Suhaib Webb – Usul alFiqh Lesson TwentyNine The Cause of Ambiguity
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Welcome back to our explanations of explanation of.
Appreciate your guys' patience.
We reached now the section where the discussion
is going to be about the clarity or
ambiguity
of
a word. A word.
And
what the section is known is.
The The word almujmal is come it comes
from a word which means to be crowded.
So jumlah is a sentence because
there's a lot of things happening there. There's
a lot of words there. So here the
idea is that the meaning is crowded. In
that word, it's impossible for you to look
at the word by itself
and determine what the meaning is. You need
something to help you. You need something to
help you. Almost like, you know, like, if
you study Arabic grammar, like,
Right? So we say that an article, a
preposition needs another word for clarity.
Is what is it needs something else
to help clarify what it means.
Okay?
So that's al Mujimal. Of course, al Mu'Bayin
from Bayan,
the clarifier.
So the Mujmal is crowded. Opposite is Al
Mujmal
Allah haprited. So for example when Allah says
right? The woman
who's been divorced, she should wait.
What is mushtaak? You want to remember this.
Mushtaak is a word whose spelling is the
same, has one spelling but it has many
different meanings.
And here we say about this word actually
it's musharach
mutada, then its opposites because the word has
this meaning of al al taroo al hayd.
It could mean pure purity
or her menstrual cycle. Those are opposites.
That's Mushtaq. The same word qoro,
same spelling
has two different meanings.
Like the word ayn.
Ayn could be a person.
Ain could also be your eye. Ain could
be a stream.
This is Mushtarak.
So here we see, like, these possibilities
create this kind of crowded
feeling when it comes to the meaning, so
it's impossible for us when we read it,
like,
just written the word
to say it's this, it's this, it's this.
It needs another evidence.
It needs something else for clarification. And, of
course, the are gonna differ over that clarifier
based on their understanding, based on how they
see its strength, and so on and so
forth. It's application amongst the salaf
as an exam.
So that's called Al Mujmal.
Gonna talk about it.
Today.
So
Imam
Ild Hajib,
he says madam
who it what it signifies is not clear.
What the word means is not clear.
Al Amidi, Rahimullah, he says something nice.
He said,
who its its meaning cannot be understood
from its word.
And it needs something other than the self
to achieve the meaning its meaning. So he
says, try and remember what what does say.
He said, you know,
He said, you know what? It's
impossible for a person to understand just a
word
and that its intended meaning
needs,
right, needs something else to help that meaning
stand out. Very similar to sort of what
Imam Al Haramain said. And, of course, imam
ibn Hajib
keeps it very summarized.
But what you understand from it is that
what it means is not clear. It's crowded.
It's crowded. And what we're gonna talk about
now is, like, what are some of the
reasons for that being crowded?
Like, what causes
ijmel?
What causes something to be mujmel,
to be crowded in its meaning? What they
say ambiguous
in its meaning. I'm using the word crowded
to help you visualize it more.
The first shayikh he says
about Al Mujmal, he says
Now I'm not gonna make it too difficult
for you but basically what he's saying is
that in his explanation of the word aqat
that the Mujmal is what the mind has
to stop
on the words until something comes,
a right, to clarify the meaning,
And that could be found in the actual
text, the word like, you're looking at the
text next to it, the word after it,
whatever, or it could be found in another
text that's separate from it
or from the actions of Sayidina Muhammad, sallallahu
alaihi
wa sahabihi wasalam.
And there's more to this,
but we're gonna keep it simple. So what
we're talking about now is from the perspective
of Dalalatul al Faf,
What do the words mean with the Quran
and Sunnah? It's a very important section in
bigger books of.
Mamal Haramain kinda just moves towards seamlessly.
We're talking about now.
The meaning of the word from the perspective
of clarity or the lack there thereof of,
for example, ambiguity.
So the word is called.
What causes that? And this is a very
important section because we get to it.
How do you like, if you're in dawah,
right? If you're teaching people, if you're calling
people, if you're instructing people, if you're a
Mufti, if you're an imam, how do you
bring clarity to people? Do you have to
bring it immediately or can you build up
to clarity? Can there be wisdom in the?
I see something here.
So let's talk about some of the the
asbaab of Ijmal.
What are some of the reasons that this
happens?
So the first is
What does that mean when you have a
word which is
same spelling
but amongst its meanings there's many meanings.
So verse number 228.
Is is is crowded,
the meaning could be either purity
or
menstruation.
The second
so it's ambiguous.
This thing doesn't it's not,
but we don't know what kind you're talking
about from that one thing.
So for example when Sayida Musa says
you've been commanded. Allah has commanded you to
slaughter
what did they say?
They responded,
ask your Lord
to give
us. Here, if you pay attention, I'm trying
to do something without saying it to you
as I teach you this book
to show you that wasulafaq is in the
Quran.
If Allah bless me to live long enough,
I hope to write that actually in Arabic
The evidences of
from Quran.
People have already done this, alhamdulillah. So it's
not something novel, just something I would love
to
Ask your
to make it clear for us.
So they're asking to understand what
type of cow.
Means cow.
But what type of cow? The is 1.
Not like the is 2.
The of the reality of is it can
be hide, it can be the of
is how the and
the
What type is it?
Ask for us your lord
to clarify for us.
Khalas,
the next Mujmal
Majazat.
We already talked about Majaz,
but we did not give it his due
diligence. SubhanAllah.
Majaz is the coarse figurative.
So, for example, when Allahu
says
forbidden for you or dead animals.
Doesn't say what?
Hadamujmal.
So the ulama, although they all agree on
aqla,
everyone agrees on eating because that's what's clear.
That's what comes to the mind immediately.
For but they're gonna differ maybe maybe over
certain other components
because
of
that.
Right?
Your mothers have been forbidden for you. Nobody
can come and say this is. And here
we see the evidence and the and the
problem we find sometimes with some some very
passionate people, but ours their passion is a
problem. They said there's no there's no interpretation
in the Quran. Okay. Then interpret both of
these verses literally.
Your mothers are forbidden for you. If you
take that verse literally that
that means your mother is completely forbidden for
you.
So so
they may say, but from the sunnah yeah.
Because the sunnah is allowing us to make
the proper interpretation. And that's why we say
it's called.
You have to go back to an an
to
to interpret an
Pay attention to that.
So I don't want
to open up something for you very important.
Unfortunately, I know only a few people take
this kind of classes, but
it's very important, man.
So anyone that's engaged in the, in order
to interpret the, you have to go to
the.
So it's has to be
and always
is not mentioned.
There's a outside
of that makes it
What's the?
It's understood.
It's not mentioned.
So because it's not mentioned, scholars are gonna
differ over
That's why the will differ
about the reading of Al Fatihah in salah.
Because it could be the prayer is absolutely
not accepted, the prayer is not complete,
command the Sadat Al Hanafiya,
and so on and so forth. This is
majes.
You see if there's a few more?
I think that's enough. But another example is
kind of now is redundant, but it's important
for you to know is, like, the words
that have a Sharia meaning, and they have
a linguistic meaning like salah, like dua, like
siem.
Right? In in the early times, those were
Mujmal.
People still negotiating what that meant in that
time of the Sahaba
until the they were taught.
Then it became clear.
It's a lot actually more.
It's a very
profound
subject and section.
And I just want you to remember al
Mujmal is a text whose meanings are crowded.
There could be a number of reasons why.
I only mentioned a few of them for
you.
Number 1 is we said, Al Mushtalak.
Right? Same spelling,
different meanings.
Number 2,
we talked about majazet.
Majazet.
Different sort of applications of the figurative.
Another example I I didn't give it to
you is like, what does the pronoun pronoun
go to?
The one who the merge contract is in
his hand. Who's he? Is it the husband?
Is it the wali?
And then we gave Alfa the Sharia.
Right?
The the the the terms that have Sharia
meaning but also have a linguistic meaning.