Kamil Ahmad – Lessons from the Seerah #68 Events After Khaybar #01
AI: Summary ©
The Prophet sallavi Alaihi wa sallam's marriage with Habiba led to the most expensive marriage, and the court had to protect them. The couple eventually married and had a significant victory, but the couple later married again and had a significant victory. The Prophet's stance on diversity and history of his stance on diversity was discussed, as well as his use of "has been spoken" and "has not spoken." The importance of knowing the dates of the Prophet's time to determine which hadith is authentic or false is emphasized. The importance of knowing the dates of the Prophet's time to determine which hadith is authentic or false is emphasized.
AI: Summary ©
Last week we concluded our
discussion on the battle of Haibar.
Looking at some important scenes
from the battle,
both good and bad.
We saw how there are scenes
of
the suhada,
and
there are also
negative scenes
from the battle.
We also looked at the assassination attempt
of the Jewish woman who tried to poison
the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
And we also looked at how the news
of the outcome of this battle reached Mecca.
And
the reaction of that from both
the Kuffar and
the few muslims who were living in Mecca.
And then we concluded by looking at
the fate,
what became of
the Jews,
eventually what became of them
in the Arabian Peninsula,
the remaining few, what became of them
because khaibar was the last remaining stronghold
of the Jews in Arabia.
And so now we'll move on to
other significant events that took place
around
the time of
the conquest of Khaybar
and after it.
So the first of these events
that we're gonna discuss
is a very important marriage
of
the
Prophet
And so during this period,
the Prophet
was married to a close
family member,
and she was
or Hambiba
Habiba was
one of the early women
of Makkah who had accepted Islam.
And
she was also among those who migrated
the 1st hijrah
to Abyssinia.
And so she migrated with her husband,
urhugaydillahibin
Jahsh.
And as if her leaving her homeland
was not enough of a test for her,
Allah
gave her an even greater test.
She says,
narrating to us a story.
She says,
I saw in a dream
that my husband
appeared to me in the worst and most
deformed state.
So I was terrified.
I said to myself,
This condition of his has changed.
His condition has changed.
So the following morning
he called me
and
he said, oh, habiba.
I considered
other religions before embracing Islam
and I found no
religion better than Christianity.
And I was inclined towards it.
Then I embraced Islam
and I followed the religion of Muhammad.
But now I want to return to Christianity.
She says, I was horrified
by his words
and I said, by Allah, it is not
good for you.
I informed him of the dream that I
had seen about him
but he didn't care about it. He continued
to pursue what he had intended.
He left Islam.
He became a Christian.
She says,
he continued
to indulge in drinking wine until he died.
And so he had a change of heart.
He was deceived by shaitan
and he apostated.
He became a murtad and he left Islam
and became a Christian.
He used to make fun of the Muslims.
He used to say,
You are looking with half of your eyes
open
while I have seen the light.
What's he referring to? To Christianity.
Anyways,
when the news
of this reached the Prophet
back in Madinah,
he sent a message
to the king, the Najashi.
He sent a message to him
to marry
Habiba
to him, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
And so Habiba she continues her story. She
says, so I was afflicted with immense sorrow
and distress because of that
until I saw in a dream someone calling
me
saying,
O mother of the believers.
And this title,
who is it for?
The wives of the Prophet
She says, and so I interpreted that dream
as
Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa sallam wanting to marry
me.
Then as soon as my 'uidah, my waiting
period finished,
then Ajashi
sent someone
for me.
She says,
It was a slave girl.
She came
and she entered and she said,
the king says to you
that Rasulullah
has written to me requesting that I marry
you to him.
I was overjoyed
and I said, 'May Allah bless you with
good.'
Then she added,
the slave girl said to her, the king
says to you to authorize someone
to appoint a wali who can conduct the
marriage
on your behalf. A wakeel, on behalf of
the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam.
So she says, I sent for my cousin
Khalid ibn Saeed Al A'as, and I appointed
him for this task.
And I gave the slave girl all the
jewelry and the gems that I had as
a reward for the good news
that she brought
to me.
Then the Najashi called the representative of the
Muslims
in Abyssinia and he was Ja'far
ibn Abi Talib,
the cousin of the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam.
The brother of who?
Ali. Ali ibn Abi Talib
Along with all the other Muslims in Abyssinia.
And
the
representative
who she appointed Khalid ibn Saeed,
they were all present
and he conducted the marriage
and he married Habiba too, Rasulullah
And he gave her on his behalf,
he gave
her a mahar of 400 dinars,
which was a huge amount.
And he prepared a massive feast, a walima,
for this marriage and then he sent her
off
to Madinah.
Now
this marriage as we can see
was unique in so many different ways
compared to all the other marriages of the
Prophet
that we have covered up until now.
Habiba, she was the closest of his wives
to him in terms of blood relations.
She was the closest of them.
Also,
her marriage was one of the most expensive
due to being hosed by the king
of Habesha of Abyssinia.
As we mentioned,
he gave her 400 dinars and also he
hosted this huge walima.
And it took place in the absence of
the
Prophet No other marriage of his happened in
this way.
And so this was
the marriage of the Prophet
to
Habiba
Bint Abi Sufyan, the daughter
of Abu Sufyan.
The next major event that we're gonna look
at
were the Muslim delegations
that arrived
to meet the Prophet
while he was still
at Khaybar.
When the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam was in
Mecca
with his companions
persecuted
and without any power, without any strength.
Whenever outsiders would come
and accept Islam,
he would tell them to go back to
their people.
He wouldn't let them stay with him in
Mecca. Why? Because
he didn't have the power to protect them.
So he would say, Go back to your
people.
Teach them about Islam.
And then once you have heard that I
have migrated,
once you have heard that I have gained
some power,
then come to me.
So
now
as we have mentioned,
after the Battle of Al Ahzab
and
after
the conquest of Khaybar,
now the tides had turned and
the tides had turned between
the Muslims and their enemies.
And the Muslims now had gained power
as we can see.
And so now several of those
early Muslims
who had met the Prophet
in Mecca,
after
going back to their people and
giving them dawah,
now they were starting to come.
They were starting to come and migrate to
Medina.
And they didn't come alone.
They came with their entire families
and tribes.
And this will continue from now
all the way until the death of the
Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam.
So while the Prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam
was still in khaibah,
he received
3 of these delegations.
The first of them was
the Ashari delegation or
the tribe of
the Asharis.
And so they are a family from Yemen
who lived along the sea coast.
And the famous companion
Abu Musa Al Eshaa'ali was one of them.
And so he tells a story
as found in Sahih al Bukhari.
He says,
The news of
the migration
of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam reached us
while we were in Yemen.
So they have heard and learned that the
Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has migrated from Makkah
to Al Madinah.
He says, 'So we set out as migrants
to him. We set out to make hijrah
to him.
We were 3,
me and my 2 brothers.
I was the youngest of them.
He says, And our total number, meaning his
immediate family were 3. He set out with
his 2 brothers. He says, However our total
number
was 53 or 52 men of my people.
So this was a large group.
He says, We got
onto a boat
And
we start to travel.
The destination was Madinah.
However,
our boat went off course.
And so it took us
to Abyssinia.
We ended up in Habeshah.
He says, There we met
Ja'far ibn Abu Talib
and we stayed with him.
Why? Because
he gave us instructions
that the Prophet
told us to migrate here.
And we have to stay here until he
gives us orders
to leave.
So they said, Okay, fine.
And
so Abu Musa Al Ashari, he says
that
we ended up staying with them.
He says,
we ended up staying with them
until
until the conquest of Haifa.
He says,
it was around this time
that we all set out.
We all set out with Jafar ibn Abi
Talib
and
the Muslims who were living in Abyssinia, all
of us set out in 2 boats
to,
meet the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam in Madinah.
He says,
and so we all came to Madinah and
met the Prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam at
the time of
the conquest of Khayr.
So this was the first delegation, the Ash'aris.
The second would be
the people of Mecca who are living in
Abyssinia.
And so
Jafar ibn Abi Talib radiAllahu Muhammad and
the Muslims with him
who had migrated
to Abyssinia
years earlier,
separated from the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam
for so many years,
not witnessing these major events that we have
covered in the Sirah.
The battles and all these different events.
Finally, they came now. Why?
Because now the Prophet
sent a message to them
to come.
He sent this message
with Amr ibn Umayyah Abamri
to the Najashi
asking him to send the remaining Muslims to
Madinah.
And so when this group arrived
and the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam saw
his cousin
Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, and this is after
some
more than a decade.
This is after more than a decade.
He hugged him. The Prophet salallahu alayhi wa
sallam hugged him and he was so happy
that he said,
I don't know which has brought me more
joy.
Remember
that they are in khaibar.
And this victory was very significant. He says,
the Prophet says, I don't know which has
brought me more joy.
The conquest of khaibar
or
the arrival of Jafar.
And then He salallahu alaihi wa sallam
gave all of them, everyone who arrived
in those boats,
He gave them a share of the booty
of khaibar, the spoils of war,
even though they had not participated in that
battle.
The Prophet did
not give anyone
any share of the booty
of Khaybar, and
previously we spoke about how
you know,
these particular
spoils
and the wealth of khaibar was extremely significant.
The Prophet did not give
anyone
any share of it except those who have
participated.
But here, he made this exception. The scholars
say
that the reason is
perhaps
because
of
their great sacrifice.
The sacrifice of these Muslims
being the original migrants, the original Muhajirun
and living in a foreign land
all by themselves for so long, sacrificing all
of that for the sake of Allah. And
so the Prophet of the Prophet wanted to
reward them.
And so he gave them a share
of the spoils of Khaybar.
We continue on with the hadith of Abu
Musa Al Ashari
in Sahil Bukhari.
He says,
Some of the people used to say to
us,
meaning those who had arrived
on these boats.
Some of the people used to say to
us, meaning
the Sahaba of Madinah.
They would say to us,
We have migrated before you.
Meaning the Muhajirun who migrated to Medina.
We migrated before you.
Meaning, we're better than you. So
Asma bintur Umayz.
She was the wife of Jafar
Radhiyallahu Han.
Abu Musa'al actually is narrating the story. He
says,
Asma'ah bintur Umayis, who was one of those
who had come with us,
she came as a visitor to visit Hafsa
radiAllahu anha. The wife of the Prophet Sallallahu
alaihi wa sallam and the daughter
of Umar ibn Khattab.
And
she was sitting there with Hafsa,
and Rumah
comes in.
Her father, the father of Hafsa.
And she sees Asma'a bintur Umais.
And she's someone new. So
he asks his daughter Hafsa, who is she?
So Hafsa says, she is Asna bint Rumays.
So Umar radiAllahu anhu says,
al habashiyahiyahalbaheriyahiyah.
Is she the Abyssinian woman or the one
who is living in Abyssinia?
Is she
the sea traveling woman, the one who came
by sea?
So Rama radiAllahu anhu had heard about her.
So as
a Hafsa replies, yes.
So then
Umar radiAllahu anhu he says
to her, to Asma.
He says, We have migrated before you.
We migrated
before you. So we have more of a
right
to Rasulullah
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam than you do.
So when she heard this,
she became angry
and she said, no.
By Allah,
while you were with Rasulullah
who was feeding the hungry among you and
advising the ignorant among you. We
were in the far off land
that was disliked,
the land of Abyssinia.
And all of that was for the sake
of Allah and the Messenger of Allah.
By Allah,
I will neither eat any food nor drink
anything
until I go and inform the Prophet
of everything that you have said.
She says,
while we were living there in Abyssinia,
we were harmed and we are living in
a state of fear. I'm gonna go and
mention this to the Prophet salallahu alaihi wa
sallam. And I will not tell a lie
or take away from anything that you have
said or add anything to it. I'm gonna
tell him as you have told me.
So she went
and she told the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam of what Umar had said.
And the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam then asked
her, what did you say in reply? What
was your reply to him?
She says,
you know, this is what I told him,
what we heard.'
And so then the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
said to her, no.
He does not have more of a right
over me than you do.
He and his companions
have 1 hijrah
and you have 2.
And so they made hijrah once,
and you made hijrah twice.
And so if there is any competition, if
there is anyone better, it's you. Basically, this
is what the Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam was
saying.
Asma bintur Umais, she says,
after that,
I would have groups upon groups of the
Muhajir from Abyssinia, those who were with us
in Abyssinia,
coming to me,
asking
me to narrate to them the hadith of
Rasulullah
Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam.
Nothing was more beloved to them in the
world
than hearing those words of the Prophet salallahu
alayhi wa sallam.
She added,
And I would remember Abu Musa al Ashari
visiting me
again and again,
asking me to narrate
the hadith to me.
And so he wasn't
satisfied
having heard it once,
he wanted to hear
it again and again.
Why?
All because
of how the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
acknowledged
and appreciated their sacrifices
that they had made for the sake of
Allah subhanahu
wa ta'ala.
And so they had every right to be
happy.
The other delegation that we can mention here
was the delegation
of the tribe of Adaus.
And
Adaus,
they were also from Yemen,
a place called Al Azd.
And they had also arrived
when the Prophet
was still at Khaybar.
Among them
is who?
The famous companion.
Abu Hurayra
Abu Hurayra narrates the story.
He says,
50 families from Adaus
made Hijrah to Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and
arrived in Madinah.
But we were told that Rasulullah
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam is in Khaybar.
Abu Hurayra says,
wherever Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam is,
we'll go to him.
So they didn't want to wait
until the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam came
back to Madinah.
They said wherever he is, we'll go to
him.
And so
the people of Madinah,
the Sahaba who were there,
they gave them provisions
and
they got them ready to set out once
again.
You know, imagine traveling such a long distance
and they could have
simply
rested,
taken a break and wait for the Prophet
sallallahu alaihi wasallam, but
they didn't want to do that. They weren't
satisfied until they met the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wasallam.
And so they set out for the journey
to Khaybar to meet the Prophet sallallahu
alaihi wasallam, and they met him there.
Now based on these two stories,
we learn
something very important,
something that is very important for the scholars,
especially the scholars of Hadith and the scholars
of Fiqh
and also the scholars of Tafsir.
What have we learned?
2 very
important famous companions.
Abu Musa al Ashari
and
Abu Hurayrah
radiAllahu anhu.
When did they join Rasulullah SallAllahu
Alaihi Wasallam?
They join him at this time
in the 7th year of the Hijra.
Right? We mentioned
that the battle of Khaybar took place in
the beginning of 7th year.
Knowing these dates is very important for the
scholars
because these two particular
companions
narrated so many hadith.
Abu Hurayra is the number 1.
Abu Musal Ashari is also not far behind.
He is one of those who narrated many
many ahadith.
So
the scholars need to know this information
because
they now know
that whatever these 2 companions narrated,
any narration coming from these 2 companions,
it was towards the end of the life
of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam in his
last 3 years.
This helps them when they when there are
seemingly contradicting
contradictory hadith
where one hadith mentions one ruling
and another hadith mentions a different ruling.
And so in order to decide which one
is correct,
there are different ways of figuring out which
one is correct. Sometimes one is authentic, the
other is weak.
But another way of doing it is by
seeing
which
narration came first and which came later.
Because it could be
that
the later hadith
abrogated the ruling
in
the first hadith. This is called neskh.
So if we have 2
opposing rulings, 1 for example says that this
is halal, and the other says this is
haram.
Right? It's about the same thing. How could
both of them be correct?
So you look at which one came later,
which
hadith came later,
and
this is the way to do it, by
knowing
which Sahabi
accepted Islam when
and met the Prophet SAW Alaihi wa Salam.
And so it's very important to know these
dates.
And what we also learned from this
is the barakah
that Allah put
in the likes of Abu Hurayra radiAllahu anhu.
There are companions who lived
and Ahali,
and all of these companions.
And yet they did not narrate as many
ahadith
as Abu Hurairah in a short span of
only 3 years.
Look at how much knowledge he learnt
and then he passed on.
There are many reasons for this. Among them
was the dua of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam
and also among the reasons was that Abu
Hurair radiAllahu anhu,
he stayed with the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
wherever he went.
He was with him and
the only reason he did that is for
this reason. He wanted to gain as much
knowledge as he could so that he could
pass it on.
Alright.
So these are
some of the Muslim delegations that arrived in
this period. We're gonna see more and more
delegations coming
in the future all the way until the
death of the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam.
Next, we move on to the expeditions,
the Saraiyah
that
took place
after the Battle of Khaybar.
And so
the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam continued
sending military expeditions
after Kaibah.
In fact,
this period of time saw an increase
of military campaigns.
Why? Because the Prophet salallahu alayhi wasalam was
now
not worried about his main opponents.
Right?
Quraysh, they're in a peace treaty with him.
As for the Jews,
they have been expelled and their danger they
don't pose a danger anymore.
And so here the Prophet now had the
opportunity
to send
Suraya military expeditions.
And so
we're gonna look at some of these military
expeditions.
There are many but we'll we'll look at
just a few of them.
The first of these
is the sariyah of Abu Bakr Asudiq radiAllahu
Muhammad.
Now once again,
we've mentioned this many times.
There's a difference between a ghazwa
and asariyah.
So arghazwa
is a battle in which the Prophet salallahu
alayhi wa sallam participated himself.
And
it's called a ghazwah whether fighting occurred or
not.
As long as the Prophet salallahu alayhi wasalam
was there,
then it's called a ghazwah.
Like ghazwat Badr,
ghazwat Uhud,
Al Ahzad, etcetera.
A sari'ah is where the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam sends out.
He sends
an expedition
consisting of a group of companions.
He does not go himself in that group.
So that is called a sariyah.
The Prophet
sent an expedition
to the tribe of Bani Fazara
who are located
in Najd
under the leadership
of Abu Bakr As Sudeek radiAllahu 'an.
And this was
in Sha'aban
of the 7th year of the Hijua.
Salama ibn al Aqwa
He narrates the story,
and this is in Sahih Muslim.
He says,
they ambushed the enemy
and
they attacked
the Muslim force. They attacked the enemy
and
he saw them running away.
And he saw a group of them, among
them were
women and children.
He says,
they were running towards a mountain to take
cover.
He says he was worried that they would
reach the mountain and then
have a place to,
you know, protect themselves
before he was able
to catch them.
So he took an arrow
and fired it
and it landed between
this group
and the mountain.
So here,
Salima
he he was not aiming to hit them,
to kill them.
He just wanted to take them as captives.
So he fired this arrow
to have it land in front of them
to make them understand that, you know, he's
within range.
And if they don't stop, he's gonna keep
on firing, and it could hit them.
So when they when they saw this arrow
fly right in front of them,
they stopped in their tracks,
and Salama radiAllahu anhu went,
and
he took
them, and so they fell as captives.
He brought all of them to Abu Bakr
radiAllahu alaihi. 'anam.
Salama then says that there was a woman,
a Bedouin woman among them,
who was wearing leather
clothes.
And she had a young girl with her,
perhaps her daughter.
Says,
she was
the most attractive woman among the Arabs.
He says
that Abu Bakr radiAllahu anhu
gave her,
gave him, gave Salama,
the girl as a prize for her.
He says,
we went back to Madira,
and Rasulullah He Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam,
he met me
in the street or in the marketplace.
And he said, Oh Salama,
hand me over the girl.
Salama responded by saying,
You Rasulullah,
she attracts me and I want to keep
her.
So then,
the next day,
he says, the Prophet
met me again.
And again he said, O Salama,
hand me over the girl.
Salama radiAllahu anhu.
He said the same thing,
You Rasool Allah,
she attracts me.
I want to keep her. However,
O Messenger of Allah,
I will give her to you.
And so he handed her over to him.
Now
what did the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
do with her?
Until here
in the story, one would imagine that
the Prophet
wanted her for himself.
In fact,
even Salama
had taught that
because in the narration it says,
You Rasulullah,
she is yours
and
I have not
been intimate with her yet.
She's all yours.
I have not touched her.
So even he was thinking
that maybe the Prophet wants
her for himself.
What did the prophet do with her?
He took her
and he sent her to Mecca.
He sent her to Makkah in exchange
for some Muslim prisoners
who are being held there.
And so he knew
that,
you know, a young
attractive girl like her is gonna fetch a
huge price.
And his concern was
for
freeing Muslim prisoners
who are being held
by the enemy.
And so this was
the sariyah of Abu Bakr
as Sadiq Radi Waqqani.
The next sariyah
is the sari'ah of Bashir
ibn Sahid
This expedition was also
sent in Sha'aban
of the 7th year of the hijrah.
Rasulullah
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam sent 30 men
to the tribe
of Banu Murrah
who were close
to Fadek.
And
Fadek, we mentioned last week,
was a town north of Khaybar.
And this was also a town inhabited by
the Jews.
And last week we mentioned how
after
the conquest of Khaybar, this
town,
the Jews
who were living there came to the Prophet
and asked him
for a peace agreement.
So
the Prophet
he sends Bashir ibn Sa'ad
to the tribe of Banu Murrah.
And so Bashir and his men,
they reach there
and they kill a large number of the
enemy,
and they seize a lot of their camels
and their cattle, their sheep, and their goats.
However,
on their way back to Madinah,
the enemy gathered up forces
and overtook the muslims at night.
And they showered
Bashir and his men with arrows
and they killed
almost
all the Muslims.
And when they thought that they had killed
all of them,
they took back their
their wealth, their camels, their sheep,
and they made it back
to their to their homeland.
The leader of the Muslims, Bashir ibn Sa'id
radiAllahu
Bashir ibn Sa'id,
he fought very ferociously.
However, he did not die.
He fell, he was injured,
but he did not
die. He managed
to make it to Fadaq,
and there there was a a Jew who
hosted him and who treated his injuries,
and then
he made it back to Madinah.
Mashid ibn Saad, he made it back to
Madinah.
And so this was
the story of his sariyah.
Now the next suriyya is related.
The suriyya of Ghali bi bi bi Abdullah
radiahuwan.
So because of the defeat
that Bashir and
his men suffered, the Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam, he sent out another expedition. This time
led by
Ghalib ibn Abdullah radiAllahuhan.
And this was in Ramadan
of that same year,
the 7th year of the hijrah.
Now on their way,
they met a man named Malik ibn Harith
Alaithi.
And they didn't recognize him. Who is this
man?
We don't know who he is. He could
be from the enemy. He could be a
spy.
So
not knowing who he was,
Ghalib
Ghalib ibn Abdillah, the leader of this expedition,
he ordered
that
he be detained.
Let's hold him,
keep him as
a a prisoner.
So
the man he said,
I have only come to accept Islam.
Ghalib told him,
If you're telling the truth
and you really came to accept Islam, then
us holding you for a day and a
night is not gonna harm you.
But if you have other motives,
then we need to take our precautions.
Because
if he was a spy,
he would disclose
their location
and their numbers
and give valuable information to the enemy
allowing them time to mobilize their forces and
gather to attack,
you know, this small Muslim force.
Right? How many were they? We said they
were
only 30.
And what have we noticed about all of
these Saraya, all of these expeditions?
These expeditions
relied on the element of surprise,
right?
Due to their small numbers.
Whenever the Prophet shalallahu alaihi wa sallam would
send out
a sariyah,
he wouldn't send an army. It would be
few men.
And because of their small numbers,
they have to
take the enemy by surprise.
And this is what we have seen throughout
the Seerah.
Right?
Most of these most of these Surahiah,
they would ambush the enemy,
suddenly,
You know, catch them off guard
either at night
or early in the morning.
And so
now they had come across this man
and,
you know, they had to hold him
because
he could be a spy.
Right? But now we have another problem, and
that problem is that he is claiming
that he's a Muslim.
And it's not permissible to
hold a Muslim and to arrest
a Muslim
for no reason,
right? For
a crime he hasn't committed.
However,
this was a necessary move
on the part of the leader of the
Muslims,
and he even explained that to the man.
He explained it to him. He said, Look,
if you have really come to embrace Islam,
then us holding you for a day and
a night is not gonna harm you.
But if you have come for other reasons,
then,
you know, we have to be careful and
we have to take our precautions.
And so then the expedition, it carried on.
1 of the companions,
Jundub ibn Mookith,
he says,
he was sent to spy on the enemy
because they had reached at the time of
'asr.
So it was
still daylight.
So he
says he climbed a hill
to overlook
the enemy,
and he took a position lying down flat
on the ground
so that
the enemy would not spot him.
However,
one of the men
from the enemy force,
they noticed him
from the distance.
So this man, he said to his wife,
I see some dark object on that hill.
Go and check if the dogs
have taken
any of our utensils.
Now, he was thinking, maybe these are some
dogs.
So she went and checked, and she didn't
find anything missing.
So she came and said, The dogs haven't
taken anything.
He said, okay.
So they're not dogs.
He said, go and bring me my bow
and arrows.
So he took an arrow
and he aimed it at He
shot at him
and the arrow hit him at his side.
Jun Dub says,
I pulled out the arrow
and put it down slowly
without making
any noticeable movements.
The man,
he then
aimed at him again
and fired and shot at This time he
hit his shoulder.
Says,
Slowly I pulled out the arrow
and I put it down without
without moving.
So the man, he says,
my 2 arrows have definitely
struck him.
If he was a scout, if he was,
you know, someone spying on us,
then he would have definitely moved,
but I haven't seen anything move.
And so you could see the discipline of
the Sahaba
Look at their training and look at their
discipline.
You know, here he was
struck twice
by these sharp arrows, and yet he didn't
move
a bit.
So now this man, he was
comfortable, he was satisfied
that whatever this object was,
it could not be a human being.
Then he told his wife,
tomorrow in the morning,
I want you to go and collect for
me my 2 arrows so that the dogs
don't
chew on
them.
Says,
I remained in my position until it was
nighttime,
And their camels and their shepherds came back.
And then they had their dinner
and they went to sleep.
He says,
It was then that we attacked.
He says, We killed some of them and
took their cattle and their camels with us.
However,
now the remaining men who were not killed,
they mobilized
a force and they chased after us.
Jundub says, The forces they gathered were overwhelming.
Huge numbers.
And we couldn't face off against them.
And they were chasing after us, and they
were getting very close to us.
And there was no way that we could
defeat them.
He says,
while we were running away from them, we
crossed the valley.
He says,
at this time there was no rain
and there were not even any conditions for
rain.
However, none nevertheless,
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala brought a flood in
this valley
that separated us from them.
We looked back at them
and saw all of them standing on the
other side of the valley
unable
to do anything.
Then we made it
back safely
to Madinah.
And so this is the Saria of
Ghalib,
Ghalib ibn Abdullah
However,
before we move on,
there is one very very famous
incident
that took place
that
many scholars say it was
during this particular expedition.
They disagree. There's a difference of opinion
as to when this incident took place,
but many of them say it was during
this expedition.
And that is the story of
Usama ibn Zayd radiAllahu an And the man
who said,
And this story, it's a very famous story.
It's found
in Bukhari
and Muslim and many other books of hadith.
Basically, there was a man
who would always be
ahead when the Muslims were attacking the enemy.
And whenever they would retreat, he would be
the last.
Because this is how they used to fight,
they would advance and then retreat.
Advance and then retreat.
So
he was ahead in attacking
and he was at last in retreating.
So he was causing the Muslims problems.
Usama
ibn Zaid radiAllahu anhu says,
me and a man from the Ansar,
we decided
to double team and attack him.
We came behind him
and
now we were in range of killing him.
He turned around
and he said, La ilaha illawaha.
Usama ibn Zaid, he says,
My unsari companion,
he pulled back
and he stopped the attack,
but I carried on,
and I struck him with my sword, and
I killed him.
The news reached
Rasulullah
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam when we went back.
And the Prophet was
extremely angry.
He called me
and he asked,
Did you kill him after he said, La
ilaha illallah?
Usama radiAllahu waihi. He said, You Rasulullah.
He only said it to save his life.
The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam repeated,
did you kill him after he said, La
ilaha illallah?
And the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam kept on
repeating that
until Usama ibn Zaid, he says,
I wish I had not become a Muslim
until that moment.
And
so Usama ibn Zaid, he ended up making
a vow
that he would never fight any Muslim in
his life.
Anyone who says, 'Laahi raha illallah' after that.
And that's why
when
conflicts took place between the companions after the
death of the Prophet in
the wars, the battles that took place between
the companions
after the khilafa of Arasimhan radiAllahu anhuang, during
the time of Ali radiAllahu anhuang and Mu'awiya
radiAllahu anhuang.
And there were many sahaba who fought against
each other and were killed.
Usama ibn Zayd did not participate in any
of those battles
because of this vow that he had taken.
We'll mention one last sariyah
during this period of time, and that was
the sariyah of
Abu Haderat
Radhiallahu Muhammad.
Abu Haderat
had gotten married
to a woman, and he had promised her
a Mahar of
200 dirhams,
which was a very large amount.
So he came to the Prophet
asking him for some help.
You Rasulullah, I've married this woman
and I promised to give her this much,
but I can't afford it.
So the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said,
subhanAllah.
If you are picking up money from
a stream,
you would not have paid more.
In the name of Allah, I have nothing
to help you with.
The Prophet
was basically
saying that,
this is too much money to pay as
Mahr.
And so he declined to help him.
Later on,
in the 7th year
of the hijrah, we're still in the 7th
year,
in the month of Shawwal,
the Prophet
called
Abu Hadrut
along with 2 men
to go and check on
a man
by the name of Rifa'a ibn Qais,
who the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam had
received information
that this man was mobilizing a force to
attack them.
So the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam wanted
these 3 men
to go and bring him
some news
and basically verify that information.
So Abu Haderat,
he says, we went at night
and we arrived at the enemy base.'
He says,
'I took my position
and I gave orders to my 2 companions
to hide somewhere.
And then
I told them, when you hear me making
takbir,
make your move and advance, and we'll attack.
He says,
I was waiting for an opportunity
but
no opportunity came.
You know, it's night time, as we mentioned,
this is when they would attack to take
their enemy by surprise.
But he says, I waited and waited, and
you know, there was no such opportunity.
But then what ended up happening was
that these people,
their shepherd
had not come back.
And it's night time now.
So they're worried about their shepherd.
So their leader, this man,
Rifa'a ibn Qais, who the Prophet
you know,
told these 3 companions to go and see
what he's up to.
This man he says to his people,
I'm gonna go and try to find him,
the shepherd.
His people told him,
we'll do it for you. You stay here,
but he insisted.
He said he insisted. He said, I'm gonna
go and look for him. They said, 'Okay.
Let us accompany you.'
He said, no.
I'm going to go and look for him
on my own.'
And then
he went out to look for the shepherd.
And
he passes by right in front of
Abu Hadurad.
Abu Hadurad he says, when he was within
range,
I shot an arrow at him piercing him
in the heart.
I swear he did not utter a single
word.
He just dropped down dead
and without making a sound.
I then jumped at him and cut off
his head.
Then I made my takbir
and my 2 companions, they came out making
takbir
and we launched our attack.
He says,
the enemy,
they were in disarray,
they were confused,
you know, they caught them by surprise,
They started to run-in every direction.
They took what they could with them
but they had to leave everything else behind.
He says, we took all of the cattle
and the camels
and we brought it back to Madinah.
He says,
Rasulullah hu sallallahu alaihi wa sallam then gave
me
13 camels
and I went and then I concluded my
marriage.
And so
he was able to pay off
his Mahr.
And so these are some of the events
that took place
after the Battle of Khaybar. We conclude with
some of the lessons that we learned from
these events.
The first lesson
comes from the marriage of the Prophet
to
Now we mentioned previously that
behind every
marriage of the Prophet
there was
a reason and a wisdom.
Unlike what the enemies of Islam like to
suggest
that the Prophet was just marrying for his
own desires.
No.
Every single marriage of the Prophet
was planned
and it was for other reasons.
And we find the same thing here.
Here, not only was the Prophet salallahu alayhi
wa sallam looking after his companions,
right?
Habibah's husband,
he apostated,
he left Islam,
and now she was all by herself
in this foreign land.
And the Prophet shalallahu alaihi wa sallam,
he cared about his companions.
And she's not the only one. He married
for the same reason.
There were others like
Salama when her husband passed away. The Prophet
sallallahu alaihi wa sallam married her.
So this is one reason. Another reason
is regarding this particular marriage,
the Prophet
he wanted
to bring
some of his fiercest enemies
close to him through this marriage.
Who was the father of Habiba?
Abu Sufyan.
One of the most hostile leaders of Quraysh
against the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam, and
the Muslims.
And by marrying her, the Prophet salallahu alayhi
wa sallam did
achieve
this goal.
And
so he managed
to soften the heart
of Abu Sufyan.
And later on, as we're gonna learn, Abu
Sufyan does
eventually embrace Islam.
According to Ibn Abbas,
the following verse was revealed regarding this marriage.
In Surah Al Mumtahhina,
Allah says, Perhaps
Allah will bring affection
between you
and those
whom you hold as enemies.'
Allah will bring affection between you and your
enemies.
Ibn Abba says,
so the bond of affection that Allah placed
between them
was the marriage of the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam to Habibah bint Abi Sufyan who
then became known
as the mother of the believers. She became
known as
one of the mothers of the believers.
He says, ibn Abbas says this,
and Mu'awiyah became the uncle of the believers.
Mu'awiyah,
the son of Abu Sufyan, the brother of
Habiba, he says,
in this
way he became like the uncle,
khal
of the believers.
The second lesson that we learn
is the importance of
freeing Muslim
prisoners.
We see this in how
Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam demanded
the slave girl that was captured by Salama
ibn al Aqwa
to hand
to hand her over to him
in order to free
Muslim prisoners who were held by the enemy.
And so he knew that she would fetch
a high price.
And so he sent her to Mecca
in order for Quraysh
to release some Muslims that they had taken
as prisoners.
What does it show us? It shows us
the great concern
that the Prophet
had for the weak
and the oppressed Muslims.
He wouldn't forget about them
even while he was winning battle after battle.
And
he was,
you know,
winning
all of these spoils of war.
And now,
you know, their financial and their economic
situation had improved.
He still was concerned
about the less fortunate, those who were being
held as prisoners.
And that's why the Prophet
says in one hadith,
Feed
the hungry.
Visit the sick.
And free
the prisoner.
And the scholars, they say,
it is a duty for the Muslims
to free
their Muslim brothers
who have been taken as prisoners by the
enemy.
They say in fact that
if the enemy has taken
a Muslim prisoner in the east, it becomes
mandatory.
It becomes an obligation
on the Muslims of the west to spend
all of their wealth to free
that
Muslim. And so
if we have
if we have
hostages
of the enemy taken,
we should use these
to free
our Muslim brothers
and sisters who are being held in the
prisons
of the enemy
as we can see happening today
in Palestine.
Although,
what is the enemy saying
and their allies?
They're saying these hostages need to be released
without any conditions.
And so we Muslims say that it is
part of our deen and part It is
from the sunnah of the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam.
Do not let them go just like that.
No. If we have them, we have to
bargain. And we're not gonna release them until
you hand over,
until you hand over those in your prisons,
which are in the 1,000.
And so they want they they're concerned about
their prisoners,
but they don't care about
the Muslim prisoners who they are holding.
The third lesson that we learn
is the sanctity of Muslim blood.
The greatest crime after shirk
is
to to shed the blood of a Muslim
who is innocent of any crime.
There are so many ayaat and ahadid
proving this and showing the danger
of
shedding
the blood of a Muslim.
In fact, in one narration,
Usama ibn Zayd
he said to the Prophet
You know, we're talking about the story in
which
Usama ibn Zaid killed the man
after he said,
So
Usama he
said to the Prophet
You Rasulullah, I only killed him
because of how much damage he had done
to the Muslims.
He had killed so and so, and he
had killed so and so. He was mentioning
the companions who this man had killed.
And so the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
said to him,
and how will you face off against La
ilaha illallah when it comes on the Day
of Judgment?
Until killing a Muslim
is serious,
killing a Muslim is serious. In one hadith,
it says that
the blood of a Muslim is more sacred
and honorable
than the house of Allah, the Ka'bah,
which, you know, we think as being the
most sacred thing on earth.
The Prophet
says,
the life of a Muslim is even more
sacred than that.
In another hadith, the Prophet says,
the one who is killed
will come on the Day of Judgment
and will hold on to the one who
murdered him
and will say, 'O Allah, ask this man
why he spilled my blood.'
And so all of this shows us
the sanctity
of
Muslim blood.
The next lesson,
which is from that same story of Usama
ibn Zayd
is that we judge people based on what
is apparent.
And so
in that same story,
Usama
radiAllahu an,
he killed a man
after he said, La ilaha illallah.
But he killed him because
he thought he was saying that only to
save his life.
So he went into his intention.
Right?
So So the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam
asked Usana,
Did you open his heart?
Did you open up his heart to see
whether he is truthful
or whether he is lying about saying,
So this shows us
that we are supposed to go by what
is apparent to us.
If a person claims to be a Muslim,
then we have to take him for his
word.
Leaving what is in his heart to Allah.
It doesn't matter who he is.
Right? We have to go based on the
apparent.
We're not gonna go into
his intentions,
into his motives,
as long as they are not apparent to
us.
But not only does this apply to iman,
but it also applies to kufr. So
yes, anyone who says, La ilaha illallah,
that's it. He's a Muslim.
And we leave,
you know, his
inner affair, we leave it with Allah.
But likewise, the same thing can be said
about Kufr.
Anyone
who we see kufr coming from him,
we consider him a kafir.
Anyone
who
we see kufr from,
then we go based on the apparent
without asking, okay, what's in his heart?
Right?
So
we don't dig into the hearts
to find out what is in them. We
go based on the apparent.
Finally, one last lesson that we'll mention
is that Allah provides
for those who fear Him
from places
they least expect.
We see this in the story
of Abu Hadirad
who was in need.
You know, he was in financial need. He
had got married
and he
needed
to pay his mahar, which was a huge
amount.
And he was turned down by the Prophet
when he sought his help. However,
because he feared Allah,
and
he wanted to
protect his chastity
by marrying a woman,
Allah
made a way out for him
and provided him from sources
he could never have imagined.
And so he went on this mission
that the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam sent
him on
and he brought back all of this
wealth, these camels.
And the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam gifted
him
13 of them.
And this is as Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
says,
Whoever fears Allah, Allah will make a way
out for him and will provide for him
from ways
he least expects.
And so this is something we should always
remember.
That
as long as you fear Allah,
and you give up something for the sake
of Allah,
then Allah will provide for you.
Don't think it's impossible.
Don't ask where is it gonna come from.
It's gonna come
as long as you are sincere to Allah
And so these are some of the events
that took place after the battle of Khayb.
We'll move on to
other events
next week.