Abu Taymiyyah – Fiqh Of Fasting Part 9 Rulings On Itikaaf Hanbali Fiqh
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Then the author
gave him a long life.
He moves on to the chapter of iatikaf
and it's a very very short chapter. It
only consists of 3 lines of poetry. It
says,
So now I begin to speak about Aliatikaf.
Aliatikaf is convenient and befitting to be mentioned
and spoken about
when the issues of siyam are being discussed.
Why? When does the Atikav normally take place?
And the last 10?
Nice, right? It's highly more recommended then.
Okay? But the Atikav can be carried out
on any day of the year.
Any day of the year.
Okay? But we're gonna come on today inshallah.
So the tariq, he first begins to speak
about
the definition of
Ma'am,
it is to
remain in the Masjid
or to have a spiritual
seclusion in the Masjid
with the purpose of gaining closeness to Allah
subhanahu
wa ta'ala.
That's very very important that we know.
To remain
in the masjid by having
a spiritual seclusion for the purpose.
Of gaining closeness to Allah subhanahu
wa ta'ala.
Okay?
And then he goes on to say, why
you send
no. And it is also sunnah.
To say sunnah, and that's the hunkum of
what?
Whether it is in the month of Ramadan
or outside the month of Ramadan that this
is an act that is recommended for a
person to engage in.
Only we now
does a vow to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
They've Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala gives a method
in 5 kids.
Then I'm going to go and do a
tikaaf in Masdil Haram
for 20 days.
He has now made a wajib upon himself.
And he has to come with it.
He must come with it. But this is
not something insha Allahu ta'ala we're going to
be discussing in this setting. Maybe next time
because
this may may not necessarily now,
be
convenient
because firstly the author
He didn't go and discuss this issue but
maybe later on we discuss these issues quite
much deeper, we'll discuss it.
He says sunnah, so seize the opportunity.
Seize the opportunity.
Is there a specific virtue with regards to
it? Does anybody know a hadith about the
virtues
of fasting?
Sorry, doing at tikav in the last 10
days?
Anybody?
Imam Ahmed was
asked by Imam Abu Dawood.
Imam Abu Dawood, we hear him all the
time, right? Narrated by Abu Dawood
He was from the students of Imam Muhammad.
He asked him, do you know
any hadith
that speak about the virtues of
He said, la illa shayam baifan. He said,
no, I only know some narrations that are
weak.
So what is the virtue? What is that?
You know, that can really encourage an individual
to go and do such thing.
Firstly, we know that the messenger sallallahu alaihi
wasallam,
he don't have to care for, right?
Many narrations.
Is something that is known, but anybody who
studies and opens up the books of fiqh,
opens up the books of hadith, the Messenger
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, he done, yeah.
The mere fact that the messenger salallahu alaihi
wasallam done so
That's enough of an honor for a person
to go and imitate the Messenger SallAllahu Alaihi
Wasallam.
And Allah Azzawajal told us,
You have a perfect example in the messenger
salallahu
alaihi wasallam.
Okay?
And not only that,
Allah
also said in the Quran,
Whoever obeys Allah as the wazan, his messenger,
does the things the messenger
does right,
they are going to be who?
Who? Those who Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala has
bestowed their favors upon them.
With the prophets.
Those who are truthful.
Those who are martyrs and also what?
And what an excellent
company to be
in.
And not only that my brothers and my
sisters, this was the guidance of who?
The forefathers of the Messenger
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam Ibrahim and also
We made a covenant with Ibrahim and also
Ishmael that they purify the Masjid.
For who?
Those who do tawaf and also those who
do tikaf.
Those
who bow down to Allah and also do
the sujood.
So this was their sunnah.
This was their sunnah. And Allah says in
the Quran,
They are the people that Allah
guided
and take their guidance as a guidance.
And the Hikma, my brothers and my sisters,
this is very very very important. The Hikma
behind one doing at tikaf
is what?
As Imrutaym
mentions, that one can completely
devout his heart
solely for Allah
in the atikaf.
Away from all types of things that is
going to distract and busy his heart.
They completely devouse
and empties his heart only for Allah
When he is in that spiritual seclusion.
So anything now that is going to distract
him when doing a tikaf defeats the purpose
of a tikaf.
So it doesn't make sense for one now
to bring in what?
His phone.
Which is one of the greatest of distractions
of a person in his life. Forget about
the issue of just
His deen, it is distracting him.
That's very very important that we know.
You're going into a tikaf, you're inside and
you're outside at the same time. You're inside
and you're outside.
Whatever's going around in the world, akhir you're
there in the masjid and it's busying you.
You with me guys?
Allahi, the phone is one of those things
that have that has destroyed people's times. It
really has.
Before you know it, half of your day
is gone when you're just on the phone
watching this and I'm watching that.
Makes your heart so so tight.
Not only does it make it tight, blackens
it as all.
Because of you being able to just go
and see everything that is haram, so easily
accessible.
Scrolling in Instagram, going in through Twitter, looking
at the opposite gender, so easy to do,
right?
Not only does it destroy somebody's time,
can destroy his heart as well. That's why
the poet he said,
I began to dislike the net
until my chest became so tight.
And the reason why I dislike the internet
for a number of reason.
And because of it is, it is due
to it being a very deep ocean.
And you find that it takes so much
of your time. Am I wrong, guys?
You go on YouTube, you watch 1 video,
recommend the section. Oh, next one. Next one.
Next one. Next one.
Your Instagram, scrolling down, scrolling on. You don't
scroll down on Instagram, do you?
And you scroll up, scroll
up. But Facebook you scroll down.
And likewise
on Twitter you scroll up.
So matayi qon al Atikaf. When is Atikaf?
It can be on any day of the
year,
except that it is more recommended for it
to be
in the last 10. And what is the
hikm of it being on the last 10?
The messenger sallallahu alaihi wa sallam he told
us, hadil be sayyid, Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
said,
The messenger
initially, he done
the first 10 nights.
Why? Because he was looking for later turqaddar.
And then the minstulillah adaniatikav,
the second 10 days of the month.
And
then,
Jibril came to me,
It was said to me,
The laylatulqadr
is in the last 10 days,
or the last 10 nights
And whoever from amongst you the messulillah said
to them, once they do so
in the last 10 days. So the people
they don't have tikaf with them. Because initially
the messaliliyah didn't know when the layatul other
was going to be.
One time even the messenger wanted to come
out and tell them exactly
when laylatul Qadr is.
One time said, he came out,
He knew what laylatul kadr was, but he
ended up seeing 2 people disputing and arguing
with one another.
But then that piece of knowledge
was raised. It disappeared.
Took a very nice benefit from this. He
says,
Disputations,
argumentations, what does it do?
It deprives 1 from benefiting.
It deprives 1 from
benefiting.
And this is why when a person is
seeking knowledge, one of the things that he
should try to stay away from as much
as possible is quarrels,
disputations, and argumentations.
He goes and learns a hadith and fiqh,
sitting there debating with the guy, Akhifah,
time on end.
Why don't you just seek, seek knowledge, seek
knowledge, seek knowledge?
And then he goes on to say
Some of the conditions.
1st condition that he mentioned is Islam. It
needs to be Muslim.
The kafir goes decides and decides to do
atikab in a masjidim lalalahi.
He says tikaf doesn't get accepted.
He says tikaf doesn't get accepted.
For every action that one does, there needs
to be 3 conditions. 1 Islam, 2nd ikhlas,
and 3rd
has to be in accordance with the guidance
of the messrahalaihi wa sallam. Because Allah says,
Whoever
desires other than the religion of Islam, it
won't be accepted from him.
All his good deeds that he done, he
will be like what? Scatter particles.
2nd condition I was mentioned
He can't be somebody who is majoon.
Guys know what majoon is? Somebody who
has totally lost his
sanity.
Somebody
insane. Sometimes a dad comes, he wants to
bring his child who doesn't have sanity.
This could be the reason why everybody else
becomes affected in the atikaf.
And not only that, it is not what
mandatory upon him.
This kid is married.
He's sick.
He needs riya.
He needs one to look after him
and be there for him.
You see? And he's not going to be
getting any reward for it, Aslan.
As opposed to a young child who hasn't
who has who hasn't reached the age of
puberty. If he does a good deal, he
gets accepted from him.
As for the majoon, there's no benefit in
there for him whatsoever.
The 3rd condition that was mentioned was,
he has to come with the correct intention.
If one is going into the masjid
because he was asleep.
Do you remember when I mentioned the tareef,
the definition of a tikaf?
What was the important
point that I mentioned right end?
It has to be for the purpose of
what? Gaining closest to Allah azza wa Jal.
Not because you guys want to have an
end of month party or get together.
Or let's all get together in the mizdah,
everybody is going, let me go there as
all. Oh, I just want our life, feel
tired. You know, my mom, she gave me
a hard time at home, I just wanna
go sleep in the masjid.
Or I'm going into a clash with my
wife, let me just get away from her,
the masjid.
It's a place where I can take shelter.
He asked to be for the purpose of
what?
Gaining closeness to Allah
And then he goes on to say
Okay?
For other than a woman,
it has to be in a masjid
where the
5 daily prayers are established.
Because we know
that if one is in
range, is in distance,
okay, and you can hear the Adan or
if you can't hear the adhan, if the
adhan was to be announced, was to be
called, he would be able to hear it.
He has to come to the Masjid. Right?
And I spoke about this yesterday.
Attending the salatul jama'a
is wajib.
A blind man came to the Masjid
I don't have somebody that can take me
to the masjid.
(QS.
3) I said, Okay, no problem.
Can you hear the He said, yes. He
goes, go answer the call.
This is a blind man.
So, what is the hukum of Iatikaf?
What is his ruling?
Sunnah, right? So attending the jama'ah.
It's wajib, it's a farat. So now we
have,
if a one doesn't do at tikaf in
a masjid where the 5 daily prayers are
established.
We have a sunnah and also wajib crashing
with one another. Which one do we give
precedence to?
Wajib. Without a shadow without shadow of a
daw.
And we learned this in from
the
from the Qawaid
that we learn is the issue pertaining al
Masalih and Mahasid.
Sometimes you have
a bunch of good deeds clashing with one
another.
What do we need to do?
When you have a bunch of good deeds
clashing with one another, you're in a predicament.
You have to do this or you have
to do that?
Which one do you give precedence to?
That which has what?
A greater
value,
or a greater higher position in the Sharia.
So now you have,
let's just say for example, one wanted to
go to a masjid where they don't establish
the jama'ah.
And as we're gonna come into inshallah wa
ta'ala later, and we already discussed this or
we touched on it, When one does what
does he have to do? He has to
stay in al Masjid.
He has to stay there.
Otherwise,
it's going to work. Invalidated.
And then we also have what a of
going to the jannah. That means he has
to keep leaving. So we have that clashing
with a sunnah.
And without a shadow of a doubt, that
which is more important and has greater value
in the sharia is what? The salatul jama'ah.
Another example of this, we know the
man whose wife went out for hajj,
in the time of the Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam
Messenger he said,
I'm just giving examples so we understand this
principle, but it comes in very very handy.
Very handy.
Sometime when you have a bunch of that
you wanna do, you're in a predicament, shall
I do this and you're scratching your head.
Which one should I do?
So you have now the mess salallahu alaihi
wa sallam said, one should not travel. A
woman should not travel except
if she is now accompanied
with a Maharam.
So Mani said, he stood up and he
said,
I have been told or I've been now
subscribed to go and participate in that battle
of jihad.
What did the messiah say to him? He
said,
The messiah told him to leave of jihad.
That was Fardu'ain upon him.
This is not just a,
a voluntary time of jihad. This was Fardu'ain
upon him.
The Imam specifically said, you you need to
go.
And if the Imam appoints somebody, he becomes
wajib.
What did miss salallahu alaihi wa sallam say
to him? He said, Fahuj ma'am go with
your wife and do Hajj with her.
So you have now what? 2 Wajibs
clashing with one another.
What did he tell him to do? Tell
them to go with that one.
And sometimes both of them are wajib
But even the level of wajib differs sometimes.
And through looking at the nusos, the text
it allows us to put a what? In
order.
Which one we should go for? Taib. Another
example I'll give it to you guys.
Sorry guys, when I when I when I
talk about qawah ad alfakhihah,
I I see such a need that people
need to have.
Your mom,
she told you to attend
the end of year
school party.
You with me guys?
And she's encouraging you, go with your friends,
you know, I want you to go and
We know that one has to obey his
parents. Right?
Whatever your parents say, you always have to
do.
Accept in one case. What is that case?
If they tell you to do some Al
Haram.
And the messenger of Allah is, what did
he say?
No obedience to the creation, even means disobedience?
To the Creator.
Obeying your parents is wajim.
You're obeying Allah also?
But which one takes precedence?
Allah That doesn't mean you throw in their
face when they tell you to do some
haram.
Try to talk to them very nicely
with rif, and you lower your
As
As Allah said, don't say off to them.
Don't tell them off. But lower your wing
be, you know.
So this is very very important. Now you
have these 2 wajibs,
got the wajib
of this and then the wajib of that,
you need to put it
into proper order, what you need to go
and embark and do.
Well, there So here you had a sunnah
and also you have
salatuljamah
which is
a wajid.
So here he says, for
other than a woman it has to be
a masjid. As for a woman,
does she have to go
to a masjid,
where the 5 daily prayers are established?
Answer is no.
The answer is no. Because the salawatuljama'ah
is not
it's no man's story punishing a prayer at
home.
And here
they said masjid,
babe,
Is it a must that I stay in
the prayer hall or can I be in
any part of the Masjid?
It's a masjid.
Masjid where you pray. The reason why it
was called a masjid,
where you do a sujood.
You do sujood in the office
or on the roof.
In the madam Imam
Any part of the masjid.
Any part of the Masjid. As long as
the place is closed off.
You guys been to Mazzeefur Khan, right?
Mazifurkhan
has a car park right in the front
and he has a gate like that. Somebody
wanted to get a tent and put it,
they can do that. If you want it
to be on top of the roof, you
can do that.
Can be in the little office on the
second floor, you can do that.
You with me guys? Any part of the
masjid and it doesn't necessarily have to be
in the prayer hall. If you wanted to
be in the basement, want it to be
on the staircase up to him.
With regards to
We also know that it is a sunnah
for a woman to go into
And this is what the wives of the
missus salalahu alaihi wa sallam, Yeah. As they
came in the hadith.
And also the messrahlalli wives will do it
and after his death they carried on doing
it.
It says sunnah for them just like it's
sunnah for the men but with 3 conditions.
The first condition is that she is,
Tahera.
She's not an amenses.
It's the conditions that the hanaabi lah, they
put down.
In fact, there's a position of Arba'at with
him.
2nd condition is
that,
with them doing a tikaf and a masjid,
it has to be what? Safe from fitna.
Not that a masjid ends up being what
so small, they're right at the back and
they're in the front,
that defeats the purpose of your tikaf.
Your heart is gonna be distracted, especially if
you end up seeing a girl that's attractive
to you.
What do we mention? Where is the hegma
behind
doing?
As a mentioned,
that the heart
totally devours it for the purpose of Allah
Anything
that's going to distract you, it's far away
from it. Say women are at the back
there and then this guy is here.
It's gonna be fitna, right?
And then the third one,
that the husband gives a permission.
Husband gives a permission. We know the messenger
of Islam told us in the hadith of
Rasul.
The voluntary type of fasting.
It's not permissible for a woman to fast,
the voluntary fast, while her husband is present.
Because he might want her, right? Might wanna
do stuff with her. And if she's fasting,
he can't.
I'll Labid, they accept with his
permission.