Mustafa Abu Rayyan – 11 Tafseer Surah alBaqarah Verses 7482
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AI: Transcript ©
This is a continuation of a regular class
that was ongoing.
It's the first time I'm actually doing it
in front of an audience because we started
doing the lockdown.
Allah
has blessed us to be able to give
us this to have this gathering really.
And I I thank Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala.
Alhamdulillah.
So we were going through the tafsir of
Surah Al Baqarah and we are going to
continue from where we left off which was,
verse 74.
So,
Surat Al Baqarah
is
the
largest chapter in the Quran
and it has a lot of benefits in
it. If someone reads Surat Al Baqarah, learns
it and understands
it, you will come across,
a lot of that you will learn, a
lot of history of of the previous, people
that you will learn. You will learn a
lot of fiqh and understanding. It is a
very comprehensive surah
which I urge everyone to memorize as well.
The the fact of the matter is a
lot of us will not memorize the whole
Quran.
And this is just a fact of life.
Many of us
sadly, are not gonna become a father.
But a lot of people assume that that
means that you can just go on your
whole life only knowing the small chapters
and that is
fine. It is very important that you challenge
yourself in learning more about the Quran and
ask yourself every year, okay, how much more
have I learned The study of the Quran,
whether it is the study of its meaning
or it is the study of,
its its memorization,
should not be something that's relegated only to
the madaris.
So as adults and and as you grow
older, you should have a target of memorizing
some of the Quran
and there's a great blessing in memorizing Surat
Al Baqarah and sending its meaning. Someone that
did that, that person has a lot of
knowledge.
And,
the surah at the moment we are going
through the story of Balu Israil. And there
is a reason why Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
tells about the Qais of Balu Israeel. As
he went through the beginning of Surah Al
Baqarah, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala started the Surah
by introducing the different type of categories people
are, believers, non believers, and hypocrites. Then Allah
Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala laid down the foundations of
Islam. This is why you will find the
first commandment
in Surat Al Baqarah. And if you read
the Quran chronologically from Hatihah, the first commandment
you'll come across is
all mankind worship your lord. So you understand
your purpose of life. We are supposed to
worship Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. You come across
the first prohibition.
Do not give Allah any equals. Do not
commit any shirk. And as you go along,
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala tells, okay, so what
happens if you have
tawhid? What happens if you're upon shirk? Allah
mentions that, that those upon shirk that they
will be in the hellfire.
Then Allah
has given us examples of the good
people and the bad people. Those whom you
should emulate and follow and those whom you
shouldn't. And Allah started by giving us an
example of prophet Adam, alayhis salam, our father,
the first human being. And there's a connection
there. The first story Allah tells us in
the Quran is the story of Adam, alayhis
salam,
to tell you, okay. This is your origin.
This is where you came from. And the
story of Adam, what does it discuss? Of
course, his creation.
The purpose of his creation.
And then also talking about how
he wasn't perfect. He how that he erred
and there was flaws
when they were told to not eat from
the food. They they did. And also that
eternal struggle between us and shaitan.
And that there is a constant presence in
your life. So Allah is introducing me to
these concepts.
So do like what your father did when
he made a mistake.
So he repented Allah
There you have your first lesson. Be like
your father Adam. Repent from your sins. Do
not be like Iblis who is arrogant. Now
you were given an example of an individual,
Adam alayhi salam. Then Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
gives us another example. Let me show you
and the whole surah will keep on showing
you
people that failed and people that succeeded.
And it's beautiful how the story it sets
the tone. So even before
we because as we go along and the
first Jews finishes, then we get to the
legislations.
The prayer, the fasting, the zakat. But before
we get to that, you're getting a lesson.
Well, these are the people that came before
you, some who failed and some who succeeded.
Don't do the what they did of those
that failed and do what the ones who
succeeded do. And you see that even in
the beginning of the Quran, if you read
Surat al Fatiha, which is a summary of
the whole Quran, Allah mentions towards the end,
Surat al hudina Surat al lumstakim, Allah guides
us the straight path.
Whose path?
Those whom you have blessed. The path of
those whom you have blessed. Then Allah in
this surah is showing us glimpses of those
who you have blessed. We saw Adam. We
will see prophet Musa. We will see prophet
Ibrahim and Ismail as we go along. Those
are the ones who Allah have blessed. Follow
them.
Not among those that you have that have
earned your your wrath or those who have
went astray. Who are the ones that earned
Allah's wrath? The scholars say these were the
yahood. This is what Allah tells about a
whole nation that went astray. Literally a whole
nation that went astray. And Allah goes in
a lot of detail of how they went
astray starting with
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala blessed them. This is
why when Allah introduces them,
Allah mentions,
that remember I mentioned this the the people
of Al Israil
how we have given them more than any
other ummah of abdulnahumalaalalamin
and we have given them virtue over the
rest of the world.
So, then Allah tells us about, so what's
so special about all Israel?
Allah mentions all the blessings He was giving
them starting with
how we have saved you from Firaun.
And and so Allah mentions, so the bal
Israel were saved from the oppression of Firaun.
They were given a prophet from amongst their
people Musa,
they were given a book, the tawrat,
they were blessed in many different ways but
they kept on going back into disobedience,
and they kept on going back into sin,
and they kept on going back into disbelief.
And every time Allah would forgive them. And
Allah mentioned,
we know the story and we mentioned that
before that they worshiped
an idol
after they saw the miracle of the splitting
of the sea. But Allah says, Assalamu alaikum
biibayari, Afar that we forgave you. Then after
that some of them would ask Musa, we
won't believe you until you show us who
Allah is. Again, a blasphemous statement. Again,
Allah mentions that he forgave them. Then, they
are Allah mentions that they were told to
enter into the promised land of the holy
land, that
they were told to enter into Jerusalem and
then they they were told to enter humble
humble and with humility and then they refused
to do so but then they were forgiven
again. And subhanallah. And this is actually when
Allah punishes them with the, wandering on the
earth. So when they they they were wandering
the earth and they refused enter the first
time into Jerusalem,
and they refused to follow Musa and and
conquer the city, Allah punished them with 40
years of wandering the earth. But while they
were in punishment highlighting Allah's mercy, while they
Allah
protected them. Allah mentions that
Allah shaded them with clouds so so that
they wouldn't burn in the, in the heat
of the desert. So while they are in
exile, they are being blessed. And Allah said
I gave you alman and alsalwa.
Literally, they were having a heavenly,
delights from Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. But then
what did they do? They said, the Musa,
we're tired of this. We wanna farm. We
wanna
have, basil and and and and salads and
cucumbers and and whatnot. And then again, Allah
tells us, look at what you're doing. You've
been given all of this. You're disobeying. You've
been forgiven. You're coming back in disobedience. Why
is Allah telling us this story? What's the
relevance to us?
This is where you have to understand the
tone that is set.
The Quran is being revealed on the prophet
so ultra baqarah is Madani. It is revealed
in Madani. It is revealed in Madinah. It
is revealed in Madinah. So the prophet is
the first time coming into contact
with Yahud,
and he's calling them to Islam. The prophet
and the Muslims are giving a lesson on
who these people are and their history and
that's the context. And a lot of these
conversations, especially the ones that we're going through
today, it will go go So Allah tells
us about their past and then you also
learn about their present.
And that present for us is the past
because it's the time of the prophet Muhammad
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. We went also through the
story of, the the Baqarah, which is the
Surah is named after in our last lesson.
That was before Ramadan.
Where,
and this is,
the lesson before this one. We talked about
how Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala tells us a
introduces the story. Allah mentions and remember when
Musa was told, or told his people to,
slaughter a cow.
And you're wondering as you read in the
Quran, okay so why are they being asked
to slaughter the cow? It sounds random but
it isn't. There's a story behind it and
the scholars have to see it explain it.
That this was a murder mystery. Someone was
killed. No one knew who he was. So
they are trying to find out and the
the killer himself started making a big deal
about it.
And he actually killed,
his uncle because he couldn't wait to inherit
him.
So his uncle just wouldn't buy and he
was rich. So he decided to speed up
the process and kill him.
And then they he has to make a
scene because it's his uncle who killed my
uncle, they go to prophet Musa. Oh, prophet
Musa, this murder happened. What do we do?
You need to help us. You're the prophet.
And he tells them,
And they're like, we're telling you that there's
a murder that happened and you're telling us
to slaughter a cow. So this is when
the problem happened of they were not submitting
to the prophet. They were not listening,
hearing and obeying. They were not understanding
the one you're speaking to does not speak
of his own accord. He speaks
because Allah tells him to speak.
And they didn't appreciate that simple fact. And
this is a lesson for us when you
hear the prophet said. When you hear nay
in the Quran, remember this is a revelation
from Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
So they then start badgering and questioning Musa
alayhi salam, what kind of cow is it?
How does it look like? We need more
details. And then Musa says a beautiful statement
which is truly the essence of Surat Al
Baqarah. He says,
do what you're being commanded.
Do what you're being commanded.
This is the essence of being a abbot
to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. Allah tells you
to pray, pray. Allah tells you to to
fear Allah, fear Allah. Allah tells you to
not consume riba, don't consume riba. Allah tells
you do as you are being told. This
is where salvation lies in. But they keep
on pestering and badgering and asking
until finally
that the cow becomes more specific each time.
And it's more difficult for them to find
it. The first one slaughtered any cow, so
if they would have just grabbed any cow
and slaughtered it, then the murder mystery would
have been solved and they would have found
the answer. But because they kept on saying
what color is it? It's this color. Is
it the type of that that that, tills
the fields or what type of cow is
it? And they kept on it became more
specific, more specific until they ended up one
particular cow that the young man owned who
was very kind to his mother and they
had to buy it in its own weight
in gold.
And then the scholars they say
They made it difficult for themselves, so Allah
made it difficult for them. Now this is
exactly where we we left off.
They slaughter the cow and then Allah tells
Musa tells them
this is the connection between the murder and
the cow.
Take a piece of the cow and hit
it with the deceased person.
So they were told to hit it with
the deceased person. Which part of the cow?
Some say it was its tongue. Some say
it was its tail. Others say it was
another piece. Allah did not tell us and
what's important that Allah says a piece of
it. Sometimes going into too much detail to
figure out exactly what is ilmunlaiin fa. It's
a knowledge that doesn't benefit.
But they hit a piece of the cow
against the deceased body and what happened? It
woke up or the person that died, he
woke up and he points at the one
that killed him.
And just like that, Allah revives the dead.
Part of the wisdom
behind
all this, the running around, finding the cow,
was so that Allah could show them his
ability to resurrect
the dead.
And to show us, so that we can
read about it. So Allah says, and is
is there's 5 stories mentioned of someone that
died being revived. Five different times, incidents of
someone that died that's being revived. InshaAllah as
you go along we'll get to those stories
as well. Ta'ib.
So
now, the balisrael literally saw someone come back
to life.
Perhaps that is what's going to help them
obey. Perhaps this is the time now, halas,
you've seen the greatest sign. The splitting of
the sea did not work for you. The
shading in the desert did not work for
you. The I mentioned even,
we mentioned
last week or the week before another sign
that literally Allah hovered a mountain over them.
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala took the mountain too
and it hovered over them.
Right? Allah mentions,
and they still
fell into disobedience. So you can tell what
kind of people they are and here Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala mentions after all of this
After all of this.
Your hearts became hardened after all of this.
You see someone that died come back to
life. Is this not enough? And, this
ayah,
verse 74,
it's an ayah that we should all ponder
over. One of the worst punishments that can
happen to someone. Sometimes people wonder
when you sin and you sin and you
sin and you sin
and Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala lets you live
and enjoy,
among the greatest punishment
and consequences of sin
is that you don't come back from that
sin. And Allah lets you.
Let's you stay. Because the one whom Allah
gives the chance to repent, this is the
blessed person.
And sometimes we assume that punishments are, something
bad happened to you, you becoming sick or
diseases or or what have you. But one
of the greatest punishments that we should all
be wary of and ask what is that
Allah
makes your heart
like stone.
Like stone.
You hear the Quran, it doesn't move you.
You're told about the hellfire, you don't care.
You're being told about what happened to the
people in the past, the Quran, nothing.
Your heart becomes like stone. And there are
reasons that lead up to that.
Allah mentions it as one of his punishment.
Because of their disbelief, because of their disobedience,
Allah said, we cursed them and we made
their hearts like stone.
So it is a cause and effect. When
you leave Islam, when you leave ad Din,
when you are immersed in sin, it can
result in your heart becoming like stone or
even worse.
And this is what we should ask Allah
to protect us from. But similarly, Allah did
tell us in the Quran in the end
of in sunnah ways to soften your hearts.
There are some beautiful Hadith. Imam,
the greatest scholar, Ibn Rajab Al Hambali has
a book
about
What makes your heart like stone hard and
how to soften it? And it's very interesting.
What affects your heart? And this is something
that we need to spend time with. You
need to also kind of do a self
diagnosis.
When you hear the Quran does it move
you? When you listen to a lecture or
a khutba how do you feel afterwards? And
you need to start working on that. And
one of the things that help is doing
more acts of obedience and and and and
being conscious of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. In
fact, the prophet said in hadith that, if
you want your heart to become soft,
for your heart to become soft,
Wipe over the head of the orphan. Show
kindness to the to the poor. That's one
of the ways your heart softens
that the prophet mentioned. Also, the dikr of
Allah, of course. The recitation of the Quran,
all of these things. So Allah mentioned here,
So who are we talking about about Israel?
The people that just witnessed someone come back
to life,
After all of that and those signs that
you witnessed,
your hearts became hardened like stone.
After all of that. It
is like stone.
Even harder.
So one of the problems I have seen
in some of the translations is
when Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala said, your hearts
became like stone
or even harder. The word or, it implies
an uncertainty. Who came? It was Muhammad or
Ali that you're not sure. But can we
assume that Allah doesn't know? Allah of course
knows. So to translate it as just ore,
so your hearts became like stone
or harder, it doesn't mean one or the
other and that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala isn't
sure to Allah. Allah knows everything. So the
language that he being used is not,
the word, it's like when we say,
When we say it aw, the word aw,
it means or. You're not sure. But when
Allah use it, it doesn't mean that. It
means
your hearts became like stone.
In
fact, even worse than stone. That's how you
translate it. Your hearts became like stone. In
fact, let's not insult the stones. Your hearts
are even harder. Oh,
and among the stones are
ones that rivers gush forth from,
and water gushes forth from. And this is
like the example of the waterfalls. Right? So
it shows you that stones have nafah in
them. And Allah mentions
this, and among the stones are those that
split
and then water comes from it. And, we
mentioned in the last lesson the miraculous stone
that Bani Israel would carry. So this is
when they were in the exile. They had
a miraculous stone that they would carry because
they would become thirsty. And Musa would hit
his his staff with it and then water
would just gush forth.
So and among the stones are or the
rocks are
Those that descend
or fall out of fear of Allah.
You know when you see a landslide in
a mountain, you see those rocks dwindling or
falling down,
Allah is mentioning that when among the rocks
or the stones are those that fall down,
are the fear of Allah.
The same fear that you won't find in
the hearts of those that have a hard
heart, like stone. Like the Bire Sa'il. They
see someone literally come back to life, it
doesn't do anything for them.
And Allah is not unaware of what you
are doing.
A mis'allah that I'll discuss during this verse
is,
so how can a rock have a fear
of Allah? How can a stone have fear?
Can they think? Do they have understanding?
Are they aware?
Are they not jamaadat? Are they not what
is known as something that is,
not alive? Right?
The scholars, they want to discuss it, they
say that's not the case.
Because we have many evidence that suggests
that the ajjar or the jamadaad,
things that are
like rocks, stones, walls, that they do have
a certain understanding, but we just don't get
it, what Allah does.
There's examples of this especially in Surat Al
Hashar. In Surat Al Hashar Allah mentions,
If this Quran
were to be revealed over a mountain,
you
would see this mountain humbled.
And splitting.
This tells you what? Allah is telling us
that if the Quran were to be revealed
on a mountain it would split
out of fear of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
The prophet said in the hadith is authentic
that there was a rock in Makkah that
used to give him salam.
There was a rock in Makkah that used
to give him salam.
And we know that the prophet said about
Uhud. Uhud is a mountain that loves us
and we love it.
So Uhud
loves the believers.
Uhud is a mountain. Has anyone seen Uhud?
You would think, okay, does it think well,
it has its own way.
So all of these adillah,
they show that yes, and this is why
Ibn Surat Isra wal Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala
said
There is nothing except it has its own
way of glorifying Allah, but you do not
understand how it glorifies Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
So, yes, from our perspective
these things,
rocks and stones and wood, they have no
meaning to us and we can't understand them
and they have no intellect. But Allah subhanahu
wa ta'ala, they are in constant glorification of
Allah. Allah is mentioning that these rocks when
they descend out of fear of Allah subhanahu
wa ta'ala, all of these that shows you
that, first of all, our understanding of the
world is very limited.
And that inanimate objects, that inanimate objects do
have a sense of existing and understanding.
Taib.
And what's what's sad is that the hearts
of Banu Israel
who heard the Quran, who were with a
prophet, their hearts became more hard than stones.
And that Allah is saying even stones are
better than you. May Allah protect us from
that. And may Allah protect us from the
qaswa that happens to the heart.
Bayib. And just to before we move on
from this ayah,
the scholars they explain
a qalbu maqasi,
a heart that has become a heart like
stone. They say it is the heart that
doesn't get affected
when they hear,
when they are reminded and they hear the
Quran and they are told to fear Allah.
If you or anyone is,
feels that way, then you have to take
steps to remedy that and heal your heart.
May Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala heal all of
our hearts. Ta'ib.
So now,
after the story the story is finished, Allah
poses a question.
This question is being posed to the prophet
and to the companions.
More specifically the Ansar.
Because the Ansar were the inhabitants of Medina
and they were very eager for the yahoo
to accept Islam.
Because they lived with each other long, they
knew each other. Now the prophet comes to
Medina and the prophet is preaching Islam and
they're like very eager. These are our brothers.
They're from the people of the book. They
have more in common. They understand these things
like prophets and hereafter. They're not idol worshipers.
So they were very eager for them to
become Muslim. But you know what's sad?
Most of the polythees of the mushrikeen they
end up accepting Islam.
Only a very small number of the yahood
or the Jewish community that lived in Medina
credited Islam.
Very few numbers.
Why? The following reasons. Allah says,
Do you really wish that they will believe?
Allah is telling, he's reprimanding,
do you wish and hope? That
they are going to believe?
Weren't a party among them, a group among
them, would they not used to hear the
speech of Allah?
And then they would change it.
After they have understood it.
Knowingly and deliberately.
Allah is almost telling the believers that lower
your expectations.
Lower your expectations of these people.
They they they did whatever they wanted with
the tawrat
and with
Musa's message. Do you and Musa was from
among them. Do you think do you have
all these high expectations that they're going to
come into Islam? No. That's not their case.
A group among them, these are the scholars,
they're rabbis, they're habaar.
They would hear the speech of Allah.
Some of these scholars of tafsir,
they went with an explanation of this verse
that is marjur. Marjur means it is not
the the more correct view. They said that
this is referring to
until they heard the speech of Allah, it
is referring to an incident that happened during
the time of prophet Musa. When Prophet Musa
went to receive a tawrat and he took
with him 70 of an Israel
that and they asked the blasphemous question, can
we see Allah?
That
they were also and then they were killed
and then resurrected. And they said, well, okay
fine. If you can't see him, can we
at least hear him? So they made this
request. At least if you can't see him,
can we hear Allah's speech? And then that
they prostrated and made sujood and then Allah
spoke and they heard Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
This is the explanation. So then the the
the the eye would become,
these people, do you think they're going to
believe when some of them literally heard the
speech of Allah and yet disobeyed?
But that is a tafsir that is, marjuh.
Why?
What's so special about Prophet Musa if 70
of his bin Israel also heard Allah speak?
Did Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala speak directly to
Musa alayhi salam? And we call him Kalimullah.
If there's 70 others that also heard Allah's
speech that takes away the the the special
feature of who? Abu Fur Musa
This is why scholars like,
they say and even mum Tabari, they say
that this is a an incorrect view and
that the kalamullah
that is being referred to here is just
a tawrat. The same way we could say
today, we all heard the speech of Allah
when we listened to the Quran.
So,
and yes, the tawrat is the speech of
Allah. The same way that the Injil was
the speech of Allah. The Injil, the Torah,
the zabud. This this is the kalam of
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. Here, kalamullah is referring
to the Torah.
Similarly, when you find, for example, Surah Tawba
when Allah says,
is
referring to the Quran.
So,
what did they do when they when they
had the when they heard the speech of
Allah? They changed it. This is referring to
the altercate the alterations and change that they
used to do to the Torah. So they
were just and this the tahareef that they
did is of 2 kinds.
Tahareef lovely and tahareef manawi. Sometimes they will
literally come to a verse and say, yeah.
This one, we don't like it. Let's just
replace it completely with something different.
And sometimes they would keep it as it
is, but they would interpret it in a
different way. It doesn't really mean this. It
doesn't really mean that. More specifically,
it's referring to the,
the verses
that clearly
depicted
Rasool Allah sallallahu alaihi wa sallam. And they
were extremely
explicit.
In fact, you know, nowadays when we read
the or when you read the bible
or people that look into it, you find,
verses that allude to the rasool
Rasool Allah. It's not,
it's not super
clear
as it was during the time of the
prophet. During the time of the prophet
the Torah that the yahood of Medina had,
it literally mentioned the height of the prophet
how he looked like, where he would come
from. Extreme detail to the point where Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala talks about what Allah says.
They knew prophet Muhammad like they know their
own children.
Right? So
they had to change that and they would
say no no no no. He's not a
prophet. No. These verses, they're not talking about
him. So this is also part of the
tariff.
After they understood it. Why is that significant?
Because when after you understood it, this is
implying Allah is telling us they knew the
hack,
they chose to change it. To misguide the
people. And who were the culprits? It was
their scholars.
Allah sadao mum,
while they know, knowingly and deliberately.
Now Allah is telling us about a second
group of the yahoots.
And this is very interesting.
You guys must have heard of the munafiqund
hypocrites, right, in Madinah? And you've heard of
the yahood in Madinah. Now you have a
combination.
The hypocrites from the yahood.
Right? So they were the the Jewish people
that claimed to accept Islam but were really
didn't.
Right? So Allah says,
when the that claimed that they are Muslims
would meet the believers.
They say, yeah, we believe. He's a prophet.
We believe. We are with you.
And when some of them become private with
others, so when they go back to their
folks, their people,
now they are told off.
The hypocrites are being told off by the
actual Yehud
and the scholars. They're saying like, what are
you guys doing?
Because
the hypocrites,
who are secretly still from the yahood, but
they openly saying that they are believers, when
they are with the sahaba, when they are
with the prophet, they would say, Yeah man,
you're right. Yeah, it's mentioned in our books,
Muhammad's descriptions, everything is there. So they would
be kind of exposing the circuits.
And now
Allah is telling us this ayah is telling
us a conversation between the yahudi that is
the munafiq
and the that is,
not a he's just he's not even a
believer. He's a kafir. And they're talking to
each other. So the among them are saying,
Why are you telling them about all these
verses that depict Muhammad
don't expose our secrets.
So that tomorrow
they will have an argument
against us in front of Allah.
Think about They're saying, listen. If you tell
them all of these verses and that the
truth is here, and
they will say, yeah, Allah, they knew about
you. Prophet Muhammadu alaihi wa sallam. They told
us themselves. So stop exposing us here. This
is literally what they are saying to the
to Hadithunahu.
So
what is the tafsir of?
What has been revealed upon you? The scholars
say,
the majority of this is talking about
the the the,
the verses that depicted Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wasallam,
that he would be from Makkah, that he
would look like this, that would prove the
prophethood of Prophet Muhammad salallahu alaihi wasallam. Stop
telling them this. This is this is arguments
for them. Right? They will use it against
us.
Another one is
stop telling us about our past,
about the judgment that was made against our
people. Stop telling them that we disobeyed so
many times.
So
this is what says. It means that these
Munafiqun,
when they are conversing with the Muslims and
they're acting Muslim, they would mention these stories
that, yes, previously our people were destroyed because
of this and after this we did this.
And they would tell
some of the errors that the early yahud
made and some of the punishment that came
as a result. Such as, for example, turning
them into apes. Right?
For example, this and some of the salafs,
they eluded this. So they're saying stop telling
them this because this is just embarrassing us
and showing us that we are wrong. So
basically, this is they are reprimanding them saying
don't do any of this.
Why?
Because if you do, they will have an
argument in front of Allah against us.
Afala taqirun, do you not have intellect? Do
you not understand?
So,
who's saying this?
The Jewish scholars and the yahood, the ahbar,
the rabbis are saying, hey, are you are
you dumb? Do you understand? Stop exposing us.
Other scholars said, Afanat Taqun, which is referring
to the speech of Allah Almighty. So Allah
is saying remember this the verse started or
the previous verse? Oh,
believers,
do you hope that these people are gonna
believe when they have done this and this
and this? And then Allah mentions and Allah
says,
do you not have intellect? You should lower
your expectations with regards to the yahood of
Madinah. This is what's being told. So Allah
is telling us more about them. Then Allah
tells us when they are saying they will
have an argument in front of Allah, doesn't
Allah already know what's in their hearts? Doesn't
Allah already know that they are whether they
are hypocrites or believers or they are hiding?
Allah asks a question.
Do do they not know?
That Allah knows what they are hiding.
And that which they reveal.
So Allah has all the same. Allah already
knows
and then Allah mentions another group. So far
you've learned about 2 groups of the yahud
of Banu Israil in Medina. Group number 1
were the scholars
that were changing the tawrat
and they were hiding things. Right?
Group number 2 were the ones who claimed
to be believers but actually weren't. Now you
have the 3rd group, waminhum and from among
them is, ummyoun
illiterate ones.
Ones that cannot read and cannot write.
The word
you find it quite often in the Quran
and the Sunnah. An ummi is someone that
cannot write and cannot read. This is an
ummi.
And it comes from the word
meaning
you are just the way you were when
your mother gave birth to you. You haven't
attained any knowledge of reading or writing.
Rasool alaihi wa sallam could not read or
write.
Right? And Allah calls him,
the
prophet that was illiterate that couldn't read or
write. Is that a
point of criticism
for the prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam?
Absolutely not. And Allah explains to us why.
In fact Allah says
That you
were not able to read or Muhammad nor
were you able to write.
And this was actually a blessing. Why?
Because when the prophet
came with this, if you could read and
write what they would have said, well, you
could read and write, you probably picked up
a few taurats and added some of your
own. But when he could not read and
could not write, the argument goes out of
the window. Right?
Like someone can't write and then produces
the,
the the Quran. Then this is more an
evidence for the prophet that this came from
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. So let's go back
to this. And among the yahood are illiterate
ones.
They do not know the kitab. They do
not know the tawrat.
All they know is wishful thinking.
All they have is wishful thinking and hopes
and desires they were given. So they are
so jahil.
This is a third group among the yahoots.
So the ones that knew the kitab messed
around with
it. And then you have these groups of
people, they are the awam. They have not
read. They don't read. They are illiterate.
All they know is what they've been told.
And what have they been told? They've been
told,
you are the chosen people.
They have been told you will definitely go
to Jannah. Everyone that is yahood is gonna
go to Jannah. And if you go to
hellfire it's gonna be for a few days.
Right? This is what they've been told. You'll
be punished for a few days and then
we will be free. They've been told that
you are the best people. They've been told
that,
some of them when they would find out,
oh no, the Rasool Allah has mentioned and
Muhammad is depicted in the Torah, what do
we do? They would say yeah, yeah, yeah.
But that's he's the prophet of the Arabs.
Don't worry about it. He's the prophet of
the Arabs. So they would be the umis
that would just be played around with. And
Allah is telling us and this is a
lesson for us by the way. By the
way,
when
the prophet let me finish the ayah first.
They did not know the tawrat.
Except for these wishes that they've been given,
these desires that they've been given. Don't worry.
You'll go to Jannah. Just do your thing.
It's fine. We are chosen people.
And
they don't have nothing except
assumptions
and guesswork.
Right? Some scholars have said that Amani here,
it means tilawa.
All they know is how to recite,
Which means uminu umineel, and among them are
ignorant folks,
laialamunalkitaba
did not understand the kitab,
illaamani
accept its recitation,
and they do not but have assumptions.
So this, the scholar that made tafsir al
Amani and is a valid tafsir because lohatanumniya
means terawah.
This is referring to those that know how
to read but don't understand.
And that sadly is a lot of the
ummah for Muhammad salallahu alaihi wa sallam. That
they can read the Quran,
but they do not understand it. And when
you don't understand the Quran, you are at
the mercy of the scholars. And if the
scholars are corrupted, then a big problem occurs
in the ummah.
Al Muhim but the majority of the scholars
they go with many that they have these
desires and these wishful hopes.
And we mentioned what they were. Now,
Taib,
one of the biggest problems we have is
that today
the
corrupted
scholars of the yahood, we have corrupted Muslim
scholars.
And when we have
Ummyyun
that just live on desires and hopes, we
still have those kinds of people. And a
good example would be if you look at,
for example,
the Sufi orders. You know the Sufi orders,
the douruk?
They have people that follow them and they
believe as long as I'm in the Sufi
order I'm going to be saved. And the
sheikh tells me, so they don't bother studying
or learning
or researching or questioning or asking. They completely
rely, don't worry, as long as in the
storykha, the storykha takes to the jannah. This
is a problem because they are now captured
and then you have these scholars
that they claim to be scholars that tell
them whatever they want. Kiss my hand, do
this. Right? Dance around the mosque. This is
what you need to do. Right? So they
are almost at the mercy of these scholars,
The same way these people were. And what's
the lesson here? Educate yourself on your deen.
Educate yourself on your deen. Understand the kitab.
Learn.
Right? Then
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala tells us some more
details about the yahood
And remember,
let's go back to the overall theme. Why
is Allah telling us about the yahud?
Because
this whole surah is about, we're gonna teach
you about some that were successful
and some that were failures.
An example of the an ummah, a nation
that failed after they were given so many
opportunities
is the yahood. And among the things that
they did was what? They messed around with
revelation.
You don't mess around with Allah's revelation.
Woe
unto
those who write the book with their hands.
With their hands.
They say,
This comes from God.
Why do they do this? So they can
buy with it a small price.
Of that which they have hands have written.
And woe unto them
from that which they have earned. So basically
cursed is what they've done and cursed is
what they've earned. What did they do? They
wrote alkitab. Alkitab here should not be translated
as tawat because this is literally something they
would conjure themselves and write.
And but with their own hands and then
they would say this is from Allah subhanahu
wa ta'ala. SubhanAllah.
Among the greatest sins one can commit. Some
scholars even say it is on par with
shirk,
is to say about Allah that which you
do not know. To just claim, this is
what Allah says.
And this is what these people are doing.
And why were they doing it? Because they
would earn a buck, they would earn some
money.
So, they need to keep their masses, they
need to keep them engaged, they need to
keep them connected to themselves so they would
just make up things.
And half of what you see in these,
in these,
traditions and these faiths that have been corrupted
from what they purely were. The was the
word of God and the Torah was the
word of Allah Almighty and has been corrupt
corrupted over time. This eye is referencing
that corruption.
And that is not a fact that is
hidden.
You know,
you won't find people that say no, actually
the bible today is exactly as it was.
They will all agree that things have been
added and things have been taken out. Something
that is clearly mentioned here in the Quran
as well.
So,
Allah then says
and they said
the fire will not touch us.
They claimed that the fire will not touch
them.
Etcetera, a few days.
Why would they say that? Why would they
say the fire will not touch us etcetera,
for a few days? Because they believed
that
the they are the chosen people and they
deserve,
by right, because of who they are, they
deserve to go to Jannah.
That's what they believed. We will go to
paradise. It is for us.
And they would then say, except for a
few days, we will go to hellfire.
Why? And they would assume
that because of the worshiping of the idol
that happened when Musa went to receive the
tawrat and they and they worshiped the cow,
that we are all gonna be punished for
that.
And there are many errors in the Baqidah.
Number 1, why would Allah punish you for
something that your ancestors did? And the Quran
rectifies that.
No one will burden a sin of another.
The other thing is
to claim that you're going to Jannah. So
now we have a problem here. They believe
they're going to go to Jannah because of
who they are, not because of what they
do. And they have this false belief except
for a few days. Then Allah poses a
question.
Have you taken a covenant with Allah? Do
you have a covenant, a promise from Allah
Almighty that you're going to Jannah? Because if
that's the case,
Allah does not break his promise. If you
have a clear promise from Allah that you're
going to Jannah, Allah keeps his promises.
Or are you saying about Allah that which
you do not know? Which is the case
of course.
Indeed,
you are saying about Allah that which you
have no knowledge of.
Then Allah rectifies
their belief and tells us, so what's the
rule here? How do you end up in
Nar or hellfire and how do you end
up in Jannah? These two following verses will
teach you the the principle of how one
enters into hellfire or how one enters into
Jannah. It has nothing to do with your
ancestors.
Has nothing to do with who you are
or where you come from.
Nay.
In fact,
anyone who commits an evil,
whoever earns a sin, an evil,
And that evil, that sin encompasses that person.
It surrounds you from all sides.
If the person commits evil and that evil
surrounds that person,
then
those are the people of the fire.
They will abide in there forever. Now we
need to break this down. What does it
mean for your sin to surround you?
It
means
to encompass you when you're evil and your
souls encompass you and you have no way
out.
That means you have no Tawhid and you
are upon shirk and kufr. You're upon disbelief.
Because if you're upon kufr and disbelief
and you have sins and all of this,
then you have no way out. But as
long as you have tawhid, there is a
way out. Right? So as long as you
believe in Allah Almighty and He has the
only right to be worshipped and you have
in your heart, no matter how many sins
you commit, your sins have not encompassed you.
There is an opening, there's a door, a
huge door called Tohit. There's another door called
Tohit. So these are all these doors that
will save you, But if you're among those
that if your sins
encompass you and you die upon kufr and
shirk, then you are from the fire. Does
it matter if you are related to the
prophet or not? Or that you are from
the yahoo or not? Or you are from
this family or that family? It doesn't matter.
Bayib, how do you go to Jannah?
That verse taught you how you're gonna go
end up a hellfire. If you're die upon
shirk and kufr and sin.
How do you go to Jannah?
Ask for those who have faith and belief.
Believe in what? Believe in
They believe in Allah and the angels and
the books and everything that they have to
believe in.
And they do righteous actions. And what's this
referring to? Righteous actions. By the way brothers,
you hear it often. Righteous actions. This needs
to be broken down.
Righteous actions are actions that have two things.
Memorize
this.
Sincerity.
Every act of worship you do, it has
to be done solely for the sake of
Allah.
Allah.
It should only be done
the way the prophet did it. Follow the
prophet's way.
These 2 these are the 2 conditions.
I am a lus alihat, and you do
righteous actions. So how do you enter Benjannah?
Have iman, and do good deeds and righteous
actions.
If you do that, what does Allah say?
They are the people of Jannah.
And in it they will abide forever. Ask
Allah to make us a full Jannah.
Ask Allah to protect us from sins surrounding
us and from shirk and kufr. Ask Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala to make us among those
that hear and obey.
Aamin You Rabbil Alamin.
Khwan I Filahi. To summarize this lesson,
we've learned about the
heart
and what what makes the heart
like stone.
Sin,
disobedience,
these are the things. And I encourage all
of you, if you get a chance to
pick up the book of Ibn Arabi al
Hanbali, where he talks about how to heal
your heart.
Then we spoke about the relationship between the
yahood and the believers and how eager they
were for them to accept Islam, but only
a few accepted Islam. And the reason for
this was that the corruption of the scholars,
the hypocrites among them, and the ignorant among
them that would just believe whatever they were
being told.
Finally, the claim that the Yehud made that
they will only enter into Jannah, they will
enter into Jannah. And Allah
told us that that claim is false. And
how you enter into Jannah is through actions,
good actions and iman. And how you end
up in hellfire