidina Muhammad ha Tamil Ambia even more saline. So there were two law he was set up more or lay he what I lay him at remain. Rubbish Raisa three is Sidley Emery. Operator melissani of Coco Lee Subhanak Allah al Milena Elana Valentina in Nikka Antal Aleem will Hakeem Allahumma alumna Mayan pharaoh now one foreigner Bhima Alam tena was it nightmare mean erotica, or hamara Amin Assalamu alaykum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
praise and thanks to do so little Allah traces peace blessings and salutations upon Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, we commence immediately tonight from our text on the two Salic Colin Masonic for Rafi Mahalo to Allah when a fine Allah who we are assuming he will only come Amin, or shall to sow me and near to will encircle and in fact, the rot the conditions of a valid fast are essentially to the first, the near the profits are SLMC that whomsoever does not have the intention of fasting the night before there is no fast for that person. So we will speak a bit about the Nia and what exactly that entails and the importance they have. And then the second condition of fasting
of a valid fast is to refrain from things which break the fast, which I know at this, at this juncture may seem sort of obvious, but obviously we need to define things quite precisely in Islamic law and hence you have that type of description.
So now
we go into the details about the NIA
we all know about the NIA for us. When we say the word Nia many people, I think in the English speaking world, and here locally, it is especially true. The first thing that comes to mind is the wording that normally starts with now way too right in the case of fasting now way too so my god in another E Ferhadija. Here Ramadan had the Sunnah Lila to Allah, Iman and of the Serbian imaginary line caring. So we understand that to be the NIA. But by now those of you who had been consistent in the class, you would know that that is an expression of the NIA. But the essence of the NIA is actually what takes place within one's heart. So we'll distinguish between the two and how exactly
there's a very good example from your mom, a SUTI Rahima hola to Isla that clearly spells this out for us. So one must make the intention to fast for each day that one fast, if they intended fast is obligatory, so fasting in Ramadan is obligatory, but you also have other fasts that are obligatory. For example, a makeup class that is obligatory vowed fast, that is obligatory or fasting that must be done as an expiation for having committed some form of sin or discrepancy in other form of a bad. So obligatory fasts are not only for Ramadan, if it is obligatory, then the intention must a be specific. This means as to the fast being for Ramadan, or for the vow or for expiation, Cafaro or
whatever else. But if it is obligatory, then it must be specific. This is why in the wording of the NIA we say, now way too, so Melodien and other for de SHA Ramadan, so the obligatory fasting of the month of Ramadan, that's why it's the be it must be made the night before, in other words, the night prior to to dawn. Now this is an important distinction here. This is a very strict approach in the shadow theory school. The Other Mother or four mother hip conquer, they must be a Nia. But they differ as to the applicability of when the NIA must be present. What's the last possible time for the NIA to be present for the Shaffir in school, the NIA must take place every night, and it must
take place sometime before Fajr. But sometime before supersonic, right through Dawn,
for the Hanafi school, the intention for a day of Ramadan, not for a makeup day a day of Ramadan is valid if it is made before midway between true Dawn and sunset of the day itself. In other words, midway between Fajr and Muslim as long as you you got in that near before that point. For the Hanafi school. It's still valid, that that's for
Ramadan, but the Maliki and humbly school they both allow for one year at the beginning of the month. That's the faces for the fasting of the entire month
and many Shafia in scholars including a contemporary shot of this particular
leaky tab called fatawa, hub and Malik, written by a scholar by the name of Hammadi Yemeni scholar, he mentions that it is recommended that we all make the NIA on the first night when they cite the moon insha Allah or whenever the the month of Ramadan commences, that the night before you make the intention to fast for the entire month, right? This is so as to back yourself up in case you forget to make the NIA on one of the nights, then at least according to the Maliki school and the humbly school you're covered the but again, you also have the Hanafi school, that you can still do it on the day as well. So there's some flexibility in this regard. And there's more to be discussed about
this form of rigidity. Now the optimal way. Now we're going back to the Shafi school, the optimal way is to intend where must the intention be in one's heart.
So the idea that we say the near together is helpful, because the love food to pronounce to verbalize the intention assists the heart in developing that acute consciousness of purpose, acute consciousness of purpose. That is the NIA. So if you sit the at any point from Mercury to Fajr, and you think to yourself, tomorrow, I'm fasting, it's Ramadan, let me prepare myself with you taking some food out and preparing it for so hold it the next morning with you setting your alarm clock to wake up full circle, any form of consciousness that tomorrow is the day of Ramadan is considered the near the wording helps us to make sure we have such a moment. Right? If someone does not pronounce
the wording now way too. So Mahajan and other A, that does not mean they don't have the NIA. Right. It doesn't mean they don't have the NIA. So with hopes it really does help. Unfortunately, people don't wait till the very end of the taraweeh with the knee as recited. Right. So some cultures like I've heard that in Yemen, for example, the NIA is recited of the Maghreb. Sada So collectively, everybody recited, it helps because it makes sure you have that moment. If you take for example, a person who works nightshift, right, but they really working, they have an intense job, it's back to back. Right. So from the time they break the fast for the entire night until Fudger, they are
preoccupied with work. They don't have a single moment in between the eating on the go, they're making salah, you know, just maybe a surgeon, maybe a doctor working in the ER, maybe, you know, some intense form of job like that. Is it possible that that person, not every single moment as consciousness of the fact that tomorrow's Ramadan, and I'm fasting? It's possible? It is possible? Right? And that is an example of where the person has no Nia. Another example that may be somewhat more ubiquitous. Kids playing with TV games, or they don't call it that anymore. Computer games, video games, right? They playing all night? Firstly, that shouldn't be taking place in Ramadan. But
let's say they do that. Is it possible that they're not even aware of the fact that they're going to be fasting tomorrow, they completely forgot that it's Ramadan. It's possible. So that wouldn't be a Nia. They would have to resort to the other opinions that we spoke about a little while ago. So the following day as the current performance of the obligation of Ramadan Wakamatsu.
The most preferred way is a young way to entertain Soma, Hardeen. And other if the Ramadan have the center, they lie to Allah that should sound familiar, or does it mean the optimal is to intend fasting tomorrow to fulfill the current performance of the obligation of Ramadan this year for the sake of Allah subhanahu wa Tada. That's why you have the whole new way to ritual in the monastery. So it helps once intention is valid if on the night before a day of uncertainty. Now, I'm not going to focus too much on this we spoke about this last week, a day of uncertainty as to whether it will be the first day of Ramadan, someone wants trust, but does not have all the qualifications of an
acceptable witness in forms one of having seen the new moon and relying on this information one intends to fast the next day to fulfill the obligation of Ramadan. And then the next day turns out to be Ramadan. That intention would be valid. So somebody comes to you. Let's say it's a lady. She says she witnessed the moon of Ramadan, her witness
alone by herself is technically not sufficient but you trust this lady you know she's she's not gonna you know make up any stories you know that she's got experience she's got all the knowledge and she says this you accept her in sorry you accept the testimony you and your own capacity not to call the because you trust them and you say look if tomorrow is Ramadan I'm going to make money and now that Nia would be valid, I'm going to leave it at that but once fast is not valid if you make the intention without anyone having informed one of citing the new moon so they go to site the new moon they say they didn't see the moon and then you say well okay, I'm going to have the intention
anyways. No matter whether one's intention is firm or undecided, as when one intends that if the following day is Ramadan, one will fast but if not one will not fast such a Nia is not valid, because it's baseless. It's baseless.
Why one's fast is valid on the night before the 30th of Ramadan if one intends that if the following day is of Ramadan one will fast still if not one will not fast an example of this I thought about the example of this so it's the night where they're supposed to go on site the moon before they say the moon before they go to the moon you jump on a plane and the plane is it's a 12 hour flight so you've got practically no way of finding out today probably do with Wi Fi but you probably have no way of finding out that Luca they cited the moon or not so you don't know but you make the intention that if tomorrow is Ramadan I will fast if not I won't fast that is valid. Still if not one will
will not then the next day is of Ramadan city since it already is Ramadan and the initial presumption is that it will remain so so basically if you didn't know whether tomorrow is still Ramadan or not and you made such a near it's valid.
What we've what we've spoken about now applies to obligatory fast you must have the NIA the night before, sunnah fast Nephal fast, have valid by merely making the intention to fast anytime before noon anytime before the hour
without needing to specify the type of force. So let's say you woke up one morning and you were in a rush you left home you didn't have breakfast. Nine o'clock 10 o'clock 11 o'clock cams you realize you still didn't eat or drink anything. And you think to yourself, you know what I'm feeling good. I might as well fast today perfectly permissible if it is a sunnah fast, right if it is a sunnah fast. Now we proceed to the main discussion of this lesson, which is move see that to some, what invalidates the fasting? What makes your fasting bowel what would cause your fasting to become invalidated? They are a list of things which we go through in detail, where after we we give you a
standard by which the Shafi madhhab measures all factors that break the fast and it makes it somewhat simple in terms of an approach and this methodology is somewhat unique to the Shafi school. So each of the following things invalidates the days fast when one knows they are unlawful during an obligatory fast and remembers that one is fasting. But that's them deliberately anyway.
They obligate one to both make up the fast day later. And fast the remainder of that day. So if you do any of the following, you know it is haram, you know it will break your fast, but you do it regardless. Right, then you would be required to make up for that day later. And you would have to continue fasting for that day. So let's say the person had a lapse in judgment. The friend said just eat something quickly. And then the person eats the eat and immediately they feel guilty. Do they then say well, you know what I might as well eat for the rest of the day no make Toba ASAP, and you fast for the rest of the day, you still have to make up that day later. Now notice here that the
text says make up that day later.
This is how one makes up a day of invalidating ones fast
for anything other than sexual intercourse, for sexual intercourse, like sexual intercourse proper, that expiation is different. We'll speak about that in a separate discussion a little later. So what breaks the fourth? Eating, drinking? And then he makes a note here this is what I'm sure No. Should Know Harmon Keller is the translator of under two salik in a text called reliance of the traveler. It's an excellent kitab. If you want to invest in an encyclopedic work of Shafi a low that you can have as a reference in your home. That is better that would probably be able to answer most of your questions.
requires the teacher to study. But we often use that text here in the magic anyways, so you might as well invest in it insha Allah. So he says drinking and smoking, though not if there is some smoke in the air, that one unintentionally inhales that wouldn't break. Number three sniff to sniff something up the nose, Up the nose that reaches the sinuses ruling likewise applicable to oil or water preparation. So to snuff up something like nasal spray, for example, that would nullify one's fast suppositories, vaginal or anal suppositories type or an internal examination. That's like a pap smear for the ladies or prostate exam for the men, right? Pouring water, oil or other into the ears
until it reaches the ear drum. Now you're in this particular muscle area. Some people may have heard that the ears and putting something in the ears doesn't affect your fastening whatsoever. What you see here is the relied upon view of the shaft theory school district opinion in the Shafi school is that inserting something in the ear beyond where your finger would reach if you put your finger in your ear, so you can put your finger in your ear, and you can feel that area the way your finger cannot reach for normal ears where your finger cannot reach. I don't know why we have some tunnels happening in me. But when your finger cannot reach that wouldn't break your fast. Beyond that the
strict view of the Shafi school says it will break your fast so pouring oil in the or swimming and then the water gets into you know inside we have to jump up and down to hit yourself so that the water comes out or washing and letting the water go deep inside the according to the strict view, it would break your fast to the point where even some ear buds like a buds Pro. For example, if you put that deep inside, according to the strict view, I'm not sure how deep that reaches but according to the signal that could potentially break your fast ear bad and you cleaning deep inside there according to the strict view again would break your fast. However in practice many Shaffir is here
locally and elsewhere. don't adopt this particular view, but go according to the view that states that the IRS is not an open passageway for the eardrum blocks the passageway to the inner ear and therefore they don't regard anything entering the no matter how deep to break the fast. So most Chevy's actually practice on that view, even though it's not relied upon opinion, right, number six inserting a finger or something else into the anus or vagina further than the area disclosed when one squats to relieve oneself. So you don't need to worry about East injure and things like that, that's normal diet, obviously a little bit of water is going to go into what you would determine to
be inside but that's not deep enough. But if it goes beyond that, it would break the fast number seven anything that enters the body cavity,
body cavity means inside your person
with a stabbed into it, such as with a knife or spear thrust which penetrates it or whether medicinal though intramuscular or intravenous injections of medicine do not break once fast
injection injections and the like intramuscular intravenous that would not break one's fast. Number eight vomiting if it is deliberate, and one can prevent it. Though if nausea overcomes one vomiting does not break one's fast. So deliberate vomiting would break your fast
to call it accidental vomiting would not number nine sexual intercourse if deliberate. Even if there is no orgasm. Or this is not closed brackets or orgasm from stroking a non genital region.
diet so you you stroke a different part of the body that's not considered genitalia, but because of that stroking with that stimulation, you achieve orgasm that would break the fast or from masturbation no matter where the sexual orgasm is produced by unlawful means, like one's own hand which is haram or by lawful means such as the hand of one spouse which is halal. That would all break the fast number 10 using so much water to rinse out the nose and mouth which by the way, you should know is Sunnah, under normal circumstances, it's similar to goggle the throat. It's sunnah to sniff the water into your sinuses and to empty the passageway
afterwards, under normal circumstances, but when fasting, you shouldn't do that. If you do that, while fasting, and some reaches the stomach
that is, if any reaches the body cavity because of using abundant water or abundance of water, it breaks the fast. But if you don't do that, you just moderately wash your mouth you moderately wash your nose, and still some water slips through. Right? Though if some water slips down when an abundance has not been used, it does not break your fast. Is that clear? If you use a lot of water,
and accident happens and it goes in your forest is broken. Why? Because you use the lot of water. If you use a little water, and an accident happens and it goes in your fast is not broken. Because you were you a precocious night you took the necessary precautions.
Nor does it harm to swallow one saliva after rinsing the mouth.
Even if able to expect it ate it, even if you're able to spit it out. Might as well discuss it here, even though it probably will come up again.
Actually, no, let's discuss it when it comes up. I know exactly what to discuss that a number 11 swallowing saliva that has left the mouth.
A very good example of this, they use the example of threading a needle, right. But there's another example you have a pain some people have the habit of putting the pain in the mouth, right, so then it has some saliva and then you remove that from the mouth. If you then return that to the mouth and you swallow the saliva that comes off the pain, you've now introduced a foreign object into the body, if you swallow that it would break your fast. Let's look at the example here. When threading a needle, ONE moistens the end of the thread and then re moistens it afterwards, you put the needle in and then the cotton gets all the maca again, then you do it again. If you swallow the saliva, then
that would break the fast number 12 swallowing saliva that has been qualitatively altered, such as when threading a needle and one waits the end and some die from the thread remains in the mouth and is swallowed. This is very theoretical, because you wouldn't really know that took place, right? But
write a pin and you notice this ink in your mouth and you've been solid, the saliva that tastes like ink, that would be a more practical example and Allah knows best.
So people who use toothpaste should take care to eliminate it from the mouth before dawn on fast days.
Technically, it is permissible to use toothpaste even while fasting. Technically, you just need to be very careful.
In the sheriff ear in school, it is considered Makrooh to brush the teeth after Zool on a fasting day. And there's a long discussion around that. But that is the relied upon view of the Shafi school, that when you get to the wall on the first day, you want to brush your teeth rather refrain from doing so that's the safest opinion according to the Shafi school. Right? Other opinions allow you to brush your teeth throughout the day, the Hanafi school allows that because it does not. They say that the reason for the dislike Ignis of brushing the teeth of the Sava is that you must be opposed to the smell that that is created by the mouth of the fasting person, because Allah says
that that smell is more beloved to him than the smell of mask. Or this girl is like the Hanafis they mentioned that look, that smell is not generated by the mouth. The smell that comes from the mouth is as a result of perhaps the food that you consume before or the emptiness of the mouth. and the like. The smell that is being referred to in the hadith is what is produced from your entire digestive system that emptiness Day, which whether you brush your teeth or not would still remain. So that's just in terms of brushing the teeth. In terms of using toothpaste, it would be like putting anything else in the mouth. tasting food for example. It doesn't automatically break your
fast. But what you need to be careful of is swallowing, right swallowing. Or what about after you've removed something from your mouth? Whether that be food or toothpaste.
Even after all the toothpaste is gone. Can you still taste it?
So that taste they that taste would be an acid as opposed to an iron. It's an effect as opposed to a substance. So the substance has been removed and we're not speaking about the microscopic level here. We're speaking about an invisible level on a tangible level.
Not in an abstract sense. So if you spit out all the toothpaste, all the bubbles, all the whiteness of the toothpaste assuming using white toothpaste, then what remains behind is just the taste, that's an acid. That's an effect that wouldn't harm your fasting, right. But again, you must decide which view you're going to follow. If you follow the strict Chaffee opinion, then it is best not to brush your teeth after dawn,
not dawn after noon on a fasting day, right. And it's also more cautious to not use toothpaste at all right while you're fasting.
Number 13 swallowing saliva that has been made impure by contact with fourth. Now Jassa, for example, such as when one's mouth is bloodied, and one spits out the saliva until it is clear and colorless. So now there's no blood left, right? But the problem is that the blood is considered najis. And it's in your mouth to spitting it out is not enough, you need to also rinse it out, because that's how you cleaner Jassa. So if you didn't wash your mouth out before swallowing the saliva, this would break the fast because the mouth is still affected by NAT Jassa. And water is necessary to purify it. Number 14, allowing phlegm or mucus at the back of the mouth to be
swallowed, when one could have split it out. This is the type of
I don't want to make this sound. But you know, when you make that sound, bring your flame up, because it's like sitting fast there at the back. Right? Because of the samosas that you ate last night that still has that impact. Because antihydrogen samosas are super strong. So it sits here for like 24 hours before it settles.
So that flame they if you can spit it out, but you swallow it instead. Then technically, according to the Shafi school, it breaks the force. Personally, I tell you straight I never follow this opinion. It's it's complex, right? I follow the Hanafi view in this record was which says that it does not break the fast even if it is done intentional, because I just think you have enough to worry about during fasting, right. So if you find that you have some flame, and it's easy for you to spit it out, Bismillah spit it out, it's better. And if not, there, you have the alternative view number 15 to continue intercourse, even for a moment of the dawn.
So you engage in intercourse and you yoga then even if you continue for a moment after that, assuming that then you know is at dawn, then that will also nullify your fast. Now we're going to get into the criteria. The criteria for something that breaks your fast or does not break your fast the shaft a mother gives you a very mechanical, very methodical and clinical approach to what breaks and what does not break your fast. Okay?
A substance even if it is not much now a substance we've already discussed the difference between a substance and an effect. So if it's a substance, albeit minut, that reaches the body cavity, either the abdominal cavity inside the ear, or what is called the
cranial cavity inside the ear. Right
substance that goes into that area,
as we've just discussed before, from an open passageway as opposed to a closed passageway. So absorption through the skin. That's not an open passageway, right.
The anal cavity is an open passageway. The front private part is an open passageway, according to the shaft very strict view that yours is an open passageway. But according to the view that we've discussed earlier on, it's a closed passageway because the eardrum blocks that from from being open. The nose is an open passageway. The mouth is an open passageway. The eyes are not an open passageway. So if you put on if you put in eyedrops or Kohle, or something of the like that does not break your fast. So anything that enters the body cavity from an open passageway, any open passageway
that would break your fast. Okay?
The criteria as to whether something invalidates the past is whether it comes under any one of three headings, so you only technically have to learn these three points and not the 15 points that we just went through. Number one, a substance even if not much, that reaches the body cavity through an open passageway substance excludes odors.
And, and an open excluding anything else, such as absorption through the polls. So deliberate introduction of anything besides a or saliva into the body cavity breaks the fast the deliberate introduction of anything besides a or saliva into the body cavity breaks the fast though if the person fasting does so absent mindedly or under compulsion, it would not break the fast we all know that one already that's like eating by mistake drinking by mistake. You add fruit and veg, you busy buying your vegetables and you take a grape to taste it. There's no fruit and veg anymore.
What's it called noggin
that whatever.
Or you're in the kitchen and you're busy preparing the pancakes and you're putting on the jam and then some of the jam gets onto your finger.
And, oh, math, you know so, so that wouldn't break the fast. That makes it simple for you to understand many of the points we got before number two sexual intercourse meaning insertion of the head of the male private part into the female private bar that specifically would instantly break your your fast number three, or separate category orgasm, whether as the result of touching,
such as kissing, contact, lying between the thighs or something else, or because of masturbation provided that one is a way that these acts are unlawful and that one remembers one is fasting. And provided they are done deliberately and voluntarily. Those would break your fast.
Okay, any questions on that? Now here's the thing, this is how you learn fic. If you haven't done this, you have done this before from from the previous courses, learn the list that is defined by filk. So for example, what are the Archon of Salah the integrals of pre 17. So any question that falls outside of those 17 integrals?
If you ask me, Is that necessary? Is that compulsory? Is that compulsory? Automatically? The answer is no. What breaks will do in the Shafi school, how many things we remembers how many factors breaks the will do according to the chef, a madhhab.
All all factors, I'm not going to go through them because that's a separate reason that odd, right? If it's not one of those four things you will do is not broken. You understand? So similarly here, we've just given you three factors by which you can judge whether your fast is invalidated or not. Now I'm going to ask you some questions. And then you must answer whether this breaks your fast or not. Okay.
Swearing, does it break your fast?
That's waiting break your fast.
No, that's lying break your fast.
They're stealing break your fast.
Are these things haram? Yes. So don't get confused. Does watching TV all day break your fast? That's not the license for you to go watch TV all day.
Do you understand what I'm saying? So all of those other factors that you may have asked about? Does this break your fast? Does that break your fast? You go back to these three things? Is it the substance that reaches the body cavity through an open passageway? No. Is it sexual intercourse, right? Or is it bringing oneself to orgasm by any of those other means that we spoke about, if not, doesn't break fast? For him to him. This is a separate category.
We call it we call it your pasa as Vatra.
Don't underestimate the importance of that category. Those are the things that are mentioned now, you will fast may be valid. In other words, you will not be asked in the dev Kiama why you did not fast.
But you've deprived yourself of the reward of fasting. Right this is when you don't abstain from ill speech, from bad activities, from fruitless behavior from frivolous behavior. Like engaging in music and movies and games all day and all night by speaking about other people by swearing by lying by doing all sorts of sins, exposing your IRA getting on as though all you need to do is stay hungry for the day. And unfortunately for many people, the only difference between in Ramadan and out of Ramadan is that they're hungry in Ramadan and they're not hungry out of Ramadan. Other than that, and this as he said, they look the same. They dress the same, they act the same, they speak the
same, they behave the same. Everything is the same. Sometimes it's even worse in Ramadan. Because outside of Ramadan you don't have Iftar parties we teams come to give
The celebrating of Buddha on the beach and good dice at night and good job with the girls. You don't have that outside of Ramadan. So while you have the Billa some people look forward to Ramadan to have more fitna and facade than they do outside of from Allah. Allah forbid Allah protect, right?
We spoke about how to make up for the day if you eat actually back if you eat unlawfully you drink unlawfully.
What must you do?
You must continue fasting the rest of the day and you must make up the day later.
Or expiation through variation through intercourse This is different if you have intercourse that breaks your fast. But not only does it break your fast you also now have to pay the expiation. How does this work? In addition to making up the first and expiation is obligatory for fast days of Ramadan that are deliberately vitiated by sexual intercourse. The legal occasion of the offense is the particular day of fasting. So if it happened on two separate days, then two separate expirations would have to be paid.
Though if it weren't committed twice in one day, there would only be one expiration. What is this expiration Cafaro.
The expansion consists of a freeing a sound Muslim slave.
We don't have slavery. So that one is now two, or if not possible, then too fast the days of two consecutive month,
two consecutive lunar month
no breaks in between. Okay. In our school, meaning the Shafi school the expiation is only for sexual intercourse. So if somebody eats unlawfully in Ramadan, they wouldn't have to do this. But for the Hanafi school, they would have to do this expiation regardless of how they break the fast. If they break the fast deliberately, they would have to fast for 60 consecutive days. That's the Hanafi school. So many of us grew up with this.
With this rule, I remember I was still straight. If you eat it back, you must have asked for 60 days.
It's probably good to train people on that opinion, so they can understand the severity of it. But we need to understand that that's not the position in the Shafi school, except for sexual intercourse.
If this is impossible, the expiation is to feed 60
underprivileged people how with 0.75 litres of food, 0.75 litres of food as opposed to saying 750 grams, because liters is a volume, whereas grams is a is a weight a mess, right?
If one can, by the way, that's the video. So in in essence, we are saying 60 Fidel's
that if you cannot do that, you don't have an option, like okay, I'm just gonna play 60 videos, if physically you cannot endure that,
because of sickness, so because of some other reason, then you proceed to the videos.
If you cannot pay the CDR either, then that remains a debt that you owe until one day you maybe can pay it, then you should so it doesn't just disappear. The woman who is not by her choice has been just go first the Intuit in a sense now when I say cursed I don't mean what is termed as rape, right that would be haram
to the greatest degree, but she didn't want to has been just coerced into it. She is not obliged to pay the expiation bank. She said no man is not do this. He insisted she's not obliged to pay the expansion.
The fast remains valid, if any of the following.
So do not if any of the following the fast remains valid. If any of the things which break the fast are done, absent mindedly absent mindedly you understand you didn't think about it, you didn't realize you fasting, when it doesn't break the fast, not remembering the fast out of ignorance. You didn't know that it breaks the fourth
and you didn't know that it is unlawful. Whether this is due to being a new Muslim, or to being born and raised far from Islamic scholars, or now we're just posing that point they a new Muslim is always understandable. But don't think that Muslims living in Cape Town can just say no, I didn't know that. That breaks the fast because I think in every community at every place you have opportunities to learn so you cannot claim that right what time
Time is the what
a now okay we spend
let's start inshallah and we continue after we almost done and then we'll take questions I have 1234 slides very quick and then we'll take questions there after
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We, we briefly mentioned that somebody living in Cape Town or many places in the world cannot make the excuse that they didn't know. Because if you didn't know, then you must go and learn this, you don't have the opportunity to learn, but it's very, very few places and I mean, your hon Allah, just to make you away, we should be very grateful that we have access to scholars, and to qualified scholars. Like you don't understand what you what you have until you no longer have it. But I have contact with people from other countries online. And there are places in the world where they have zero scholars, like zero scholars, no, can you imagine that? You have a question that's relating to
your faith that your practice of religion, and you have no way to turn to know when to ask, you have to resort to online learning, that's your only resource. So it's tough. But we don't have that. So we need to be grateful for what we have. And I'm not speaking about here. I mean, in our, in our city in general. And in fact, in most places in South Africa, we they are most major cities in South Africa, I should say.
So now we proceed, you're not going to break your fast if any of what we spoke about occurs under compulsion, somebody forces you, okay, when you force won't be broken, nor is it broken by the following involuntary vomiting, having a wet dream, or an orgasm, but no stimulation to place it is only because of thinking or looking at something unless the latter two usually cause orgasm. And then you deliberately did it. So a man or woman for that matter.
By looking at something or by thinking about something, they they reach orgasm without any physical stimulation,
that wouldn't break the fast. But if they know that that is going to happen, and they deliberately do it, then it would break the fast.
Away dream is when you have ejaculation during sleep, right? That is obviously outside of your control so that would not break the fast either. Number three, some water reaching the body cavity because of rinsing the mouth or nose. If you didn't use a lot of water that clarifies a point that we spoke about earlier. Number four saliva carrying down some food particles from between one's teeth you had a nice to hold Korean rice.
But to the Majeed for selected budget during budget a you feel something slips down into your, into your throat and it's, you know, it's part of the carry, right? In that case. If this was done, if this happened after you've cleaned your teeth, as you usually would by using a toothpick or tooth, brush, etc. Then your first wouldn't be broken. But if you are able to spit it out, you should obviously spit it out. You can't do this deliberately.
Number five, gathering saliva in the mouth and swallowing it. Right so you say
The weight in your mouth, your mouth becomes very wet with saliva and you swallow it that would not break your fast bringing saliva as far forward as the tongue, but not to the lips. Because if you bring saliva on your lips, like if you lick your lips, and then you lick your lips again, now you've taken saliva that is outside of your mouth and you broke into your mouth. Okay?
This also means that you should be careful of using things on your lips in Ramadan, that because you don't want your tongue to take from that substance and bring it into your mouth, and then you swallow it. I'm not saying you can't use it, but you need to be careful if you do.
I don't believe in using the syllabus and stuff like that. I think it dries you your lips out, the more you use it, the more dependent you become on it. And if you don't use it, and you just hydrate properly, then it doesn't seem to do anything but it's got nothing to do with sick. And it's just me thinking about LaBella uses
coughing up phlegm from the throat and spitting it out. Okay, that doesn't break your fast at all. The arrival of dawn when the day you eating and the other hand goes, that you've got food in your mouth, what must you do?
You then split that out, you're forced is fine. If you still swallow it, then there's a problem. But now here's the issue.
The fasting day starts when at the time of true dawn. Right at the time through dune
we ended the Mecca then
we ended the Mecca then at what signifies when they start making them? What gives them more of these cue okay, I must make Adana the calendar
not the observation of true Don't you understand?
So this is a can of worms that
shouldn't be opened.
But technically, you need to understand it.
Through Dawn is a natural phenomenon. So you're supposed to go outside and see I see the line of true dawn in America then. Now you know that that are then is based on through dawn. The calendar is an estimation and it's fine to run with the estimation. The problem comes in when you sitting with borderline cases. So you busy eating and the other than sound. Have you heard people say that if the rat is going off, you can just eat quickly until the end of the event. Why do they say that? Because of what I'm saying now.
Because our van is not technically accurately going according to true Dawn, it's going according to an estimation of true Dawn, right. It's not something that anyone should risk. But at least you know, that morning when you hear that and start and you overslept, and you have a bottle of water next to bed and you think you're gonna just drink this bit of water. I'm not going to tell you what to do. Then the arrival of donor and one is engaged in intercourse and one immediately disengages that doesn't break your fast math. Now you can think also, if this is the rule, you busy with your your family in intercourse that than sounds let's assume it's untrue don't and you immediately
disengaged your fast is not affected. But isn't it true that you not in a state of hustle through right. So what does that teach you that having a whistle is not a condition for fasting. To understand. Having a muscle is not a condition for fasting. So if you happen to enter into the day without being in a state of hustle,
your forces valid or you happen to wake up five minutes before 5g You know you need to hustle but you also know you need to eat, eat, because you can make the hustle after you eat that you don't need to be in a state of you don't need to be in a state of hustle in order to fast obviously you need the hustle to make budget. Right? So like that. I know that there are people who wake up with the hood and don't make budget. Can you believe that that is a phenomenon you wake up
to eat. When you hear that and then and then you go sleep. La hawla wala Quwata illa biLlah
Alhamdulillah at least a fasting
right at least the fasting Allah knows best. Number eight when one sleeps all day or has lost consciousness, your fast is still valid, provided that you at least for the moment, you're conscious. So you know, you sleep the whole day through and you just wake up for the walk and you make salah.
Technically, your force is still valid. Should you do that? No, you shouldn't. But this is for you to understand validity and invalidity, eating, drinking when uncertain of the time. So you don't have an oven that you can hear. You don't have a radio, you don't have a calendar, you don't know what's happening. Making up the fast day is obligatory, If one eats, thinking that it is still nighttime.
So you having liquid so whole thinking that there's still enough time not realizing somehow your clock was an hour late or something of the sort in early LA who are in LA Rajon, you must make up the day? You can't say it's an accident. I didn't know that because you now know that no, you were eating during the day.
Which might be counterintuitive. You might think that because you didn't know therefore, you don't need to make up today. No, you need to make up the date. But then you find that it is in fact day meaning it's already budget, you need to make up that day.
Then similarly,
if you eat, thinking that it's nighttime already meaning thinking that it's Marguerite already, you know, they did this in the past that I used to have ads that had that done in the ad. And then they played the ad. Shortly before Mallory, I remember this clearly, because I was fifth.
How can you do that?
So even though it's not your fault, it's the radio or the more I've been made other than before the time something like that you have to make up the day. Okay. If you thought no, I can actually eat but you couldn't. However, if the problem remains unsolved, it was a day I woke up at eight. But I wasn't sure man. And then I didn't find out later. And I didn't know and it's a month later. That problem will remain a mystery. You don't have to make up that day. Okay.
It is not obligatory to make up a fast day on which one ate on the presumption that don't have not yet come. And the question as to whether it was the case or not remains unsolved. This is what I just spoke about now. Since the initial certainty was that it was night So why then if you didn't clarify, you woke up there was no alarm there was no and there was no calendar, no internet load shedding everything. And you now wake up thinking now it's Fudger
you will you couldn't figure it out for that entire time Logitech came up hours later you went to sleep woke up? Was it not measured was an adventure. You didn't know. So you can't figure it out. So why mustn't you make up that day? Because what is certain is that it was night.
You doubting with it was day, and the doubt doesn't remove the certainty. So for as long as that remains ambiguous. You don't need to make up that day.
What about involuntary acts that invalidate the forest, you have no control over it, but it still breaks the forest.
A forest day is invalidated by insanity. Insanity, you lose your sanity even for a moment number two, being unconscious for the entire day. From Fudger Tom Murray, completely unconscious not even for a moment was the person unconscious. That would be an invalid force, even though they're not eating or drinking anything, right? Number three, the appearance of menstrual or postnatal flow. Right? Shame I feel sorry for the ladies they forced the entire day. Five minutes before Marguerite the the hate starts in nanny la una la Rajan. But they still get the reward though. They still get the reward.
And then the insane person is not obliged to make up such a day's fast while the others are. So a person who becomes insane even for a moment. If OS is broken, but they don't have to make up for that day. Right. Everyone else in this list would have to make up for that day. That's the end of this particular session. We have two sessions remaining the vanilla Sunday is Rua Leila houbara Sunday night. We start off the mothership of the margarita Ayesha generally our programs are short. It will be the traditional practice of recitation of Surah Synthi tends to be some thicker and some Naseeha you're welcome to attend the night either.
We also have dates I was hoping the dates would be available here tonight. But angry excited is not here. You're watching online and things aren't supposed to be in the masjid.
They selling dates at the masjid every year around Ramadan that assists with the Ramadan funds that is required for the programs here. So please buy your dates from the mosque it would be appreciated. And then we announced on Friday that is a project currently taking place with the repair of this wall here.
As water seeping through, and therefore the bubbles, it's quite expensive 250,000 Rand to repay, that's an estimation. So if you can contribute to that kindly do so. In our classes of free come every week you sit here, you don't give any money. I mean, how can you live with yourself? So kindly just give some money for the walk and Allah, even if it is a few rants? Allah bless you. I'm just kidding with like, still
and not as the other one.
That's it. That's it. Any questions? Bismillah. There's a question online, can you swim,
you shouldn't swim in Ramadan. And for the Shafi school even more so because according to the strict opinion, if water goes inside your ear, in according to the strict view, it breaks your fast. And because of the risk of water going inside your nose and your mouth as well. So you shouldn't ideally swim, but you can, you can, if you can manage to avoid all of that stuff, and you go good into the Listrik view, technically, you can, it doesn't necessarily break your fast. It's just something that I would advise you to avoid, if you can. Right. Any other questions?
Smilla. If you can just pass the mic to the browser the pleasing? No, it's for the online listeners
on the console,
flip on the switch means There we go. The ruling on brushing your teeth. frowned upon I know. But what is what is the exact ruling you wouldn't get earlier? I wasn't Omar. Fuck, I came back later. Okay, yeah, we spoke about it. The ruling according to the sheriff in a school, is it brushing the teeth after noon, right after a while basically, is that it's my crew after that, right. According to the Hanafi view, it's not. And if you brush your teeth using a substance like toothpaste, then you need to make sure you eliminate the toothpaste entirely from your mouth. But that would also be considered macro, right along with the brushing of the teeth. That's according to the Shafia view.
But if you follow the Hanafy view, you can brush your teeth all day long. The safest thing to do is then to do so without toothpaste. Right, that would be your best bet. Any other questions?
Bismillah Can you pass the mic designed to please? And if she feels uncomfortable, in which case you don't worry about it.
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are
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Milena you
speak about the Shafi Medina, can you actually over to the Hanafi.
So it's always been in my mind, I've always been unsure of how I also use or use that lead over just do Hanafi who is Hanafi for what is Hanafi and the Sharpie
it's something that was to us, known to us the practice and then it just and how do you tackle it over to Hanafi? Is it by Nia or just in your mind or you just do
what you need to do?
Okay, I'm going to try to simplify the answer as best as possible. It's a rather long discussion. We've been through it a number of times in the past but it's it's a worthy question to address time and time again. What we've been given by Allah is the Quran and Nabi Muhammad Salah Sanam, and for us that now means you have the Quran and you have the Sunnah and we are obliged as Muslims to follow the guidance of the Quran and the Sunnah. But the Quran and the Sunnah are both texts, and texts, naturally, is open to interpretation. What do we mean the bar is?
Allah says,
a lady who is divorced must wait for three periods. But Allah doesn't say whether that's clean periods, whether that's high periods. So what are you going to do
to make it up as you go along? Now, so over the history of Islam, scholars have looked into the Quran looked into the Sunnah and ask themselves, What must we do? What must we do? How do you do? What must you do? What does this is what does this hadith say? So that you and I don't have to do that every single moment or every single thing. What we end up with is a compilation of all of those views based on the Quran and the Sunnah.
and it has distilled down into four schools of thought. Right? All four are based on the Quran and and the Sunnah, using different perspectives using different interpretation tools. And that's the schools of thought. So you have
the Hanafi school, thematic is will the Shafi school the humbly school there were others, but they didn't. They were not formalized and crystallized and distilled, and synthesized and recorded and preserved, like these four schools. So we have books and books and books. And we have many, many scholars trained in the schools. So when we study fit, we generally study fit according to one specific school, so that it's easy for us to to follow.
After years of study, I can tell you I know very little about the other schools of thought most of my time gets spent in Shafi school, learning it, reading it, eaching it, researching in it, because it's vast, it's an entire perspective. So generally, we stick to one school based on what why do we stick to Pasha faceful for example, that's a matter of coincidence,
geography, and his three co incidents because those who initially came here, they happen to come from a Shafi community Indonesia, Malaysia. So predominantly, we follow the Shafi school geographically because again, certain parts of the world predominantly follow one particular school. So for example, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia predominantly follow the Shafia is for Yemen, predominantly the Shafi school, but you go to places like Turkey, for example, predominantly the Hanafi school. In fact, most of the Muslim world follows the Hanafi school, go to Mauritania, Maliki school, right, go to many places in the knowledge area, Arabian area, that often follow the humbly
school. So that's geographic, geographical distinction, he studied Klee because the reason why one might have ended in one place and another mother ended in another place is sometimes attributed to one scholar going the and teaching that school of thought. That's why we follow one particular school and not the other. I think if you can maybe just switch the micro funding chakra
and as far as what we are duty bound by no way does Allah say you follow the Hanafi school the Shafi school the Maliki school, right you are not duty bound and you are not confined to only following one particular school. You are duty bound to follow the Quran and the Sunnah. But we cannot follow the Quran and the Sunnah on our own. So we go to the Quran and the Sunnah, through the framework of a particular school.
That school is there as a means of a convenience. It's not a prison. It's a convenience. So that's why as long as you are following valid scholarship, you are fine. Because first Allah Vickery in quantum lotta Allah, mon, we ask those who know when we don't know, I'm not a doctor. So I asked the doctor, I'm not a dentist to ask the dentist, and so forth.
And the opinions that we can follow are basically any opinions that exist within the framework of the four schools of thought that sometimes there are other opinions outside as well. But mostly the opinions within the four schools of thought, we follow that how and why would we go over to another school either because of ease of convenience, because of practical benefit, or because of some need that we have. We just adopt another opinion and that's it. There's no conversion there's no process there's no ritual there's no Nia, there's no
bow, verbal declaration, nothing of the sort. You just decide in this opinion, or in this issue, and following that school method and you go on Hajj. Practically every one of the Shafi school adopts the Hanafi school for what breaks the will do and what doesn't. There is no special ritual that you need to do there is no Hanafy Abdus is no Manaphy whatever that lead is not an action that you do physically it's an action that you just do internally. Right so I hope that makes sense and that's as simple as I could make it inshallah shallow one one more question and then we wrap it up
any of the sisters baps mic is the mic as well?
Smaller boss, yes.
Yes, yes. But mouthwash is like more risky.
Yeah, but mouthwash is even more risky than toothpaste because I mean with toothpaste, you take a drop of two
Space today and that would suffice with mouthwash. You How do you do mouth as you splashing it all around in your mouth the chances of you swallowing some is greater. So if you're supposed to take precaution in rinsing the mouth with normal water, I would say afforded to you you should take even more precaution when using something like that.
But the same thing like tasting food that you need to prepay, it's considered macro similarly using the mouthwash using the toothpaste macro, try to avoid it if you can, if you really must.
Then use it. It's macro is not haram diet. It's important to remember that and it's also important to understand that for the Shafi school, my crew is my crew. There's no different categories of macro in the Hanafi school you get different categories. They got my crew to hurry me which means it's disliked, but you listen
for the for the Shafi school if something is Makrooh it means it's this like is no sin involved whatsoever is no punishment is nothing like that. It does also mean that you should you should rather avoid it and Allah knows best Inshallah, next week, we continue and we are on track to finish the entire Bob the entire Gita before Ramadan commences which is great. That means we will cover taraweeh Antarctica if sunnah fasting fasting of Shaohua all of that will be included in the light Allah was the la vida sitting in Muhammad Subhan Allah Hamdi Subhanak Alohomora behind ignition, either in the end, Lester funeral Furukawa to be like cinema alaykum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh