Yasir Qadhi – The Collapse of the Caliphate – One Hundred Years

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			hamdulillah all praises due to Allah Subhana Allah to Allah, we praise Him and we seek His help and
we seek refuge in Allah from the evil of our souls and the consequences of our actions. Indeed
whomever Allah guides, none can miss guide and whomever Allah misguides none can guide him to the
straight path, a bear witness and I testify that there is no god except for a lagenda Judah Lu, and
that Muhammad Sallallahu either he was seldom is his final prophet and most perfect worshiper as to
what follows Allah subhana wa tada reminds us in the Quran, when he says yeah, are you Hello, Xena,
armano topo la haka Ducati wala to Morton illa Anta Muslim moon, oh, you who believe be conscious of
		

			Allah, the way that it is befitting that you be conscious of Him and do not die except in the state
of submission.
		

			Dear Muslims, today 100 years ago, one of the greatest political disasters of the last 14 and a half
centuries occurred literally today 100 years ago, on the 27th of Rajab, 1342 Ah, and today is the
27th of Raja 1442 on the 27th Oh, no job 1342 after the hedgerow, which corresponds to march of 1924
by a decree of the Parliament of Turkey, under the nationalist leader of Muslim by the name of
Mustafa Kemal, otherwise known as I took the order
		

			Office of the hill alpha was abolished, and the last Khalifa of our oma soltana Abdul Majeed, the
second, the 37th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, and the 21st generation descendant of its founder of
ceman, went into exile, and eventually died in Paris in 1944. This week, this day, the 27th of Rajab
marks the 100 hijiri anniversary of this sad tragedy, a full century has gone by. And it behooves us
to, to remember to not commemorate because that's the positive meaning, but to reflect and to
ponder, and to study and learn both the good and the bad. And obviously, this is a very complex
topic that cannot be covered in one hotbar. It is worthy of many, many lectures and maybe one day
		

			inshallah myself or somebody will do them. But today's hold tubba, I want to most importantly, raise
public awareness, the vast majority of us don't even know the realities of what happened to raise
public awareness, and to create a curiosity to bring about a sense of I need to know how could this
tragedy have happened? for 1350 years, we had a philosopher, and then all of a sudden, between a
morning and an evening, it's gone. And now we have been for 100 years without one, what are the
lessons to learn? What do I need to teach, especially the next generation, especially my children
and your children, they need to know our heritage, our history, they need to know our civilization.
		

			And so in today's holds, but I can only do so much. What I will do is inshallah shed some key points
bring about some key points, so that inshallah The goal is to incentivize us to motivate us to want
to study more,
		

			what are the causes of the collapse of the khilafah, and especially of the earth manaphy lava, many
things can be said, of them, the mismanagement of internal resource resources, and the weakening of
the Muslim economy of them was, for centuries, a sense of complacency, a sense of not understanding
the threat of other superpowers, because once upon a time, as we all like to reminisce, we ruled the
world for 500 years, we were indeed the greatest civilization. But unfortunately, that led to a
sense of complacency, a sense of maybe even a little bit of arrogance. And so from around 14 1500
onwards, the Muslim lands began to stagnate, technologically, and Western civilization began to
		

			rise. And there was not a sense of urgency, it really was not, there was not a sense of awareness of
the threat of the rising European powers, as well. During this timeframe. The technological
achievements of the Western world's began to far surpass those of Muslim lands, and in particular,
the Ottoman army. Also, there was the ossification of the religious clergy. And this is an awkward
thing. But it needs to be said, there was this sense of closure, we don't need anything else. And
that is why there was a sense of we don't need any technology. I've given an entire lecture about
the printing press, and why so many scholars did not want the printing press in Muslim lands. That's
		

			just an indication of a mindset if you like. And it is true that some rula attempted reform
attempted revival, great thinkers like Rajiv Rudolph, who was very active, the most famous alum 100
years ago was Rashida Rudolph, may Allah have mercy on him, but it was too little too late. And so
what happened happened? Another major reason for the collapse of the Ottoman Empire was the fact
that global superpowers began playing around with Muslim politics. They began eyeing Muslim lands
with direct colonization, like the British in India, like the French in Egypt and Algeria, or with
indirect tinkering, like they did with the Ottoman lands. And so European superpowers France,
		

			Germany, England, Russia, they all began to try to influence local politics within the Ottoman
lands, and the Muslims became a play thing like a piece of chess on a vicious board that was way
beyond their paygrade way beyond their understanding. And unfortunately, perhaps the greatest
catalyst they were lowered into a global war that we now called World War One. They were lowered
into a global war even
		

			They didn't have to take part they were made promises that were dangled with incentives. And so they
took sides in a global war that had nothing to do with them. And unfortunately, as a last quarter,
they chose the wrong side, they chose the losing side, they chose to side with Germany, against the
Allied forces against England and the other superpowers. And so when Germany collapse because
Germany Lost World War One, when Germany collapsed, then obviously the European powers were able to
invade Muslim lands directly, Allied forces invaded and conquered Baghdad, the capital of the
massive Empire, British forces entered Baghdad in the early part of this century of the last
		

			century. And then they entered Jerusalem, and they conquered Jerusalem. And then eventually they
entered Istanbul and depose The, the Ottoman Sultan, but it wasn't an outsider, it was not an
outsider that abolished the caliphate know what is so painful. And this shows us that we have
enemies from within just like we have enemies from without what is so painful was that the actual
abolishment of the khilafah came at the hands of somebody who was born in a Muslim family and given
a Muslim name, and perhaps the most painful, the name he was given was the name that also belong to
our Prophet sallallahu. Either he was selling them. And I mean by this, Mustafa Kemal, who is called
		

			a TED talk. And he was the one who instigated the official abolishment of the hill of 100 years ago
today.
		

			The results were catastrophic, to say the least, so much can be said. Firstly, and there's no doubt
this is the biggest of them, the loss of an institution that has been continuously operating from
the beginning of Islamic civilization, an institution that was put into place by no one less than
our Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu, either he was seldom the institution of a global authority, the
institution of a figurehead that is going to lead all of the Muslim Empire and that is of the trade
off. Agreed. It wasn't a perfect institution. Yes, it had its ups and downs, and we had bad
hollyford and we had good believers, but it was something and it was something that we could right
		

			fully take pride in. It was a symbol of a civilization, our civilization, a symbol of a political
force, our political force. Throughout 13 and a half centuries, many dynasties came and went, many
dynasties, Rose and fall and they took over the status of the khilafah, the omae yards, there are
buses, the mum looks the seljuks the Ottomans, but there was always a continuous Khalifa from the
time of Abu Bakar, acidic rhodiola, who, up until 100 years ago, there was a continuous Khalifa,
maybe different backgrounds, different regions, different names, but there was indeed a halifa for
our faith and our civilization, and regardless of the calamities that took place, and how many have
		

			they been, perhaps of the greatest of the calamities in our history was the advent of the Crusades.
And perhaps the second worst tragedy, politically speaking, after the collapse of the khilafah was
the invasion of the Mongols who Rocco Han, the grandson of Genghis Khan, attacking both dad and
bringing the abasa helaba to an end in 1258. But even that the hereafter was revived under the Mum,
Luke's and it lasted for a century or two, before the Ottomans took it over even the collapse of
Baghdad, which was indeed very traumatic, did not bring the khilafah to an end. All of this happened
only 100 years ago. So this is the first of many, many negatives. The second negative that resulted
		

			is a reality that we're all living with, as we sit here right now, a reality that was unknown 200
years ago, 300 years ago, 1000 years ago. It is a reality that every one of us sitting here is not
just aware of we are involved with, and that is nation states. In the pre early time, pre modern
times, Muslims identified with their faith, and then with a broad ethnic group, their language,
their culture, the concept of dividing imaginary lines between people who shared the same heritage,
the same language, the same cuisine, the same ethnicity was non existent. But with the collapse of
the Rafah, and with the carving up of the Ottoman Empire, in particular with that infamous treaty
		

			known as the Sykes Pico agreement, and I want every one of you to study this agreement, there's a
Wikipedia page or there's a YouTube tutorial for high school students. It's enough
		

			tough for us to understand to Western ambassadors, one French and one British literally sat down
Sykes and Pico between a map of the Middle East. And they negotiated and they bartered. And they
fought over where they would draw the lines to divide the pie, the pie, our pie, you know, when kids
come and they fight over the pie, the parent comes in has to cut it up. That's exactly what happened
with the Sykes picot agreement. That pie was our oma, it was a map of our And literally, we have the
original, you can Google it, we have the original map that Sykes and Pico are fighting over. And
they decided this is the border of Syria. This is the border of Lebanon, this is the border of
		

			Palestine. This is the border of Iraq. And those borders are exactly the borders that we still
having to this day. imaginary lines between people have the same background, same religion, same
ethnicity. And now what happens, we are all at war with one another. kulu has been the malady him
for whom this person hates that person, this person is bombing the other person. And we have the
same God and the same heritage and the same religion and the same fibula, the concept of nation
state was brought in by outsiders, and then handed to us. And now all of us, we are caught up in
that wave as well. The third negative of the collapse of the Philippines. And it is indeed a painful
		

			negative was that it paved the way for the loss of Philistine and the brutal occupation of that
region by the only remaining apartheid regime in the world today, the site's Pico agreement, and
then the Balfour Declaration, were both instrumental in the destruction and the displacement of our
Palestinian brothers and sisters, and the substitution of local residents of that land residents
that had lived there for 2000 years just before the coming of Jesus Christ, the same people live
there, their fates might have changed, but it's that ethnicity. But because of the collapse of the
Darfur and World War One and the sight speaker agreement and the Balfour Declaration, those people
		

			that live there for 1000s of years, were shepherded into refugee camps bombed and killed. And then
immigrants brought in from Russia, from Europe, immigrants that spoke a different language had a
different background belong to a different faith. And then this country came, which is the only
apartheid country that still remains alive to this day. And this is because once again of the
collapse of the Darfur, fourthly, another negative that resulted was that it resulted, this isn't
for the negatives. Also some positives here is that it resulted in different movements and revive
ballistic attempts across the globe. The collapse of the khilafah resulted directly in thinkers
		

			starting to attempting to revive the oma what is to be done, and so many global movements came about
as a result of this. And we're all familiar with them. The one Jamaat e Islami that a hurry, all of
these movements are a direct result of the collapse of the philosopher, and they're all attempting
to do something or a bring about their own versions of it. And these revival mystic movements
created a ripple effect across the globe. Hamdulillah, much of it is positive, but we learn from the
past. Also in India, a movement sprang up called the hillforts movement. And that Khilafat movement,
it was one of the main catalysts not the only one of the main catalysts for the eventual creation of
		

			the nation state of Pakistan. This is the direct result of the collapse of the khilafah, believe it
or not, because many of those that were involved in the Khilafat movement, when that fizzled out,
they then jumped on to a new idea, a new project, and that project was the creation of the nation
state of Pakistan. And the last point I want to mention, and again, this is such a summary. So much
needs to be said. The last point I want to mention for our football, is that the collapse of the
khilafah it caused an intellectual, and even a religious crisis across the Muslim globe. thinkers
were literally in shock. They couldn't imagine a civilization of our faith without an icon that
		

			represents the faith. How can you have a civilization of Islam without a land of Islam? That has
never happened since the time of Medina never. And it's sent across the globe into a type of shock,
and questions began to be asked. And these questions don't have easy answers. In fact, we are still
negotiating them to this day. What is the future of land of Islam? What is the future of Islam
without a land of Islam? What is the future of a civilization without a caliphate? That is supposed
to be the symbol of that civilization? What does it mean to be a Muslim in modernity? How do we
navigate our country
		

			afflicting loyalties when we have these nation states and we have the oma and these are questions
and controversies that are still shaping our discourses To this day, we haven't even answered all of
these questions or I should say the answers that are being attempted they are not satisfactory to
every single Muslim. And again, much can be said but time is always limited. The abolishment of the
khilafah 100 years ago today is a topic that every single one of us without exception needs to study
and learn lessons from May Allah subhana wa tada bless me and you within through the Quran, and may
make us of those who is versus the understand and applies head on and head on throughout our
		

			lifespan. I ask God's forgiveness, he was well asked him for his 400
		

			hamdulillah all praises you to Allah, the One and the unique. It is He alone that we worship, and it
is His blessings that we seek. He is the Lord of the oppressed, and the one who answers the door of
the week. Indeed, dear Muslims, the collapse of the philosopher was a shock of the highest
magnitude,
		

			many of our odema of the timeframe, and many thinkers and especially our enemies, they literally
thought this was the end of the religion of Islam, as they knew it. Many thought it was the end of
the times. Yet Alhamdulillah Alhamdulillah 100 years have gone by and the oma is still alive and
healthy. The oma is strong and powerful in its own way, not in the way that it may be would have a
look around you. If you know the history of the last century. It is very true to point out that in
the immediate generation after the collapse of the khilafah in the 40s and 50s and 60s, there is no
doubt that overall religiosity suffered and religious thoughts really did seem to wane. It was
		

			affected but 80s 90s and now this generation, there is no question that there has been a resurgence
of the highest order. There is a powerful revival underway and we thank Allah subhana wa tada we are
seeing the effects of this revival. We are seeing raw eemaan across the globe, from Alaska to
Zambia, from China all the way to the coast of South America. everywhere we look at we find Muslim
communities thriving in the circumstances that they could never have imagined three centuries ago,
one century ago, places were even in this land now mosques are flourishing in so many cities and
hamdulillah Al Hamdulillah every single major city of the globe, messages are being constructed
		

			mosques are jam packed every single Friday and every single prayer of taraweeh and Ramadan, as will
our Masjid inshallah, and all marches across the globe. This was not the case in the 40s and 50s and
60s, read the books of history. We are seeing the revival, a global awakening of the spirit of
Islam, which is pure Eman. It's not based upon civilization. It's not based upon politics. It is
based in genuine faith in our Lord belief in our Quran, love of our Prophet. And the reason for this
dear Muslims. The reason for this is that Allah subhanho wa Taala promised to preserve, not the
healer of the religion. Allah promised to preserve this religion until the day of judgment, nothing
		

			will destroy the man in the hearts of you and me. The African come and go, and we are sad. Well,
lucky, we are sad. It is a tragedy of the highest magnitude. And we wish there was some type of land
that we could call a land of Islam. But even if there is no land of Islam, Islam exists in me and
you and no one no superpower on Earth. No civilization outside of our own can bring that to an end
who will lead the outer Salah Rasulullah who Buddha wadena aka Leo the hero who Allah Deen equally
This is the promise of Allah the deen shall remain you do you do another youthful una Lybia for him?
Well, yeah, Villa who Illa and your team man what the knower of Allah will shine from coast to coast
		

			from land to land, and nothing can ever extinguish this. What we learn dear Muslims, is that indeed,
we've had an amazing, amazing history. And our Muslim children, especially the next generation need
to be taught about our beautiful religion and about our glorious past, but they need to be told that
our past is human. Our history is human.
		

			It is our faith that is divine. Our history is human, you're going to find the good and the bad, the
positive and the negative. But even in that human history, because our faith is divine, we had and
we continue to have, even if we don't have a faith alpha, the most magnificent civilization that the
world has ever seen, that is the message that we need to tell our children the religion of Islam is
alive and flourishing and it will continue to be alive and continue to flourish until the day of
judgment. May Allah subhana wa tada make us of those who protect and preserve it and pass it down to
our children Aloma India and for Aminu, alumna letter if you have to meet them but he loves about
		

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welcome is sada.
		

			You Yeah, man.