Lessons from the Seerah 66 The Battle of Khaybar Part 1
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Channel: Kamil Ahmad
Series: Kamil Ahmad - Lessons from the Seerah
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AI: Summary ©
The Prophet servicing the Muslims during the AD and during the Battle of Khaybar was designed to prevent the deaths of Muslims and prevent the enemy from emerging. The Prophet's actions were motivated by the belief that Jesus was the God of the West and showed a desire to fight until they become Muslims. The profit-sharing between the Prophet and the Muslims was recognized by the Prophet and the resulting profit was recognized as a source of income for the Prophet. The importance of preemptive attacks on enemy enemy and knowing the reality of the situation before preparing for war is emphasized. The speaker concludes by discussing the history of Islam and the upcoming battle of Khaybar.Transcript ©
Wali
We come back after
a long break,
break of Ramadan
And so we continue
after this break on
the life of Rasulullah
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
going through the and the different events that
took place in his life.
And so the last thing that we had
covered,
the last major event
in the surah
was
Sulh al Hudaybiyyah,
the Treaty
of Hudaybiyyah.
And we mentioned how this was a strategic
event
that played in the favor of the Muslims
in the long run.
Although at the time,
it seemed
to be a defeating blow to the Muslims.
And so the last thing that we spoke
about
was how Allah revealed an entire surah.
And that was
Surah Al Fatiha.
To console
and comfort
the Muslims,
and show them how
this treaty
that they signed with the mushrikun
was not a defeat,
but rather it was a victory.
And not just a victory, but a fat,
a conquest.
And so that was the last thing that
we spoke about.
And so now we move on to the
next
major event
in the seerah,
and that
is the battle
of Khaybar.
20 days
after Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam returns from
Al Khudayi,
he sets out for
khaybah.
And this was in the beginning of
7th year of the hijra.
And so
Al Hudaybiyah was
at the end of the 6th year
of the Hijra.
And so,
the battle of Khaybah
was in the beginning of
7th year.
As we know,
Hudaybiyyah was a truce.
A peace treaty between
the Muslims and Quraysh. Their
agreement was that they would stop fighting
for the next 10 years.
Now rather than the Muslims
taking
a break
from a difficult 5 years of continuous fighting,
you know, from the battle of Badr
all the way until
this
point. Rather than the Muslims taking a break
from fighting their enemy Quraish
and their allies,
they set off to take care of another
threat.
And that was
the Jews
of Khaybar
who were
continuously conspiring
against the Muslims.
And so Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
he saw that this was the perfect time
to put an end
to this threat.
Why? Because now he doesn't have to worry
about
Quraysh.
You know, their main enemy,
Quraysh. They don't have to worry about them
because they have a peace treaty with them.
Now why the Jews
of Khaybar?
The Jews of Khaybar were initially
not a hostile
people to the Muslims.
However, they became so after
some of the Jews of Medina were expelled
to there.
And we spoke about this.
Remember,
when we spoke about the expulsion
of
the tribe of Banu
Nazeer.
They were expelled from Medina,
and many of them left to settle in
Khaybar.
However, they took with them
their animosity
and their hatred
for the Muslims.
And they started to rally
the Jews of Khaybar against the Muslims.
We mentioned their role
in rallying
the Ahzab,
Quraysh, and the other Arab tribes
to lay siege to Madinah.
We also spoke about their role
in making
the last remaining Jewish tribe of Madinah,
Banu Qurayva,
to break their treaty
with Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and joined
the Akhizab.
And so Rasulullah
hilalahu alaihi wa sallam,
he decided to take care of these people
once and for
And so he left Madinah
at night,
northwards
towards Khaybar. And
he reached there before Fajr
and he camped outside the city
waiting to hear the adhan.
And so this is something that the Prophet
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would often do
whenever he would
go out on a campaign
for
jihad to attack a town or a city.
In Sahih al Bukhari,
Anas ibn Malik radiAllahu anhu says,
whenever the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam went
out with us to fight against any people,
he never allowed us to attack until morning.
And he would wait and see.
If he heard the adhan,
he would postpone the attack.
And if he did not hear the adhan,
he would attack them immediately.
And then he says,
we reached Khaybar at night.
And in the morning, when he did not
hear the adhan for salah,
he rode
and I rode behind Abu Talha, and my
foot was touching that of the Prophet sallallahu
alaihi wa sallam.
So Anas
and Abu Talha
and Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam were sharing the
same ride.
He says,
we approached
the city
and the inhabitants
of Khaybar came out
with their baskets
and their spades.
Meaning, they were coming out in the early
morning to work in their farms
with their equipment.
He says,
when they saw us,
they started to shout,
Muhammadunwala,
Muhammadunwala
Khamis.
They said, By Allah, it is Muhammad.
Muhammad
and his army.
And so when the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
saw them, he said,
Allahu Akbar.
Allahu Akbar Kharibat Khaybar.
He said,
Khaybar is ruined
Whenever we approach a hostile people to fight,
how evil will that warning be for those
who had been warned?
This reaction of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam,
you know, saying that Khaybar will be ruined.
It was like a good sign that he
took from where?
From seeing them coming out with their spades.
You
know, these tools that are used to destroy
things.
And so
that's why he said this, As for the
reaction
of the Jews,
what was their initial reaction? 1 of fear.
And
it shows you
their nature of being cowards.
And so they immediately ran.
They fled and retreated to their forts.
They ran into their forts
and they shut the doors.
And this is something that we spoke about
previously.
The coward
nature of the Jews
and how they're just filled with fear.
You know, as Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala mentions
in Surat Al Hashr,
There is more fear in their hearts
for you, the believers,
than Allah.
And you know, how do they fight?
Allah mentions it in the next ayah.
Even together,
they will not dare fight against you except
from behind
fortified
strongholds
or from behind walls.
And so the Jews of Khaybar,
they had built huge fortresses.
And
this particular group of the Jews
were known to be
the most skilled
in warfare
And this is their reaction. You know, imagine,
these are your best fighters,
and this is their reaction.
That they're scared.
And they used to say, the Jews of
Khaybah, they used to say, fighting us is
not like fighting
the rest of the Arabs.
And so they were proud
of their fighters and their fighting skills.
And they were content with their strong well
built fortresses.
And they thought that, you know, no one
can defeat them.
But nonetheless, when they saw the army of
Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wa sallam, they fled and
ran away.
The only explanation
for this
is that Allah placed a fear in their
hearts
for the enemies of Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam.
The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam says
I have been given victory by Allah
through fear that Allah places in the hearts
of the enemy from a distance of a
month.
A month's travel, if the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam is heading towards
a people to fight them,
Even before they reach by a month, these
people are already
in fear, in a state of fear.
And so after that, the Muslims,
they started to lay siege
to
the fortresses
of the Jews,
and
the resistance was strong.
But the fortresses,
nonetheless, they started to fall 1 by 1.
Khaibar was a city of fortresses,
and the Muslims had to,
you
know, bring down each one of these fortresses.
One particular fortress
took 10 days to conquer.
And so Abu Bakr radiAllahu alaihi,
he was the one who carried
the banner for the Muslims for this particular
fortress.
But he was not able to accomplish the
task.
So when all the Muslims became tired and
exhausted,
the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam wanted to
motivate them.
So he said,
Tomorrow,
I'm gonna hand this banner
to someone
who Allah will give us victory through him.
Someone who Allah loves,
and his Messenger loves,
and
he loves Allah and his Messenger.
And so now,
the next morning,
all of the companions, they went to the
Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam to show their
face.
You know, trying to
bring his attention to them. Everyone wanted this
honor.
All of them, they wanted to be the
one who would be given this banner.
Because the prophet
mentioned that this is someone special.
Someone who not only loves Allah and his
Messenger but Allah and his Messenger love him.
You know,
Umar radiAllahu had, he says,
I had never
desired leadership.
I wasn't that kind of person who
would raise his hand and say,
Give it to me. Make me the leader.
However, on that day I had wished for
it.
So it shows it shows us,
you know,
the desire of the the companions.
So who ended up getting the banner?
The Prophet
asked,
where is Ali ibn Abiibbalib?
They told him,
he is suffering an eye infection.
And so the Prophet
told them to bring him.
When he came,
his eyes were shut,
and the Prophet
he opened his eyes and he spit in
it. With his saliva he was cured immediately.
And he says, It is as if
I didn't have any
disease.
And this is one of the miracles, one
of the many miracles
of Rasool Allah Hissallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
Then Ali ibn Abi Abari Barabbi Allahu Ra'am,
he was given the banner,
and Rasulullah he sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said
to him,
go forth,
and do not turn around
until Allah
gives you victory.
So Ali radiAllahu anhu he proceeded a little
bit, but then he stopped and he asked,
O Messenger of Allah,
What should I fight them
for?
The Prophet
said, go on fighting until they affirm
that none deserves to be worshiped except Allah,
and that Muhammad is His Messenger.
If they
acknowledge it,
then their lives and their properties
will be
safe,
Subject
to their
obligations according to Islam.
And they will be answerable to Allah.
In another narration,
Ali radiAllahu anhu asked the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam,
should I fight them
until they become like us?
Notice here,
did not ask,
should I fight them until they become Muslims?
This shows
that they the Sahaba
were the living examples of Islam.
They and Islam were synonymous.
So it didn't matter whether he said,
Should I fight them until they become Muslims?
Or, Should I fight them
until they become like us?
Because
it means the same thing.
But the question is,
can we say the same thing today?
Should we fight them until they become like
us?
Not really.
You know, we Muslims cannot
say the same thing today because of how
distant Muslims are from Islam.
We have Islam
but
we don't practice it.
It's not seen in our in our lives.
But for them,
you know, they could easily say something like
this.
And so the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said,
yes.
So Ali Radhiallahu Alaihi wa Anam, he went
forth
and he managed
to bring this fortress down,
and Allah gave him victory.
As the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had promised
when he had said the previous night, I'm
gonna give this flag
to someone who
Allah will give us victory through him.
Not only that, but he also killed one
of their leaders. One of the leaders of
this particular fort,
and that was Marhab.
And he was one of the strong
warriors of the Jews.
He was one of their most skilled,
fighters.
In fact, he had
already killed some of the Muslims.
He had killed some of the Muslims, and
so
Hari radiAllahu anhu even managed to kill him.
And this
basically brought the spirits
and the morale of the Jews down.
Their most skilled fighter
has been killed.
And so this
was
the tipping point,
And this led to the defeat of the
Jews of Khaybar.
And it led to the fall of the
remaining fortresses.
After that,
all the fortresses,
they fell in the hands of the Muslims.
In the end,
93 of the Jews of Khaybir were killed,
and between
15 to 20 Muslims
had fallen shahid.
And now all of Khaybar is in the
hands of the Muslims.
Now this particular battle,
the battle of Khaybar,
was not only
strategic as we mentioned in the beginning,
in the sense of
putting an end to the danger
that the Jews had posed to the Muslims.
But also,
it was significant because
of the wealth that
it brought
into the hands of the Muslims.
Not only did the Muslims
acquire
the treasures
and the gold, and the silver hoarded
by the Jews
but they had also
acquired
all of this land,
this vast agricultural
land,
and these vast farms,
and day palm groves,
that Khayr was known for.
And so now, Rasulullah
SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam, now that he had
defeated the people of Khaybar,
the agreement
between him and them
was that all of their properties would be
confiscated,
and
that they have to leave Khaybar.
So
all the gold, the silver,
the land,
the houses,
and their women and their children,
it was all now
possession in the hands of the Muslims.
All of these had to be transferred over
to the Muslims.
However,
the Jews,
they pleaded
to Rasulullah SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam
to allow them
to remain there in khaibar,
to serve as workers,
farming and cultivating the land.
And they told him,
we know this land better than you.
And naturally,
the suhabar,
they didn't have time
to come and settle in khaibar
and take care of all of this agricultural
land themselves.
So
if the Jews had left,
this land would stop producing
because no one's taking care of it.
So
although the Prophet
initially,
he had planned to
expel the Jews from khaibar.
He ended up agreeing
to their request
to stay. However,
he made a condition
or he told them
that the Muslims can expel them whenever they
wanted.
And this is because
this land no longer belongs to them.
It has been conquered and it doesn't belong
to them anymore. It belongs to the Muslims.
And it was important for the prophet salallahu
alaihi wa sallam to place this condition
because
of his past experience with the Jews,
the Jews of Madinah.
His experience with them was not good.
They were treacherous.
They always used to break their agreements with
him.
They would stab the Muslims in the back.
And so he could not trust them anymore.
And now he needed something to ensure
that they would not
break their trust, that they would not
act treacherously.
And what was that?
This constant threat of being expelled from kaybar.
Right? So he placed this
as a trap to keep them on their
feet.
Now, the terms of the agreement
was that they would remain in Khaybar
and the harvest
would be split in half.
And
this was significant
that they wouldn't be paid in money
for their work
but rather,
they would be paid
by having a share of the crops.
Because this would ensure that they would work
hard
to grow as much
crops as they could.
And after the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
returned to Madinah,
he would send 'Abdulla ibn Rawaha radiAllahu alaihi
wa'am
every year at the time of harvest
to basically estimate
the total quantity of the harvest
and then give them their half.
But they complained
about this process,
and they even tried to bribe him.
And so Abdullah ibn Roaha radiAllahu anhu got
angry
and he said to them, O enemies of
Allah,
are you gonna try to feed me a
suhd
which is bribe?
He said, By Allah, I have come from
the Most Beloved of people to me,
and you are the most hated of people
to me.
My hatred for you and my love for
the Prophet
will not make me act
unjustly towards
you. So he was basically saying that,
what I'm doing
is fair and just.
Even though
I hate you guys,
I'm not gonna be unjust.
And so when he said that,
they said,
Yes.
You know, it is with this scale of
justice
that the heavens and the earth
have been established.
Now,
part of the agreement that the Prophet
made with the Jews of Khaybar
was that they should not hide anything
from him.
You know, when he was collecting
all of their possessions,
everything that they had, they had to hand
over
to the Muslims.
And they agreed.
And then Rasulullah Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam told them
that
he found out
that they were hiding something.
And
this was based on inside information.
The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam knew about
a treasure that had belonged to
Hayayib bin Akhtab.
Hayyayyib bin Akhtab. Hayyayyib bin Akhtab was one
of the leaders
of Banu Naveer
who was expelled from Medina,
and he went, or
he was expelled from Medina and he went
and settled in Khaybar.
But then during the battle of Al Khazab,
when he came
to Medina to
rally Banu Quraybah
against the Muslims,
he was killed
after the battle of Al Hazab.
The prophet shalallahu alaihi wa sallam
knew about a treasure that he had taken
from Madinah to Khaybah and he didn't see
it.
So he asked them, Where is the treasure
of
Khayyee ibn Akhtab?
His uncle said,
it was all spent on war
and expenses.
So the Prophet
said, No.
That can't be true.
It's a large amount of money, and
it came recently.
You know,
it's only been a year or 2.
So he insisted that there was nothing left,
and it had all been spent.
So then the prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam
handed him over to Az Zubayr,
and told him to interrogate him, torture him
until you get
information from him. So Az Zubayr radiAllahu anhu,
he did that until he was able to
extract information.
And so
the man, he said,
used to roam around this particular area. It
was an abandoned area.
And so the suhaba went there, and they
started to dig,
and they found the treasure.
They found the treasure.
As a result, the prophet shalallahu alaihi wa
sallam, he executed these people who lied to
him
because that was the agreement.
That basically, if they hide anything from him,
then he will punish them as he sees
fit.
And they had agreed to that.
They had agreed to that. And
so he was the uncle of Hulyay bin
Aktab
and also his son-in-law.
And so
how was
or how were the spoils of Khaybar
divided?
So now we have all this wealth.
How was it divided?
The war booty from Khaybar
consisted of the following.
Food,
when they entered into the fortresses, they found
different kinds of food, grease, oil, honey.
And the Prophet basically
gave permission to the companions to eat
whatever they found
during the duration of their stay in Khaybar.
So
what this means is they couldn't take anything
with them.
Eat whatever you want,
but you can't take anything with you.
Sort of like an all you can eat
buffet
where you have to eat but you can't
take anything out of the restaurant. Right?
So he didn't distribute the few the food
in the same way that he would distribute
Ghaneema.
You know, dividing into into
5,
parts and
then taking one for himself and dividing the
rest among the fighters.
The second was clothing,
furniture,
and livestock,
so camels, cows, and sheep.
The Prophet
took 1 5th
of these items,
and that is based on the ayah in
Suratul Anfar.
Until the end of the ayah. So 1
5th goes to Allah and His Messenger.
So the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam took
1 5th then he distributed the remaining
4 5ths among the fighters who participated in
the battle.
The 3rd were slaves.
So we mentioned that women and children, they
were taken as captives.
And they were distributed by the prophet shalallahu
alaihi wa sallam just like he would distribute
ghanima
among the fighters who participated in the battle.
And then you had land
and these date palm farms that we mentioned.
The Prophet sallallahu anhu wasallam divided the land
into 100
of shares,
and he kept half of them for himself
and the companions.
And the other half,
the proceeds
would be saved for future emergency situations.
So it would go
to Beitul Mal
and
an emergency fund.
Also, among the things that came in their
possession
was literature.
A number of copies of their tawrah
were found in Khaybar,
and they were taken.
The Jews asked them back, they asked for
them,
and the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam agreed
to their request,
and he ordered for them to be returned
to them.
He didn't do what the Romans did
when they entered Jerusalem.
And
they basically
treaded
on their scriptures with their feet and burnt
their copies of their tawra.
Nor what the Christians did
later on
during the Crusades
When they burnt copies
of the Torah that belonged to the Jews
of Al Andalus.
Now here we're only talking about
the Torah
and the scriptures of the Jews. We're not
even talking about
the Quran and our own scriptures.
And so look at how the prophet sallallahu
alaihi wa sallam,
he gave them that and he respected that.
So in the end,
the spoils
from Khaybar
became a huge source of revenue
for the Prophet
and
the Muslims.
You know prior to
this, Rasulullah Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam and the Sahaba,
they lived in poverty.
When they were in Mecca
and even when they migrated to Medina.
They were well off
but now
they had suddenly became rich.
And remember,
the aghanima
was the main source of income for the
Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
Before in his life, he
worked as a shepherd,
And then
he worked
in the business with his wife Khadid radiya
radiya warhanah.
But after he became a Prophet,
he devoted
himself
to spreading Islam.
He no longer worked.
How did he survive?
On whatever gifts would come to him.
And so
when he moved to Medina
and he fought the various battles,
the ganima would be
a very important source of income for the
Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam.
In fact, the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa
sallam
says,
I have been sent
with the sword, before
the day of judgement.
And my rizq,
Allah has made my rizq
to come from under the shade of my
spear.
And that's why many of the scholars,
they say that
if Allah made this
the
rizq of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, then
it must be the best
risk. So anyways,
the Muslims now had become well off.
After Khaybar,
Aisha
she says,
as narrated in Sahih al Bukhari,
when Khaybar was conquered, we said, 'Now we
will eat our fill of dates.'
And Abdullah ibn Umar radiAllahu anhu he says
also in Sahih Bukhari,
we never ate our full
until Khayr was conquered.
Remember prior to this, there would be times,
days and nights would go when they would
have nothing to eat.
We mentioned examples of this in the battle
of Al Ahzab.
But now
look at the testimonies of the sahaba. They're
they're they're
telling us how things changed
after
the Battle of Khayr.
And the Muhajurun,
they finally became rich
and they even went back to Madinah and
returned
the date palm trees that the Ansar had
given to them as gifts.
When the Muhajirun
had come to settle in Madira, the insar
gave them everything they had
including their
their gardens and their day palm trees.
When the muhajalun went back to Madira, now
with all of this wealth and and their
share of
of of land in khaibar,
They gave
back what the Ansar had given to them.
And all of these khanima
of khaibar was something
that Allah had foretold.
Allah had promised them
right after
al Khaybiyah.
And remember, kaybar is right after Hudaybiyyah.
What does Allah say in Surat Al Fathir?
Allah has promised you abundant
ganima,
abundant spoils that you will capture.
And He has
hastened for you this.
Ibn Qayyim and other scholars
say that this means
it refers to the of Khaybar.
That Allah
has brought it quickly for you
referring to
the spoils
gained from the battle of Khaybar.
And so this is what
ended up happening with all of this wealth
and this land
that the Muslims acquired
from Haibar.
Now we mentioned
that the Muslims had taken
their women and children as
captives.
Among these captives was somebody very, very important
and that was
the daughter of Khuyayi ibn Akhtab.
We just mentioned Khuyayi ibn Akhtab. He was
one of the leaders of Banu al Nadir
who was expelled from Madira.
He settled in Khaybar with his family.
So his daughter,
she
grew up
in Medina,
and then she was expelled with her family
to Haibar.
Her father gets killed
after the battle of Al Hazab, as we
mentioned.
And
she is now taken as a captive
among
the prisoners that were taken in Khaybar.
Now,
Huyay ibn Akhbab,
we mentioned him previously.
After the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam made Hijra
to
Al Medina,
in fact, the one who narrates the story
is
his daughter herself,
Sofia Radhiallahu
Anha. She says that
she
was the most favored
child
of her father and her uncle.
And whenever they would see her, they would
play with her and give her attention.
She says, when the Prophet shalallahu alaihi wa
sallam came to Quba,
when he migrated
after the hijrah,
my father
and my uncle
went to him early in the morning
and they didn't return until
sunset.
When they came back, they were so tired
they could barely walk
and I went over to them to greet
them.
She says, But I swear
neither of them looked at me.
You know, before they would come and hug
her, and they would play with her,
they didn't even look at her.
So she says, I heard my uncle
ask my father,
is that him?
What do you think?
Is that him?
Is he the prophet?
He responded, yes.
He says, are you sure? Do you recognize
him from his character, from his description
mentioned in our scriptures?
Remember,
the Jews of Medina, they were waiting for
this prophet.
For generations, they came and settled in Medina
because
in their scriptures, it was mentioned that
a prophet would come.
And this is how
the place looks like.
There are date palm trees,
etcetera.
And that's why they came and settled there.
So
when he heard
say, yes, it's him,
he said, then what are you gonna do
about it?
He said,
by Allah,
I will be his enemy as long as
I live.
And so this shows us the enmity that
the Jews had
for the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam and
the Muslims
right from the very start.
And he ended up living to his vow.
And he showed enmity to Rasulullah salallahu alayhi
wa
sallam all the way until
the
end. As we mentioned, he was a leader
of Banu An Nabeer who were expelled from
Madinah
because of the problems that they were causing
in Medina.
Then it was he
who went to Banu Quraydah, the last remaining
tribe in Medina
during
the Ahzab, when the Ahzab were laying siege
to the Muslims.
And he got them to also join.
He convinced them to betray the Prophet shalallahu
alaihi wa sallam and join the ihsab.
And we know what happened to them with
Banu Quraybah.
They were all
killed.
Right? The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam ordered
for all of them to be executed and
Huiyayi
was among them. He was executed.
So now
his daughter Sofia
ended up growing up in Khaybar.
And
she married one of her cousins
at the time that the Prophet came and
laid siege to Khaybar.
So when
Khaybar was captured
and the captives were distributed,
Sofia ended up in the captivity of the
companion,
Dhihya al Kalbir radiyaawaha.
However,
Rasulullah Sallallahu Wa Salam went to him
and purchased
her from him.
He asked him to,
you know, basically
allow me to buy her.
And so he bought her, freed her, and
he salallahu alayhi wa sallam married her.
So this means
that Sofia
radiAllahu anha
is one of the Mahatul Mumineen.
She is counted as one of the
wives of Rasulullah
Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam and she is not counted as
a slave of his.
She is not counted
as a slave of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam.
Anas ibn Malikrobiallahu
anam.
He narrates the story of the marriage.
And this is in Sukhail Bukhari.
He says, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam came
to Khaybar.
And when Allah gave him victory,
and he conquered the town
by breaking the enemy's defense,
the beauty
of Sofia bint Khuyayi ibn Akhtab was mentioned
to him,
and her husband had been killed while she
was a bride.
Allah's Messenger selected her for himself,
and He set out in her company until
He reached Sad Ar Ruha
meaning they were now coming back to Madinah
and they reached a certain place.
He says, when her period was over, he
married her.
Then which
is a kind of food
was prepared.
It's a
food made of dates and wheat,
and it was served on a small leather
sheet.
The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam then said
to me, to Anas,
inform those who are around you about this
Walima.
And so he says that was the walima
given by the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam for
Sofia. After that, we proceeded to Madira,
and I saw
as we were
proceeding to Madinah, I saw
that the Prophet
was covering her with a cloak
while she was
sitting behind him.
Then he would sit,
he would sit on the ground
beside the camel
and let Sofia put her feet on his
knees on his knees to ride on the
camel.
This is from the humbleness of the Prophet
salallahu alayhi wa sallam.
That he showed even
though he is who he is,
but he had
her to put her foot on his knee
so she could get on to
the Kaaba.
Now
Rasulullah SAW Allahu Alaihi Wasallam saw
some blue marks
on the face of Safiyyah radiAllahu anha.
So he asked her
about it and she said,
one day, I was sleeping with my head
in the lap of my husband,
and I saw a dream.
I saw the moon falling in my lap.
When I woke up, I told my husband
about the dream.
My husband slapped me on the face
and said, You desire
the King of the Arabs. And so he
interpreted
this dream to mean
that she was
desiring
to marry
the Prophet
It wasn't a desire
but rather it was something from Allah.
Allah was showing her
something and that is
that she is going to soon marry
the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam. And that
is exactly
what ended up
happening.
But what is interesting here
is that
Sofia
you know, imagine
her father,
her uncle,
and her husband were all killed by the
Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam.
And she saw the complete annihilation of her
people
and their expulsion.
All of these
events
occurred right before her eyes
in her lifetime
and when she was young.
She must have had some hard feelings.
But what does she say?
She says,
Rasulullah
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
was of the most hated of people to
me.
He killed my husband and my father,
but when he married me, he kept on
apologizing to me, telling me that it was
your father who was the one who mobilized
the Arabs against me. And he's the one
who did such and such. And he's the
one who did such and such
until all of the pain in my heart
went away.
So this is how Rasulullah He Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam
he comforted her. You know, he knew who
he was marrying.
And he knew the pain that she must
have suffered from.
But he made her to understand
the reality
of the situation.
And so this
was the marriage
of Sofia radiAllahu anha
to the Prophet sallallahu
alaihi wasa.
Next week, we'll continue on with
some other
events related to the Battle of Khaybar.
And so now we'll just go through some
of the
lessons that we learned from the battle.
The first lesson that we learn
is
the ruling concerning
preemptively
attacking the enemy.
A preemptive
attack.
What is a preemptive attack?
When you attack the enemy
without them attacking you.
But
you do it
because of the danger that they
they pose.
And so we see
in the battle of Khayr how Rasulullah Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam,
he attacked the enemy without them having attacked
him,
or without him having any intelligence that they
were planning to carry out an attack.
And this is what makes
the battle of Khaybar different than all the
previous battles
that the Prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam had
fought
thus far.
Most of them were defensive.
You know, the Battle of Badr, the Battle
of Uhud,
the Battle of Al Ahzab,
and the various campaigns, the expeditions that the
prophet would send out.
He would get news
that there are tribes mobilizing their forces to
come and attack. And so he would
go and attack them.
But this is the first time the Prophet
salallahu alayhi wa sallam
attacked the enemy preemptively.
Why? Because of the danger
that they posed.
And this
is important to note
because many Muslims think that
jihad in Islam is only defensive jihad.
Where if the enemy comes and attacks you,
only then we're supposed to defend ourselves. And
they
equate jihad to only defense.
As we can see
from this battle, that is not the case.
And as we will see
in the future battles,
until
the death of the prophet shalallahu alaihi wa
sallam, and even after his death, how the
sahaba radiAllahu anhu,
how they went out and fought
all the battles that they fought, they were
not
they were not all defending jihad.
The second lesson that we learned
is the objective
of jihad in Islam.
In the story of Ali radiAllahu an,
the Prophet Sallallahu Hanaihi Wasallam said to him,
Go forth
until you reach them,
and then
invite them to Islam,
and inform them of their duties to Allah.
And then he
said,
if
one man is guided,
The Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said, By
Allah,
if one man is guided to Islam through
you, it is better than the red camels.
And the red camels in those days were
extremely expensive,
and extremely expensive commodity.
Meaning
that
having people to accept Islam is far better
than
acquiring the best wealth of the duniya through
Hanima.
And so this proves something very important.
And that is that the primary
objective of jihad in Islam is
not for the sake of the dunya,
not for the sake of,
you know,
acquiring
land,
and wealth,
and having power, etcetera,
but rather
for dawah.
And having people accept Islam,
and saving them from the hellfire.
This is what makes every other kind of
war different
than
war in Islam.
All other wars
that people and civilizations have fought from the
beginning of
human history,
They are all for the sake of the
dunya,
for spoils of war, for power,
for revenge, for other reasons.
But here we see the noble goal
of fighting
for the sake of
saving people,
Saving them from the hellfire,
liberating them
from the punishment of Allah.
And that is why the prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam says,
I am amazed to see people who will
be dragged
into Jannah
in chains.
Meaning that some people are forced into Jannah
against their will.
And this is because
they were not willing to accept Islam. The
Muslims fought them,
And now these people became Muslims.
And this is why the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam told the Ali radiAllahu an in
this story
to first call them to Islam.
He didn't say just go and attack and
fight them until you kill them all. No.
He said, Go first call them to Islam,
and that if one person is guided to
Islam through you, it is far better than
the best of wealth and whatever we may
gain
of here
in Khayb today.
And So this is completely different than what
the enemies of Islam tried to portray
jihad
to be
Where they portray it to be just bloodshed
and
just causing chaos, etcetera.
The third lesson that we learn,
how to divide land
that Muslims conquer
by force?
How should this land be
divided?
And so
the scholars, they mentioned that it is left
to the the discretion of the leader
of the Muslims.
He decides what he wants to do with
it.
It is not like the other spoils of
war that need to be divided into 5,
the ganima,
and it must be given to the fighters
of or 4 parts must be given to
the fighters. No.
When it comes to land,
the leader he can divide it as he
wants.
If he wants,
he can take all of it and divide
it and give it to the people.
Or if he
wants, he can make all of it to
be
a wakf or
a property of the state.
Or if you want, you could divide parts
of it and keep
parts of it as waqf and property of
the state.
And we see this from
the life of the Prophet
He did all 3.
And so
what did he do with the land
of Banu Quraybah and Banu al Nabeer?
He divided all of it among the companions.
When he conquered Mecca as we're gonna see,
what did he do? He didn't divide any
of it.
He said, this is
a waqf. This belongs to Allah. We're not
dividing any of this. Even though Mecca was
a fat, it was a conquest.
And we see in the battle of Khayr,
how he salallahu alaihi wa sallam
divided half of it.
Took apart for himself, divided
the rest among the companions, and then a
half of it,
he said, is going to be
left
for
future emergency funds.
The 4th lesson that we learn
is the reward for sacrificing
for the sake of Allah subhanahu
wa ta'ala.
Whatever we sacrifice
for the sake of Allah,
not only do we earn the pleasure of
Allah,
but Allah will also reward us greatly for
that in the akhirah.
And that's why we sacrifice for the sake
of Allah.
Whatever we do for Allah, we do it
because we expect reward from Allah.
However, sometimes
Allah will reward us in this dunya.
As the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam says,
Whoever
gives up something for the sake of Allah,
Allah will surely replace it with something far
better.
And we see this in the sacrifice of
the Muhajjul.
They migrated to Madinah for the sake of
Allah.
They left behind
their wealth,
their homes,
their properties,
trusting fully in Allah
that He would compensate them for their sacrifice.
And that compensation
came
on the day of khaybar.
After years of sacrifice and struggle,
you know, settling in a new place
is not easy.
And we mentioned the struggles
of the Muhajirun when they came to Madinah
to settle.
They were missing Mecca.
They were homesick.
And many of them actually got sick.
And they didn't have anything.
And they had to share with the insar.
But after years of sacrifice and struggle,
it paid off. And look at how Allah
gave them all of this wealth now.
Far better than what they had left behind
in
in Makkah.
And so the lesson that we learned from
this is that whatever you sacrifice and you
give up for the sake of Allah, remember
that if you're truly doing it for the
sake of Allah,
then rest assured
Allah will compensate you.
He will give you something
far better than what you have given up
for His sake.
Finally, among the lessons that we learn
is the wisdom
behind
the marriage of the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam
to Safiyyah radiAllahu
Anha.
We already previously mentioned,
we discussed
the reasons
for the multiple marriages of the Prophet salallahu
alayhi wa sallam.
Refuting the claim
of the enemies of Islam,
that the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam married
women
to satisfy his own personal desires.
We already discussed this in detail.
But we can see the same thing applies
to the marriage of the,
of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam to Sofia
radiAllahu
anha.
And that is because
adult might come in the in the minds
of some that why did the prophet sallallahu
alaihi wa sallam take her from
the companion,
And so
the scholars, they mentioned the reason.
It is mentioned in another narration.
When it was found out that she was
in the possession of Dihyah radiAllahu an,
The companions, they got together and they came
to the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam,
and they told him, You Rasulullah,
she is
a noble woman.
She is the daughter of their leader,
and no one deserves her except you.
And so
she shouldn't just end
up with any other man,
but rather
she is not suitable except for you.
And so in this way, the Prophet Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam honored
Sofia radhiallahu anha
by taking
her for himself.
It wasn't that he was doing it for
his own personal desires.
Because if he wanted, he could have done
that in the beginning.
And also, it wouldn't have been fair.
The companions, they would have gotten jealous, etcetera.
And so the prophet shalallahu alaihi wa sallam
to put an end to any
any of that, he took her
for himself. We can also add to this
that he may have married her
as he would marry
women of different crimes. And we mentioned this
as also
one of the reasons why the Prophet salallahu
alaihi wa sallam would marry
so many women,
that he would marry women belonging to different
tribes
in order to bring those tribes closer to
Islam.
And so perhaps he had hoped that this
marriage
would lessen the enmity
and the hostility
of the Jews towards him and the Muslims.
And so based on all of this we
can see
that
the marriage of the prophet
to Sophia
was not
as
it may seem or how
the enemies of Islam
may portray it.
And so
next week we'll move on
to wrap up our discussion of the battle
Until then,
Until then,