Mustafa Abu Rayyan – 21 Tafseer Surah alBaqarah Verses 118121
AI: Summary ©
The speaker discusses the importance of following the Bible and following the holy spirit in obtaining promises and evidence. They emphasize the need for more evidence and the importance of following the user's Torah. The similarities between Allah's actions and those of the people who reject prophets are discussed, as well as the importance of knowing and not asking for information to avoid confusion. The speaker is held accountable for delivering the message and being held accountable, but emphasizes the need for delivery and understanding of the message to avoid confusion.
AI: Summary ©
This is a continuation of our weekly tafsir
class where we are going through Surah Al
Baqarah.
And we stopped last week at verse 118.
Verse
118.
And, we were coming towards the end of
the rissah of the yahud or the Banu
Israel.
A very large portion of this surah is
dedicated to discussing the Banu Israel and we're
coming towards the end of it.
And,
there were many lessons that can be learned
from this ikhwanifila.
We have mentioned that the reason why Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala spoke about the genocide for
that much
is because among the benefits of Surat Al
Baqarah
which was revealed in Madinah. Surat Surah Al
Baqarah which is revealed in Madinah is that
the prophet came into contact with the yahud.
So now he's being taught about the yahud.
Number 1. Number 2, it's because
this whole surah,
it teaches us about
the importance of following the deen.
And those who followed versus those who didn't.
And Allah will teach us about great men
and
prophets that follow the deen and had itiba'ah,
and how Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala rewarded them.
Similarly, Allah will speak us about individuals
that didn't follow and how they were punished.
And similarly, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala because the
Quran is speaking to a nation. The Umma
from Muhammad salallahu alaihi wasallam.
And we are being told
don't fail like an Umma before you has
failed.
Don't do what they have done. So here
is a list of some of the mistakes
they fell into so that you don't fall
into those same mistake.
And the mistake of Banu Israel
can be summarized in Qaulu Ta'ala
and this is why Surat Al Baqarah is
named after the story of the Baqarah.
The story of the Baqarah that we mentioned,
it summarizes
for you
and this is why it's named Surat Al
Baqarah.
That story is so essential to
the psychology
of the Bani Israel as it relates to
their prophet.
When he told them something,
they questioned
it. And he said to
them,
do what you are being told.
They didn't
and they didn't obey
and they didn't listen.
And when they are told,
say
we hear but we disobey.
When they are told to believe, they say,
we don't believe. They challenge, they question, they
doubt it.
This is the Ummah of an Israel. Oh,
Ummah from Muhammad, don't be like this.
And after we have been told about this
Ummah
and everything that has transpired
and even subhanAllah within the the qasas that
we've read over the past few weeks.
At one point Allah reminds us not all
of Israel were bad and they had some
good in them as well because you're hearing
so many negative things about them. We did
an all bad. No. Allah says in
the
That yes among them were believers and among
them from the yahoo, those who believed and
had righteous actions, they will have no fear
and they will not grieve. Why? Because they
are from Uhurjana and from the followers of
Prophet Musa. And Umu Minwad Allah in the
beginning.
So Allah mentions that he preferred or Allah
mentioned that he gave virtue and fadl to
the bani Israel
but they didn't when Allah
bestows on Ummah with virtue and blesses them
and sends them prophets. Their reaction should be
a reaction of gratitude
and how are you grateful in your heart
recognizing Allah has blessed you by your speech
saying the right thing and with your actions
doing the right thing.
Al Muhim, we're coming towards the end of
the orchestra.
And
the prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam
before he dealt with the yahood, meaning before
he came into contact with them, which group
of people was he mainly interacting with?
The Quraysh.
And here Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is drawing
parallels
between all these believers.
All those who reject prophets,
and how similar they are in what they
say, and in in in what they deny,
and in how they act.
Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala already showed us the similarity
of the and the when Allah said, first
of all,
So they're similar in the fact that they
both,
deny each other. They are similar in the
fact that they both believe they're the only
people that will enter Jannah.
So there were many similarities
and and the biggest similarity they had is
their rejection of the prophet Muhammad
and their rejection of the prophets that came
before. And Allah proves in the Quran that
even their claim that they follow the Torah
was false.
And this is why Allah asked them the
question when they said, Muhammad we're not gonna
follow your Quran because we have our own
Torah. Allah said if that's the case
If you are followers of the Torah and
followers of the prophets of of Bani Israel
then why did you try and kill them?
So this shows you that they were lying
about their belief in even the Torah and
the injid.
Allah said, and those who have no knowledge
say
Those who have no knowledge have said.
They they wonder who this they they discuss
who these people are. Who are
Who is Allah referring to as those who
have no knowledge?
Those who have no knowledge said, who are
they?
There are
a few
but the one that fits the context the
most is and also fits fits the the
reality the most is that it's being referred
to the Arabs
of Raish in Makkah.
They are the ones that had no knowledge.
Why? Because there was no previous book given
to them. There was no previous book given
to them as opposed to who? To the
and the Nasara.
So
and those who don't know, those who have
no knowledge,
the of Quraysh,
they said,
Why does Allah speak to us face to
face?
If O Muhammad,
what you're saying is the truth,
why does Allah speak to
Or why doesn't a sign come to us?
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says,
Just like that,
the the people that came before them
say that same statement.
When prophet Musa came to,
the Ben Israel, they said,
show us Allah
with our own eyes.
This is after they saw the sea split.
This is after they saw the sea split.
After they were saved from Firaun, after they
have seen these nine signs that we've spoken
about. And all of the ayat, that this
ayat of Musa, they've seen all of that.
If there was ever anyone that should believe
because they have seen all of the signs,
it was the balayas.
Yet what did they say?
No, we need more.
So, it's nothing new.
It's nothing new
And the trend always was a messenger would
come, they wouldn't believe, they would ask for
signs, they would be given signs, they would
say it's magic.
Because they don't wanna believe.
Allah
speaking about those types of people said,
If every sign came to them, they wouldn't
believe. Quraysh was no different. They were saying,
why does the Allah speak to us face
to face?
Or a sign.
Why does that sign come to us?
Did the sign not come to them?
Did the Quran not come to them? The
Quran is the and the miracle of our
messenger Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wa sallam.
The prophet spoke about the past. The prophet
spoke about the future. The Quran is the
miracle.
And they realized that.
They knew because they knew that it was
something they themselves couldn't reproduce.
But that being said, is that the only
miracle they were given? Absolutely not.
They asked for a sign.
The prophet
showed them the moon splitting.
When they saw the moon split, what did
they say? They said it's.
And they challenged the prophet and they said
The first thing they said was, first they
said okay, the moon will believe
you. There's more spirit with the permission of
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. Then they said, you
you,
put magic on our eyes.
And then they was like, okay. If that's
the case, then the people, the travelers, the
people outside,
they wouldn't be able to to the sikhir
is did they reach them as well? When
travelers came they said, we saw something we
haven't seen before. We saw them who split.
And then they said,
he indeed came with a great sikhir. They
didn't want to believe. And among the signs
that they didn't want to believe is what
they said to the prophet
They said, we won't believe you until we
see a river gushing forth, a spring. You
want us to believe in Muhammad?
Make a spring of water gush forth from
the earth.
Oh,
what did he say?
If we want you to if you want
us to believe you, let the heavens fall
on us in pieces.
Please
or ascend to the heavens.
We won't believe you even if you
Until you come down with a book that
we can actually read.
What did the prophet say? All these requests.
Convhan Allah. What are all these things that
you're asking me?
I am just but a man
sent by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. But that
being said even when they were given the
signs,
they
didn't
believe.
Their hearts,
how similar are they? Or their hearts
are so similar.
They're similar in their denial,
in their kufr, in their hypocrisy, in their
hatred,
in their rejection.
Very similar.
The only what's being said to you or
Muhammad has been said to the messengers that
came before you. And Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
describing the disbelievers generation after generation from all
the different prophets.
How similar the were, how similar the disbelievers
Allah
said
They are so similar in the way they
reject, in the claims they make.
Did they advise, did they request one another
to continue this?
Rather they are a that is transgressing.
So this is the of the believers. And
you have to understand the similarity.
Human nature,
shaitan,
the nafs,
those things are constant.
And the claims that are made against the
messengers is always the same. That which was
set against Ibrahim was set against Musa, was
set against Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wasallam will be
set against the people that follow them as
well. How often do you find today people
that are saying, the only way I can
believe in God is if I see God
myself?
Exactly
We have clarified the signs.
It's clear.
The true believers, Allah said,
We will show them our signs in the
far horizons and within themselves.
Within your own selves, do you not see?
Everything that we see
is an
a
proof of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala and his
Yet when these people were given the opportunity
to actually see the miracles,
and when they say
they request us from the prophet.
Musa, like the staff of Moses.
But Musa actually had the staff and the
still
said
show us allah.
Right?
Like the she camel of Salih. And what
happened? They also
disbelieved. So
here you learn
that iman,
true iman is not contingent
on miracles.
It's about the truthfulness
of the message. And
our natural disposition
and the haqq,
they always connect.
They always connect.
The prophet comes to Abu Bakr, explains to
them iman, immediately he believes. But if your
fitra,
if your natural fitrah is corrupted,
if your love for this world is something
that has corrupted you or your love for
idolatry has corrupted you, then you won't take
the Haqq. You won't take the Haqq. May
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala protect us. So here
we learn the similarity between Quraysh and the
Bani
Israel and those who have no knowledge and
who are those? Quraish.
They said
In another verse they said
If sent upon us angels or show us
our
And so what was Allah's reply when he
said,
Allah said,
indeed
there is great
in them.
Is arrogance.
How arrogant are you to request something like
that?
Then Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says,
and we have made clear the signs
to those who believe with certainty.
May Allah grant us sincerity in our heart,
Yaqeen
is something we all must have. Certainty.
So part of our belief in Allah
and part of our understanding of tawhid and
the scholars they add this to shurut at
tawhid. Among the conditions of
tawhid is.
Indeed the believers are
those who believed in
and his messenger
and then they did not have any doubt.
There is no doubt in it. This is
what belief means. You must have certainty. You
must have certainty.
To a people that have certainty.
Now Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is reassuring the
prophet. The prophet is dealing with the rejection
of Quraysh.
And that that really hurt the prophet
because he wanted good for them. Everything that
he could, he did. Everything that he could
say, he said.
But they still rejected, they still disbelieved.
Allah says,
Why is Allah telling the prophet
about
the similar incident that happened to prophet Musa
for example?
Why? Allah says among the reasons why we
tell you these stories
is
so that we can give firmness to your
heart. Right? So that you can find comfort.
You're not the only one.
This is the way of the messengers.
In fact, prophet Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wa sallam,
compared to some other prophets had it very
good.
He had Abu Bakr next to him, and
Umar, and Abu Huraira, and Aisha, and Khadija.
And he had great companions that loved him.
Compare that to some of the that Allah
speaks about. Some of the prophets that will
come on the day of judgement.
A prophet, all he managed to convince to
Islam are.
The scholars say is a number
between 39.
And a prophet with him only 2 people.
And a prophet with with that managed to
only call to iman, one person.
And a prophet that no one believed.
So the prophet
these stories were a
source
of comfort for him as well.
This is why sometimes he used to say,
may Allah have mercy on Musa. He was
harmed more than me.
Taib. Allah says, oh Muhammad,
they are asking you these things. Show us
Allah, bring us these signs,
gushing rivers,
turn the mount of Safa to gold.
Do this, do that. Allah said, don't worry
about that.
They deny you, don't worry about that.
Indeed we have sent you with the truth.
Allah
said verily, we, oh oh Mohammed have sent
you
with the truth.
While you are someone that brings tiding.
And This is the function of the prophet
This is the functions of the prophets.
They came, glad tidings for those who follow
the Haqq,
a warning for those who refuse.
Galah tiding for those who believe,
a warning for those who disbelieve. And
Allah mentions the basharah first, The glad tidings
first and the
next because
there is more.
Come and believe.
Not only does this deen save your hereafter,
it also saves your duniya. It also gives
you structure in this life. It also protects
you from the harms in this world.
Right? So
can you imagine if people accepted Islam today?
If the whole world accepted Islam today and
not only accepted Islam, applied Islam correctly today?
People wouldn't drink. Meaning what? There will not
be any drunk drivers and people wouldn't die
like that. People wouldn't overdose in drugs. People
won't be killing each other discriminately. People won't
be stealing. If they apply Islam correctly, right,
the poor will be taken care of.
The the deen ensures that the rich don't
just get riches and the poor keeps getting
poorer. Right? In fact, the opposite. The rich
must give to the poor. In zakat, in
sadaqa.
If Islam was applied, so much khair would
happen. Islam protects the aqal. You can't use
muhaddarat or drugs. Islam protects the health of
the person which is why it promotes medicine.
Islam protects
the livelihood of the people. Islam doesn't put
people into economic,
oppression and injustice which is why Riba is
not allowed. How many countries are in so
many debts they can't develop properly?
How many people are in so much debt
that they kill themselves?
This wouldn't happen.
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala if the deen is
followed,
then your and
your both become
A messenger that recites
purified pages. What's in these pages?
In it are commandments that are upright.
Good.
Right? Good upright commandments that will
sort out this world for the creator of
this world knows what's best for us and
even
keep
us Muslims.
So the prophet is being told in.
Oh, Muhammad.
They have refused to to follow you. They
are challenging you and asking you to to
bring forth these signs. Although you have brought
some and they refused,
remember we have sent you as a bashir,
as a person with glad tidings and a
nadeer. What does naveer mean?
A? A warner.
Then Allah said to prophet Muhammad sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam,
and you will not be asked, oh Muhammad,
about the people of the hellfire,
the blazing hellfire. You will not be asked
about the people of Jaheem.
So don't worry about that.
Oh Mohammed, those who deny you don't worry
about them. Right? You will not be questioned
or asked or held accountable
for their disbelief.
And another
and don't
ask us about.
Right? Don't ask Allah said don't ask us
about Ashaib al Jahim.
And there are some that
mentioned that this is referring to the prophet
asking Allah as it relates to his own
parents.
But that those
the that this verse is referring to the
prophet asking about his own parents and then
Allah is saying don't ask me about Sahib
al Jihim. Those
those.
The issue of
the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam's parents in
general, his mother Amina Bintuha and his father
Abdullah.
Where did they end up? This is a
point of discussion among scholars
and the best thing to say is,
this is something that we we we need
to
not indulge in and refrain from.
Not indulge in and refrain from. Finding out
where they ended up, how much is that
gonna add to your life.
Right? So,
dwelling deep into this discussion
and is this is there is no need
for it.
This is knowledge. It doesn't gain you anything.
Right? That being said
to to to Judaism, to say most definitely,
the
the parrot of the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam often blow the fire. Some scholars have
said that this this is,
you can't make
a verdict like that
because of the ambiguous nature
of
the hadith that are in it. Although the
hadith, some of them are sahih, they are
Muslim.
Like when a man came to the prophet
salallahu alaihi wa sallam and asked him where
is my father?
And then the the
reply of the prophet was, he's in the
hellfire. And the man walked away and the
prophet called him back and said, indeed my
father and your father in the hellfire. Now
one would assume that it's quite clear that
the prophet said that my father is in
the hellfire but in the Arabic language the
word ab sometimes is used for the uncle.
And wasn't there an uncle that was very
there so the prophet salaw alaihi wa sallam
that went to the hellfire? Abu
Abu Talib. Right? And this is a way
that the scholars have explained this and you'll
find it in the Quran. Uncles being referred
as fathers is mentioned in the Quran. Right.
What Tabat'Midlata
Aba'i,
Ibrahim, w Ishaqa, w Ismail. Ismail wasn't
a father to Yusuf. He was an uncle.
So this verdict
some scholars said it's not clear. That being
said also,
what is the general rule?
The powers of the prophet came before him.
Right?
So did
they did they grow up knowing prophet Muhammad
sallallahu alaihi wasallam as a messenger?
No. So then the question that scholars have
asked is, so
what message did they receive?
That they have rejected?
Then thus they have they are deserving of
the hellfire.
And the
and the Quran mentions
Allah said we send you to a people.
A people whose,
forefathers have never received a.
Right?
So
these people never received someone
for them then to deny. Right?
In Surat Yaseen.
So the evidence is to suggest that they
are ahlufatara.
It's quite strong and is in the Quran.
Ahlufatara means
we have people that received a message and
then they are either accepted or rejected. And
then you have what's ontaqahlufatrahahlufatrah
are those that were born in between prophets,
for example. And they didn't receive a message,
what happens to them? They will be judged
by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala and they will
be questioned by Allah in in in the
day of judgement. They will go through a
trial
that that will result in where they wherever
they're going to end up. This is what
you believe about Ahlul Fattara. Are the parents
of the prophets from Ahl al Fatra?
Or are they from the people of the
fire?
When you look at all other evidences it's
not very clear cut.
And because of this, the ulama's advice is
you have some ulama that's that mentioned they
bring a hadith that are extremely weak. That
they were brought back out to life,
presented to the prophet, became believers and went
back.
Those are very weak. Although, he
really tries and and do that. And some
they
say no no no no these hadiths are
clear cut and they will refer to this
I as well
But that also isn't completely right. So what
is our approach? What do we say? We
say we do not know and we do
not need to know. Does that make sense?
We do not know and we do not
need to know. Right? And the that we
need to know is the that is directly
related to us. Who is Allah? What is
tuhid? How do we pray? This is the
knowledge that benefits us. Does that make sense?
So
wala tus al is one riwa, 1 kira'ah.
Is another quira, but when Allah
says and do not ask about the people
of Jaheim,
then,
that means generally don't ask about them. Well
at Tusal you will not be questioned on
Mohammed so don't feel that you need to
be that you're being held accountable. You have
delivered the message. Your job is to deliver
the message.
One more time.
Oh Muhammad, he has sent you with the
truth.
As a person that brings what?
And you will not be asked about
about the people of jayhim, may Allah protect
us from it. Then Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
said,
Allah says,
O Muhammad,
the yahood and the we will not be
pleased with you
nor will the Christians be pleased with you.
Until you follow their religion.
This is something very important.
Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam came with a message.
The
back then were not happy with that message.
They rejected the message.
The and
the and the they similarly, they what? Reject
what? The message. Well those that know of
the message, they they
either accept or reject the message. If you're
from They either accept or what? Reject the
message. If you're among those that reject the
message, then that means you connect
The
the people that
came into contact with the prophet sallallahu alaihi
wasallam.
They might have respected him
as a person. They might have liked him.
They definitely trusted him because he was Amin.
What's the problem with him then? If he's
Amin, if he's Sadiq, if he's a good
neighbor. What was the problem with him? It
was what? The message.
The message.
And is the prophet ever gonna stop
spreading this message? No. And as long as
you are, they will never be what? Pleasid
you. Why? Because they have their own message.
So
And then Allah mentions a very important principle
Now you know first of all,
don't expect
the and
the and the to be pleased with you.
Don't expect that.
Why? Because they are not happy with the
message that you are spreading.
Until you follow their
their way.
Say to them,
indeed the guidance of Allah
is the only and the only guidance.
Is what?
The only guidance.
Is not only prophet Muhammad came with.
So prophet Adam and
and
and Noah and Musa and Harun and Dawood
and Zakaria and Yahi and all of the
messiah they came with.
In Surat Al Aam, Allah manages many many
many prophets and then Allah says
Those
all those messengers
are those whom Allah guided.
Oh Muhammad,
follow them in their guidance.
Follow them in their guidance. There's a fight
that the scholars mentioned here. Allah said follow
them in their guidance. Allah did not say
follow them.
Allah did not say what? Follow them. Allah
did not
say
follow them in their guidance. And this is
important.
The the scholars,
the the people of.
We follow them in their guidance, in the
truth that they represent.
You follow the truth.
Right? So it's a very
Even though with prophets following them, there's nothing
wrong with we say we follow,
but it's there is a turvey element there
that you remember
the point is the hidayah and the huda.
So the true guidance is with Allah subhanahu
wa ta'ala. And here you learn 2 terminologies.
That which the prophet has is
That which the and the have is.
Indeed the guidance that comes from Allah is
the true guidance
while any and if you or Muhammad follow,
whom their desires.
So what did they follow? They follow their
desire. They don't follow Tawrat. They don't follow
Injeel. They follow their desires.
And oh Muhammad now this is the warning
to the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam.
Allah is saying to prophet Muhammad, if you
follow,
they will never be pleased with you until
you follow their religion.
The only true guidance is the guidance that
comes from Allah.
If you follow them in their
If you follow them in their desires, what's
gonna happen? Allah says,
after the true knowledge has come to you.
What is the knowledge?
The knowledge is the
the Quran.
Then you would have no
against Allah. Meaning you would have no guardian.
And
no helper. So this is a warning to
the prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam. Is the
prophet ever gonna follow them?
No. This is why who is this warning
really for?
It's for us.
Right? It's for
us. If we follow
the desires
of the disbelievers,
that we will have no guardian and no
helper
after we have received
the. Interesting that,
in this verse
is that the Quran
is being called The
Quran is being called what?
And there was an incident that occurred
during the time of where
there was a discussion. As soon as a
discussion there was an inquisition if you will.
Like there was
a huge,
debate
that,
resulted
in the imprisonment of the imam himself which
was as it relates to the Quran. Is
the Quran the speech
of Allah
or is it a created thing? Is it
a created thing?
And we are not allowed to call the
Quran a created thing.
The Quran is,
and he used this verse as an evidence.
He said,
Allah says, oh Mohammed if you follow them
in their desires after the
has come to you. Who's
Who's
The of?
Allah. The of? Allah. So the Quran is
what? The knowledge of?
Allah. And if you call the knowledge of
Allah created,
then this is a big no no, isn't
it?
If you can can say the knowledge of
Allah is a created thing. Right? So he
used this as an evidence to say the
Quran, the speech of Allah this is a
sifa. It is an attribute of Allah subhanahu
wa ta'ala. It is not some created thing.
Right? Al Muhim, this is the this is
why I just remembered that it was the
ayah that he used as evidence. I went
on a tangent in the, but Al Muhim,
let's go back to the verse.
The and the will never be pleased with
you.
Until what?
Until you follow their religion.
So what did Allah advise the prophet say?
The only true guidance is the guidance of
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. And if you follow
them in their hua
in their in their desires,
after the knowledge has come to you, you
will have no guardian against Allah
nor a helper.
Allah is now gonna praise
some of.
As for those who we gave the book,
as for those who we gave and embraced
the book.
Which book is that?
The
It's Luna who they follow it.
The a a true following. What does mean?
Who can tell me what means linguistically?
It's to recite.
But
the word
it means to recite,
which would fit this verse perfectly. Those who
have been given the book are reciting it.
Correct?
But
also means to follow.
And the moon when it follows it.
So it's to
follow. So in this verse, it's talking about
following. And it could also mean reciting. And
this is why the said,
you you it means both. It means both
because the one that recites the Quran properly
also what follows it. So
those whom we have given the Torah,
and this is referring to the ones that
accepted Islam like
and others.
Yet
who they follow with and recited
as it should be recited
or as it should be followed.
Those people
you they are believing in it.
And whoever disbelieves in it,
they are indeed the ones who are the
losers.
You could also say that the the means
the Quran, which means
those who we have given the book.
They are reciting it. They are reciting the
Quran.
May Allah make us among those
We're gonna stop here at verse 121.