Mustafa Abu Rayyan – 05 Tafseer Surah alBaqarah Verses 3037
AI: Summary ©
The transcript discusses the history of Islam, including the use of "has" in the language and the importance of acceptance of rules and avoiding one's own fault. It also highlights the history of the Bible and the use of "any thing that you eat from this tree" to indicate a desire to live in Jannah. The transcript provides insight into the consequences of mistakes made by individuals and the people, including mistakes made by Adam and Hwa, mistakes made by the shaitan, and mistakes made by the people.
AI: Summary ©
This is, our
weekly tafsir session and today inshallah we'll be
starting from, Surah Al Baqarah verse 30. Surah
Al Baqarah
verse 30.
Today our talk and our lesson is mainly
going to be about the story of Adam
alaihi salam and how Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
honored him
and honored his duriya, his children, the children
of Adam meaning mankind.
We're going to learn about the,
story of Adam and Iblis, and before that
the story of between Adam and the angels.
It's very relevant to the general theme of
the surah
because we mentioned in our first or second
session,
Surat Al Baqarah has an overarching
theme,
a Hidayah or or a general Hidayah or
a general Maqzad, and that is to highlight
those who obeyed Allah almighty
and where they ended up and those who
disobeyed Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala and where they
ended up. And there are many examples of
people either obeying or disobeying Allah Almighty
and that the reason we are here and
why we exist is to worship Allah almighty
and to live the life Allah wants us
to live. And we have many examples of
this, and the story of Adam is one
of those examples that we can look to
and extract lessons from.
When Iblis refuses to listen to Allah almighty,
when he is told to bow down to
Adam, an example of disobedience and arrogance.
When Adam makes an error and eats from
the fruit that he wasn't supposed to, another
example of human error.
And then his eventual tawba and repentance to
Allah, an example of what we are supposed
to do when we make mistakes.
We learn the virtue of knowledge in the
story and how Allah
establishes
the superiority of Adam alayhi salam through knowledge
and many other benefits as well.
We begin by the first verse where Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala says,
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala starts by saying
Mention, O Muhammad, and remember
when your Lord said to the angels,
remember when your Lord said to the angels,
I am going to place on the earth
a Khalifa.
Now this term Khalifa,
the scholars have,
understood different meanings from it.
I'm gonna place on the earth a successor
or a successive successor who is an authority
or
I'm going to place on the earth generations
after generations that will succeed one another.
And this is referring to mankind or it
is referring to Adam himself who is the
original Khalifa, the first authority that was placed
on earth, the first of mankind,
the first human.
Now the angels then asked Allah
they said, the angels
Oh Allah, are you gonna place on the
earth one who will commit acts of corruption?
And will shed blood.
While we
glorify you, oh Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
We glorify you in praise or with praises.
And we purify ourselves for you.
Then Allah replied to the angels, I know
that which you do not know.
So
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is speaking to the
angels and announcing to them what he is
about to do. How he's going to create
a creation.
But Allah didn't tell them I'm going to
create a new creation.
Allah said I'm going to establish
a Khalifa on the earth.
I'm going to establish a Khalifa,
a successor
that will either succeed those who on earth
to begin with. Some scholars said
that on the earth the jinn lived before
mankind and we know this. So now Allah
is bringing a successor to them, one that
comes after them.
Or Khalifa meaning one that will establish authority
in the land and establish the laws of
Allah in the land. And that's why the
term Khalifa also means a vicegerent, meaning
one who is a wakeel
of another.
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala wants
his laws and his worship to be established
on the earth and that responsibility
falls upon the humans that are there or
mankind or in this case prophet Adam Alaihi
Salam to establish that.
Or
I am going to place on the earth
a generation that will come after one another.
They will succeed one another. You have the
generation of Adam and then the ones of
Noah and then the ones of Ibrahim, one
after the other generation after generation. Basically, the
law is telling the angels that he is
going to create this new generation, this new
creation
starting with Adam alayhis salam.
Imam al Qutiri mentions
that the Khalifa here is most definitely referring
to one person and that is Adam alayhi
salaam and that there is no Khalaf in
it as well. But there is some Khalaf
in it like Ibn Kathir mentions and the
awesome scholars that mentions the Khalifa here is
not referring to just Adam but the whole
of mankind,
coming after one another. Al Muhim, Allah is
announcing to the angel the start of a
new creation.
Now the question is, the angels immediately question
Allah Almighty and say, are you going to
create a creation or you're going to place
this Khalifa
on this on the earth
and they will cause corruption
and they will shed blood.
How did the angels know that this would
happen?
How did they know?
The scholars have a few interpretations.
One is they knew
because,
they took an example of the creation that
was on the earth to begin with, which
is the gene. So the jinn was corrupt
causing corruption and the jinn were killing one
another,
and they said
so because there is a lot of similarity
between the jinn and the mankind,
the fact that they have free will, the
fact that they can fall into error, So
this they based on that they said, are
you going to put on the earth one
that will cause corruption and shed blood? Other
scholars have said a stronger opinion is that
they understood that from the of the human
being, the nature of the human being when
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala told them that he
was going to create Adam, that they understood
from his nature that he is susceptible to
mistakes and error and and corruption.
And this is the case for the human
being. But the strongest opinion
my brothers and sisters is that Allah told
them and there is a narration that alludes
to that in, that Imam Abu Tabari mentions
that there was a conversation that took place
that is not mentioned here in the verse.
And that is that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
told the angel that he's going to create
Adam but then the angels
asked what is he like and the Allah
then tells them that from his progeny and
from his descendants will be those that will
cause corruption
and shed blood which is the case. Human
beings have the capacity to do a lot
of and a lot of oppression and kill.
That's something that we see everyday.
So Allah told them and then they asked
this question, oh Allah why are you,
creating this creation and
if they're going to cause corruption and shed
blood? Now their question wasn't one of
where they are questioning the wisdom of Allah
or they are disagreeing with Allah This is
not the case. They were seeking information.
They were surprised.
They were genuinely wanted to know why Allah
is creating this creation
that is going to have the potential to
cause corruption and shed blood.
And then Allah tells
them I know that which you do not
know and what is this that Allah is
referring to? We know Allah knows everything
Allah is the one that has the knowledge
of everything. Allah knows that among these human
beings will be great messengers
and great prophets and great people that worship
Allah Almighty, people that are capable of a
lot of good, that will do a lot
of good, that will gain Allah's
approval and pleasure, and and then I will
those are the types of people that will
be among mankind as well, something that the
angels then did not know. So Allah is
saying, I know that which you do not
know. How much good they are capable of?
How much they are even capable of doing
whereby they become even better than the angels
who are constantly worshipping Allah Almighty. And And
that's an interesting masala as well. Can the
human being become better than the angel who
never disobeys Allah Almighty? And the scholars have
said that, in fact, the human being is
actually more virtuous than the angel by default
because Allah requested the angels to bow down
to the human being, to Adam alaihi salam,
and also that when the human being with
all of its,
faults
and the the desires that human beings have
and the inclination to do haram and to
disobey, if the human being then stops themselves
from that and stays on the right path
and worships Allah, although the shaitan is influencing
you and your nafs is influencing you and
you have your personal desires and you have
all of these personal weaknesses, you overcome all
of that and you're engaged in worship, then
you are in a higher level than even
the angels who are only worshiping Allah and
they are they are incapable of disobeying Allah
Almighty. That shows that the human being overcomes
their obstacles to become a So
Allah is saying I know that which you
do not know to the angels, the virtue
of human beings, the virtue of Adam himself
and how great Adam is. Now Allah Subhanahu
Wa Ta'ala is going to start
establishing
the virtue, the fadl of Adam Alaihi Salam
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala says
And Allah indeed has taught Adam the names
of everything, the names of everything or all
the names.
Before I move on to this verse, if
you go back to the first verse we
said
when your lord said to the angels, I'm
going to put in place,
in the earth a successor,
and they asked
while we glorify you Allah,
and we purify ourselves for you Allah.
So here you know that the angels are
engaged in Tasbih, Tahmid,
and Taqdis. They are engaged in in glorifying
Allah Almighty and sanctifying him. They are engaged
in praising Allah Almighty, and they are also
engaged in.
We
are purifying ourselves for you. This shows you
how virtuous the angels are, and there is
an example of how we should be worshiping
Allah There are some scholars that said the
glorifying here is alluding to prayer. Not just
general glorification of Allah but prayer.
When we are praying And this is something
that you will find in the Quran where
the term
which means to say or to glorify Allah
actually means to pray. And a good example
of that is when Allah
was speaking about prophet Yunus when he was
in the whale of of the of the
when he was in the stomach of the
whale, sorry, that
Allah says,
And if he was not among those who
do
if he was not among those who pray.
So this is what this verse is referring
to according to some of the, ulamaftafsir.
Then Allah tells them I know that what
you do not know. And we mentioned that
it's referring to Allah's knowledge of the great
good that mankind is capable of.
So,
Then Allah mentions that he taught Adam all
the names, the names of everything. Adam alayhi
salam is the first of mankind.
He is the first prophet. He is among
the greatest prophet and the most virtuous prophets.
Adam alaihi salam, there's a lot that can
be said about him and, for example,
Allah created Adam with his own with both
of his hands. So this is a virtue
that Allah gave Adam specifically
and Allah created him with his hands, and
this is something very special. And, also, Allah
blew in the in Adam
And also how Adam alayhi wasalam was created
in Jannah like the prophet hadith. So
Allah fashioned Adam in Jannah.
And also that the first statement that Adam
made was, when Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala blew
the the soul in him
that and then Adam came to life. The
first thing Adam did was he sneezed
and then he praised Allah and said, Alhamdulillah.
Then Allah said to him,
may Allah have mercy on you. SubhanAllah. Again,
it shows you that the first thing mankind
said was in praise of Allah Almighty. The
first statement our father Adam made was to
praise Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala
Adam his name some of the scholars says
it comes from the word
and that is referring to his color or
complexion
and that is a brownish complexion complexion.
So it's referring to its color and that's
where the term Adam came from. Other scholars
have said that it comes from the word
and there's a hadith that mentions
that Allah created Adam from the surface of
the earth.
And in some narrations mentioned that Allah took
a fistful or a handful of the earth
from every type of soil.
And we know the earth has or the
soil comes in different colors. You go to
the beach, the sand has one color. You
go somewhere in the jungle, it has another
color. You go somewhere in in different countries,
it has another color. And Allah combined all
of those colors and fashioned him in this
way. And we know Adam was created from
which is the mixing of soil and water
which turns into clay. Allah fashioned him himself
as Alaihi Salam. These are all some of
the virtues of Adam. Also how beautiful Adam
was and this is an interesting as well
that Adam was the most beautiful human being.
And there are some verses that alluded that
when Allah says,
we have fashioned, or created the humankind in
the best of forms. And, of course, we
know Adam, Allah created him with his hands.
So that is that Adam was the most
beautiful person whom Allah has created from mankind,
which some scholars have disagreed and said it
is actually Yusuf alaihi salam. This is something
you guys are all aware of that prophet
Yusuf was given half of all of beauty.
Half of all of beauty.
Meaning, half of all of beauty was given
to Yusuf and the other half, the rest
of creation or the rest of mankind
is,
they share it.
So you can understand how handsome,
Yusuf alaihi salam was, and that's apparent in
his story to the point where some of
the people that were infatuated with his beauty
and and were they said,
He's not even a human being.
He must be a noble angel. It shows
you how beautiful and handsome Yusuf alaihi salam
was. But there were some scholars that have
said that the hadith mentions,
Yusuf was given
half of beauty is referring to half of
the beauty of Adam,
half of the beauty of Adam, and that
Adam was the most handsome of all of
Allah's creation. And, that also makes sense because
Adam being the first and Allah creating him
and fashioning him with his own hands that
he would get that virtue and Allah knows
best.
Taib.
So now we we have a general understanding
of who Adam alaihi wasalam was.
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala just told the angels
that Adam,
will be,
the authority, the successor,
on the lands, on the arabd. The angels
then mentioned that human beings are capable of
corruption and bloodshed.
Allah told the angels that he Allah knows
that which they do not. And then here
Allah is establishing that fact by showing the
angels the superiority of Adam and Allah
says,
and Allah has taught had taught Adam the
names of everything. Now what is this referring
to? It is referring to, Allah
giving
Adam the knowledge
of the of naming everything.
So the scholars of Tafsir mentioned, he was
given, the knowledge of the names of objects,
animals, birds,
people,
everything.
Allah
gave him that knowledge and they discussed was
this knowledge given to him through inspiration and
or
was it in a different way. Al Muhim
when Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala gave Adam this
knowledge of the names of everything in essence
language
Then Allah
showed them to the angels
and said to the angels,
Allah said to the angels, tell me the
names of these things. Tell me the names
of these things.
If you are truthful
if you are truthful in the fact that
it is a that Adam
and his
will cause bloodshed. If you are truthful in
the fact that you are constantly in praise
of Allah
and, name these things. And Allah
didn't teach the angels these things, but he
taught them to Adam.
This shows you
that superiority lies in knowledge.
It lies in knowledge. And Allah subhanahu wa
ta'ala is establishing
the virtue of Adam over the angels through
what he knows.
Again, this religion of ours is a religion
that emphasizes
and it it it it it's a noble
thing to have knowledge.
So how did angels responded?
Allah tests them and asks them to name
these things if they are truthful. Allah
then the angels say
The angels said glory be to you oh
Allah there is no knowledge that we have.
We possess no knowledge.
Except that which you have taught us.
Verily lives you, oh Allah, that is the
all knower and the all wise. Oh Allah,
you are the one who has the knowledge
of everything. Oh Allah, you are the most
wise. You are wise in your decisions, and
you are wise in your creation of Adam.
So the angels start glorifying Allah subhanahu wa
ta'ala and mentioning that they have no knowledge
that that which Allah taught them and they
don't know that they can't answer the question
that Allah
posed to them which is name these things.
Then Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says to Adam,
Oh, Adam,
tell them the names of these things.
Oh, Adam, tell them the names of it.
So then Adam started naming them. He starts
naming all the things.
And when he had informed them of the
names,
then Allah said to them have I not
told you
that I know the the unseen in the
heavens and the earth that Allah knows everything.
Oh, angels have I not told you I
possess knowledge over all things.
Means the unseen. We came across this term
in the beginning
of those who believe in the unseen. So
So now you know what ghaib means, that
which is unseen.
So, Allah says
I have the knowledge,
have I not told you that I know
of the in the heavens and the earth
and I know what you reveal and that
which you
are concealing. Allah
says
I
know the unseen
with regards to the heavens and the earth.
I know
that which you make apparent, that which you
reveal
and that which you have been concealing,
that which you have been concealing. So Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala after establishing that Adam has
knowledge,
after honoring Adam with this knowledge,
after testing the angels, do they have this
knowledge? Allah then established that he is the
one that has all knowledge. He's the all
knower, and that he has the of the
in the heaven and the earth. And that
he knows that which they are revealing,
that which is apparent,
and that which you have been concealing. The
scholars they ask and they pose this question,
what is it that
the angels were concealing? And the scholars say
what they have been concealing is not related
to the angels, that Iblis was also in
this gathering,
and Iblis is concealing his disbelief.
He's concealing his arrogance. He's concealing his jealousy
of Adam. Why is arrogant special treatment? And
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is saying I know
that which you are hiding
referring to Iblis himself.
There are many benefits that we can learn
from this verse.
One of them is that Allah subhanahu wa
ta'ala's knowledge
is has no limit.
And this is something that we all know.
But from our daily life it is something
that perhaps isn't apparent. If you know Allah
knows everything that you're doing then that should,
give you a sense of fear of Allah
Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. Allah knows what you're up
to every single moment. Not does not only
does Allah know what you are doing, but
Allah knows what you are concealing,
what's in your inner thoughts,
and what's in your inner heart, Allah knows.
Like Allah says in the Quran,
Allah knows that which
is hidden, the secrets,
and that which is even more hidden.
So there is nothing that you can hide
from the almighty
and because of this it is important that
what you conceal in your heart and what
is apparent from your actions should always be
good.
And if you are someone
that portrays good in your actions but hide
a lot of wrong, then who are you
similar to? A group of people that we
have discussed last week and the week before,
which was the hypocrites,
who in their apparent actions do good but
are hiding their disbelief. And what did Allah
tell us here? That Allah knows
that which you reveal
and that which you have been concealing.
So, again,
the virtue of Adam is being established here.
Adam is among the prophets that mentioned in
the Quran a lot of times, by the
way. Allah mentions Adam in the Quran about
25 times. He's mentioned in Surat Al Baqarah,
Surat Imran, Surat Ma'ida, Surat Araf, Surat Isra,
Kahf, Mariam Baha, and also Surat Yacine.
So, Allah establishes Adam's,
virtue
and honor
by making him the Khalifa, number 1.
Number 2, by
teaching him all the names.
Number 3, by establishing his superiority over the
angels through this knowledge.
Now we see another way Allah is honoring
Adam alaihi salaam. Allah says,
Mention o Muhammad and remember
when we said to the angels,
prostrate
to Adam,
they all made sujood except for Iblis. Abba,
he refused. Was takbar and became arrogant.
And
was among the disbelievers
and the disobedient.
So here Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is telling
us mention of Muhammad and remember when we
again, why am I saying mention of Muhammad?
Because this, the Quran, is being revealed upon
our prophets. So it is our prophet that's
relaying this to us. And Allah is saying,
and remember when he said to the angels,
Adam, make sujood for Adam. This is another
way of the Allah honored Adam by telling
the angels to bow down to him.
Now this might confuse some people because we
have been taught and we know you're not
supposed to bow down and make sujood for
other Allah
That is true.
We're not supposed to make sujud. Why? Because
sujud is
a and Allah in the Quran
Do not prostrate for
the sun or the moon, but only prostrate
to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
But in this story, it is Allah himself
who's ordering them to make sujood. So in
the end, what we do and don't do
depends on what Allah asks us. We will
make sujood to Allah because Allah told us
to make sujood for him alone. The angels
told to make sujood for who? For Adam,
so they're supposed to do that. It's about
who is telling you.
And
also, we know that the people that came
before us had different laws than us. There
were certain things that were haram to the
people that came before us, allowed
for us and vice versa. For instance,
we know in the story of Yusuf
that
remember the dream that he sees that the
sun and the moon and and stars are
making sujood for him?
And in the end of his story
his brothers and his mother and father make
sujud for him, they prostrate and they say
this is sujudu.
This is a type of greeting
which was allowed in their laws but was
prohibited in our law. It was prohibited from
us. So we cannot greet each other or
honor each other by bowing down or making
sujud. But
for the people that came before us, it
was something that was allowed, and this shows
you that every ummah and nation, the details
of their
of their,
their faith and their,
religion
was different
but the Usus stayed the same. The foundation
stayed the same. It wasn't like the people
of the were told to worship other Allah
or that the angels don't exist and then
for us it's different. The basics are always
the same. The foundations are always the same.
The beliefs
are always the same but the acts of
worship, the do's and don'ts, the haram and
halal, that's what's what's different from one nation
to another.
So for us, greeting someone and honoring someone
with ajud is not allowed, but for the
people that came before us, it was allowed.
What is the evidence for that? The story
of Yusuf alaihi salam.
And also, here we see Allah ordering the
angels to honor Adam by prostrating,
to him in a manner of greeting and
honor. It was not worship because worshiping other
than Allah is never allowed.
Never allowed. So Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says,
And remember when we said to the angels,
prostrate for before Adam, and they did except
for Iblis, shaitan,
he refused,
Abba refused, wastakbar was arrogant and proud.
And was among the disbelievers
and disobedient.
Okay. So
the angels are told to make sujoods for
Adam.
They immediately did it. The word
the first letter is a.
Here is referring that they did it immediately.
They didn't hesitate. They didn't question and that
is the nature of the angels. They worship
Allah.
They never disobey when Allah tells them to
do something
except for Iblis. Now here is a question
that a lot of people wonder.
Was Iblis from the angels?
Because Allah says all the angels made to
do except Iblis. So you'd assume he was
from the angels, and this is why you
you the famous story that everyone says,
Iblis is a fallen angel.
He was an angel, but then when he
refused to bow down to Adam, when he
refused to obey Allah, he became the devil.
He became shaitan. He became Iblis, but he
was an angel before that.
And that is incorrect for a number of
reasons.
Iblis was never from the angels based on
the following.
Number
1, angels don't disobey Allah and we know
this by the Quran.
So angels do not disobey Allah Subhanahu Wa
Ta'ala ever. The fact that Iblis disobeyed Allah
shows you that he's not among the angels.
Number 2, what they are created from. Allah
mentions that, or that the
angels are created from and the
is created from
fire, smokeless fire. So you have another
reason why he's not among the angels. His
origin is not the same.
His nature is not the same. They are
never in disobedience of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
whereas we know Iblis refused and was arrogant
and proud something that the angels never are.
And also explicitly in the Quran Allah says
In Surat Isra, Allah literally says he was
from the jinn. He was from the jinn.
So although there were some of the salaf
that mentioned this and were and were sympathetic
towards the view that he was from the
angels,
but the sari' have the Quran,
the the the Quran and the sunnah clearly
show and highlight that Iblis was from the
jinn not from the angels. But he was
among them. He was among them.
So,
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says that Iblis refused,
Was and became arrogant or was arrogant and
proud. His refusal is mentioned first and then
him being proud and arrogant is mentioned after.
Abba refused,
and this is something that we have to
be very careful of.
Those who refuse to follow the commandments of
Allah. This is very dangerous. For example, Allah
tells us to pray, someone says no.
Allah tells us, oh, the sister is to
wear hijab, I am not gonna wear hijab.
I refuse to wear hijab. I refuse to
pray.
I refuse to go to Hajj. I refuse
to fast. This is among the most dangerous
things one can do.
And what that type of refusal, it comes
from a place of what?
Wastaqbara,
a place of arrogance,
A place of pride.
Something that if you have, you won't even
enter Jannah. The prophet said any hadith, anyone
that has
Anyone that has the the smallest amount
of arrogance in their heart,
they will not enter Jannah. We are supposed
to be humble creatures and be humble before
our lord and say, yes, oh Allah,
We hear and we obey.
That's how you get to Jannah. This is
why the prophet
all of my will enter Jannah except those
who refuse
Except those who say, Abba, refuse. Just like
Iblis said right here.
And then they said, who the prophet the
sahaja said,
who would refuse o Messenger of Allah? And
the prophet said, whoever obeys me has entered
Jannah, and whoever disobeys me has refused.
So
Waqan Amir al Kafirin, and he was among
the disbelievers
and the this,
obedient.
So Iblis,
his disobedience led to his kufr.
And the term kana was
shows you that he already decided that he
was going to disobey.
That he didn't become a kafir once he
refused. He already was a kafir because he
already had this arrogance inside of him. And
this shows you that kufr is not just
amali. It's not just the action or the
refusal of, but it's also a sense of
belief and what you internalize.
So
one more time.
Adam. Allah says, remember, oh, Muhammad, when he
said to the angels, make sujood for Adam.
For sujdu, they all did. They made sujood.
Except for Iblis, who was not from the
angels, by the way, was from the jinn.
Abba, he refused.
And he became proud and arrogant.
Waqqani made a kafir, and he was among
the
disbelievers and the disobedient.
The word kafir, and we mentioned, we came
across this word kafir when we were, talking
about,
the 3 categories of mankind,
the believers, the non believers, and the hypocrites,
the Muslims, the kuffar, and the munafiqun
that in al Adina kafro those who have
disbelieved.
The word kafara
doesn't literally mean only to disbelief or lack
of faith.
It comes, it means
to
conceal something or to hide something or to
even reject.
These are all ways of that the kufr
is used, and this is why the scholar
said
to reject,
and refuse to follow the laws of Allah
is a form of kufr.
So Iblis isn't disbelieving in Allah's existence.
He's there conversing
with Allah and refusing to listen. So it's
not like Iblis
doesn't believe in Allah's existence, he does.
It is not like Iblis doesn't understand these
qur'ams are coming from God he knows.
It is the fact that he refuses outright
to follow them
and is so arrogant he says, they don't
apply to me. I'm not gonna listen. This
is a form of kufr.
This is a form of kufr
that exists. So there are different types where
one can become a disbeliever.
1 is lack of faith. I don't believe
in Allah. I don't believe in prophet Muhammad.
And the other one is lack of obedience.
And we're talking about not the odd mistake
here and there and the odd sin here
and there. Someone that's saying, you know what?
Prayer and hijab and Quran and Ramadan and
and Hajj, that don't apply to me.
Not me. That is a form of kufr
when someone refuses to accept that these rules
apply to them. Now once you accept they
apply to you and you try to do
them, if you have shortcomings, that is sinful,
but that is not kufr.
Something to keep in mind as well.
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala then says
Allah then said we men or we said
to
Adam, oh Adam,
live you and your wife or reside you
your life you and your wife in Jannah.
So his wife wasn't mentioned before.
Adam's wife was not mentioned
in the first verse when Allah was talking
about the Khalifa.
It was not mentioned,
during the conversation between the angels and Adam
and when Adam was taught the names of
everything.
Even when the whole, story of the sujud
and the prostration Hawa is not mentioned or
or the wife of Adam is not mentioned,
she's mentioned now. And the scholars derived from
this that it is now that she's created.
After
after the order of the prostration, after that,
Hawa was created.
And also we learn from this verse when
Allah said we said to Adam
reside you and your wife in Jannah.
Dwell you and your wife in paradise
that
she was created before they are told to
just live in Jannah
and this is in opposition or, to the
belief of some of the Christians that say
that Adam lived a long time in paradise
by himself and became lonely
and then he was given a spouse.
It shows, you know, from outright
she went into Jannah with him or she
was told to reside with him in Jannah.
Adam's wife is known as Hawa and,
she was created from his rib. She was
created from Adam's rib. So she was created
from Adam.
And this is very clear in the Quran
in Sultan Nisa when
And created from that his
wife. So,
the wife of Adam was created from him
and this hadith clearly mentions that it was
from his rib. So that's how Hawa was
created. Then they are told both to reside
in Jannah.
And both eat from there
freely
with delight,
with no limitations eat from there
freely
and with pleasure and delight.
So, they were told to live in Jannah,
to eat from Jannah, to enjoy and reside
in Jannah and there was one rule.
And do not go near this tree.
Do not go near this tree. Why? Because
if you do so,
you will both be among the,
the wrongdoers.
So here you find
that Adam is allowed entry into Jannah with
his wife. He's told to dwell therein. He's
told to enjoy them themselves, they are both
told. They are both told that they can
eat from there wherever they want,
raha then freely with delight and pleasure,
wherever
you want, whenever you want, however you want.
Accept what?
Do not go near this tree. Some of
the scholars derived from this that this this
incident itself
of them being refused to eat from that
one tree was a daleel
that they were not meant to stay in
Jannah forever.
And also, earlier, when Allah says, I'm going
to create a khalifa for the arth, I'm
going to create a a
a successor
that they meant to stay on the arb.
They were meant to come to Earth.
And that the dwelling in Jannah was meant
to be temporary anyway because mankind was supposed
to live on Earth, not in Jannah. They
were returned eventually to Jannah if they follow
the path that Allah has set out for
them. May Allah make us among those.
So Adam and Aba are told by Allah
almighty to enjoy themselves in Jannah.
Live or dwell. Enter you, o Adam. And
your wife,
Another thing that's in in point highlight is
Allah Right? A lot of people, they they
they tend to call the wife with
a ta at the end, so it would
be.
Right?
And,
in the, in the Arabic language, the word
is referred to the wife as well. So
it doesn't have to have the ta with
it. Allah says and
your wife.
Live in jannah.
And both of you eat from it. Freely
and with delight.
From wherever you want. So there were no
limits set to them except for that one,
which is
do not go near this tree. And this
was trial, and that's from Allah
What was this tree? Was this tree Allah
knows best? Was it,
some scholars say it was a grape, tree,
other than it was an apple,
that he ate, or that we're told not
to eat from. Allah knows best. Allah didn't
tell us the nature of the tree and
that's not important. We have to know that
they refused to do one thing.
And if you do so, you will be
among the wrongdoers.
So another benefit from this ayah is how
Allah talks to them. Allah tell don't doesn't
tell them
Do not eat from this tree. That's not
what you're told. They're told
do not come near it. And this shows
you that the of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
to them when Allah is telling them do
not go near it, that this is a
better and a more preventive measure from staying
away from Haram. Not just don't do it,
don't go near it. This is why when
Allah was talking to us about zina and
adultery and fornication, what did Allah say?
Do not go near zina. And the scholars
derive from that, that means don't do zina,
don't even do anything that might lead you
on that path. So close all doors that
might lead to it.
So this is also
there are some benefits in the wording as
well. Do not go near it.
If you do so, you will be among
the wrongdoers. Why? Because clearly
wrongdoing is when you transgress
upon the laws of Allah
Allah tells you don't do something. If you
don't do it, you're a wrongdoer. You're
If Allah tells you to do something and
you stay away from it, you're as well.
The word
means to slip, slip up.
Right? And it's used a lot of times
in reference to a mistake.
Then the shaitan made them slip.
Right? So they fell into the mistake. Or
was the mistake they ate from shaytan?
The shaytan made them slip.
And he got them out from that which
they were in. He got them out from
that which they were in. So,
what happened?
Clearly, they ate from the food that they
were not supposed to. They ate from the
tree that they were not supposed to. And
this is clear in another verses in the
Quran. Allah explains this in more detail what
happened. So the shaitan
kept on convincing them,
speaking to them,
and
one of the things that he did was,
Allah said in the Quran,
he swore and made an oath to them
That he is among the people that are
giving them good naseeh,
advising them. And among the things says, this
is
This is the if you eat on this
tree,
you will become like the angels.
And those who will live forever. Right? So
he appealed to their,
he said you will gain more power, you
will gain you will live forever. Things that
everyone loves to do. Right? Something that could
appeal to the nature of the human beings.
We all wanna live forever. Hence, Hence, that's
one of the rewards Allah gives us. May
Allah make us among those that live forever
in Jannah.
So
so the shaitan put a lot of work
in,
but Allah
warned them,
the
Adam and Hawa to stay away from shaitan.
In many verses, Allah tells us that he
warned them, but
they became susceptible to his
advances
and they he convinced them to fall into
this trap and to eat from the fruit,
which they did. And as soon as they
did,
all the consequences happened. And here we learn
some of the consequences.
So they slipped off because of shaitan.
Then
the shaytan made them slip
there from and from Jannah as well.
Right? Because they lost Jannah because of this
mistake.
And he got them out from that which
they were in which was the pleasures of
Jannah.
Get down all of you
with enmity between yourselves.
This verse
referring to that now they have been casted
out from Jannah and sent to the earth.
And Allah send that said,
one of you will be the enemy to
the other. And we know that the shaitan
is the enemy of mankind. We know mankind
within themselves will become enemies to each other.
This is just the nature of who we
are.
And on earth will be a dwelling place
for you. This is where you reside from
now on. Early it was
live in Jannah. Now the earth has become
your dwelling place.
Is that forever or will there be a
chance to return to Jannah? No. It's not
forever. Allah says,
and a place for your enjoyment
for a time.
So the time that we're gonna spend on
earth is limited. It is for a time
that we will return back to Allah. And
we know this because we mentioned last week
when Allah
said,
Eventually, you go back to Allah
And that was the case for Adam and
Hawa, and that was the case for Iblis.
Everyone will come back to Allah eventually, but
for now they were cast they were sent
down to earth.
And Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala then said to
them get down all of you. There will
be enmity between yourselves
and for the earth for you will be
a dwelling place a
place of enjoyment
for a period of time.
So that was the consequence
of their actions.
Now
we have
2 mistakes that happened.
Right? The first ever the first mistake the
first sin was what? The fact that
Iblis refused to bow down to Adam because
of his arrogance.
So we know two things now.
We know that
Iblis, his sin
came from a place of arrogance, number 1.
Number 2, we know
Iblis
carried on with his arrogance and didn't repent
didn't repent.
Now you have our father Adam and our
mother Hawa who sinned
not out of arrogance.
Not out of arrogance. They slipped up. They
made a mistake. They let shaytan influence them.
Right? So we know that the origin of
their sin, the reason they committed the sin
was not the same. It wasn't out of
pride. 2, we know they repented to Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala.
And we know from our prophet, sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam, he said,
whoever repents is like the one who didn't
sin at
all. And here we learn an important lesson
in the main moral of the story.
Our father Adam,
who is like us, a human being, who
had the potential to make a mistake and
error, which he did, how did he react
to that?
How did he react to that?
Verse 37.
Then Adam received words from his lord.
And then Allah
accepted his repentance.
Indeed, Allah is the one who accepts repentance
and the one who is the most merciful.
So here we know Adam was taught kalimaat
of Allah. He received words from Allah to
say that resulted in Allah accepting his repentance.
And what were these words? You'll find that
in Surat Al Arof where they said,
Oh our lord, Indeed, we have wronged ourselves.
We have wronged ourselves.
If you do not forgive us, what are
hamna and have mercy on us will
be among the losers. And, of course, Allah
accepted the repentance. You've learned from the story
that if you make a mistake,
ask Allah to forgive you and Allah will
forgive you. Repent on Allah. Allah will accept
your repentance.
Don't be like Iblis
who was arrogant
and that was the reason he sinned. Don't
be like Iblis who never came back from
his mistake. Be more like Adam alaihis salam.
And this is why the prophet said,
every son of Adam often falls into mistakes.
And the best among those who fall into
these errors and these sins are those who
repent to Allah
So
this is the, the story that, we learned
today from Adam alayhi salam. How Allah introduced
the creation of Adam to the angels before
he even creates him, how Allah subhanahu wa
ta'ala intended for him to be a khalifa,
a successive authority
that will establish Allah's laws and rules upon
the land,
that they will,
inherit one another, one after the other generation,
after the generation.
The fact that, yes, they have the potential
to cause corruption and bloodshed, but there will
be many great people from amongst them, which
is why Allah said I know that what
you do not know. We know how among
Adam's virtues is that he was taught the
names of everything
the names of everything. And in Al Murasaba,
on the day of judgment when people are
running to different prophets to intercede on their
behalf,
a lot of people will go to prophet
Adam and they will praise him. And among
the things they will say is,
and Allah has taught you the names of
everything.
We know that Allah establishes his superiority through
knowledge. We also know that the angels, they
constantly praise Allah almighty and they purify themselves.
How Allah
knew about
Iblis, how Iblis is not among the angels
at all and is among the jinn, and
that he,
refused to obey Allah Almighty due to his
arrogance. And instead of looking at the one
who is telling him, he looked at what
is being told, a mistake that many people
fall into. They forget who is commanding you,
and they just focus on the command
itself.
And it's always good to remember that if
Allah is telling to do something, don't worry
about what you're being told. Do it for
you are a servant of Allah almighty. And
then finally, how Adam and Hawa were entered
into Jannah, and they they lived there for
a period of time. But then because of
Shaitan and his influence, they ate on the
food they were not supposed to. And as
a result, they were sent down to earth
which made a dwelling place for them and
their children
and their descendants
for a while. And one day we will
all back return back to Allah
Adam and Hawat received words from their lord
to say, and that word with the word
of repentance is mentioned in Surat Al Araf,
and Allah accepted the repentance for Allah as
the one that not only accepts the repentance
of those who error, but initiated in their
hearts to begin with because he is the
most merciful. I'm gonna stop here at verse
27 today.