Suhaib Webb – Maliki Fiqh For Newbies AlAkhdari Part 6 Tayammum
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AI: Transcript ©
There you go. Thank you so much.
We praise Allah
We send peace and blessings upon our beloved
messenger, Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wa sallam,
upon his family, his companions, and those who
followed him until the end of time. Sheikh
Abdrazak and everyone else here,
warmest.
Assalamu
alaykum.
And we have Eunice here with a new
baby.
Masha'Allah, Yunus what's the baby's name?
Panji.
Allahu
Akkur, Muhammad Panji, right?
It's gotta be, it's gotta be, Masha'Allah. That's
amazing, Alhamdulillah.
The prophet salallahu alayhi wasalam said,
Like whoever Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala wants good
for or has willed good for,
then he gives him or her insights into
the religion.
Hamdulillah, we've been gathering now for 5 weeks
going through some of the very basic ideas
and opinions of the Maliki
school,
without hopefully being like overly fanatical or
pressing on certain issues. Alhamdulillah.
And we reached now the chapter on Atayamum.
And again, if I can
super super warmly ask everyone just to keep
those those those,
mics on mute, that's great. Then I have
to step away at 7:40
ish and then I'll be back again at
8 o'clock. I have a speech for 15
minutes, kinda crazy.
Imam Al
Akhdarri,
he
says
He says,
The word
actually comes from a word which means to
intend something.
Allahu Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala says in the second
chapter of the Quran
verse number
267,
which means that you don't intend evil. Like
you don't you don't set out to your
objective and doing something is not evil.
So the sheikh he
says
This is the opinion,
the stronger opinion in the school,
that someone that's setting out to do evil
is not eligible for dispensation.
What what we called
with
Like
If you have a just remember
but add a
ruku sa roxa,
Masha'Allah.
But we're gonna talk about actually in the
Madhab there's some discussions about this
And we're going to mention the statement of
Abdus Salam, one of the great jurist in
the school
who kind of unpacks it in a way
that and Al Hapab
who
excellent explanation of Khalil.
Then he says well
This is called which
means and also
the person who's sick can make
for the obligatory
prayers
or the voluntary prayers.
What does he mean by
and the person who is a resident and
healthy,
can also observe
If he or she fears that
they're not gonna have enough time to either
find water
or not have enough time to actually make
wudu or wusu.
So there's like 2 components there.
So the first is, like, I don't know
if I have time to find water. You
can think about that a long time ago,
people,
you know, getting water wasn't necessarily
a luxury.
Or I have water.
Nowadays, somebody, maybe they wakes up they wake
up, and they don't have enough time to
make
before the time of prayers
goes out.
We have an axiom. I think I talked
about it last time, and forgive me, I
teach quite a few classes so if I
get confused and I teach the same thing
again,
be patient with me.
And this axiom says
which means that the goal
takes precedent over the means in certain situations,
so here the goal is to pray in
the right time.
Allah says that prayers have been prescribed for
you in Surat Nisa for the believers
at specific times,
and the Hadith of Amr
Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam
when he asked him,
What's the best thing I can do?
He said, Assalatu'ala
waqatiha.
I can give you an example of this
that happened years ago, which is sort of,
sort of,
triggering maybe for some people, so just
keep it in mind, that there was a
person who embraced al Islam,
and
their parents were Islamophobes,
and their living arrangement was very tight. They
had 1 bathroom in the entire, like, home,
if you will.
So that person would have to wait for
the parents to leave to make wudu.
This person was underage,
masha'Allah, there's a lot of young people, alhamdulillah,
who embrace al Islam,
and oftentimes they don't have
the social and financial mobility,
say, someone that's older does, so they're they're
very much under pressure.
So that person would sometimes wait,
especially for the duhr prayer,
for her parents to be gone
so she can make wudu.
So I told her this opinion, right, that
if it comes to a situation like this
you can make tayamom
and pray, why?
That the objectives come before the means in
situations like this.
For alhamdulillah,
this was also an important answer for her
because, you know, to miss prayers as a
new Muslim, you start to feel like you're
not on the bench anymore, man,
right? You're not on the team.
So he says,
and if you notice something here, Sheikh Hamdrazak
also,
he's using
He doesn't use Almaldi. Why?
To show like all the time.
He's using the imperfect tense of the verb,
Lauren, which means a person.
So it's not restricted,
right? So he's trying to show, like, if
the conditions are met,
a person can make teiemom in any situation.
This is kind of like the precision of
his language,
kind of the delicate
usage of the language.
In rhetoric,
in balaha,
we say that the imperfect verb
implies
consistency.
So when Allah says
about the believers,
doesn't mean they just pray once,
means that they're consistent in their prayers.
That's why I think Youssef Ali, Allah bless
him, he actually translated this really well, those
who are consistent in their prayers.
So here also, wayatayemmamu,
like when the need arises,
there is an opportunity.
Let me define a few things quickly to
make sure that we're okay. A Tayamom falls
under what's called rosa.
Rugsa means a dispensation and a dispensation, the
opposite word for it is azima with
Azim means the things that like you do
in normal situations, like you pray
for a ka'adhor, for a ka'asr, but if
you travel,
the ruksa is you can join them and
you can pray too.
Normally, we fast in the month of Ramadan
if we are mokeem sahiyah,
if we're residents and we're home and we're
healthy and so on and so forth,
but if somebody is sick or someone
is,
traveling,
they are allowed
to make up those days.
So that dispensation
is called ruksa.
And the idea of ruksa falls under the
general idea
that Islam
brings benefit and prevents harm
and facilitates
a relationship
with worship for people.
Allahu Akbar.
As Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala says in the
Quran, you read Allahu bi kumu usra,
Allah intends ease for you not difficult for
you, difficulty for you. There's different qira'ah,
The same meaning, Abi Amr Abbasri.
But SubhanAllah we see the balance,
especially in the face of new age spirituality,
where it's really, really
masking a glaze of hyper individualism.
That there are the regular times we have
to be in full submission to Allah.
To be, as my father-in-law likes to translate,
to be committed Muslims.
Islam demands a commitment.
And within that commitment,
Allah
knows
He knows better than we know
that there are times where we may need
dispensation.
So here we find the rahma of Allah
that even though Allah is
transcendent, imperfect
He still
allows us to draw nearer to him even
with some like dispensation.
And the prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, he said
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala loves that you take
the rugsa
just like he loves that you take the
aza in.
Like Allah loves when when you're eligible for
that dispensation that you take in,
just like he loves that a person, when
they're not eligible for it, they observe
the acts as they've been commanded.
Then he says, Rahim UHala and Sheikh Muhammad
Al Hassan,
great Mauritanian scholar, he said to us
when we were studying with him,
that the entire Sharia
sits between
Azaim
and Ruqas.
Prescribed acts as they've been prescribed
and the dispensations
that come with those acts.
As a mercy of Allah.
There's a long discussion in Osu Al Al
Filq,
we don't, we can't talk about it now.
Is it allowed to make with rugsa?
It's a very interesting discussion, but it's not
the time now to talk about.
Then he says,
So the Sheikh he says, Sheikh Imam
He
says and it is not allowed for a
healthy resident
to make
for or
the
prayer
or or
unless that person has to lead the Jenessa
prayer.
And
to be honest with you,
in the
There's like a big difference of opinion about
this
that we're going to talk about in a
second.
Then he
says,
What are
the pillars
of Tayamun, what are the things you have
to do?
And one of my teachers, he said,
or those things which we call
or inside the act.
Different than shurut and asbab. Shurut are those
things the conditions that happen outside
and asbab causes also happen outside. For example,
a foundational act of wudu is the intention.
Condition of wudu is that you have water
but water is outside of the act of
wudu.
The cause of wudu is ifamjunub
that's also outside of the act. So you
see like the layers now.
Why, why, why, why is
this sorry, Sheikh Abdulazakh, why is it done
this way?
To
intensify a person's ihsan.
So not only am I worried about mahiat
alamal,
what happens in the action,
but then I also see tawhid in the
causes and conditions of the act. So I've
dialed it if you will
my potential for Ihsan.
SubhanAllah.
Yes, Sheikh, sorry, I just saw your hand
up.
It's a good question. It's a great question.
So, Sheikh Abdulazakh is asking on the Zoom,
he's saying, you know, I understand that,
you know, the healthy resident
in the Med Heb, in this opinion that
we've read in the Med Heb,
that's important because we're gonna unpack it in
a minute,
is not allowed to make tayon mum for
Jumuah.
But sheikh is saying, but what if you
sit in the masjid?
People pray Jumuah.
Do you not pray? Do you pray zuhr?
We're gonna talk about the answer in a
second. But the reasoning, and you answered the
question, right, is they say that
Jumaa replaces Dhor.
Right? So the roksa is for the the
asl not for the replacement. This is like
legal philosophy, man.
But
we're gonna talk about this in a second,
we're gonna unpack each one of the things
that we're reading right now, Insha'Allah, Insha'Allah. But
this is a great question.
I would pray with the group, I'm just
gonna say that now, I pray Jummah and
we'll see why in a second. Right? With
with all respect and love and admiration,
for this opinion. Right? I can differ with
an opinion without
not respecting people and and and loving them
and appreciating them. This is something that we
kinda lost.
What what sheikh,
I'm I'm recording now a series for YouTube
on a book called
Sheikh Husunain al Mahlof.
And he has this what he talks about
the forgotten science of Ilm Khalaf.
You know, like, how do we differ?
Let's call it a double bathul Munadala, but
we're gonna get to it, it's a great
question.
So what I was saying is the are
those things that happen inside the action, right?
So, like, the intention happens in the act.
Right?
But the other things like
and,
causes
and
conditions happen outside.
You see. So, for example, like the time
of prayer is outside of the act itself.
The absence of water is outside of the
act itself.
Having
sa'id,
right,
some substance that is coming from the face
of the earth or from inside the earth,
that is outside of the act itself.
And the reason I was saying this is
from the point of tasawaf
is this expands
our ability to see ihsan not just in
the act but beyond it, subhanAllah,
to dilate, if you will, our awareness
of Allah
He says
so the first is intention
pure
dirt,
right? Because
and anything else is gonna fall under that
general designation. So that means something that is
like you're not allowed to use it even
if it's coming from the earth, right? That's
why he says
and the word is called
it's like restricting
the meaning.
To wipe the face,
we already defined what is the face in
the
and then to wipe your hands to your
wrists.
To hit the earth once
There's a difference of opinion about this but
this is the stronger opinion insha Allah is
that the time for the prayer is in.
And that it is, you know, followed by
the prayer, right? So if I'm making Tayamun
for salah, that salah should be like immediately
following
that. Right?
And and he he now expands the idea
of what is
Allah says
if you don't find water,
and we know there's a difference of opinion
about how far the water has to be,
or
do you need the water in order to
survive,
or
any other scenario.
What I heard from one of my teachers,
Wallahi, it's very simple. He said whatever is
difficult for a person
to
to reach.
Right? So it it places a difficulty and
of course people are this is subjective, that's
fine,
right? But what creates a difficulty on the
person?
Although the madhab has a strong opinion about
what that means.
So he
says
He says that saeed, the thing that you
can use for tayamun, it's coming from the
earth, is dust,
Khalaf's tube is like adobe,
walhajar,
stones,
walselju,
ice or snow, walhadkadu,
And of course snow you can use for
so ice.
Is like mud
and any other substance
that falls under this designation.
Walayajuzu
biljussi
al madbuuh is not allowed with plaster like
cooked plaster
cement or
a
rug unless the unless the wood, the hashab
is
covering the earth for example.
And it's allowed for a sick person
to use walls made of stone
or adobe
if he cannot find anyone else
to help him.
I remember one of the macheikh,
he actually had someone bring him a rock,
in the hospital.
People would laugh at that but we don't
laugh at people that sit in front of
Best Buy for 3 and a half days
so they can get the latest video game,
Right? We don't laugh at people that,
you know, do some very outlandish things. They
take their girlfriend on top of the highest
tower or boyfriend on the highest tower in
Dubai and kiss so they can put a
picture on Instagram, but we laugh at somebody
that wants to make sure they're obeying Allah
You know the founder of TikTok?
His quote
is that education is against human nature.
So you think about it, man,
right? And we really live in a time
where there is nashrul jahl,
Like, ignorance is is is really
permeated, so people will laugh at someone like
that.
And the sunan of Tayamom the Sheikh he
says
And so like after you've done your face
then you then you hit the earth a
second time
to do your hands.
And then not only to rub to the
wrist, but to rub a little bit above
the elbows.
To say Bismillah, why the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam said
Like any really serious undertaking meaning
that doesn't begin with the is amputated.
To start with your right side instead of
your left,
Like, he used to love to always start
with his right side. If somebody's left handed
or if somebody has a challenge to utilize
their right hand, then of course there's ruksa,
there's dispensation.
And to start with the top
and then the bottom.
And the front of your hand instead of,
like, the elbow. Start here instead of here.
If somebody doesn't do it, you say, man,
your tayamu's busted, bro.
Chill, man. Take a take take a take
a break, man. Relax.
And what are the things that violate?
There's a very nice axiom that says,
right? That the things that violate are the
same things that violate or
right?
Except if somebody finds water.
Then he mentions what, you know, what a
person
is, like, limited in their actions to do
with Tayamom, and honestly, there is, like, some
contention within the Madhab about what he's gonna
say right now that hopefully we have some
time to unpack today.
That someone should not pray 2 fard with
the Tayamom,
1 Tayamom so like I make Tayamom to
pray Asar
then I, you know, sit at the campsite
and, you know,
eat some alligators and it says halal on
the medhat, and then I stand up for
Maghrib with the same
It's not not acceptable according to this opinion.
We're going to unpack it.
And if somebody makes
for afar, they can pray voluntary prayers after.
It's also permissible for that person to touch
the so I made an intention to pray.
I can do what these other nafil acts
is what he's getting in here.
To to circum note to to circle the
Kaaba.
Recite the Quran for Barakah. There's a difference.
Maybe somebody says, why does he mention and
because in the it's
commendable to be in even when you recite
the Quran.
And if someone makes the intention
for, like, let's say,
I make
and I'm wanna make
to recite the Quran.
I could pray nafal prayer with that, I
could do other nafal acts, but I couldn't
pray the farb with it because mania
was for voluntary acts.
So if I madesorry,
if I made the intention
for a voluntary act with my dry ablution,
and then
after that I wanted to pray, say, I
would need to make again
because of the hadith.
That
the
prophet everybody gets what they intended.
And if somebody prays
they should immediately
pray
you know
like
praying at night, my is to pray 1.
Why? Maybe someone asked why? Why is there
a difference? Didn't he say earlier you could
do
like at any time
after you pray the absolutely, but why with
these there's different meanings, different discussions as to
why. Number 1 is the importance
of these two acts.
We
know that
Hanafiah consider
them
So the Madikis, they see, like,
the evidences for this are very strong, like,
this is something very important to do.
So, like, get to it. Don't don't don't
wait.
Some ulama, one of my teachers said, Because
maybe, you know, you're gonna fall asleep.
You're gonna miss it. So
hurry hurry bad here.
And if somebody is in a state of
sexual defilement,
then that person has to make sure that
the intention is to remove the sexual defilement,
the.
So if I needed wudu, then my intention
for tayammon is to
make myself not to remove the impurity, excuse
me,
but to make the prayer permissible from me,
because I'm not removing the impurity, actually.
Sorry.
Or
the same thing with sexual defamment. I'm making
the intention,
that I'm making the act permissible. Because as
soon as I find water, do I have
to remove that impurity?
I have to remove that impurity.
If I make if I'm sexually state of
sexual defilement
and I have to make,
I make when I pray, and then
the next day I find water,
can I say, oh, no, that
covered my I don't need to make or
do I have to make? I have to
make because
doesn't actually
This is very important.
From the point of legal philosophy, It permits
the act. It doesn't remove the impurity.
It's actually kind of philosophically very cool.
So, Lauren, I'm gonna jump off quickly,
run and do this, university gig super quick,
then I will be right back and we'll
continue,
and try to finish,
and get to menstruation today,
insha'Allah.
So I will return shortly.