Yasir Qadhi – The Classification of Sins into Major and Minor

			reciting Surah najem today and through the najem there is a verse they want to comment on a little
bit. Allah says in the Quran, a Lavina eejits any buena kava, Iran East Knievel, fava, Heisha, il
let them the righteous are those who avoid the Kabbalah era avoid the big of the sins and of the
evil deeds. And they don't have to avoid the lemon in the lemon it is allowed a lemon. So it is as
if Allah is categorizing sins in the Quran. Allah is differentiating between sins and Allah is
saying that the righteous are those who Yoji attorney buena kabbah era if me wallflower fish, they
avoid the Kaaba era of the sins. And then Allah makes an exception in the lemon. If the righteous
		

			commits a lemon, we'll translate this in a while that doesn't negate from them being righteous. So
this leads us to the very interesting, very detailed discussion, which we're going to very quickly
summarized because always time is against us the categories of sins. Now, sins can be categorized in
many different ways. You can categorize them based upon where do they exist, they can exist only in
the heart, nobody knows about them, and your art. So you have jealousy. Nobody knows you're jealous,
you have arrogance, nobody knows Nipah nobody knows or they can exist on the body, somebody can see
them. So that is one category of sin. You also have another categorization from another perspective,
		

			sins against Allah and sins against the creation. So since against Allah, you are infringing between
you and Allah, the rights of ALLAH SubhanA wa taala, you're doing something that Allah has told you
not to do, or that you are not doing something Allah has told you to do, but between you and Allah,
and another category of sin, you're infringing on the rights of somebody else, you are stealing,
backbiting, hitting, stabbing, taking the heck of somebody else, you can categorize in that manner
as well. You can also categorize the sin of doing something you shouldn't do, versus the sin of not
doing something you should not do right, not doing something you should do. So for example, the sin
		

			of Iblees. Allah said, prostrate IBLEES said no, he refused a commandment, the sin of Adam. Allah
said, don't eat, he ate, he did something he shouldn't have done. So this is another categorization
of sin. So and there are many other categorizations as well, but the categorization we're going to
talk about today, so this is a very detailed topic, obviously the concept of sins. Today we're going
to shed a little bit of light about what I just recited in the Quran, another categorization scheme,
and one that occurs in the Quran and multiple verses. And this is the categorization of Kabira and
celerra Kabira. And Sahara. The Quran has three verses in which Allah subhanho wa Taala indicates
		

			that sins are Kabira versus sins are Sahira. So for example, this is one of them Alladhina Yeji
attorney buena Keba Ural if we will avoid actually lemon. Allah is clearly differentiating kabbah L
from a lemon lemon, by the way, it translates as something touching. So you're not really going deep
inside, you're just like touching it, or you're just like getting involved a little bit. So there's
an indication that the Solera lemma is not as big of a deal as the career obviously that's the whole
point. But in a more explicit verse, Allah literally says the word Selena and Kabira and this is in
surah, LKF Surah teleca half, Allah subhanho wa Taala says when the worry will Kitab when the book
		

			is laid out, and they say, Molly huddle Kitabi now you have the roof. So here are 10 What could be
rotten ill?
		

			Where's this book coming from? There is no Sahira or cubby at all, except that the book has
demonstrated it right. And Allah azza wa jal says a certain Nisa integer attainable Cuba Iran
Mattoon Hona Anhu no kufr uncom say your article I want you to hear the model Colin Karima. If you
avoid the kabbah era, we shall forgive your sejati meaning there's a category of sins, that Allah
shall forgive automatically if you're righteous and pious, these are called the say yacht and the
the other verse, the Sahara, and then the third verse dilemma. So there are three verses in the
Quran surah nisa Surah Al calf, and what's the third one?
		

			Very good, so tender like I just recited it. These are the three verses in which Allah subhana wa
Taala explicitly differentiates between the concept of Selena and the concept of Kabira. Now, the
big issue comes and this is the big controversy if you like that what exactly is the difference
between the Salina and the Caribbean
		

			What is the definition that eliminates or differentiates between Salina and Kabira?
		

			This question, no exaggeration, I could spend many hours on many PhDs have been written, I have some
in my library, many a path or research papers have been written, many scholars have attempted to
differentiate. And this leads to a very deep topic, which I don't really want to get into the depth
of it. But I just want to indicate that what we find here and this is an academic analysis, which
I'm not the first one, many people have said this, what we find here is that our scholars, many of
them when they talked about Kerberos, when they talked about major sins, we have a common trend,
that there seems to be a emphasis on adding more and more things to this list. Whereas the earliest
		

			of generations, like the Sahaba, they seem to have a few things on the list. So it is reported that
Ibn Massoud said there's only four could be heroes, and even Abbas. So even Omar said, There's seven
Kerberos. And other Sahaba said, There's around 10 of them, right? So we have this notion that
there's just a few careers. And on the list, we all know what they are, like murder, for example,
right? Or, you know, Xena, or, for example, stealing. So these are all, for example, running away
from the battlefields expressly mentioned. And obviously, she was on the list as well. So you have
the short lists, but the later you go, there seems to be a trend to make this list bigger and bigger
		

			and bigger. And our scholars, especially those that are we call them the the analytical scholars
that will hacklin Our scholars point out. The reason for this is the human tendency, especially
amongst preachers to frighten the people from committing sins, right. And it's a natural tendency,
and it's a good tendency, you want to tell people to not do sins. And so what is one of the easiest
ways to do that? You just point out, oh, that's a very big sin. That's a Kabira. So we have for
example, later scholars and Mr. Muda Hubby, even hedges hate me, they have these massive lists. And
in fact, other scholars criticize that, actually, you're making almost every sin imaginable into a
		

			Kabira. And if you look at the list, it's a lot of things that the majority of scholars don't
consider a Kabira. Now the problem comes, and this is a very legit problem. And I have to make this
disclaimer, when we say it's not a Kabira. Does this mean we're trivializing the sin? Does this mean
we're opening the license to commit the sin? Does this mean we're saying Oh, no big deal. Go ahead
and committed? No, not at all. We're simply being academic and fair to the Quran and Sunnah. So what
then is a Kabira? Again, lots of definitions, no exaggeration, over 17 definitions have been given
throughout Islamic history. What is the Quran study, the one that is the most popular it is
		

			generally attributed to even Tamia but even Tamia wasn't the first to say this, as shortly before as
well and others before him, they have this this phrase, and that is every sin, in which number one,
there is a worldly punishment had right or number two, there is an aura we punishment, Allah has
said this is either Bucha Hana, Allah has said you do this is going to be either Bucha Hana and
number three Allah's Lana learn Allah, then it becomes a Kabira. So they give three criterion every
punishment that has a worldly sin if you do it and the government catches you Islamic State, you're
going to be punished What is an example of a worldly punishment sin.
		

			Murder, Zina, this is a had or a punishment that has Allah's punishment in the Akira what's an
example in the Quran?
		

			Share because obviously the number one major sin what else?
		

			Eating orphans property in the Ludhiana. Yeah karuna, Amalia type of woman in nema. Yeah, karuna
people tuna him now raw, Allah is saying eating orphans property you're eating the fire of * for
example, right? So this is Allah's punishment of Jahannam or number three liner. What's an example
of that? And then the Quran?
		

			Killing a Muslim, yes. And volume unto others. The answer to Allah Allah Allah volume in right when
you take the rights of other people will you oppress other people learn and others there's like 10
categories of voting in the Quran. majority of them are caphyon, right? landless
		

			Mala who the those who commit coup for Allah's land is upon them. So these are this definition seems
to be a more precise definition. And if you look at the sins in this
		

			category, they do not get to 7080 90 as some of the lists have them, it's a bit too much. Now, there
is a statement attributed to even Abbas that there are closer to 70 Kerberos versus seven, l Keba.
are closer to 70 than they are to seven. Now this is attributed to him in some later books, Allahu
Allah, if He actually said it or not. And even if he said it, firstly, it is one opinion compared to
even lesser than others. And secondly, there is this notion of again, what is called wief, or making
the people scared of committing sins, and that's a healthy notion. So, in reality, there is a
academic way to discuss this topic. And then there is a preaching way to discuss this topic, right?
		

			And this is the problem here. If you want to be academic about it, it might appear as if you are
trivializing and if you want to be preachy about it, well then go ahead and make every sin a major
sin because you don't want people to commit sin. By the way, even Oklahoma has an interesting point
here and one of his very, you know, academic books, very advanced books, talks about Hadith and
masala had is called elemental Almara motif. He says that the majority of a hadith that talks about
the dangers of riba they're actually fabricated by the preachers. This is what if no claim says the
majority of a hadith that we find about the dangers of riba whoever does Riba? It's as a stop for
		

			Allah for even saying this, but it's mentioned in the books and some people think is a sahih Hadith.
I do not think it is also Hadeeth neither does have no claim. The least type of Riba is like doing
Zina with Yanni, you get the point, it's just the process and could never have uttered this. And as
Ibrahim says, How can riba be equivalent to that sin that is mentioned in this fabricated Hadith?
It's not even possible. My point is that why would preachers invent this? Why would preachers invent
this genre? They actually have good Nia but good Nia doesn't justify the action, the good Nia, let
me prevent people from doing Riba. Right, and so you just say, say everything you can, and then it
		

			spreads amongst the masses. And then it becomes a Kabir Amina cava, sorry, not Reba is a Kabira. But
I'm saying the Quranic Riba is a Kabira. But I'm saying the Hadith about Riba, there's only a few
that are authentic. The bulk of them, as Jim says, are from the fabricated people that just wanted
to preach my point is back to the issue of Kabira. So another point that is our scholars mentioned,
and that is that there's something called the the sin itself, which is the genre of sin, and then
the characteristics of the sin. What do I mean here? Not every sin is exactly the same, even if
outwardly it is exactly the same. And this is common sense. Not every murder is exactly the same as
		

			every other murder. Not every Zina is exactly the same as every other Zina so even within Kabira you
have door ajar between the Kabira and we know this from our tradition. For example, the Prophet
sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said one of the major sins is one to Zania Halle Letta generic that you
commit Zina with your neighbor's wife. Our scholars comment on this that the fact that he is
mentioning Zina with the neighbor's wife indicates it is a category of Zina that is much worse than
other categories, even though all might be bad, right? So the time of the sin has an impact on the
sin, doing a sin in the daytime of Ramadan is not the same as doing it another time. Right? The
		

			location of the sin has an impact on the severity of the sin. Stealing in a masjid, stealing in the
harem of Maccha. Do people steal in the home of Makkah? I'm not gonna answer that question.
		

			But you can ask me for details along with Stan pickpockets and whatnot. And anyway, yes, it does
happen but
		

			the sin of where it happens, the sin of where it happens is not the same. If you commit a sin in a
location that is sacred is not the same as doing it in another location, right? The person who does
it the circumstances so you have a whole but even even the marital status. So in our Shetty out, the
punishment of Xena of the one who's married is not the same as the punishment who is not married. So
the Sharia takes into account so many factors. Therefore, even a major sin can become higher or
lower on the scale depending on the factors surrounding it right. Now the question also arises, what
happens if a person commits a major sin? What are the what's the what's the big deal if you like
		

			what's the issue here? The issue is as follows The Quran is very clear. Number one surah najem.
		

			You cannot be from the Saudi Hain and commit a major sin. So that the najem says this right? That if
you want to be from the righteous people, then
		

			It cannot be kabbah This means by the way, you cannot be committing kabbah continuously. If a person
commits a Kabira and repents, he's no longer committing Kabaya you understand this point, committing
a major sin and then repenting having a past major sin, then you are potentially slogging, but to
commit it continuously and not repent. You are not of the solid Hain do you become a Kaffir?
Obviously not you become a faster and faster is somebody who is a sinful person, and there's the
potential of Allah's punishment. Right? Number two, when you commit a Kabira in this world, and it
is known you're committing a Kabira, then your testimony is no longer accepted. In a court of law.
		

			Your testimony will be we don't accept this person's testimony, and other accounts of dunya are a
put upon it. And number three, when you commit to Kabira, a major sin. It requires a special Toba
for the major sin. Whereas this is the key point minor sins requires general Toba, generic Toba. So
major sin, Zina or drinking alcohol or stealing somebody's property. This is a major sin stealing
orphans property.
		

			In order to be forgiven for major sin, you must enact a special Toba unique for that sin, your heart
must feel guilty, you must turn to Allah subhana wa Tada. You must make us therefore you must make a
sincere intention to not return to that sin you must return the rights of the person. This is
specific Toba as for minor sin, what is a minor sin Ibn Abbas said Don't get angry at me This is Ben
Albus speaking Ibn Abbas said, I know no sin that is more symptomatic of a minor sin than a man
gazing at a woman that is not his Muharram. So a man is sitting in the street a woman passes by
right even Abbas said, I know of no sin that is more illustrative of what the lemon is. He commented
		

			on this verse a Latina yet and he went to Cabo Cabo ignore all flash in the limo. He goes I know of
no sin that is more demonstrative of what exemplifies lemon than a man seeing a non Muharram lady in
the street and he has the look of lust. It's not good to do. It's not healthy to do it's definitely
not something a man should do. But is it Allah is Lana? Is it automatically either boo Jahannam
these sins, all of these sins, they are forgiven by generic doba not necessarily specific What does
generic Tober mean? After Salah we say a star for a lot of stuff for a lot of stuff it Allah and our
Prophet sallallahu sallam said between the five prayers are forgiven if you perfect them and between
		

			the Ramadan are forgiven if you fast Ramadan and between the cameras are forgiven if you fast if you
do the cameras and our Prophet sallallahu sallam said the one who does will do his sins fall off of
him and so many other Hadith all of these a hadith what type of sins
		

			the minor ones the major ones will not be forgiven by doing well do you eat a clear Tama mallia Tama
your will do is not going to forgive that as thought for Allah stopped for Allah. You fast from Oban
and you're stealing other people's money that is a separate category of sin. That's not going to be
forgiven by just fasting Ramadan, so we have to be academically understand there is a big difference
between Kabbalah and saw it when it comes to Toba and and when it comes to Toba stick about it have
a special repentance that needs to be done at an individual level two or three final points
inshallah then we'll conclude of these points. When does a celerra Become a Kabira? Again, so much
		

			discussion. Some scholars said every sin is a Kabira and this is the preachy site. It's impossible
every sin is a Kabira. But this is the preachy side you want to frighten people away. And other
scholars said there is no real Kabira other than should because Allah says in the Quran in Hola
Hola, yo en nuestra kabhi. Well, Fatima Duna, directly Manisha every other sin can potentially be
acellular. And what they meant by this is, Allah can forgive they didn't mean to trivialize but they
said Allah can forgive any other sin. In reality, the middle ground is the best here. When does a
Selita become a Kibera? You find a lot of people saying this, that if a person habitually does a
		

			small sin, it becomes a major sin. And you find this in a number of early books and
		

			authors and whatnot. But on the academic side of things, I will politely disagree because we have
evidences for this. We don't have time to get into them. Simply doing a minor sin doesn't make it a
Kabira because we have authentic evidences, there's a hadith answer
		

			I boycotting others that the process of them said there's a man who committed a sin. Then he said,
Oh Allah I committed a sin. And Allah forgive it, forgive me, Allah forgave him, then he committed
it again, then he committed again. So he's saying he committed it again. In the end, Allah says, I
have forgiven you because you're turning to me. So this shows a habitual sin doesn't necessarily
become a Kabira. But it might and to make a long story short, in my analysis, Allah knows best
there's obviously there's so many opinions, but in my humble opinion, a Solera becomes the Kabira.
If the attitude becomes one of arrogance,
		

			you don't care, you're committing the sin. You have a feeling of
		

			habitual nonchalance is the term probably, it becomes adda that has no guilt in you. In fact, you
have a level of arrogance when you do it. So then in this case, it's not the habitual celerra that
is the major sin it is the arrogance of the heart that becomes the major sin right? When you have
arrogance against Allah, this is the CHE tonic sin and then the final point here or there's two fine
two points, two quick points Ibaka Ium has a nice categorization I like it and I am said all the
sins can be divided into four categories. Number one, animalistic number two predatorial number
three che phonic And number four, infringing on divinity.
		

			He has four categories. It's a really nice categorization. If you don't pay him says the lowest
category is sins, animalistic sins. And he goes the most obvious examples are the sins of the
stomach and the sins of the private part. And that's the lowest category you just act like animals
eat and drink without any haram and halal or take the Shaohua without any haram and headed this is
animalistic, higher than this what was the second one?
		

			predatorial predatorial light attacking animals right? So predatorial is you take the rights of
other people you are attacking hurting you are last Vianney, you know stealing whatnot. This is
predatorial This is the second category higher than this shape Onyx sins. shaytaan ik sins are for
example, what is the sin of Iblees?
		

			Arrogance what else?
		

			Jealousy, jealousy to feel jealousy. Right? What else? Call it misleading misguiding calling people
to deviancy right that is shaytaan a category of sins, okay. And then the highest category of sins
is trying to act as if you're competing with Allah for our Nick type sins and our bakoma Allah and
this is acting tyrannical juggle route acting as if you are the one in charge that arrogance that
leads to a level of, of of tyranny that is the highest category of sin. So these are a good
categorization. The final point we conclude with our profit so I said I'm set in an authentic
hadith, my shefa is meant for the people who commit major sins in my ummah in Nisha it the al Qaeda
		

			at min Amati what does this hadith mean? This hadith isn't reported in Timothy and then Muslim and
Muhammad and others in authentic hadith. What does this hadith mean in Nashua it the al Qaeda at min
Amati does this mean that we have open license to commit kabbah obviously not our profit so let it
solicit them is saying that who needs the shofar, the righteous the salah Hain they're getting to
Jana anyway. My shefa is meant for the sinners of my Oma. It is meant to give hope to the sinners,
that hate. Don't give up, turn to Allah. Don't give up if you committed sins, don't give up turn to
Allah subhanho wa Taala repent to Allah turn over and you leave and Allah azza wa jal will forgive
		

			you through the shafa of the Prophet sallallahu sallam. It's not meant to justify committing major
sins, it is meant to give hope to the sinners never lose hope of Allah's mercy. The Prophet SAW
Selim shefa will be for the entire Ummah, including those who committed major sins if they are
worthy of it, and when will they be worthy of it when they turn to Allah and ask for forgiveness? So
to conclude, brothers and sisters all sins major or minor in the Lucha yo food with little by Jimmy,
as one of the self said there is no Kabira which is still far there is no Kabira which is still far
when you do is still far even the Kabira is wiped away. So you turn to Allah you ask for forgiveness
		

			and you turn over a new leaf but you have to also be academically aware when you commit a Khedira it
is not the same
		

			As a lira and a Kabira is a different category of sins requires a special repentance. As for the
Sahira Be careful nobody's trivializing them. But understand when you are righteous when you are
doing will do praying five times a day fasting Ramadan in sha Allah you have hope. Don't become
complacent but you have hope that your good deeds will absolve your mind or deeds. May Allah subhana
wa Tada forgive us all of any computers where they've committed and allow our good deeds to consume.
Our smaller sins will outgrow that I wanted hamdu Lillahi Rabbil Alameen wa salam ala who has said
to them about a character Mohamed Anwar, he was time
		

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			me, Ms. Dahiya doll Seanie one
		

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