A Guide to Hajj Step By Step – Part 1
Omar Suleiman – Step By Step Guide to Hajj – Part 1
AI: Summary ©
The speakers emphasize the importance of hedging and following laws and regulations to avoid getting caught in a loop. They stress the need to avoid getting caught in a loop and to practice safe practices, such as following specific rules and avoiding crowded places. They also touch on the use of unscented hand sanitizer and garments for men and women, as well as the use of unscented soap and soap during hunting and cutting or plucking hair.
AI: Summary ©
You'll go to hedge and your hedge group leader,
you know, is telling you something different than what you heard. And in fact, you might even be in my group in particular, and there's another shift that's leading a different package. But then in Mina, all the different, you know, messiahs get mixed up. And so suddenly you have a lot of panic and confusion, because one ship is saying, I need to do this, the other ship is saying, I need to do that. It is absolutely crucial that you stick to one scholar throughout the entire hedge process. Before enduring, you need to make sure that you're sticking to one scholar, otherwise, you're going to be in panic mode, I can always tell people that before you get to Mina, that in Mina in
particular, in those tents, that's where everyone starts to get into a lot of confusion, because everyone gets exposed to everybody else. And so you're going to hear from this teacher and hear from that. And so it's really important for you to understand Charlotte's either stick to one scholar throughout the entire process of hedge. And that starts from now because you know, a lot of times you go to a website, you don't know what type of website you're on. And you get really, really, really confused. Now the guide that we're going through his head step by step, so it's actually on Hillel hedges website. So you can go to hedge package usa.com. And you can print out the hedge step
by step, the guide that I'm actually going through, I put it together a few years ago, and Chatelet, tada, it's something that you could actually keep with you, throughout the hedge process.
You know, just in case you you you forget something that we went over here in sha Allah, you could carry it around with you.
You know, I there is no app for this in particular, but you could have it on your phone in sha Allah tada so that you can go back to it whenever you need to throughout the Hajj process. But anyway, before you go, there are some just important essentials. To keep in mind when you're talking about hedge. Number one, obviously renew your intentions. But what is renew your intentions mean when it comes to hedge. There are many stories that we have from our pious predecessors of people that actually went to hedge and their hedge was not accepted. Whereas there were other people that made the intention to go to hedge. And they were not able to but Allah accepted their hedge. your
intention is everything here. As one of the the seller said one of the pious predecessors said, How many bodies make the off around the capital without hearts, while others have their hearts making fell off around the Capitol without bodies. You know, so some people are there and they're doing throw off, but their hearts are not there. Whereas some people are watching it on TV. They're, they're following along the way, they really wanted to go to Hajj, but they were financially not capable of doing so they were stopped by some other reason. But their hearts are there. And so Allah subhanaw taala accepts their heads from them, even though they were not able to get there. So there
are many different stories that we can that we can take from and draw from that I don't they frankly, don't have time to go into right now. But realize the importance of really having this intention here. You also might be going to hedge but you don't make it too much. You know, loss penalty takes your life before then we're not guaranteed to live for another two weeks. So to have that sincerity and shallots out of that intention to actually make hedge is the way that you assure yourself of the reward. Obviously, why you're doing hedge you tell yourself why you're doing hedge from now you're doing it for the sake of a lie, you're doing it for forgiveness, you're doing it to
fulfill an obligation. Try to really get your sincerity down now, because if you don't have your sincerity with you, you're not going to be able to tolerate the difficulties of hedge. And you could go there and spend all this money and spend all that time and come back absolutely empty handed. You know, I'll give you guys one story, which is very, very powerful, loving robotic Latino, Latina, who used to go out to hedge every other year.
And in one particular year, he went out to hedge and he saw this dream of his and in this dream he saw two angels discussing the situation of the head judge that year. And one Angel saying to the other Angel, you know Subhanallah out of all of these people that come that have come to Hajj Not a single one of them was worthy of acceptance. So I'm loving Ladakh Rahim Allah He woke up and he was, you know, he was sweating. He was distressed by what he saw in his dream. And then he went, you know, he prayed to Allah subhanho wa Taala. And he went back to sleep and he saw a dream and the other Angel responded and said, But Allah Subhana Allah forgave all of them and accepted all of
their hedge because of Ali Adnan move from a sham, a man by the name of Alibaba and move from a sham and he was actually from Damascus. So he woke up and I've long Radek went to the people who came from Syria that year, and he said, his ideas gonna move amongst you. He didn't know who he was. They said, Who's you know, they said, I live in and most of you mean you know, the guy that repairs people's shoes and
I don't know who he is tell me about him. So he said, leave me more fit. There's someone that repair shoes in Damascus and he's been trying to save up money his entire life to go to Hajj. And so finally this year, he saved up enough money. But when he went to bid farewell to his neighbors, he found them in poverty. So he gave his money to his neighbors. And when he asked Allah subhanaw taala to accept from him, he was very distressed that he couldn't go out to hedge that year, but he thought he did the right thing, you know that his neighbors were really in need of that money at that time. And he asked the last panel to accept how on the sincerity of his question, or the
sincerity of his request, that he wanted to be accepted by Allah was so great that a last pentatonic accepted, obviously his hedge and on and because of that acceptance, everyone got the benefit of that. So this man didn't even go right and this is just a story to remind ourselves of that, you know, it's really about it's really about the the the degree in sha Allah tala of which you want to be forgiven by a loss of 100 ties, so renew your intentions. This number two is meeting your friends and family and asking for forgiveness. You don't want to be held back. You know, when it comes to your your head or anything, because you have a graduate someone or because you've you've, you've
hurt somebody, or oppressed someone or transgressed against someone. This is the same message that we give before Ramadan. And hedges is, you know,
a far more rare Riba than Ramadan is, you're not going to do Hajj as much as you're going to do it on mobile. But we know that the Prophet slicin, I mentioned to us that Allah Subhana, Allah would see two people that are calling and the last penalty would not look at their deeds until they reconcile amongst one another until they make peace amongst themselves. So this is the time to really ask people for forgiveness. You know, if you know that there's something between you and somebody else, some some sort of transgression, you don't want to go to heads and then have that all held back from a loss of hundreds out because you harm someone. And your ego prevented you from
seeking forgiveness. So truly seek forgiveness from people and show love before you go. Number three is to pay all debts. So seeking forgiveness is paying debts in the spiritual sense.
You know, number three is to financially pay those debts, if you can, inshallah. Tada. Now, just from a filty perspective, a jurisprudence perspective, someone might ask, Can I go to Hajj if I have a debt? A revolving debt? So for example, I pay, you know, monthly on my house, you know, can I still go to hedge having that debt? The answer is yes, because you're going to hedge will not affect your monthly payment, if you will. Now, let's say I, you know, I owe somebody money. But at the same time, you know, I want to go to hedge in that situation, you know, you want to make sure, obviously, that, that you know, that the person that you owe money to, is aware of that, you know, and you need
to seek their permission in a way. And what that means is that they have a greater right to be paid back, then you're going to hedge at that point. So you want to make sure if you owe somebody money, and you're able to go to hedge that they understand that you seek their for their permission to do so. And that it's not going to lead to an unnecessary delay in you paying that person back. So you still should go to hedge and shot lots if you can, but at the same time, you know, especially with revolving debt, which is the nature of most debt that we have today, if there's something that's due, then make sure that this isn't going to lead to a delay in the to sought permission from the
debtor. Number four is to prepare your wasthe or to have your will done this is something that's obligatory on a Muslim regardless to have their will done, but realize that you're literally going to hedge with this mindset that you're not coming back. That's that's how it works. That's part of the spirituality of it moved to Atlanta move to that you die before you actually die. You are mimicking the stages of death. So you really need to get your will in place before you leave and Chatelet sided to hedge and that's an obligation,
with or without hedge. I also here have here that there are two very important apps to download. There's an app called hedge Salaam. And there is another app called My dear fortress of the Muslim.
So had Salaam is one of those step by step hedge apps. It's pretty good if you're going to have a smartphone with you. And another app is my dear and my dear basically is this fortress of the Muslim. It's a little book which is fortress of the Muslim, authentic supplications from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, from the Sunnah of the Prophet slicin. I'm heslin Muslim. So there's an app for it. And if you don't want to have the app, if you don't have a smartphone with you during that time, then just buy the little book. It's a little Handbook, fortress of the Muslim so it has, especially it has the dress for hygiene and aroma. And it has just different directions that you can
benefit from in different categories as you're going through the process. It really comes in handy for example, on the day of alpha
You know, if you're looking for, you know, just different you're asked to go through. Because believe me on the day of autoflow people do run out of gas at some point, you know, it's a few hours. So especially if that's your first time and you're not accustomed to making your app for six hours straight, right, you might run out of door as at some point, but you don't want to stop making your app. And so if you want to actually like take a moment to read some of the authentic applications of the profits, license them for different things, it's a very good resource to have in chat bots on some of your preparation tips
from from a prescription medication and I'm not a doctor here, but um, you know, there are two to two drugs that you're going to hear about quite a bit and hadj. One of them is amoxil, amoxicillin and the other ones, zero Meisner, zithromax. So people would be prescribing that like right and left, obviously, because people tend to get sick before the hedge days actually start, especially people that are overzealous and try to overexert themselves before the hedge days actually start they go so strong, from you know, the first of the hedge until the hedge days that they're just absolutely exhausted and worn out and sick by the time the actual heads process starts.
But you know, it's good to have over over the counter medication just for different things, inshallah tada to really try to boost your immune system as much as possible. So to really be regular with your vitamin C,
you know, and you could have your Sudafed and your chloraseptic spray and whatever it may be, during that time in sha Allah to Allah,
Vaseline to apply to the inner thighs, for the men wearing Islam in particular, that's very, very important, that is going to be your best friend inshallah. So make sure that you get that, that you have that before you go or you get it over there. Before we you know, if you've got a Medina first package, before you head out to Mecca, make sure that you actually have that,
you know, just be conscious of the type of clothes that you're going to wear while you're there, having those light material phobes. And just having those cheap plastic slippers
that you can buy even in the street over there. And Medina, you know, in particular, those are those come in handy while you're there. Even if you're not typically, especially to the brothers now, by the way, if you're not typically a thorough person, you're not typically someone that would wear one of these, it's very convenient with the type of weather over there and the type of environment for you to just have those light material folds and shallots on it to wear.
While you're going around, of course, you could buy some of those when you're actually in Medina, when it comes to your
towels, okay, and they literally are towels
if you're flying to just the first because if you're flying to jet, the obviously, you're going to need to be an alarm on the plane, because you're flying over a lot. So you're going to land in your home,
make sure you you pack your home, in your carry on bag, because that happens to a ton of people that their home gets lost in their luggage, and they you know, they connect somewhere on the way and then they end up wondering where their helmets so make sure that you pack it in your carry on and Charlottetown otherwise you can buy it in Medina. So there's no short I guarantee you Medina will not run out of a home
in the hedge days.
So that's just something to keep in mind over there to you know, you can buy. So you can wear as many homes as you you want. Meaning it's you know, your home is a state, it's not necessarily it's not the towels or the clothes that you know the towels that you're going to be wearing. So you can have two or three pairs of it so that when it gets really dirty, you know, you're not going to have access to you know, to to get it washed, then you can easily just put on a different set. And obviously, it's good to have an emergency backup one just in case, you know, something happens to the one that you're wearing inshallah Tada.
You know, they also have those alarm belts, which are very, very helpful to hold your alarm in place, those are totally permissible. They have safety pins that you can actually buy here as well. But just keeping safety pins and chocolates on especially to hold your thumb in place. That's something that can that can definitely be used. One thing I would avoid.
And the vast majority of scholars don't permit this are the alarms that have the buttons in place. So they seem very convenient, but it actually defeats the purpose of alarm in some way to have alarms that are like shirts that have buttons and things of that sort so it's better to leave it all together. And at the most you could use some safety pins in Charlottetown to hold it in place.
You know when you need to move it around and things of that sort.
One thing as well so you know, don't bring a lot of money. Don't bring a lot of credit cards, don't bring a you don't need to have all of those things. Just have one card and have a little bit of cash and shallots to get yourself through. It becomes
very inconvenient. I tell people listen, I know that it sounds crazy but if you can go to Hajj with a carry on and make it out with a carry on, you've succeeded. I never do a suitcase to Hajj and the sisters are looking at me like that's, that's you know, but I'm serious. The less you can the lighter you can go to Hajj the better the lighter you can go to Hajj the better because it's going to be such a hassle with your luggage throughout the process luggage often gets lost at some point during the Hajj going to Hajj or whatever it may be, the lighter you can go, the better you can figure it out in a carry on hamdulillah and you can buy you know, some you know, especially for the
brothers some cheap thobes over there, whatever it may be to get yourself by, but try to go like inshallah, to Allah.
There's a hedge guide that's going to be given to you at the airport. It might, you know, there might be some different opinions to some of the things that you've heard.
In this lecture, it'll be very minor but again, you need to stick to one but to have something with you and Charlotte's eyes so whether it's this hedge step by step or something with you for the different steps is something that's good for you in Charlottetown I definitely recommend having hand sanitizer, unscented obviously for the time of your alarm. Even if it's slightly scented, it's not a big deal if you use it in your home. Alright so because nothing is absolutely unscented
but you know some even if it's a very very slight scent, it's not like perfume it's like a very slight scent in Charlottetown it's fine by definitely recommend a person having that in Chatelet you don't have to go loaded with it you can buy some in Medina inshallah tada
you know, having bags and you're not going to find toilet paper over there in many places. So just having that in place and shot, let's add that you can get that from Medina if you're starting off in Medina as well. One thing that you're also going to see are those different tablets or Gatorade packets, or whatever it may be those different rehydration tablets. You know, those Really do come in handy. And usually what ends up happening is you have three or four people that brought you know some rehydration tablets or things of that sort that are sort of sharing with the rest of the group. But obviously, if everybody's counting on someone else to do that, then they're not going to do
that. But you know, it's very important to avoid dehydration, obviously, with the long walks. It is extremely hot, extremely, extremely hot last year was ridiculous every single day was well over 100 degrees. And obviously a lot of walking in crowds and things of that sort. So it's important for you to keep that in mind and shout out to Anna from was daddy fun, there are no beds and was daddy fed, there are no accommodations there. So to have what's called the yoga mat. Now over there, there's a store called Binda wood that you're going to see in different places. So if you're going to Medina first or whatever it may be even Mecca first to have a little mat, you know, a little yoga mat for
yourself and sheetlets out of something to spread out on the day of most Delica to sleep on. You know, it's also something to keep in mind. And one of the most helpful things you can have is a shoe bag, those really tiny bags that you can put on your back and sell and carry your shoes because you're not going to be able to put your shoes you know in different places and come back to them often, especially in Mecca. So to have a shoe bag is really important ask your group if they're providing you one. Okay, if your group is not providing you one by one, it's worth the investment. It does not violate your lawn because just those strings you just kind of put them on your back and
you keep your shoes with you at all time and shall at all times and Chatelet tada
very thick socks for the life outside of Vietnam now sisters can wear socks even inside you know in their brothers for the time that you're going to be doing so often you're going to be doing sorry and so on so forth outside of a harem it will come in handy to have some really thick socks and shorts and or something that can protect your feet because you're going to get blisters and you're going to get you know you're going to have a lot of those issues especially with the way that the surface is over there with all the construction stuff like that. I know they've cleaned up most of it but you're walking you're walking on stones then you're walking on this then you're walking on
that so make sure you have that inshallah tada to keep yourself
you know to keep yourself protected.
Saw the SIM cards How does that work? Earth man? No.
All right.
So sorry, SIM cards have gotten very complicated recently because they like require, you know, you to have your passport, they require you to go through.
Okay, so have a copy of your passport and a copy of your visa on hand in Charlottetown. Because obviously they take your passport when you get to the airport. So to get a Saudi SIM card you actually have to show that to get that inshallah Tada. But that's just one thing. There.
Number 17 is don't be a tourist or a photographer, that's really important. I'll sort of talk about that inshallah Tada, but seriously, chill with the pictures while you're there, you're there for Hajj, don't take too many pictures and still make two copies of your passport, keep one at home, you know, over over here and with someone in the US, and then keep one with you, because your passports go through all sorts of processing. So it does come in handy to really have a copy of your passport with you inshallah, to Allah. Number 19 patience and a positive attitude, there is no such thing as a 100%, smooth Hajj. In fact, my experience is that people that go with the super VIP groups and
stuff like that, where you know, they're supposed to bring the camera to the hotel, and you know, all that stuff, you pay like 20 grand or something like that, so that you can be nice and comfy throughout Hajj, they're often the most angry, and disgruntled groups because there's so disappointed, because there is no way to have a completely smooth hedge, things are chaotic. You've got millions of people in this tiny area, from all over the world, things are all over the place. All right, it's never going to go your way. That's actually part of the bads of hatch seriously is that when you get there, no matter how much you've prepared yourself, you're going to have
logistical hiccups throughout the process, no matter what group you're with, no matter what package you're with, it's going to happen. So really have that mindset that no matter what you do, that's going to happen regardless. And as part of the test of your patience. In hedge. Lastly, don't do what everybody else is doing at hedge because a lot of it is wrong. That's sort of like our, actually most of it is wrong. That's sort of our safety net. And I see that happen to every single group, every time you get there is that you get in there and you jump into that mess. And then you realize that 90% of people are doing, you know, doing this, so I shouldn't be doing that as well. So
people are doing so often then they stop it and the common Brahim and they decide to just start rubbing on mkango, ham and rubbing their head all over and stuff like that. So you might think, Okay, well, that's what I need to be doing as well. Or I need to kiss it like the black stone when I go by, you know, people when they pass the black stone, it's, you know, you know, Subhanallah it's a very simple gesture that we're supposed to, to give to acknowledge it. But people start going, you know, and all types of stuff like that. And they start like sending all types of peace signs to the Blackstone and talking to it and taking a moment to interact from, from a distance and stuff like
that, like, every time there's this traffic, as soon as you get to that area, you know, that part of the law, realize, again, people they're very simple people, illiterate people, you know, in many situations, and I'm not saying that as an insult, just people that are, you know, very simple that are, you know, coming from all over the world, and they're just, you know, immersed in their body, if you will, and they're also doing what everybody else is doing. So don't do what everybody else is doing. Seriously, don't even look at what everybody you need to know what you're doing. And they're going to be times they're going to question yourself, because you're like, wait a minute, I wasn't
told that I was supposed to do this or do that you weren't supposed to do this or that, right. So just make sure that you you keep to your own your own knowledge and what you studied in Charlottetown, with your group leader as you go. Alright, so let's get into the fifth of it. Some of the important definitions for you to keep in mind, because I'm going to be using these words, and you're going to hear these words throughout the, you know, throughout the hedge process. The first one is broken, broken, broken, Brooklyn means pillar. And Brooklyn literally means an act that is obligatory. And if it's not done, the hedge is invalid. So for example, out of that is a broken,
right out of it is a real kind of hedge. If you don't have alpha you don't have had you can't do a sacrifice in place of it. Because it's a broken, it's an it's a pillar of hedge the hedge is invalid without it. So often, if
the main throw off, you know that of hedge the toe off of hedge, that is a token of hedge. So if it's not done, the head is invalid all together. So it's just something to keep in mind. The second word is Watch.
Watch means in this situation, something that's obligatory, but if it's not done, the head is still valid and a person needs to offer a sacrifice, or a video.
Okay, so it's mandatory, but it's not to the degree of a token, a pillar a pillar cannot be substantiated by anything else. Something that's logic can be substantiated by something else, which is a sacrifice or affiliate and it's placed in you know, in which you know, you'll have a lot of that
during and after the hedge. The third thing obviously is a sin. A sin and this situation is something that if a person does it
They're rewarded. If you don't do it, you're not punished, your hedges valid, and there's no need to do. A lot of times people just bunch it all up all of the rights of hedging to one big thing. So for example, if they missed this sooner than they'll want to do a sacrifice, and that's not part of the sooner they just keep on doing sacrifices and stuff like that, just in case because I don't know where this falls. So as soon which is a large group of the acts associated with hedge, you know, is, is something that's good to do, but you don't have to do anything. If you're not able to do it. Then you have monastic monastic refer to the rituals of the five days of Hajj in particular, there are
five principal days of hedging, obviously, your entire journey is hedge, but there are five days of hedge and the monastic or the rituals associated with that fibia is your is your makeup, right? It's your compensation. So if you miss something in hedge that is wired up, what did we say was it was
something that's mandatory, but it can be made up if you miss it, with something that's with affiliate affiliate is the mandatory sacrifice done if you miss a watch. So if you miss a logic of hedge, Alright, listen very carefully, you have three options. A fidelia can be one of three things, you can offer an animal sacrifice. All right, you can offer an animal sacrifice, you'll actually see booths there, like in some of the malls or some of the areas, whatever it is to actually have that fulfilled. I think there's a website, there's an app for that as well.
Like a sacrifice can be done, but a lot org I know a lot e.org does it. But you can offer a sacrifice, that sacrifice does not have to be restricted to Mecca or Medina. Okay, but a sacrifice has to be done in that place. A second thing is that you can fast three days after you get home. So you now owe for each one of them. If you don't want to do a sacrifice, or if you can do a sacrifice, you know, you have to fast three days when you return home. The third thing is that you could feed six needy people, which is very easy to do and hedge. Right, so you could actually buy, you know, six meals and you could serve them to six needy people and Hajj all of these are permissible ways to
deal with a missed watch. And there is no preference in order. Okay, you guys understand that so you can choose any one of them and shot what's on it and they can be a form of sacrifice in the presence of a missed watch or something that requires a sacrifice in that regard.
Rom many people you know, think about Islam and they think about the garments themselves. Rom is a state of sanctity. Rom literally means to be in a state of prohibition in a state of sanctity. So it's the state that's mandatory for Amara and for some parts of Hajj and it has its conditions and its prohibitions. Me got the word me cots is the station from which you will make your intention for Umrah and Hajj. Okay, me caught is the place from which you make your intention for O'Meara
and or hedge.
The next three words that are on here are the three possible forms of hedge. Okay,
to mentor
and you're gonna you know, I remember at least the first time I went to a hedge fund, you know,
I guess I don't 2006 the first time I went to Hajj I remember that people were fighting over too much or Quran too much Quran and just broke out into a fight right? What do we do, what type of hedge do we do and so on so forth.
to match the there are three forms of hedge here are three ways to go into Hajj or enter into the intention of Hajj one of them is to mentor Iran. And I thought the word the way that you are most likely going to do and the most preferred way is to mentor to mentor It literally means pleasure. Temporary, right, it's with ease. The reason why you do that is because a person enters through the station. So let's say you're going from Medina which is where most of us will be where at least our group you know my group will be going through many Hydra groups will go through the station of the halifa as you pass through or when you get to the station to the meat pot, you make the intention
for Timothy tour. Now to not tour means that you will do aroma and heads with a break from your head on in between. Why is that important to understand? What that means is that I go in with the intention of to mentor so as soon as I finished my camera I've made the intention for omura for now once I
finish my camera, I can exit my home until the days of headstart. This is especially necessary if you're going to Mecca a few days before the actual Hajj days. All right that she'll do your camera, you'll get out of your home, you'll do the you'll go through the steps of exiting. And then once the hedge they start again, then you'll take up the intention of hedge from the place that you are in Mecca. Okay, so this is the most preferred form of hedge to enter with the intention of omura. Do your omura take a break, get out of your home and then enter into a home once again on the eighth of the hedgehog, one of the days of headstart, all right. Now, let's say that you're going to Mecca on
the seventh day of the hedgehog, or on the eighth day of the hedgehog. And it's impractical for you to go do a get out of your head arm and then do a Helm again.
belong means combined. So Quran is a form of hedge where from the macaque from the station, you make the intention for both the oma and hedge with one
because it's too difficult, or it's inconvenient for you to exit and go back into economic gap. All right, so that's called kalon. If fraud is the hedge of the people of
the hedge of the people of Mecca, right, which is a hedge without armor, which which, which is why it's called a fraud, which is singular, okay, so they simply make the intention for Hajj from where they are, once the days of Hajj start, and they don't need to do
that is with it. So the last two words here heavy,
heavy is the sacrifice that's due on the day of our aid, if you're doing to Mater Oregon, so it's the it's the the, you know, the full animal sacrifice, it's going to be done by somebody else, most likely, you know, it's really difficult for a person to do the sacrifice themselves.
You know, you can either you either have a coupon or coupon to verify it. In the case of our group, we actually know the person that does the slaughter. So you know, we pay that person and then that person slaughters on behalf of everyone in the group, we get a phone call that our sacrifice has been done so heavy is the sacrifice that's done on the day of our aid for the people that are doing either to matter or get on. Okay, now
salvia obviously is the Chandler Baker lahoma bake the baker said he kilakila bake in Alhambra or near Mehta loca will milk, Surrey kalloch. The very famous chants which are going to be making in Charlotte sila throughout the days and throughout the processes of Ramadan, and Hajj. Alright, so what's the step by step now in sha Allah to Allah for a person as they're getting into the time as they're getting into the process of Hajj, the suddenness of entering a harem in the meet at the macaques, these are the Sooners now entering into the state of firearm at the meet got a person you know, both men and women with bathe themselves. So you take a shower that can be done at the hotel
before you actually get to the to the meat got to the station, trimming the mustache trimming the the armpit hair, pubic hair and nails applying perfume to the body.
This is particularly for the men you know here to apply perfume to the body not to the home itself, but to the body, you know, to clean yourself really well and to apply perfume to the body. And then you can wear the towels on top. At that point, you make the intention if you're passing through the meat pot in Medina,
you can do all of those things before you leave Medina but without the intention of entering into harem. And then once you get to the meat clot, you make the intention. What that means is you do all of your preparation at the hotel. Once you get to the meat pot, all you're going to do is at that point, that's where you make your intention for Umrah and Hajj if you're doing karate. Right. So but for the most part, if you're doing to mentor Are you guys lost here yet or not? Alright, good. So I'm not sure which is what most people will be doing, then you'll make the intention for them. But the point is, you can do everything in Medina. When you get to the station when you get to the main
thought. You simply make your intention at that point. Now what if you're passing through the mcats on the plane? What do you do?
You go take a shower on the plane, start trimming your, you know, go through all that stuff on the plane, what do you do?
Do it before your flight, you can wear your hat on and while you're flying over the main thoughts, usually the pilot will announce it right and the pilot will let you know and it's you know 15 2030 minutes before landing that you're passing over the mcats as your
Getting into into Java. All right. So at that point, what you do is you make the intention for how long if you are doing to mettur alright which is omura without hedge because you're going to take a break between the Umrah and Hajj Alright, so if you're doing to mettur at that point you will say, left bake Allahumma or ombre or lab bake Allahumma Veoma All right, both of them are fine. That here I come to Allah with Amara. So you're going to announce the intention for aamra All right, love bake Allahumma the aroma love bake Allahumma la Baker lahoma bake the bake Allahumma the aroma and so you will then continue on with the telethia but the point is, at that point, you will make the intention
verbally in Charlottetown for aroma, if you're doing aroma and Hajj together. So if you're doing Ceylon, you're going in on the seventh or the eighth of the hedger.
Then you would say lambic Allahumma aroma rotten wa Hajj. So you would say the Umrah or Hajj or here I come to Allah with the oma and Hajj because you're combining both intentions in one otherwise, you're simply going to say the baker lahoma the aroma, if you're doing Hajj on behalf of someone else, now, the major condition to do Hajj on behalf of someone else is that you've already done Hajj for yourself, then you will say love Baker.
And then you'll name the person. So the baker lahoma We are on the road, the baker and and the name of the person. All right. Now, let's say By the way, if you're doing too much, or you're doing aroma, and you're doing hedge separately, and you've done omura in the past, but you haven't done hedge in the past. Maybe this is a little too confusing right now. But I'll just put it out there and shallots and then I'll we'll probably revisit it if someone has a detailed question. I can you know, if I'm doing too much, or I'm separating the intention for Umrah and Hajj, and many of the alcohol, including Dr. Salah has saw he would allow a person to actually do their own role on behalf
of someone and the hedge on behalf of someone else or the hedge on behalf of yourself. So because it's two separate intentions at that point, you can do this on behalf of someone and this not necessarily on behalf of someone or vice versa. So if I'm doing hedge on behalf of my mother, and I've done Hajin Omar multiple times in the past, I could choose to do omura on behalf of my father and hedge on behalf of my mother I can make the intention on behalf of one person for Amara on behalf of for the other the other person for hedge if I'm doing too much, because it's two separate intentions, two separate declarations. And there's a break in the ROM in between you guys understand
that? Okay, good.
So at that point, you would announce your intention. And then you would pray two records. Now there's a difference of opinion about the two records here whether the prophets lie Selim taught us to pray two records for Islam as a pseudonym for Iran, or the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam simply would, you know, is teaching us to pray those two decades, because they come as a center for something else. All right. But the majority of the scholars would say that there is actually a center for Iran to recognize for how long and it's obviously safe, and there's no problem with that. But if you're passing through at the time of Salah anyway, so for example, you're going to pray the
hora also, then in that situation, many scholars would say that that takes the place of a harem or of any type of to die sooner for Allah. Because at the end of the day, it's a sooner Alright, so there's no sacrifice in that regard or anything of that sort.
But it's it's good in Chatelet art to practice that to pray to that cause and shot love with the intention
of of that salvia. And basically what you would do is you get to the meat got, you would pray your two records. And then after you pray your two records, you announced your intention. All right. So you get to the thoughts you prayer to the archives, and then you would announce your intention after those two records. Now what if you miss this entire process? Let's say that you fell asleep on the plane and you passed over the mailbox and you woke up and you're already in Jeddah? What do you do?
Go back to me thought.
What do you guys think? Are let's say that you're on a bus from Edina
and you're knocked out on the bus. You woke up and you're already halfway through you tell the bus driver go back to me caught.
Now So basically, once you've passed the me part. If you missed this whole period of making the intention, then you'll simply offer
Sacrifice you'll you'll offer a video so it's not a token of Hajj or Umrah that the intention be made at the heart. It's a watch. So because that wajib has been missed than a sacrifice a video would be in its place. Okay? What about a woman that is on her menstrual cycle? Basically a woman that is in that in that state will still declare wrong, and she will still do all of the actions except for off.
Okay, so she still will do all of the actions except for throw off a lot of sisters make the mistake where they say, Well, I can't go into mom right now I can't do any of these things. No, a woman will still do everything that everyone else is doing. But she will not do salon. And she would not do it the last when it comes to the actions of hedge or ominous so she's not going to pray or do thought. Now that you're in the state of Olam. You're now in a sanctified state. Now you're subject to a number of prohibitions, unintentional things are forgiven. The prophets lie Selim says Allah allow the Almighty and hot when the sun was too clearly that a person will be forgiven for what they do
out of ignorance out of forgetfulness, or under compulsion. So a lot of times a lot of these things that you're going to see here,
you forget that you're in a state of trauma and you do them or you know, you're combing your hair, you're combing your beard too hard. And some Harris Fallout, whatever happens, and a person starts to panic. And a lot of people react in different ways. Many people what they do in homes or houses that they just keep on doing sacrifice, a sacrifice a sacrifice the sacrifices, because if I just keep on doing, I just want to make sure I don't mess up. So every time I unintentionally do something, or I forget something, or some shifts, that I might have just violated a *, I'm just gonna go offer a sacrifice. And if there's an app, then you're just murdering sheep on on your app
on a consistent basis, like Oops, sorry, another one another one, another one. Don't, don't have that suit of one and a lot. Don't think of Allah. Okay? So if you if you unintentionally do something, or you forget, don't worry about it, inshallah, tada, you simply proceed. The things that you cannot do intentionally, intentionally. All right, these are what we're talking about here. So for men only to wear sewn clothes that fit that fit any part of your body that fit any limbs of your body. What that means is that when you wear it wrong, it's not fitted to any part of your body, right, it's a garment or it's a towel that you're wearing
over yourself, but to wear a shirt is fitted to you, okay? to wear
to wear socks is fitted to your limbs. So mathletes here particularly refers to something that's sewn and something that's fitted to your limbs. This is obviously only for men. So for example, underwear would fall into that prohibition
underwear is okay though for someone that has you know urinary incontinence or something of that sort, but otherwise it falls under that prohibition. So a person will only be in their
blanket blankets are permissible, done right, because blankets are not fitted to any part of your body. Right blankets will be worn over you
you know are especially if it gets cold in the nighttime, sometimes in minute it gets cold at night, for some reason, it will get cold and especially the way that the the ACS are, you know, they're blowing on on half so half of the tent is really cold and half of the tents really hot, depending on where you're positioned and where the AC is blowing on you. So it's okay to wrap yourself in blankets and Charlotte's Allah or anything of that sort because it doesn't fall in the under the category of clothes.
umbrellas are fine watches are fine rings are fine. Identification tags are fine. Stitch belts are fine. Because those don't fit any part of your body in particular sandals, or slippers that have some stitching on them. They're fine, as long as they don't cover your ankle to where they fit your you know, they fit your feet like shoes, they're all fine and shots and all of those don't fall under the category of of McLean's Okay, if a person has to wear, you know, some some sort of if a person has to wrap their ankle, because they have some sort of sprain or that's fine and shout lots out if you're gonna wear a shoe back or some sort of backpack. That's fine. All of those do not fall
under the category of Mohit. Now let's say that someone you know violates this then what to do upon them.
A sacrifice so let's say that,
you know, particularly with the men, someone says, you know, I'm gonna wear my underwear
And I'm gonna, you know, I, then you would offer a sacrifice in that place. If a person had to wear socks, let's say because they have a wound.
Or if a person had some sort of need to wear something,
if they need to do so.
All right, if they need to do so, then they're not, they're not in trouble if they need to do so. Okay, so something needs to be worn for some sort of need, then it's not a problem and shout out. But if something is being worn just because then it is going to be an issue. And obviously, you need to offer a sacrifice. But even if a person is doing something out of need, they want to offer the sacrifice and shelter just to be on the safe side, that's fine as well. Number two is cutting or plucking hair. So this requires two this is for men and women.
That this requires a sacrifice that does not include unintentional shutting through comb, right, if you're combing
this happens a lot people start flipping out because a few hairs might have fallen. Obviously, you should you know, try not to be too rough. When you're combing your hair, you're combing your beard because you don't want hairs to fall out. But if they do, it's not a problem in Charlottetown if it's just unintentional, clipping nails for men and women requires a sacrifice. Now what if you're, you know, you break a nail by accident? Or what if you're a nail biter? You know, and you forget, at some point you you catch yourself biting your nails and how long do you need to go and offer a sacrifice? No, because it was unintentional. It was done out of forgetfulness, it was done out of
ignorance by accident, whatever it may be, but to purposely cut the nails or trim the nails would require a sacrifice
for sisters covering your face with with niqab in particular. Now, this is a difference of opinion amongst the scholars. Why, because I saw the law and I mentioned that, that the women uncovered their faces that some of the women uncovered their faces, those that traditionally covered their faces, they uncovered their faces in hajj. But when people you know, when they found that it was crowded, or what when that there were riders passing by then they covered their faces. So some of the scholars said that if a woman wears nothing, then you know, in you know, instead of wearing the niqab here, she could wear something that covers her face, like something like a veil that would
cover her face if she wanted to do that. But otherwise, it is prohibited because someone one of the brothers and shuttler talk to the kids and anyone just
please don't hurt them.
But just if you Alright, so for a woman that you know, generally speaking covering the face is prohibited during the hedge for women as well.
But again, if it's something that a woman does, she practices niqab she wants to cover her face because of the crowd and things of that sort that inshallah Thai there's no penalty for her. A lot of people take the there's a difference of opinion on what touching the face here means. So you'll see some sisters that were in the club, the word baseball cap or something of that sort, and then there's a veil that's coming outwards. Allah knows best but you know that that's not something that would be necessary in that case. So a person can wear something can simply draw something over their face if they really wanted to, if they wanted to practice that and shout out to Anna, that was
quick. You did good. All right, a person can continue to cover their face, if they wanted to inshallah, just to you know, to fulfill that.
That practice that they knew otherwise. Now, what about wearing the mask?
You know, because of for sanitary purposes that fall under the ruling of niqab or a brother or sister.
What do you guys think? No.
I personally, not only do I think it's permissible, I recommend it. Alright, so I recommend that if a person wants to wear a mask in a home outside of a home, for sanitary purposes, there are a lot of things floating around over there.
People coughing all over you and all types of things and you know, it's very easy to get sick. So if a person wants to wear a mask for sanitary reasons, it's fine for men and for women inshallah, tada, and it does not require a sacrifice, okay. covering your head. For men and women or just for men.
For men requires a sacrifice, okay, so you can't cover your head while you're in.
Let's say that you wish you had your blanket and you know, just in a moment of forgetfulness. You put your blanket over your head, don't you know, don't panic, just put your blanket down but you can't cover your head. During Hajj they have this new creative idea which is to put like a cap that has like an umbrella like a mini umbrella. Some of you might have seen it. It looks really interesting. But it does fall in the under the category of covering the head. So just because the umbrella is a little bit off
doesn't mean that it's not a hat so you can't cover your head from brothers you cannot cover your head during a hat on
wearing any type of Cologne or perfume would require a sacrifice as well so any type of scent
showers are still okay you can take as many showers as you want and
you just can't use scented you know perfume or whatever it may be or cologne in that situation. What about perfumed soap it's perfumes soap you know a violation of Islam
Okay, it's it's one of those questionable things so it's better to avoid to be honest with you I personally don't view it as a violation. But it's still better to avoid because it's likened to Cologne or perfume or things of that sort but if a person went into a bathroom and they forgot you know, or whatever it is, they use some perfume soap or some scented soap and then they they realize that was sent that you don't have to panic and you don't have to scream or anything like that. It's okay inshallah I just move on. There is unscented soap, there's unscented deodorant, there's unscented, all types of things inshallah, you can use those things.
And perfume soap or scented soap simply falls into the doubtful things that it's better to avoid and Charlottes either kissing or touching the spouse, you know, touching your spouse, provocatively requires, obviously majors that thought it is a violation in Islam. Some scholars would say it requires a sacrifice, obviously, if you can kiss your spouse, then you also can't kiss random people. And from So please, you know, keep your hands to yourself and don't you know, don't kiss anybody else as well, provocatively while you're in your head on
engaging in intimacy with the spouse would invalidate the person's head altogether. Okay, believe it or not, it's happened. I've had it happened before where we had a very interesting situation, all right. But, you know, make sure that you're out of *, even with the ombre what ends up happening a lot of times couples, you know, go to so I personally my package is usually known as the honeymoon, we usually have the honeymoon hats, because we got a bunch of young couples that are, you know, holding hands and stuff like that, even while they're throwing romantically throwing rocks at the democrats and sheltering you know, sharing the moment and taking selfies and, you know, enjoying
enjoying the process, whatever it may be, but but what ends up happening is that a lot of times we drive into Mecca. And, you know, the for the couple would finish Ramadan, it's not frequent, but it's happened, you know, where they engage in intimacy, and then they come out and they're like, what do I do now? It's like Leisha thought about that, you know, before you finished your your, you know, before you did that before you violated your home. So obviously, you know, that's something that's prohibited
during the
you won't really have to worry about it during the head to head on because there are no hotels anyway. But during the Ramadan, it does become an issue. Entering into a marriage contract is also not allowed in Islam. So if you see someone that you like, and you decide to go into an account, you can't do that during your
hunting, if you decide to hunt, and that also violates your how long so the sacrifice for hunting is that an animal like that which you hunted would be given as a sacrifice. What about insects? Can I kill insects? And
yes, okay. You don't have to if you got a spider on you, if you got something that's biting you, you don't have to let it go because it's a farm. Okay? The prophets I seldom mentioned, things that could be killed harmful things that can be killed while a person is in a home. And he said, so I sell them in a hadith about the CRO,
the kite, the scorpion, the mouse and a ferocious dog so the scholar is extended beyond that as well. Obviously, when it comes to insects and snakes and you know, things that are harmful, those things could all be killed in a hit on scented insect repellents would be not permissible. So I want to clarify here because scented would be something that would have a strong smell to it. That would be an issue during the
cutting down trees. If anybody likes to cut down trees for some reason, cutting down trees in the sacred precinct also requires a sacrifice. So please don't get married, cut down trees, or hunt while you're in your home. I've never had to deal with with with with hunting or cutting down trees. There aren't many trees anyway.
Now, let's say you've gone through your home. you've entered into that state and
do it again and talk to the kids. Okay.
you've entered into your home. You've made your intention. You're proceeding now. to the heart of the Tobia. The baker lahoma. Baker Baker Ashley cola cola bake in Alhambra or near Metallica. Well milk last recollect the Tobia is now soon. All
way until you reach the huddle all the way until you get to the huddle. All right now it is the best form of cricket in this state. And panela like what ends up happening is that when people first start in Medina they get to the meat pots in Medina then everyone's saying the baker lahoma Bake for like three, five minutes and then within three to five minutes then everybody's snoring and their different languages too, right? So you just hear here and people are talking and having conversations and every once in a while everybody saying that bacon law home and a bake and everyone gets excited once again, try to keep yourself engaged with the tibia and shot let's add
as much as you can, it is the best form of Vicodin in the state.
For men it's sooner to do it loudly to encourage everybody around you to join in the tibia as well for women it's encouraged to do it and lower voice
it's not sin not to do it with a leader you know as a group so what that means is that you'll see a lot of people going through our Ramadan hands where one person is going to bake alone and a bake and everybody says the bacon law home Allah bacon and it goes live bacon, Sheree Caracas Raka bake and they all say that that's an innovation that's not some so don't join in on that don't be a part of that. Just Do It Yourself inshallah tada throughout the process now you get to the waffle
the first off the you know the top of entrance into into the city as you reach to the huddle
for the first time
we'll do is required for the last according to the strongest opinion the profit slice and I mentioned that the office likes the law Okay, it's a form of prayer. So will is required for your co op. Now is it okay when i when i when I've done my you know from the meat pot, I put on my alarm to not go do go off right away to not go actually do my own right away? Is it okay for me to take some time to rest in, you know, in the hotel, if I have a hotel, whatever it may be to take a few hours and then go do it. Yes, it is. There is nothing that says that you have to go from the me thought straight to do.
However, you'll simply have to observe your home throughout that process while you're waiting. Alright, so you can go to your hotel, you can go to Isaiah, wherever it may be, you can take your time to actually go out and do the toe off at a time that's good for you. But when you do in shot what's out, you should have your will. For the brothers, they will expose their right shoulder This is only for this alaafin fulldome the opening toe up with the brothers will expose the right shoulder
and this will end as soon as you finish the law
not after three circuits.
But after you finished your toe off you will actually cover your right shoulder. Okay, so you expose your right shoulder you enter the bottom through any one of the gates and you look for the green light to start where's the green light the green light is where basically it marks where the black stone is because your throw off is going to start from
from where the black stone is so you'll actually see them in the different stories of the Harlem and different locations you'll see with that the green light is marking the beginning of the black stone. Now enter through any gate inshallah Tada. You enter into the masjid with your right foot and here you have the the smilla was a lot of drama and Allah su de la Lama Thirdly, the newbie weftec Lee Ababa romantic arrow, the butler Hill alim Bobby was here to carry Bobby's will find him Kadena mina shavon Willa Jean. So you would enter with this drought and shot lots of Allah, you would start right away with your throw off. Now, do you have to play the two decades of entering into the
Muslim? No, because your philosophy replaces those two decades outside of ombre or hedge or one of those mandatory You know, one of those, those those tulips for person goes to the huddle. They have the choice, they can either they can either do the law, or they can pray to records. Okay, like any messages, all right. But here in this situation, you're replacing the two records of entering into the message.
You will go straight to the law, you align yourself with the block stone. Okay, that's the beginning of the talk. So with that green light,
you would signal toward with your hand you would simply say Allahu Akbar.
If you cannot kiss it or touch it, which is not something that's really easy to do in the time of hedge and it's not good for a person to fight over it. There's nothing. There's nothing super special about doing that right. There's nothing soon about fighting over it.
A lot of people go way overboard because of it. And some people it's like having bragging rights, like I got to kiss the Blackstone, like I just fought and elbowed people and moved, you know, fought my way through. So I could kiss the Blackstone, it's not something to do and hedge seriously, if you find the opportunity, you go at a good time to do a home run hedge, and you don't have to fight your way through your elbow and things of that sort, then that's the sooner but the profit slice I'm also taught to just signal towards it simply and to say a lot about and to proceed with the toe off, and the camera is on your left side. Don't do the love the opposite direction. All right, make sure that
you're going counterclockwise, the cabinet is on your left side. Now for the for the men, the sooner is to do the first three circuits of the law fast.
It's impractical to try to run, don't harm people. But there is an there is an added pace. In the first three circuits of the co op, you will keep your shoulder exposed throughout all seven.
And the seven circuits should not be interrupted. That doesn't mean you can't take a break. Like you can't sit on the side if it's getting too exhausting.
That doesn't mean
that doesn't mean that you shouldn't leave and come back, you can't leave and come back you're interrupting with the law. So you can take a break while you're doing the off. But you can interrupt your toe off by actually leaving your toe off. If a person interrupts the seven circuits have throw off, what do they do?
Let's say that you have to leave. When you come back do you pick up from where you left off? Or do you start over? Because the Love is like salon,
then it's like starting over. So you would start over. Okay? Now if it's if there's a hardship involved, or if a person needs to use the restroom frequently or there's urinary incontinence, whatever it may be. If there's hardship involved, it's difficult for you to maintain we'll look for example throughout all seven, then you pick up where you left off inshallah tada and there's no problem. But ideally, what you want to do is that if you don't have that need, then you should start off from where you left off, believe it or not, number 12 here if you doubt how many circuits you've completed. All right, a lot of times you think it's simple, it's seven circuits, but you might get
confused and you will second guess yourself and you'll start to doubt and it is healthy to have someone with you or to you know to count with somebody as you're going through. But if you have a doubt what do you do for Liam near eliakim just like the Prophet sly, some said about prayer, then build on that which you're certain about. So if you don't know if it's the fourth one or the fifth one, you will assume that it's what the fourth one all right. And it's good to have you know, one one person with you or two people with you and your accounting together. If you cannot if you you know the Sunnah of the prophet SAW some is to touch a rokinon the Amani, the Yemeni corner which is
the corner right before the cat before the black stone. If you can't touch it, then you don't signal towards a lot of people will be signaling towards it. Why did the Prophet slicin used to touch a rock and in the Amani, the Yemeni corner, and then he would touch the black stone, the prophet sly, some actually, you know, used to touch it because it's one of the original foundations of the cabinet. The cabinet was built by Ibrahim Isom in a rectangular shape.
Okay, it was actually rectangular. So there was the Yemeni corner, there was the black stone. And where you see headedness, now you see that semicircle, those corners of that that actually used to be part of the cabinet. So the Prophet slicin would touch a rock in the Amani as he passed by it, because it was one of the original foundations, he wouldn't kiss it, he wouldn't do anything special with it, he would simply touch it as he was walking around. If you're there, touch it, otherwise, you don't have to sit there and give it the peace sign and, and you know, start to start to signal towards it or anything of that sort. The signal.
Generally speaking in philosophy, it's open for you make your app in any way that you can, any device that you can, and it's good to plan them out. If you want to have one circuit for your family, or two circuits for your family, whatever it is one circuit for this one circuit for that, to have it planned out in Charlottetown because it's very hectic and it's not. It's not you know that that you don't go off the nature of the drought that you don't go off. It's not like this drought where you're, you know, nice and calm and you have this time to it's loud. It's it's, it's crazy, it's hectic. So it's good to have in your mind what you're going to do with each circuit and
shall have time to dedicate each circuit. But the synergy between a root canal Yamani between the Yemeni corner, and between the black stone is the robina atina for dunya Hassan perfil Aphrodite Hassan joaquina Robin, Robin attina Jr. has now Phil accurate he has been working harder but not. This is the route that the profit slice on wood repeats between a rock and Imani
And the black stone other than that there is no prescribed draft for cloth all the doors are open. Make your as an individual. You don't have to join in with a group you don't have to hold a book continue to make your app for yourself. When you complete your seventh circuit's you will go all the way to macom Ebrahim it's just slightly past the Blackstone. Again, you'll align yourself with it so you don't actually have to go to macabre him but you'll keep walking until you pass it which is a slightly beyond the Blackstone. Then you will place it between yourself and the Caribbean. And you would cover your shoulder and you would recite what tukey do min McCollum Ibrahima masala
the eye on the Quran and take the station of Ibrahim alayhis salaam as a place of prayer. You pray to cause reciting silently. The Sunnah is to recite sorbitol caffeine in the first car suited a floss in the second record just like the son of budget, okay. And then you know, and then you would proceed to the rest of it. Okay, so you proceed to drink your Zamzam and you proceed to the sorry. Now again, the idea here is you go and you complete your seven on the Seventh Circuit you move beyond maqam Ibrahim,
there is no way to perfectly align yourself. And if it's crowded, you can pray anywhere in the masjid after you pass Mocambo Brahim. Okay, so there's no way to perfectly align yourself but the point is you say with tequila mocambique, Brahim masala, you would recite that you would pray your two records and then inshallah Tada, you go into your second so for now, we're actually going to go ahead and break first the lots of Asia. After the ratio prayer inshallah to Allah will restart and we'll go into the sorry and exiting and into the steps of hedge fund shot. Let's add. So does that mean well, Hayden, we'll go ahead and we'll break and please do try to come back. Sisters in
particular, try to come back and follow Tyler. So we can start immediately after the Salaam Salaam Alaikum