The Treaty Of Hudaybiyah
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Channel: Sajid Ahmed Umar
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The transcript is a jumbled mix of words and phrases that appears to be a series of disconnected sentences and phrases. The transcript is difficult to summarize as it appears to be a jumbled mix of sentences and phrases. There is no clear conversation or exchange of information between speakers.AI Generated Transcript ©
When you read about Al Hudaybiyyah, you see
many leadership qualities being manifested again from the
messenger.
In terms of his actions,
how he went about things, in terms of
his strategy,
you could see throughout he had the bigger
picture
in mind. Many of us read Al Hudaybih
and we think of Umrah.
But subhanAllah, if you think, if you try
and
sit behind the camera
that is recording the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam,
time and time again you see that at
the top of his agenda was dua.
It was Islam and spreading Islam.
Yes, Umrah
was
the reason for the trip, but everything around
it, and the way he the way he
thought,
the way he strategized,
was everything you could see, he could see.
Dawah wins. Wins for Islam through this journey,
taking place. We see it in his negotiation,
how he negotiated the treaty, in his ability,
in his to be patient, subhanAllah.
How he read people's personalities.
During Al Hudaybiyyah, the Quraysh sent different people
to negotiate.
And every time a person came, the prophet
would
comment
on the personality of the person, that here
comes to you a person who understands, and
here comes to you a person who is
easy. When Suhail came, he said things have
been made easy for you.
And we will see this insha'Allah if I
get to summarize those portions,
for you.
We see the mercy of the messenger
because in some reports,
the prophet
shifted the entire army,
the entire path of the army. 1,400
men.
Subhanallah.
1,400 men. Why?
Because
of a dog, may Allah honor you, that
was giving birth.
For the sake of a dog that was
giving birth, He shifted the whole army.
Talk about animal rights today, you see this,
on as a side point. Remember I said,
you read Hudaybiyyah, but there's so many points,
that matter to us today that are within.
Many of us know the prayer during times
of war and fear.
Ibn Hajar
he says the first salatul Khawf happened during
Al Hudaybiyyah,
The manifestation of it was seen during Al
Hudaybiyyah for the prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam prayed
this du'a when he got to the point
in which he was informed that Khalid ibn
Walid was
was was had had come out with an
army to prevent the Muslims from
entering Mecca. So we see this. Salatrukhof,
part of, the Hudaybiyyah,
expedition
as well. We see also the true allegiance
of the Sahaba to the prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam. Yes, all had happened, but the
allegiance with him was true. Because when he
was informed about Khaled and his army, the
prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam decided to renew
the pledge of allegiance with the people who
were with him, to make sure that everyone's
on board.
And they gave their allegiance of support to
the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam, that we
are with you
under the tree, and the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam mentions this,
The
pledge of,
that Allah subhan
The pledge that manifest Allah's pleasure
over the sahaba,
and how pleased they were with Allah
This pledge of allegiance, it happened during this
expedition
as well. It's about Al Hudaybia, SubhanAllah.
We also learned the human nature of the
sahabah. Many people say, we're not sahabah, they
were sahabah. You know, they were human beings.
They were human beings with iman.
How do we know they were human beings?
Because
when the treaty happened, and they saw what
happened, and they couldn't do umrah, they were
upset. They were human beings. The prophet
said come out of ihram. 3 times they
didn't come out.
They were shocked.
They were in a state of shock.
This is who they were.
Umar at that moment also had any a
discussion with the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
that are we not upon truth and they
upon falsehood? The prophet said, bala, yes. He
said, so why have we settled for a
for for meaning, as if to say we've
they've won and we've lost. Umrah says, thereafter,
I used to pray, and I used to
give sadaqa, and I used to fast
to make up for that conversation I had
with the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam that
day. I wasn't questioning him because of a
human moment.
This also shows you the leadership of the
prophet and how he was with these people,
that he treated them as human beings.
So we see this from Al Hudaybiyyah,
as well. We also learned the rules of
Hajj and Umrah for someone who
enters the state of ihram and is prevented.
And this happened during covid,
where people were prevented from going ahead and
completing their umrah, because the Haram was shut,
or the borders were shut. The rules of
how to come out of a Haram when
you've already made the intention, and you're in
the state of a Haram. That you slaughter,
and you shave, and so on and so
forth. We learned this from this incident
as well, and the books of fiqh reference
the incidents of Hudaybiyyah.
Also, we learned the importance of the Umma
maintaining its
its honor, because we see this in how
the prophet
managed his negotiations.
We also learn
how some times you must lose the battle
to win the war. I'm sure we've heard
the statement before.
As long as you see the bigger picture,
and there's certain things that you know, they're
really not a loss because of the wind
that will become thereafter.
And we see this in the negotiation of
the treaty.
The backdrop very quickly is that in the
6th year after Hejara,
after
obviously Handak, the Quraysh were very weak. Uhud
didn't go their way. Handak was a big
disaster for
them. The Muslims were very strong now. People
knew it. It was felt. The Arabs knew
it. The region knew it. The Quresh also
felt that the Muslims are a force, and
we are weakened, and we're losing people step
by step, and the Arabs are also losing
their
the the shock and awe that they had
for us, all this is gone. So it
was a unique moment. And no doubt, the
sahaba from the from the Muhajirun,
they're from Makkah, their memories are Makkah, their
homes were Makkah, their parents were Makkah,
their childhood was Makkah,
their their sand, their soil was Meccan, they
missed Mecca. No one left Mecca with excitement.
They wanted to go back. They missed the
Ka'bah, they missed Umrah. It's 6 years nothing
has been done. When they lived in Makkah
it was a given, to do tawaf was
a given. It was easy, it was just
there.
You didn't need a visa, you didn't need
permission,
you didn't need an application, you didn't need
to fill a waiver form, you just got
out of your home and did your tawaf.
This hasn't happened.
So they had this desire to go. And
the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam sees this
dream, that he's doing the tawaf, and he's
they're shaving, and the umrah is happening, and
he mentions this to the sahaba, and the
sahaba are excited.
During the lqaddah,
the Prophet
strategically decides, Let's go for the journey.
Why?
Strategy. Is
from the holy months, the sacred months. There's
no fighting that happens during these months.
And when no fighting happens,
nobody can misconstrue our intentions
because, again, remember the propaganda machine, we're going
for Umrah, what will they say? They're coming
to Makkah to fight. And this will shift
the favor to the Quraysh and make people
hate the Muslims. Because how can you come
during the sacred months and to Makkah to
fight the Quraysh?
So the prophet is make wanted it to
be clear. There's no fighting.
And to make it even more clear, he
announced that we're going for Umrah. And he
announced even to the non Muslim Arabs who
are settled there, who wanted to go for
Umrah to join in some narrations,
so that people can see this is not
a Muslim versus Quraysh issue, this is an
Umrah issue. We're just coming for Umrah. There's
none Muslims also traveling.
No issues here. So this was a strategic
move from the Prophet
Also he went into ihram from the Madinah
mikat, and he's got his talbiyah going, so
nobody can feel anything. But he was not
naive, Sallallahu alaihi wasallam, he did go with
his weapons because that was the nature
of the circumstances at the time.
The prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam,
he leaves with 1400 men,
as Imam An Nawawi and ibn Hajjar mentioned,
And he leaves with 70 camels designated to
be sacrificed in the Haram boundary, and he
leaves with 40 horsemen,
and he took whatever he could carry from
his weapons.
The intention of Umrah is very clear.
The Quraysh, they're
naturally going to hear about this. It's very
newsworthy
when an when a when a caravan of
this size or a group of this size
move along the desert, they get wind of
it, and obviously,
they didn't want to have this. For them,
it was a great dilemma.
Right? How can we let them in
after their disunity with us?
But at the same time, how can we
block them? We don't want the Arabs to
say that we've taken over the Kaaba, we
we are custodians of the Kaaba, the Kaaba
doesn't belong to us. So they were in
a dilemma, what do we do?
At the same time, they knew if we
fight, the Muslims may win.
And
if we let them in, the other Arabs
will say, look, the Muslims forced their sounds
into Mecca,
and the Quraysh are totally weakened. That's the
end of the Quraysh. So they were in
a big dilemma, meaning the circumstances were not
playing out well for them.
They decide to send Khalid ibn Waleed
with
an army to block the Muslims
at the usual entry route into Makkah. The
prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam, being who he was,
the master technician and leader, he sends Busar
ibn Sufyan, someone from his army, from his
group rather,
to go and fact find.
He comes back and says, Khaled has been
dispatched with an army to block you. Now
the prophet salallahu alaihi wasallam wants to make
clear that we're not here for war.
So what should we do? Abu Bakr subhanallah
speaks up and says, we didn't come to
fight. We came for Umrah. But if they
want to fight, we will fight.
Because we coming for Umrah, this has nothing
to do with us.
Despite this, the prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam
wants to change his the route.
There's no easy route, but let's see if
we can find another route. He does Shura
again, a companion says, there's another route via
valleys and mountains, it will get you to
Makkah via
Hudaybiyyah. Why is the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam doing this? This is far harder.
To travel through valleys and mountains is taxing
on the body, taxing on the animals, taxing
on the resources,
taxing on your water supplies. Generally, you travel
to the desert where you knew there were
desert wells.
But he did this to prove his point
further, Islam is a religion of peace. And
this is the lesson for everyone at large,
that whenever the Prophet
had a choice, he chose peace.
He could have said let's go and face
Khali then fight because they've come out with
the army. He said let's just avoid them,
let's go the other route. It was hard
on the sahabah. The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam
guided them to be patient.
Khalid picks up through the desert sand and
the movements of the the desert dust, that
SubhanAllah, we've missed them, they've changed position, he
sends word back to the Quraysh, and obviously
things have to change, we need to find
them from whichever other route they're coming into
Makkah from. They get to Al Hudaybiyyah and
Al Kaswa stops,
the camel of the prophet
And Kaswa stops
and,
the Sahaba tried to push it. They would
say, hal hal. This was a common Arab
term to get the camels to move. It
didn't move. And some of them said that
Kaswa has disobeyed.
And the prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam being
a mercy to mankind, and not just mankind,
to Alamin.
Even the plants and the trees and the
animals, he defended Kaswa. No. No. No. Don't
spoil Kaswa's reputation. He said, Kaswa has not
disobeyed, but rather the one who stopped the
elephants from moving
has stopped Kaswa from moving.
And as such, they were sanctioned there. Now
we only have 3 minutes till Maghrib.
I don't know if we have anyone from
the admin who can guide us. If we
wait for Adan, do we have some time?
Because if not, I will go straight into,
the lessons.
Let's wait for someone to come out inshallah.
So
as the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam camped
here, some things happened. Firstly, he sent delegates
to the Quraysh to negotiate. Delegates came to
him to negotiate. Eventually he sent Uthman, as
I told you previously. Uthman was respected by
the Quraysh. When he got into Makkah, the
Quraysh welcomed him, and the Quraysh allowed him
to do tawaf. They said, you, you can
do tawaf. They liked Usman.
But Usman said, I will not do any
tawaf until you allow the prophet sallallahu alaihi
wasallam to do tawaf. Wow. What a
move,
Eventually, Usman was kept, and a rumor went
out to say that Usman has been killed
by the Quraysh.
And this is where this Baya happened, the
Baya Turiduan. The Prophet
took the oath of allegiance. Anyway, the Quraysh
found out that matters are escalating,
and they sent Suhail ibn Amr.
Suhail,
his name has the words sin, and lamb.
In the Arabic language means easy.
When the Prophet saw Suhail coming, he said
to the companions,
your your your issue has become meaning our
situation has become easy.
It's not gonna be a fight. And as
such, the treaty of Hudaybiyyah took place, this
negotiation took place.
So,
this is where now these negotiations took place,
the famous negotiations
of the Treaty of Al Hudaybiyyah.
These negotiations
entailed
a few major elements. From them, number 1,
that the Muslims don't do this year, they
go back. Why?
Why?
What's the point?
No, because think about it. We said this
earlier. The Quraysh were in the dilemma. If
they let the Muslims come in now, everyone
will say the Muslims forced the hand of
the Quraysh and got into Makkah. This makes
the Quraysh look weak. For them, it was
a middle way for them, send them this
year, go back and come back next year.
So we tell people we didn't block them,
they're coming by next year.
And the Prophet
agreed. From them,
whoever
comes to you from us,
send them back, if the guardian didn't give
them permission. And whoever comes to us from
you, we can keep them, we don't send
them back.
Prophet
said, okay.
No problem.
Done. It's a deal.
What's the third one?
They said, we are allowed to enter into
treaties with other people who we wish, and
you are allowed to enter into treaties with
other people
as you wish.
Now many of us don't know this,
but
that condition,
that part of the treaty was the first
time you can say the Quraysh recognized the
Muslims
as an entity, and Madinah as a Muslim
city,
and a Muslim country,
and Islam
as a force in the region.
Because they're telling them, you can enter into
treaties with other people.
These were wins, the sahaba didn't pick up
these wins at the beginning, they just saw
Umrah, the Prophet saw Dawah, saw Islam. What
does this mean for Islam and Dawah?
I'll stop here, after the adhan, I have
5 minutes, we'll go into it inshallah.
I've got 5 minutes, so we'll continue very
quickly.
1 of the,
one of the portions of the treaty or
one of the conditions of the treaty was
that a ceasefire will take place for 10
years.
Again, this is a great win for the
Muslims, because think about it. A ceasefire meant
that now the prophet
could focus on other matters.
He didn't have to worry about the Quraysh.
And it's not coincidental that after this treaty,
the battle of Khaybar happened, and that was
against the Jews of Khaybar. So the prophet
sallallahu alaihi wa sallam now could focus on
other threats to the Umba, and also focus
on Dawah going beyond the Arabian Peninsula.
So these were some of,
the points of the treaty. Now the writing
came,
and Ali radiallahu an, he was lettered, he
began writing for the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam.
So the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam said, right?
So he'll said, no,
No, no, no, no, no. We know
we know Allah, we don't know Rahman. Who
is Rahman? We don't know Rahman. Right?
In the name of Allah. Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam said to Ali, Right? Then,
he said
right there that this is between the Quraysh
and the Messenger of Allah, Rasulullah. They said,
no, no. Suhail said, no, no, no, no,
no, no, no.
And he we know you through your lineage.
If we believe that you are the messenger
of Allah, we wouldn't have this, we wouldn't
need this treaty, we wouldn't have this problem.
Right? Muhammad ibn Abdullah.
Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam told the Ali to
do so. Ali refused, he said, wallahi, I
won't do it,
you are Rasulullah.
The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam said, wallahi, I
am the Messenger of Allah,
I am the messenger of Allah. And the
Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam told the Ali,
show me where this portion is. Ali pointed
it and the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
rubbed Rasulullah with his own hands. Remember,
lose the battle, win the win the war,
no problem. Let this let it go through.
Once this was done, the prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam told the companions to come out
of e Haram. I'ra. He said slaughter your
animals and shave your hair.
But they didn't. He said it again, they
didn't. He said it again, they didn't.
And the Prophet
walked into his tent
upset,
And he traveled to Al Hudaybia with his
wife,
the mother of the believers,
And he said to her, what's this is
what they're doing. So said to him, You
Rasulullah, they
to the effect that they're in a state
of shock. They can't
comprehend what's just happened. They missed Makkah for
so long. You saw a dream. They're in
ihram. They have their animals. They've done the
talbiyah, they've been doing labbayk, they've come all
the way here. A treaty has happened and
that treaty is saying you can't do the
umrah.
So So you Rasoolallah, you go out, don't
say anything to them, you slaughter your animal
and shave your hair. The prophet salallahu alaihi
wa sallam, listen to her. Look how Islam
honors a female.
Listen to her, he went
out, he slaughtered his animal, and he called
for his barber to come shave him.
And when the sahaba saw him doing this,
they started doing it. Immediately.
Because the action took them out of that
shock. Maybe they thought a verse will come
from Allah, the matter will be changed, let's
wait. They saw him doing it, they knew
it's done.
And this is what happened.
Eventually as I said some discussions happened
between them and the prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam.
From them, some said that the Muslims
suffered a blow in these negotiations.
Meaning to the effect, that you know, they
settled for the worst. We were worse off
after this. And when this news reached the
prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam, he said this is
this is this this speech is
This speech is not,
appropriate.
And he highlighted all the different wins that
they have, that they had. And they said,
oh some of them said, but you saw
in the dream that we will be doing
the Umrah. He said, yes.
Like we will do the Umrah.
But when we'll do the Umrah? That's another
matter. The Umrah will happen.
And also you have to remember,
this Umrah was an Umrah. Because they were
prevented, they went back to Madinah with the
rewards of Umrah.
And that's why this Umrah is counted from
amongst the 4 Umrah's that the prophet sallallahu
alaihi wa sallam did. They say he did
4 Umrah's after he became a messenger. From
them is this one,
the umraaf al Hudaybiyyah. Even though it didn't
happen, he was reordered because he was prevented.
So in terms of the akhirah and the
jannah building, it was done. The sahaba were
going back as winners, even though they didn't
do the tawaf and the sahih.
But obviously this was difficult for some of
the companions to comprehend.
From the benefits very quickly, my dear brothers
and sisters in Islam, number one, the Quraysh
finally acknowledging the Muslims as an independent state,
and we spoke about this because the treaty
allowed them to sign treaties with other people.
Meaning,
they
are acknowledging that if the Muslim sign a
treaty with another entity,
and the Quraysh
harm that entity,
and the treaty is one of security,
then the Quraysh can expect the Muslims to
come and defend who they attacked by attacking
the Quraysh, and this will be perfectly fine.
This won't be seen as an act of
treason or an act of unfair war. So
this was a major win for the Muslims.
It wasn't a loss, it was a win.
Number 2,
further respect and aura being developed in the
hearts of the idol worshipers, the Jews and
the hypocrites regarding Islam and the Muslims.
Because now everyone is witnessing that the Qurayshah
signing treaties with the Muslims,
and they're a respected entity, they're a respected
group. So this grows people's recognition
amongst the wider inhabitants of the region.
Number 3, a ceasefire of 10 years. As
we said, it gave the prophet salallahu alaihi
wa sallam the opportunity to focus on other
enemies. It gave the Prophet salallahu alaihi wasalam
the opportunity to do more dawah, to do
dawah to those who are sitting on the
fence, to do dawah to those who are
further away. And we see his strategy in
terms of dawah and Islam spreading. And earlier
we said Hudaybiyah had a bigger picture, everyone
saw it as Umrah, the Prophet
saw it as dawah and Islam and Umrah.
He was always thinking of Dawah, thinking of
Islam.
The next benefit also
is that this allowed for the Arabs to
see the Muslims for who they were, that
they were not a warring nation.
There were many Arabs in the region who
were sitting on the fence because of propaganda
machine of the Quraysh.
Because of this treaty,
it gave them the ability to consider the
message of Muhammad salallahu alaihi wasallam. This is
another win.
And also this treaty was a fath in
and of itself, and Allah
revealed after Hudaybia, Inna fathahna laka fathham Mubina,
we've opened for you, O Muhammad, a great
opening.
This treaty led to the opening of Makkah.
Why?
Because in the treaty it said whoever comes
to Muhammad, from the Quraysh Muhammad has to
send them back. When the prophet sallallahu alaihi
wasallam was sending them back, they didn't want
to go back, they settled in a place
in between.
Suddenly there was a community in between and
this community became a nuisance to the caravan
of the Quraysh and the trade of the
Quraysh. It weakened the Quraysh
because of this treaty.
This was a side effect of it, number
1. Number 2,
the Quraysh
broke or the Quraysh attacked a group of
people that had signed a treaty of security
with Muhammad salallahu alaihi wa sallam and the
Muslims.
And that is what led to the prophet
salallahu alaihi wasallam leaving Mecca with an army
to to open Mecca.
That is what led squarely
to the opening of Mecca, with little bloodshed.
And also in effect, it guaranteed the umrah
for the Muslims because the treaty stated that
the Muslims will come the following year, and
do umrah, and spend 3 days in Makkah.
The Quraysh would leave them, the Muslims would
come in, they would do their umrah, and
go back.
of the treaty of Al Hudaybiyah.
of the treaty of Al Hudaybiyah.