Shadee Elmasry – Arabic Lesson 2 subjects & objects + raf’ & nasb
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Okay, good. All right
hamdulillah salatu salam ala Rasulillah de wasabi Emanuela Let
me see your book the questions there was Sam Did you are you able
to say for this one
okay good all right. So yesterday we looked at men who will kill
them the first definition in this
text illogical me my whole column. All right and if Kadem has four
parts of Colombo a lawful maraca and morphine will water all right?
All right, so was a man that niccone Lavon what does it mean to
say
that Coachella must be a love? What does that mean?
Good a love is that which is spoken? Right? Alright. Hamza,
Maura, Kevin?
What up Kevin?
Good complete. What up cup? or multiple words, as opposed to
simply saying one thing.
And then Moldovan mo Benoit, that means that it's uttered in the
Arabic language. Okay. Now that we said Arabic is divided into three,
every every word is either is fair or half. Alright, the Islam is
known by cuft Kasara, okay, or 10 wean
or decoded LFU Hola. Okay.
Or the whole hydrophilic half? Of course the elephant them being the
article that makes something specific as opposed to general and
autofill have meant for Ella who were favorable but will curve well
Lam and then rueful Kasam well well what about men being from
Ella meaning to and the meaning
by buy or about okay, I love being above all right or regarding
fi being in Aruba meaning perchance
okay al back meaning with okay or by morale to be Zaidan
or LKF meaning like
and then lamb meaning to and then how to focus on the oath letters
and then we said unfairly autophagic That was seen with sofa
which I need to second
All right, so the fear is known by God coming before it and we said
God is a lead a word of how to have emphasis that if a past tense
verb comes in front of it,
it means it's certain that it happens all right God the
gods after the helmet we know for sure the believers have succeeded
or if it's followed by a present tense fad Medora
cut deal
right or cut Yeti Roger. Maybe the Man will come it means maybe right
the purpose of it at the effect is to put something into a state of
not not certainty, basically uncertainty.
And then we have seen sofa and Ted technique the second scene and
sofa Okay,
here we go.
scene and sofa. Take the fan Medora and render it into a fear
that is still Madonna, but it means the future tense. So English
has past.
Present and Future okay. That's English as past present future
Arabic has past command and
present slash future. Right and command
transition
Microcenter Can you kindly shut the water off on the outside
the water
all right.
So now we're on chapter two. Lesson Two. Okay.
We finished our column.
And now we're on lesson two.
So the function of this text is to teach you something called Arab.
All right.
And that's what the function of natural is. Remember we said
Arabic is divided into three sides.
As a novel was sort of, well Bulaga now is focused on sentence
structure. Sentence structure, the way it works is by altering the
ending of words to indicate the part of speech. Okay? The
alteration of the ending of the words. So when we're talking about
our main focus here is the last letter of the word.
Leaving aside suffixes, alright, so you could have a sub, you could
have a dummy and with tussle pronoun, added to a word, we're
not focusing on that we're focusing on the last letter of
every word. Okay, so here, he says, Prabhu Hua, to view a work
in Academy, lift enough in our Millie Filati Aneja love done out
of the euro.
Yeah, Rob, which you could translate it as inflection is the
change of the last syllable of words, based on the various agents
of inflection that govern them, either explicitly or implicitly,
because some Arab cannot be placed because of difficulty on the
tongue, or that two letters were too similar. So we can't place for
example, a customer on certain letters, right? So that's why it
says implicit. Alright, so again, this very definition is very
important. The whole purpose of studying now or grammar is that
when you're reading the Quran, you understand why there's O E, or and
anyone who's recent reading Quran or memorize the Quran, it's
critical to understand why something has Adama or custard or
photo. And then when you're reading a text, you also don't
want to be ignorant. Okay, and not know what's happening.
So he again, he says, Rob, who tells you evocative Kelim,
changing the ending of words, licked 11 Hour Minute definitely,
because of the different agents that are entering in upon this
word. Okay, love one out of the euro. Either it's explicit or it's
implicit. All right. So what are possible agents that enter in upon
a word, the idea of a word being the subject of the sentence, right
being the one that's actually doing the action. This is one
agents, this is a type of thing, that situation on that word, it's
going to render it to be what we call metaphor, right? metaphor,
right? metaphor is the type of law that comes upon the subject of a
sentence, the the part of sentence that's doing the action, all
right, and depending on the nature of the word plural, feminine,
dual, singular, masculine, depending on the nature of the
word, the concept of refer takes a different application, either
dama, or well, noon, or Elif noon, and will he's gonna flush all that
out, honestly, the next chapter, chapter three, which will probably
open up today, if you get chapter three, that's the whole book.
Everything else is easy after that, actually, all of lava is the
up they say it's opposite of FIP. Fick starts off easy, like the hot
on salah. Right? Then it gets hard. Once you go to where you
are. And you go to the different types of Zika and you go to the
mute off inheritance, it gets hard. Arabic is the opposite. It
starts off very hard with this simple concept. But once you get
it, you're off and running. It's very easy after that.
Now he says, Welcome, Sam, who are Abba. Now, you can't really in the
English language, does not. The English language, of course, you
know, is a combination of Germanic. It's a Germanic origins
and Latin. That's why the spelling is always different. So food and
good. They're spelled the same, but they're totally different.
Right food and good things like this.
The spelling in English, like you have skate, but you have schedule,
total different spellings.
Because English is a combination of like a Germanic origin and
Latin. So it's not a classical language. It's mixed.
Sanskrit, Arabic. Okay. Other languages are classical language,
meaning they're pure. They're not a combination of other languages.
Okay. Well to do as a complete mutt of like, Persian, Turkish,
Arabic, probably
Sanskrit Farsi. So,
English does not have this concept of cases, right? cases you have an
English what you have the word and you have the part of speech, and
it's almost like you just plug it in, right? So you just plug it in
where
After you plug in the word cat, it's going to be cat whether its
object, subject, right part of a prepositional phrase, whatever.
But other languages such as Russian, okay? Arabic and other
languages have a concept of cases. Namely, you have the word cat,
where you put it the word that word ending will change. Okay? If
you put as a subject, if you make it, look at, it's going to change
if you make it as an object, it's going to change now, just for some
people need to know even these terms subject is the doer of the
verb, object is the recipient of the action. If you have a sentence
with only what we call an English a helping verb like have or is or
are, then we call that sentence structure, subject and predicate.
Right? The cat is big. So you got two subjects, helping verb and
predicate. Okay? So, Arabic we have two types of sentences, a
sentence that has a verb and the sentence that doesn't have a verb.
The sentence that doesn't have a verb has a non spoken what we
would call an English a helping verb. But in Arabic, those verbs
don't exist. There's no helping verb, right? So you don't you just
have a subject and a predicate. All right, probably if you trace
the difference in the grammar, you can probably trace most Arabic
accents. Why people speak like the way the Arabs speak the way they
do is his translating directly. Cat big, right? Because in the
English, Arabic there is no helping verb. Right? Alcatel to
Kaviraj turn, right. So he said he's gonna say the cat's big,
because that's how we translated it directly. There's no helping
verb we call this Joomla Izmir. Joomla Izmir, okay. But if there
is a verb, all right, the cat ate the fish. All right. The
difference between English and Arabic is that the verb comes
first aid the cat the fish all right. So
the Arab cases are for Samuel Ottawa Rafa, oneness will help you
what jazz? Alright.
We're going to only just look at
two today to make a comparison between the two.
The dominant case is called the ruff ruff, which is in English, if
you look at the these books like Al Kitab, or the other books, they
call it the nominative case. It's the dominant case, okay.
And this refer is applied to the subject in the verbal sentence,
right, the subject of a verbal sentence, and it's applied to the
subject and the predicate of a nominal sentence Joomla Izmir, so
if we said there are five parts of speech, three for the verbal
sentence and two for the nominal sentence for the verbal sentence
Joomla philia verb, subject object, okay. Ate the cat the fish
and then for the nominal sentence, you have the subject and predicate
which we call an Arabic moped and hover. Right.
The cat is big. Okay.
The nominative case or a Rafa dominates over
the subject of the verbal sentence and both parts of speech of the
Dumanis meow okay both parts of speech of the Joomla Izmir
alright.
So again you have fair fair I'll be verb subject object and the
fair will be murder for the fair it will be more for and then the
nominal sentence looked at uncover both will be murder for the case
is called a refer. All right. We call the case itself I refer and
then when it's applied to a word that word becomes called murder
for All right, now let's go to Allah Metro Rafa What are the
signs of Rafa
when he means the signs of Rafa means Rafa is going to stamp this
the end the subject, and it's going to stamp them the the
Muqtada on the cover.
In the nominal sentence, The stamps are four types of stamps,
number one, Adama number two and well. Number three and Elif number
four and noon. Okay, Adama to Well, well, we'll Elif one noon.
Okay, Bama, well, Elif and noon.
Now
if you look, I don't know which book you have with them. But
there's got to be charts in the
either book that you have, there's got to be charts. In Arabic word
can only be
certain types of you got a set number of options. We're now
talking about the words masculine or feminine. Okay? In Arabic, you
only have two genders. Imagine if they had to modernize the Arab. So
at second, I recently saw a tweet, progressive Muslim youth camp in
Canada, right?
If you're going to do that, and you're going to have like 20
genders, you got to fix something. Right? You're gonna have to fix up
your at all because our era I guess is discriminates and only
limited to genders, okay? Allah subhana wa Tada says Nicola can
incentive and decadent once the period and the right human being
is either male or female. So there's only two genders in the
language, masculine or feminine. But there are three
numbers that can be singular, dual or plural, right? So that's two
times three, right is six, okay.
So you can have singular,
masculine singular masculine dual masculine plural, then you can
have feminine singular, feminine dual feminine plural. All right.
But then you have one other tricky thing, which is broken plural.
Right? Broken plural. Okay? Which gives you how much total? Seven?
Seven, okay.
All right. So, we're going to talk about these seven. If I'm going to
put a word, one of these seven words as a subject, fan, what's it
going to look like? If it's metaphor? So give me a singular,
masculine singular. Actually, let's start with the feminine so
they don't say anything about us. Right. Let's start with feminine
singular word. What's a feminine singular?
Cora right. Well, Cora.
So it's feminine because ends with some attributes. All right. So if
Cora is a fan, a verb,
you're going to put up let's say l Cora, you're going to put a thumb
up on it and Cora to write data let's Cora to a Shabaka, the ball
entered the net. Okay. So it's going to be L Cora two.
Now, if I was to make c'est de,
Rama, Al. Well, as you are Cora, if I was to say the ball, the boy
threw the ball, and I rendered the ball to be the object of the
sentence, then I would say Rama, and well I do a quartet. So that's
a difference right there in a simple feminine singular. If it's
the subject, it's going to be a quota to if it's the object of the
action, it's receiving the action, it's going to be a quota tap. So
very simple for someone opening the Quran. Now, when you see a
feminine singular word. Okay, Cora to Cora tap, you know, now one is
the doer and one is the recipient of the action. Alright, so that's
feminine singular. Let's keep going down to the feminine
feminine feminine dual. Okay, feminine dual.
Feminine duel. Okay, let's say there are two walls.
If it's the subject, it's going to be with the Elif noon. Okay, it's
something
right? If it's gonna be this file, all right, Marfa. It's gonna be al
Cora 10. And if noon al Cora 10 Okay.
Def Allah al Qura 10 A Shabaka. The two balls entered the net. All
right, or Rama through a well do the boy. Now it's now the object
so what's it going to be a court attain? Okay. So n for the object
for subject and aim when it is the recipient of the action? All
right.
Baramulla Allahu Methoden
Darboe mother.
Method imra attain. Right, but I don't know how Mumbra attitude.
Right. Allah struck the example of one of two women in Raja attain
right in attain. And then for example, Musa alayhis salam when
he came upon the well what did he see? In Raja tan, right. To do
that he found
Two women waiting right to get their water call letter dynasty
had to use Daria who are gonna share from career so when a dual
feminine is going to be the subject it's going to receive and
and when it is the object of the sentence receiving the action its
aim right and brighten to attain. So now we go to feminine plural
All right, feminine plural like
a
minute alright minute okay
when the minutes are the style subjects of the action
they will receive the Dhamma a minute to write and what minute to
write
duckula Elmina to or the canal Mina to Al masjid for example. So
believing women entered the mosque and what me natural all right or
now when it's the object what happens right here you have an
exceptional case and I hate to bring exceptions to so early but
you have to put an asterix here, okay, because in theory it would
be a minute, right? Mina.
However, the original speakers of this language found this to be
difficult on the tongue and found it easier to put a customer so
almak Mina T. Okay.
Now, how does this come in the Quran many times?
A number of times. We have a verbal sentence about the creation
of the heavens and the earth Haluk is the verb created Allah Who all
right Allah created halacha Allah who has somewhere to eat well, a
robot
both of them are objects of the Creation they're receiving the
creation they are the object they're not creating, they have
been created. Okay, the receiving the action from Allah azza wa jal.
So they are both objects. So they should we get that. However, like
we just said, the feminine plural objects or monsoon case, is an
exception, it does not get affected, it gets a customer.
Okay, and I hate to actually bring that up in the first second
lesson, but it's something you could easily remember when you set
it up Allahu assembler where T was out a lot. A lot of that fits what
we just said, right? Like Rama al Well, I do a Kurata Okay, hello,
hello Hola. However, feminine plural is an exception it will not
receive a Fatah, it will receive a customer.
Okay? Receive a customer.
All right. So how many words do we do feminine singular examples. We
gave examples feminine duel, we gave examples. Feminine plural.
Now let's go to the masculine.
With some give me a masculine singular word.
Muslim, okay. Muslim.
So again, a very simple, it's going to be the receiving a Dhamma
or a customer, right?
The color and muesli mu and MSG, MSG, because it's the object of
the action, so it's going to get a feta. And mostly mu is the doer.
So he's going to get a dama. Now if it's to duck Allah, Al Muslim
man, right? Al Masjid.
All right. So it's going to be more full on with adding Elif noon
to the end of the word.
Okay. And if it's plural, right, if it's plural, it will be duckula
al musli. Moon
al Masjid. Right? The plural Muslims entered the Masjid. So
the Rafah upon the masculine plural is with the Whoa, noon. All
right. Wow, noon. Okay. And if it's the object if Muslims are the
object, for example,
Ka L imamo. Al Muslimeen. The Imam gave his quote by his speech
address to the Muslims. So you're going to say Hatha Yoga, right? Ha
taba many people make this mistake. Capalaba Okay, is to
address with a speech, Hatha Yoga is to get engaged, many people
make this mistake, right. So, Ha he addressed who did the
addressing an MMO with the subjects and emammal and the
plural is Al Muslimeen. So
When you have plural, masculine plural as the recipient of the
action, you're going to add a yet noon. All right? So when people
are reciting the Quran and reading the Quran, now, you know the
difference between well known and yet known, if you see at noon is
the recipient of an action or part of a prepositional phrase is not
the doer. But when you see well known that is the doer and the
main actor in the sentence, okay well known versus yet known. So
ca Al Imam Al Muslimeen. We call that monsoon
with the monsoon job and the indicator of the pneus of their
right is the we haven't introduced formally introduced the word
pneus. But it's the corollary of Rafa we just said Rafa is the mark
upon the subject of the sentence. And now soup is the mark upon the
object of the sentence. Okay. And we call the first word metaphor,
and the second word mon soup, right. Ka L imamo. And Muslimeen
le mermell.
Okay, fair. metaphor, the Dhamma and imamo. Okay. Al Muslimeen.
Math only object monsoon. receives not with what? billion, right? One
2 billion is your following. You got this stuff I'm sure you know
this stuff already right from anyway.
Yeah.
It's good to review.
All right. So now we have one more case, which is what the broken
plural alright. So, the logo, the language has a situation where not
all plurals are clean plural. So what is
a plural that is Salim are clean. The word doesn't change like
Muslim. You just tack on well known. Right?
Feminine Muslimah you just tack on Elif Tet Muslim ad. So the route
stays the same. Okay. However, some plurals you have to break up
the route in some way shape or form like keytab Kitab becomes
Kutub fie her cuttlebone a human. Okay.
Good two boom.
So, could you take the word Kitab you had to break it up? You had to
take the NFL right and you had to alternate how it sounds could do.
So Kutub just like feminine singular and just like masculine
singular. This indicator of the Rafa is the Dhamma okay. Right.
For example.
Al kootu Whoo. I imagine this is a subject predicate phrase nominal
sentence, no verb, Moto that cover el kootu boo IEMA twin. The books
are valuable. Okay. Are coachable payments, or let's take a verbal
sentence and make the book to be
the object the method will be alright, so you're going to say
now okay, cara cara a barley boo? Al kootu right the student read
the books gotta read a tolerable the student could do that. The
books Okay. All right. So is this clear with everyone? Yeah. Does
Gemma Gemma ataxia broken
so this does not become feminine? No. So
that's because Okay, that's a good question. The question is adequate
to alright was given an adjective the adjective was made feminine
now we know we haven't gotten to this lesson yet. But some people
know out there that the adjective and the noun have to have exactly
the same number, gender and everything okay. The non human
plural is always described with the feminine in most cases
feminine singular, right, in most cases, right but the gender the
non human plural will always be treated as a feminine
and
yes, no more otherwise any non human plural will be treated as
feminine. Okay. And in contemporary Arabic, always
singular, but in the Quran in classical Arabic can be singular
or plural. Okay.
Alright, let's see what I'm what else anyone has here.
All right.
All right now.
Some people ask
Another question when we said
when we talked about the verb which we haven't gotten to that
yet, but just as something some people are asking for
a verb, when we start a verbal sentence, we always keep it
singular. The verb is always singular when we start, right? It
can be feminine or masculine. Right? But the verb when we start
is always singular. So we'll get to that when we get to verbs.
Okay?
All right, so let's stop here, because we don't want to make
these each lesson too long. Alright, and we've been going for
how long? I don't know how many, maybe 2030 minutes now. So let's
pause here. And then
we have half an hour Do you want to do fit now right away, stop and
do fit right away?
Isn't 130 So that was 1/3.
So now the account the account or the account
from the app and the app. Okay, so let's pause here. I'm pretty sure
the salon has a 130 though. A coma? Could you check on the wall
real quick? Because if
we've seen Okay, so they change it. Alright, so let's stop here
after salah. We will come back and read some food. All right.
Spark alone.