Suhaib Webb – Usul alFiqh Lesson Nineteen The Comprehensives (parttwo)
AI: Summary ©
AI: Transcript ©
It's been a lot of time. I appreciate
you guys' patience. It's been a very difficult
year,
from my family across the board.
It's been incredible as far as health challenges,
you name it.
Allah is merciful, no complaints, but just so
you know what's going on. And and and
thank you for being a supporter of Swiss
and being patient with us. We reached out
with a section in the Warakat where we're
gonna move into something called, you'll learn later
on in larger text,
means a sifet,
but here specifically what it means is the
meaning of words, not necessarily
the word itself.
This is gonna become
more clear in the future, but just remember
that the is talking about
and the first one is
means something which is
general.
Right? It touches on so many things universal.
So, we're talking about a word for example,
Allah says in
the
Quran, all
people.
Indeed successful
are all
the believers.
So you can see the implication here is
that it is going to touch
on a like the umbrella believers and then
everything that falls under that me, you, every
believer from the beginning of time to the
end of time.
So that's aam,
and and I want you to remember this.
Those different like al muhinun,
you, me, all the different components of al
muhinun, the believers is called the Efrad.
The Efrad of this.
That's important,
especially for the future. So he says,
and he begins by defining it linguistically.
He doesn't define it according to its, discipline
or its field of study. He doesn't define
it in the context of,
and he's following Imam Asharazi and Aluma in
this. He says,
He says as for something
as for something general,
then it is what contains 2 or more
things. What is going to comprehensively
impact
2 or more things?
K?
Then he says,
as an example,
right? I showered, if you will.
I
comprehensively
gave
a
charity
to
Amr
and
So
means I gave them both comprehensively
a gift.
So that's 2.
And I gave to all people
If, you know, for the future, if we
wanna be really honest, Amam to Zayden wa
Amrabbil Alta is not Am according to usulufil,
it's Am according to the language.
And remember, imam Al Haramain now, he's introducing
this text for beginners.
He's trying to keep it simple.
Okay?
What does that mean?
Any
means car prayers of Islam.
Some the Islamic movements in the past talked
about shawwah i'tul Islam, the comprehensive nature of
Islam. So shawwah means comprehensive.
It encapsulates
all of the things that I'm talking about
that the object that are the objects of
my giving.
Now,
It's important also that we
we define,
and I have it here in front of
me according to its,
Sharia
definition.
This is the definition I believe of the
Imam Ibn
Hajib, it is Muqtas, which means here,
alafs.
It's very important when he says alaf because
as you're gonna learn in the future we
only take from the statements of the Messenger
of Allah
or from the Quran, not the actions of
the Messenger of Allah. So when the imam
Ibn Hajib says
here it's like used as a restrictor
in the had in the Tarif.
That is to
drown. So
is
that it drowns all of his efrad, right?
It submerges all of so me,
you
from the beginning of time to end of
time are all like, submerged, encapsulated
in this word.
Were the
you know.
So like if I said
the prayers
that will meet all of the Fard prayers,
all of the nawafil, all of them.
All
food.
All of the food.
Means am.
How how can you recognize something as am
is that you can make an exception of
it?
So
all of the food was
halal for bani Israel except
except
So that that that
in fact, Al Beidawi,
in Al Minhaj, he says
that the whole idea of the universal,
is is falling under
the ability to make an exception from it.
So let me model for you what I'm
saying. If I say
right except who
So I can take that universal and then
make exceptions from it.
So he said
It's a very important principle that,
you know,
the the the general,
universal
words
rest on the ability to make exceptions from
them. But if you say, like,
like, it's me.
So
this is important, this definition.
What does it mean?
It means in one word. So
all the believers.
Al Ummah, everyone that's a part of the
community of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
And so on and so forth. So
you get the idea now what am is.
That's important in firch because if something is
am that means its ruling is touching on
all of its efrad.
So that's why we say that am is
rare. It's very rare.
You know, it's very rare. But we'll we'll
get to that in the future, Inshallah. But
it's interesting, but it does occur. And, in
fact, you ought to remember this. This is
just FYI. It's not now where we are,
but it is actually not allowed.
The stronger opinion is that it is not
allowed to
claim something is
a a general or universal
until you do the retouch and you find
is there something that is restricting it.
Right? So think about, you know, it can't
be sloppy with it.
So be dafta talwahhidatin.
And the Ta'ari say, nay imam
ibn Khajib,
Rahimullah wa ta'ala. Maybe somebody ask what about
like tanwi you say rajulunkitabun
It's like kind of unknown.
So is that am? It's not it's not
am because when you say, for example, yepra
kiturbun,
read a book,
you mean a specific book. You just didn't
identify what it was.
So that's
not not not. Okay? Because eventually, if somebody
picks up any book,
that's the idea of what you intended, so
it's still specific.
Also, anything that is related to a number
10, 25, 6, whatever, that's not because they
get a number
is limited. It's not as
we'll talk about in the future. You wanna
pay attention to some of the things I'm
saying now? Just like put them here because
around the corner,
it's gonna come
And again, some people that were critical of
Imam Al Haramain in this, they said, why
did he say?
This is not aam. It's aam according to
the language,
not according to the science.
So Alhamdulillah, we introduce Naba first from the
Awarid al Umum Awara'am
and we know that that 'am'
means
whichever whatever encapsulates 2 or more things. That's
the linguistic meaning. And then we gave you
the, definition according to Sharia. We gave, I
believe, if I remember correctly, the definition of
Imam Abu Hajib and his
says
we and we gave a few examples and
next time we're going to talk about what
are
4 of the most kind of important
actors that make a word
carry the meaning of