Oaths Vows and Expiation in the Islamic Fiqh

Hacene Chebbani

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humbler brand new salatu salam ala Ashrafi Musa insane them Hamid Radha early yo sabe Ajmeri we had to start late because we change the time and many people don't pay attention to the new timing I used to come here at eight o'clock. But anyway, today insha Allah will be talking about an Amen, and another Kenny oaths and vows and their expiation in the Islamic Sharia.

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And these are two different chapters and sometimes they are together in one chapter, it depends on you know, every *y every alum has his own methodology. But basically an Amen is the plural world of Li Amin, and if you mean means in Arabic, the right hand and this oath was named Idi Amin, because it was the habit of the Arabs whenever they make an oath of the promise each other something they will shake hands. So it was called Alia mean, Allah subhanaw taala called it Ali Amin or a man in the Quran, like Kamala, who we love with a man equal. So these are an Islamic fake. It means to confirm something by mentioning the name of Allah subhanaw taala or one of his attributes. You

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confirm your plan you confirm something that you want to do in the in the future, or you confirm any information you are telling someone about something that happened that took place telling him about an event and you want it to you want him to believe you. You want him to believe you then you mentioned the name of Allah subhanaw taala include the name of Allah subhanaw taala or one of his attributes in your statement and that would be an oath. So you would be swearing by the name of Allah subhana wa Tada. But basically, we know Hamdulillah this is basic knowledge many people know about it that swearing by other than Allah subhanaw taala is not permissible and we are not allowed

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to swear by any thing other than Allah subhanaw taala or one of his names, and this is a sin in Sharia. Also Lhasa Selim said in the famous Hadith and in Allah and hakam and Delhi for we ever equal for men can hardly fulfill reality if we lie only as much. So Rasul Allah Azza Salem shared in a famous Hadith Verily Allah forbids you to swear by your fathers. That was maybe the habits of them, some of the Arabs at the time of Rasulullah Salam, these to mention their the names of their fathers when they want to make an oath. So Rasulullah sallallahu tell told them at the time, you're not supposed to do it. If one of you has to take an oath, then he should swear by Allah otherwise he

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should keep quiet. It's better for him to keep quiet. In a different Hadith he said men had a busy life aka Shahrukh. So he said whoever swears by Allah, then he has committed shirk. Now here we have to be careful.

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Yanni. This is a good example. A good example about the fact that small knowledge or little bit of knowledge, a little bit of knowledge could be very dangerous. There's someone who would read this hadith and think right away that the person who does something like that becomes a mushrik Yeah, and he becomes a non Muslim. The aroma of he said, This is shirk, Sr. This is minor shirk and minor shaker minor Cofer does not take the person out of the fold of Islam. He does not become a real Mushrik he does not become a Kaffir or disbelieve in Allah subhanho wa taala. So minor Cofer or minor shake is a sin. It is a major sin, and also Lhasa Selim used to I think he used this term a

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sheriff to encourage people to stay away from it, not not to swear by anything other than Allah subhanho wa taala. And this, the expiation of this oath. The aroma, they said is to make a Safar to make Toba to Allah subhanho wa Taala you don't have to pay anything. You just have to say that Ilaha illa Allah because there is another Hadith in which Rasul Allah says Salim said man Khalifa for kala be free healthy he believed he will Rosa familia que la ilaha illallah Hadees he didn't say that he becomes a Kaffir because if he becomes a Kaffir, he would Rasul Allah sesamum would say that he should say Allah Allah, Allah Allah Muhammad Rasul Allah, but here he is saying he should say La

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Ilaha illa Allah, whenever whoever amongst you swears by Latin and Rosa when making an oath a lateral Rosa there were two idols that used to be worshipped at the time of Jaya Helia before during the pre Islamic era. One of them was in the area of Makkah, and the other one was outside the city.

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Ufuk

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so Rasul Allah Azza wa sallam he said whoever swears

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in his oath and makes a mistake in his oath by saying by alert analyser, then he should say La Ilaha illa Allah and that will be the Kafala of this mistake. He is not supposed to pay anything in this hadith is in Bukhari, and Muslim. So the rule here is swearing by one's father, one's mother, by the life of the prophet saw Selim. This is by the way, a common mistake. We're here to Nebby They say people, we say we're here to Nabhi. We're here only we're here to avoid the these are common mistakes in our community in different communities. I don't know in the other non speaking Arabic communities. I'm not sure but I'm talking about my community. This is very common. This is a common

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mistake. people swear by the life of their mothers by the life of their fathers, by the life of Prophet Muhammad wa salam, or the name of Jesus or any other creation, anything other than Allah subhanho wa Taala is not permissible and it is a sin. And this is a common mistake that when you hear someone

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saying something like that, you should correct them by any

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you have to be kind. You should correct them and tell them this is not permissible in the Sharia of Islam.

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Basically, there are three types of oaths. In general, there are three types of oaths. The first one is Ilya Mo Le Amin, Eliza mousse. It could be translated as the engulfing oath, and this is very dangerous.

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Lindell oedema, Carlo Soumya Taha moose and the anatomy so Sahiba fill out our Mr. Sahiba have enough.

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He said the earliest that he said it was called the engulfing oath because it's either immerses the one who says it

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in sin he becomes sinful or it immerses him in hellfire and this Allah Salam o Allah here. So it is a to swear by Allah that the person did or did not do something in the past while deliberately lying about it. So he's lying about it on purpose. He knows that he's lying.

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He knows that he's lying and it has two levels to normal engulfing

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oath when you give it a false information to other people, it is yummy and Kariba it is removed. But this is a very some there is another Yemen that that goes to a higher level where you use the CME in this hole to take the property of someone else. So there are two types in the first CME you don't take the property if anyone, you don't take their money. You don't you don't hurt them. But you give them wrong information. You tell them Wallah I traveled yesterday to muffin this town and you know that you didn't make this trip. So this is Yameen care diva. But it's not like the one that you make. When having a dispute with someone else financial dispute method. Someone gave you a loan and

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you stand up in front of the calling and the judge and you say well Allah, Hey, I didn't take anything from him. So this is Yemeni Ramos and Rasul Allah Azza wa sallam said Sahiba with our ad winner, or will other available karma. So the person who makes this oath to take the property of another Muslim will face severe consequences on the day of judgment. And he's a promise of a severe punishment on the Day of Judgment, unless he makes Toba and, you know, returns the property to its owner, rightful owner, and makes Toba that's a different story, Allahu Allah Allah. But it is a major sin to remember they said Alia mean and Camus is a major sin we should not use the name of

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Allah subhanho wa Taala were lying or saying false information, giving full false information to other people. The second type of Yemeni is called the liminal monarca, the enacted oath and it is to willfully swear by the name of Allah to do or not to do something in the future. And you're talking about a plan here

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in sha Allah, Allah will do this and this and this, I will give you $500 Or I will do this or read from the Quran, or I will fast Mondays and Thursdays next week. Any plan, so something to do in the future or not to do I will by Allah, I will never do this. Okay, this is something you're not giving any information about something that took place in the past. You're talking about future plans. Or

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you know,

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So the old AMA, they said here, if, if a person breaks this oath, then he has to make the expiation, and we'll talk about different types of expiation at the end. Can you had the plan and use the name of Allah subhanaw taala and your oath, but you didn't fulfill that plan, then you have to make an expiation. And sometimes it is not a sin to break your oath. We'll talk about it. And because this is another common mistake, many people think when you make an oath you asked for to fulfill it, no, sometimes maybe you have to break your oath, or you need to break your oath for the sake of Allah subhanaw taala to do something better. So it's not always a sin, to break your oath. This is a

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common mistake that we'll talk about it today in sha Allah. But this is called Le Amin al monarca, the enacted oath, when you have the intention, to make an oath, you're talking about the plan, and you have the intention to make an oath to confirm this plan. And the third type of oath, a Yemeni level, the mistaken oath.

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And the mistaken oath is to swear the first type of this mistaken oath to swear about something thinking that it is a such what a reality it was not as you thought. So you tell someone Wallahi it was raining today in ergy, for example, based on your knowledge about the forecast, you read about the forecast last night, and you thought that it will be raining today in Earth Day, so you made an oath us the name of Allah subhanho wa taala. How do you mean love? What does it mean, it's a mistaken oath, you don't have to pay any expiation, if you know that it did not rain in Earth three today. There is nothing wrong with it. And he didn't mean to lie,

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by you thought that it rained in Earth Day to day. So he gave him some information based on your previous knowledge, but he turned out to be different. And you found out that it was not the case was not as you thought. So here there is no blame on you. And there is no expiation that is due for this mistaken oath. The second type of Yamina level the mistaken oath, is to swear by the name of Allah subhanaw taala with no intention of making any oath.

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It is part of your daily speech, there are people who have the habit to use the name of Allah subhanaw taala with every statement Wallah, you go first Wallah you come here sit down here Wallah, you eat this, and this is a habit that we have it's not good. But this is the Amin Allahu Allah, Allah subhanaw taala will not punish you for this yummy because you don't have the intention. And Allah subhanaw taala will not impose any blame on you because you don't have the intention to make any oath. But you just have the habit of using the name of Allah subhanaw taala is not something that is appreciated in Sharia. But it's not a sin. Because Allah subhanaw taala said,

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Allah, beloved with the aim and this is in Surah Al Baqarah. Well, I can use Bhima cassava Toluca. So in Surah Baqarah, two to five, he says, Allah does not impose blame upon you for what is an intentional in your oaths, but he imposes blame upon you for what your hearts have earned? Or does it mean only have a plan and you have the intention to make an oath? Here now Allah subhanaw taala if you break this oath, and there are some consequences that you have to pay, you have to deal with some consequences. But if you use Yemeni Allah who then Allah subhanaw taala is forgiving and forbidding. Because at the end of the day, I said, Well, Allah who are foreign Haleem, ALLAH is

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forgiving, and forbidding Allah to Allah Anna,

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there is another safety clause that you can use in your oaths to be in the safe side to say in sha Allah, if you are not sure about yourself, if you're not sure about your future plans, so the older mother said, when the oath contains the safety clause of saying in sha Allah, then the person will not be guilty of breaking his oath. That means he doesn't have to pay anything. And he's in the safe side. What is the proof is the hadith of Rasulillah Salam min Halifax Armenian, *a, Allah insha Allah Allah Mia Anna, this is a Hadith from Rasulillah Salam Rotimi. Do you have no matter when they say, he said whoever swore an oath and said Insha Allah, then if Allah has wills, if Allah wills he

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would not be guilty of breaking his oath if he breaks it. So he doesn't have to pay anything. He doesn't have to deal with any expiation

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So if you add insha, Allah, the odometry said, this clause has to be connected with the first statement, you don't say inshallah after one hour or two hours. Okay? This is the opinion of the majority of scholars will love Thailand, both statements have to come from the same person. Yeah, and you don't say something. And then your friend or your companion will say, insha Allah, then keep quiet, you don't say anything.

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This is not

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an exception for you to your statement. Your statement is not, you're not in the safe side, what which means, if you break your oath, you still have to deal with the consequences, because it is your friend who said, insha, Allah no to you.

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And they said, it has to be clearly pronounced. The intention of making this exception is not enough. It's not sufficient, it's not accepted, you have to clearly pronounce this exception, or the safety clause of saying insha Allah.

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What if a person swears an oath to do something, and then he thinks that there is another action that is better, another course of action that is better, and he makes an oath not to give any sadaqa to so and so.

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And then he would think about it again and say, I mean, it doesn't make sense giving sadaqa is always good. Maybe I should give him sadaqa this person

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all although they didn't have a good relationship, so he made this statement, and then he changes he changed his mind. So here he is allowed to break his oath, and give that person sadaqa. And he but he has to pay the kuffar. He has to make the expansion as I said, we'll talk about it. What is the proof is the hadith of Rasul Allah says Allah, he was talking to Abdul Rahman and who some are the Allahu Anhu. And he told him what either had left to Allah meaning for either Hydra, Hydra and minha for Kaffir and yummy Anika was the lady who will hire additional Buhari or Muslim. So he was talking to other men who Samora are in salatu salam, talking to other men who some are the Allahu Anhu. And

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he told him whenever you take an oath to do something, and later you find that something else is better, it's a better choice. He said then CAFR annual Munich experience for your oath, and do what is better for you. And this is one of the common mistakes in our community, that people think when they make an oath. That's it. They are not supposed to change it unless they are forced to or we don't have a choice or No, it's okay. If we find another a better choice than pay the Tafara, make the expiation and do what is better for you or your family or your community. Now, what is the expression of a valid oath? We said if ye Amin is Ramos, someone is lying. And it's engulfing oath

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he has doesn't have to pay anything. It is a major sin. But he doesn't have to pay because it is not an accepted oath. If someone is has made a mistaken oath, yeah. And he he made an oath about something thinking that it is a search. And then he found out that the story is different. It's a different case. But he didn't mean to lie, he made a mistake, and he doesn't have to pay anything. There is no kuffaar for this oath, or it is his habit to use the name of Allah subhanaw taala all the time. He doesn't mean he doesn't intend to make any both, then he or he doesn't have to pay. Now we're talking about a valid oath, which we call the Yemeni monarchy there in Arabic, or the enacted

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oath to Allah subhanaw taala told us about the kuffaar in Surah Tenma ADA in Iowa 89 He said lo que como la who we love we feed Are you Manickam This isn't salted Matt ADA. Allah will not impose blame upon you for what is meaning meaningless in your oath and he doesn't have any meaning. Well, I can you ask you to come be mad to me. Amen. But he will impose blame upon you for breaking what you intended of oaths.

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This isn't the same idea 89 In Surah tilma Ada and then he said *a Farah to it arm or Ashara tema Sakeena. mean I was taught to email to three Munna Aliko there is another common mistake here. People whenever they break an oath, they think about fasting three days. This is a big mistake, because Allah subhanaw taala did not give us the choice of fasting till the end. And this is this is very clear in this idea. If you check this ayah in Surah tilma 89 You don't go to fasting right away. No, you have to follow the steps

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Allah subhanaw taala mentioned so here he said *a Farah to it. Ah Ma Shara T Misaki. And I mean also the amount of time on Aliko elke sweat tomb out hurry Raghava, Allah Subhana Allah is a mentioning here the first option, but within this first option is giving us three choices. Within the first step or first level, is giving us three choices. The first choice is to feed 10 needy people from the average of that which we feed our families. Yeah, and it doesn't have to be expensive. It doesn't have to be very cheap.

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If you spend Matheran the average of $10 for your lunch or for your dinner, that would be the value of your Cafaro and you need to feed 10 People 10 Different people is not enough to feed one person 10 times

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because Allah subhanaw taala said Ashura, Messiah Ki, he said you need to feed 10 People 10 needy people. This is the first choice. The second choice is to clothe them.

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We'll talk about the criteria or the measurement of this clothing. And the third step is to free a slave.

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But we don't have slaves these days, so it's not an option for us. Then Allah subhanaw taala said firmer lamb aged fossa, Yarmuth, Ella 30 A year mean, but whoever cannot find or afford it, then a faster three days is required. And that is the expiation of oaths. When you have sworn that it can conform to a medical either hallelujah tomb

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time. So we have the food as I said, and it's enough to what is the value of this food? The minimum value Allahu Allah Allah Allah is 1.5 kg of rice or wheat.

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This this is the minimum

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1.5 kg is like the Kafala of breaking a fasted Ramadan if someone was sick, or has he suffering from permanent sickness, and he's not able to fast and he has to pay for each day, this value this amount of food, and sorry, older odema They said it's better to make it a full meal, either lunch, or, or, or dinner. So the minimum value would be 1.5 kg kilogram of rice or wheat. And then it's always better to make it a full meal with some meat, some juice. You know 10 $15 Allah Tala Anna but we'll talk about the money now about paying money paying it in cash. Now the second step or the second choice, which is clothing, they said their own amount you give them enough clothes for their prayer

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to be valid. Any one heart is not enough

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to give him one pant is not enough. So the clothing that you give him has to be enough for him. For his prayer to be valid. For a woman you need to give her a hijab for hijab with a femur because she cannot pray without covering her head. She has to cover her head if you are giving some clothing to a woman.

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Man, yeah, and he doesn't have to cover his head. But at least you give him enough clothing for his prayer to be valid Allah Allah

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Are we allowed to give to give them money majority of scholars they said Allah subhanaw taala mentioned food and clothing, he did not mention money so you shouldn't give money.

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In the Hanafi school of thought they said it is permissible to pay them money to give them money. And the conclusion will allow to Allah Allah as it was made by some scholars, they said you try your best to offer this far in the form of food or clothing. If you are not able to do that, like here, it's very difficult to find sometimes 10 people who need some rice or wheat it could be difficult here could be easy back home in many countries, but he it could be difficult. So you can give the money or you send it to a relief organization and he told them this is a 40 Amin and then they have to take care of it they have to buy food and give it to those who are in need in different

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countries. So the owner they said this is the conclusion this is the best opinion to say you try your best to pay it in the form of food or clothing the weight loss pantalla mentioned it in Surah tilma ADA if you are not able to do that then it is enough it should be fine to pay cash for Allahu Tirana annum.

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Now about the fasting

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there are two opinions about fasting these three days.

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Are we supposed to fast them in a row?

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consecutively or we can spread them out. So the best opinion of Allah Allah Allah is to fast them in a row. Unless someone had an excuse and he had to travel or he became sick after the first day. This is a valid excuse he can continue the next day. Like he had to break the first index second day, he can continue after that if he has a valid excuse, if he didn't have a valid excuse is better for him to repeat a fast and fast them consecutively in a row and that without any interruption, and that would be inshallah accepted from him. How do we know when is the person is unable to feed or or buy clothing?

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When the person is

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when is he when does he have the right to say I'm not able to feed I'm not to buy any clothing, I'll just move to the other option which is fasting three days.

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So the majority of scholars majority shun literally whatever they believe that if a person has more than what he needs for himself and his family within 24 hours

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and what is left after that is enough to feed 10 people, then he has to feed these 10 people that could be very difficult for some people who are poor, not for most of people can afford actually to pay the kuffar for 10 people. But in case there is person who has enough for 24 hours to feed himself and feed his family, and the rest is enough to pay the kuffar full time people. They said they do more majority of scholars. They said he has to pay this this this money,

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which could be very difficult in this case if someone has only something left, but for a few days and then he has to pay it as a Kuffar. The opinion of Imam Shafi is a little bit different is more merciful. Imam Shafi said if the person is deserving of zakat, like he's *y

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or miskeen is deserving, then he doesn't have to pay anything. He can he has the right to move to the next step which is fasting three days like method and

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someone what is the criteria or what is the how do we know that the person is faqeer the odometer he said if his income is less of 50% of what he needs for the whole year. He needs 20,000 To cover the basic expenses for the whole year, and his income is less than 10,000. He needs 20. His income is less than 10,000. This is a faqeer and he deserves to receive the cat and miskeen. Someone who is better than this Faqir. His income is more than 50% 60% 70% but he still is not enough. He needs 20,000 his income is 15,000

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He still is sure to have that 5000 So he's miskeen is not faqeer. But the second one deserves Zika too. So the Imam Shafi he said if a person deserves to receive the cat from other people, then he's faqeer or his miskeen and he doesn't have to pay the cat FARA offer the kuffaar in the form of food or clothing and he has the right to move to the other step to the next step which is fasting three days this is more merciful will allow to Allah

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Now let's talk a little bit about nudura vows and then if you have questions we'll leave them till the end inshallah.

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Another is different than oath. Another and most of the people when they talk about another the submissive they use the Zed instead of T H or d h in Arabic is another because the Quran the Quran use use the word another or another. So with them, but when it is translated in in books, in English books, we usually people use the letter Zed I don't like it because people will not pronounce it in the right way.

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People will keep keep saying NASA, NASA Mizzou but in Arabic is neither or Moodle okay. So another here which is vow in English is to make something which is not obligatory and obligation upon yourself. Due to some occurrence Jonnie are facing some conditions, some hardship, or without any hardship. He just thought about making another to Allah subhanaw taala and making a vow to obey Allah subhanaw taala to make it calf in the masjid for

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One night, too fast one day to give a sadaqa to slaughter, Debbie, for the sake of Allah subhanaw taala or do something. So it's a little bit different than oath.

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Oh if you make it you can make an oath and say, Well Allah will do this and give this sadaqa but in another, you don't use the name of Allah but you say all I vow to Lila here Allah I promise Allah, even the word promise is not clear is not used directly in Enugu What do you make another? The translation the English word is vowel in Arabic to Lila Allah, Jana throne and Malacca. You know, it is I'm making it an obligation upon myself to do this and that when you take if you look at Arabiya Kalu example, Micallef in Macau matar enough, Sahar eBUY that delay re Rolla Zima Tila obviously Shara it was not an obligation upon him, but he himself decided to make it obligatory upon himself.

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It's his choice. This way the owner Maddy said is not is not good. It's not a good idea to make another if you want to make it calf make it a calf without making any Nether. If you want to fast,

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fast without making any Nether without making any vow if you want to give sadaqa gives her the power without making any vowel. Because if you make a vow and you are not able to fulfill it, or you don't fulfill it, right, this is not something this is not something that is appreciated in the deen of Allah subhanaw taala Allah subhanaw taala told us about Eva de la sala in the pious people who will receive the reward of Jana on the Day of Judgment, one of their SIFAT you've wound up in nursery where half on a human can a shower room was thought era. So in certainly in sandals pantalla told us about those who will deserve Jana on the day of judgment. He said there are those who fulfill their

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vows. So if you make a vow, we are not able or you don't fulfill it. There is not something that is appreciated. In the deen of Allah subhanaw taala it could be a sin.

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And the very day who's evil will be wide spreading.

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And also nice SLM in a famous Hadith, he talks about the qualities of the first three generations. They said they are the best of this ummah, the first generation, the people who lived with him, and those who come after them, and those who come after them. And then he mentioned they are the rest of people. And he mentioned some bad qualities. One of them he said, you use the ruler, what are you feeling a bit another, they would make vow that they will not fulfill them, one of the qualities of the people who will come after the three first generations. So it's not something to make a vow, sir, it's not something good to make a vow and not fulfill it. And that's why Rasulillah Salam said,

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Men never annuity Allah for you to help women never any asiyah who fail. I see this in Buhari, he said whoever vows that he will obey Allah subhanaw taala will perform an activity rather than he should remain obedient to Allah subhanho wa Taala he should fulfill his vow and whoever made a vow that he will disobey Allah subhanaw taala then he should not disobey Allah subhanaw taala he should not fulfill his vow. Now talking about conditional vows, what are conditional vows, these are very common, very common, and there are some lies I seldom advise the Ummah encouraged to Amana to do them. These conditional conditional vows, and they happen when a person says, if Allah accused my

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son, then I will fast method in two months. If Allah subhanho wa Taala accuse my mother, I will pay

00:34:00--> 00:34:51

$100 methanosarcina $100 is not a big deal. But there are people who make crazy vows crazy vows I know someone who said, If Allah subhanaw taala fulfill my wish, and give me this and that I will keep paying. I'll pay the half of my income or my salary for the rest of my life. That's a crazy vow. And then Masha Allah, he became professional, and his salary was, his income was big. And then he found it very difficult to fulfill the vow. Even his accountant found it difficult to calculate his donations and, and he felt like he's not paying his fullest like he forced himself to pay the sadaqa he shouldn't force yourself and this water so Allah says in him said in another layer Kadima,

00:34:51--> 00:35:00

che and now you have the higher McAdory last Panatela if Allah subhanaw taala is planning to give you what you want, he will give it to you whether you make

00:35:00--> 00:35:22

make the statement this vow or you don't make it. If Allah subhanaw taala did not write this, this name out this bounty or this risk for you he will not get it. So there is no point of making this vow. So that's where Allah says, He said in another ally aka demotion, what are you a hero in nama you stuck around you'll be another liminal boy he'll

00:35:24--> 00:36:01

he said, a vow, neither hastens, no delays, anything he doesn't hasten the color of Allah subhanaw taala if Allah subhanaw taala did not write, for you to get married with stone so you will not get married with her. That's it, just forget about it. You'll be you'll get married to someone else. Because Allah Subhana Allah did not write that you will. He did not decree for you that you get married with so and so. Right. So Rasulullah Zionism is saying it's a pointless don't make it. They never used to be never even they'll behave, he said, but by making this vow, some of the wealth of the miser will be taken out.

00:36:03--> 00:36:09

The Miser Why is a miser because yeah, Allah if you do this for me, I'll pay this. If you don't do it, I'm not going to pay you.

00:36:11--> 00:36:19

So that's why he said in them are you stuck up? Mina Alba Hill and this hadith is in Bukhari and Muslim.

00:36:20--> 00:36:22

Now, how about vows

00:36:24--> 00:36:27

regarding things which are not legislated in Sharia,

00:36:29--> 00:37:18

and things that are crazy, crazy things but they're not legislated as, as an act of Fariba or an act of obedience. We have a good example that took place at the time for Sula, Selim. They said the Hadith in this hadith and Sunnah abidos While the Prophet SAW Selim was delivering a hotbar sermon, when he saw a man standing, and everyone was sitting down, listening to the prophets, iclm and this guy is standing outside, there was an opening or a gate or Salah son was able to see him standing outside under the sun, the heat of the sun. So and then he asked about him, and he told him, he's Abu Israel, his name was Abu Israel. He vowed that he will stand and never sit down.

00:37:20--> 00:37:22

I don't know what is explanation with this.

00:37:23--> 00:37:24

Ilana.

00:37:25--> 00:37:30

He vowed to stand and never sit down. He will never come in the shade.

00:37:31--> 00:37:33

nor speak to anybody.

00:37:34--> 00:37:57

He vowed not to speak to anyone just keep quiet for his I don't know what is the reason of this vowel? And too fast. The last one makes sense. It's an act of EVA and too fast. So Rasulillah as I said, Carla, Lyra Julian, he was talking to a man he said moral failure tackle them Well, yesterday, we'll we'll hear Caldwell, you Tim musoma,

00:37:58--> 00:38:30

Salah Salem, he said, tell him to speak. He doesn't need to make this weird, this crazy Val, tell him to speak, let him come into in the shade and make him sit down. While you Tim Marcel mahoe let him complete his fast. So this is the only thing that makes sense, which is fasting isn't really bad. But the other things don't make sense at all. Standing up and you know, and not sitting down or not speaking to other people, there is no reason for that.

00:38:32--> 00:38:48

So you are not supposed to fulfill this kind of vows. Time there their own Emma have mentioned around seven types of vowels. I'll mention them very quickly now. And then we will, I'll give you a chance to ask some questions if you want to before and

00:38:49--> 00:39:35

the first type of another is called naturally judge alleges will have when someone is angry, it's called a vow of anger when someone is angry, and he wants to stop someone else from doing something. Or he wants to encourage himself to do it. And he's excited and angry. And he said, I will do this and this for the sake of Allah subhanaw taala. So he really doesn't mean to make any vow to Allah subhanaw taala because he's angry or he's excited, or he wants to stop his brother or his mother or his wife from doing something. He's making this statement. So the earlier they said, This is not another and he takes the ruling of a Yameen over an oath and he doesn't have to fulfill his vow, but

00:39:35--> 00:39:59

he has to pay the Cafaro and they can follow if another is the same FARA oath an oath the same you know the feeding 10 People clothing them, freeing slaves or if you are not, cannot afford these three things. You move to the next step which is fasting three days. So this is the ruling of this another this craziness. The second one

00:40:00--> 00:40:01

Another a PA

00:40:02--> 00:40:19

any the vow of obedience, you say, I made a vow to fast three days for the sake of Allah subhanho wa Taala this month if Allah Subhana Allah Cree accused my brother or my mother, or I have to pay sadaqa then you have that you have to fulfill this verb.

00:40:20--> 00:40:25

You have to fulfill this well you have those three days or you pay the sadaqa

00:40:26--> 00:40:38

code in the visa sell him another annuity Allah aliotta Whoever vows to obey Allah subhanaw taala then he should remain obedient to him. subhanho wa Taala This is number two, never pa the vow of obedience.

00:40:40--> 00:40:52

The third one inevitable mobilehome I'll move hand ambiguous the ambiguous vow and he he doesn't mention anything. He says I will do something for the sake of Allah. What are you going to do?

00:40:53--> 00:40:59

We don't know. So had another mobile home and there are people who make this kind of statement.

00:41:01--> 00:41:27

Some rude ama they said, You need to make a Kufa that could follow to Vme to follow to give me so far to never eat Ella Musa Maka Farah to your mean. This is a Hadith has and he said the kuffar the expiation of another one it is not named, it is not named this the hadith of Rasul Allah says Allah, any the person does not mention anything. He doesn't mention the sadhaka or fasting or the Vihara or anything, then it is the same expiation

00:41:29--> 00:41:34

you know the, it will be like the expression of an oath Allah to Allah Anna

00:41:35--> 00:41:40

Netherland, Marcia, and Marcia someone who would who vows to,

00:41:41--> 00:42:18

to drink alcohol or to disobey Allah subhanaw taala or to hurt another Muslim or to cut the ties of kinship with his family members. Anything that is a Massiah here the family said Leia elua OB, it is not permissible to fulfill this kind of vows because it is an act of disobedience. You cannot vow to disobey Allah subhanho wa Taala and many rude Amma decided he has to pay the same expiation cafardo tulameen Allahu Taala number five another MOBA, Annie, I will write this camo I will dress this

00:42:21--> 00:42:49

you know, wear this clothes, this garment, I will go to visit this town if Allah subhanaw taala give me this, this is permissible this, these are not active obedience. These are MOBA hat permissible things are things that are permissible to do and he should you know, another call Do you hire fee neither banal warfare or Turk Malka, Farah, you have the choice not to fulfill the vow because it's not an act of obedience.

00:42:50--> 00:43:21

And you can you can break this vow and pay the kuffaar will Allah Allah Allah and never will worship, we said, is the vow to perform some obligatory acts very bad, some obligations Yarmouth evolved to Allah subhanaw taala to pray five daily prayers you don't need to make a vow for this, because it is an obligation upon you to pray the five daily prayers, what I vow to Allah subhanaw taala I vow that I will first in the month of Ramadan for the sake of Allah.

00:43:23--> 00:43:56

So you don't need to make this vow because it is an obligation upon you to fast the month of Ramadan. So they said he has to he has to pray and he has to fast and lie as you will be he che lives you will shape and there is no expiation if he breaks it's a Marcia if he doesn't pray the five daily prayers it's a Marcia has to pray, has to take care of his prayers. They said there is no explanation here will love to add. These are the seven types of vows will Allahu Taala alum she's going to love her and and we have 10 minutes before we pray

00:43:57--> 00:44:00

Maghrib is 1038 30 today right?

00:44:02--> 00:44:07

So we have 10 minutes before the karma if you have some questions yes rather

00:44:12--> 00:44:22

the time limit so Sunday Monday Saturday for alpha Thursday but I didn't follow any whenever it's possible for you to pay it you should pay it you shouldn't delay it on purpose

00:44:25--> 00:44:44

you know, I said the interval higher we have the choice to do the first one or the second one or the third one. If you can't afford any of these three, then you move to the other step which is fasting three days. So you have the choice and then we'll hire you do only one thing

00:44:46--> 00:44:48

that will be very difficult to do all three.

00:44:50--> 00:44:59

Salam aleikum. Zach Allah, from Allah increase your knowledge. Does the FARA have to be paid specifically to just Muslims?

00:45:00--> 00:45:02

Can you give the Kafala to non Muslims

00:45:05--> 00:45:14

failure is paid specifically to Muslims. While this is good question and I believe that you can give it to both a to

00:45:15--> 00:45:27

to Muslims and non Muslims, but this is something that they will need to confirm because when it comes to freeing the slaves, many scholars they said you can free a non Muslim slave

00:45:28--> 00:46:02

because Allah subhanaw taala did not say recover movement, he did not say men are believing slave and they are in some other aid Allah Allah mentioned that he has to be a movement. So, what I believe is what I believe is that it is permissible to give it to a non Muslim, but I just have to confirm it. Because it's like a sadaqa Allah Allah Adams zakat, we will usually give it to Muslims if they are for Cara and MIDI. In some cases, we are allowed to give it to some non Muslims in some cases zakat.

00:46:03--> 00:46:08

But anyway, this is what I believe, but this is something that they need to confirm. Yes.

00:46:11--> 00:46:12

This question is,

00:46:14--> 00:46:19

can you fast? See consecutive days, you know, even if you don't commit

00:46:21--> 00:46:31

to open and open as an insurance policy, can you what can you fast or be 10 10% key as an insurance policy

00:46:34--> 00:47:16

can be like an insurance sponsor to get you just to feed in case you any you you break method and one of your old son, you're not sure about it. Yeah, you can do that, too, to be in the safe side. And he thought maybe you made an oath and you didn't fulfill it. So it's better to feed 10 days, not fasting, if you're thinking about an oath, that you should give sadaqa to 10 people feed 10 people. As I said, you don't move to fasting, you don't go to the option of fasting, unless you are not able to afford to do the other things. My second question, family members make important that you do something or you

00:47:17--> 00:47:20

know, I'd love to do something in that case, what should you do?

00:47:21--> 00:47:27

If you do it? If you do it, yes, if your father tells you,

00:47:28--> 00:47:36

makes an oath, asking you not to do something, and then you do it, then he has to fulfill he has to pay the expiation

00:47:39--> 00:47:43

for not for not fulfilling the wish of your father.

00:47:46--> 00:48:06

It depends if your father asked you to do something that is not that is Muharram then you have to disobey Him. Because it is a mercy you cannot obey your father and disobey Allah. But if it is an act of obedience or something good for you for the family, you should fulfill his wish because he's your father to obedience thought I'd already

00:48:07--> 00:48:16

thought to validate obedience of your parents kind is part of our kind treatment if our parents believe anything.

00:48:18--> 00:48:26

You know, when it is permissible, when it is halal, it's good for you good for your family or it is an act of a bad then you should do it.

00:48:28--> 00:48:30

Yeah, go ahead.

00:48:32--> 00:48:55

Two or three words and use the comprise meaning for each call. Yeah for for breaking multiple oaths. Okay, if the oath is about the same thing. So by Allah, I will not eat this food. By Allah, I will not eat this food, Allah will not eat this food, about the same food.

00:48:56--> 00:49:43

So it's enough to if you break your oath, and you ate this food, then it is enough to pay only one kuffaar Even though you take the oath was repeated three times, but it is about one thing. But if the oath is about multiple things, so by Allah who will not eat this food, by Allah, I will not spend the night tonight in my house. And by the night I will not travel tomorrow to earn three or two chairs to me. And then we break all these you break all these herbs. You ate, eat from this food. You change your mind and you went to your house. And tomorrow you went to chess to me, he'll have to pay three or four US. So you have to feed 30 People

00:49:44--> 00:49:45

30 People

00:49:46--> 00:49:59

because three multiple things. You see the difference? When the oath is about one thing, and he's repeated, it's okay. It's only one earth one can FARA if it is about multiple things.

00:50:00--> 00:50:13

then it is every oath for every oath you have to pay a cat Farah or for Wonka Farah which is feeding 10 People same is using anger on the streets in anger

00:50:15--> 00:50:16

is the same.

00:50:17--> 00:50:45

Yeah if he has the intention to make an oath This is the criteria how will distinguish between the Amina law mistaken oath and the enacted oath and among Arcada if you have the intention to make the oath, then it is monarchy that you have to pay the kuffar. If it is a mistaken oath, you just said it because it is your habit to mention the name of Allah then there is nothing upon you. You got it now. And you know yourself, you know our intention?

00:50:46--> 00:50:46

Yes.

00:50:51--> 00:50:58

My fisca Farah, there is no kuffaar for Yemeni and Hamas it is a major sin who humbles the engulfing

00:51:00--> 00:51:28

oath when when the person is lying on purpose, while using the name of Allah is a major sin and there is no Kfar for it. The only kuffaar is to make Toba and is still far and if someone took something from another Muslim through this Yameen through this oath, then he has to give it back to his brother, this is his Tober and he has to make this too far. And he has to have a firm intention not to do it again in the future.

00:51:30--> 00:51:33

When he said he was okay and an equally valid source to

00:51:34--> 00:51:35

any lying to his wife

00:51:42--> 00:51:49

very interior there is an exception without using the name of Allah. There is an exception if you

00:51:51--> 00:52:03

if you're trying to fix your relationship or improve your relationship with your wife you are allowed to use to lie to give some false information. But don't use the name of Allah

00:52:07--> 00:52:14

you got my message now? Just to be in the safe side don't use the name of Allah. She tells you then

00:52:15--> 00:52:17

then it's a different story you are in trouble.

00:52:19--> 00:52:20

Yes.

00:52:22--> 00:52:23

Now

00:52:29--> 00:52:37

if you break the vow, to Yanni you make a vow to to obey Allah to fast method for three days and he didn't fast

00:52:38--> 00:52:44

there is a cafeteria and the same Caffarelli they can follow me an offer. We're all

00:52:47--> 00:52:52

here for all vows, but we said there are different types of vows

00:52:55--> 00:52:56

same Cafaro

00:52:58--> 00:52:59

saying you follow the same steps

00:53:01--> 00:53:01

Yeah.

00:53:05--> 00:53:07

To exit

00:53:11--> 00:53:12

and then you smoke again

00:53:14--> 00:53:15

is the

00:53:19--> 00:53:19

end?

00:53:21--> 00:53:22

Could you say it again.

00:53:25--> 00:53:27

So you want to stop smoking within the breakdown.

00:53:31--> 00:53:31

In

00:53:32--> 00:54:21

order to continue to carry in your report. If you break if you break your oath one time and you pay the cafardo then you are not bound to observe this oath because it was a broken anyway. It was a broken you paid the kuffar then you are relieved from the first oath. But don't make another oath. If someone has a problem within smoking problem and he wants to stop smoking, instead of making vows or oaths, you just have to have a firm intention not to do it. Think about any method and you should think about the health no consequences or consequences upon your pocket level. Losing money or the bad smell or this is just an example the brother is mentioning an example. This is an example. But

00:54:22--> 00:54:25

sometimes yes people make oaths about other different things.

00:54:27--> 00:54:35

We are now about not watching watching some movies are not doing few things. If they break the oath here they have to pay the kuffaar

00:54:36--> 00:54:40

because it is yummy Munakata there is no doubt about us.

00:54:42--> 00:54:43

We don't take the whole

00:54:46--> 00:54:52

lie we do ask the next few years, sha Allah will go on to the next two years.

00:54:53--> 00:54:59

We do what? Hush hush Yeah, this is not Neverland. This is even if it is never there is no coffee.

00:55:00--> 00:55:23

afford it because this is an obligation. So, if you this is not another and this is not an oath, just a promise you're promising Allah subhanaw taala that inshallah you will do Hajj. And by the way, when you say in sha Allah, your oath if even if you break your oath, you will not be guilty of breaking the oath of perjury, they call it Persian in English,

00:55:24--> 00:56:06

the guilt of breaking your oath. If you say Insha Allah, you don't know if you'll be able to make hashey Within three years or not. Right? So this is just a promise of the odema. They said the promise a regular promise is not an oath and is not a vowel. So you see the difference now? Yeah, this is another question from sisters here. The second are freeing a slave. Instead of selling a human being can we free a bird or another animal? This is not something that Allah subhanaw taala mentioned in the Quran. So it shouldn't be an option. It shouldn't be an option because it's not something actually there is a heatmap behind freeing slaves because the Sharia Cherie are meant to

00:56:06--> 00:56:36

free slaves. And that's why Allah subhanaw taala made it as a kuffaar expiation for many saints so many people will earn their freedom through this because it was a system that was established at the time for Salah Salem and Islam meant to you know that people will earn their freedom through this this ways, different ways, but this is one of them. Yes, the last question because you're gonna make a comment now. Or at that last question. No, we cannot keep people waiting. He has

00:56:40--> 00:56:43

quite a voting people celebrate holidays

00:56:47--> 00:56:49

what kind of seller holiday

00:56:52--> 00:56:53

Bucha is not an active shooter

00:56:55--> 00:57:00

is not is not legislated in Sharia is not sunnah. But he's not an active shooter

00:57:01--> 00:57:10

comes the regular festival birthday birthday parties know the URL some of these yet we're not supposed to do them

00:57:11--> 00:57:25

because they're not part of the Sunnah of Rasulullah Silla masala did not celebrate birthday, but definitely they are not. They are not an act of shirk. Or celebrating the millet of Navy. It is better, but it's not an act of shirk.

00:57:26--> 00:57:56

Someone was going to Mila didn't maybe to eat some food and then talk about the Prophet Muhammad wa salam. This is not an act of shape, but this is better. What is better? Is an innovation, something that is innovated in the deen. So Allah says salam did not do it. The Sahaba did not do it, we should not do it. If someone knows about it, this is a bit and he does it on purpose. It can be a sin, it is a sin, but it's not an act of shirk. So we have to be careful about what is shirk. And what is not. Is that Kamala Harris