Ismail Kamdar – History of Islam in Spain

Ismail Kamdar
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The Radio Islam program discusses the importance of learning about the history of the Middle East and the cultural and political bases of the new religion, the Oveian Empire, and the misconceptions of Islam. The speakers emphasize the importance of history and the importance of modernizing society, creating mindset changes, and the importance of history and justice in the actions of the Muslim community. They also mention a new program on Radio Islam's website and a book on Islamic history.

AI: Summary ©

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			A warm welcome to the program.
		
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			Today,
		
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			we embark on a journey through history,
		
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			and we will together be exploring one of
		
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			the most significant chapters in Islamic civilization,
		
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			the conquest
		
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			of Spain.
		
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			Our guest today is the founder of Islamic
		
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			Self Help, an author, and part of the
		
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			Yaqeen Institute, the Yaqeen Books Division.
		
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			Our guest today is Sheikh Ismael Kanda, and
		
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			we'll be learning more from Sheikh about this
		
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			part of our Islamic history.
		
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			And welcome to Radio
		
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			Islam.
		
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			Amin Amin. At the outset, we must congratulate
		
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			you
		
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			on the launch,
		
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			of the release of your your latest book
		
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			at the time so for our listeners, to
		
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			put this into context, at the time that
		
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			we are recording
		
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			this program in particular with Sheikh is, when
		
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			Sheikh has
		
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			released,
		
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			his latest book. It's called 25 keys to
		
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			a happy life from the Quran.
		
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			May Allah
		
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			make it full of benefits for us and
		
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			for you. Amen.
		
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			Amen.
		
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			If we can, just for a moment or
		
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			2, tell us a bit more about this
		
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			book, 25
		
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			Keys to a Happy
		
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			Life. Anything you'd like to share with us,
		
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			about this book, please, if you can.
		
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			Sure.
		
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			So this book, I wrote it last year
		
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			in Ramadan.
		
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			Actually, I had no intention of writing any
		
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			books last year. I was going through one
		
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			of the biggest trials of my life, and
		
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			it was a very difficult time in my
		
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			life.
		
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			And Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala just put this
		
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			in my heart to write out
		
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			a set of ways of reframing my mind
		
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			to be happy no matter what trials I'm
		
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			going through.
		
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			And when I completed writing it with 27th
		
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			night of Ramadan,
		
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			I realized I had something beneficial that others
		
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			could benefit from as well. So I ended
		
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			up
		
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			editing it
		
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			and sending it to one of my publishers,
		
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			and they they really enjoyed it themselves.
		
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			They decided to publish it.
		
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			And this book basically
		
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			outlines
		
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			25 concepts
		
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			from the Quran in Sunnah
		
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			that
		
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			reframe the way we look at the world
		
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			and reframe
		
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			how we seek happiness.
		
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			And one of the big problems of today
		
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			is people seek happiness in the wrong places.
		
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			We look for it in sin. We look
		
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			for it in money. We look at it
		
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			for it in pain.
		
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			This book teaches us to value family,
		
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			hard work, contentment,
		
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			privacy,
		
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			good relationships,
		
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			healthy friendships, and most importantly,
		
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			a strong relationship with Allah
		
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			So it's actually one of the shortening books
		
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			I've ever written. I purposely made only 70
		
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			pages.
		
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			The idea is that it's a book that
		
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			you can give people. It's a book that
		
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			people who don't necessarily
		
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			read books will still be motivated to read.
		
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			It's a book you can pick up and
		
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			just read 1 of the chapters and be
		
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			motivated by it. So, Inshallah, I'm hoping that
		
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			our community will benefit from it. It's not
		
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			available on the market yet.
		
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			It should be available in South Africa within
		
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			the next few weeks and globally by November
		
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			latest.
		
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			Fantastic. And will she be uploading the,
		
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			date release dates on on social media? So
		
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			is that where our listeners can find out
		
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			when it's available at their local
		
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			Islamic bookstores?
		
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			Yes.
		
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			Every step of the way, I will be
		
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			making announcements on social media as the book
		
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			becomes available in different regions.
		
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			Fantastic,
		
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			So the book, listeners, is 25 Keys to
		
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			a Happy Life by Sheikh Ismail Kamda, and
		
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			these are tools from the Quran and Sunnah
		
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			itself. As Sheikh mentioned, other very,
		
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			book. So even if you're not much of
		
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			a reader or you don't feel you don't
		
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			have time to read, as many of us
		
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			say that often,
		
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			even as an ideal, as a gift. I
		
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			think one of the best gifts we could
		
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			actually give someone is is is a book,
		
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			and it would make a wonderful book for
		
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			your bookshelves.
		
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			We will definitely be looking out for that,
		
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			and we hope that there's going to be,
		
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			e versions as well,
		
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			for those of us that prefer our Kindles.
		
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			So looking forward to that.
		
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			If we could perhaps today,
		
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			with you learn more about our Islamic history.
		
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			We know that this is a topic that
		
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			you're passionate about, about Islamic civilizations,
		
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			about legacies.
		
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			If if we could start by asking you,
		
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			let's lay the foundation. Let's set that motivation
		
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			in place. Why is it so important for
		
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			us, regardless of our age,
		
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			to learn about our Islamic history, specifically
		
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			the Islamic history after the passing away of
		
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			Nabi Muhammad sallallahu alaihi
		
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			sallam? Okay. So a very important
		
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			question.
		
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			It really,
		
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			underlines a lot of the work that I
		
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			do.
		
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			I believe that history is one of the
		
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			it's probably the most neglected subject in our
		
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			curriculum today.
		
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			And
		
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			too many of us are disconnected
		
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			from our past.
		
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			Look. Our knowledge of history is limited to
		
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			it's a leap in our minds. We have
		
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			the
		
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			and the and
		
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			then we have the modern world.
		
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			And everything that happened in between for 1,400
		
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			years, we are clueless about it.
		
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			And this is a tragedy because a lot
		
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			of great things happen, a lot of bad
		
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			things happen, a lot of things happen that
		
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			shape the world
		
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			as we see it today.
		
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			You cannot truly appreciate or understand
		
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			how the world is today
		
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			without knowing what led to it reaching this
		
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			point.
		
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			One point that I just want to make
		
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			before I go into why it's important is
		
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			that
		
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			I don't necessarily
		
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			refer to this as Islamic history.
		
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			Right?
		
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			To me, Islamic history is the story of
		
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			the prophets, the sierra of Rasulullah salallahu alaihi
		
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			wa sallam, and perhaps the.
		
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			Because that's where we take our team from.
		
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			We take our
		
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			understanding of Islam from these historical incidents.
		
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			Anything that comes after that is Mhmm. Muslim
		
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			history.
		
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			And Muslim history is very human. Right? It's
		
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			very human. So what will happen is people
		
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			go in with the wrong expectation.
		
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			When they hear the term Islamic history, you
		
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			think they're gonna learn about the Amin, and
		
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			then they hear about genocides and Muslims killing
		
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			each other and civil wars, and they're like,
		
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			what's going on here? This is our deal.
		
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			No. This is not our deal. This is
		
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			our history.
		
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			I think it's a very human history.
		
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			So I think changing the term and the
		
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			label that we use, it,
		
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			it creates better expectations, right, for what to
		
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			expect.
		
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			That our history, the human history,
		
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			things
		
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			aren't always
		
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			rosy.
		
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			It's not only good things that happened. There
		
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			are bad things that happened as well. It's
		
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			important to study both sides of all these,
		
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			see the glories and the highs of the
		
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			Muslim empires as well as the lows and
		
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			what caused them.
		
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			Because that's where we extract lessons from. And
		
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			then the main reason to study history is
		
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			that they say those who don't study history
		
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			are doomed to repeat
		
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			it. And we actually see that in the
		
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			world today. What's going on in the world
		
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			today? I can actually like, for example,
		
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			the state of the Middle East today
		
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			is almost exactly the state of
		
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			Islamic Spain before it come. It's like a
		
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			blur of the exact same problems and divisions
		
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			and and issues.
		
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			It's like history has been repeated.
		
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			Even what's going on in the USA today,
		
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			it's a repeat of the history of the
		
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			Roman Empire.
		
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			So people who don't study history
		
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			are bound to repeat it. And therefore,
		
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			if we want to be on the right
		
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			side of history, we need to know what
		
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			happened in the past, take lessons from it,
		
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			and improve our lives accordingly.
		
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			Indeed. Indeed. So, Sheikh, that was a very
		
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			important point, a big learning step. For
		
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			that. So we're talking about Muslim history in
		
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			Spain,
		
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			and we're looking at Islamic history being the
		
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			time of Nabi Muhammad salalahu alaihi wa sallam
		
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			and up until the Khalifa Rashidin. But now
		
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			when we're talking about Spain and
		
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			Muslim civilization, so we would talk about it
		
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			as Muslim history. And so having that distinction
		
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			and the difference and knowing where to draw
		
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			our Islamic history from was from the best
		
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			generations.
		
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			For
		
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			that very, very,
		
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			important.
		
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			And I think it as you said, it
		
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			definitely creates a shift and a change in
		
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			our understanding and expectation and how we approach,
		
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			absorb,
		
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			and and integrate the lessons from history.
		
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			So so let's talk now about the key
		
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			events that that led up to this Muslim
		
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			conquest of Spain.
		
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			Were there any key events that led to
		
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			this conquest of Spain?
		
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			And,
		
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			what is it that motivated
		
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			the Muslim forces to expand into the Iberian
		
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			Peninsula?
		
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			So to understand this, there's 2
		
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			separate histories to understand, the history of Spain
		
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			up to this moment Mhmm. And the history
		
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			of Islam up to this moment.
		
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			So
		
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			the Muslims
		
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			had been
		
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			constantly expanding the Muslim empire
		
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			from the time of Abu Bakr Rajulahu Anhu
		
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			right until the time that the Muslim province
		
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			Spain, which is about
		
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			a field of about 80 to 90 years.
		
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			Right?
		
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			And the majority of this conquest took place
		
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			during 2 reigns.
		
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			The reign of Omar Ibn Saidah, Rabia Lawahu,
		
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			where the Muslims conquered Syria, Mosul,
		
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			Egypt, Persia,
		
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			and many other lands.
		
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			And then about 80 years later,
		
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			the reign of king Walid ibn Abd al
		
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			Malik, the state obeyed the pallor, in which
		
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			the Muslims conquered the North Africa, India, Samarkand,
		
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			Spain.
		
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			So this is where our story takes place
		
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			in the
		
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			in the 19th year after hija, about 8
		
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			years after Rasulullah Salah al Wissam has passed
		
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			away. The Muslims have now grown into a
		
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			mighty empire,
		
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			one of the fastest rising empires in history
		
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			of the world. They now rule all of
		
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			Arabia, North Africa, and Persia,
		
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			and
		
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			parts of India.
		
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			And this is now a massive empire with
		
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			its own currency, its own,
		
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			political system,
		
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			a reputation that is spreading to other parts
		
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			of the world.
		
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			And at this point in time, the Muslims
		
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			had no interest in invading Europe or any
		
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			part of Europe because,
		
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			historically, at that point in time, Europe was
		
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			a barbaric backwards land. There were no civilizations
		
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			in Europe.
		
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			It was seen as this
		
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			backwards
		
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			part of the world that was just not
		
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			worth
		
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			getting into or getting involved.
		
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			Many people don't realize this, but Europe as
		
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			a civilization
		
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			only really comes about because of
		
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			Islam. Before Islam, Europe is just it's nothing.
		
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			Right? It's, there's no real history database in
		
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			the world.
		
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			So they ignore Europe for the most part.
		
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			But what happens is after the Muslims conquered
		
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			North Africa,
		
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			the Christians and Jews living in Spain, which
		
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			is like just across the ocean of North
		
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			Africa,
		
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			they begin to see the difference in the
		
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			styles of leadership and the quality of leadership.
		
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			And they noticed that the people of North
		
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			Africa
		
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			have more justice. They have more peace. They
		
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			have more freedom of religion, the Islam.
		
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			While in Spain, they are suffering from oppression.
		
00:11:44 --> 00:11:47
			They are suffering from secularism and religious discrimination,
		
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			and we are being mistreated by the king
		
00:11:50 --> 00:11:52
			of Spain and the king of Rome.
		
00:11:53 --> 00:11:56
			So one of the key differences between how
		
00:11:56 --> 00:11:57
			Islam Islamic empires
		
00:11:58 --> 00:12:00
			operated and how Christian empires operated
		
00:12:01 --> 00:12:04
			is that Christian empires tend to focus on
		
00:12:04 --> 00:12:04
			a very,
		
00:12:05 --> 00:12:08
			like, one specific group or step within Christianity.
		
00:12:09 --> 00:12:11
			And anybody who was not part of that
		
00:12:11 --> 00:12:13
			step will be oppressed by step
		
00:12:14 --> 00:12:14
			And
		
00:12:16 --> 00:12:16
			so
		
00:12:17 --> 00:12:18
			anyone who was not part of the dominant
		
00:12:18 --> 00:12:19
			ruling
		
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			group of Christians in in Spain, whether they
		
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			were Jewish or Christian denominations,
		
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			they were oppressed.
		
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			While under Islam, all of
		
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			all do that proceed that treated equally to
		
00:12:32 --> 00:12:35
			each other regardless of which denomination they follow.
		
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			So Islam actually fixed the problem of securing
		
00:12:38 --> 00:12:39
			as a Hamas Christian.
		
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			And so what happens is this thing, Roderick,
		
00:12:41 --> 00:12:42
			is extremely
		
00:12:43 --> 00:12:44
			offensive to his people.
		
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			1 of the tribal leaders within Spain by
		
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			the name of Julian,
		
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			he had been in North Africa before he
		
00:12:52 --> 00:12:53
			had seen,
		
00:12:53 --> 00:12:55
			how the North African
		
00:12:55 --> 00:12:58
			how North Africa was under Islam. He actually
		
00:12:58 --> 00:12:59
			had a
		
00:12:59 --> 00:13:02
			connection to the the ruler of North Africa,
		
00:13:02 --> 00:13:03
			and he was able to sail.
		
00:13:04 --> 00:13:04
			And
		
00:13:05 --> 00:13:06
			he
		
00:13:07 --> 00:13:09
			tries to fight against Roderick and take over
		
00:13:09 --> 00:13:10
			the land, and he fails.
		
00:13:10 --> 00:13:13
			And at one point, his daughter, who was
		
00:13:13 --> 00:13:16
			studying in the library of King Rodrig writes
		
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			to him and says that the king is
		
00:13:18 --> 00:13:20
			harassing her and molesting her.
		
00:13:21 --> 00:13:22
			He this is, like, the last straw. They
		
00:13:22 --> 00:13:23
			see that we have to do something about
		
00:13:23 --> 00:13:26
			this man. So he actually writes in the
		
00:13:26 --> 00:13:27
			wisdom of North Africa and says, can you
		
00:13:27 --> 00:13:28
			invade us?
		
00:13:29 --> 00:13:31
			He's a Christian. The Jews
		
00:13:31 --> 00:13:33
			basically write to the Muslims of Africa and
		
00:13:33 --> 00:13:35
			say, can you do something about this thing?
		
00:13:35 --> 00:13:36
			We'd rather
		
00:13:36 --> 00:13:38
			do we we rather look under Islamic rule
		
00:13:38 --> 00:13:40
			than look under the British and the Christian
		
00:13:40 --> 00:13:40
			things.
		
00:13:41 --> 00:13:43
			And so not after Wednesday, first thing, maybe
		
00:13:43 --> 00:13:44
			they see they they trap. You know, why
		
00:13:44 --> 00:13:47
			would the Christian invaders invade their land or
		
00:13:47 --> 00:13:48
			they ride to the Khalifa,
		
00:13:49 --> 00:13:50
			King Walid?
		
00:13:50 --> 00:13:52
			He he tells them to go ahead but
		
00:13:52 --> 00:13:52
			to be cautious.
		
00:13:53 --> 00:13:55
			So the go ahead is very cautious, we
		
00:13:55 --> 00:13:57
			actually didn't they they write until the end.
		
00:13:57 --> 00:13:58
			They think this might be a trap. Like,
		
00:13:58 --> 00:14:00
			why would these people want us to pay
		
00:14:00 --> 00:14:02
			the Iraq? So Musa is going to say
		
00:14:02 --> 00:14:03
			it. He just sends 5,000
		
00:14:04 --> 00:14:06
			people, an army of 5,000,
		
00:14:06 --> 00:14:09
			led by his freed slave, the North African
		
00:14:09 --> 00:14:09
			warrior,
		
00:14:11 --> 00:14:13
			And these 5,000, they enter Spain,
		
00:14:14 --> 00:14:15
			emit Julian.
		
00:14:16 --> 00:14:17
			They team up with him and his followers.
		
00:14:17 --> 00:14:19
			They team up with some of the Christians.
		
00:14:19 --> 00:14:20
			They team up with some of the Jews.
		
00:14:20 --> 00:14:22
			They're not also able to say these guys
		
00:14:22 --> 00:14:24
			are serious. So for that's helping with them,
		
00:14:24 --> 00:14:26
			So he sends another 5,000. So you have,
		
00:14:26 --> 00:14:29
			like, 10,000 Muslims invading Spain.
		
00:14:29 --> 00:14:31
			At that point in time, the king of
		
00:14:31 --> 00:14:32
			Spain had an army of over a 100,000.
		
00:14:33 --> 00:14:36
			Right? So it seemed almost impossible. Like, how
		
00:14:36 --> 00:14:38
			would 10,000 people defeat a 100,000? But he's
		
00:14:38 --> 00:14:41
			telling and say that in the jihad that
		
00:14:41 --> 00:14:42
			takes place between,
		
00:14:46 --> 00:14:48
			between Tariq ibn Ziyad and and King Rodrik's
		
00:14:48 --> 00:14:49
			army,
		
00:14:49 --> 00:14:52
			there were actually thousands of Jews and Christians
		
00:14:52 --> 00:14:54
			fighting jihad on the side of the Muslims
		
00:14:54 --> 00:14:56
			to help the Muslims to take the table.
		
00:14:57 --> 00:14:59
			And so the Muslims are victorious
		
00:15:00 --> 00:15:01
			within a period of 20 years.
		
00:15:02 --> 00:15:04
			All of modern day Spain
		
00:15:04 --> 00:15:07
			is now under Muslim rule all the way
		
00:15:07 --> 00:15:09
			up to the borders of France. The Muslims
		
00:15:09 --> 00:15:12
			conquered the entire region all the way up
		
00:15:12 --> 00:15:14
			to the borders of France, and you that
		
00:15:14 --> 00:15:16
			land would become an Islamic
		
00:15:16 --> 00:15:18
			land, remain an Islamic land for 700
		
00:15:19 --> 00:15:20
			years.
		
00:15:20 --> 00:15:22
			That's the story of how Muslims conquered
		
00:15:23 --> 00:15:24
			Spain and
		
00:15:24 --> 00:15:25
			White.
		
00:15:26 --> 00:15:28
			Very, very interesting. Jazak Malaheishe
		
00:15:29 --> 00:15:30
			who'll take us through that.
		
00:15:32 --> 00:15:34
			When we look at this the the Muslim
		
00:15:34 --> 00:15:36
			conquest of Spain
		
00:15:37 --> 00:15:40
			and we put it into context of Muslim
		
00:15:40 --> 00:15:40
			history
		
00:15:41 --> 00:15:42
			over the years.
		
00:15:44 --> 00:15:47
			What does that conquest of Spain boil down
		
00:15:47 --> 00:15:48
			to in terms of its
		
00:15:49 --> 00:15:49
			significance
		
00:15:50 --> 00:15:51
			or impact
		
00:15:52 --> 00:15:54
			in our Islamic Muslim history, at least?
		
00:15:56 --> 00:15:58
			You can see the impact of the Muslim
		
00:15:58 --> 00:16:01
			conquest of Spain in any field that you
		
00:16:01 --> 00:16:02
			study.
		
00:16:02 --> 00:16:04
			When you study, pick many of the books
		
00:16:04 --> 00:16:06
			were written in Spain. When you study tafsir,
		
00:16:06 --> 00:16:08
			many of the books were written in Spain.
		
00:16:08 --> 00:16:11
			When you study medicine or science or architecture,
		
00:16:12 --> 00:16:13
			many of it many much of it comes
		
00:16:13 --> 00:16:14
			from Spain.
		
00:16:14 --> 00:16:17
			Islamic Spain, at least for the 1st 400
		
00:16:17 --> 00:16:18
			years, was
		
00:16:18 --> 00:16:21
			central to the development of Islam,
		
00:16:22 --> 00:16:24
			science civilization. So what happens
		
00:16:25 --> 00:16:28
			is after the Muslims take over Spain, they
		
00:16:28 --> 00:16:29
			kind of leave it to South Qaban,
		
00:16:30 --> 00:16:32
			right, which is the Islamic way in general
		
00:16:32 --> 00:16:33
			that Muslim rulers are on the or,
		
00:16:35 --> 00:16:37
			they generally leave communities to South Carbon. And
		
00:16:37 --> 00:16:40
			because Europe is so far away from from,
		
00:16:40 --> 00:16:42
			from Baghdad and from,
		
00:16:42 --> 00:16:43
			Damascus,
		
00:16:43 --> 00:16:45
			it really wasn't of much concern to the
		
00:16:45 --> 00:16:47
			Oveia rulers. Right? So they kind of leave
		
00:16:47 --> 00:16:49
			Spain to South Africa.
		
00:16:49 --> 00:16:51
			And there there's a civil war that takes
		
00:16:51 --> 00:16:53
			place between the Oveias and the Abbasids. The
		
00:16:53 --> 00:16:55
			Abbasids take over the Bosun Empire.
		
00:16:56 --> 00:16:58
			A very fascinating story takes place, in which
		
00:16:58 --> 00:17:00
			we are going to go into it. But,
		
00:17:00 --> 00:17:01
			essentially, the
		
00:17:02 --> 00:17:03
			Abbasids
		
00:17:03 --> 00:17:04
			waxed
		
00:17:04 --> 00:17:06
			all of the various instances except for one
		
00:17:06 --> 00:17:08
			by the name of.
		
00:17:09 --> 00:17:11
			And, really, Abdul Rahman in the warrior's life
		
00:17:11 --> 00:17:14
			reads like a just one of the most
		
00:17:14 --> 00:17:16
			vaccinated stories in our history.
		
00:17:16 --> 00:17:17
			This man escapes
		
00:17:18 --> 00:17:19
			at the age of 18
		
00:17:19 --> 00:17:20
			from the,
		
00:17:21 --> 00:17:21
			deposits.
		
00:17:22 --> 00:17:24
			He goes on the run. He goes into
		
00:17:24 --> 00:17:26
			exile. He goes into hiding. He changes his
		
00:17:26 --> 00:17:26
			name.
		
00:17:27 --> 00:17:28
			He fights after him. People are trying to
		
00:17:28 --> 00:17:31
			uncover him identity to find him to move
		
00:17:31 --> 00:17:33
			from country to country, crossing the ocean. He
		
00:17:33 --> 00:17:35
			finds his way into Spain.
		
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			As in Spain,
		
00:17:37 --> 00:17:38
			he finds an independent
		
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			Muslim nation
		
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			that is still loyal to his family because
		
00:17:42 --> 00:17:44
			his family were the one that liberated them
		
00:17:44 --> 00:17:44
			on the Christians.
		
00:17:45 --> 00:17:47
			And so this the people of Spain give
		
00:17:47 --> 00:17:50
			him the leadership, and Spain becomes a separate
		
00:17:50 --> 00:17:53
			land from the Abbasid empire. So many people
		
00:17:53 --> 00:17:54
			have this misunderstanding
		
00:17:54 --> 00:17:57
			that we had, like, 1 Khalifa, right, until
		
00:17:57 --> 00:17:58
			World War 1.
		
00:17:58 --> 00:18:00
			That's a huge misunderstanding. We only had 1
		
00:18:00 --> 00:18:03
			Khalifa for the first 100 years of August.
		
00:18:04 --> 00:18:07
			After that, you had Abbasids in Baghdad.
		
00:18:07 --> 00:18:09
			You had the Obeidians in Spain.
		
00:18:10 --> 00:18:12
			You had the party mates in Egypt,
		
00:18:12 --> 00:18:14
			and more and more coming about
		
00:18:14 --> 00:18:16
			going as the S. Go back. I don't
		
00:18:16 --> 00:18:18
			think there was any point in history afterwards
		
00:18:18 --> 00:18:19
			where they were in one Khalifa. There were
		
00:18:19 --> 00:18:21
			always at least 2 or 3 people claiming
		
00:18:21 --> 00:18:23
			to be Khalifa at the same time. So
		
00:18:23 --> 00:18:24
			Spain becomes a separate
		
00:18:24 --> 00:18:26
			civilization from the Abbasid empire.
		
00:18:27 --> 00:18:29
			It becomes an Oveian civilization
		
00:18:29 --> 00:18:32
			for 300 years. And because the Oveians are
		
00:18:32 --> 00:18:35
			now focused on Spain and Spain alone for
		
00:18:35 --> 00:18:36
			those 300 years,
		
00:18:36 --> 00:18:38
			they give it all of the time, all
		
00:18:38 --> 00:18:40
			of the attention, all of their resources, and
		
00:18:40 --> 00:18:41
			it grows into
		
00:18:42 --> 00:18:44
			one of the most powerful
		
00:18:44 --> 00:18:46
			and well developed civilizations
		
00:18:46 --> 00:18:48
			in the history of the world.
		
00:18:48 --> 00:18:51
			Right? We're talking about a land that was
		
00:18:51 --> 00:18:53
			ahead of its time every possible way.
		
00:18:54 --> 00:18:57
			The technology that existed in Spain at that
		
00:18:57 --> 00:18:58
			time was so advanced
		
00:18:58 --> 00:19:01
			that when Europeans from other lands was in
		
00:19:01 --> 00:19:04
			Spain, they thought it was match they thought
		
00:19:04 --> 00:19:06
			they were witnessing match. Right? You know, they
		
00:19:06 --> 00:19:09
			had automated fountains. They had water flowing through
		
00:19:09 --> 00:19:10
			the cities.
		
00:19:10 --> 00:19:12
			They had mechanical statues.
		
00:19:12 --> 00:19:15
			They had things that were just way ahead
		
00:19:15 --> 00:19:17
			of their time. And, again, the rest of
		
00:19:17 --> 00:19:18
			Europe is still in the dark ages. They
		
00:19:19 --> 00:19:21
			it's like a complete clash right. You go
		
00:19:21 --> 00:19:22
			to to to
		
00:19:23 --> 00:19:25
			England or any other part of Europe, and
		
00:19:25 --> 00:19:27
			people are still living in the olden days
		
00:19:27 --> 00:19:30
			in mud houses, not even parking, no universities,
		
00:19:30 --> 00:19:31
			no libraries.
		
00:19:32 --> 00:19:33
			And then you go to Spain, and you
		
00:19:33 --> 00:19:36
			have this well developed situate or, this well
		
00:19:36 --> 00:19:38
			developed country where you have universities,
		
00:19:39 --> 00:19:41
			you have libraries, you have
		
00:19:41 --> 00:19:43
			research centers, you have
		
00:19:43 --> 00:19:45
			experiences that are lit at night.
		
00:19:46 --> 00:19:47
			You have basically
		
00:19:47 --> 00:19:48
			a thriving
		
00:19:49 --> 00:19:52
			civilization. This really we've been talking about how
		
00:19:52 --> 00:19:53
			or why
		
00:19:53 --> 00:19:55
			is the history of Spain,
		
00:19:57 --> 00:19:58
			why and how is it,
		
00:19:59 --> 00:20:01
			important? It's not just important to Muslims.
		
00:20:02 --> 00:20:03
			It's important to Europe and to the whole
		
00:20:03 --> 00:20:06
			world because this is
		
00:20:07 --> 00:20:08
			where civilization
		
00:20:08 --> 00:20:11
			and science and technology is introduced to Europe.
		
00:20:12 --> 00:20:13
			The rest of the Europeans
		
00:20:14 --> 00:20:16
			don't know about these things before Spain.
		
00:20:17 --> 00:20:19
			Right? They start to study Arabic so they
		
00:20:19 --> 00:20:21
			can go to the University of Spain. It's
		
00:20:21 --> 00:20:23
			in the University of Spain here introduced to
		
00:20:23 --> 00:20:26
			science, introduced to medicine, introduced to technology,
		
00:20:26 --> 00:20:29
			introduced to the scientific method, introduced to philosophy.
		
00:20:30 --> 00:20:31
			And then they take these things back to
		
00:20:31 --> 00:20:33
			their lands, and then the renaissance happens and
		
00:20:33 --> 00:20:36
			the enlightenment happens. It's all because of the
		
00:20:36 --> 00:20:38
			Muslims and what the Muslims did in Spain
		
00:20:38 --> 00:20:41
			that the rest of Europe wakes up from
		
00:20:41 --> 00:20:43
			its saga, Egypt, and experiences its growth and
		
00:20:43 --> 00:20:45
			reaches the heights that it reaches later in
		
00:20:45 --> 00:20:46
			history.
		
00:20:50 --> 00:20:51
			Subhanallah.
		
00:20:51 --> 00:20:52
			Subhanallah.
		
00:20:53 --> 00:20:54
			Sheikh, let's talk a bit about, if we
		
00:20:54 --> 00:20:55
			can, misconceptions,
		
00:20:56 --> 00:20:57
			because we know that arises,
		
00:20:58 --> 00:21:01
			with, history as well and our understanding of
		
00:21:01 --> 00:21:02
			it.
		
00:21:02 --> 00:21:05
			But but here, specifically, let's talk about,
		
00:21:06 --> 00:21:08
			Muslim Spain. And how does the
		
00:21:08 --> 00:21:11
			history of Muslim Spain actually challenge
		
00:21:11 --> 00:21:12
			stereotypes
		
00:21:13 --> 00:21:13
			and misconceptions
		
00:21:14 --> 00:21:15
			about Islam?
		
00:21:16 --> 00:21:18
			And let's look at that maybe culturally as
		
00:21:18 --> 00:21:20
			well, please, if we can.
		
00:21:21 --> 00:21:22
			Yeah. I think there's
		
00:21:23 --> 00:21:25
			3 main misconceptions about Islam
		
00:21:26 --> 00:21:28
			that are radically challenged by the fact that
		
00:21:28 --> 00:21:30
			Muslim Spain existed for 700 years.
		
00:21:31 --> 00:21:33
			Number 1 is the lie that Islam is
		
00:21:33 --> 00:21:35
			intolerant towards other religions.
		
00:21:36 --> 00:21:39
			Right? The fact that Christians and Jews wanted
		
00:21:39 --> 00:21:41
			Muslims to take over their land so that
		
00:21:41 --> 00:21:42
			they could live in peace.
		
00:21:42 --> 00:21:44
			Not only that, when the Christians finally take
		
00:21:44 --> 00:21:45
			back,
		
00:21:46 --> 00:21:49
			Spain, the Jews plead to the Ottoman Empire
		
00:21:49 --> 00:21:51
			because they really believe the only place they
		
00:21:51 --> 00:21:53
			have full freedom of religion is under Muslim
		
00:21:53 --> 00:21:55
			rule. And so even when the Muslims lose
		
00:21:55 --> 00:21:56
			lose Spain, they all run away to the
		
00:21:56 --> 00:22:00
			Ottoman Empire as to remain under Muslim. So,
		
00:22:00 --> 00:22:01
			really, Spain is proof
		
00:22:02 --> 00:22:02
			that Muslims
		
00:22:03 --> 00:22:05
			solve the problem of religious violence and sectarianism
		
00:22:06 --> 00:22:07
			by creating a
		
00:22:08 --> 00:22:10
			a empire in which people could live in
		
00:22:10 --> 00:22:12
			peace regardless of their religion and even self
		
00:22:12 --> 00:22:15
			govern. And you would have Christian towns living
		
00:22:15 --> 00:22:18
			under Christian law and Jewish towns living under
		
00:22:18 --> 00:22:20
			Jewish law. All of that's perfectly fine because
		
00:22:20 --> 00:22:22
			they take their jizya, and they have the
		
00:22:22 --> 00:22:24
			right to full freedom of religion under Islamic
		
00:22:24 --> 00:22:27
			law. So the idea that Islam is intolerant
		
00:22:27 --> 00:22:29
			to other religions, this is incorrect. We believe
		
00:22:29 --> 00:22:31
			Islam is the true religion. We want people
		
00:22:31 --> 00:22:32
			to raise the true religion. We want people
		
00:22:32 --> 00:22:34
			to go to paradise, but we don't force
		
00:22:34 --> 00:22:37
			it to others. And our system is designed
		
00:22:37 --> 00:22:38
			such that people actually
		
00:22:38 --> 00:22:39
			historically
		
00:22:40 --> 00:22:41
			felt that that was the land where they
		
00:22:41 --> 00:22:43
			received the most freedom of religion. That's number
		
00:22:43 --> 00:22:46
			1, the the misconception that Muslims are in
		
00:22:46 --> 00:22:47
			parliament,
		
00:22:48 --> 00:22:50
			to other religions. The second misconception, this exists
		
00:22:50 --> 00:22:53
			amongst Muslims, is this idea that,
		
00:22:54 --> 00:22:56
			you can either be Islamic or you can
		
00:22:56 --> 00:22:58
			succeed in worldly sciences. Right? This is a
		
00:22:58 --> 00:23:00
			very strange misconception
		
00:23:00 --> 00:23:02
			that popped up in the past 100 years
		
00:23:02 --> 00:23:03
			that,
		
00:23:03 --> 00:23:05
			like, if you're Islamic, you have to be
		
00:23:05 --> 00:23:06
			a mala or something.
		
00:23:06 --> 00:23:08
			And if you're, like, going into
		
00:23:09 --> 00:23:11
			science, medicine, and stuff, you have to be
		
00:23:11 --> 00:23:12
			secular.
		
00:23:12 --> 00:23:15
			This is, again, a product of
		
00:23:15 --> 00:23:17
			the western modernization.
		
00:23:18 --> 00:23:21
			Islamically and historically, we've never had any problem
		
00:23:21 --> 00:23:23
			with science of any type.
		
00:23:23 --> 00:23:27
			Muslims have always viewed science and worldly developments
		
00:23:27 --> 00:23:29
			as something that our deed encourages.
		
00:23:29 --> 00:23:30
			Our deed encourages
		
00:23:31 --> 00:23:33
			encourages us to pursue and develop all beneficial
		
00:23:34 --> 00:23:36
			knowledge. We did never see it as contradicting
		
00:23:36 --> 00:23:38
			our religion. And this is why during the
		
00:23:38 --> 00:23:41
			Muslim golden ages, Muslims led the world
		
00:23:41 --> 00:23:44
			every scientific field, including in Spain. Many of
		
00:23:44 --> 00:23:45
			the most important scientific
		
00:23:48 --> 00:23:51
			space. So this idea that will that Islam
		
00:23:51 --> 00:23:53
			is like this backwards religion that's averse to
		
00:23:53 --> 00:23:54
			science, this is a
		
00:23:55 --> 00:23:57
			oriental stereotype that is completely
		
00:23:57 --> 00:24:00
			proven untrue when you study the history of
		
00:24:00 --> 00:24:01
			Spain or Baghdad
		
00:24:01 --> 00:24:02
			or even the Ottoman Empire.
		
00:24:03 --> 00:24:05
			The third misconception, which is the one you
		
00:24:05 --> 00:24:06
			mentioned, is the issue of culture,
		
00:24:06 --> 00:24:09
			and it is a misconception that exists amongst
		
00:24:09 --> 00:24:09
			Muslims.
		
00:24:10 --> 00:24:13
			Many Muslims today see Islam as a monoculture.
		
00:24:13 --> 00:24:15
			They think that if you become a a
		
00:24:15 --> 00:24:17
			practicing Muslim, then it means you have to
		
00:24:17 --> 00:24:18
			embrace
		
00:24:18 --> 00:24:20
			a specific culture. In some parts of the
		
00:24:20 --> 00:24:22
			world, they assume it's Arab culture. In other
		
00:24:22 --> 00:24:24
			parts of the world, you know, like in
		
00:24:24 --> 00:24:26
			South Africa, many of them assume it's Indian
		
00:24:27 --> 00:24:28
			culture. And this is
		
00:24:29 --> 00:24:29
			incorrect.
		
00:24:30 --> 00:24:31
			Islam is multicultural.
		
00:24:32 --> 00:24:32
			Islam
		
00:24:32 --> 00:24:34
			allows for cultural diversity.
		
00:24:35 --> 00:24:38
			What you would find historically is any land
		
00:24:38 --> 00:24:38
			that the Muslims
		
00:24:39 --> 00:24:41
			conquer or the Muslims move to,
		
00:24:42 --> 00:24:42
			they never
		
00:24:43 --> 00:24:45
			mess with the culture of that land.
		
00:24:46 --> 00:24:48
			Rather, the culture of that would become
		
00:24:49 --> 00:24:52
			Islamic in the sense that any aspect of
		
00:24:52 --> 00:24:53
			that culture that was without
		
00:24:54 --> 00:24:56
			without without any other aspect would
		
00:24:56 --> 00:24:57
			become
		
00:24:57 --> 00:24:58
			more
		
00:25:09 --> 00:25:11
			the local culture is the deciding factor,
		
00:25:11 --> 00:25:14
			meaning you're not allowed to import foreign cultures.
		
00:25:22 --> 00:25:23
			Country. And so
		
00:25:24 --> 00:25:26
			what you find in when the Muslims conquer
		
00:25:26 --> 00:25:27
			Spain
		
00:25:27 --> 00:25:30
			is there there is no attempt to paralyze
		
00:25:31 --> 00:25:34
			Spain. Rather, what develops Spain is the first
		
00:25:34 --> 00:25:35
			truly
		
00:25:35 --> 00:25:36
			European
		
00:25:36 --> 00:25:37
			Muslim civilization
		
00:25:38 --> 00:25:39
			with its own architecture,
		
00:25:40 --> 00:25:41
			its own culture,
		
00:25:41 --> 00:25:43
			its own form of entertainment,
		
00:25:44 --> 00:25:45
			its own system of universities
		
00:25:46 --> 00:25:49
			and government. It's a completely different world from
		
00:25:50 --> 00:25:51
			Baghdad or Egypt.
		
00:25:52 --> 00:25:54
			Then the travel in that time will be
		
00:25:54 --> 00:25:57
			amazed at how culturally diverse the Muslim world
		
00:25:57 --> 00:25:58
			was.
		
00:25:59 --> 00:26:01
			You can really read, for example, the channels
		
00:26:01 --> 00:26:03
			of of even Jubei. Even Jubei was
		
00:26:03 --> 00:26:06
			many people know what even Batautta is travels.
		
00:26:06 --> 00:26:09
			Even Jubei was actually a traveler from Islamic
		
00:26:24 --> 00:26:26
			is something we need to revive. We need
		
00:26:26 --> 00:26:27
			to become more
		
00:26:28 --> 00:26:28
			tolerant
		
00:26:29 --> 00:26:31
			to the cultural diversity of Islam.
		
00:26:31 --> 00:26:33
			It's fine. Culturally,
		
00:26:33 --> 00:26:36
			Islam looks different in Turkey, Indonesia,
		
00:26:36 --> 00:26:37
			Arabia,
		
00:26:37 --> 00:26:38
			India, North Africa,
		
00:27:03 --> 00:27:07
			I mean, what example of that? The design
		
00:27:07 --> 00:27:10
			of the children know we, Jay, you know,
		
00:27:10 --> 00:27:11
			when we go to what we know with
		
00:27:11 --> 00:27:13
			the, you know, blown away by
		
00:27:20 --> 00:27:21
			The and
		
00:27:21 --> 00:27:23
			the analysis that we saw in Spain will
		
00:27:23 --> 00:27:24
			be something like that.
		
00:27:24 --> 00:27:27
			People who channeled the in Spain are so
		
00:27:27 --> 00:27:29
			blown away by the beautiful for a perpetual
		
00:27:30 --> 00:27:32
			development plan that they importantly
		
00:27:32 --> 00:27:35
			on Spain to Marina, and we design based
		
00:27:36 --> 00:27:38
			on the established competence of the rights.
		
00:27:39 --> 00:27:40
			Also, even till today, if you go to
		
00:27:40 --> 00:27:42
			Spain and you visit the ancient Muslims that
		
00:27:42 --> 00:27:43
			have been converted into churches,
		
00:27:44 --> 00:27:46
			they look in many ways like Muslim
		
00:27:47 --> 00:27:48
			because
		
00:27:48 --> 00:27:51
			that's the exact same language. It's not only
		
00:27:51 --> 00:27:54
			the Islam's fame develops in culture, it also
		
00:27:54 --> 00:27:56
			influences other culture as well as the community
		
00:27:56 --> 00:27:56
			itself.
		
00:27:58 --> 00:27:58
			Absolutely.
		
00:28:01 --> 00:28:04
			Shehil points out some very important points, and
		
00:28:04 --> 00:28:05
			I think, you know, we've talked about this
		
00:28:05 --> 00:28:06
			on previous,
		
00:28:07 --> 00:28:10
			interviews, dialogues with you about,
		
00:28:10 --> 00:28:12
			this whole cultural misconception
		
00:28:12 --> 00:28:15
			that Islam belongs to a certain
		
00:28:16 --> 00:28:19
			group or race, and I think that that
		
00:28:19 --> 00:28:21
			fought so much of our Dawah efforts when
		
00:28:21 --> 00:28:23
			we look at it in that way. So
		
00:28:23 --> 00:28:25
			Jazakullah Kaye for bringing up these very relevant
		
00:28:25 --> 00:28:26
			points,
		
00:28:26 --> 00:28:28
			and I think the change begins with the
		
00:28:28 --> 00:28:29
			awareness.
		
00:28:29 --> 00:28:30
			And and
		
00:28:31 --> 00:28:33
			from there, to make the changes, affect the
		
00:28:33 --> 00:28:33
			changes
		
00:28:34 --> 00:28:36
			we need in our societies and our homes,
		
00:28:36 --> 00:28:37
			first and foremost,
		
00:28:37 --> 00:28:40
			to create those, mindset changes that were on
		
00:28:40 --> 00:28:41
			short form.
		
00:28:41 --> 00:28:44
			If we can talk a bit, Sheikh, about
		
00:28:44 --> 00:28:45
			the decline
		
00:28:45 --> 00:28:47
			of Muslim rule in Spain, and then we
		
00:28:47 --> 00:28:48
			have the,
		
00:28:48 --> 00:28:49
			Reconquista,
		
00:28:50 --> 00:28:51
			what
		
00:28:51 --> 00:28:52
			reflections
		
00:28:52 --> 00:28:55
			or would you say what what does history
		
00:28:55 --> 00:28:56
			offer us,
		
00:28:57 --> 00:28:58
			as Muslims
		
00:28:58 --> 00:29:01
			about the importance of unity, about being
		
00:29:01 --> 00:29:03
			steadfast in our day being,
		
00:29:04 --> 00:29:07
			when it comes to this chapter of history.
		
00:29:08 --> 00:29:10
			An important question. So
		
00:29:10 --> 00:29:13
			So this is the reason for this week
		
00:29:13 --> 00:29:16
			because we see the once 300 400 years,
		
00:29:16 --> 00:29:18
			the political of Muslim civilization.
		
00:29:19 --> 00:29:19
			Right?
		
00:29:36 --> 00:29:39
			And so we have this glorious history, but
		
00:29:39 --> 00:29:40
			it is following a readout
		
00:29:41 --> 00:29:43
			and tragic history.
		
00:29:43 --> 00:29:45
			Spain is the first
		
00:29:45 --> 00:29:48
			wholesale empire to fall completely and to be
		
00:29:48 --> 00:29:49
			lost in other states.
		
00:29:50 --> 00:29:52
			In the past of 7 100 years before
		
00:29:52 --> 00:29:53
			the recompest
		
00:30:00 --> 00:30:03
			And that was the possibility issue that Muslims
		
00:30:03 --> 00:30:05
			have lost a major. Example, I find the
		
00:30:05 --> 00:30:06
			issue recently always concrete.
		
00:30:07 --> 00:30:09
			I think most of them became complacent.
		
00:30:10 --> 00:30:11
			I began to feel like if if Allah
		
00:30:11 --> 00:30:13
			will just then be taking it away from
		
00:30:13 --> 00:30:15
			us. I just became the,
		
00:30:16 --> 00:30:18
			what? Muslims that made a place.
		
00:30:25 --> 00:30:27
			Go back to being
		
00:30:27 --> 00:30:28
			a a a.
		
00:30:29 --> 00:30:31
			So the events leading up to it can
		
00:30:31 --> 00:30:33
			be categorized into
		
00:30:34 --> 00:30:36
			4 categories. Right? Well, of which citizens,
		
00:30:37 --> 00:30:40
			make economies lose their power. Number 1 is
		
00:30:40 --> 00:30:43
			greed. People became greedy for power. They became
		
00:30:43 --> 00:30:46
			greedy greedy for power. Spain was seen as
		
00:30:47 --> 00:30:47
			this lucrative
		
00:30:48 --> 00:30:51
			land that was worth a lot of money.
		
00:30:52 --> 00:30:55
			People rarely become the healthiest. You can
		
00:30:55 --> 00:30:57
			control this land.
		
00:30:57 --> 00:30:58
			And so this is a big as a
		
00:30:58 --> 00:31:01
			fighting to uphold this land. And this.
		
00:31:03 --> 00:31:05
			Between the Muslim also
		
00:31:06 --> 00:31:06
			in the greed,
		
00:31:07 --> 00:31:07
			they,
		
00:31:09 --> 00:31:10
			can do a more money.
		
00:31:12 --> 00:31:13
			The way to this, what's the Arianism,
		
00:31:14 --> 00:31:17
			Muslims in Spain break out into different ways
		
00:31:17 --> 00:31:17
			that have
		
00:31:19 --> 00:31:20
			in regency basically.
		
00:31:21 --> 00:31:23
			Because in Spain, you now have the Spanish
		
00:31:23 --> 00:31:26
			Muslims, the Arab Muslims, the non African Muslims.
		
00:31:33 --> 00:31:34
			It off
		
00:31:53 --> 00:31:54
			the complacency
		
00:31:54 --> 00:31:56
			that comes with too much
		
00:31:56 --> 00:31:59
			power. And obviously, soft times create big men.
		
00:32:00 --> 00:32:01
			So stop
		
00:32:01 --> 00:32:03
			explaining the essential type of
		
00:32:03 --> 00:32:04
			civilizational
		
00:32:04 --> 00:32:06
			development and glory.
		
00:32:06 --> 00:32:09
			Like, at one point in time, the Muslim
		
00:32:09 --> 00:32:09
			of Spain
		
00:32:10 --> 00:32:12
			are the richest, the wealthiest
		
00:32:12 --> 00:32:12
			civilization
		
00:32:13 --> 00:32:15
			on Earth. And with that comes all kinds
		
00:32:15 --> 00:32:16
			of luxuries
		
00:32:16 --> 00:32:18
			that you need about the lives of Muslim
		
00:32:18 --> 00:32:19
			in Spain. At a
		
00:32:35 --> 00:32:35
			right,
		
00:32:36 --> 00:32:38
			Muslims are not put up in Judea and
		
00:32:38 --> 00:32:38
			Jamesonens,
		
00:32:39 --> 00:32:39
			there's sectarianism,
		
00:32:40 --> 00:32:43
			there's freedom, there's racism, there's unity, the Christians
		
00:32:43 --> 00:32:44
			fighting each other to power.
		
00:32:45 --> 00:32:46
			At the same time,
		
00:32:46 --> 00:32:49
			the European world is making up. The crusades
		
00:32:49 --> 00:32:52
			are taking place. The recoque are taking place.
		
00:32:52 --> 00:32:53
			Europe is now coming.
		
00:33:02 --> 00:33:04
			Completely conquered. Muslims
		
00:33:06 --> 00:33:09
			either kept back to the the minority workforce
		
00:33:18 --> 00:33:20
			I wouldn't have been 200 years where no
		
00:33:20 --> 00:33:23
			Islam meant to stay at home. It's just
		
00:33:23 --> 00:33:24
			completely inadequate.
		
00:33:25 --> 00:33:26
			This is
		
00:33:26 --> 00:33:29
			perhaps one of the 3 greatest tragedies in
		
00:33:29 --> 00:33:30
			the history of Islam.
		
00:33:31 --> 00:33:33
			But these 3 great tragedies that caused the
		
00:33:33 --> 00:33:34
			downfall
		
00:33:58 --> 00:33:58
			nations
		
00:33:59 --> 00:34:00
			actually lost
		
00:34:01 --> 00:34:01
			their Muslims.
		
00:34:02 --> 00:34:05
			And those matter completely Christian again as if
		
00:34:05 --> 00:34:06
			they saw it again. And
		
00:34:07 --> 00:34:09
			that is really one of the biggest and
		
00:34:09 --> 00:34:11
			saddest strategies in history of Islam.
		
00:34:14 --> 00:34:15
			Indeed. Indeed.
		
00:34:16 --> 00:34:18
			Lastly, Sheikh, if we if we look
		
00:34:19 --> 00:34:20
			at Muslim Spain,
		
00:34:20 --> 00:34:23
			and the lessons we can learn from there,
		
00:34:23 --> 00:34:25
			particularly to do with justice and ethics.
		
00:34:28 --> 00:34:29
			Could you help us
		
00:34:29 --> 00:34:31
			understand more of that, maybe summarize that for
		
00:34:31 --> 00:34:34
			us? Then on a practical level, what does
		
00:34:34 --> 00:34:36
			this part of our history
		
00:34:36 --> 00:34:38
			teach us when it comes to ethics and
		
00:34:38 --> 00:34:39
			justice?
		
00:34:40 --> 00:34:43
			And, also, I think connecting to heritage on
		
00:34:43 --> 00:34:45
			that level, which is so important. Yeah.
		
00:34:47 --> 00:34:49
			That's on the heritage. Right? Many of us
		
00:34:49 --> 00:34:52
			are completely disconnected from the from from what
		
00:34:52 --> 00:34:54
			what Muslim Spain gave over to someone.
		
00:34:55 --> 00:34:56
			I'll just give a few names that people
		
00:34:56 --> 00:34:57
			can look into
		
00:34:58 --> 00:35:00
			to to reconnect with our history of Islamic
		
00:35:00 --> 00:35:02
			Spain. I mentioned earlier,
		
00:35:05 --> 00:35:06
			and that's great,
		
00:35:09 --> 00:35:10
			well, the 2 leaders.
		
00:35:10 --> 00:35:12
			And then I mentioned also Abdul Rashni with
		
00:35:12 --> 00:35:15
			his amazing story. How do we recommend people
		
00:35:15 --> 00:35:17
			selling the biography of Abdul Rahman 3rd,
		
00:35:25 --> 00:35:27
			Beyond that, another great aim to look into
		
00:35:27 --> 00:35:29
			and learn about is even Hazal.
		
00:35:29 --> 00:35:31
			Even Hazal developed his own while
		
00:35:33 --> 00:35:34
			Actually, I have some of the folks who
		
00:35:34 --> 00:35:35
			would think he was one of the most
		
00:35:36 --> 00:35:38
			one of the greatest minds that Islamic's been
		
00:35:38 --> 00:35:40
			confused. And the very beautiful book on the
		
00:35:40 --> 00:35:42
			philosophy of love, I can translate it into
		
00:35:42 --> 00:35:44
			English. It's just one of my favorite reads.
		
00:35:45 --> 00:35:46
			Imam al Kuntubi.
		
00:35:46 --> 00:35:48
			Imam al Kuntubi. So Spain eventually became a
		
00:35:48 --> 00:35:51
			Baliki empire. And in that Maliki empire, Imam
		
00:35:51 --> 00:35:53
			Al Kutubi was one of the greatest minds.
		
00:35:54 --> 00:35:54
			He produced,
		
00:35:55 --> 00:35:57
			some amazing works. So another book that I
		
00:35:57 --> 00:35:58
			have by is
		
00:35:58 --> 00:35:59
			the of
		
00:36:01 --> 00:36:02
			which is basically
		
00:36:02 --> 00:36:02
			a
		
00:36:03 --> 00:36:03
			Tafsir.
		
00:36:04 --> 00:36:07
			Very fascinating work. Again, written in Islamic Spain.
		
00:36:07 --> 00:36:08
			Right?
		
00:36:08 --> 00:36:10
			Even is another good name to look at.
		
00:36:10 --> 00:36:12
			We spoke on the channel to
		
00:36:12 --> 00:36:15
			even translate into English while worth looking into.
		
00:36:15 --> 00:36:17
			Even Rosh, the father of philosophy,
		
00:36:17 --> 00:36:19
			also was of Islamic faith.
		
00:36:19 --> 00:36:20
			Even Al Aghida,
		
00:36:21 --> 00:36:23
			the man who discovered optics. We wouldn't really
		
00:36:23 --> 00:36:25
			have our glasses and things today without him.
		
00:36:25 --> 00:36:28
			He discovered how the eyes work. He also
		
00:36:28 --> 00:36:30
			invented the scientific method, which is what all
		
00:36:30 --> 00:36:31
			of modern science in both of them. He
		
00:36:31 --> 00:36:32
			was from Spain.
		
00:36:33 --> 00:36:36
			Even Filmar, the first human to ever attempt
		
00:36:36 --> 00:36:39
			to fly, was also from Spain. So this
		
00:36:39 --> 00:36:40
			is the,
		
00:36:40 --> 00:36:42
			this is the,
		
00:36:42 --> 00:36:43
			history of,
		
00:36:44 --> 00:36:47
			this is the legacy of Muslim Spain that,
		
00:36:47 --> 00:36:48
			we have this
		
00:36:49 --> 00:36:52
			these great minds of technology in every possible
		
00:36:52 --> 00:36:53
			field of science,
		
00:36:54 --> 00:36:54
			to technology,
		
00:36:56 --> 00:36:58
			to it's a fear.
		
00:37:00 --> 00:37:02
			This is in the energy of Islamic State
		
00:37:02 --> 00:37:04
			that we need to create Canadian architecture as
		
00:37:04 --> 00:37:06
			well, very beautiful architecture
		
00:37:06 --> 00:37:07
			that is
		
00:37:07 --> 00:37:08
			absolutely fascinating.
		
00:37:09 --> 00:37:10
			And then finally, we come to the issue
		
00:37:10 --> 00:37:11
			of justice.
		
00:37:11 --> 00:37:14
			Right? The whole reason why Julian Christian
		
00:37:15 --> 00:37:16
			wanted the Muslim to
		
00:37:17 --> 00:37:18
			invade Spain
		
00:37:18 --> 00:37:22
			was because they they trusted the justice of
		
00:37:22 --> 00:37:22
			Muslims.
		
00:37:23 --> 00:37:24
			The way
		
00:37:24 --> 00:37:27
			the Islamic empire works is very different from
		
00:37:27 --> 00:37:30
			modern state, very different from a modern country.
		
00:37:30 --> 00:37:32
			The governments don't control everything.
		
00:37:41 --> 00:37:44
			They guard the borders and expand the empire.
		
00:37:45 --> 00:37:47
			They ensure that Sharia is the law of
		
00:37:47 --> 00:37:47
			the land.
		
00:37:48 --> 00:37:52
			That's it. That's the rule of of of
		
00:37:52 --> 00:37:55
			the. Beyond that, every land becomes sovereign. You
		
00:37:55 --> 00:37:58
			have your tribal leaders. You have your chief.
		
00:37:58 --> 00:38:00
			You have your chiefs. You have your admirates.
		
00:38:01 --> 00:38:02
			You have your governors.
		
00:38:03 --> 00:38:04
			And
		
00:38:04 --> 00:38:06
			it's left up to the people
		
00:38:06 --> 00:38:08
			to to learn their life as they want.
		
00:38:09 --> 00:38:11
			If anything goes wrong, we can write to
		
00:38:11 --> 00:38:12
			the media, and we'll try to solve their
		
00:38:12 --> 00:38:14
			problem. But for the most part,
		
00:38:14 --> 00:38:16
			Islam trusts people to
		
00:38:17 --> 00:38:18
			take care of their own land and take
		
00:38:18 --> 00:38:19
			care of their own people. There's not much
		
00:38:19 --> 00:38:22
			government interference in how you live your life.
		
00:38:23 --> 00:38:23
			Right?
		
00:38:24 --> 00:38:25
			So for example,
		
00:38:25 --> 00:38:27
			under Muslims in Spain,
		
00:38:27 --> 00:38:29
			Christians have their own house,
		
00:38:29 --> 00:38:32
			and each town would have its own denomination
		
00:38:32 --> 00:38:33
			of Christianity.
		
00:38:33 --> 00:38:36
			And they had full freedom of religion to
		
00:38:36 --> 00:38:38
			the level that they could even apply Christian
		
00:38:39 --> 00:38:40
			criminal law
		
00:38:40 --> 00:38:42
			to people who converted to
		
00:38:42 --> 00:38:44
			blacks. They would have a Christian judge meeting
		
00:38:44 --> 00:38:46
			over that land. It was the same with
		
00:38:46 --> 00:38:48
			the Jewish town and the Jewish neighborhoods.
		
00:38:49 --> 00:38:50
			So in this
		
00:38:51 --> 00:38:54
			way, Islam created a level of justice, a
		
00:38:54 --> 00:38:56
			level of religion that the world has never
		
00:38:56 --> 00:38:56
			seen.
		
00:38:58 --> 00:39:01
			This this is what attracted people to Islam.
		
00:39:02 --> 00:39:03
			This is one of the main reasons
		
00:39:05 --> 00:39:07
			why most of the lands in the Muslim
		
00:39:07 --> 00:39:09
			conquered people welcomed the conquest.
		
00:39:09 --> 00:39:12
			So it was replacing the unjust system of
		
00:39:12 --> 00:39:14
			the tyrannical empires of the past
		
00:39:14 --> 00:39:15
			with a,
		
00:39:17 --> 00:39:18
			Islam system
		
00:39:19 --> 00:39:21
			that was more just than anything humans have
		
00:39:21 --> 00:39:22
			said before.
		
00:39:22 --> 00:39:24
			We, in our own personal lives, need to
		
00:39:24 --> 00:39:26
			live by this justice today,
		
00:39:26 --> 00:39:28
			that we are responsible
		
00:39:28 --> 00:39:30
			for how we treat the people around us.
		
00:39:30 --> 00:39:31
			The prophet
		
00:39:31 --> 00:39:33
			say every single one of you is a
		
00:39:33 --> 00:39:35
			leader. Imagine the leader only is household. A
		
00:39:35 --> 00:39:37
			woman is a leader over her children and
		
00:39:37 --> 00:39:39
			the workers in the household will not turn
		
00:39:39 --> 00:39:41
			it away. Everyone is a leader. Everyone is
		
00:39:41 --> 00:39:42
			responsible
		
00:39:42 --> 00:39:44
			for their flock. So
		
00:39:44 --> 00:39:46
			we all have positions in our life where
		
00:39:46 --> 00:39:48
			we are responsible for others. If we have
		
00:39:48 --> 00:39:50
			to be judged towards them. We will be
		
00:39:50 --> 00:39:52
			responsible to allow them to deal with that
		
00:39:52 --> 00:39:54
			for how we take 3 total positions of
		
00:39:54 --> 00:39:55
			leadership.
		
00:39:56 --> 00:39:57
			This is one of the most important things
		
00:39:57 --> 00:39:58
			that we can take from,
		
00:39:59 --> 00:40:02
			with some conquest of Spain, how they lose
		
00:40:02 --> 00:40:04
			Spain, how we develop during the time.
		
00:40:06 --> 00:40:07
			Absolutely.
		
00:40:08 --> 00:40:10
			You allowed us to go back into history
		
00:40:10 --> 00:40:12
			with you, but also brought us back to
		
00:40:12 --> 00:40:15
			the present moment and the changes that we
		
00:40:15 --> 00:40:16
			can make overgrowth
		
00:40:16 --> 00:40:17
			we can make,
		
00:40:17 --> 00:40:19
			in our own lives so that we can,
		
00:40:20 --> 00:40:23
			we can take benefit from that and also
		
00:40:23 --> 00:40:25
			draw on the lessons and the meanings from
		
00:40:25 --> 00:40:26
			there.
		
00:40:27 --> 00:40:29
			Sheikh also had mentioned to us in terms
		
00:40:29 --> 00:40:31
			of reading further and learning more, ibn Hazm
		
00:40:32 --> 00:40:33
			and Al Qutabi
		
00:40:33 --> 00:40:36
			and Abdul Rahman the third. These were references
		
00:40:36 --> 00:40:38
			that Sheikh made. At the early part in
		
00:40:38 --> 00:40:40
			the early part of our interview with Sheikh,
		
00:40:41 --> 00:40:43
			he talked about the difference between,
		
00:40:44 --> 00:40:45
			the phrase Islamic history
		
00:40:45 --> 00:40:47
			and Muslim history, and that for me was
		
00:40:47 --> 00:40:49
			very profound. So if you have missed that,
		
00:40:49 --> 00:40:51
			as soon as the program will be up
		
00:40:51 --> 00:40:53
			on podcast, we can go back and play
		
00:40:53 --> 00:40:54
			back on that.
		
00:40:54 --> 00:40:57
			And very, very important that we understand the
		
00:40:57 --> 00:40:59
			difference because there is a difference between the
		
00:40:59 --> 00:41:01
			2. It has been such an honor to
		
00:41:01 --> 00:41:03
			have you with us today on the program
		
00:41:03 --> 00:41:05
			and to be able to learn more about
		
00:41:05 --> 00:41:06
			Minslave Spain,
		
00:41:06 --> 00:41:09
			with you and the lessons we gained from
		
00:41:09 --> 00:41:11
			there and to learn more about this part
		
00:41:11 --> 00:41:12
			of Muslim history.
		
00:41:13 --> 00:41:14
			May
		
00:41:15 --> 00:41:17
			Allah accept from us and from you, and
		
00:41:17 --> 00:41:19
			we look forward to learning from you in
		
00:41:19 --> 00:41:22
			the future. Allah grant Baraka in your health
		
00:41:22 --> 00:41:23
			and and grant you afiyah.
		
00:41:33 --> 00:41:35
			On the program today, we heard from Sheikh
		
00:41:35 --> 00:41:36
			Ismail Kamda.
		
00:41:37 --> 00:41:39
			Sheikh talked to us about Muslim history of
		
00:41:39 --> 00:41:41
			Spain. We learned more about the,
		
00:41:42 --> 00:41:45
			the the Muslim rule in Spain, how it
		
00:41:45 --> 00:41:48
			contributed to different elements of kinds and culture.
		
00:41:49 --> 00:41:50
			We also learned more about,
		
00:41:52 --> 00:41:54
			how the history of Muslim Spain actually challenges
		
00:41:55 --> 00:41:56
			our misconceptions
		
00:41:56 --> 00:41:57
			about
		
00:41:58 --> 00:41:58
			cultures,
		
00:41:59 --> 00:42:01
			interacting other cultures, and about Islam.
		
00:42:02 --> 00:42:04
			We learned more about the lessons from the
		
00:42:04 --> 00:42:05
			decline of Muslim rule in Spain and practical
		
00:42:05 --> 00:42:05
			reminders,
		
00:42:13 --> 00:42:14
			about connecting
		
00:42:15 --> 00:42:17
			about connecting to our heritage.
		
00:42:18 --> 00:42:19
			The program will be up on podcast on
		
00:42:19 --> 00:42:21
			Radio Islam's website, and you can follow that
		
00:42:21 --> 00:42:25
			for more. Sheikh's latest book is 25 Keys
		
00:42:25 --> 00:42:27
			to a Happy Life from Quran at Sunnah.
		
00:42:27 --> 00:42:30
			Islamic self help with the website, and you
		
00:42:30 --> 00:42:32
			can find out more about this as a
		
00:42:32 --> 00:42:35
			academy and sheikh's works at Yaqeen
		
00:42:35 --> 00:42:36
			Institute.
		
00:42:36 --> 00:42:38
			We look forward to joining you next week
		
00:42:38 --> 00:42:40
			for another program as we continue to explore
		
00:42:41 --> 00:42:43
			our history. Until then, Assalamu alaikum.