Suhaib Webb – AlKharida (Part One)
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That should work.
Almost there.
Yeah.
Okay.
So this is a a introductory
text is very important to
science of
Tawhid
written by a Sheikh Ahmed Adar, dear Rahim
Moholy.
The text is called.
Mhmm.
Mhmm.
So, like, if you find yourself lost
in the deep seas of the dunya
Yeah.
Mhmm. Back in
Damn it.
So the house of Sheikh Ahmed Dardir actually
is right in front of what's now known
as Masjid,
Sheikh Ahmed Dardir.
And he's buried in that Masjid,
Rahim.
And I heard, like, a lot of stories
about him from different teachers,
Egypt.
I heard this story from Sheikh Ahmed Taharian
that Sheikh
Ahmed Adardir.
He was young, and he was walking behind
the Masjid.
And
somebody
tried to, like,
take him.
He was young. He was coming from his
class.
Yeah. And he was going to class. Sorry.
Going to class. To the class of Sheikari,
Sa'id al Adawi.
Bani Bani Adi in Egypt
is known for
great scholars,
especially
Sadat and Manikia,
like exceptional scholars.
So he was on the way actually to
to the class. Sorry. I heard this story,
like, 17 years ago.
And
on the way, it was, like, nighttime. Somebody
tried to
take him,
and they they put him in a in
a in, like, in a, like, a restroom
area, if you will, of the home.
Yeah.
And then they he realized that the people
in the, like, the small area were doing,
like, facade. There was, like, evil happening in
this place.
Mhmm. And then he said and he was
dressed like, you know, like,
Yeah. So he was sitting in the washroom,
and he was saying to himself,
You Allah.
You Allah. You said in the Quran,
He was saying it in his mind. Right?
Yeah.
So he started making, like, Ibtihal.
Yeah. And then, subhanAllah,
he heard the people, like, you know, coming,
and he looked up, and he saw the
windows.
Yeah.
So he went out the window,
and then he went to the the class.
And when he came late, like, he he
never came late. Yeah.
Sheikh Rayan told me that Sheikh,
Ali Saidi Al Adawi, he said,
And he said to him, how did you
find the escape?
Yeah.
His name also is Abul Barakat
because he was known for having a lot
of karamat
A lot of came through him, a lot
of great students,
and he
he had, like, a very, very important impact,
and you can read about his life here.
Yeah. Like,
And this print actually is, like, really clean.
Yeah.
A poem that's written for the purpose of
instruction.
Right.
Mhmm.
This is different than.
Right.
Is, like,
to soften the hearts, impact someone's character, or
to entertain.
But anavam
or manzoma,
its purpose is to teach.
This this form of poetry actually is the
easiest form of poetry out of the 13
ways of writing poetry.
So here,
which is called.
Mhmm.
Mostafairun.
Mostafairun. Mostafairun.
Mostafairun.
If you look in books of that teach,
poetry, it's gonna be,
but nobody ever wrote it with Mustefero, Mustefero,
Mustefero.
It's always Mustefero, Mustefero, Mustefero.
So actually, I made a mistake
here.
Just to show you in the future, I
can teach you. Yeah.
But the best way to learn this is
to listen.
Mhmm.
Yeah.
Yeah.
This is called.
Actually,
I made, like, mistakes and stuff
for Allah. Gotta get my poetry back on
point.
Baharajas is called Himaru Shahara,
the donkey of poets, because you can use
it for anything.
So the reason also that this is important
is to make it easy for, like, people.
For example, is
hard.
Like
in
And also you don't stop when you read
it. I'm just stopping so you can hear
it. Yeah.
I, Ahmadul.
Mustaf.
Mustaf.
When we read together this, I'm gonna read
it to you with the so you'd like
this habituated over time. The same thing,
Rajes.
Yep.
In
But you wanna read it without stopping. The
only reason I'm stopping now
so you get the the feel of the
rhythm. Mhmm.
The halas, one thing we can learn from
this is, like, he is concerned about public
education.
Yeah. Making religious education accessible to the people.
What good is knowledge?
What good is a light if it never
turns on, man? Yeah. You know, just sitting
in a dark room. Yo. This is the
best light ever, bro. You gonna turn it
on now, man.
He's gonna talk about it.
So, you know, we have a responsibility.
So
this is, the poem at the beginning, and
actually this this, print has been, like, really
checked.
So, like, it's not hard. Yeah. It's actually
not that long,
of a poem. It's only 209,
actually, 206.
This is a mistake. After I said the
printing has been checked,
only 206
lines.
And in this book, he's gonna give you
the foundations of the majority of Sunnis' approach
towards theology.
The other thing that's really nice about Sheikh
Ahmed Dardir, Sheikh Ahmed Dardir is that he
explained his own text.
So it's like, nice. The guy who wrote
it explained it. So he's kinda like Al
Hariri and
He wrote
He
explained.
Yeah. Yeah.
So Khalas enters at
Insha'Allah.
So how it works in these texts is
at the top is the text usually,
and
at the bottom
is the Shar.
Yeah.
Khalas.
Mhmm.
So
not
just
because
a lot of this stuff you already learned
before,
and then we're gonna move on to the
the first part of the text. So let
me just read this part. We'll go through
it rather quickly.
Of course, he starts with Bismillah Rahm Al
Rahim, but he mentions a nice point here,
So
some
it says that the word ism is
It is derived from
means derived. Can you see the word? Yeah.
It's not it's
Yeah.
In Arabic grammar, you know, we have basically
2 major med habs,
and.
Yeah. Even
that you learned before, he was.
Yep.
That's why he says.
He doesn't say
is the terminology of the.
So it means to be high, to be
raised.
Because it raises someone from, like, obscurity. Your
name raises you.
Yeah.
For us,
This shall I can learn when you study
stuff. Then he says here,
No.
Assign. So the first
Mhmm. So here, it's, like, more like a
metaphorical meaning. It's not, like, figuratively, like, erased
him. It means, like, it it made you
known by that name.
They said
Well, one other point that's not here in
the text is, like, really important is
Like, for example, if you go to, the
Quran,
is.
Mhmm. You don't
say
You say
but you can't count 1.
Yeah. So this is like a form in
Arabic that people use sometimes called.
No.
No.
Rahmatil
Qadiri,
in the mercy of Al Qadir.
Mhmm. A
you could put, like, a colon here. Meaning,
Ahmadu
al Mashuru b Dardiri.
Yani, he became very famous, or his family
became known as Dardir. So it's, like, the
nickname given to his family. Yeah.
So, basically, he's introducing himself, because in the
Madikimel head,
if the writer is unknown,
it is not allowed to rely on the
text as being like.
Yeah.
Mhmm.
And also, like, for peer review, people can
get back to him. There can be, like,
a
proper,
you know, engagement amongst the scholars.
Of course, he uses one of the names
of Allah's,
because without Allah's help and assistance, he would
not be able to do this work. Yeah.
Right?
Which basically means that a person chooses to
recognize something because they recognize the awesomeness
in that thing.
Yes. Khalas.
Mhmm.
And the prophet
said Well, this lamb, we learned it in,
and he has the
And
the aliphinem in Alhamdia Sheikh is called
He put it here. He said
or
What does mean? To drown.
Right?
Means
all types of
Alhamdu, the transcendent, the
one, the
knower,
the unique, Al Ghanihi, the rich, Al Majidi,
the one that's worthy of magnification.
Khalas,
why is he mentioned all these names of
Allah Azzawajal?
This is called Bara'a with. Bara'a to
which means from Dalil.
That the
So what is he saying? And he's saying
that
the of
the Sharia,
right, the terminology of sharia,
that
that,
you know, comes from
the recognition and the awe of the giver
of blessings
because he's the giver of blessings.
And then here at the end, he says
regardless of whether it's something that you've said
or something that you believe
or
or some kind of good work you do
through Ibadah
or charity with your limbs,
No.
No.
No.
Then he
says,
for
This doesn't really make anything it's gonna be
hard for you right now, but this isn't
Tasrif.
He says, what does it mean? You mean
it's not physical?
So what he's saying here is actually something
interesting
that, you know, the term, Ari, of course,
doesn't mean, like, physically above. It means transcendence.
But, also, it implies that
it it affirms
that
Allah has no
beginning, has no ending,
is unlike all creation,
is one, is independent. Yeah.
So he's saying, like, just that one
word encapsulates
14 of the 20 attributes that we learned
about Allah.
Yeah.
You know, most of the time people in
English had translated it as, like, the majestic.
And then he says here what I just
told you.
The idea of what,
No.
And to mine?
Mhmm.
Mhmm.
Mhmm.
Like a knot. Yeah.
30 feet.
No.
No.
So
It's very small. It's very tiny. It's unassuming
in size.
Means size.
No.
It will be sufficient for you in knowledge
if you're looking for sufficiency.
Because it gives you, like, the best, the
cream of the of of the
of the of the subject.
Wallaha.
Here, Yeshiq. I didn't teach you about this.
This is
called.
Usually, it comes in the place of, like,
dua.
Okay? So
wallah
wallah
and
Bitcoin
and
So what I just said, right, the first
type of is
the that's coming the ruling that's coming from
the Sharia. Yeah. Tell us? Mhmm.
So can I buy a Bitcoin? Can I
can I,
you know, donate my organs? Can I all
that I need to refer to the sharia?
Yeah. The ruling is coming from the sharia.
The second is called.
What is
or meaning
what's half of a 100?
Yeah. Like, if I ask you what's half
of a 100, you don't have to say,
man, I need.
Yeah.
The third is called.
For
example, if you go outside and it's cold
and you have a T shirt on, what
are you gonna do? You're gonna grab a
coat.
Mhmm.
He doesn't mean
like.
Yeah. What he means here is that the
mind
concludes that something exists
or doesn't exist.
Yeah. It has to exist.
This is called.
For example, you and I are together having
this class.
Would
you? Yeah.
Earlier today, when,
but if I said to you now that
there is a pink
dragon with us teaching this class,
Yeah.
So that's called
or what he says here.
No.
No.
No.
Why would he start with this?
The book is talking about God.
Mhmm.
The book is talking about faith.
Yeah. The book is talking about the unseen.
Mhmm. So here we see,
like,
this notion that
scholars are stupid
and, you know,
anti intellectual,
and they just wanted to force religion down
people's throats.
Why is then he talking about this?
Maybe to to Not about you.
Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Hello? How do you then
how do you yep. Yeah.
Okay.
Right? And
this is you know, he he he died,
like, 5 or 6 years, I believe, before
the French invasion of Egypt, which really
destroyed Egypt in many ways,
as far as Al Azhar.
But,
like,
it's not as simple as people think it
is. Like, just believe and you're fine. Right?
There is a complexity to these things,
which
can be useful in certain circumstances. Not all
circumstances. Right? But in certain circumstances.
Then he says
then then.
Mhmm.
Understand this in a way that they grant
you, like,
you get the the taste
and the beauty and delight of this understanding.
It's very nice.
Is Yani.
Is.
Is.
Like, for example,
you know,
Imam Khaled is gonna join us today in
our class.
No. Maybe.
That's that's.
Maybe or may not. Yeah. I'm I'm doing
this sorry. Sorry. I'm doing this as, like,
as
a.
Oh, that's it. Right? Maybe maybe not. Maybe.
Sorry.
Then he
says,
The first obligation,
not.
Not.
And and,
of course, takes precedence over the other 2.
No. Yeah. Alright?
So he says,
It's first obligation
according to Sharia, upon
who's the mokhalaf, your sheikh? The mokhalaf is
the person who is Baliq
mental
and physical maturation and maturity.
So this is the mokalaf,
and the third condition of the mokalaf
is buluha dua. Like, the dua has reached
them.
Mhmm. Allah says
So what's the first obligation, ma'am?
Is to know Allah's.
But according to the Sharia,
not according to my mind or what people
say.
So he says.
So then the president is gonna ask, then
what does the Sharia teach me about what
I have to believe about God?
Yeah.
Khalas?
And and and, you know, the the the
real meaning is.
Yeah. But because the poem, he has to
say it like this.
This means.
Mhmm.
For us,
He says
He
says
Well, I guess what that means, Kevin, also
is that the yeah. I mean, there's a,
an intellectual,
exercise here that you have it needs to
make sense.
So it's like,
here it is what it is,
sharrei,
or this is the sharia based understanding, but
then what what comes after that needs to
make sense logically.
So right? That's gonna come soon. That's gonna
come later. But right now, he centers everything
around. So after he talks about the mind,
he suddenly he takes a left turn and
goes to the Sharia.
Yeah. But he's gonna go back to the
mind later
and say, it doesn't necessarily have to make
sense to the mind. Yeah. Right? Because there
are certain things we do that don't make
sense.
Like, why do we start prayer standing instead
of in? Right? There's no real
mental,
way to
justify it. Right? So there is a component
of submission.
Right?
But when we think about God,
not only are they going to provide,
religious text, Alhudja,
but they're also gonna bring,
or Barahim, also going to bring
logical arguments as we'll see. Okay. Alas
Yeah. Trying to align them,
but there are times where, you know, the
Quran just says do this, man.
Then he says,
because maybe somebody asked, what is?
Like, what does that mean?
What does mean?
So
he
says
a
meaning.
No.
The the intellect is like the tail that
follows.
And there's, like, some kind of intellectual investment,
intellectual
discussion.
There are 3 opinions on this issue.
Number 1 is that the iman of a
Mokkaled
is not accepted.
Yani, I believe in the prophet because you
believe in the prophet, but I don't know
why. What does what does
means?
That
I follow
the opinion of a person, a scholar,
without knowing the reason.
Yeah.
Is allowed in
as long as it's a scholar. Yeah. In
fact, that's what that's what the masses are
commanded to do.
Now everyone wants to be a scholar. That's
the problem, but everybody has to study that
level. Yeah. So that's why taqleid of the
scholar is very important.
In issues of.
You can ask different scholars, but you have
to ask scholars.
Now it's like taqid of anybody.
Yeah.
But in aqidah, the
opposite.
No.
Actually, the strongest opinion is that in certain
issues,
taqleed is not allowed.
Like, for example, believing in God.
Yeah. Like, I don't believe in God because
you do.
Like, I I have to learn I have
to learn from myself.
What it's okay. You can come in.
I have to learn hold on. My my
wife needs some time. One second. No worries.
Awesome.
And and and and the third opinion is
that,
of course, people have to make tuck lead
in certain issues that require scholarship. Right? It's
like normal.
Yeah.
But then there are secondary,
foundational issues of belief, like, generally to believe
in God.
Not all the specific little details that we're
gonna learn in this book. Right? To generally
believe in God, to generally believe in the
angels, to generally believe in prophets.
Mhmm.
Differences
of, like, certain issues are are you know,
can the dead people hear in the grave,
are the prophets free of minor sins or
not? These kind of things, people, they have
to ask scholars.
Yeah.
Yeah.
So there's two points to that you need
to remember if you're serving the community.
Number 1 is there's 3 opinions on this
issue.
Right? But the strong opinion is the last
opinion.
Yeah. The first opinion is even doubtful who
said it, so halal,
And then the other thing is that what
people are commanded to believe
are what's called
And you
Yeah. That's it. You don't have to ask
them, like, what is it? What do you
mean by this?
That's why, SubhanAllah, when people would accept Islam
around the prophet, sallallahu alaihi wasalam,
Yeah. So this is sometimes a problem with
people. They come to the Masjid. They like,
I wanna be a Muslim. You can ask
them. We should ask, like, what do you
know about Islam?
And they say, you know, I know Allah
is 1. Mohammed is the final prophet.
Impossible for us to believe that God is
God is more than 1.
No.
The first obligations to know Allah. That's why
it's called.
That's why, you know, when you hear these
people say, like, Muslims, they're anti intellectual. Well,
it man, the science of our theology is
the science of talking.
Yeah.
Yeah.
And in in the beginning of my explanation
of, of, is
still not finished.
Have an entire chapter about
some of the issues of postmodernity.
Like, you know, postmodernity
says, you know, people created God
so they could, like, manage their affairs. It
gave people a sense of meaning, gave people
a sense of purpose, gave people a sense
of grammar
in a chaotic world.
But,
well,
he talks about this. I I quote him
a lot also. Like, you know, people, like,
I I I I feel God's presence. You
know?
Like, who the heck are you? Like, in
the sense of, like, to define who God
is.
You know, I feel like God is this.
Yeah. Not how I feel, what I saw
in a dream,
This way of teaching,
Sheikh Al Ibrahim
Mhmm. Is, of course,
Let's teach theology
this way. Right?
You find some people,
some of the more marginalized groups within Sunni
history,
they said, like,
Like, you understand.
But the majority of scholars,
this is how they taught about God. Yeah.
Khalas? Mhmm. We don't need to do that
to
vilify the other people or attack them.
Yeah. Lacking, it's good to know, like, what
the majority,
like, was doing so we can think about
it in different ways. Okay? And as you
see later on, we're gonna do some
exercises where we apply
some of these ideas to, like, contemporary things,
contemporary challenges. And then you're gonna see, wow.
Like, these 20 names, they really come in
handy.
These 20 ideas really help
frame,
like, discussions with people. And
also the the the the division of
and
unfortunately,
has been hijacked
over the last
few centuries,
but specifically by certain groups within the Muslim
community
to justify
actually killing Muslims, man.
Yeah.
Go ahead,
Mhmm.
For him?
You understand?
Yeah. I think I'm wrapping my head around
that, Yashat. Can you say This is. Yeah.
Yeah. I'm with you. Don't worry. I'm here
to help you. Don't don't worry. Ask me
to slow down
to explain something. No problem.
The first obligation, like obligation is
that the mind does not accept is
the
the absence of something,
in relationship to Allah.
Khalas. For example, I have to believe Allah
is 1. I cannot
accept that he's not 1.
No.
No.
Mhmm.
And
the impossible,
improbable
is everything which the mind cannot accept in
relationship to Allah's existence of.
No.
Nice. You're really in nice YouTube. Hey. Yani,
another way to understand.
No.
Adam. Well
well,
it's a good man
I could be rich. I could be poor.
I could be tall. I could be short.
I could be happy. I could be sad.
I could go to this school, go to
that school, work here, work there. Doesn't matter.
No.
Why why does he do this after talking
about
is as if to say,
you know,
now let's define what's not God.
So that's that's why suddenly you see this
shift. He says,
You read it nicely. Not alima alima. One
tells you a shift. Most of the time
people go to me, alima. I'm like, no.
No.
So
Mhmm. Sheikh.
We say about something
Arabic.
No.
This is very important. He doesn't talk about
it too much in this deck. This is
just basic introduction, man.
50 years ago, somebody could've came to my
grandfather and said, you know, one day you're
gonna have a grandson.
No.
From these these lines, also, there's a lot
of, man.
There's a lot of pulling away from
The proof of this, people are so arrogant.
If you ask them. You don't think you
don't think anyone created your actions? Oh, man.
I'm the director of my own ship. Okay?
What it what what's the next big item
on your agenda? Oh, man.
You know, I bought this Bitcoin.
And once I cash out on this Bitcoin,
I'm gonna put it into my startup.
Then I build this new app. I have
this amazing app called Happy App. Then once
that blows up, I'm gonna sell it to
Google. I'm gonna retire and live in Palo
Alto. Right? Nice.
You could ask them,
are you a 100% sure
that what you want can happen?
So that proves you you didn't create it.
Yeah.
You don't even have control of it. Yeah.
Yeah.
Quran says, I created you and what you
do.
So that is a proof.
I don't even know what I'm gonna do
next if it's gonna be executed correctly. Even
though I'm the one I could not tell
anyone in the world about my plan, and
I try to do it, and it doesn't
work that way I want it.
That's reminding me that you are not Padir.
You are Mustaqir.
Mhmm. Hadith.
What does it mean hadith?
Also,
this is the foundation of Islamic Liberation Theology.
When we understand
that everything around us is hadith moftaqr, then
we have to look after the rights of
each other, and we have to work together
for a better world because we all our
nature is Iftiqa.
Allahu Akbar.
Yeah.
This this line actually is very strong,
You can tell someone. Okay.
If you really think
that
there's no creator,
stop creation.
Stop it. Make everything stop. You can't even
stop it.
Then he says as we finish,
he says,
and you're gonna read this part by yourself
so we can see how much you understand.
Some of it, when he gets up in,
like, some of the linguistic analysis, just you
can move forward. Because sometimes it's gonna be
hard for you.
You learned this before.
What does it mean?
It's existence
after it didn't exist.
That's.
No. I I I came into existence, and
I had it. Yeah. I'm temporary. The word
had it to do with it. Think about
it. Something's temporary.
Yeah.
What's the opposite of had it?
It's. Mhmm.
So if we think about ourselves and if
we're humble enough to look at our own
deficiencies,
then we can understand
the true transcendent
qualities of our lives of a gem. That's
why he says,
who do through who? Would you do who?
Adam?
No.
What did do who? Who Al Muslim?
He's saying that it's it's Huduth means that
it existed after it didn't exist.
So there was a time the Quran says
when you weren't even mentioned.
So
and the opposite of it,
is
called Al Qidam.
Yeah. I like what he's doing here, which
is that,
Kulusein,
that
famous Arabs.
So just showing contrast and finding that everything
fits in contrast.
Now.
Mhmm. With more corona.
No. Yeah.
Anything else?
No.
Yeah. But
not that be.
The way he presents it now is very
different than what you learned in the essentials
of Islamic faith or even in
Mhmm. If you look around you, everything is
being influenced by something. Something. Who I like
to tell people now this younger generation. Who's
the real influencer?
Like, now you're layering it. The first, you
want people just to know what are the
20 obligations.
Mhmm. You want people to know that, but
then how do you unpack it?
So what he's starting to do is to
unpack in ways that you haven't seen before.
He starts to layer it. Right? And that's
what each text will do. Right? It will
slowly layer
discussion. So then by the end, you know,
you start to make your own synthesis.
You start to
respond to problems around you in your own
way.
And then I'll review what we did today,
and then we'll start back where at this
page,
Yeah. And you need to read this because
I'm gonna ask you. Okay. And to
Not everything. Just a little bit like here.
Yeah. They're not gonna be like, give me
a a long explanation. Just explain to me
what this means. Explain to me what this
means.