Tofael Nuruddin – Cognitive Colonization and the Palestinian Condition

Tofael Nuruddin
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The speakers emphasize the importance of understanding the natural world and the political philosophy of the people. They also discuss cultural differences between the western and Islamic stages of Islam, including de symbolization of religion and dehumanization of the Prophet's vision of the sun. The speakers stress the importance of educators and settling conflict in India for peace, while also reminding listeners to stay out of current situations and focus on peace.

AI: Summary ©

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			Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem.
		
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			Alhamdulillahi Rabbil Alameen, wassalatu wassalamu ala Sayyidina wa
		
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			Habibina Muhammadin wa ala alihi wa ashabihi ajma
		
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			'in.
		
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			Welcome everybody to another project, the Hiyaa podcast.
		
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			Alhamdulillah we have with us here today an
		
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			important guest who's going to be discussing with
		
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			us an important topic and really it's a
		
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			topic that underlies much of what has been
		
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			bearing heavy on the minds of a lot
		
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			of people because of the events of the
		
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			last week.
		
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			We know the turmoil that's happening in the
		
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			Middle East between the Palestinians and the occupying
		
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			state of Israel.
		
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			So inshallah, we want to get into what
		
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			is one of the core issues, what is
		
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			driving all of the violence and the bloodshed
		
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			there.
		
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			And really it's settler colonialism and a lot
		
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			of the policies and the mentality that comes
		
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			with it and the fruits of that.
		
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			So inshallah, today we have with us Mufti
		
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			Tufail Nooruddin, who's an instructor at Baitul Hamd
		
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			Institute.
		
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			Mufti Sahib, he holds an Aalim degree from
		
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			Darul Uloom Azadvil as well as an Iftar
		
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			degree from Jamia Qasimul Uloom.
		
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			Mufti Tufail is also currently pursuing an MA
		
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			in Philosophy from Columbia University.
		
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			So without further ado, inshallah, we're going to
		
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			get into this topic.
		
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			This is a pertinent topic.
		
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			I think everybody's been thinking about what's going
		
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			on.
		
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			We know the situation that is going on.
		
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			It didn't start a week ago.
		
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			It has begun, it began you know, 75,
		
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			you know, close to a hundred years ago
		
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			almost and it's something that's a remnant of
		
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			a different age of actual settler colonialism where
		
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			much of the Muslim world was colonized.
		
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			Inshallah, we'll go into the details of that
		
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			and Mufti Sahib, inshallah, we'll talk about it.
		
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			What were the effects of colonization?
		
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			How many Muslims actually brought themselves out of
		
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			colonization or didn't bring themselves out of colonization?
		
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			What parts of colonization have left their mark
		
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			and how have different societies, Muslim societies, managed
		
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			or attempted to erase the effects of colonization?
		
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			So inshallah, without further ado, I'm not going
		
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			to take much time.
		
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			He's going to do a presentation and we'll
		
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			interject, inshallah, wherever we have questions or maybe
		
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			clarification that we need.
		
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			Before I hand it over to Mufti Sahib
		
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			to give us his presentation, if Hafiz Musa
		
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			'ib, you want to say something before we
		
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			start?
		
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			As-salamu alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu.
		
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			Likewise, welcome to Murana Tufail and just want
		
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			to say that this podcast was already pre
		
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			-scheduled.
		
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			Before this whole conflict, we had already scheduled
		
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			this podcast on colonialism, but it's much more
		
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			relevant now given the prevailing situation.
		
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			Before I hand it over to Mufti Tufail,
		
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			I'd like to request all the viewers, please
		
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			subscribe to the channel and give the video
		
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			a thumbs up.
		
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			It'll just take a second and it'll give
		
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			the video a lot more reach.
		
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			So without any further ado, please, inshallah, Murana
		
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			Tufail, you can go ahead and go ahead
		
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			with your intro.
		
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			Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim.
		
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			Alhamdulillah, wa salamu alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu,
		
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			jazakumullahu khair for inviting me on the show.
		
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			I think this is a great and also
		
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			very pertinent and relevant topic given the time.
		
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			Before we get started, I just want to
		
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			kind of highlight the fact that the approach
		
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			that I'll be taking to colonization, it's not
		
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			a typical understanding of colonization that we usually
		
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			have.
		
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			Generally, when we talk about colonization, we're talking
		
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			about a geographic annexation, right?
		
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			We're talking about a kind of external force
		
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			that came into certain lands and decided to
		
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			take over those lands to exploit the people
		
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			economically and kind of govern those lands.
		
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			That's the usual understanding of colonization that we
		
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			understand.
		
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			However, what I really want to focus on
		
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			is the cognitive aspect of colonization.
		
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			Number one, what does it take for the
		
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			colonizer to be the colonizer?
		
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			What does it take for the colonizer to
		
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			psychologically permit themselves to commit the kind of
		
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			actions that they do undertake?
		
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			And also, what does it mean for a
		
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			people to be colonized?
		
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			And what does it take?
		
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			What is really the kind of intrinsic cognitive
		
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			relationship between the colonizer and the colonized?
		
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			So that's kind of what I want to
		
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			focus on.
		
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			And the reason for that is because a
		
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			lot of people will say that colonization is
		
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			over, the days of colonialism are over.
		
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			However, that's a misunderstanding because if we see
		
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			the common ingredient that's found in colonization, what
		
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			we'll see is that not only is it
		
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			still very much alive, but there are new
		
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			ways that are used to perpetuate this vicious
		
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			cycle of colonization.
		
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			And we'll see that there's neo-colonial forces
		
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			and neo-imperial forces.
		
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			And this will all make sense, inshallah, once
		
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			we start to understand what exactly it is.
		
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			So if we follow the slides, inshallah, I
		
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			think it'll make sense a little more for
		
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			us to understand exactly what we're talking about.
		
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			The way we can understand colonialism is first,
		
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			we have to understand what exactly is a
		
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			worldview, right?
		
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			A worldview is that which an individual or
		
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			a society really just views the world with,
		
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			right?
		
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			So their epistemology, basically what they consider true
		
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			and what they consider false.
		
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			How do they know that things are true
		
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			and not?
		
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			Their ontology, like what is real, what is
		
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			not real?
		
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			Their ethics, right?
		
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			What is considered good?
		
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			What is considered bad?
		
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			Their aesthetics, right?
		
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			What is considered beautiful?
		
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			What is considered ugly?
		
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			And really, I think these are kind of
		
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			the meta questions that we all process the
		
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			world through, right?
		
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			And what the colonizer you know, essentially what
		
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			the place that they stem from, and you'll
		
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			find this commonality in all colonizing forces is
		
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			that there is this sense of superiority, right?
		
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			And there's this sense of dehumanization that happens
		
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			towards the colonized.
		
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			That's the only way that, you know, cognitively
		
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			and psychologically they can kind of permit themselves
		
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			to commit the atrocities, right?
		
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			And if you look, you know, in the
		
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			in the writings of political philosophers in the
		
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			British empire from the 1700s and the 1800s,
		
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			you'll see people, you know, like John Locke,
		
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			you'll see before him, you know, Thomas Hobbes,
		
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			you'll see after him, you know, John Stuart
		
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			Mill.
		
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			In their writings they have an entire, you
		
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			know, political rationalization.
		
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			For example, Thomas Hobbes will explain why we
		
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			need the state, right?
		
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			And he has his, you know, theoretical state
		
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			of nature in which basically it's a free
		
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			-for-all, there's no rights, you know, people
		
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			are living without any kind of rule, without
		
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			any kind of leviathan over them.
		
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			And so it's a kind of free-for
		
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			-all over there and so that we can
		
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			have rights and we can have a right
		
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			to property and we can basically focus on
		
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			other things than, you know, defending ourselves.
		
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			Thomas Hobbes, his idea is that we come
		
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			to this kind of tacit, this silent, you
		
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			know, social contract, what he calls the social
		
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			contract, right?
		
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			And, you know, from there he has this
		
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			whole like rationalization, why we must have governments
		
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			and why people must obey the government.
		
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			And then, you know, he goes on to
		
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			kind of conveniently say that but all of
		
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			these rules they don't apply to, and actually
		
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			the example that he gives of a state
		
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			of nature is the natives here in America,
		
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			which is very interesting because natives did have,
		
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			you know, political governance, not in the way
		
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			that, you know, the British were used to.
		
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			They had their own, you know, leaders, they
		
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			had their own elders, they had their own
		
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			hierarchies, right?
		
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			It's not that they're some kind of, you
		
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			know, backwards or some kind of uncivilized or
		
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			barbaric people that needed to be, you know,
		
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			introduced with this idea of government, but that
		
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			is how the British, the colonizer, needed to
		
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			frame for themselves what the natives are so
		
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			that they could colonize them.
		
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			So you'll see this aspect of, you know,
		
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			dehumanization or subhumanization, right?
		
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			Kind of seeing them as subhuman or a
		
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			different class of human beings so that they
		
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			can go on with this kind of you
		
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			know, othering and this kind of dehumanization and,
		
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			you know, genocides and killing all become justified
		
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			because, you know, this is the other, right?
		
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			Very interestingly, you'll see this is kind of
		
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			a side point, you'll see that Islamically we
		
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			are always encouraged to consider every human being,
		
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			every animal, and every part of the ecosystem
		
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			as part of our own.
		
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			And really there are many, many ahadith.
		
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			For example, there's an ahadith in Sahih al
		
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			-Bukhari where the Prophet ﷺ you know, talks
		
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			about he tells actually his maternal uncle, Sa'd
		
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			ibn Abi Waqas, that, you know, do not
		
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			waste water while performing ablutions.
		
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			And Sa'd ibn Abi Waqas he happened to
		
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			be, you know, making wudu from the river,
		
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			flowing river.
		
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			So Sa'd ibn Abi Waqas, he was a
		
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			bit surprised, right?
		
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			Like me and you would also be like
		
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			this is all kind of going, if you're
		
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			taking water from the river going back to
		
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			the water, what are you really wasting?
		
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			So then he asks, you know, The Prophet
		
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			ﷺ says, the idea behind that is not
		
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			that there's some kind of Yeah, like even
		
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			if it is a, you know, a flowing
		
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			river, right?
		
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			And the idea from that is not that,
		
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			you know, he was kind of performing some
		
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			kind of wastage, but it's the idea of
		
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			sympathizing and connecting with this natural resource, that
		
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			we don't start taking advantage because if we
		
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			have this idea that, oh, it's just flowing
		
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			water, so, you know, I can just use
		
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			as much of it, you can imagine that
		
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			this this ideology will translate into other aspects
		
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			of our life, right?
		
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			And you'll see many, many examples You know,
		
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			the Prophet ﷺ, one time he comes to
		
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			the masjid and he hears the sounds that
		
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			a camel is making, he goes inside the
		
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			masjid and he asks, you know, whose camel
		
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			is this?
		
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			And somebody, one of the sahabah said, you
		
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			know, Ya Rasulullah, this is my camel and
		
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			the Prophet ﷺ got very angry at him
		
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			He said, you know, do not overburden your
		
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			camel, right?
		
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			So we see that there's this constant kind
		
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			of reminder to connect with others and consider
		
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			everyone our own.
		
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			Now, colonialism is the exact opposite of that
		
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			So one point here, so what you're mentioning
		
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			is that like the number one thing for
		
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			a precursor for colonialism is superiority and dehumanization
		
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			but Islam within its very constructs, it kind
		
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			of cuts that off right from the beginning
		
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			because it doesn't even allow you to view
		
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			other humans as inferior, right?
		
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			The only way that superiority exists in Islam
		
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			is by your deeds, right?
		
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			You're not allowed to really view any other
		
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			person as inherently inferior other than just by
		
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			deeds and because none of us know what
		
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			our deeds are, you know, that humility would
		
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			always remain.
		
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			I think this point is important for the
		
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			viewers because here a distinction has been drawn
		
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			between Islamic sort of conquests that happen at
		
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			the time of sahabah or, you know, right
		
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			from the time of Rasulullah ﷺ and after
		
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			him and colonialism that happened later on.
		
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			There's a difference in principle here.
		
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			I mean, there's a massive difference.
		
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			I think difference is really understating it.
		
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			There's a huge difference, right?
		
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			In the way the colonizers treated, you know,
		
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			the colonized people, the way the kind of
		
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			atrocities that are you know done to the
		
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			colonized people versus the way Muslims treated.
		
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			And I think that's borne out by the
		
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			fact that most of the Muslim empires didn't
		
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			really for example, if we look at just
		
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			historically and just in general view of history,
		
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			I'm sure there I can't, we can't deny
		
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			specific cases, but generally the people that came
		
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			under Islamic rule through conquest, they never really
		
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			had a war for independence from Muslims or
		
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			felt that the Muslims were, you know, subduing
		
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			them.
		
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			Whereas we see the settler, the colonialism of
		
00:13:07 --> 00:13:10
			later times, almost all those lands people fought
		
00:13:10 --> 00:13:13
			eventually against their colonizer.
		
00:13:13 --> 00:13:15
			So we see this difference.
		
00:13:15 --> 00:13:18
			The people that were living under those systems,
		
00:13:18 --> 00:13:20
			they felt completely different about who it was
		
00:13:20 --> 00:13:21
			that was in charge.
		
00:13:21 --> 00:13:22
			A hundred percent.
		
00:13:22 --> 00:13:25
			Yeah, there was this aspect of subjugation, you
		
00:13:25 --> 00:13:27
			know, this aspect of like, you know, humiliation.
		
00:13:27 --> 00:13:29
			You have to understand that even though the
		
00:13:29 --> 00:13:33
			the colonizer is very interested in assimilating and
		
00:13:33 --> 00:13:35
			turning the colonized people into them, but there
		
00:13:35 --> 00:13:39
			also must be this aspect of also, you
		
00:13:39 --> 00:13:40
			know, inferiority complex.
		
00:13:40 --> 00:13:45
			This is something that is completely ensured to
		
00:13:45 --> 00:13:49
			be passed on to the colonized, that you
		
00:13:49 --> 00:13:51
			are definitely inferior, you know, to the colonizer.
		
00:13:51 --> 00:13:54
			The colonizer is basically your savior, right?
		
00:13:54 --> 00:13:56
			And there's many other differences also.
		
00:13:56 --> 00:13:57
			I think it's a good point that you
		
00:13:57 --> 00:13:59
			brought up the aspect of conquest.
		
00:14:00 --> 00:14:03
			Just because if you see Muslims when they
		
00:14:03 --> 00:14:06
			conquered lands, they did let people live, you
		
00:14:06 --> 00:14:09
			know, along with their lifestyle, right?
		
00:14:10 --> 00:14:13
			Although there was definitely encouragement and incentives for
		
00:14:13 --> 00:14:17
			people to accept Islam, but the overall mentality
		
00:14:17 --> 00:14:18
			is that they did not have, they were
		
00:14:18 --> 00:14:21
			not forced to convert They did not have
		
00:14:21 --> 00:14:22
			to change aspects of their lifestyle.
		
00:14:23 --> 00:14:24
			Things that they were used to, like, you
		
00:14:24 --> 00:14:26
			know, their churches, going to their churches, having
		
00:14:26 --> 00:14:28
			their festivals, whatever they were selling, you know,
		
00:14:28 --> 00:14:30
			and buying, they had their own security.
		
00:14:30 --> 00:14:32
			As a matter of fact, even no Muslim
		
00:14:32 --> 00:14:33
			could come and infringe on those rights.
		
00:14:34 --> 00:14:36
			If a Muslim did infringe on those rights,
		
00:14:36 --> 00:14:37
			they would be punished, right?
		
00:14:37 --> 00:14:40
			So there was definitely, you know, this aspect
		
00:14:40 --> 00:14:43
			of respecting their, or at least, you know,
		
00:14:43 --> 00:14:48
			tolerating and coexisting with you know, other lifestyles.
		
00:14:48 --> 00:14:51
			So this is a definite, you can't, for
		
00:14:51 --> 00:14:53
			example, let's say under a colonial rule, you
		
00:14:53 --> 00:14:56
			can't practice polygyny because inherently it's seen as
		
00:14:56 --> 00:14:59
			a, you know, subhuman and kind of barbaric
		
00:14:59 --> 00:15:01
			way of life, right?
		
00:15:01 --> 00:15:05
			And that's exactly, you know, Richard Pratt, the
		
00:15:05 --> 00:15:08
			Henry Richard Pratt, the captain in the U
		
00:15:08 --> 00:15:10
			.S. Army, you know, he would say this
		
00:15:10 --> 00:15:13
			very, very well-known statement of his, he
		
00:15:13 --> 00:15:14
			would say that, you know, kill the Indian,
		
00:15:15 --> 00:15:16
			save the man, like save the human being,
		
00:15:16 --> 00:15:20
			but any Indian-ness, any kind of Indian
		
00:15:20 --> 00:15:22
			ethics, any kind of Indian norms, any kind
		
00:15:22 --> 00:15:24
			of Indian culture, you gotta erase all of
		
00:15:24 --> 00:15:24
			that, right?
		
00:15:24 --> 00:15:25
			Because why?
		
00:15:25 --> 00:15:26
			It's subhuman.
		
00:15:26 --> 00:15:28
			And that's exactly how Muslims did not see,
		
00:15:28 --> 00:15:31
			as a matter of fact, Islam also left
		
00:15:31 --> 00:15:35
			aspects of language, aspects of culture to their
		
00:15:35 --> 00:15:36
			people, right?
		
00:15:36 --> 00:15:38
			Like if people were used to a certain
		
00:15:38 --> 00:15:41
			type of food or used to certain types
		
00:15:41 --> 00:15:44
			of, you know, table manners, where they were
		
00:15:44 --> 00:15:46
			used to, you know, certain things that were
		
00:15:46 --> 00:15:49
			not against the Sharia, against Islamic ethics, Islam
		
00:15:49 --> 00:15:51
			had absolutely no problem.
		
00:15:51 --> 00:15:52
			On the other hand, what you see in
		
00:15:52 --> 00:15:55
			the colonizers, they're very interested in, you know,
		
00:15:55 --> 00:16:00
			linguistic imperialism, they're very interested in sartorial imperialism
		
00:16:00 --> 00:16:02
			in terms of, you know, acculturation, like they
		
00:16:02 --> 00:16:04
			want to force people to adopt the culture
		
00:16:04 --> 00:16:06
			of the colonizer and so on and so
		
00:16:06 --> 00:16:06
			forth.
		
00:16:06 --> 00:16:08
			So there are many, many, you know, differences
		
00:16:08 --> 00:16:10
			that you'll see between Islam and the West.
		
00:16:10 --> 00:16:13
			There's one that comes to mind that's a
		
00:16:13 --> 00:16:15
			testament to what we're speaking about.
		
00:16:15 --> 00:16:18
			Like Allah says, فَإِن تَابُوا وَأَقَامُوا صَلَاتَ وَآتَوا
		
00:16:18 --> 00:16:20
			زَكَاتَ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ Right?
		
00:16:20 --> 00:16:22
			So if they repent, they establish salah and
		
00:16:22 --> 00:16:25
			pay zakat, then they're, you know, they're your
		
00:16:25 --> 00:16:26
			brothers in religion.
		
00:16:26 --> 00:16:30
			So Islam, it doesn't relegate people to, you
		
00:16:30 --> 00:16:32
			know, to a second-class type of citizenship.
		
00:16:33 --> 00:16:35
			Yeah, 100%, yeah.
		
00:16:38 --> 00:16:40
			One thing, I think one thing that I'll
		
00:16:40 --> 00:16:42
			also probably just mention it for people who
		
00:16:42 --> 00:16:44
			are watching is that a lot of times
		
00:16:44 --> 00:16:47
			people make the case of jizya, that, oh,
		
00:16:47 --> 00:16:47
			what about jizya?
		
00:16:47 --> 00:16:50
			Isn't that a unfair tax that's put on
		
00:16:51 --> 00:16:55
			the people that have, you know, basically come
		
00:16:55 --> 00:16:58
			into the Islamic empire that are not Muslim.
		
00:16:59 --> 00:17:02
			So what is just the simple understanding of
		
00:17:02 --> 00:17:03
			that for the people?
		
00:17:04 --> 00:17:06
			Yeah, I mean, you know, jizya is not,
		
00:17:06 --> 00:17:09
			sometimes, you know, you'll find especially Islamophobes or
		
00:17:09 --> 00:17:12
			people that are speaking, you know, in anti
		
00:17:12 --> 00:17:16
			-Muslim rhetoric, you'll see them as like displaying
		
00:17:16 --> 00:17:18
			jizya as some kind of, you know, like
		
00:17:18 --> 00:17:22
			humiliation, a tax for subjugation and so on
		
00:17:22 --> 00:17:23
			and so forth, which is actually wrong.
		
00:17:24 --> 00:17:26
			Muslims also have to pay zakah, right?
		
00:17:27 --> 00:17:29
			Muslims have to pay the ushara and so
		
00:17:29 --> 00:17:29
			on and so forth.
		
00:17:30 --> 00:17:34
			So we don't really see that jizya is
		
00:17:35 --> 00:17:39
			obviously, like, think about it as a kind
		
00:17:39 --> 00:17:41
			of payment that you're paying for the securities
		
00:17:41 --> 00:17:43
			and today also, nowadays, we pay taxes.
		
00:17:43 --> 00:17:43
			Why?
		
00:17:43 --> 00:17:46
			Because the government offers us certain services.
		
00:17:47 --> 00:17:49
			It offers us certain benefits and so on
		
00:17:49 --> 00:17:50
			and so forth, right?
		
00:17:50 --> 00:17:51
			It offers us security and so on and
		
00:17:51 --> 00:17:51
			so forth.
		
00:17:51 --> 00:17:54
			So jizya is really just that.
		
00:17:54 --> 00:17:56
			It's a kind of treaty that you have
		
00:17:56 --> 00:17:58
			with the government that they will, you know,
		
00:17:58 --> 00:18:01
			let you live with your rights, right?
		
00:18:01 --> 00:18:04
			And like they don't have to, they don't
		
00:18:04 --> 00:18:06
			necessarily have to be fighting in the military.
		
00:18:06 --> 00:18:08
			The Muslims will do the protection and they'll
		
00:18:08 --> 00:18:09
			take care of all of their things.
		
00:18:09 --> 00:18:11
			So that's something that people usually leave out
		
00:18:11 --> 00:18:12
			when talking about jizya.
		
00:18:14 --> 00:18:18
			Another point is like when colonialism is based
		
00:18:18 --> 00:18:19
			on race, right?
		
00:18:19 --> 00:18:20
			There's a race that's superior.
		
00:18:21 --> 00:18:22
			You can never change your race.
		
00:18:22 --> 00:18:24
			Yes, actually, I was just going to point
		
00:18:24 --> 00:18:27
			that out while I was talking.
		
00:18:27 --> 00:18:30
			I was thinking about that, that colonization is
		
00:18:30 --> 00:18:32
			very, very much fundamentally based in race.
		
00:18:32 --> 00:18:34
			You can see this in the, you know,
		
00:18:35 --> 00:18:38
			Israel-Palestine situation that's going on.
		
00:18:38 --> 00:18:39
			You can see that in the British as
		
00:18:39 --> 00:18:40
			well.
		
00:18:40 --> 00:18:42
			What really made you superior is the fact
		
00:18:42 --> 00:18:44
			that you're white and you're not brown and
		
00:18:44 --> 00:18:46
			you're not black and you're not something else.
		
00:18:46 --> 00:18:48
			The fact that you're European, the fact that
		
00:18:48 --> 00:18:50
			you're white is really what makes you superior
		
00:18:50 --> 00:18:52
			and that's something that fundamentally you can't change.
		
00:18:52 --> 00:18:55
			If a black person accepts Islam, he's just
		
00:18:55 --> 00:18:57
			as equal and many times he's even superior.
		
00:18:57 --> 00:18:59
			Look at Bilal and he's superior to, you
		
00:18:59 --> 00:19:01
			know, many others.
		
00:19:01 --> 00:19:03
			So race has nothing to do with the
		
00:19:03 --> 00:19:04
			Islamic question.
		
00:19:05 --> 00:19:06
			And if you look at the same thing
		
00:19:06 --> 00:19:12
			with the Israel situation, what really fundamentally makes
		
00:19:12 --> 00:19:14
			you better is that, you know, ethnically you're
		
00:19:14 --> 00:19:15
			a Jew, right?
		
00:19:16 --> 00:19:18
			And these Arabs, basically, they could never be
		
00:19:18 --> 00:19:19
			that, right?
		
00:19:19 --> 00:19:21
			And there's a lot of, you know, this
		
00:19:21 --> 00:19:22
			kind of similarities and this kind of, you
		
00:19:22 --> 00:19:26
			know, dehumanization, subhumanization also that parallels you can
		
00:19:26 --> 00:19:27
			make.
		
00:19:27 --> 00:19:30
			You'll see with the Israeli media as well,
		
00:19:31 --> 00:19:35
			many interviews, you know, throughout YouTube of Israeli
		
00:19:35 --> 00:19:37
			citizens when they're asked, for example, about children
		
00:19:37 --> 00:19:40
			in Palestine, like how should they be dealt
		
00:19:40 --> 00:19:40
			with?
		
00:19:40 --> 00:19:42
			And, you know, many of their answers is
		
00:19:42 --> 00:19:44
			you should just kill them because they're Arabs
		
00:19:44 --> 00:19:46
			and they're going to become terrorists and you'd
		
00:19:46 --> 00:19:49
			rather just kill the child while it's, you
		
00:19:49 --> 00:19:52
			know, still not a grown adult and it's
		
00:19:52 --> 00:19:53
			not a terrorist yet.
		
00:19:53 --> 00:19:58
			I think yesterday the president of Israel, Herzog,
		
00:19:58 --> 00:20:00
			I think that's his name, was talking about
		
00:20:00 --> 00:20:02
			how all the Palestinians in Gaza should be
		
00:20:02 --> 00:20:04
			killed because they supported Hamas, which is like
		
00:20:04 --> 00:20:05
			a crazy precedent.
		
00:20:06 --> 00:20:10
			You know, then why do we, why do
		
00:20:10 --> 00:20:11
			we condemn ISIS and all these people who
		
00:20:11 --> 00:20:14
			also believe in sort of this, you know,
		
00:20:14 --> 00:20:17
			mass punishing all the civilians for their leaders
		
00:20:17 --> 00:20:18
			in mass?
		
00:20:18 --> 00:20:20
			So basically that's like the same ideology.
		
00:20:20 --> 00:20:21
			Yeah, 100%.
		
00:20:21 --> 00:20:23
			The only difference is we're condemning one and
		
00:20:23 --> 00:20:24
			we're not allowed to condemn the other.
		
00:20:25 --> 00:20:26
			Yeah, yeah.
		
00:20:27 --> 00:20:30
			So, you know, that's really the kind of
		
00:20:30 --> 00:20:33
			perspective that I wanted to focus on when
		
00:20:33 --> 00:20:36
			it comes to colonialism, the cognitive aspect of
		
00:20:36 --> 00:20:37
			colonialism.
		
00:20:38 --> 00:20:40
			So that's what allows assimilation, right?
		
00:20:41 --> 00:20:42
			This is what drives assimilation.
		
00:20:42 --> 00:20:46
			The fact that the colonizer acknowledges itself as
		
00:20:46 --> 00:20:51
			superior, it acknowledges the colonized as barbaric, as,
		
00:20:51 --> 00:20:54
			you know, backwards, as subhuman.
		
00:20:54 --> 00:20:57
			So it feels this need to assimilate and
		
00:20:57 --> 00:21:00
			to make it, to make the colonized become
		
00:21:00 --> 00:21:01
			like the colonizer, right?
		
00:21:01 --> 00:21:04
			And once this assimilation takes place, then there's
		
00:21:04 --> 00:21:05
			a shift in worldview.
		
00:21:05 --> 00:21:09
			Whatever was considered culture, whatever was considered, you
		
00:21:09 --> 00:21:13
			know, beautiful, whatever was considered good, the ethics,
		
00:21:13 --> 00:21:15
			the norms, the morals, the aesthetics, all of
		
00:21:15 --> 00:21:18
			these things start to change and they become,
		
00:21:18 --> 00:21:21
			you know, similar to the perspective of the
		
00:21:21 --> 00:21:22
			colonizer.
		
00:21:22 --> 00:21:23
			And once that happens...
		
00:21:23 --> 00:21:24
			It's about values, right?
		
00:21:24 --> 00:21:26
			When we say worldview, it's like a shift
		
00:21:26 --> 00:21:29
			in what was valuable, what were considered values
		
00:21:29 --> 00:21:33
			according to them before is now no longer
		
00:21:33 --> 00:21:34
			values.
		
00:21:34 --> 00:21:36
			Now the values are shifted over to the
		
00:21:36 --> 00:21:36
			colonizer.
		
00:21:36 --> 00:21:38
			The colonizer's values are the paradigm.
		
00:21:38 --> 00:21:40
			Well, part of it is values.
		
00:21:40 --> 00:21:42
			I think also part of it is like
		
00:21:42 --> 00:21:44
			truth, you know, what is considered truth, what
		
00:21:44 --> 00:21:46
			is considered, you know, false and so on
		
00:21:46 --> 00:21:47
			and so forth.
		
00:21:47 --> 00:21:49
			I think there's those aspects as well, right?
		
00:21:49 --> 00:21:51
			Once those things are lost, then you have
		
00:21:51 --> 00:21:52
			a loss of identity, right?
		
00:21:52 --> 00:21:56
			Then we can say that, you know, colonization
		
00:21:56 --> 00:21:56
			is successful.
		
00:21:58 --> 00:22:00
			Some of the ways this is done is
		
00:22:00 --> 00:22:03
			there are different methods that are used for
		
00:22:03 --> 00:22:04
			assimilation.
		
00:22:04 --> 00:22:06
			And this is also something that you can
		
00:22:06 --> 00:22:09
			see, that you can draw parallels between different
		
00:22:09 --> 00:22:11
			types of colonizers.
		
00:22:12 --> 00:22:15
			There's a cultural conversion that occurs, right?
		
00:22:16 --> 00:22:17
			Basically, table manners.
		
00:22:17 --> 00:22:19
			We can take examples from North America.
		
00:22:19 --> 00:22:22
			In Carlisle, Pennsylvania, there was this very famous,
		
00:22:23 --> 00:22:26
			you know, boarding school in which basically native
		
00:22:26 --> 00:22:29
			kids used to be not abducted, but really
		
00:22:29 --> 00:22:32
			kind of forcefully taken from their parents.
		
00:22:32 --> 00:22:34
			And for a couple of years, they would
		
00:22:34 --> 00:22:36
			have to come and stay at these.
		
00:22:36 --> 00:22:39
			And really interesting, you can actually google online
		
00:22:39 --> 00:22:41
			pictures before and after, right?
		
00:22:42 --> 00:22:43
			Before, you would see this kind of like
		
00:22:43 --> 00:22:46
			native kid with like native clothes, you know,
		
00:22:46 --> 00:22:48
			with his native culture.
		
00:22:48 --> 00:22:50
			They're able to speak their native language and
		
00:22:50 --> 00:22:51
			so on and so forth.
		
00:22:52 --> 00:22:54
			But then once they're brought to the boarding
		
00:22:54 --> 00:22:58
			school, it's basically like this brainwashing tactic where
		
00:22:58 --> 00:23:01
			their culture is removed, their clothes are removed.
		
00:23:01 --> 00:23:03
			Now, you see all of a sudden this
		
00:23:03 --> 00:23:07
			kind of clean-shaven, you know, a person
		
00:23:07 --> 00:23:09
			wearing a shirt and a pant and, you
		
00:23:09 --> 00:23:11
			know, a suit and a tie, you know,
		
00:23:11 --> 00:23:15
			sitting at a table, eating on a plate
		
00:23:15 --> 00:23:20
			with forks and, you know, 30 other cutleries,
		
00:23:20 --> 00:23:20
			right?
		
00:23:20 --> 00:23:23
			And so that's basically what is considered a
		
00:23:23 --> 00:23:23
			culture person.
		
00:23:23 --> 00:23:26
			Now, this person has been civilized, right?
		
00:23:26 --> 00:23:28
			This is an aspect of cultural conversion.
		
00:23:29 --> 00:23:31
			All of these things that made the kid
		
00:23:31 --> 00:23:33
			native was considered barbaric.
		
00:23:33 --> 00:23:35
			They were also not allowed to communicate on
		
00:23:35 --> 00:23:36
			their own language.
		
00:23:36 --> 00:23:38
			They would actually be beaten if they would
		
00:23:38 --> 00:23:42
			even communicate with their siblings or cousins or
		
00:23:42 --> 00:23:44
			their tribe members in their own language.
		
00:23:44 --> 00:23:46
			That was something that was impermissible, right?
		
00:23:46 --> 00:23:48
			So you had this imposition of language.
		
00:23:48 --> 00:23:50
			You had religious conversion.
		
00:23:50 --> 00:23:52
			There were actually a lot of the teachers
		
00:23:52 --> 00:23:54
			in those boarding schools were missionaries.
		
00:23:55 --> 00:23:58
			So those missionaries would, you know, perform this
		
00:23:58 --> 00:24:00
			kind of culture, this kind of religious conversion.
		
00:24:01 --> 00:24:02
			So there's a lot of proselytization also that
		
00:24:02 --> 00:24:03
			would happen.
		
00:24:04 --> 00:24:06
			Could I ask you to move on?
		
00:24:06 --> 00:24:08
			The imposition of language, why was that so
		
00:24:08 --> 00:24:09
			important?
		
00:24:10 --> 00:24:14
			I think really, you know, I think the
		
00:24:14 --> 00:24:18
			connection between one's cognition and one's language, I
		
00:24:18 --> 00:24:22
			think these are really deeply intertwined aspects.
		
00:24:23 --> 00:24:25
			As a person, you know, who speaks multiple
		
00:24:25 --> 00:24:27
			languages, and I'm sure yourself as well, you
		
00:24:27 --> 00:24:29
			know, both of you, I speak fluently five
		
00:24:29 --> 00:24:29
			languages.
		
00:24:30 --> 00:24:33
			And really, you can see the way you
		
00:24:33 --> 00:24:36
			start thinking once you learn a language.
		
00:24:37 --> 00:24:39
			For example, in Arabic, Arabic is very elaborate,
		
00:24:40 --> 00:24:40
			right?
		
00:24:40 --> 00:24:42
			Arabic is very well mapped out.
		
00:24:42 --> 00:24:45
			Like, for example, when we perform syntactical analyses
		
00:24:45 --> 00:24:46
			in a turkey, right?
		
00:24:47 --> 00:24:49
			And actually, there's entire books on the Arabic
		
00:24:49 --> 00:24:50
			Quran.
		
00:24:50 --> 00:24:52
			There's an entire science that goes, like, you
		
00:24:52 --> 00:24:55
			know, nine, ten volumes just dedicated to the
		
00:24:55 --> 00:24:56
			turkey of the Quran, right?
		
00:24:57 --> 00:24:59
			The grammatical breakdown of the Quran.
		
00:25:00 --> 00:25:02
			And you will see that in Arabic, things
		
00:25:02 --> 00:25:04
			are very, very well mapped out.
		
00:25:04 --> 00:25:07
			So the way you're really forming language in
		
00:25:07 --> 00:25:11
			your brain is in a very mathematical, in
		
00:25:11 --> 00:25:13
			a very connected way, right?
		
00:25:13 --> 00:25:17
			And I think once you possess language, it
		
00:25:17 --> 00:25:20
			helps you think in ways, like knowing certain
		
00:25:20 --> 00:25:23
			languages or different languages helps you think in
		
00:25:23 --> 00:25:25
			ways that you wouldn't have thought without this
		
00:25:25 --> 00:25:26
			language.
		
00:25:27 --> 00:25:28
			That's one aspect, I think.
		
00:25:28 --> 00:25:30
			Yeah, I think the reason I was saying
		
00:25:30 --> 00:25:31
			that is because some people may think, well,
		
00:25:31 --> 00:25:34
			it's probably just practical for everybody to speak
		
00:25:34 --> 00:25:34
			one language.
		
00:25:34 --> 00:25:35
			But here we have a case where they're
		
00:25:35 --> 00:25:39
			actually banning the usage of the other language,
		
00:25:39 --> 00:25:40
			where they're not allowing them.
		
00:25:40 --> 00:25:41
			As a matter of fact, in one of
		
00:25:41 --> 00:25:43
			my papers, I do consider this counter-argument,
		
00:25:43 --> 00:25:45
			like someone could say that actually the British
		
00:25:45 --> 00:25:48
			probably did a favor to many of the
		
00:25:48 --> 00:25:50
			colonized countries because they brought English and that
		
00:25:50 --> 00:25:53
			kind of globalized English as a language and
		
00:25:53 --> 00:25:54
			facilitated communication.
		
00:25:55 --> 00:25:58
			However, you know, there are many counter-arguments
		
00:25:58 --> 00:25:58
			to that.
		
00:25:59 --> 00:26:00
			I don't think, by the way, that's a
		
00:26:00 --> 00:26:02
			very good argument.
		
00:26:02 --> 00:26:04
			It's different, I think, if a person opts
		
00:26:04 --> 00:26:07
			to learn a language of their own versus
		
00:26:07 --> 00:26:09
			if they're forced to lose their language and
		
00:26:09 --> 00:26:11
			learn a different language.
		
00:26:11 --> 00:26:14
			There's actually a specific kind of, what I
		
00:26:14 --> 00:26:15
			was going to say, the second aspect of
		
00:26:17 --> 00:26:19
			imposition of language is actually humiliation.
		
00:26:20 --> 00:26:20
			It's subjugation.
		
00:26:21 --> 00:26:25
			Think of a person who's very fluent in
		
00:26:25 --> 00:26:28
			like Urdu or like Persian, right?
		
00:26:28 --> 00:26:31
			And this person, they're forced to now learn
		
00:26:31 --> 00:26:34
			English because all documents are now in English.
		
00:26:35 --> 00:26:36
			If you want to get a job or
		
00:26:36 --> 00:26:39
			any kind of serious position, then you need
		
00:26:39 --> 00:26:39
			to learn English.
		
00:26:40 --> 00:26:42
			And obviously, as a grown person, you're not
		
00:26:42 --> 00:26:43
			going to be fluent in that language.
		
00:26:43 --> 00:26:46
			But you're talking to people that are fluent
		
00:26:46 --> 00:26:46
			in that language.
		
00:26:47 --> 00:26:48
			What do you think is going to be
		
00:26:48 --> 00:26:51
			the natural feeling between you as the communicator
		
00:26:51 --> 00:26:53
			and the communicator?
		
00:26:53 --> 00:26:54
			Obviously, you're going to see them as superior.
		
00:26:54 --> 00:26:54
			Why?
		
00:26:55 --> 00:26:58
			Because, and that's actually a tactic in conversation.
		
00:26:58 --> 00:27:01
			If you're not winning a debate or a
		
00:27:01 --> 00:27:04
			conversation with somebody, switch to a language you're
		
00:27:04 --> 00:27:08
			comfortable with because that person, your interlocutor, naturally
		
00:27:08 --> 00:27:10
			is going to feel inferior in that aspect,
		
00:27:11 --> 00:27:11
			right?
		
00:27:11 --> 00:27:15
			So there's a cognitive subjugation that happens naturally
		
00:27:15 --> 00:27:17
			in the imposition of language.
		
00:27:18 --> 00:27:20
			So I think that's a couple of different
		
00:27:20 --> 00:27:23
			reasons why imposition of language was actually so
		
00:27:23 --> 00:27:23
			important.
		
00:27:23 --> 00:27:26
			Another thing also is that, very interestingly, Thomas
		
00:27:26 --> 00:27:29
			Macaulay, who was one of the governors in
		
00:27:29 --> 00:27:31
			India, he has a minute.
		
00:27:32 --> 00:27:33
			They had like minutes, you know, kind of
		
00:27:33 --> 00:27:35
			summaries of meetings that they had.
		
00:27:35 --> 00:27:38
			And in there, he actually outlines a kind
		
00:27:38 --> 00:27:41
			of subhumanization of languages as well.
		
00:27:41 --> 00:27:43
			So he says that, you know, languages like
		
00:27:43 --> 00:27:45
			Sanskrit and Arabic, they have nothing to offer.
		
00:27:46 --> 00:27:50
			They're barbaric languages and teaching and educating Indian
		
00:27:50 --> 00:27:53
			people in English is really the imperative.
		
00:27:53 --> 00:27:56
			So does that actually see that play out?
		
00:27:56 --> 00:27:57
			Because people who didn't speak English were seen
		
00:27:57 --> 00:27:59
			as like uneducated or uncivilized.
		
00:27:59 --> 00:28:00
			Yeah, exactly.
		
00:28:00 --> 00:28:02
			And it's still the case today.
		
00:28:02 --> 00:28:04
			Still very much the case today.
		
00:28:04 --> 00:28:05
			And I think there's a need for like
		
00:28:05 --> 00:28:07
			people to kind of take pride in their
		
00:28:07 --> 00:28:10
			language, you know, connect with their languages, teach
		
00:28:10 --> 00:28:12
			their children their languages.
		
00:28:12 --> 00:28:13
			And you know, my heart really goes out
		
00:28:13 --> 00:28:17
			most to I think native people, many of
		
00:28:17 --> 00:28:19
			whom actually have completely lost their language.
		
00:28:25 --> 00:28:27
			So moving on, I think basically we can
		
00:28:27 --> 00:28:29
			think about now that we kind of have
		
00:28:29 --> 00:28:33
			a good idea about like the structural and
		
00:28:33 --> 00:28:36
			the mechanism of colonialism.
		
00:28:36 --> 00:28:38
			And that was really my goal.
		
00:28:38 --> 00:28:40
			Like that, that's really what I want to
		
00:28:40 --> 00:28:42
			convey because it's not really something that's talked
		
00:28:42 --> 00:28:42
			about a lot.
		
00:28:43 --> 00:28:45
			You know, we talk a lot about the
		
00:28:45 --> 00:28:47
			the geographic aspect of it, the military aspect
		
00:28:47 --> 00:28:48
			of it.
		
00:28:48 --> 00:28:49
			We're talking about the political aspect of it.
		
00:28:50 --> 00:28:51
			You know, we talk about the economic aspect
		
00:28:51 --> 00:28:53
			of it, but very little do we ever
		
00:28:53 --> 00:28:56
			talk about, you know, the cognitive aspect of
		
00:28:56 --> 00:28:56
			it, right?
		
00:28:57 --> 00:29:00
			So once we've understood this kind of mechanism
		
00:29:00 --> 00:29:03
			behind, you know, colonization, I think it's also
		
00:29:03 --> 00:29:06
			important for us to talk about decolonization, right?
		
00:29:06 --> 00:29:09
			And we can think about, you know, some
		
00:29:10 --> 00:29:11
			some ways forward, right?
		
00:29:12 --> 00:29:14
			Could you say something about the education systems?
		
00:29:14 --> 00:29:16
			Like what what is a way we can
		
00:29:16 --> 00:29:17
			think about that?
		
00:29:19 --> 00:29:21
			So, you know, in terms of education system,
		
00:29:21 --> 00:29:24
			I think we don't really think about this.
		
00:29:25 --> 00:29:28
			But actually, you know, there's a French thinker,
		
00:29:28 --> 00:29:34
			Alphusser, who writes about a really, really interesting
		
00:29:34 --> 00:29:34
			concept.
		
00:29:34 --> 00:29:37
			He has an entire paper on this.
		
00:29:37 --> 00:29:39
			And I really recommend that, you know, we
		
00:29:39 --> 00:29:41
			kind of go and take a read.
		
00:29:41 --> 00:29:42
			It's a short article.
		
00:29:43 --> 00:29:48
			And basically, he talks about these state apparatus,
		
00:29:49 --> 00:29:49
			right?
		
00:29:49 --> 00:29:52
			Like you can think about repressive state apparatus,
		
00:29:52 --> 00:29:54
			like RSAs.
		
00:29:54 --> 00:29:56
			So we think about the army, we think
		
00:29:56 --> 00:29:59
			about the police, and they kind of tell
		
00:29:59 --> 00:30:00
			you what to do and what not to
		
00:30:00 --> 00:30:00
			do.
		
00:30:01 --> 00:30:03
			And they punish you and they reward you
		
00:30:03 --> 00:30:05
			based on, you know, different things that you're
		
00:30:05 --> 00:30:06
			doing according to the state.
		
00:30:07 --> 00:30:09
			But however, they're ideological, ISAs, right?
		
00:30:09 --> 00:30:11
			Ideological state apparatuses.
		
00:30:12 --> 00:30:15
			And that's more like media, culture, schooling, education,
		
00:30:16 --> 00:30:16
			and so on and so forth.
		
00:30:17 --> 00:30:19
			And those are more kind of subtle ways
		
00:30:19 --> 00:30:22
			to impose on people the things that they
		
00:30:22 --> 00:30:25
			think or they believe are norms, right?
		
00:30:25 --> 00:30:27
			And we don't really think much about this,
		
00:30:27 --> 00:30:29
			but education systems, really, if you want to
		
00:30:29 --> 00:30:31
			change a people, what you want to do
		
00:30:31 --> 00:30:33
			is work on their education system.
		
00:30:34 --> 00:30:36
			And I think the colonizer understood that really
		
00:30:36 --> 00:30:36
			well.
		
00:30:37 --> 00:30:39
			And this is why you see, like, in
		
00:30:39 --> 00:30:43
			the Indian subcontinent, in, you know, in North
		
00:30:43 --> 00:30:45
			America, one of the fundamental things that they
		
00:30:45 --> 00:30:51
			established is alternative schooling systems, alternative learning systems
		
00:30:51 --> 00:30:53
			that were funded by the British, that were
		
00:30:53 --> 00:30:56
			funded by the colonizers, that people had incentives
		
00:30:56 --> 00:30:58
			to join those schools.
		
00:30:58 --> 00:31:01
			And because, basically, you can shape a child's
		
00:31:01 --> 00:31:03
			mind from the very get-go.
		
00:31:03 --> 00:31:05
			You can really form their identity from that
		
00:31:05 --> 00:31:05
			time.
		
00:31:06 --> 00:31:08
			Even today, in, like, all over India, you
		
00:31:08 --> 00:31:09
			have these schools.
		
00:31:09 --> 00:31:11
			And in a lot of places, those are
		
00:31:11 --> 00:31:13
			considered the best schools, right?
		
00:31:13 --> 00:31:15
			So people are proud to send their children
		
00:31:15 --> 00:31:16
			there.
		
00:31:16 --> 00:31:18
			And it's viewed as, like, a badge of
		
00:31:18 --> 00:31:18
			honor.
		
00:31:19 --> 00:31:20
			Yeah, yeah.
		
00:31:20 --> 00:31:22
			As a matter of fact, like, think about,
		
00:31:22 --> 00:31:24
			forget about India, like, think about, you know,
		
00:31:24 --> 00:31:26
			first world countries today.
		
00:31:27 --> 00:31:29
			Who do you think are going to be,
		
00:31:29 --> 00:31:31
			you know, the politicians of tomorrow?
		
00:31:31 --> 00:31:33
			Who do you think are going to be,
		
00:31:33 --> 00:31:35
			you know, the influencers of tomorrow?
		
00:31:36 --> 00:31:39
			It's all people that go through the schooling
		
00:31:39 --> 00:31:40
			system.
		
00:31:40 --> 00:31:42
			It's all people that go through college.
		
00:31:42 --> 00:31:43
			It's all going to be, you know, somebody
		
00:31:43 --> 00:31:47
			with a political theory degree or you know,
		
00:31:47 --> 00:31:49
			a policy degree or a law degree.
		
00:31:50 --> 00:31:53
			You know, people that have studied government, whatever
		
00:31:53 --> 00:31:55
			it is, but they've gone through the schooling
		
00:31:55 --> 00:31:56
			system.
		
00:31:56 --> 00:31:58
			So really, you know, if you can attack
		
00:31:58 --> 00:32:01
			the schooling system, the education system, then you
		
00:32:01 --> 00:32:02
			can attack the mind.
		
00:32:02 --> 00:32:05
			You can literally, quite literally, shape the future
		
00:32:05 --> 00:32:08
			by getting into, you know, academia and by
		
00:32:08 --> 00:32:09
			getting into education.
		
00:32:09 --> 00:32:11
			So, just to make a clarification for people,
		
00:32:11 --> 00:32:13
			some people may think that, you know what,
		
00:32:13 --> 00:32:15
			I should just not get educated or something.
		
00:32:15 --> 00:32:17
			Like, I hope that's not a conclusion that
		
00:32:17 --> 00:32:17
			somebody draws.
		
00:32:17 --> 00:32:18
			Like, if you would, what would you say?
		
00:32:18 --> 00:32:19
			Definitely not.
		
00:32:19 --> 00:32:21
			Like, I would say just be...
		
00:32:21 --> 00:32:23
			We're all college graduates, you know, sitting here.
		
00:32:23 --> 00:32:23
			So, like...
		
00:32:23 --> 00:32:25
			Exactly, all of us, you know, have gone
		
00:32:25 --> 00:32:27
			through the college system.
		
00:32:28 --> 00:32:29
			Some of us through Ivy League schools and
		
00:32:29 --> 00:32:30
			some of us not, but...
		
00:32:32 --> 00:32:33
			Some younger than the other, huh?
		
00:32:35 --> 00:32:37
			You're more calling age than us, man.
		
00:32:39 --> 00:32:41
			Yeah, but the point here is that, you
		
00:32:41 --> 00:32:44
			know, looking from a top-down perspective, right?
		
00:32:45 --> 00:32:47
			What would be this, you know, a channel
		
00:32:47 --> 00:32:49
			through which every mind or every child would
		
00:32:49 --> 00:32:49
			go through, right?
		
00:32:50 --> 00:32:51
			So, naturally, like, even...
		
00:32:51 --> 00:32:53
			We're not against education, right?
		
00:32:53 --> 00:32:56
			But, you know, of course, schooling.
		
00:32:57 --> 00:32:59
			You know, schooling is something every child goes
		
00:32:59 --> 00:32:59
			through.
		
00:32:59 --> 00:33:01
			So, this is an easy area to target
		
00:33:01 --> 00:33:05
			and use as a channel for liberalization and
		
00:33:05 --> 00:33:06
			colonization.
		
00:33:06 --> 00:33:08
			So, it does mean we have to be
		
00:33:08 --> 00:33:09
			careful and it does mean that if there
		
00:33:09 --> 00:33:13
			are other alternatives that don't have this problem,
		
00:33:13 --> 00:33:16
			then those alternatives can be adopted, right?
		
00:33:16 --> 00:33:18
			And if it means, you know...
		
00:33:18 --> 00:33:19
			Still, we should make it clear that if
		
00:33:19 --> 00:33:20
			it means...
		
00:33:20 --> 00:33:22
			If there's a choice between being so-called
		
00:33:22 --> 00:33:25
			educated and losing your, like, total Islamic and
		
00:33:25 --> 00:33:28
			Muslim identity and versus being a good Muslim
		
00:33:28 --> 00:33:33
			and not being educated, like, secularly, then, of
		
00:33:33 --> 00:33:35
			course, you know, we prefer maintaining our Islam.
		
00:33:36 --> 00:33:39
			Yeah, I mean, I have a slightly, you
		
00:33:39 --> 00:33:40
			know, different approach, like, when it comes to
		
00:33:40 --> 00:33:40
			this.
		
00:33:41 --> 00:33:43
			And what I really recommend to everybody is
		
00:33:45 --> 00:33:48
			equipping oneself with, you know, critical tools, right?
		
00:33:48 --> 00:33:51
			And what I mean by that is, you
		
00:33:51 --> 00:33:54
			know, this is a longer topic, but equipping
		
00:33:54 --> 00:33:56
			oneself with Islamic education.
		
00:33:56 --> 00:33:58
			Islamic education truly, you know, in the real
		
00:33:58 --> 00:34:01
			sense of it, if a person studies, for
		
00:34:01 --> 00:34:03
			example, ilm al-kalaam, a person studies, you
		
00:34:03 --> 00:34:07
			know, mantiq, they're really equipped with tools to
		
00:34:07 --> 00:34:08
			question things, right?
		
00:34:09 --> 00:34:11
			And this was really the way of the
		
00:34:11 --> 00:34:12
			scholars of kalaam in the past.
		
00:34:12 --> 00:34:15
			Like, Imam al-Ghazali, his problem with ibn
		
00:34:15 --> 00:34:17
			Sina was not that he was rationalizing things,
		
00:34:17 --> 00:34:17
			right?
		
00:34:17 --> 00:34:21
			His problem with, you know, the mu'tazila were
		
00:34:21 --> 00:34:22
			not that they're rationalists.
		
00:34:22 --> 00:34:24
			That's not his problem.
		
00:34:24 --> 00:34:26
			I mean, of course, he accepts the use
		
00:34:26 --> 00:34:27
			of reason, right?
		
00:34:27 --> 00:34:29
			He himself, actually, as a matter of fact,
		
00:34:29 --> 00:34:30
			he's applying reasoning himself.
		
00:34:31 --> 00:34:32
			What was his problem with them?
		
00:34:32 --> 00:34:35
			His problem with them is that they took
		
00:34:35 --> 00:34:39
			Aristotelian, you know, metaphysical paradigms and metaphysical norms,
		
00:34:40 --> 00:34:42
			ontological norms, as given truths, right?
		
00:34:42 --> 00:34:45
			Prima facie, without any kind of critical thinking,
		
00:34:45 --> 00:34:47
			without any kind of, for example, you know,
		
00:34:47 --> 00:34:49
			Aristotle believes that the world is made of
		
00:34:49 --> 00:34:53
			hyaline form, you know, which we now know
		
00:34:53 --> 00:34:55
			as hylomorphism, right?
		
00:34:55 --> 00:34:58
			In Arabic, we call this maddan surah, right?
		
00:34:58 --> 00:35:01
			Aristotle believes in qidam al-'alameen, he believes that
		
00:35:01 --> 00:35:03
			the universe is pre-eternal.
		
00:35:03 --> 00:35:07
			Now, al-Ghazali's problem with ibn Sina or
		
00:35:07 --> 00:35:09
			with the mu'tazila is, why are you taking
		
00:35:09 --> 00:35:12
			these as granted truths?
		
00:35:12 --> 00:35:13
			Like, you should question these things, right?
		
00:35:14 --> 00:35:18
			And if we read, you know, al-Ghazali's
		
00:35:18 --> 00:35:22
			you will see, actually, a proto-Cartesian right
		
00:35:22 --> 00:35:23
			there, right?
		
00:35:23 --> 00:35:24
			As a matter of fact, I really think
		
00:35:24 --> 00:35:27
			that Descartes had access to al-Ghazali, but
		
00:35:27 --> 00:35:30
			his al-munqid min al-dalal is, if
		
00:35:30 --> 00:35:33
			you go through the first two meditations of
		
00:35:33 --> 00:35:36
			Descartes, you'll kind of see a copy-paste
		
00:35:36 --> 00:35:37
			of al-munqid min al-dalal there, but
		
00:35:37 --> 00:35:40
			what he does there is fundamental skepticism.
		
00:35:40 --> 00:35:43
			So that's kind of what I encourage, because
		
00:35:43 --> 00:35:44
			look, at the end of the day, whether
		
00:35:44 --> 00:35:46
			you send your kid through, you know, any
		
00:35:46 --> 00:35:48
			kind of schooling system, the media still exists,
		
00:35:48 --> 00:35:49
			right?
		
00:35:49 --> 00:35:50
			Media still exists, friends still exist.
		
00:35:50 --> 00:35:53
			They're going to be educated about some things
		
00:35:53 --> 00:35:55
			or the other at some point or the
		
00:35:55 --> 00:35:55
			other, right?
		
00:35:55 --> 00:35:56
			It's going to happen.
		
00:35:57 --> 00:35:58
			Now, again, that doesn't mean, you know, throw
		
00:35:58 --> 00:36:00
			them in the ocean in the lion's den.
		
00:36:00 --> 00:36:02
			I'm not saying, you know, that's ideal.
		
00:36:02 --> 00:36:03
			Of course, if you can send them to
		
00:36:03 --> 00:36:06
			a proper Islamic school and get a proper
		
00:36:06 --> 00:36:07
			Islamic education, that's better.
		
00:36:09 --> 00:36:12
			But nonetheless, I think everyone needs to be
		
00:36:12 --> 00:36:14
			equipped with, you know, critical thinking.
		
00:36:14 --> 00:36:15
			Educate themselves Islamically.
		
00:36:15 --> 00:36:18
			What I mean by educate them Islamically is
		
00:36:18 --> 00:36:19
			not, you know, your typical maqtab and like
		
00:36:19 --> 00:36:21
			alif-ba-ta-tha and read the Qur
		
00:36:21 --> 00:36:21
			'an.
		
00:36:21 --> 00:36:22
			That's not what I mean.
		
00:36:22 --> 00:36:24
			I mean a real Islamic education where a
		
00:36:24 --> 00:36:27
			person is learning surah al-fiqh, you know,
		
00:36:27 --> 00:36:31
			how our entire legal system works, understanding not
		
00:36:31 --> 00:36:33
			only the micro, but also the macro, how
		
00:36:33 --> 00:36:37
			the entire machine, the entire Islamic structure works,
		
00:36:37 --> 00:36:37
			basically.
		
00:36:38 --> 00:36:41
			So the point is that Muslims, it's not
		
00:36:41 --> 00:36:42
			that we're saying you should study less.
		
00:36:42 --> 00:36:44
			We're saying you should actually do double the
		
00:36:44 --> 00:36:45
			work.
		
00:36:45 --> 00:36:46
			You have to study, you have to know
		
00:36:46 --> 00:36:47
			what they know, and then you have to
		
00:36:47 --> 00:36:52
			keep in mind your own Islamic education as
		
00:36:52 --> 00:36:54
			well as a sort of a counterbalance to
		
00:36:54 --> 00:36:54
			it.
		
00:36:54 --> 00:36:56
			Yeah, and I would say you have to
		
00:36:56 --> 00:36:57
			process really, I think the way you're putting
		
00:36:57 --> 00:37:00
			it, you know, it's really good.
		
00:37:00 --> 00:37:02
			You have to process what you are being
		
00:37:02 --> 00:37:05
			taught by others through your own system.
		
00:37:06 --> 00:37:08
			So one question like just at a practical
		
00:37:08 --> 00:37:08
			level, right?
		
00:37:08 --> 00:37:11
			Like I understand ideally where you're coming from,
		
00:37:12 --> 00:37:15
			but even like basic maqtab is practically non
		
00:37:15 --> 00:37:17
			-existent in many places, right?
		
00:37:17 --> 00:37:20
			So this kind of thing like on ground
		
00:37:20 --> 00:37:23
			people, they may not have the ability to
		
00:37:24 --> 00:37:27
			themselves teach their kids at this level.
		
00:37:27 --> 00:37:30
			So what should, you know, how should parents
		
00:37:30 --> 00:37:30
			approach this?
		
00:37:31 --> 00:37:32
			You know, in America, I don't think we
		
00:37:32 --> 00:37:33
			have any excuses.
		
00:37:34 --> 00:37:37
			And look, one person has to have the
		
00:37:37 --> 00:37:39
			thought and it happens, right?
		
00:37:39 --> 00:37:42
			Like I've come across, you know, doctors that
		
00:37:42 --> 00:37:44
			don't have, you know, a masjid nearby.
		
00:37:44 --> 00:37:45
			They don't have a local imam.
		
00:37:46 --> 00:37:47
			You know what they're willing to do?
		
00:37:47 --> 00:37:50
			They're willing to pay an imam's salary personally,
		
00:37:51 --> 00:37:51
			right?
		
00:37:52 --> 00:37:54
			Two doctors, husband and wife, they're willing to
		
00:37:54 --> 00:37:58
			pay an imam's entire salary to bring somebody
		
00:37:58 --> 00:38:00
			over to their community so that they can
		
00:38:00 --> 00:38:00
			start something, right?
		
00:38:01 --> 00:38:03
			So alhamdulillah, you know, in the American community,
		
00:38:03 --> 00:38:06
			you know, more or less everyone has money,
		
00:38:06 --> 00:38:08
			community can come together.
		
00:38:08 --> 00:38:09
			And really all we got to do, I
		
00:38:09 --> 00:38:10
			think this is the biggest problem.
		
00:38:11 --> 00:38:12
			We don't have an awareness.
		
00:38:12 --> 00:38:14
			We don't even know what's going on up
		
00:38:14 --> 00:38:14
			there, right?
		
00:38:14 --> 00:38:17
			We're really slow at reacting with these things.
		
00:38:17 --> 00:38:19
			I don't think the problem is not having
		
00:38:19 --> 00:38:19
			maqdab.
		
00:38:20 --> 00:38:21
			Anyone wants to start a maqdab, they can
		
00:38:21 --> 00:38:22
			start a maqdab.
		
00:38:22 --> 00:38:24
			Anyone wants to find people that, there's an
		
00:38:24 --> 00:38:27
			oversaturation of scholars like in the east coast,
		
00:38:27 --> 00:38:28
			in the west coast, right?
		
00:38:28 --> 00:38:30
			In many different parts, they're just looking to
		
00:38:30 --> 00:38:32
			get out in a kind of, you know,
		
00:38:32 --> 00:38:34
			community that they can work with.
		
00:38:34 --> 00:38:36
			And so I don't, I really don't think
		
00:38:36 --> 00:38:37
			that there's an excuse.
		
00:38:37 --> 00:38:39
			If you don't have maqdabs, then start one,
		
00:38:39 --> 00:38:39
			you know.
		
00:38:40 --> 00:38:43
			And we've seen many, many people, early communities
		
00:38:43 --> 00:38:45
			in South Africa, early communities in Canada, early
		
00:38:45 --> 00:38:47
			communities in America.
		
00:38:47 --> 00:38:48
			They didn't have people, what did they do?
		
00:38:48 --> 00:38:51
			They sponsored scholars from back home, got them
		
00:38:51 --> 00:38:52
			to come here, educate their children.
		
00:38:53 --> 00:38:54
			So I don't think it's not doable.
		
00:38:54 --> 00:38:56
			It's just that we have to be proud
		
00:38:56 --> 00:38:57
			of where we come from.
		
00:38:58 --> 00:39:01
			And really, first step, step number one is,
		
00:39:01 --> 00:39:03
			you know, cognitive decolonization, right?
		
00:39:03 --> 00:39:05
			And I wanted to go over actually some
		
00:39:05 --> 00:39:06
			aspects of decolonization.
		
00:39:07 --> 00:39:08
			Yeah, we can move ahead.
		
00:39:08 --> 00:39:10
			I mean, I fear, for fear of making
		
00:39:10 --> 00:39:12
			this overly long, Inshallah, I think we move
		
00:39:12 --> 00:39:13
			along to the...
		
00:39:13 --> 00:39:15
			Yeah, I think that's a good idea.
		
00:39:15 --> 00:39:16
			This is a good point.
		
00:39:16 --> 00:39:16
			I think we can make that.
		
00:39:17 --> 00:39:19
			Yeah, I think quickly, basically, what we can
		
00:39:19 --> 00:39:22
			do is take a look at some examples
		
00:39:22 --> 00:39:23
			of educational imposition.
		
00:39:24 --> 00:39:29
			So, Griffith, you know, she's a native Indian,
		
00:39:29 --> 00:39:31
			an indigenous scholar.
		
00:39:31 --> 00:39:35
			She writes about Canada and the residential schools.
		
00:39:35 --> 00:39:37
			Basically, residential schools is just another word for
		
00:39:37 --> 00:39:38
			boarding schools.
		
00:39:39 --> 00:39:41
			There were many, there were one of Canada's
		
00:39:41 --> 00:39:45
			many colonial strategies, which aimed to inculcate British
		
00:39:45 --> 00:39:48
			students in a British worldview, inculcate students.
		
00:39:49 --> 00:39:50
			So I want to highlight this.
		
00:39:50 --> 00:39:53
			It aimed to inculcate students in a British
		
00:39:53 --> 00:39:53
			worldview.
		
00:39:54 --> 00:39:56
			So again, remember the aspect of worldview, and
		
00:39:56 --> 00:39:59
			assimilate them by denigrating their spiritualities.
		
00:39:59 --> 00:40:00
			Number one, denigration, right?
		
00:40:01 --> 00:40:06
			Dehumanization, denigration, basically kind of inculcating this idea
		
00:40:06 --> 00:40:09
			that whatever culture you come from is a
		
00:40:09 --> 00:40:10
			lower kind of culture.
		
00:40:10 --> 00:40:11
			It lacks culture.
		
00:40:11 --> 00:40:12
			It lacks civilization.
		
00:40:13 --> 00:40:16
			And so they denigrate their spiritualities, their epistemologies,
		
00:40:17 --> 00:40:19
			and their relationships to land, right?
		
00:40:19 --> 00:40:23
			Indian residential schools also attacked indigenous languages and
		
00:40:23 --> 00:40:26
			insisted on English only.
		
00:40:26 --> 00:40:28
			So again, this kind of common pattern that
		
00:40:28 --> 00:40:31
			you'll find in colonization.
		
00:40:32 --> 00:40:34
			You'll see examples of this in India as
		
00:40:34 --> 00:40:34
			well.
		
00:40:34 --> 00:40:36
			I'm not going to go into the details
		
00:40:36 --> 00:40:40
			of it, but the Mohammedan College of Calcutta,
		
00:40:40 --> 00:40:43
			this was actually foundationally laid down by the
		
00:40:43 --> 00:40:44
			British themselves.
		
00:40:45 --> 00:40:47
			We talked about Thomas Macaulay's Minute.
		
00:40:48 --> 00:40:50
			I think this is a really interesting passage
		
00:40:50 --> 00:40:50
			from it.
		
00:40:51 --> 00:40:53
			Education would create a class of Indians who
		
00:40:53 --> 00:40:56
			are Indian in blood and color, but English
		
00:40:56 --> 00:40:59
			in taste, in opinions, in morals, and intellect.
		
00:40:59 --> 00:41:00
			So if somebody thinks, and I'm just making
		
00:41:00 --> 00:41:02
			up this, you know, conspiracy theory about what
		
00:41:02 --> 00:41:04
			the British were trying to do, this is
		
00:41:04 --> 00:41:05
			their own words.
		
00:41:05 --> 00:41:07
			Not something that I pulled up.
		
00:41:07 --> 00:41:08
			It's their own words.
		
00:41:09 --> 00:41:11
			Similarly also, you can find the Mohammedan, you
		
00:41:11 --> 00:41:13
			know, Anglo-Oriental College.
		
00:41:13 --> 00:41:15
			This later on came to be known as
		
00:41:15 --> 00:41:16
			Aligarh University.
		
00:41:17 --> 00:41:19
			This was actually started by Sir Syed Ahmed
		
00:41:19 --> 00:41:21
			Khan, who, you know, he tried to be
		
00:41:21 --> 00:41:22
			a reformer.
		
00:41:23 --> 00:41:29
			He actually had efforts in decolonizing Muslims.
		
00:41:30 --> 00:41:32
			I don't know if he was working in,
		
00:41:32 --> 00:41:34
			I mean, he was definitely highly revered by
		
00:41:34 --> 00:41:35
			the British.
		
00:41:35 --> 00:41:39
			He was given many titles and medals by
		
00:41:39 --> 00:41:39
			the British.
		
00:41:40 --> 00:41:42
			So if possible, he was working with them.
		
00:41:42 --> 00:41:43
			If possible, he wasn't working with them.
		
00:41:43 --> 00:41:46
			But definitely he was doing things that was,
		
00:41:46 --> 00:41:47
			you know, in their bidding, right?
		
00:41:47 --> 00:41:50
			So he actually promoted, you know, learning English,
		
00:41:50 --> 00:41:53
			and that's basically, basically for Muslims in India
		
00:41:53 --> 00:41:56
			to become like the colonizer and working within
		
00:41:56 --> 00:41:58
			the system is their way to be colonized.
		
00:41:58 --> 00:41:59
			That was basically his idea.
		
00:42:00 --> 00:42:02
			You'll find similar kind of parallel ideas in
		
00:42:02 --> 00:42:06
			Egypt at the time, in Mohammed Abdo, you
		
00:42:06 --> 00:42:09
			know, Mohammed Rashid Rida, and others, Jamaluddin and
		
00:42:09 --> 00:42:10
			Afghani.
		
00:42:12 --> 00:42:16
			Yeah, so these are different examples of, you
		
00:42:16 --> 00:42:17
			know, educational imposition.
		
00:42:18 --> 00:42:21
			You'll find also examples of sartorial imposition.
		
00:42:21 --> 00:42:24
			So Sir Syed Ahmed Khan actually advocated for
		
00:42:24 --> 00:42:27
			the modernization of Muslims by adopting the colonizer's
		
00:42:27 --> 00:42:27
			culture.
		
00:42:28 --> 00:42:29
			He had a book called Tahzib ul-Akhlaq.
		
00:42:31 --> 00:42:37
			You also find other examples, Western clothing, like,
		
00:42:37 --> 00:42:40
			for example, shirts and coats were actually imposed
		
00:42:40 --> 00:42:42
			on Indians who served in any kind of
		
00:42:42 --> 00:42:44
			colonial administration.
		
00:42:45 --> 00:42:47
			Turbans were also prohibited.
		
00:42:47 --> 00:42:49
			So slowly, slowly, you saw this kind of
		
00:42:49 --> 00:42:54
			gradual leaving of cultural clothing and adopting the
		
00:42:54 --> 00:42:55
			way of the colonizer.
		
00:42:55 --> 00:42:57
			Now, the cognitive effect of clothing, I think
		
00:42:57 --> 00:43:00
			this actually can be researched more.
		
00:43:01 --> 00:43:05
			There's a very, very, very famous saying in
		
00:43:07 --> 00:43:10
			fashion studies, the clothes make the man.
		
00:43:10 --> 00:43:11
			The clothes make the man.
		
00:43:12 --> 00:43:13
			And I think we can see that, right?
		
00:43:15 --> 00:43:17
			Psychologists like Dubler and Girl, they actually write
		
00:43:17 --> 00:43:21
			that there's a correlation between an individual's sartorial
		
00:43:21 --> 00:43:22
			choices, their clothing choices, and their mood.
		
00:43:23 --> 00:43:26
			So we can definitely see that clothing has
		
00:43:26 --> 00:43:28
			an effect on a person's psyche.
		
00:43:28 --> 00:43:31
			As a matter of fact, think about it
		
00:43:31 --> 00:43:32
			like this, right?
		
00:43:32 --> 00:43:35
			I want you to picture somebody who their
		
00:43:35 --> 00:43:36
			whole life wore certain things, right?
		
00:43:37 --> 00:43:39
			Let's say you, Man Asadullah, you grew up
		
00:43:39 --> 00:43:41
			in the land of Afghanistan, let's say, right?
		
00:43:41 --> 00:43:44
			And your whole life, basically, you're a person,
		
00:43:44 --> 00:43:45
			you know, who grew up in the mountains.
		
00:43:46 --> 00:43:48
			You're used to wearing like a kurta, a
		
00:43:48 --> 00:43:48
			pajama.
		
00:43:49 --> 00:43:49
			You're wearing a turban.
		
00:43:50 --> 00:43:51
			This is what you saw your forefathers wearing.
		
00:43:51 --> 00:43:53
			You saw your cousins and your uncles wearing
		
00:43:53 --> 00:43:54
			that.
		
00:43:54 --> 00:43:55
			You're used to that.
		
00:43:55 --> 00:43:58
			All of a sudden, a foreign force comes
		
00:43:58 --> 00:44:00
			and tells you that, no, no, no, these
		
00:44:00 --> 00:44:01
			clothing, they're actually backwards.
		
00:44:01 --> 00:44:02
			Look at this.
		
00:44:02 --> 00:44:04
			Who the heck wears this, right?
		
00:44:04 --> 00:44:06
			And they tell you, no, the civilized way
		
00:44:06 --> 00:44:07
			is you must wear a shirt.
		
00:44:07 --> 00:44:09
			You must wear, you know, a suit and
		
00:44:09 --> 00:44:10
			a tie.
		
00:44:10 --> 00:44:13
			And now, poor guy, you're actually convinced, right?
		
00:44:13 --> 00:44:15
			So what do you do next day is
		
00:44:15 --> 00:44:18
			you, you know, shave your beard, you wear
		
00:44:18 --> 00:44:21
			this nice fancy, you know, suit and tie
		
00:44:21 --> 00:44:22
			and shirt and so on and so forth.
		
00:44:23 --> 00:44:24
			What are you feeling inside?
		
00:44:26 --> 00:44:27
			You've never worn this before.
		
00:44:27 --> 00:44:29
			You go out for the first time looking
		
00:44:29 --> 00:44:29
			like this.
		
00:44:29 --> 00:44:29
			What do you feel?
		
00:44:29 --> 00:44:32
			You feel completely subjugated, right?
		
00:44:32 --> 00:44:34
			You feel like you're not even yourself.
		
00:44:34 --> 00:44:37
			You've become now, through your own kind of
		
00:44:37 --> 00:44:40
			will, you've become this person that someone else
		
00:44:40 --> 00:44:42
			wants you to be, right?
		
00:44:42 --> 00:44:47
			So there's a deep connection between clothing and
		
00:44:47 --> 00:44:50
			the cognitive effect it has and why the
		
00:44:50 --> 00:44:52
			colonizer might be interested in your clothes.
		
00:44:52 --> 00:44:54
			We might think of clothes like, you know,
		
00:44:54 --> 00:44:55
			why care about clothes, right?
		
00:44:55 --> 00:44:57
			It's just such a mundane thing.
		
00:44:58 --> 00:45:00
			But I think it has a deeper effect.
		
00:45:01 --> 00:45:06
			So, I want to go into a case
		
00:45:06 --> 00:45:07
			study in the Indian subcontinent.
		
00:45:08 --> 00:45:13
			We had basically this group of scholars, theological,
		
00:45:13 --> 00:45:18
			you know, scholars and legal scholars in the
		
00:45:18 --> 00:45:21
			Indian subcontinent that kind of realized, and I
		
00:45:21 --> 00:45:24
			think this is a unique aspect of decolonization.
		
00:45:25 --> 00:45:27
			And again, remember, like you had anti-colonial
		
00:45:27 --> 00:45:29
			movements in India, right?
		
00:45:29 --> 00:45:31
			You had, you know, like Gandhi, for example,
		
00:45:31 --> 00:45:35
			you had Dabai Naroji, right?
		
00:45:35 --> 00:45:37
			He wrote an entire thing on the drain
		
00:45:37 --> 00:45:43
			theory, basically how much the British were actually
		
00:45:43 --> 00:45:46
			draining out in terms of economic resources from
		
00:45:46 --> 00:45:47
			India.
		
00:45:47 --> 00:45:50
			And you had many other of these types
		
00:45:50 --> 00:45:53
			of, you know, anti-colonial forces, right?
		
00:45:53 --> 00:45:55
			These kind of movements for independence.
		
00:45:56 --> 00:46:00
			But again, like I mentioned, the cognitive effect,
		
00:46:00 --> 00:46:04
			look, if the British come and they assimilate
		
00:46:04 --> 00:46:09
			people and they kind of convert people into
		
00:46:09 --> 00:46:12
			British culture, and then they can move away.
		
00:46:13 --> 00:46:15
			In essence, they've won.
		
00:46:15 --> 00:46:16
			In essence, they've won.
		
00:46:16 --> 00:46:16
			Why?
		
00:46:17 --> 00:46:22
			Because if their understanding of Indian people or
		
00:46:22 --> 00:46:24
			native people was that they were backwards, at
		
00:46:24 --> 00:46:26
			least what they feel is that, well, at
		
00:46:26 --> 00:46:27
			least we've civilized them, right?
		
00:46:27 --> 00:46:30
			So they're not too sad about the fact
		
00:46:31 --> 00:46:35
			that in perpetuity, anyone that grows up in
		
00:46:35 --> 00:46:37
			India will see English as, you know, the
		
00:46:37 --> 00:46:40
			better kind of language, will see British clothing
		
00:46:40 --> 00:46:41
			and European clothing as the better kind of,
		
00:46:42 --> 00:46:44
			so, you know, in other words, the British
		
00:46:44 --> 00:46:45
			will be their gods anyway.
		
00:46:45 --> 00:46:51
			Right, so so and subhanAllah, I think it's
		
00:46:51 --> 00:46:53
			very interesting that the scholars in the Indian
		
00:46:53 --> 00:46:57
			subcontinent, the ulama of Durban, they really kind
		
00:46:57 --> 00:46:58
			of picked up on this, right?
		
00:46:58 --> 00:47:02
			So what we see is you kind of
		
00:47:02 --> 00:47:05
			see these kind of moves that they're making,
		
00:47:05 --> 00:47:05
			right?
		
00:47:06 --> 00:47:09
			You find different fatawa that are coming out
		
00:47:09 --> 00:47:12
			from, you know, Maharishi Ahmed Gangohi, as early
		
00:47:12 --> 00:47:14
			as Maharishi Ahmed Gangohi, and then you have
		
00:47:14 --> 00:47:18
			Maharishi Ali Tanvi, and then Qari Tayyab, who
		
00:47:18 --> 00:47:21
			was actually one of the principals of the
		
00:47:21 --> 00:47:23
			seminary of Durban, right?
		
00:47:23 --> 00:47:27
			So through fatawa, they kind of say that,
		
00:47:27 --> 00:47:29
			you know, it's impermissible to learn the English
		
00:47:29 --> 00:47:31
			language, to wear shirts, and again, like, they
		
00:47:31 --> 00:47:33
			offered the rationale as well.
		
00:47:33 --> 00:47:35
			Maharishi Ali Tanvi, in his fatwa, he explains
		
00:47:35 --> 00:47:38
			that learning English in and of itself, intrinsically,
		
00:47:38 --> 00:47:40
			there's no harm to it, right?
		
00:47:40 --> 00:47:41
			It depends what a person is trying to
		
00:47:41 --> 00:47:42
			do with it, right?
		
00:47:43 --> 00:47:47
			And their legal rationale for the fatawa is
		
00:47:47 --> 00:47:49
			basically that if you want to remain who
		
00:47:49 --> 00:47:52
			you are, then you have to look back
		
00:47:52 --> 00:47:53
			at the past, and you have to look
		
00:47:53 --> 00:47:56
			back at the Prophet ﷺ, and how was
		
00:47:56 --> 00:47:57
			he, right?
		
00:47:57 --> 00:48:00
			And the sahaba, and how they were, right?
		
00:48:00 --> 00:48:01
			So let me just interject here.
		
00:48:01 --> 00:48:02
			I think it's interesting.
		
00:48:02 --> 00:48:05
			You pull up this example of the ulama
		
00:48:05 --> 00:48:06
			of Durban, and I don't know if there's
		
00:48:06 --> 00:48:11
			any parallels in the other colonized but a
		
00:48:11 --> 00:48:12
			lot of times people look at these fatawa
		
00:48:12 --> 00:48:13
			and say, look, they were just being backward
		
00:48:13 --> 00:48:17
			and, you know, like, useless fatwas, talking about,
		
00:48:17 --> 00:48:20
			you know, things that are, but actually there
		
00:48:20 --> 00:48:23
			was, they actually had a much deeper reasoning,
		
00:48:23 --> 00:48:25
			and they had a much better, broader understanding
		
00:48:25 --> 00:48:25
			of the worldview.
		
00:48:25 --> 00:48:27
			It wasn't as simplistic as I think people
		
00:48:27 --> 00:48:28
			think of it now.
		
00:48:29 --> 00:48:30
			Yeah, I mean, you know, that's kind of
		
00:48:30 --> 00:48:33
			the case with, like, any deep thinkers, right?
		
00:48:34 --> 00:48:35
			Regardless of what the fatwa is nowadays, like,
		
00:48:35 --> 00:48:37
			nobody's saying that you can't learn English now,
		
00:48:37 --> 00:48:38
			or things like that.
		
00:48:38 --> 00:48:38
			Exactly, exactly.
		
00:48:39 --> 00:48:40
			As a matter of fact, we're talking in
		
00:48:40 --> 00:48:40
			English right now.
		
00:48:40 --> 00:48:41
			We're speaking in English right now.
		
00:48:42 --> 00:48:47
			So that's not, I think, you know, people,
		
00:48:48 --> 00:48:50
			that's kind of the case with all deep
		
00:48:50 --> 00:48:52
			thinkers, I think, that they're thinking hundreds of
		
00:48:52 --> 00:48:53
			years ahead.
		
00:48:53 --> 00:48:57
			They're strategizing, they're planning, and not everyone is
		
00:48:57 --> 00:48:58
			able to read into that and kind of
		
00:48:58 --> 00:49:00
			process that, right?
		
00:49:00 --> 00:49:02
			But looking back, like, subhanAllah, if you look,
		
00:49:03 --> 00:49:06
			if you read decolonial literature from, you know,
		
00:49:07 --> 00:49:12
			globally, really, like, in Native Americas, if you
		
00:49:12 --> 00:49:15
			look in Africa, any decolonial literature, and you
		
00:49:15 --> 00:49:18
			see what they're promoting, you will see that
		
00:49:18 --> 00:49:20
			the ulama of Durban have done that in
		
00:49:20 --> 00:49:22
			the 1800s and the 1900s.
		
00:49:22 --> 00:49:25
			They've already, you know, strategized that, already planned
		
00:49:25 --> 00:49:25
			that, right?
		
00:49:26 --> 00:49:28
			So they're making these subtle moves, right?
		
00:49:28 --> 00:49:31
			They're writing this fatwa, and the legal rationale
		
00:49:31 --> 00:49:32
			basically stems from there.
		
00:49:32 --> 00:49:36
			The Prophet ﷺ already teaches us that من
		
00:49:36 --> 00:49:39
			تشبه بقوم فهو منهم Whoever emulates a people
		
00:49:39 --> 00:49:41
			becomes one of them, and that's literally what
		
00:49:41 --> 00:49:43
			assimilation is, right?
		
00:49:43 --> 00:49:47
			And then there are descriptions, you know, anyone
		
00:49:47 --> 00:49:50
			that has studied Ash-Shamayil al-Muhammadiyya, will
		
00:49:50 --> 00:49:51
			see that there are descriptions about, you know,
		
00:49:51 --> 00:49:55
			Prophet ﷺ's clothing, his eating, his walking, basically
		
00:49:55 --> 00:49:55
			his entire lifestyle.
		
00:49:56 --> 00:49:58
			And therefore, we can actually turn back to
		
00:49:58 --> 00:50:00
			these and see what exactly our culture should
		
00:50:00 --> 00:50:00
			be, right?
		
00:50:01 --> 00:50:04
			مُفْتِكِ فَعَتُ اللَّه This is his fatwa, and
		
00:50:04 --> 00:50:07
			he clearly says everything from British hair, hat,
		
00:50:07 --> 00:50:10
			coat, pants, is enough for تشبه, right?
		
00:50:12 --> 00:50:15
			And تشبه is referring to the principle taken
		
00:50:15 --> 00:50:17
			from the hadith من تشبه بقوم فهو منهم
		
00:50:17 --> 00:50:22
			That in Islam تشبه, emulating non-believers or,
		
00:50:22 --> 00:50:27
			you know, sinners or genders that are opposing
		
00:50:27 --> 00:50:30
			each other, emulation of any of these types
		
00:50:30 --> 00:50:31
			is impermissible, right?
		
00:50:31 --> 00:50:34
			And he says that wearing these would be
		
00:50:35 --> 00:50:38
			enough to fall under تشبه But the ruling
		
00:50:38 --> 00:50:40
			of imitation is only if the viewer seeing
		
00:50:40 --> 00:50:42
			it falls into the confusion that this person
		
00:50:42 --> 00:50:45
			is a member of that people So, you
		
00:50:45 --> 00:50:47
			know, imagine you come to like Mughal India
		
00:50:47 --> 00:50:50
			or, you know, pre-colonial India All you
		
00:50:50 --> 00:50:52
			saw is people wearing a type of clothing
		
00:50:52 --> 00:50:53
			They weren't used to seeing, you know, people
		
00:50:53 --> 00:50:57
			in these like British haircuts or hats or
		
00:50:57 --> 00:50:59
			coat and pants So if they saw that
		
00:50:59 --> 00:51:01
			person that was definitely an outsider, right?
		
00:51:01 --> 00:51:04
			That's kind of his point that Are you
		
00:51:04 --> 00:51:07
			wearing certain things that are part of your
		
00:51:07 --> 00:51:10
			own culture, part of your own tradition, or
		
00:51:10 --> 00:51:11
			something that comes from elsewhere?
		
00:51:13 --> 00:51:14
			And again, you know, we're not saying that,
		
00:51:14 --> 00:51:16
			you know, it's haram, like, you know, wearing
		
00:51:16 --> 00:51:18
			a shirt and a pant is haram, definitely
		
00:51:18 --> 00:51:21
			not What we are saying is that Obviously,
		
00:51:22 --> 00:51:24
			you can wear these things But you should
		
00:51:24 --> 00:51:26
			also consider what the Prophet ﷺ wore and
		
00:51:26 --> 00:51:27
			should be proud of that You shouldn't feel
		
00:51:27 --> 00:51:29
			backwards And that's, I think, the entire idea
		
00:51:29 --> 00:51:31
			that if you're wearing a thawb, if you're
		
00:51:31 --> 00:51:33
			wearing an imam, if you're wearing a hat
		
00:51:33 --> 00:51:35
			or if you see someone else wearing it,
		
00:51:35 --> 00:51:38
			unfortunately, it is very, very sad that you
		
00:51:38 --> 00:51:41
			find more comments from Muslims towards other Muslims.
		
00:51:41 --> 00:51:45
			You'll find, you know, a Muslim looking weird
		
00:51:45 --> 00:51:48
			at a Muslim, right?
		
00:51:49 --> 00:51:50
			That, oh, why do you have to practice
		
00:51:50 --> 00:51:51
			like that?
		
00:51:51 --> 00:51:53
			Well, you know, if that person is proud
		
00:51:53 --> 00:51:54
			of their tradition, who are you to, like,
		
00:51:54 --> 00:51:55
			say anything, right?
		
00:51:55 --> 00:51:56
			This is a free country, unless you don't
		
00:51:56 --> 00:51:58
			believe that this is a free country So
		
00:51:58 --> 00:52:01
			even non-Muslims won't have this kind of
		
00:52:01 --> 00:52:03
			discrimination to the point.
		
00:52:03 --> 00:52:05
			And this, I think, is the perfect colonized
		
00:52:05 --> 00:52:06
			mind, really, right?
		
00:52:07 --> 00:52:11
			And Stockholm syndrome, where the colonized falls in
		
00:52:11 --> 00:52:14
			love with the captor, with the colonizer So
		
00:52:14 --> 00:52:16
			we see also Umar ibn al-Khattab, we
		
00:52:16 --> 00:52:20
			all know the filasa that he had, right?
		
00:52:20 --> 00:52:23
			SubhanAllah In the time of the Prophet ﷺ,
		
00:52:23 --> 00:52:25
			as a matter of fact, in the footnotes
		
00:52:25 --> 00:52:28
			of Sahih al-Bukhari there are 22 muwafaqat
		
00:52:28 --> 00:52:32
			that are listed Muwafaqat are basically instances where
		
00:52:32 --> 00:52:34
			Umar felt that the sharia should lean a
		
00:52:34 --> 00:52:37
			certain way And revelation, wahy from Allah came
		
00:52:37 --> 00:52:40
			and was in accordance with the opinion of
		
00:52:40 --> 00:52:42
			Umar So really, he was known for his
		
00:52:42 --> 00:52:45
			filasa, his far-sightedness, and kind of seeing
		
00:52:45 --> 00:52:48
			where the direction of the Muslims was going
		
00:52:48 --> 00:52:51
			and intercepting that and kind of dealing with
		
00:52:51 --> 00:52:52
			that.
		
00:52:52 --> 00:52:54
			So this is what he tells, you know,
		
00:52:54 --> 00:52:57
			in Azerbaijan, Muslims are a minority and he
		
00:52:57 --> 00:53:01
			kind of perceived that, you know, people might,
		
00:53:01 --> 00:53:03
			as a minority, might kind of adopt the
		
00:53:03 --> 00:53:07
			culture of the majority, right, the dominant culture,
		
00:53:07 --> 00:53:10
			and he instructs in a letter to the
		
00:53:10 --> 00:53:14
			people of Azerbaijan, he says, you know Amma
		
00:53:14 --> 00:53:17
			ba'd fattaziru, right, wear the izar, wanta'ilu,
		
00:53:17 --> 00:53:21
			wear shoes warmu bil khifaf, right, put on
		
00:53:21 --> 00:53:25
			khufs, khufs are basically these leather socks that
		
00:53:25 --> 00:53:28
			the Arabs used to wear and wa alqus
		
00:53:28 --> 00:53:31
			sarawilat, like let go of pants because, I
		
00:53:31 --> 00:53:34
			mean, some Arabs did wear pants but what
		
00:53:34 --> 00:53:35
			was more common amongst them is what we
		
00:53:35 --> 00:53:37
			know today as lungi, I mean, it's not
		
00:53:37 --> 00:53:39
			exactly the lungi that we see today, the
		
00:53:39 --> 00:53:41
			ones that are fully closed, actually they had
		
00:53:41 --> 00:53:45
			those open lungi, right, like the the one
		
00:53:45 --> 00:53:47
			where it's one piece of cloth and you
		
00:53:47 --> 00:53:51
			tie it like that and, you know, he
		
00:53:51 --> 00:53:53
			uses language like that, he says wa alaykum
		
00:53:53 --> 00:53:55
			bish shams and so on and so forth
		
00:53:55 --> 00:53:58
			So this is directive to, you know, the
		
00:53:58 --> 00:54:02
			people of Azerbaijan basically hold on to, and
		
00:54:02 --> 00:54:05
			he literally says wa ta ma'dadu, right, adopt
		
00:54:05 --> 00:54:07
			the ways of ma'd which is basically one
		
00:54:07 --> 00:54:09
			of the Arab forefathers, he basically says, you
		
00:54:09 --> 00:54:11
			know, like do not let go of your
		
00:54:11 --> 00:54:14
			own cultural ways and don't adopt basically the
		
00:54:14 --> 00:54:17
			ways of others and again, like, you know,
		
00:54:17 --> 00:54:19
			we don't have to, this kind of raises
		
00:54:19 --> 00:54:20
			other questions, like some people might say that
		
00:54:20 --> 00:54:22
			what if, you know, there's no such thing
		
00:54:22 --> 00:54:25
			as Islamic clothing and it's, you know, only
		
00:54:25 --> 00:54:28
			Arab culture, actually that's wrong There are some
		
00:54:28 --> 00:54:30
			things that are Arab culture, but I think
		
00:54:30 --> 00:54:33
			some things are clearly Islamic culture and the
		
00:54:33 --> 00:54:35
			reason for that is because you see the
		
00:54:35 --> 00:54:39
			Prophet ﷺ in many aspects of clothing and
		
00:54:39 --> 00:54:42
			many aspects of culture, he creates this divide,
		
00:54:42 --> 00:54:43
			like this is our way and this is
		
00:54:43 --> 00:54:46
			other people's way, so for example, in Sunan
		
00:54:46 --> 00:54:47
			Abi Dawud, there's a hadith where the Prophet
		
00:54:47 --> 00:54:50
			ﷺ talks about the imamah, he talks about
		
00:54:50 --> 00:54:53
			wearing turbans and he said wear a turban
		
00:54:53 --> 00:54:56
			with a hat under it because the polytheists
		
00:54:56 --> 00:54:58
			wear it without a hat under it, right,
		
00:54:58 --> 00:55:01
			so he makes a clear difference, same thing
		
00:55:01 --> 00:55:04
			with Ismail al-Izzat, right, lowering the pants
		
00:55:04 --> 00:55:08
			or a person's lungi till below the ankle,
		
00:55:08 --> 00:55:11
			so he makes clear differentiations, different types of
		
00:55:11 --> 00:55:14
			haircuts that the Prophet ﷺ allowed certain things
		
00:55:14 --> 00:55:16
			that he didn't allow, different kinds of colors
		
00:55:16 --> 00:55:19
			that the Prophet ﷺ permitted wearing, some that
		
00:55:19 --> 00:55:22
			he prohibited wearing, so very much, I think
		
00:55:22 --> 00:55:23
			these aspects that we would call, you know,
		
00:55:23 --> 00:55:26
			cultural Arab culture, I don't think that they're
		
00:55:26 --> 00:55:28
			very much part of, you know, in the
		
00:55:28 --> 00:55:30
			fabric of Islamic culture, the other proof for
		
00:55:30 --> 00:55:33
			it is that you do find chapters of
		
00:55:33 --> 00:55:36
			fiqh that are dedicated, so it shows that
		
00:55:36 --> 00:55:38
			the ulema of the past and the fuqaha
		
00:55:38 --> 00:55:40
			and the scholars of hadith very much saw
		
00:55:40 --> 00:55:43
			these as part of Islamic culture as well
		
00:55:44 --> 00:55:46
			So anyway, I mean, I think this letter
		
00:55:46 --> 00:55:49
			from Omar r.a is very enlightening for,
		
00:55:49 --> 00:55:51
			you know, colonized people and people that are
		
00:55:51 --> 00:55:55
			minorities in different places And then the last
		
00:55:55 --> 00:55:58
			thing that I'll focus on is the seminary
		
00:55:58 --> 00:56:00
			that they started, again, remember we talked about
		
00:56:00 --> 00:56:03
			education and how colonizers in different parts of
		
00:56:03 --> 00:56:06
			the world, they focused on education so that
		
00:56:06 --> 00:56:07
			they can shape the minds of the future,
		
00:56:07 --> 00:56:10
			so what did the scholars of Durban do?
		
00:56:10 --> 00:56:14
			They created their own seminary, in which, actually,
		
00:56:14 --> 00:56:15
			if we can focus on this picture, what
		
00:56:15 --> 00:56:19
			you'll see is, look at all these students
		
00:56:19 --> 00:56:22
			and teachers, they're all wearing white, why the
		
00:56:22 --> 00:56:23
			focus for white?
		
00:56:23 --> 00:56:25
			Again, because the Prophet ﷺ, and really one
		
00:56:25 --> 00:56:27
			thing that you see that's common amongst the
		
00:56:27 --> 00:56:32
			scholars of Durban is their focus on the
		
00:56:32 --> 00:56:35
			revival of the sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ,
		
00:56:35 --> 00:56:35
			right?
		
00:56:35 --> 00:56:38
			The revival of prophetic tradition, this is really,
		
00:56:38 --> 00:56:42
			I think, what makes them unique, that they
		
00:56:42 --> 00:56:43
			saw that this is really what's being attacked,
		
00:56:44 --> 00:56:46
			tradition and the culture of the Prophet ﷺ,
		
00:56:46 --> 00:56:49
			the culture of the Sahaba, and so this
		
00:56:49 --> 00:56:49
			is basically what they started.
		
00:56:50 --> 00:56:52
			In essence, it was a very, very small
		
00:56:52 --> 00:56:53
			movement, right?
		
00:56:53 --> 00:56:56
			One teacher, one student, right, both named Mahmood,
		
00:56:57 --> 00:56:59
			you know, they started with very, very meager
		
00:56:59 --> 00:57:03
			salary, there was no kind of foundation, nothing,
		
00:57:03 --> 00:57:05
			I mean, this structure that we see, it
		
00:57:05 --> 00:57:09
			came about much later, but in 1866, when
		
00:57:09 --> 00:57:11
			it was started, it was actually just in
		
00:57:11 --> 00:57:14
			the courtyard under a pomegranate tree, right, that's
		
00:57:14 --> 00:57:17
			as simple as it was, and subhanAllah, today,
		
00:57:17 --> 00:57:18
			if you go there, you will see, you
		
00:57:18 --> 00:57:21
			know, tens of thousands of students studying, and
		
00:57:21 --> 00:57:24
			not only that, you'll find, you know, hundreds,
		
00:57:25 --> 00:57:28
			if not thousands of sister institutes all over
		
00:57:28 --> 00:57:32
			the world, in South Africa, Panama, you know,
		
00:57:32 --> 00:57:34
			really anywhere you go, you'll find some kind
		
00:57:34 --> 00:57:36
			of Darul Uloom or some kind of, you
		
00:57:36 --> 00:57:41
			know, institution that has been established to raise
		
00:57:41 --> 00:57:42
			the same kind of values.
		
00:57:43 --> 00:57:46
			So, I think, basically, you know, if we
		
00:57:46 --> 00:57:51
			think about decolonization in our days, right, what
		
00:57:51 --> 00:57:55
			we can really focus on is the fact
		
00:57:55 --> 00:57:57
			that, number one, we need to educate ourselves,
		
00:57:58 --> 00:58:00
			because we have to understand that if we
		
00:58:00 --> 00:58:04
			want to work on first principles, if we
		
00:58:04 --> 00:58:07
			want to first lay down our cognitive foundations,
		
00:58:07 --> 00:58:11
			right, and if we can free ourselves in
		
00:58:11 --> 00:58:13
			this sense, then, you know, everything else will
		
00:58:13 --> 00:58:17
			follow, the aspect of geographic annexation, the aspect
		
00:58:17 --> 00:58:20
			of, you know, military and economic exploitation, those,
		
00:58:21 --> 00:58:23
			I think, will just, will follow, as long
		
00:58:23 --> 00:58:25
			as we're not mentally enslaved, as long as
		
00:58:25 --> 00:58:28
			we don't kind of have this inferiority complex
		
00:58:28 --> 00:58:31
			in front of the colonizer, and, you know,
		
00:58:31 --> 00:58:34
			I referred to, you know, neo-imperial forces,
		
00:58:35 --> 00:58:36
			and you can find those examples today as
		
00:58:36 --> 00:58:39
			well, right, you have this kind of, you
		
00:58:39 --> 00:58:42
			know, hegemony out there in the world that
		
00:58:42 --> 00:58:45
			will demonize and dehumanize any kind of culture
		
00:58:45 --> 00:58:49
			that is not them, right, anyone that does
		
00:58:49 --> 00:58:51
			not abide by their ethics, by their aesthetics,
		
00:58:52 --> 00:58:56
			is looked down upon, is portrayed as some
		
00:58:56 --> 00:59:00
			kind of barbaric culture, and they're given these
		
00:59:00 --> 00:59:04
			kind of denigrating names, and labeled in such
		
00:59:04 --> 00:59:07
			ways, and through the use of media, through
		
00:59:07 --> 00:59:11
			education, through, you know, even political and military
		
00:59:11 --> 00:59:14
			means, they're basically subjugated in that sense, right,
		
00:59:14 --> 00:59:17
			any kind of ideology that really goes against
		
00:59:17 --> 00:59:21
			this hegemony, so if we want to understand
		
00:59:21 --> 00:59:24
			colonization, we have to understand it as an
		
00:59:24 --> 00:59:30
			ideological warfare, it's a battle between ideas, between
		
00:59:30 --> 00:59:33
			competing ideologies, and that's really, I think, what
		
00:59:33 --> 00:59:36
			we need to liberate ourselves, number one, cognitive
		
00:59:36 --> 00:59:41
			decolonization, to educate ourselves, to understand, again, why
		
00:59:41 --> 00:59:44
			I'm focusing on education so much, and subhanAllah,
		
00:59:44 --> 00:59:45
			you see, in the hadith of the Prophet
		
00:59:45 --> 00:59:50
			ﷺ, education and learning, is actually given a
		
00:59:50 --> 00:59:54
			higher order, and a higher virtue, in comparison
		
00:59:54 --> 00:59:57
			to ibadah, in comparison to, you know, worshiping,
		
00:59:57 --> 00:59:59
			right, we might think of, like, you know,
		
00:59:59 --> 01:00:01
			someone who wakes up for tahajjud, and, you
		
01:00:01 --> 01:00:03
			know, stays up all night, as such a
		
01:00:03 --> 01:00:05
			pious person, but the Prophet ﷺ tells us
		
01:00:05 --> 01:00:07
			that, you know, learning an ayat of the
		
01:00:07 --> 01:00:09
			Qur'an, learning hadith is worth so much
		
01:00:09 --> 01:00:13
			more, right, so the reason why there's so
		
01:00:13 --> 01:00:16
			much virtue attached to knowledge is because that's
		
01:00:16 --> 01:00:18
			really the foundation of who you are, if
		
01:00:18 --> 01:00:19
			you don't have knowledge, then you don't know
		
01:00:19 --> 01:00:21
			who you are, most Muslims today are not
		
01:00:21 --> 01:00:24
			acquainted with the entire, you know, intellectual heritage
		
01:00:24 --> 01:00:27
			that our forefathers left us with, right, how
		
01:00:27 --> 01:00:29
			many, like, books of hadith can people name,
		
01:00:29 --> 01:00:32
			how many books of grammar can, Arabic grammar
		
01:00:32 --> 01:00:34
			can people name, how many books of poetry,
		
01:00:34 --> 01:00:36
			you know, how many books of, even, unfortunately,
		
01:00:36 --> 01:00:38
			you know, many scholars, if you ask a
		
01:00:38 --> 01:00:40
			scholar, how many books of Nahwa can you
		
01:00:40 --> 01:00:42
			list, how many can you list, how many
		
01:00:42 --> 01:00:46
			of us are acquainted with our libraries, right,
		
01:00:46 --> 01:00:47
			so I think, you know, these are fundamental
		
01:00:47 --> 01:00:52
			questions to ask ourselves, and every, alhamdulillah, nowadays,
		
01:00:52 --> 01:00:54
			you know, you have many, many programs that
		
01:00:54 --> 01:00:56
			are, you know, if not online, then they're
		
01:00:56 --> 01:00:59
			in person, part-time, you know, you have
		
01:00:59 --> 01:01:01
			halaqas going on in every single masjid, it
		
01:01:01 --> 01:01:04
			is our duty to educate ourselves, that's step
		
01:01:04 --> 01:01:06
			number one, once we understand how usul al
		
01:01:06 --> 01:01:08
			-fiqh works, once we understand how kalam works,
		
01:01:09 --> 01:01:12
			once we understand, you know, really the philosophy
		
01:01:12 --> 01:01:14
			behind this entire machine, like, why do we
		
01:01:14 --> 01:01:16
			pray salah, right, we're so used to doing
		
01:01:16 --> 01:01:20
			these ritualistically, just like every other religion, that
		
01:01:20 --> 01:01:22
			we really think that these are rituals, but
		
01:01:22 --> 01:01:24
			we don't understand the deeper kind of philosophy,
		
01:01:24 --> 01:01:26
			and so many people, like Shah Waliullah al
		
01:01:26 --> 01:01:28
			-Dahlawi, you know, Imam al-Sha'rani, you
		
01:01:28 --> 01:01:34
			know, Imam al-Ghazali, rahimahullah, al-Shaltibi, they've
		
01:01:34 --> 01:01:37
			all written on, you know, the higher philosophy
		
01:01:37 --> 01:01:39
			behind, you know, all of the actions that,
		
01:01:39 --> 01:01:41
			all the ibadahs that we perform, right, so
		
01:01:41 --> 01:01:44
			to be acquainted with the rich nature of,
		
01:01:45 --> 01:01:46
			you know, the intellectual heritage that the Prophet
		
01:01:46 --> 01:01:48
			ﷺ left us with, I think, is going
		
01:01:48 --> 01:01:51
			to be our first liberatory move, inshaAllah.
		
01:01:54 --> 01:01:58
			Jazakumullah khair for that beautiful presentation, and I
		
01:01:58 --> 01:02:00
			don't know if Hafiz Musab wants to add
		
01:02:00 --> 01:02:02
			anything before, inshaAllah, I say we make a
		
01:02:02 --> 01:02:04
			final dua, at least for the Muslims in
		
01:02:04 --> 01:02:07
			general, and specifically in Gaza and the situation
		
01:02:07 --> 01:02:09
			that's going on there, and then inshaAllah we'll
		
01:02:09 --> 01:02:09
			close.
		
01:02:10 --> 01:02:12
			I was thinking maybe just like within a
		
01:02:12 --> 01:02:14
			couple minutes, we can just mention some parallels
		
01:02:15 --> 01:02:18
			that are taking place, like, on the Palestinians,
		
01:02:19 --> 01:02:21
			based on what we mentioned, and then we
		
01:02:21 --> 01:02:21
			can make dua.
		
01:02:23 --> 01:02:25
			Yeah, I think throughout the talk, like, you
		
01:02:25 --> 01:02:28
			know, we have drawn some parallels here and
		
01:02:28 --> 01:02:30
			there, but you see this kind of, you
		
01:02:30 --> 01:02:34
			know, dehumanization that's happening of the Palestinians, right,
		
01:02:34 --> 01:02:39
			the Israeli Minister of Defense had this whole
		
01:02:39 --> 01:02:42
			tweet calling them human animals, so dehumanization is
		
01:02:42 --> 01:02:44
			taking place, and he even says we'll treat
		
01:02:44 --> 01:02:47
			them like animals, right, so this kind of
		
01:02:47 --> 01:02:50
			othering, this kind of dehumanization that's happening, and
		
01:02:50 --> 01:02:52
			also something that you will see, the British,
		
01:02:52 --> 01:02:54
			for example, in India, when there were any
		
01:02:54 --> 01:02:57
			kind of anti-colonial forces, what did they
		
01:02:57 --> 01:02:57
			label them with?
		
01:02:58 --> 01:03:00
			Terrorists, right, anyone that tries to fight for
		
01:03:00 --> 01:03:02
			their freedom is basically seen as a terrorist,
		
01:03:02 --> 01:03:04
			and that's also what we see in the
		
01:03:04 --> 01:03:06
			Israelis, so they're kind of playing from a
		
01:03:06 --> 01:03:12
			pretty, you know, old handbook, right, it's nothing
		
01:03:12 --> 01:03:14
			new, so you'll see this parallel as well,
		
01:03:14 --> 01:03:17
			right, labeling all Arabs, all, you know, Palestinians
		
01:03:17 --> 01:03:21
			as terrorists, kind of dehumanizing them, and so
		
01:03:21 --> 01:03:23
			on and so forth, right, you also see,
		
01:03:24 --> 01:03:27
			you know, the aspect of settler colonialism and
		
01:03:27 --> 01:03:31
			treating them like second-class citizens, right, that
		
01:03:31 --> 01:03:33
			if you're an Israeli citizen, then you have
		
01:03:33 --> 01:03:37
			certain rights, if you're a Jewish person anywhere
		
01:03:37 --> 01:03:39
			in the world, you have certain rights already
		
01:03:39 --> 01:03:41
			for you in Israel, but then the people
		
01:03:41 --> 01:03:43
			that were inhabiting those lands themselves, they have
		
01:03:43 --> 01:03:45
			absolutely no rights, right, not even the right
		
01:03:45 --> 01:03:48
			to life, not the right to education, there
		
01:03:48 --> 01:03:50
			are many, you know, testimonies, actually, if you
		
01:03:50 --> 01:03:53
			go on YouTube, now, you know, media has
		
01:03:53 --> 01:03:56
			really become something public, but you'll see, you
		
01:03:56 --> 01:03:59
			know, ex-IDF soldiers that talk about their
		
01:03:59 --> 01:04:03
			experiences and how violence has just become normalized,
		
01:04:03 --> 01:04:07
			you know, for the people in Palestine, so
		
01:04:07 --> 01:04:10
			you'll see many of those parallels, I think,
		
01:04:11 --> 01:04:12
			that are found.
		
01:04:14 --> 01:04:15
			JazakAllah khairan.
		
01:04:16 --> 01:04:19
			Okay, inshaAllah, jazakAllah khairan, yeah, we're dealing with
		
01:04:19 --> 01:04:24
			a very difficult situation, our du'as and
		
01:04:24 --> 01:04:27
			our prayers go out to Allah ﷻ on
		
01:04:27 --> 01:04:30
			behalf of those people, we ask Muslims, inshaAllah,
		
01:04:30 --> 01:04:32
			to do whatever it is that you can,
		
01:04:32 --> 01:04:35
			at minimum make du'a, and do whatever
		
01:04:35 --> 01:04:39
			you can within the law to try to
		
01:04:39 --> 01:04:41
			change the situation, or at least create some
		
01:04:41 --> 01:04:44
			sort of awareness, right now, unfortunately, the case
		
01:04:44 --> 01:04:47
			is that, you know, it seems like the
		
01:04:47 --> 01:04:49
			world is falling over each other to try
		
01:04:49 --> 01:04:53
			to aid and continue to ignite this fire
		
01:04:53 --> 01:04:57
			that's blazing there, everyone would put wood into
		
01:04:57 --> 01:04:58
			it, you know.
		
01:04:58 --> 01:04:59
			Yeah, just one thing to point out there,
		
01:05:00 --> 01:05:03
			like, we shouldn't kid ourselves that the entire
		
01:05:03 --> 01:05:05
			world is on the side of Israel, you'll
		
01:05:05 --> 01:05:07
			find some like higher-ups, you'll find some,
		
01:05:07 --> 01:05:11
			especially first world countries that are siding with
		
01:05:11 --> 01:05:12
			the colonizers, because obviously, you know, they were
		
01:05:12 --> 01:05:15
			colonizers once upon a time themselves, or still
		
01:05:15 --> 01:05:19
			are, but it's interesting, you'll find most third
		
01:05:19 --> 01:05:21
			world countries are siding with Palestine, right, you'll
		
01:05:21 --> 01:05:23
			see the president of South Africa, his testimony,
		
01:05:24 --> 01:05:26
			and many other countries that have been subjected
		
01:05:26 --> 01:05:28
			to colonization, that really sympathize with the people
		
01:05:28 --> 01:05:30
			of Palestine, and then when it comes to
		
01:05:30 --> 01:05:33
			the public, like literally every single country in
		
01:05:33 --> 01:05:36
			the world has, you know, crazy rallies and
		
01:05:36 --> 01:05:38
			protests that are taking place, so, you know,
		
01:05:38 --> 01:05:41
			I think, alhamdulillah, like more than ever before,
		
01:05:41 --> 01:05:43
			you know, people are not being fooled anymore,
		
01:05:43 --> 01:05:46
			right, even though obviously, you know, those in
		
01:05:46 --> 01:05:48
			positions of power, you'll see them, you know,
		
01:05:48 --> 01:05:50
			kind of blindly, you're right, like, you know,
		
01:05:50 --> 01:05:53
			they're kind of seeing, they're basically competing to
		
01:05:53 --> 01:05:56
			see who can support Israel more, but it's
		
01:05:56 --> 01:05:57
			not the same case with people, and I'm
		
01:05:57 --> 01:06:00
			not talking about just Muslims, I'm talking about
		
01:06:00 --> 01:06:02
			non-Muslims, I'm talking even about Jewish people.
		
01:06:02 --> 01:06:05
			Definitely, there's that awareness, and I think that
		
01:06:06 --> 01:06:08
			that has been overcome, especially with sort of
		
01:06:08 --> 01:06:12
			the, you know, before everyone got their source
		
01:06:12 --> 01:06:16
			of information, was very, like, you know, conventional
		
01:06:16 --> 01:06:18
			and controlled, and I guess with the social
		
01:06:18 --> 01:06:21
			media, there's a lot more voices, and people
		
01:06:21 --> 01:06:22
			are able to see a lot more, and
		
01:06:22 --> 01:06:24
			there's a lot more awareness, and this is
		
01:06:24 --> 01:06:25
			actually a testament to what you said, that
		
01:06:25 --> 01:06:29
			education creates a sort of awareness, and we
		
01:06:29 --> 01:06:30
			can see the effects of that, where people
		
01:06:30 --> 01:06:33
			are becoming aware, and people are moving, the
		
01:06:33 --> 01:06:36
			general, I think the general public, everyone knows
		
01:06:36 --> 01:06:38
			what's going on, what's happening, the higher ups
		
01:06:38 --> 01:06:40
			still seem to be in their fantasy land,
		
01:06:41 --> 01:06:43
			and edging on the sort of genocide that's
		
01:06:43 --> 01:06:44
			taking place.
		
01:06:45 --> 01:06:47
			We want peace in the whole region, we
		
01:06:47 --> 01:06:48
			want everyone to live in peace, we don't
		
01:06:48 --> 01:06:52
			want to see innocent people, regardless of their
		
01:06:52 --> 01:06:54
			race, or religion, or whatever it is, you
		
01:06:54 --> 01:06:57
			know, to be killed for absolutely no reason.
		
01:06:57 --> 01:06:59
			May Allah ﷻ bring peace, may Allah ﷻ
		
01:06:59 --> 01:07:03
			protect the innocent, may Allah ﷻ protect the
		
01:07:03 --> 01:07:06
			Muslims, may Allah ﷻ protect the Muslims in
		
01:07:06 --> 01:07:09
			Gaza, may Allah ﷻ give them istiqamah, may
		
01:07:09 --> 01:07:13
			Allah ﷻ give them nusrah, may Allah ﷻ
		
01:07:13 --> 01:07:15
			withhold the hand of the zalim, may Allah
		
01:07:15 --> 01:07:18
			ﷻ accept the shuhada, the martyrs, may Allah
		
01:07:18 --> 01:07:22
			ﷻ not let any sacrifices for the sake
		
01:07:22 --> 01:07:26
			of peace and their basically freedom and the
		
01:07:26 --> 01:07:29
			right to live, may Allah ﷻ not allow
		
01:07:29 --> 01:07:30
			any of that to go to waste, and
		
01:07:30 --> 01:07:32
			we pray for better days ahead, inshaAllah.
		
01:07:33 --> 01:07:35
			We say jazakallah khair to Mufti Tufail for
		
01:07:35 --> 01:07:40
			joining us for this program, inshaAllah we hope
		
01:07:40 --> 01:07:43
			to see everybody in our next podcast as
		
01:07:43 --> 01:07:46
			well, and just a reminder to like and
		
01:07:46 --> 01:07:50
			subscribe to the Project Ihyaa channel on YouTube
		
01:07:50 --> 01:07:53
			as well, and all other platforms that we
		
01:07:53 --> 01:07:55
			have, I'm not even sure how many we
		
01:07:55 --> 01:07:57
			have right now, but inshaAllah if you can
		
01:07:57 --> 01:08:01
			like, subscribe, it'll be beneficial, helpful, not only
		
01:08:01 --> 01:08:03
			for us inshaAllah, but the message will get
		
01:08:03 --> 01:08:06
			out, jazakallah khair, wasalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.