Suhaib Webb – Usul al-Fiqh Lesson Forty Imam al-Harmains Waraqat- Abrogation – Part II

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته.

Welcome back to our explanation of ورقات.

We reach now the section on أنواع النسخ

في القرآن.

The types of abrogation in the Qur'an.

When you hear the word نو or أنواع,

it implies that it's under something called a

genus.

The genus is from الكلية الخامسة.

Inshallah, we'll learn about this more in the

future, but this kind of stuff is important

when reading the tradition.

أنواع, أقسام, الكل, الجزئية, all these kind of

words are related to a system, a pedagogical

logic that allows us to seamlessly understand, thematically

understand different subjects.

Very important actually.

He says أنواع, جمع التكسير, أنواع النسخ في

القرآن.

قال رحمه الله ويجوز النسخ الرسمي وبقاء الحكمي.

That it is allowed for the abrogation of

the wording while the ruling stays.

So meaning the wording of the Qur'an.

So the verse of the Qur'an is

gone.

The example they gave is stoning of the

adulterer.

Mentioned in the hadith of Sayyiduna Umar ibn

al-Khattab.

We used to read that verse, but still

they acted on it in his time.

Number two, ونسخ الحكمي بقاء الرسم.

The opposite.

So the ruling is gone and the wording

stays.

For example, the إدّة.

Allah ﷻ says, after عَضُّ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْطَانِ

الرَّجِيمِ وَاللَّذِينَ يُتَوَسَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجَ وَسِيَةً

لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ.

So this verse saying that the إدّة initially

was like a year, meaning the time a

woman mourns after the death of her husband.

This is abrogated.

The first verse is verse 240, by the

verse, وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَسَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجَ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ

بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَتَ عَشْرِ وَعَشْرًا.

Now the إدّة changes.

It's less than a year.

This verse is the ناسخ.

The first verse is the منسوخ.

But even though the حكم is منسوخ, the

تلاوة is still there.

So the first one we gave from the

Quran is the رسم is gone, the حكم

stays.

The second we gave is the رسم is

still there, the حكم is gone, replaced by

another حكم.

وَنَسْخُ الْأَمْرَيْنِ مَعًا.

The abrogation of the رسم and the حكم.

Based on a statement of Sayyidah Aisha related

by Imam Muslim رضي الله عنه, Sayyidah Aisha

she said what was sent in the Quran

initially was ten sucklings which we all know.

فَنُصِّفَ بِخَمْس.

And then it was removed, it was abrogated

by five.

معلومات.

We don't find those verses in the Quran.

We don't find those rulings practiced amongst the

Salaf.

So the verse and the ruling were abrogated.

Then it moves on to talk about the

divisions of نسخ to a نسخ that has

a replacement and a نسخ that doesn't have

a replacement.

The first one, the great example is praying

towards بيت المقدس.

May Allah free Palestine and bring victory to

the Muslim world and justice.

That's replaced, abrogated and replaced with what?

Praying towards Masjid al-Haram.

وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُ فَوَلُّوا جُوَهَكُمْ شَطَرًا.

The verse in Surah Baqarah, the very beginning

of the second verse, wherever you are now

face Masjid al-Haram.

So that's an exchange.

So he says وَيَلْقَصِمُوا النَّسْخُ إِلَىٰ بَدَرٍ وَإِلَىٰ

غَيْرِ بَدَرٍ.

So we did بَدَر, now غَيْرِ بَدَر.

From غَيْرِ المغضُوبِ, no بَدَر, no exchange.

The example he gives is from Surah Mujadila.

إِذَا نَاجَيْتُمُوا الرَّسُولَ فَقَدِّمُوا بَيْنِ يَدَيْنَ جَوَاكُمْ صَدَقًا.

Before you talk to the Messenger of Allah

ﷺ فَقَدِّمُوا بَيْنِ يَدَيْنَ جَوَاكُمْ صَدَقًا.

Before that happens, pay charity.

Some Ulama said فَقَدِّمُوا فِيَالْأَمْحِ يُفِيدُ الْغُجُوبِ.

Some Ulama said لا، هذا من باب الإرشاد،

باب الترغيب، فهو من باب الاستباحة.

So some Ulama said فَقَدِّمُوا is a command.

It means you have to give charity.

Others they said no, it's just like a

recommendation.

It's not an obligation.

The argument is that there's no بدل here

because أَشْفَقَتُمْ أَنْ تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنِ يَدَيْنَ جَوَاكُمْ صَدَقًا

فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا فَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةِ

وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةِ.

Later on, same chapter, Sultan Mujadila says like

it's difficult for you to give charity for

your conversations with the Messenger of Allah.

So therefore فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا فَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ

فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةِ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةِ.

There's a lot of discussion about this, right?

Because the Mu'tazilites, as well as Shaykh al

-Shanqiti.

They question this because they say an act

of worship should be replaced for something.

Because Allah says like nothing's going to be

abrogated except it's going to be abrogated with

what's better or similar.

So where is that here?

Where is that here?

Then he says also, نَصْق can be divided

into what is what's more difficult.

So it was easier became difficult.

An example he gives is like those people

who couldn't fast for some reason they had

the opportunity to choose between fasting or to

pay the fidya.

He says this was abrogated that they had

to fast.

They have to make up those days with

fasting.

A lot of discussion again about this.

Just doing it as an example.

The next وَإِلَىٰ مَا هُوَ أَخْفَ What's easier.

So first أَغْلَض now what's easier Allah says

وَإِن يَكُمْ مِنكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرٌ يَغْلِبُوا مِئَتَيْنَ Like

if there are 20 of you who are

resilient you will overcome 200.

This is abrogated فَإِن يَكُمْ مِنكُمْ مِئَةٌ صَابِرَةٌ

يَغْلِبُوا مِئَتَيْنَ And if there's 100 of you

then you'll overcome 200.

So it's made easier for the companions of

the Prophet ﷺ.

One important point there's two axioms that I

need you to remember that are relevant to

where we are today.

Number one is Whatever has been abrogated is

not allowed for you to use it now

as an evidence or a source of ruling.

Because the hukm is gone.

It's not It's not تطليق It's رفع الحكم

Number two is that there is no نسخ

after the death of the Prophet ﷺ وَهُوَ

حَيٌّ فِي قَبْرِهِ عَلَيْهِ سَلَاةُ السَّلَامُ Why?

Because الخطاب أدال على رفي الحكم الثابت بالخطاب

المتقدم عنه مَعَ وَجْهٍ لَوْ لَاهُ فَكَانَ ثَابِتًا

عَنْ تَأَخْرِهِ Right?

خطاب الخطاب خطاب means وحي قرآن سنة So

after the passing of Sayyidina Muhammad ﷺ there's

no rough تعلق حكم شرعي أبداً Next I'm

going to talk about the different sort of

ways that this happens بارك الله فيكم و

جزاك الله خير و السلام عليكم و رحمة

الله و بركاته