Tom Facchine – Beginning Classical Arabic Lesson 19
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The transcript is a jumbled mix of segments with no clear context or topic, including a variety of topics including the relationship between the Prophet sallaviat and the people, the importance of Islam, and the proper ending of words. The speakers discuss various examples and phrases used in English, including "monster" and "open." They also touch on the differences between the past tense "naught" and the current "naught" in Arabic, as well as the use of "naught" in Arabic for actions, such as opening a door or a can.
AI: Summary ©
This one out in front of
us a lot
of even if it wasn't
a lot of power no one
was in the element yet
so
let's get the livestream done
Gordon
let's pick up where we left off
is everybody able to the video is okay the sound is okay I just got a notification that
the connection was unstable all right
so we have completed through nine
let's go on to number 10 Someone from the shake family
Minh
your wallet do Anna
new Abbas and
who are you? Oh, boy
no I am
I am Abbas.
Son of our best our best son
Okay, so
we have
then and yeah, what to do? And that's
I like your hesitation because it showed us that, you know, there's a cultural sort of thing going on here something that would maybe be
fine find in Arabic that isn't necessarily as automatically fie in English. So literally, who are you? Oh, child, or oh son or Oh boy. Right, which is
not quite what we would say in English but in Arabic. No problem. Yeah. What? Actually in Saudi Arabia, you hear this all the time? If there's a young person boy on the street that you don't know. You're gonna hear it? Yeah. What? Like, Hey, boy, and you did a fantastic job with all the Hellcats here how she said first of all, she said and then I'm going to get back to her on that she didn't say men.
And so which is the pronoun, detached pronoun, detached subject pronoun for you. Singular. And then we use here the
harmful Nida? Yeah, well, and she knew that while normally Well, it would be well, a dune. If it's being used with part of this
evocative particle, I think is the technical term for it, it will lose its 10 week. So
she said, yeah, what I do, instead of Yeah, what I've done. And that was completely 100%. Correct. Just as significantly when we got to the other side, the answer, Anna. And then she hesitated. And it's almost wanted to say it new starting a new word. But then she realized that is trying to get her to string these two words together. And so she backed up and said, an avenue and Avenue, which is correct. The Hamza tawassul. Here is being, I should say, occurs in the middle of our speech, and therefore we skipped over it. And we have to connect what comes before and what comes after it. So she said, up, no, embarrassing, which is 100% Correct. Now,
how did you know explain to the class how did you know that this was men and not men?
It's a question first of all, and then if you read the rest of it, who are you so man is who you couldn't be men from from or in? Who are you? You know, in child. It doesn't make sense translating.
Fantastic. Now I'm going to ask you just some grammar questions about the answer to the question and have no i Besant. First of all, what type of sentence are we dealing with here? Yes.
Me or Leah?
Is Mia,
what's the book today?
Yes, fantastic. And so the hover is the entire phrase if no, I best. Okay? This is a passive construction she knew to make it part of the possessive construction in the genitive case, which is shown with the castle on the scene. And she also knew that the Ibn would be Monteforte because it is part of the hub, there's nothing to make it not metaphor.
However, it would only have one longer because it was the first part of the possessive construction. Right? So this little tiny question response combines the three basic things that they're trying to teach in this lesson. Because that's the construction. How funny that like calling out the buckets of particle and the cons, it's a muscle and how to pronounce it. And she did a fantastic job. Someone else from the chef family tackle number 11.
world known Wen Hua Hua
Hua mu holidayme.
Can you translate that?
And
who are who are you?
And who is he? And he is clearly
very close. It's not just who is whose son? Oh, yeah.
So Whose son is he? And then the responses is probably. Mashallah, what's our only clue? So, this is this is very tricky to translate. The only clue we have to tell us that is that Ibn has a one Bulma and not to
write the fact that it
means that what this is it new men is actually a possessive construction.
Right. The first part is the part that is being possessed. The second part is the part that is doing the possessing, how come?
We don't see a casserole on the end of men.
Can anybody answered in the either in the chat box or with a microphone? Why don't we have a casserole on men?
It's the same as the
first question. It's a who it's not an in
write, that addresses the first letter of the of the word, which is mean. I'm saying the last letter the noon. Right. Didn't we say that the second part of a possessive construction like if no OB bear sin has to have a Kessler? What's going on with here? I'm trying to tell you or I'm trying to sell you on the fact that IGNOU men is a possessive construction. Just like if no I best it is and the answers in the chat box. Yes, because men is men need it is fixed. It is in decline of all it does not change
dramatically.
Because it is not the dumb might is this sukoon man aspect. Thank you very much, Eric. Because it is med me Allah sukoon. Exactly. It is fixed upon its sukoon men is always going to have sukoon all the live long day. Very good.
But don't let that fool you that this is not a possessive construction, if no men is just as much a possessive construction as if no, I best. Well, then you could ask well wait a second. How do I break down this sentence like this doesn't look like Joomla is MIA or Jim looking at Leah or anything that I've seen before? Well, this is an example where we have a simple sentence that you can recognize, but it's been reordered in order to demonstrate emphasis, so the default sentence is Hua IGNOU men who have new men, right? He is whose son.
However, we want to de emphasize who and we want to emphasize whose son and so this is a situation where we are allowed to switch them.
Who is still moved to that if no man is the hub, but we've reversed them in a question to emphasize what
Isn't we're asking.
We're more curious about who his father is than who he is. Right? And so can we answer who Web? No, call it in. Now, going back to
the dean, for
just a couple of questions. Where is our move to the in that sentence?
Or very good. And where's our hub?
If they'll call it good, and why does how they didn't have two customers at the end of it
it makes sense.
Right?
Oh, I have a customer because of the the construction of the synth, but the names have played to
you completely
complimentary, just like we're supposed to be. So Holly, then it has any customer at all, because it is part of a possessive construction. Which part of the possessive construction? It's the second part, which is the one that's doing the possessive. Why does it have to customize because it's a masculine proper noun? Right, which I heard you say in the first instance very, very good. Excellent job. Moving right along to rather than Mohammed thought it could you try to tackle the longest one I think in the this exercise number 12.
I think you read muted yourself.
Unmute Hello, I can you can you hear me? Sorry about that. Sorry. I must you do have a school license. Allahu alayhi wa salam. We were we were filling Medina till Luminova T. Fashola. Excellent job. I'm going to quiz you on one thing. What is the proper ending of the word Rasul? Is it a Bama? Or is it a decimal? Is it isn't Dima
who agrees with him? Say yes in the chat chat box if you agree with him that it's Obama saying no in the chat box if you think that it's a casserole
let's see what comes in
Arabic by Democracy
Okay, Ooh, good at the telephone earlier that we have a difference of opinion to say it said yes. I'll start right says no.
Shake family Your vote is the last one to be counted
Okay, in the meantime, while we wait for them to Oh che finally says no, it's a customer. Okay, so we're split half and half. Half of the class says it's the latter half of the class is customer good.
Either we'll have a topic or someone from the safe family. Tell me why should Rasul have a bomber what part of speech isn't that it would have a bummer.
Like a club or is it you know those sorts of things?
Because it's a part of like, must you do?
Yeah, if mosquito hedges the manga food also has to be done. Ma Osgood. What's the relationship between the Prophet sallallahu Sallam and the message?
That's another question to ask. Let's see from the Say it Say it's what do you have an answer? Why does my soul have a bomba?
I thought we're talking about specific Majid of Rasulullah. So it's part of it. Okay. It's part of it. So
Rasool is part of machine. You mean it's like a an adjective. Is that weird? Is that what you mean?
Probably. Okay. Oh, good. The rule that that rule is correct. It adjectives in Arabic, they follow. They follow the words that they come after in grammar. So that rule is correct. Now, I want someone from the opposite camp to justify their opinion that it should be a customer here. Muscle rots. What do you think?
Um, I don't know the technical word. But um,
So So, student Allah, that's already a possessive construction. And then Masjid of the resume. That's another possessive construction. And so, what you told us is that we put the Dhamma on the first word and then everything that follows this customer.
Oh
says relations
this is the two opinions. If we say a Shafi says halal and haram, these are our two opinions. Opinion. One is that the relationship between Michigan lawsuit is that of an adjective, in which case, but also we'll have a bummer because machine has a bone. The second opinion is that a soul has to have a catalogue because the relationship between mesothelioma Sue is one of possession.
That's
the message is possessed by the prophesy centum.
If not literally meaning his property then by what we call the sauce like it's his in distinction, we could say, Okay.
Does anybody want to change their vote at this point?
Has anybody been convinced by the other side?
Or is everyone doubling down?
Okay, it makes sense what they're saying. But I think this is more like, in the sense of name of this Majid rather than
someone
have a property of someone else or possession of something? Right? Good. Okay, excellent. There's one thing in the sentence that tells the difference between these two, whether it's the relationship of
whether it's the relationship of adjective,
or the relationship of possession,
and that is, how, well let's say the presence or absence of a 10 wean on messaging.
Yes, and it's not your fault. You haven't studied adjectives yet? We'll get there soon. If the relationship between mesquite and Rasul were the relationship between adjective describing something, then it would have to follow it not just in whether it's Obama or that's our castle, but it would have to follow it whether it's
Neptune, or Mati. So if we have this word
by itself, the word is messed up doing is that not true? Right by itself, like forget the rest of the sentence, the word would be messed up don't because there's no Elif man.
Right? You would have to be misleading.
So the folks that say Obama have to answer a question, why did it lose? Why did it lose one bummer if it's not possessed?
If it were, the relationship of an adjective and a thing being described by an adjective than it would have to be mess Jean doin, rasool and it would originally be Rasul loan, but then it would disappear from Rasul into just one because Rasul we know is possessed by Allah. However, in this sentence,
MSG, it has one vomit taken away from it, which indicates that it is possessed by it also.
And so this cannot be alone, but it has to be customer.
And we have a double possessive construction, the message of the prophets of Allah,
the message of the Prophet of Allah, we're going to be really ridiculous with an literal English translation.
In English, the way that we idiomatically translate it obfuscates and hides this reality we say the prophets message.
Right? So it's not clear but if we're to tear it, tease it out. The message of the Prophet of Allah
and so, this has to be
Kessler ain MSG who will also lead he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and then the rest of the Sun it was perfect. Who are feeling Medina until mono one or two. The first one has a casserole because of the preposition fee. The second one oh, this is good. This is good. The second one has a cassava.
Because it follows the first one here we have our adjective. El Medina totally we'll know what are two or in this case, field Medina t we will know
What our team, notice how, and we again, we haven't studied, this is coming, I think in the next lesson. Ali flam, le, flam Khasra. Customer, one customer, one customer. If the relationship is adjective and thing being described, it has to match in all these things. There's four things, that's just three of them. It has to match whether it is definite or indefinite. It has to match with whether it's cassava or bedtime or Obama.
So here we have an example. Here we have an example of adjective thing being described by the item. And over here, the proper relationship is one of possession. A and msg do rustling. Aloha, can
you? Oh, you can't hear me. Oh, it's from time to
time
everybody hear me now. Sorry about that. I was booted from the from the room
there is no sound. There's no sound even now.
Very strange sound, but it's
strange.
I don't know what's going on with the internet tonight. Sorry about that. My apologies.
Okay, I'm going to cut the live stream. Just because I don't want it to be draining us. Let's see if that makes a difference.
Okay, so
that was a very,
very educational sentence.
And I'm glad that
I'm glad that we had the opportunity to go over it together. Just the final point on this hula is the milk to that, right. Fetal Medina to know what it that's the hub that should be pretty easy. So we can see now that our hover can get quite long if we really want it to it doesn't have to be limited to one or two words. It depends on what we're trying to accomplish what we're trying to say about our subject. Fantastic, great job. Okay, number 13. Down to a Southern rock. Oh,
what I said about which thing?
Oh, good. Okay, so this is just a preview because we're going to go over this in a couple lessons. Inshallah, is that the relationship here between El Medina and Elmo now what is the relationship between an adjective and the thing that an adjective describes, we could maybe coin a term describe her described or something like that. So the rules for such a thing are that it has to agree in several things, it has to agree in whether it's definite or not mowdy for Nikita. So that's why this has an ally flag. And this has an ally flag. It has to agree in number, whether it is singular, or plural, this is singular, this is singular. It has to agree in gender, whether it is feminine or
masculine, here it's feminine, feminine. And it finally has to agree in it all it has to agree in the vowel ending. So we have one casserole here, and we have one casserole here, we have not learned that you're not responsible for knowing that that just happened to come up. In this particular example, we're going to learn that formally.
Not in the near future in sha Allah. So those are the rules for adjective and thing being described by an adjective, whereas what we've been learning is the relationship between possessor and possessed. Right, it takes away the 10 we have the possessed and it makes the possessor miserable with a castle.
Very good. Okay, we're on to does that.
Did that come through?
Like Fair enough?
Okay, so go ahead. My son Watson do number 13 for us.
Been to Hamilton? Phil mother austerity was been to Muhammadan Phil Jeremy it.
Great job. Okay, so what type of sentence are we dealing with?
Joomla is meal was to Joomla two
First one, the Muqtada is going to harm it.
And the second I'm sorry, the harbor is
Phil monstrosity. And then the second one the
move to that is been to Muhammad and the rubber is fitted Jamia? That's fantastic. Okay. Been to hand again. And they have two customers because they are proper masculine names.
Very good. Oh, and translate that for us. All right.
Harmons daughter is in school I guess. And from Ed's daughter is in university. All right. Excellent. And this could both mean literally or figuratively in Arabic, it could mean that that's where they're located right now. In which case we in English would not use the preposition in we would use x. Right like Hammonds daughter is at school. Muhammad's daughter is at the university or it could mean their level of study. If someone's asking them like in which case we would also use in
very good songs from the say is number 14.
Okay
small Madera. See, they don't
know what's. What's more. Mohan B. C. Harlan done. Fantastic. What is the My only correction on your pronunciation is Modena Reese?
Just picked that up from Austin.
So translate that for us.
The
teacher's name is
see, the teacher's name is C. And the engineers. My name is Colin. Yes. Excellent work. Good job. What type of sentences are we dealing with? Here? Is Mia or
is Mia? Very good. What's the subject of the sentence? Or what's the move to that? Let's just look at the first half.
Yeah, it's, if
it's more than Madera. See. Yes, this was more than we see. Very good.
The whole possessive construction is the subject. Right? The teacher's name? What are we saying about the teacher's name? It is say here or in the case of the second one, the engineers name. What is the engineers name? It is called it giving information about somebody's name. Very, very good.
Okay. Rather mustn't go ahead and do number 15. Oh, look, he gets
a dolly be runny urine. Very good. We have not talked about this word. I think it's the first time it comes. This means uncle.
Okay.
Turtle uncle, I should say in Arabic, like in many languages, they distinguish between paternal and maternal uncles.
So, an im as opposed to Han is a
paternal uncle. All right, that over here.
Very good. Okay. So let's go ahead and translate that sentence horse.
Students uncle is rich. Very good. Okay. Now, I heard you say I'm not following up.
With that.
Are you? Are you confident that that's the first time?
The way you're saying it's probably not?
Yeah, it's not a very good, open ended question. Right.
So, what's okay, let me let's go backwards. We'll come around to the question that the answer naturally, what is the move to the other sentence?
Or
just the first word. Oh, the, with a mythology. Yeah, very good. So the whole the whole possessive construction. Here's this guy. It's the student's uncle. And he's the subject here. He's who we're going to give some information about what information we're going to tell you that he is rich shots about a cola so
What is the default grammatical case? For the? Is it monocoat? Is it Medrol? Is it men so
it's dama.
Korea, which means that it hasn't done the which means that
everything is monitored for until proven otherwise, just like you're innocent. proven guilty. If it's if we're in the milk today or in the hubbub, the subject or the predicate, every word is going to be marked for with a llama until proven otherwise. Here's a situation with a body where, okay, it's proven otherwise. Why? Because it's the second part of a possessive construction. But the first part of the possessive construction, there's nothing before it. That would change it from having been Obama. So the correct way to read is on will fall EB on EU and that keeps in line that way we can tell that this is moved to that model. Cool. Very good.
Okay, back to the top brother monotonically. You need number 16
Hello, did you hear me? Oh no, I think you were muted. Sorry. But barbel must be the Maffetone bobble madrasa T Mobile Akun Very good. Can you translate that for us?
Bible must do the math to I don't know the meaning of to whom?
Okay, very good. Let's write this in here. So math tool means are you right? We haven't learned that word yet. Open, open, okay. The door of the masjid is open.
And the door of the school is closed. Fantastic. Mashallah. Yes. All right. So he read that completely correct. MashAllah said bad will mess up the sound he had that with a llama because it's the milk to that. The first half of the milk to that the entire possessive construction of the milk to that
myth. So that's our Hubbard. That's what we're telling you about what's so special about Babylon, Mississippi, what do we want to communicate? We want to communicate that it's open, left to and you guys should recognize that this comes from the verb stem fair to her, which means he opened. Okay, so that's, uh huh. He opened fatty opener.
Right, we can make
Neff tour. Okay, well, why don't we just get into a little bit of morphology then? With five minutes left? Sure. Let's do it. So, I think I mentioned before this concept called is smooth, smooth, buried or isn't buried. Basically, how do we take a three letter roots?
Uh huh. And we make it into the doer of an action. In English, we do this with er, okay, or sometimes just to say, I baked a cake.
I am a baker. Right? Somebody who habitually and regularly bakes cakes, you slap an R or an E R on the end, and it makes somebody who does that action repeatedly or, predictably. The way to achieve this in Arabic is to take the three letter roots. And to put it on the wasn't fair. To put it on the pattern, let's say so Fetta Ha, is the past tense verb becomes t
31. The opener. Okay.
Sounds like there's a pattern, special pattern and that knowing these patterns is part of the discipline of morphology. It's part of studying any language
is the is some
meth rule.
Oops.
I did not expect to get into this today, but we're here. Meth rule. Okay. This is the past participle. Okay? What's the relationship between open? He opened opener and then the adjective or past partner
Support opened. It is opened. It's was opened.
Receiver. Very good. That's a nice translation of this from the floor. So we have here adjectives can be on the pattern of the essence balyan. Well, I totally spelled that wrong in my trying to speak and write at the same time.
Or they can be on the pattern of the essence of rude if there may have received the action method to.
And we have the same thing with mobile app good.
Mobile iPhone, which you can probably guess means closed from all Fr.
Any questions? Yes? Is that a question? Actually, it's a we speak different language called Urdu.
And although an English, Urdu and Arabic has the same letters, but the words have different meaning, for example, here is enough to in our language 40 or Fatah is different meaning totally different meaning it means that invader Oh, well, even an Arabic it can figuratively mean invader.
But the original meaning is to open why do they also call like fancy the conqueror? I think was like one of the famous like Ottoman
conquerors, right? Yes.
Because it opened new lands, right or opened a certain city to siege or things like that. So we have a literal meaning. That's
never literal meaning and over time, it became attached with a historic with a figurative meaning. And sometimes people use the figurative and they don't use the literal anymore. In Arabic, we still use both I don't know about what to do, maybe you guys exclusively use the figurative meaning. But Arabic, we still use both, you can say that's a half if you open the door, or open a can or whatever. And you can also say that's to indicate a conquest or some sort of military thing. Very good. Excellent. Thank you for that contribution. I'm moving on to the Oh. So, check family you want to repeat which thing
the root word of the open the door, excellent, good. Every Arabic word can be traced back to a root word, okay. The root word has three letters. And it is a past tense verb, okay. So that Taha literally means he opened.
But that is the morphologically speaking, the base roots word from which we can derive 1015 words or more? Right? How do we derive other types of words from the
third person past tense verb, through knowing what the patterns are, I just introduced you to two of those patterns. One of those patterns is called an essence bear. So the Fed is part that's your pattern.
And the second pattern is called Essam meth rule.
And that's your second pattern. And that's rule.
So if you take your three letter roots, and you manipulate it, and change it to fit this pattern, then you're going to get a word, a new word that exists on that pattern with a specific type of meaning. So, this pattern is sometimes is for the doer of a verb, especially if that verb is done habitually or regularly. So if we want to make a noun that indicates this verb, that's a hot opener.
Regularly or predictably, then we would put it on this pattern that fatty,
fatty
a lot of a lot of names, especially male names come from this ideal
from either which means to be just, even I Aisha, the feminine version. Ah
Eesh needs to live tack on a time on gluten and that means female.
Living, sprightly lively, right?
So there's that. And then the second pattern is is some the rule which is the past participle that means not as opposed to up here, not one who is constantly doing this action, but something that is
is or has had that action already done to it left to
open
yes good example another essence that is solid, lots of names especially male names are on this pattern of SM fat
so we have enough to
miss rural happy and then so on and so forth. This is not a formal taking on of this topic this is just to introduce you and to put the idea in your head because this is how Arabic works. You learn the base the root word, you learn the patterns you apply and you can have fun. It's a very very organized language.
And it
you learn the rules and you apply the rules for the most part. Good we're running over time let's just finish these last how many do
we have four Okay, let's just try to finish these four. Okay.
Shake family can you do 17
Loup hammy then the theory
and that is the comments on is poor. Oh, close. It's It's It's maternal uncle Uncle. Oh, okay. Because if it were
the aunt it would have a timer button it would become color color turn just like on it would be on that soon. We'll get there later. This is maternal uncle con call to ham you didn't appear on very good the monitor that Carlu hammy then what is he? He's poor at the year on May Allah bless as well. Next one.
Let's go to
bye Brother's here. Could you do at
the two thing Phil.
So the very good fish
the
a shot it is the street.
Okay,
street or road. Okay, a shattered and that is also on this pattern that I have shut off.
Good. Say y'all two ambassadors to that. That's why I say Auto has a Bama is part of possessive construction, which means it's only going to have one lumber. Fish shadek Where is it? It's in the street.
And that's the cover. Very good.
Okay.
Sister, masala ROTC if you've never done it.
It Newman into
an avenue and Abdul Muda. This
is C sorry. And I've been within the C. Great job. So just for the sake of time, I'm going to
ask him a question.
And this is our possessive construction.
Technically, this is the move to the here ends up if Numen is the hub, but because we're emphasizing we're changing it around. Not so important with questions. Here. It's straightforward. Anna, is the move to that.
If no modality C is the hover it's an a possessive construction and so l modality C only has one castle. Good and someone from the same family. You can do rock paper scissors to the side who if you want
number 20?
I know Kobe.
Calvo sorry, I know Cal Gu Cova da, da, da per se yesterday. Fantastic. Mashallah. And good teamwork there. So Al caribou? Where is the dog? So It tricked it threw me for a curveball because it's way simpler than all the other questions in the whole exercise. All the other ones. Were using possessive constructions. And so we're waiting for it waiting for it waiting for now is we just have a straight where is it? Right al caribou? Hola dog is masculine here. TAFTA under I think we talked about that before. The se o t. And this is a possessive construction. Move to that. Oops. draw that right there.
Who is the motor that TAF the CRT is the column
fantastic job.
We're overtime. Thank you for everybody for your patience in this thing. Anybody have any questions?
Starting next week on Wednesday, we will be moving the class an hour later, because the pair of times are now getting later. Okay. So it's been starting at 7pm. Eastern Standard Time. It's going to be starting next week, Wednesday 8pm. Eastern Standard Time. As for the Saturday class, this week, it's going to be at its normal time 11pm Eastern time. Next the following week, it's going to be an hour earlier, inshAllah 10am. Okay, so we're going the days expanding in both directions and the classes shifting in both directions as well. Oh, boy dates. I'm not that on top of things that I know what date is,
is next Wednesday.
But I'll trust you and say that it's the
next Wednesday is the Yes. So February 3, and February 6, are the first classes upon the new time.
Right. So this week's classes are all upon the old time. Okay.
And I'll send an email out to everybody. So you have that information at hand inshallah. Okay, fantastic job. Very, very happy with this class. Everybody's doing amazing work. And I hope that you are feeling the reward of,
of learning a new language, especially Arabic and how much you've been able to understand in just a short amount of time. This is page
30. We've already done 30 pages, and we've learned a lot in those 30 pages. So excellent work, keep up the good job. And I will see you next time in sha Allah.
Yeah, we can do a review class. That's a good idea. We can do a review class. I'll try to look for a time I mean, this this class is fairly long. Excuse me, not class. This lesson is fairly long. So we'll at least get to the end of this class. Before doing our review class. That's a good idea. Brother Mohammed Tzadik. You you had something to say?
Yeah, it was very enlightening. If we have a little bit more examples from the Quran, like you have done in the past.
relates more. Yeah. Thanks for the feedback. I will try to incorporate more examples from operand always a good thing. Shot Thank you.
Okay, I'll see you all next time to show us that and like more