Mohammed Hijab – The Academic Problems of Darwinian Evolution

			Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuhu Welcome to an very important show on evolution. I'm here
with Seville Rahman, how you doing? You have a good, a good, one of the researchers at IRA, and
we're going to be discussing Darwinian evolution, how certain let's get started straightaway. So how
certain are we, of Darwinian evolution? And more specifically, I want to ask you, how certain are we
that we have the same ancestors as present day? Let's say chimps. Okay, brilliant question. All I'm
going to do in this show, inshallah, God willing to show the popular narrative, which is, it is as
certain as planetary motion as certain as the planets going round the round the sun, that we are
		

			certain this has happened, because this is the sort of certainty that Darwin is speak with. Okay.
And I'm going to show in the challenging that certain time not, okay, I'm going to show the
academics Not me, right, say it is based on a probabilistic framework, which has multiple
assumptions, which are being challenged and his core concepts are disputed. So are you saying that
what's happening on a popular level is completely different from what's going on in the academic
world? Absolutely. And this is not just something which I'm pointing out. This is something that
even the British government understands that the academia is what's known in academia hasn't
		

			filtered down to the general masses, which is why they run projects to narrow the gap. Right. But
why would say when it comes to Darwin's particular theory, yeah. Richard Dawkins, in the blind
watchmaker, says, Darwin allowed us to be intellectually satisfied atheists before Darwin, it could
have been tenable to be an atheist, right? But he allowed us to be intellectually satisfied
atheists. So because of that, we've got a deliberate campaign by humanists, by atheists by
Darwinists to miss educate the public on this particular issue. sounds quite conspiratorial support.
I mean, it does mean, is it just what you're saying? Or is there some people from like an academic
		

			perspective, they've also made the same kind of claim? Well, what you'll find and this is very, very
interesting is that mainstream secular academics who are themselves like atheists, for example,
James Shapiro, he is a Cambridge educated evolutionary biologist at the University of Chicago. And
he basically says that it's a religion. Lynn Margulis she's again, an atheist, evolutionary
biologist, her and Savior in symbiotic theory is to win every single prize of some sorts. She did.
She won the National Medal of Science, while Clinton gave that to her. So again, she's an atheist.
She called an Anglo Saxon sect, right. Masatoshi Nye, who is a dawn in population genetics and
		

			subfield of evolutionary biology again, another guest.
		

			Yeah, yeah. So he's got these formulas, which are taught at an academic level in libraries across
the world. He has said Darwin, and he doesn't believe in Darwin's mechanism. He believes in his own
mutation driven evolution. He says, Darwin in our field is God. So you can't challenge him. Right?
So these are atheist evolutionary academics saying, This is way more than science, right. And one
other thing, which is very, very important, just a few months ago, there's a book published by
Oxford University by an atheist evolutionary biologist, called Darwinism as religion. So he wasn't a
biologist to philosophy of science. Michael ruse right away, he argues in that book, is that
		

			Darwin's theory is a valid scientific theory. Yes, but it has morphed into a full out religion. No
religion believes in God by religion, nonetheless. Okay, let's get straight into the question I
posed to you. In the beginning of this session, we talked about certainty in terms of evolutionary
theory, you're saying it's not a certain as evolutionists, or let's say even popular atheists are
making out to be So what is your evidence of that? Okay. All of the people I'm going to reference in
this video are people that you can go check out learn, and you can actually find out that what I'm
saying is based on what they're saying, yeah. So first off, if we pick up any book on the philosophy
		

			of biology, philosophy of biology is a subfield in which if you imagine a biologist is studying
organisms, right? And a philosopher of biology studying biologists, how do they come to a
conclusion? So basic book on this is evidence in evolution by Cambridge University, by the
philosopher of biology, Eliot soba, who's an atheist, right? And what he says in this book is this.
The Darwinian evolution is based on a probabilistic framework, okay. And he talks about the multiple
assumptions which are there. Likewise, we have Peter Godfrey Smith, another philosopher biology
printed he published a book with Princeton University called philosophy of biology. Yeah, he's does
		

			he speaks about Bollinger moving away from the tree of life, which we've been told is a fact Okay,
to a web of life. So mainstream secular. These two individuals are atheist, mainstream, secular
universities and individuals and academics. Yeah, admit to three facts, probabilistic framework,
multiple assumptions which are being challenged and
		

			His core concepts are disputed, disputable. Let's stick with two and three because one might be
claimed to be not a problem. Everything in it says in a sense is probabilistic, right? Yeah, sure.
But what we need to be careful about is this. Yeah, remember the narrative, they're telling us,
they're telling us it's as clear it's no brainer. It's as clear as planetary motion. That's not
probabilistic. That's an observation. Right? So it's a very big claim. Okay. So probabilistic
framework is something which automatically lowers that certainty that we're talking about. Okay.
Some would say, though, I mean, we're talking about probabilistic framework we don't have we don't
		

			have a problem with that.
		

			Two and Three, you mentioned some of the main major assumptions, like, we're gonna probably go into
homology or something like this. So before we move on to homology, what we need to realize is this.
Yeah, number one, Darwin, and the way that he framed hysteria, and the way that he propagated it,
yeah, he did it in, I believe, a very honest way. Yeah. And I believe he is a very hardworking
scientist, and many of his works have been misrepresented. Okay. For example, right? If you pick up
a book on evolutionary biology today, a book about Darwinian evolution, like the greatest show on
earth, or Jerry coins, evolution is true, you're just gonna get this theory is true. Here's why it's
		

			true. Here's why it's true. XYZ, okay. When you pick up the origin of species, you find that Darwin,
Brian, the beginning, he says something very, very important. Okay. He says, you can use the facts
that I have in my book to come up with conclusions which are opposite to mine, because he
understands the philosophy of science, the philosophy of science teaches us. One, you can have a
conclusion, you can have observations in the future, which can challenge your previous conclusion,
right, the Black Swan problem problem induction, too, you can always have the same data giving rise
to multiple theories. later on. In chapter six of his book, he speaks about the problems with his
		

			own theory. Now look at the honesty of the man, he puts together a theory. And he puts together a
chapter about the problems with this theory, and he tries to iron them out. And he admits, some of
these problems are unsolvable. Some of these problems are more apparent than real. But I still think
my theory is correct. But one thing that he says in his book, if this fails, his theory fails,
according to him, which is gradualism, that there are variations that take place and evolution works
at a gradualist pace. He said, if this fails, then my theory will absolutely break down. And
evolutionary biologists today understand that gradualism has largely failed. And is this link to
		

			things like punctuated equilibrium? Absolutely. But moreover, I just want to kind of
		

			put a case forward, let's pretend that I'm an evolutionary biologist, and I say, listen, we have a,
we have a range of different data. We have, for example, the fossil record archaeological data, we
have RNA and DNA, we have the baby genome development, animals and things like that all of these
things, triangulate with each other to give you the same conclusion, which is that every living
thing, and the magical words, is in congruence, but also goes back to one life form. So in other
words, we will go back to one, we're all descended from the same kind of singular life form. Sure.
So this is the kind of primary theory or kind of primary presupposition of evolution. How would you
		

			go around you're saying it's not as as clear as planetary motion. But the question is, isn't that
enough evidence you Why is that not enough evidence for you? Okay. It's a very good question. Yeah.
The only way I'm going to change your analogy is, if we were to have a conversation like this, yeah,
it wouldn't be an evolutionary biologist sitting on the other side, because an evolutionary
biologist would know better than that. It's most likely to be a Darwinist, because remember, and he
will not every single evolutionary biologist alone is a Darwinist. Darwin is evolutionary
biologists, right? And evolution is different to Darwinism, okay, pollution simply means biological
		

			change over time, Darwinian evolution is tree of life and the mechanism, okay? First thing, which he
says is very, very important. Let's flesh it out. Okay. So you're claiming as a Darwinist, right?
biochemistry? Yeah. Genetics. Yes. And that to me? Yeah. psychology, sociology, linguistics,
biogeography, the fossil record Bioinformatics, and every other sphere of bylo. The subfields of
biology. can I explain I in congruence, leading up to one conclusion is the very first thing I'll
point out without even knowing any science, okay? That is impossible, because science doesn't
proceed like that. The same data can give rise to multiple conclusions. Okay. So that's the first
		

			point but secondly, if we delve into the data, we realize there's lots of black swans, lots of
recalcitrant facts, facts which have existed theory Yeah, I was just going to ask you to define this
will cause you to in fact, okay, recalcitrant factors, right? I've been accused of murdering Adi Tao
say, Okay, I happen to be accused of murdering on the dollar Thursday at 630.
		

			On the 20th of September, wherever, right now the recalcitrant fact is your an eyewitness, and the
person filming is an eyewitness that you're here down here. That's a recalcitrant fact. Right? So
recalcitrant fact is a factory resists a theory, now within evolutionary biology
		

			We have recalcitrant facts. in genetics, for example, orphan genes. We have recalcitrant facts when
it comes to the fossil record in terms of punctuated equilibrium civilizational evolution, we have
recalcitrant facts when it comes to random mutations in terms of natural genetic engineering. Now,
these may sound like technical terms, but all I want you to understand is, is basically it's not in
congruence. No, in a way, which is only theory, that's in congruence, you can come up with other
theories besides that, right? Because remember, I'm not saying those fields don't lead to Darwinism.
They can, right. But they can also lead to other theories, right. So what you're saying just to kind
		

			of simplify, is, you're saying that the data that we have in front of us can be interpreted in a
range of different ways. And moreover, you're saying that if we want to stick to the fine kind of
structure of Darwinian evolution, and we want to try and create what you would think is like a line
of best fit, you'd see a lot of anomalous sort of dots on the scatter graph, it wouldn't be just one
line of best fit every theory, every dose. And the other thing is, look, I believe Darwin's theory
to be a valid scientific model theory.
		

			But I but I think the reason why people get confused is because they conflate science with truth,
right? Science gives you workable models of our reality, which are falsified. It doesn't give you
truth with a capital T. That's the beauty of science. They keep changing, keeps evolving, keeps
changing. As we get new data, I've got some questions for you. One of them is that you've mentioned
in the things that you are mentioning as a subfield of biological change over time.
		

			You mentioned a few things like civilizational, or you call it basically how animals act together.
sociological, sociological behavior, yeah, sociological behavior of animals. So is it the case that
here, for example, chimps and human beings have the same sociological, other behaviors more similar
from a sociological perspective, according to, again, mainstream evolutionary biologists, this is
where we have homoplasy homo, please, these are similarities are not due to common descent. So we
have Okay, hold on a little bit, once again, to simplify. Sure. So you've got two key terms here.
Yep. Right. One of them is homology. Yeah. And the opposite of that are more places. So can we
		

			quickly just show mine right? homology is an assumption. Yes, similarities are due to common
descent. Common descent. So I have all the similarities that we see in the animal kingdom, is due to
is a result of the fact that we are from the same, let's say, it's assumed the way this common
answer common answers. And this is the assumption of homology goes back to the Padma Purana, 3000
years ago, the ancient Indians, now Hindus, because they're philosophers, they will not notice. So
when it comes to homology, if someone uses it as an assumption, there's nothing wrong per se, if
someone says this, and I want you to really argue this contest, you know, they use this argument all
		

			the time. similarities are due to common descent, right? Hey, look, similarities exist. Therefore,
similarities are due to common descent. Right? What's wrong with that argument? A circular circular?
Sadly, we will find even documentaries using this sort of circular reasoning. Is this something
which is fleshed out in the academic world? what you're saying? Because what you're saying here is
actually quite profound. Let's be honest here. You're saying that the foundation of evolutionary
Darwinian evolutionary models was the one that we kind of acquainted with, which is homology, one of
the main assumptions, everything that it goes back to kind of common descent or the differences or
		

			the some sort of similarities that we see. That is, that is due to common descent.
		

			You're saying that actually, this itself, this foundational thing cannot be proven in and of itself?
Yeah. Is that your is that your claim? I'm not claiming this. I am going to give you an example of
someone who points this out. Now, evolution, this is not your claim. No, not my claim. And I'm gonna
give you an example. evolutionary biologists, they don't use this circular reasoning. This is used
by people who are popularizes. Okay. All they say is we assume it and they carry on. There's nothing
wrong with it. Okay. Ronald Brady. He's a philosopher of biology. Yes, in mainstream secular
academic, he published a paper in a journal called cladistics. called on the, on the independence of
		

			systematics. And what he goes on to say is this, this line of reasoning is circular. Right? If you
want to, if you want to say that homology is true, you have to come up with an independent argument
and use this because it certainly is something which doesn't seem like you can put under a
microscope on you can't. So how can you prove it? You can't you can't use an assertion. Okay, you
move on. So if it's an assumption, and it can't be proven, what you're effectively saying is that
that which holds the house of the foundations which holds the house of Darwinian evolution, itself
are unsound or not ensemble unprovable? Of course, that's what you're saying? Well, that's not what
		

			I'm saying. This is what that's what's being said. And that's why being said an academic well,
because no one tries to prove assumptions. So that's very profound. What it is, it is if we
understand that the popular understanding is different to the academic understanding, but it's not
profound for an academic for it. See, so they find how do basically, evolutionary biologists or
Darwinists reconcile this because how can they How can they be
		

			Certain about something which hasn't got, which has, you could even say axiomatic type
presuppositions. Okay. Now this is where it gets really interesting. I find the language of people
like Richard Dawkins, very interesting because he is, after all, somebody who is seen as an
authority in this field, although he is not he is referred to as a science journalist. But what he
does say in public is different to what he sometimes writes in books, right. lesser known works. So,
for example, when he met Hamza in Ireland during the 2011 world atheist convention, you know, he was
talking about, you don't believe in evolution is just as clear as planetary motion, right? Yeah.
		

			Yeah. In his book, a devil's Chaplin, right. He goes on to say in this book that future facts, and
I'm quoting him verbatim, future facts may come to light, which will force our successors of the
21st century to abandon Darwinism, or modify beyond recognize, wow, wow, right. Now what what's
basically going on here is this. He knows what he's talking about. He's an intelligent guy, right?
But there's two terms that need to be divorced, evolution and Darwinian evolution. This is what's
causing the so if I, if I say to you this thing, right? I say is there a doctor in the house, we
need a doctor. And there's a brother who has a PhD in philosophy. It's not the same thing. This is a
		

			medical doctor. That's a fallacy of equivocation. This is what the Darwinists have been doing.
They've been saying evolution is true. Look, the cells dividing, they're doing this, you know,
you're back microbiology, microbiology, antibiotic medicine. And they use that to extrapolate to
huge amounts of history. Right, not the same thing at all. It's a fallacy of equivocation. Let me
ask you a question straight up. We've got some archaeological evidence of Lucy of all of these
		

			different
		

			things. Isn't this an evidence? Could this not be put into our database of evidences of the
truthfulness of human chimp ancestry? Good question. All I would do and I've said this previously,
and there's no paleontologist in the world who would disagree if somebody disagrees, please let us
know you've and you've debated Aaron raw, and he's a paleontologist, isn't he? Well, he studied
paleontology, right? But this is a mainstream thing, which is understood in evolutionary biology.
Okay. There are four assumptions when they look at Lucio look at anything, okay. Number one is the
assumption of naturalism. naturalism is everything has to be explained naturalistically. Hence why
		

			Darwin said if there was no fossils, it still be true. Right? Because it does. It doesn't matter. It
doesn't matter. Because the assumption is that this is really axiomatic. Yeah, of course. It's
incorrect. So now becomes a self fulfilling prophecy. Well, actually, the the analogy that I think
is good is, you know, have you ever been to a circus where they have a tightrope, and they think
they're doing a cross? Yeah, I've seen that. Yeah. beneath it, they have a safety net. Right. Okay.
So above, if you like, that's the science, if they fall down, the naturalism is a safety net. Right,
right. All right, Henry D. In his book, The Accidental species, misunderstanding the human
		

			evolution. He's an atheist evolutionary biologist. He's the senior editor of nature, which is the
most prestigious journal in the world. It's like premier way about people like Dawkins, he says in
his book, The same thing, he says, if there's no fossils, human, chimp ancestry still be true. And
he says that because of homology, no, naturalism, the assumption of naturalism. And wouldn't that be
coupled with the with the but there's four assumptions that are separate, right? second assumption
is homology, right? third assumption is there's only one origin, right? Which is why humans, chimps
have to be put together, you me a blade of grass and elephant, an octopus or family will find me
		

			because of the assumption of one origin. Yeah, that's an assumption. Fourthly, this is extremely
important, right? Even if these assumptions didn't exist, this is the most fundamental assumption.
Okay, go ahead. And this is the one that's most challenged gone from to get from A to Zed, we need a
mechanism, right? And that's natural selection, right? If the mechanism fails, and history fails,
imagine there's a bridge, you got two structures on either side, then you've got a beam, these
structures are the mechanism of natural selection, the Tree of Life is the trajectory, right? If
these structures break, the tree breaks, so you're saying this challenge was a challenge? Well,
		

			anybody who knows the basics of evolutionary biology knows the mechanism is being challenged by
mainstream academics by a host of alternatives. Evolution by self organization, new mutation ism,
Yamaha neo lamarckism, that's become very popular as he had dead theory which came back to life now.
Right, right. There's also attended. Yes, that's a good point. And there's also evolution by natural
genetic engineering all these fringe. Of course, they're, they're very fringe, they are fringe, but
what we have to understand is epistemically. Something may be fringe, but it's epistemic, Lee equal.
Right. Okay. So what you're saying here,
		

			tell me what you're saying. So if someone comes in a nutshell, let's try and say this. To summarize
something to kind of summarize. Yeah.
		

			Assume I'm someone who's absolutely convinced as a matter of certainty that a Darwinian evolution is
true and be okay that humans
		

			chimp ancestry is certainly the case. Okay. I'm going to come up to you and say listen, I believe a
and b, what would be in a in a kind of summarized nutshell? Your response? to show them that it's
not certain. Okay, good question. Yeah. I would. Firstly, if I literally had no time, I would ignore
the science. Yeah. Simply go to the philosophy of science, a philosophy of science is based upon
limited set of data generalizations, future data, which can challenge the previous theory, the same
data can give rise to multiple theories. Yeah. Just based on those two things. You shouldn't be
searching about anything in science, because pick up any book on the philosophy of science, such as
		

			philosophy of science, a new introduction by Oxford University, yeah. In it, it says, No, no
scientific theory, no scientific conclusion can be concrete proof, you can always change. Right?
Okay. And the second thing about human chimp ancestry, what why would simply do human chimp ancestry
is based upon four assumptions, homology, naturalism, the mechanism and a single origin. Yes.
Secondly, all of Darwinian evolution is based on a probabilistic framework, which has assumptions,
and which is disputable. And somebody may turn around and say to me, you have a smooth, who cares?
99% of biologists believe in Darwinian evolution. I would say to them, Well, guess what, so do I.
		

			But what does believe me, they believe it to be a valid theory. It doesn't mean they believe it to
be absolutely true. The same thing with me, as a Muslim, I believe it to be a valid theory.
plausible theory. I'm not saying it's impossible, but it's not absolutely true. And obviously, for
Islamic reasons, you would opt out of believing that human beings have a common ancestor with a
chimp. No, I would, but I wouldn't even have to be a Muslim to do that. Right? Because, for example,
someone like David stove, he's that mainstream atheist, philosopher of Darwinian fairytales. Darwin
fairytales his popular book, also, yeah, people like Jerry Fodor, his book, what Darwin got wrong.
		

			And interestingly, and I think we didn't actually mention this point. They understand it's not
absolute. But interestingly, this point we didn't actually mentioned, Darwin's theory is unique for
five reasons. Going. There's nothing, no other theory in the history of science, which has these
things. Number one, according to mainstream secular academics, is turned into a secular religion,
according to even dominance themselves to
		

			influence politics, and it became into its own political system within itself. Starling read the
origin of species that led him to atheism. When he killed people. He said he thought he was doing
natural selection, third, and ethical system people get a meaning of it. You know, they they could
drive morality for me. Fourthly, we have Spencer, social, of course, absolutely. Full. We have mass
propaganda, we have the popular perception and we have academia. And five, this is extremely
important is that apart from it being a religion apart from it, the the sociological aspect of it,
so the religion, the political aspect, the ethical aspect, the
		

			propaganda. sociologically, if you go up to somebody and say, Do you believe in this theory that
Yeah, believe it to be true masses of people believe it to be true? If you ask them for a whiff of
evidence, it's just scratching the surface. They don't know. And I've experienced this myself, and I
just want to end upon this. Yes. in Stanford, they did an experiment about social conformity. And
they put three lines on the board. And there was a group group of people. One of them was a test
subject, the rest of them were actors. And they have lines ABC, so they went off to everyone. Which
line is the shortest, the shortest was c? This guy lied and said, ay, ay, ay, ay, ay, ay came to the
		

			test subject, all the rest of them are fake. He denied his own perception. And he said, he, even
though he knew see was the smallest, which goes to show that human beings are social creatures. We
go with the flow, and we accept things because of authority without actually questioning them. And
Darwin's theory is unique in the sense that you have millions of people who believe in it, it's a
it's a materialistic story for capitalism. And it is something which is accepted without any
evidence. Tell us tell us so you want to say Lhasa? Yeah, that's it. There's five things about
Darwin's theory, which is unique. Okay. Tell us about this. What's this? This is a project called
		

			Darwinian delusions. And the only purpose is to ship all over the ship. Well, the HMS Beagle 1859 to
Thailand, right. So what it basically is this, I want to make it clear what delusions is. I'm not
saying somebody who believes that to be a valid scientific theory is diluted, I say, YouTube
channels, the YouTube channel.
		

			This is to show that if you believe is certain, and if you want to bring your if you want to bring
meaning of life on if you bring morality of it, you know, from Darwin to Hitler, you should read
this book, right? How he led the Nazis to do what they were actually doing in terms of their social
Darwinism, then I would say you're pretty diluted because this is a valid scientific theory, but
it's not the gospel truth. Interesting Interesting. Interesting. People are gonna be going on that
and Charla and subscribing to it and listening to more of support
		

			His research is really truly eye opening. And I'm sure even if you're not a Muslim or let's say even
if you are a Darwinian evolutionist, you should be challenging, challenging yourself and not really
kind of relying on like the social narrative. I mean, at the end of the day, social narratives
change. And the way they do change is by critical inquiry, and I do invite everyone to critically
examine under the microscope of objectivity, the truthfulness of Darwinian evolution based on the
information and obviously this is going to be a good YouTube channel for you to subscribe to.
Anyways, for until next time. Assalamu alaikum warahmatullah over again, Sonali.