Hamzah Wald Maqbul – Hajj Workshop I
AI: Summary ©
AI: Transcript ©
So, brother Sharif, do you mind doing me
a favor?
Do you know where the pens are? The
markers?
Pen. Yeah. In the office. They're like in
a black sleeve.
Or yeah.
Yeah. Thing. Yeah. Up on one of the
shelves. I think it's above where I sit
or somewhere near that.
So we,
we'll go through for the next this week
and then the 2 weeks after it, I
think, is what it'll take.
We'll go through the of Hajj.
It's kind of jumping
a little bit,
jumping the order a little bit. Where we
were in the, we would normally have started,
the Akham of Tahara, the rulings regarding ritual
purification after
finishing with a basic exposition of the
the and the beliefs of Islam.
But since Hajj is around the corner
and there are certain people who are going
on Hajj, you asked for Hajj workshops.
Strangely enough, none of whom are here.
Like, literally, none of whom are here.
He will go through the the Hakam of
Hajj.
The the preservation of the knowledge
is a is a,
a on
the
And the,
learning of the knowledge in and of itself
is an act of piety and it's a
good deed that's
greater in magnitude than
reading,
raka'at of nafil or for keeping extra fast
or things like that.
So even if you're not going on Hajj
this year, even if you don't know when
you're going on Hajj, it's still good to
know, learn this knowledge
and to preserve this knowledge because it has
a a life of its own inside the
heart.
And,
it will,
you know,
earn for someone, garner for someone an amount
of reward that may not be,
easily earned through other channels, other means.
There are people
there are people historically who have written
books, authoritative books on the
fiqhaj
who'd never seen the the Haram before.
They lived full lives and never saw Mecca,
never saw Medina,
almost to a comical degree.
They say that one of one of the
one of the,
famous,
he wrote a book on, on Hajj.
I don't want to mention the name.
So you wrote a very comprehensive and authoritative
book on Hajj that was accepted by the
the people of Makkamukarama.
They especially liked it.
And so what happened was he had never
been to Hajj before.
So when he arrived,
in Mecca,
he started to make he started making tawaf.
He started to walk around the Kaaba.
He's walking the wrong direction.
And so a kid stops him and says,
you're going the wrong direction.
Says, who are you? What's your proof?
Who are you? How do you know? You
know? Why are you telling me what to
do? So what's your proof? So I read
the book of Sheikh so and so, and
he says it very explicit. It's one of
the first thing he says in the book
that your,
left side should be facing Kaaba at all
times.
Right? So,
that's the the point is is that, okay,
if you are going to Hajj, that's great.
If you're not going to Hajj, still there's
some there's a lot you can benefit out
of learning this knowledge.
And a lot of it is
more than just superficial.
So,
with that, we'll start.
The book that we use for
the
chapter regarding Hajj and Umrah, I actually translated
a number of years ago
out of, Arabic into English. And so it's
we're reading from the same book that we
usually have Darshan. It's just that I took
the book home, and I printed out the
the translation in the
footnotes.
So to make Hajj
Hajj means
in Arabic to make a trip,
and it also needs to make an attention.
So the word Hajj
from its meanings
is pilgrimage.
And the word Hajj used to be used
for the pilgrimage to the house of Allah,
from the time of Jahiliyyah as well.
It is our
it's our belief that the Hajj to the
house of Allah
is an institution
not started by Sayna Ibrahim, alayhis salam, but
it's an institution that was started by Sayna
Adam, alayhis salam.
Alayhi wa sallam. And Sayna Adam alayhi wa
sallam, when he was put down onto this
earth, he asked Allah,
for some
relief from the
difficulty of having been
in Jannah and having felt the presence of
Allah and the free ability to communicate with
him,
to call upon him and to receive answer
as well.
And so
what happened was Allah put down,
in this place. He told him to come
to this place and put down in this
place in
a,
as it were, a small part of the
garden.
There's a celestial Kaaba. The Kaaba that we
see right now, you see, like, there's this
picture here, there's a picture in the back.
This Kaaba is
like a very mundane looking Kaaba.
There was in the place of a celestial
Kaaba, something that looked heavenly.
And one of the reasons it's called Haram.
Haram means like a sanctuary. Right? That it
was actually like a part of Jannah that
was put down onto the earth,
into that place. And the messenger the satan
Adam alaihis salatu sama was told
that if you if you miss me and
would like to
be in my presence again,
then come into come into this place
in the manner that
a person of Jannah would enter into this
place. Meaning, you don't use the restroom.
You don't
you don't curse. You don't eat and drink.
You don't use produce profanity. You don't you
you come in the in the of Jannah
as if you're a person of Jannah, that
you're entering into Jannah, and
you observe the the of the purity,
and you enter the Edenic state,
the state of the people of Jannah
for some time. And when you have to,
do your perform your human functions,
then you leave.
And then when you want to come back,
you can come back also in this manner.
And so this was a place that he
could go and and and
have
the kind of celestial communion with Allah
that he used to enjoy in Jannah. And
the Prophet
they enjoyed this,
they enjoyed this,
this privilege of of of having communion with
Allah,
in this world,
in this place.
And so what happened is in the time
of Sayyidina Nuh
when the flood came,
that idamic
haram was lifted from the earth,
and it was put into
a a maqam between in the lowest of
the heavens,
which is referred to in the Quran,
Surah And it's a place where the angels
to this day, they perform
a type of pilgrimage.
And,
the spot was marked by that,
the spot was marked,
for that place. And the spot the place
remained holy, but
the the physical
campus of that that that sanctuary was really
lifted up and taken into
into the the the the first of the
heavens.
And,
this is our
this is our belief that the
most if not all of them performed Hajj
at some point or another.
It comes in the testir of the Quran
that say, Nanu alaymus, salatu wa sallam actually
visited that place and made tawaf in his
ark.
And it comes in the athaar of the,
of the prophets alayhis salatu wa sallam that
say Nanu alayhis salam Banu Israel also visited
that place.
This is something actually one of my non
Muslim,
professors in the University of Washington. He he
said this to me. He said to me
he said one of the names of Sinai
in the in the bible because he's he's
a person who knew Hebrew and Syriac, Aramaic,
all these different languages. So one of the
names
that the by which Mount Sinai is referred
to in the bible is Horab.
And Horeb is not in in in, the
Sinai Peninsula. It's like by Tabuk. It's in
the Arabian Peninsula.
And so he said that he said that
your books of tafsir say that the Banu
Sura'il, the Sayidna Musa performed Hajj,
while wandering in the desert. So it's not
it's not far fetched.
It's not far fetched because Tabooq is like
the northern extremity of Hijaz
or or just north of Hijaz. It's not
that far away, actually. So,
you know, this is something that we believe
that this place was visited by the
So coming back to the idea of Hajj
is that after the flood of Sayna Nuh
alaihi wasalam,
the place remained
the place remained, like, unidentified
and just kind of like that. Some of
the prophets visited that place, and many of
them, they were the prophets whose people rejected
them.
And so they come there after their their
their mission is complete. Their people are destroyed.
And so they'll come there and they'll die
there. They'll go go and visit that place,
and then they're buried there. Comes in the
the
place immediately around the Kaaba. There are there
are thousands of who
are buried in the
Alright. You guys, if you literally walk over
there, walk over the places that they're buried
when you make.
At any rate,
so that place remained unmarked,
until Sayedna Ibrahim
and Allah gave him the honor of him
and Sayidna Ismael
to
not only did he identify the spot to
them, because the spot was identified to the
other MBIA between Sayyidina Ibrahim and between Sayyidina
Nuhalai Salam.
But he gave them the honor that
now you renew this place,
that you go to this place and then
rebuild the the Kaaba
and re
mark the boundaries of the Haram
and,
call the people and institute the pilgrimage, make
it a public institution again.
And the pilgrimage to the house of Allah
to Allah and is something that,
it's an institution that was guarded by the
Arabs and it was something that they understood
as, like, a sacred function,
that Allah
charged them to
to guard and to to propagate and to
run. If you think about it, the Hajj
to this day is a it's an interesting
institution in the sense that, like, majority of
the institutions of Islam is completely decentralized,
and it's something that runs on a massive
level
but without
a whole lot of hierarchy.
There's always you go, like, if you turn
on the whatever the Saudi channel 1 on
YouTube or whatever, there's always somebody making tawaf.
The only time that tawaf stops is like
for the 5 daily prayers
from from the time of the Allahu Akbar
of the prayer until the first salaam. That's
the only time that tawaf stops.
In fact, we'll read this in the, the
rulings of Hajj, you know, more and more
as we go on. If you're in in
the law, that's actually the only time that
you're allowed to stop
until you finished what you're you know, you
finished the the the the set of that
you're doing,
the set of that you're doing. But the
point is is that the institution of Hajj
is something that people are coming and going
constantly, and people are constantly worshiping Allah in
this place,
and it's
completely privately funded and individually funded.
Right? There's no
there's no government that that's required for it
to run.
There obviously is a government over there that
is the whatever the legitimate rulers, and they've
obviously done a lot of, khidma or a
lot of service in order to facilitate the
Hajj. But there have been times in the
history of Islam where
there's been no functional government whatsoever.
And there have been times even there's not
even been a Kaaba.
They say that the a a a kind
of renegade sect of Ishmael Shias,
destroyed the Kaaba. They sacked the Kaaba. They
broke it stone by stone, and they even
took away the the black stone, which we'll
talk about later.
And,
there's, like, physically nothing there.
Just the people knew, like, the local Bedouins
and things like that knew the spot of
the Kaaba. That's all.
The the the point where the Kaaba was
supposed to be. And even in those years,
the Hajj continued.
People would come make dalaf in that in
around that point, and they would go to
Arafat, and they would still keep
the keep the rituals of of this pilgrimage
alive because this was a,
a sacred duty that was discharged
by Allah to Allah to say, Ibrahim, alayhis
salatu salaam, and then to his descendants.
And it was taken up by them, by
by Banu Ismail and the the Banu Ghatan,
the other great tribal lineage. The Arabs accepted
the sacred,
responsibility as well. And they used to visit
the the Kaaba as well, the Jahiliya.
And then after them, it devolves to the
people of Islam
to maintain this place. And there's a whole
bunch of like, a Kaaba has so much,
so much importance of cultural and ritual importance
to
to the people of the Arabian Peninsula and
to the people outside of it. You have
to understand,
even, like, complete, like,
completely
completely,
secular and, like, non religious, non spiritual people,
understand the importance of the Arabian Peninsula in
the sense that if you look on the
map, it's the central point in,
you know, what they call the old world.
Right? Which is a place that's originally inhabited
by human beings. A human beings come to
North America, South America much later.
But
if you look at where the the spread
and proliferation of our species is from, it's
all from there. They theorize that there's a,
you know, what they call the out of
Africa theory that that everybody
basically migrated from a point in Africa.
And I've seen before my very eyes that
point of Africa move
closer and closer to Mecca, to the point
where if you actually look at it on
the map now, it's, like, very close. It's,
like, somewhere in that Somalia area. Right? And
it's, like, on the coast right next to
Makamukarama.
And, you know,
Somalia is so close to Yemen
that there are people who swim across at
low tide.
Right?
And so
what we would say is that, no, our
our traditional sources tell us what? Tell us
that it's the Arabian Peninsula, which is the,
you know, it's not the out of Africa
theory, it's the out of Arabia theory.
It's the Arabian Peninsula is this original place
where everybody is from and everybody
understands it. There's, like, some something common between
all human beings. It's not like Europeans are
in a vacuum and Africans are in a
vacuum and people in East Asia are in
a vacuum and they were just always separated
like that. It wasn't like that. Everybody was
at some some point or another, all of
us came from the same place. All of
us, our lineage just meet somewhere or another.
So the idea is that
that the the the the the pilgrimage to
preserve
not just a
not just a, a set of rituals that
are
common to all human beings,
if you go far back enough in human
history. But it pre preserves a set of
rituals that are that predate even this world
and that transcend even a person's humanness. These
are the rituals that the angels,
they perform in Jannah. And this is a
mirror of that on this earth. This is
a mirror of that on this earth.
And so
Allah commanded Sayna Sayna,
Ibrahim alayhi salatu as salam
to, is there like a box of tissues
or something?
He commanded Sayyidna Ibrahim alayhis salatu wasalam
to, make the announcement to the people that
Allah ta'ala, it's his right that everybody
should visit this,
this house,
and
and, you know, whoever is able to do
so.
And that's what
the Hajj is. That's also what the Umrah
is, but that's also that's also what the
Umrah is, but that's what the Hajj is,
is that one,
obligatory
visitation of this
this place. And there's so many rituals. I
mean, right now, we're gonna talk about what
you need to do in order to have
a valid Hajj. Right? There's so much stuff
that doesn't fit into thick books. Right? Like,
for example, like, the whole system of which
Islam upholds the whole system of having sacred
months,
right, that allow for transit of people and
goods
without fear of brigandry or of war.
The whole idea of, you know, like, there's
a special plant that grows in only in
the valley that Maqamu Kalama is. It's called
Idkhel.
And so, people used to, you know,
when they go to Hajj. Right? If you're
going to Hajj in the sacred months, let's
say, if it's sacred months, you can be
like, yeah, I'm going to Hajj. Right? What
if you're coming back from Hajj?
Right? A brigand
holds you up and says, give me all
your money, and you're like, I'm coming back
from Hajj. Everyone's gonna say I'm coming back
from Hajj. There's no so there's a special
plant only grows in that valley. It's called.
So what they do is they pick that
that plant and they would, tie
they would tie a bundle of it around
their
a tie bundle of it around their,
animal's
neck
so that the the the people would know.
These are pilgrims coming back from the house
of Allah Subhanahu
Don't mess with them. Don't give them a
hard time. And the Arabs respected that. Even
in Jahiliyyah, even the time of the mushrikeen,
they respected that they wouldn't mess with somebody.
This is the guest of Allah Ta'ala. He's
coming and going from the house of Allah
Ta'ala. It's a complete institution, and it it
it's something that's upheld by them.
It's upheld by those people.
And there are people from outside the Arabian
Peninsula even who come and make Hajj. And
there are people who,
you know,
you know, who who value that even from
outside the people of the Arabian Peninsula. But
with time,
it's, something that's forgotten by a lot of
people until
the Nabi comes in, then reinstitutes the Hajj
from from, you know, reinstitutes the Hajj anew,
from the time of his nabua.
So
that the rest of it, you know, that's
something that we can talk about
one day. But that's why that's why the
Kaaba is so important to us. And that's
why the Haram Haram and Sharifa are so
important to us. That's why they're discussed so
much in the Quran as well.
It's not merely a a a ritual or
an that we do because there's not a
whole lot discussed about the prayer, for example,
in in the Quran. The prayer is mentioned,
but it's not mentioned in detail,
or about the fast. How is the fast
supposed to be?
So people be like, oh, this, that, the
other thing. Well, it doesn't say in the
Quran. Well, actually
actually it doesn't.
And, that's why we have the sunnah of
the prophet
to mention things in detail. But one of
the interesting things in Hajj is that the,
the the
arkan,
the kind of the pillars on which Hajj
is built, most of them are mentioned in
the Quran
explicitly.
And,
there's there's a there's there's a lot of
detail, maybe a lot more detail than a
person would expect. It's not just it's not
just the reason those things are mentioned, it's
not just a
there it's not just for the purpose of
telling you the details of how to perform
Hajj, but it was something that was telling
both the the Arabs and the the people
of the world
that you remember you're packed with Allah, Subhanahu
Wa Ta'ala.
Right? That that that was there with your
forefathers
and that was there from before even
your species was put on this earth.
And that's what the Kaaba represents,
And that's what the the haram
represents.
That's what the,
you know, what what what the represents.
Right? It's this kind of, like,
collective memory of the human species
of an order,
that's above this world,
that's above the chaos of this world.
And, Allah is reminding the people about that.
And when people see it, Allah is reminding
the people of it. I remember when I
was in university, I wrote a I used
to have, like, an op ed column in
the, university newspaper. This had a good
circulation, maybe 20,000 or so.
So I wrote an article about the Hajj.
You know? And, it I mean, people it
invokes some sort of memory in people,
not memory of, like, I ate, you know,
strawberry ice cream yesterday memory. But there's something
much deeper that's like a collective memory. Everybody
has to invoke something in them to the
point where people have faith, they really, like,
responded to it and even, like, kind of,
like, stick your nose in the air, like,
oh, your imaginary friend, you know, type of
atheist. They're like, oh, yeah.
I I bet it's a really moving experience.
You know? I'm sure it has to do
with, like, you know, mob mentality or something,
but it seems like, yeah, it's a really
moving experience.
So, okay, you make fun of it and
say your snide and stupid comments, but you
know it's you know what it is also,
just like everybody else does.
So we begin. We say that the pilgrimage
to the sacred house of Allah Ta' in
Baqah
is a an obligation on every free sane
adult Muslim that's able to get there once
in a lifetime.
We say Bakka because Bakka is one of
the names of Makkah Mukarama.
The,
the meaning of Bakka,
is the one in one one of the
opinions of the olamas is that the meaning
of baqa is just as a way of
saying Makkah.
Because the baharaj of Ba and Meem are
very close to a place where the the
the Baa and the Miem come, and the
tongue are very close, and so they flip
back and forth.
Right? So, like, for example, in Mauritania, the
the the tribes, the Yemeni tribes that inhabit
Mauritania,
right, they don't say mint. They say mint.
And
so, you know, like so and so, the
daughter of so and so. Right?
And it doesn't it has nothing to do
with the green refreshing
flavor of a green plant.
No. It's just it's just that the the
the letters flip back and forth.
Another another name reason that it's called,
bakka according to the
is that means to cry.
So
it's the thing that makes makes arrogant people
cry
because it's been,
experienced that people
who disrespect that place,
Allah
will punish them.
There have been several people who have disrespected
that place through history, and then they die
in bizarre and painful ways.
And so that's one of the reasons also
the ulama mentioned that perhaps that's why it's
called baqa.
It's an obligation, meaning it's filed on every
free, sane adult Muslim
that can find a way to get there.
Meaning what? That has the ability to,
finance whatever expenses it'll take them to to
to to get there,
and also
has the health to be able to sustain
the journey.
There's a there's a classically
a discussion between the
as to whether you have to have enough
health and wealth to get there and come
back home or just to get
there? There are many people who did that.
They just went and that's it. That's all
they had. And so they would stay there
or they would come back and stop along
the way and and
take up residence.
That's why there are a lot of people
in the that are, like, in Syria.
Right? I mean, if you go to Mecca
itself, there are a lot of people of
Central Asian origin. There are a lot of
people from the the whatever the southeast Southeast
Asian archipelago, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, things like that.
There are a lot of people in the
Indian subcontinent. There are a lot of Mauritanians
there. There's a lot of Mauritanians there. In
the Haram Haram and Sharifin, there's a lot
of Mauritanians there because their grandfathers came for
Hajj or great grandfathers came for Hajj and
they just stayed.
And the the culture of Hijaz is very
different than the culture of the other parts
of the Arabian Peninsula. The The other parts
of the Arabian Peninsula are very tribal,
very tribal places,
whereas Hijaz is a very cosmopolitan
place. So, you know, like, for example, the
Saudi government, you know, the tribes of Najdah,
the central highlands, those are the ones that
rule the government, the the country. So you'll
see that soldiers are usually from there,
and you'll see that that, you know, people
who are high up in government are usually
from there and from those specific tribes. But
the technocrats that administer the government, they're almost
all because
they're very intelligent, very educated people. They're more
likely to go to a university and get
a PhD, the people in Makan Madina, than
the people from kind of the
tribal outskirts. Although there are people amongst them
also who are educated. But the thing is
that it's a very different culture in that
part of in that part of,
in that part of,
the Arabian Peninsula.
And what is the most liberal city in,
like, you know, in the entire Saudi Arabia?
Is Jeddah. It's the city that's just down
the street from Makkamukarama.
It's kind of like a proof that, like,
Islam doesn't engender, like, harshness in people.
The place that's close to closest to the
Kaaba, it's the most liberal city. People they
actually the jobs pay more in other parts
of the Arabian Peninsula
than they pay in Jeddah, because Jeddah is
a nicer place to live, so it's easier
to find
people to fill those positions.
So, you know, there are people who classically
would just go there
just to fulfill the obligation and then to
get back there, just trust in Allah.
Obviously, we neither have to go through that
difficulty
nor will the Saudi government take kindly to
us,
Just going there and not coming back. So
they, you know, make sure to for our
for our comfort and safety
that we have,
have purchased, like, the means to get back
to our homes before we before we leave.
Otherwise, they don't let you
in. Masha'Allah.
Allah, faa'blessed.
So finding a way to get there, right,
means what?
Finding a way to get there means a
safe route as well as enough resources to
get to Mecca.
Sufficient and sufficient strength to make the journey
to Mecca either riding or walking in health.
So if you have the money to buy
a a ride, then
that's the amount of health you need. And
if you don't have the money, then if
you're strong enough to walk, then you're still
required to go walking. There are people who've
gone on Hajj walking. Again, these are this
is the preservation of the knowledge. You know,
who knows? You know, one day if, like,
you know, meteor shower makes all the satellites
crash out of the sky and we have
to go back low tech.
We'll be prepared. We'll know all the of
these things. Otherwise, nowadays, nobody's riding or walking.
Nothing.
Yeah. You're gonna you're gonna be you're gonna
be sitting in your airplane and
Jesus.
Inshallah.
I mean, in an airplane has its own
its own tortures. You know? And
if you if you're the kind of person
who doesn't like, you know, waiting in a
terminal for, like, 13 hours past your flight
time just so that you can sit in
the plane and wait, like, another 7 hours
in the plane, you know, you may need
like, there may be some exercises you need
to do before going to Hajj to prepare
you for Hajj. But, yeah, that's something that's
not mentioned in the 5th old, the classical
5th books. You know? We'll discuss some of
that stuff here
here as well. Is anyone, by the way,
here planning on performing Hajj this year?
Insha'Allah.
Don't make me, things happen.
Makes things happen.
Strange ways. Just make me,
if you give me the way I'll go.
Strange things
happen.
I'm gonna jump the,
tartib slightly,
and we're gonna talk about
a couple of basic things that are gonna
come up later, but we're gonna jump the
jump to order slightly.
So
I'm gonna preface this by
saying there's a wisdom in thee
in the order in which
things are gonna be mentioned. Okay?
So if you want to ask a question,
ask. If I tell you this is not
the time to ask the question, wait, your
answer is coming, don't be offended or upset.
I'm gonna tell you not to ask, but
just
I'm putting things in a logical order.
What I say, even if you don't accept
or if you don't understand it a 100%,
just accept it.
It'll make a lot of sense in a
minute. Okay?
So
Hajj is like a whole bunch of rituals
put together. Right? So just like
the salat, you know. There's a standing. There's
a ruku.
There's a sajda. There's a sitting. There's different
postures and different things you read. And when
you put them all together, it becomes salat.
Hajj is like different stuff but it's like
very different stuff.
Like, this is what you wear. Here you
walk around something. Here you throw rocks at
something. Here, you know what I mean? It's
there's like a lot of stuff. Okay?
And the way you can put the stuff
together, you also have like a a choice
in how you do that as well.
You understand? So there are, like, different
you know, it's like you go to Taco
Bell, not everyone has to order a taco.
You can order a lot. And sure. Okay.
The burrito has the same cheese in it
that the taco does and, you know, the
tostada has the same red sauce that the
burrito does. There's some similarity there, but
at the end of it, you can like,
there's there's there's some difference as well and
there are different things come together and form
different forms. Okay?
So in a gross manner of speaking,
okay, there are 3 different ways of making
Hajj. Okay?
The first way is called what?
Alifrad.
2nd is called the.
And the third is called Quran.
These 3, I guess, parallel tracks of how
a person can perform Hajj,
they have to do with the following issue.
Okay?
Hajj is
a set of rituals that a person performs,
a set of rituals that a person performs
at a specific time.
There's, like, a specific set of 5 minimally
5 days that
that a person performs these,
these rituals, it's called Hajj.
If you want to perform
a pilgrimage in any other than those days,
it's called something else. It's called what? It's
called the Umrah. Right?
And so
because
there's a difference of opinion amongst the ulama.
Right? Imam al Shafi'i consider both Hajj and
Umra to be farth.
That you have to perform both the hajj,
which is whatever you do in those, you
know, whatever, 5 days a year or whatever.
And then the umrah is what you do
outside of it. You have to do you
have to do both of them
at least once in your life. Okay?
And,
Imam Hanifa, Imam Malik, they considered it to
be like,
rigorously
authenticated
sunnah to to do
the umrah as well as the Hajj.
So because people don't go to, like, Maqamu
Karamah, like, frequently,
There's some people who only have a very
short amount of time, and they come from
very far. They have to
have a way of putting both they have
to have a way of doing both of
them,
or to to accommodate the possibility of doing
both of them
in the in in the same time.
So
before, I guess, we we define what these
are, we're gonna have to put up a
couple of other terms and then define those
first.
Okay.
So
from all the different stuff you do in
Hajj, there's, like, a lot of different things.
Like I said, some things walking, some things
you wear it, some things you throw rocks
at it, some things you make dua here,
some whatever. Right? There's a hierarchy of importance
in terms of aham. Okay?
So the first
the first level of aham is called what's
called a fand.
A fand, I mean.
Okay. The second is what?
The wadjit.
The third is called the sunnah.
The forklift is calling mister Hadi.
Okay.
Okay.
So
these these are all technical terms. They these
words may mean different things in different context.
Like, for example,
in different context, word fard and wajib are
synonyms. They mean the same thing. I mean,
they both essentially mean something that's obligatory.
But we separate between them and the hajj.
Okay?
The definition of fard is those things that
you got to do them. If you don't
do them, your hajj is not valid. There's
no other way of making it up except
for by doing them.
Okay?
Is those things you got to do if
you mess them up. You have to give
a penalty in order
to rectify your Hajj.
There's a whole system of penalties that go
because the time only comes once a year
and you came from so far and all
this stuff. So if you mess it up,
you, you just, you know, you just gotta
pay the penalty. A penalty might be financial,
right, in the sense that you have to
buy an animal and sacrifice and distribute the
the meat to the poor, or the penalty
can be for people who can't afford those
things. The penalty is like fasting,
a certain amount,
in a certain way and whatnot. Or the
penalty can be a number of you know,
it can take a number of different
forms.
So wajib is that part of Hajj. It's
also it's also an obligation of Hajj,
but,
it can be atoned for through different penalties,
essentially. Whereas far,
are those things you don't do, you just
didn't do your Hajj.
The sunnah sunnah is those things that are
rigorously emphasis obviously, all of it. The farthest
parts of the Hajj are sunnah of the
prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam in the sense
that he did them. Right? But this is
a technical
vocabulary
term.
It has a special meaning in the context
of Hajj that the sunnahs of Hajj are
those things that
are are recommended and that the prophet sallallahu
alaihi wasallam recommended them, but if you skip
them, your Hajj is still valid and you
don't have to give a penalty for
them. And then mustahaba'at
are those things that that that a person
is recommended, lightly recommended to do in Hajj.
If you skip the sunnahs, it's like there's
some deficiency in your Hajj, but it's still
valid. If you skip the Mustahabbat,
you miss some reward, but, you know, you
get over it. Right?
So
what I want you to remember,
first of all, okay,
is that
the things that are the things that are,
for
all three of these ways of making Hajar
are the same.
The rest of these things, there's some details
in them that may differ from one to
the other. Okay?
So what are the fun parts of Hajj?
Let's let's mention them. They're they're it's important
to know.
Okay?
One is
a harem.
Okay.
The second is
I'll
define all these terms inshallah. What's the time
by the way?
Oh, we have all kinds of time.
What was that?
What was that? Oh, just telling me the
clock is right. Awesome.
The third is called, alafat.
And it can be written the long form
like Arafat or it can also be written
short form Arafat
like this.
And the 4th
is
yeah. He helped me here.
Sai. I should have written that actually in
the in the middle here. I'll I'll write
in the middle.
Okay. These are the 4 things.
If you come home and you're like, oh,
I didn't do one of these,
you didn't do your Hajj.
What are they? We'll talk about them shortly.
So the first one up on the board
is what?
Contrary to what, like, a lot of people
think, is not like a piece of cloth
that you wear.
Rather, it's a state that you enter. Right?
Means to
to to make something sacred.
So as it were, for the sake of
Hajj, you're making yourself sacred. Right? There's a
set one
means to put yourself into the sacrosanct
state, the Edenic state that that allows you
to enter into the boundaries of the Haram
and to
enter into the Kaaba in the state that's,
Allah is pleased with you and that you're
not profaning that place
and running afoul of his divine system and
being one of the people. Allah is gonna
make you cry.
May Allah protect all of us from
from from from doing something like that. You
know?
So
ihram consists of a number of commandments and
prohibitions.
Okay?
So one of the commandments of ihram is
what?
It has to do with what you wear.
Okay?
For a man,
it means that you have to wear you
cannot wear stitched clothing.
And the
the proper
mode of ihram for a man is what?
That you should wear white
2 unstitched white cloths. 1 you wrap around
your waist,
and then 1 you wear on your your
upper body. The 2 of them are essentially
identical. It's just where you wear them that
makes the difference between them. 1 is called
it, which is the lower garment, and the
other is the the upper garment. Contrary to
popular belief, your Hajj is actually valid in
whatever color it is.
But the prophet
preferred white, so people will
wear white.
So that's one of them. So for for
the ladies,
a a woman can wear whatever she likes.
That that restriction is is neither
obligatory for them nor even recommended.
The ladies can wear whatever they want. And
the eharam is not a piece of clothing
that you wear. For the men, people say,
oh, this is my eharam, meaning it's the
the the clothing that they wear in the
state of eharam. And so they'll refer to
as ihram, like I said, metaphorically speaking.
But in a sense, the cloth itself is
not the ihram. The ihram is a state
you enter in which you may, if you're
a man, that you'll you'll be wearing that.
The the the the those that piece of
clothing or that article of clothing, that method
of clothing yourself.
The there are prohibitions that are not there
when you're not in Iran. For example,
right, a person is, in the state of
Iran, not allowed to
men and women are not allowed to have
relations with each other. In fact, they're not
even allowed to,
have anything short of, you know what, because,
you know, like, the Bill Clinton
dictionary
definition of I didn't I did not have
whatever
type of relations with that woman. Technically, he
didn't, I guess. Right? No. You're not allowed
to have any relations with any person of
any sexual nature, period.
You're not allowed to talk about it. You're
not allowed to joke about it. You're not
allowed to think about it in the sense
that if a thought crosses your mind, that's
not your whatever, but you to fixate or
to think about it intentionally, all of it
becomes haram.
What else is haram when you're in the
haram state? You're the edenic state, So you're
not allowed to cut or remove anything from
your body. No cutting nails.
No cutting hair
of any kind. No picking your skin.
No alteration to the body. Right? This is
a hadith of the prophet that
the people on the day of judgment will
be,
naked, uncircumcised.
Their hair will be long. Their nails will
be long.
Right? So it's like kind of like almost
like a a primordial, like, almost like animal
like state that people will show up in.
Right? So that state, you return to that
state in the
in in in Hajj, which is interesting because
otherwise, it's a sunnah to keep your nails
short.
It's a sunnah to, you know, shave the
the the hair from one's private areas and
to pick the hair from one's armpits. And
it's a sunnah to you know, like, some
of these things are actually
sunan, but they become haram then at that
point
when you enter into this haram state. Okay?
What else is it? It's haram to use
perfume.
Right? Any,
like perfume, any anything scented.
Right?
And so this is a problem. It's a
it's a problem. Like, all the soaps everywhere
are all
they're all scented. Even the unscented soaps are
scented.
Right? So, it's a problem. Right? So is
there any basically, the idea is anything that
alters your
your your your physical state. Right?
Oil. To put oil in your hair, to
put, like, a pee like, using Vaseline.
People use Vaseline because they have chafing from
all that walking because we you know, a
lot of people are sedentary. They don't walk
very much. So all of a sudden, now
you're walking 3, 4 miles a day.
All of these things there the all of
these things are violations of ihram.
Now the ihram, when we say it's wajib,
without it, the Hajj is not valid,
it it means that you have to enter
into the ihram state and be in the
Haram state for all of the other
for all of the other doings of Hajj.
If you violate a condition of Haram, for
example, someone put on a sweater,
someone put on you know, they were washing
their hands and they get some scented
soap on on their hands or whatever or
they, you know these things happen, like, when
you're making talaaf, when you're walking around the
Kaaba. Be careful not to
touch it if you're in a haram because
people oftentimes bring bring atur. They'll bring perfumes.
They'll rub them on the Kaaba.
And so you you touch the Kaaba and
your hands get a perfume on it. People
go like and then it's like, oh, it's
now it's all over your clothes. And, like,
all of it is you're not allowed to
do any of that. Right? So, yeah, so
there are there are there are expiations
for violations of eharam.
Right? So in that sense that if someone
breaks a condition of eharam,
it doesn't mean that the Hajj is over.
What what the reason we put ihram on
the list of those things that are are
are far'ed
is that you have to be in that
state
while performing the other rituals. If you never
entered into that state, you just show up
at Arafat, you know, with your baseball cap
on, you know? And you're you're like, you
know, yeah. Hey. Let's do some hygiene. It
doesn't it's not it doesn't work that way.
Yeah.
That's that's what that's what that means. You
have to be in that state. Where what
else? What are the other conditions of? We'll
go go through it again. But part of
is what you don't wear,
what you don't cover. It's haram for a
man for a man whose entire head and
his hands have to be exposed at all
times during ihram.
And for a woman, her face and her
hands have to be exposed.
That's contrary for, you know, many of the
faqas
is watching for a woman to cover her
hands and her face. And some of them
say it's sunnah for her to cover her
hands and her face. Right? So it says
the olamah, the faqas is it's a sunnah
for a man to cover his head while
he's outside of the house or to cover
his head while he's praying.
Right? But for Hajj, you can't. It's not
it's not permissible. You know? If you do
it, you violated,
one of the conditions of your eharam, and
you have to give a penalty for it.
I apologize.
Sleep is catching up up with me.
I was gonna one of the brothers came
and said that I'm you're gonna record this.
Right? I said, yeah. He's
and then he he's like, okay. I'm gonna
go home. I'm gonna get so sleep. I
was about to rip him out.
Now I'm kind of wishing I'd join him.
Okay. Oh, boy.
If you're sleeping, you're feeling a comfort or
something. You're not supposed to. If you if
you use it to cover your No. You
can cover your body with it, but you
can't cover your your head with it. And
the the the covering even the covering of
your hands,
with respect to covering your hands, if something
is draped over your hands,
like, for example, the upper garment, the haram
garments that a man wears
are not,
you know, if they're draped over
your your hands, that's fine.
But, like, if you wear gloves, that's what
breaks it. And in that sense, even a
woman is not allowed to cover her hands
during the Haram either.
They have to be exposed. At any rate,
so that's what the Haram and we'll get
we'll get to it later, but
is the first the first of Hajj that
you're going to
enter into, and you won't exit it until
you're
done with all the other wajib of hajj.
You won't exit it completely until you're done
with all the other wajibat of hajj. Okay?
So when does a person have to enter
into ihram?
When does a person have to enter into
a haram? The person has to enter into
a haram
at the mipat. Right? And so mipat is
a word in Arabic. Arabic. It
means the
the place of
literally means the,
the instrument of place and time.
It's strange that the word the root word
in Arabic,
means time,
but the root word,
you know, the root
ta, it's interchangeable for time and place,
which is interesting. Like, from a philosophical level,
it's very interesting. Right?
But,
time and place are somehow interchangeable.
So there is a time element to when
you have to be in a Harambei, and
there's a place element of when you have
to be in a Harambei.
The time element is this, is that if
you want to perform Hajj,
you have to have entered into the
entered into the haram state
at the earliest during the months of Hajj.
Right? Al Hajju Ashburu Ma'alumata. Allah says in
his book that Hajj is
certain
known months. It's known what the months of
Hajj are. In this, it's not mentioned what
the months are in the Quran, but it
mentions that it's known what they are. So
what are they? Shawwal, and then the first
days of before before 10th, basically.
9th.
So we're in Shawwal right now.
Right? So you can enter into the ihram
of Hajj
starting from the day of Eid.
You're recommended not to enter into the Haram
until
the latest possible.
Alright. Because with all these strictures regarding it
and a person no longer they're in it,
the more chance they have of, like, blowing
off one of its commandments, and it's very
difficult. So the prophet he
considered Makru for a person too, and he
commanded the Sahaba not to enter into ihram
until they absolutely have to. Right? But the
earliest a person if a person enters into
ihram,
time wise, the earliest they can enter into
it is what?
Is,
is is starting on the first of on
the the day the day of Eid, the
first of,
Shaulwad. And the latest that the person can
enter into Hajjis before
starting any of the other any of the
other,
Wajibat. Basically, before the other Wajibat, they have
to have entered into Iran at the latest
before any of them. Okay?
Now now we come back to this idea
of there's 3 ways of making Hajj. I'm
sorry. The second thing I had to mention
that I that I neglected to mention is
what?
The place. Right?
So
traditionally, people used to come to Hajj from
a number of different directions. If a person
was coming from Yemen in the south,
there's a a place that
is that is to the south of called.
What is it called?
There's a person I was teaching the 5th
of Hajj,
and he had a little bit of, like,
dyslexia.
And so he, he he he he couldn't
say yalamlam, so he would say yam yam.
So it says that Yemeni should open like
a like a restaurant south of Mecca and
call it.
But,
and I'm sure only 3 people would get
the joke, but they would laugh really a
lot at at it. It would be very
funny to them.
So
Yalemlam is south of Makkamukarama.
I don't know exactly how far south south
it is, but it's like maybe, like, somewhere
between 20 40 miles away from Mecca.
So if you're going toward Mecca from the
south, the direction of the south, when you
get to
you stop,
right, and enter into the Haram. So there's
a whole set of rituals of how you
enter into the Haram state, which we'll talk
about later. But you'll you cannot go further
to in the in the road to Mecca
from from Yelamlam if you're coming from the
south, except for in the Haram state.
Right? So you can theoretically put on your
Haram
in Cape Town
or in, like, Buenos Aires or Chile or
whatever. You know? Antarctica.
You know? When you ask the penguins for
dua to make dua for you. You know?
But, like,
don't do it because it's a long way
to Mecca and, like, all the strictures of
the Haram state. Once you enter into it,
you're in it. That's it. You have to
keep all the commandments of the Haram. So,
you know, the sunnah is what? To go
all the way and tell that mipat, that
that that marker, that boundary marker,
and just before it to enter into the
the the the Iran state. Okay?
And then the, mipat, the the the physical
boundary marker for the people of Najd who
are coming from the from the eastern highlands
of of the Arabian Peninsula is a place
called Qarn. Okay?
There's 2 there's 2 Qarns in the Arabian
Peninsula. There's pardoning Manazal and pardoning Tha'alib. Right?
Pardoning Manazal is the the the main path
of the Nejdis.
Okay?
They
call it but it's actually a
and is a third place that's not either
of them.
But
the mifat of the people of Najd is
what?
Okay.
And then the mifat of the people of
Sham
of Syria is what?
Is a place called Jaffa.
Jaffa is also somewhere, like, between 2040 miles
from Makkah Mukarama to the north of it.
Okay?
That's if you're coming from any of those
places, that's the mihat that you're gonna you're
gonna be obliged to enter into haram from.
And so the hukm of the people of
Syria,
it
it extends to anyone else who comes
from the overland route from the north. So
it also extends to the people of Istanbul,
and it extends to the people of Russia
and China and whoever comes from that road,
basically, from the northern the road that comes
directly down from the north. Okay?
The Moroccans and whatever. The people who don't
come on ships,
You know, the Moroccans, Tunisians that don't come
on ships who come over land.
Jaffa is their minpata as well. And this
principle extends that whatever direction you're coming from,
the direction that a mifat is in is
is the direction the the mifat that you're
in.
The the mifat of the people of Iraq
is.
Okay? The prophet
said
is the the the the people of Iraq.
This is one of the miracles of the
prophet
that during his lifetime, there was no Muslim
no Iraqi Muslim.
But,
and and and it's far fetched that Iraq
should enter into Islam
during the time of the prophet because
Iraq was basically the the the heartland, the
capital of the the Persian empire. Right? The
Persian empire, Mada'in.
The in Arabic, they call it Mada'in. They
call it in in in in Persian, Tisun
is the imperial capital of
of,
of the Persian empire, which was like a
preeminent world power at during the entire life
of the prophet, sallallahu alaihi
wasalam.
The idea that the Sahaba during their lifetime
that it would become
basically the population center of Islam
is very far fetched, extremely far fetched.
During the light during the generation of the
Sahaba,
you will you will see that there are
more Muslims in Iraq than there are in
the entire Arabian Peninsula, actually.
Iraq is a Persian speaking place at that
time.
And because Arab Arabic speaking after the conquest
of the Sahaba radiAllahu ta'ala.
And it may be Semitic. They may speak
Aramaic. They may be Semitic people, but they're
definitely not Arabs that lived in Iraq during
that time.
So what happens is that the prophet
tells them that the Iraqis, when they come
for Hajj, tell them to enter into haram
from where?
From from that to Erp. Right? And so
the the the the,
Miqat of the of the Iraqis is also
then used by Iran, also used by the
Central Asians, also used by the people of
the Indian subcontinent that come over land. Right?
Etcetera.
So that's that.
The final the final,
mikaat of the sunnah that we we we
we wanna mention is,
Dhul Hulaifa. Okay?
Dhul Hulaifa is the mipat of the people
of Madinah.
Now if you look,
you'll forgive my,
like,
artistic lack of artistic skill.
Here,
we use a different marker
color.
And this is the Arabian Peninsula.
You know, I don't know, like, we can
make it a little little fancier, like, you
know, like, just kind of like that or
something like that.
Let's let's not even go there.
Let's just make it simple. Okay? This is
the Arabian Peninsula.
This is Yemen.
This is Oman. This is like like a
whole bunch of really small countries. This is
Saudi Arabia, whatever. Okay. That's the Arabian Peninsula.
Right? Africa's here. Asia's up there. Right?
If if this is Arabian Peninsula, maybe this
is where MacKay is. Right?
Maybe this is where Medina is. Right?
Is like
right here. Okay?
You know,
is like right here.
Is right here. Is right here. Okay?
Zul Khalifa is like right here.
It's much further.
It's like over a 100 miles away from,
it's like somewhere like 120 miles away from,
from Mecca.
It's the furthest of the Muawhid by far.
It's the furthest by far of all of
them.
And the reason for this is that the
prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam there's 2 reasons.
There's, I guess, more than one reason for
this. One of the one of the reasons
that's mentioned is that the prophet
for his own,
Hajj al Umrah, he preferred to
venerate
the house of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala
by
by,
entering into the Haram state far before from
far away,
from from far away
in the, from from from the Kaaba, to
approach from afar in the state of humility
and in in the the sacrosate,
Iran state.
So part of it is his own personal
desire to,
to venerate the Kaaba even more than
what people usually do. And he only imposed
the stricture
of
of,
of this on the people of Madinah.
So there's a question. Right? For example, if
you're visiting
Mecca from Syria. Right? Medina is on the
route.
Right? The Ottomans built a train that used
to go. There's a direct train line
from
from Istanbul that went through Damascus, Jerusalem,
and,
to Madinah
and,
to, you know, went all the way to
Madinah. Basically, Madinah was the terminal of it,
and then the caravans would go from there
overland
to Makkumukaramah.
So people are coming from the north are
going to stop in Madinah anyway. There's a
mess Allah or a question, a legal question
is that if they're stopping Madinah,
will the mikat that they have to enter
into ihram, will it be Dhul Khalifa,
which is much further north, or can they
go all the way to Jaffa and still
enter
into Ihram from Jaffa?
And the answer is that they can enter
from Jaffa.
Right? Only the residents of Madinah are obliged
to enter into eharam from,
from Dhul Khalifa. And this is a daleel
of the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam. It's
as if the people of Madinah are like
his people. He only imposed it on his
own people.
He didn't impose it on the rest of
the ummah. You know? It's a fabilah. It's
a honor of, actually, of the Madani people
that the prophet sallallahu alaihi wasallam, the taqwa
that he practiced on himself. Also, it becomes
then part of the part of their custom
as
well. And so it's an honor for the
people in Medina as well as a difficulty
an increase in difficulty in in performing Hajj
and Umrah. But when the prophet
who used to make Umrah yearly or they
when they would go for Hajj,
they would stop and go they thought they
would enter into the pilgrim state. And so
they'd go, like, a 120 miles, whereas everyone
else is going somewhere 20, you know, 20
miles, 30 miles. I think 40 miles is
a stretch. Somewhere around 20 miles where most
of the other
people lie. And and the real the Hejaz
Railway
Allah forgive,
the people who passed before us in the
Ummah. They they destroyed it. Otherwise, people use
this is a custom
from Ottoman times that the the the the
Hajj kafila, the caravan for Hajj, would go
from Istanbul. The procession would start from Istanbul.
It would go through Damascus. It would stop
in in in Al Qudsa Sharif. They would
stop in in Jerusalem,
and then they would stop at Mecca in
Madinah, and then they would go together,
you know. All the had is a very
beautiful custom, and it's
for reasons that are obvious to all of
us, some of those stops have been kind
of sidelined on the way.
So
since we're tired of crying, we laugh about
it now, but it's really not that funny.
Allah forgive us. But at any rate, it
was a beautiful custom while it lasted.
The,
the the the Mas'allah is the the people
of Shamd.
They come from the north. They have a
choice. They can enter into Dhul Khalifa. There's
more reward for them entering into the into
into Haram from. But they have a choice
to keep going to Jaffa. It's not a
they're not doing haram or anything by
by
by entering into
the Haram at Jaffa.
So
sometimes in the hatch packages, you go to
Madinah first instead of going
to Jeddah. So I I was just about
to get there, John. Marco. That's why I
made that because, I knew that these types
of questions will always come up. So that's
why I made the the, disclaimer in the
beginning, like, if I tell you.
So but if anyone is coming from any
other direction,
like, if you're, for example, a Yemeni and
you go to Medina first or you're an
Iraqi and you go to Medina first because
it's not on the road. Right. You have
to kind of take a detour. Right. Or
if you're in Najdine, you go to Medina
first. And we're we're also in that. Like,
if we go to Medina first, then it's
wajib on you to enter into, a haram
from Dhul Khalifa because you're approaching from a
different from a you're approaching then from the
Madini
road, and it's not the road of your
people. So you're you're obliged then to enter
into
mikat from the mikat of the people of
Medina because you went to Medina first. You're
going on Hajj from from Medina.
The the dispensation is only for the people
who are coming from the north anyway, and
Medina is on the road. They're gonna stop
there one way or the other. It's not
like they went to Medina separately, but Medina
is a stop on the road.
So theoretically speaking, if we you go from
the airport, which is not in the city.
If you go from the airport directly and
bypass the city of Madinah, which I don't
know why you would want to do that,
but if you did that, then you would
have the option of entering into Ihram and
Jaffa. But if you enter into the city
because it's not on the way in that
sense. Everybody else, if they enter into the
city and they they're gonna go to Hajj
straight from there, then they have to enter
in into a haram from Dhul Hulafa.
The second reason,
I wanted to mention for the people of,
for the people of Madinah entering into,
Miqat at the at that point in Dul
Quleipa.
It is something that's narrated that the Ambi
alaihi musaatu alaihi wa sallam that there are
thousands of Ambiya alayhi musaatu wasalam that passed
through that place,
and they made a haram in that place.
That's a special mipat
So there's a a pass basically that you
go through called that
all of the Anbiya, they would they would
go through that place. There's some baraka in
that place as well.
That's ancient. I mean, one of the things,
it kind of gets backpacking a little bit.
One of the things
and very pleasant place
for much of the history of mankind.
It's only become a desert later on.
Right? Climate change, these types of things happen.
I'm not talking about global warming.
I in a isolated,
like, one unidirectional phenomenon, but this happens as
the continents drift around and things change and
whatnot. So that's what they say. They say
that
the the, petroleum
that's there in the Arabian Peninsula
is basically all the dead organic matter that
used to be
there from the millions of years that that
was actually a very
it was a very,
pleasant place to live. And it's still, I
guess, not a bad place to live, but
it's it's really harsh in terms of your
your weather conditions.
So,
at any rate, that that's one place that
the people who used to visit Makkah Mukarim,
the even including the prophet salayahu alaihi wasallam
used to enter the Haram there. And so
it's also the shan of our sallallahu alaihi
wa sallallahu alaihi wa sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
comes in the hadith of the prophet sallallahu
alaihi wa sallam that all the different mbia,
all the different prophets are like brothers that
have the same father but different mothers.
And so the the
the explanation of what this means is that
the father is like the aqida, the beliefs,
right, that there's only one
god. Good people go to Jannah. Bad people
go to jahannam.
There will be a day of judgment. These
are all the beliefs. Right? They're the same
for all of the mbia.
No difference in them. Not not not one
person's okay. We know God sends a messenger
who says that we, you know, believe in
the day of judgment and then he sends
another messenger so we believe in reincarnation. That
doesn't
that a, it doesn't make sense. B, that's
not what we believe. Right?
The different mothers are what though? The
the laws. How many times are you gonna
pray in a day?
How do you pray?
What language do you pray in? These things
these things change. And it it's reasonable for
them to
change from time to time, from place to
place.
And so, at any rate, so this the
Nabi
his maqam amongst the Anbiya, is that also
if they that's their mikat. It should be
his mikat as well salallahu alayhi wa sallam.
So these are the Muawakid
time in time and place that we mentioned.
Are there any other questions regarding this? How
about the?
That we'll get to it, inshallah. That has
not to do with the Muamakid, but it
has to do with the Haram itself.
Yeah.
So
coming back to this idea of the 3
different kind
of ways a person can perform Hajj. Right?
Ifrad, as the name suggests, right, is to
make the intention at the time of the
at the place of the mipat
just to make Hajj.
Okay?
Tamato is to make the intention of
just to make
Umrah,
to make the intention just to make Umrah
at the time
of hitting the miktat.
But it's within the months of Hajj.
Okay?
The idea being that what? You go do
the umrah and you release trim your
when you're done with the umrah.
And then afterward, like, at the last minute
last minute, you can enter into the enter
into the ihram for Hajj later. Okay?
Kiran is to make the the
to enter into the ihram of both of
them at the same time,
Right? In the same in the same hiram.
So when you finish your umrah first, right,
or when you finish your Hajj first, if
you're, like, really late, generally, you'll do the
umrah first unless you're, like, rushing at the
last minute. You know?
But when you finish 1, you're not released
from the haram until you finish the other
as well.
Okay?
So let's review. What is ifrad deh? The
haraam of ifrad is what? Making Hajj just
for Hajj. Okay? And we talked about that
people don't come on different trips. You know?
There's peep many people, it's the only trip
they'll make in their life. This is one
of the things, when you all go on
go on Hajj, you'll see this.
You'll see that,
there are people, like, literally never never left
their village.
Hajj is the only time they ever left
their village. You know?
People, like, from, like, Pakistan and from Misra
and things like that that are, like not
Misra as in Cairo, but, like, as in
Luxayid and things like that.
Some of them never I mean, they they
the Hajj is the first time they've been
to Cairo. Like, you know, like, that's that's
how you know what I mean? They haven't
even been to the capital city of their
own country before that trip, much less anywhere
else. Right? So you'll see all kinds of
you'll see all kinds of people.
Even it's so difficult to come and Hajj
from from Turkey. I was told that you
there's a lottery system you have to apply
and put down the the money deposit just
to apply.
And there's a lottery system, and there's a
very slim chance of, like, getting getting, because
they set quotas for every country.
Right? It's, like, super crowded there
because despite quotas. If there was no quotas,
there would be, like, 15,000,000 people at Hajj
every
year. And, like, the infrastructure is not there
for that. And the people
dog the Saudi government for doing that. And,
like, if you get rejected for, like, going
to Hajjid, your heart is broken. You know,
it's like something that you you're not understand
why a person would be a little negative
about it, although, you know, you're commanded not
to be like that.
But,
you know, it's it's it's
there's, like, different competing interests that need to
be balanced for sure.
But like I was told that in in
Turkey, there's a law that, yeah, if you
apply 7 years or
6 7 years in a row and you
don't get you don't get picked 7 years
in a row, that the next year that
you have to apply, they'll automatically give
you they'll automatically give you, like, a a
reserved seat. Right? But, like, not everyone has
the money 7 years in a row. And,
like, if, like, 1 year in the middle,
you,
you, you know, like, something happened financially. You
weren't
able to apply or whatever. That's it. You're
back to 0 again. And there are many
many Turks who make Hajjaz on the 7th
with that with that rule. That's how they
get it
after having applied so many times.
So that's why one might say, well, why
would you even mess with it? Why don't
you just do the Hajj alone? It's because
people don't have the opportunity to come back.
Is there is there a cap for here?
There is a cap for here.
So the cap for here, I think, is,
like, 10,000.
So we have, like, 4,000,000 Muslims.
You know, if you wanna you know, maybe
upwards to 5,000,000 Muslims or so. Right? And
the cap is
what?
10,000. Right? They cut it down to 5
because of the,
the construction.
Right? Afterwards to put it back up. Put
it back up. Right? How many people how
many how many people are there in Turkey?
Oh,
I don't know the population. I don't know.
Someone
some someone
Wiki it.
Oh. Yeah. I think 15,000,000.
But the but the whole the whole country.
Right? Over 60,000,000. Yeah. It's it's over it's
gonna be over 60,000,000. Right?
And, the you know, and their their,
what you call quota is like, what? 73,000,000.
So why And their quota their quota is
like
20,000 or something. It's like something like that.
It's like
so people coming from specific western countries, America
and and England, France,
you can make Hajj. There was a time
you make Hajj every year. Now they impose
a limit, like, once every 5 years unless
you're a group leader or something like that.
But still, it's relatively easy. Like, if you're
first time, you have the money and whatever,
they'll they'll let you in. Right? Whereas there
are places other places in the world, like,
you know,
Pakistan has, like, what? Like, 300,000,000 people, 270,000,000
people,
and the quota is a 100,000. So, yes,
the quota is much higher, but the pool
of applicants is really super high.
Yeah. And they max them out every year.
Yeah.
Why nobody
tried to fix the
railroads
right there?
When people hate each other, they don't wanna
make make it easy to go from from
one place to the other.
Because yeah. They look at the likes of
traffic there.
Yeah. Inshallah, Allah taught give us in in
in a place of
tribalism and hatred that Allah replaced it with,
like, love for one another.
Yeah. That that's basically the Hijaz railway was
destroyed,
you know, when all of the different places
rebelled against the Ottoman Empire.
And, we even tried talking about it in
the mustard, and even that resulted in no
fight. So
it's kind of ironic.
So anyhow, so that's that's okay. So ifrad
is what? Ifrad is the when you make
a haram, that you make the niya just
to make Hajj. What's the what is the
tamatur?
The umrah and the mikat. Right? Is that
when you make the ihram at the mikat,
right, that you make the niyad to make
umrah, just to make umrah in that ihram,
but then you also have it down the
line that you're gonna make the the niyyah
to to
make the ihram Hajj later on,
you know, during Yeah. You mean, the Niyam
made, Umrah and Hajj in the same e
Haram.
For the the second one, the tamru?
Tamato. Tamato. Yeah. You have to make the
intention of Hajj in the same year, the
same season? No. Or is Tamato tamato is
the what is tumanto? Tumanto is just that
you make the intention when you get to
the mipat,
you enter into the ihram state with the
intention of umrah,
but it's during the months of Hajj. Right?
So you you don't have to make any
niyyah regarding Hajj at that time.
Right? All it is that you make the
niyyah, that you've made umrah in that in
that time frame. You make umrah before you
make Hajj. Right?
Tamato means to enjoy.
So what is it? Is that you make
the umrah, and the umrah is easy. Umrah
is very short compared to Hajj, and it's
very easy compared to Hajj. Right? So you
make the umrah and then you relax in
until the last minute.
Right? That's why tamatot means to enjoy. That's
that's that's enjoyment is that you can you
can hang out in Mecca without having to
be in the Iran state. The Hajj is
like Whereas, like, the Ifrad Ifrah the the
months of Hajjar are 3 3.
Right? Whereas, Ifraad,
you know, you can enter into Makkah Mukarama,
like, you arrived at Makkah, like, 2 weeks
before Hajj. You have stay in the your
imam is not gonna be released until Hajj
is done. Right? And then Tiran is that,
you know, you arrive, you do the umrah,
and then you have to stay until you're
done with Hajj. You have to stay in
the ihram. Right? Whereas damatuh
is out of the 3 is the definitely
the most convenient.
Okay?
But,
there's other stuff down the line that's different
between all of them. There's, like, a plus
for 1 versus the other. And we'll revisit
the the the idea or the
the the I don't have a difference of
opinion amongst each other as to which one
of them is superior, the superior way of
being a high level. We'll
go through that. We'll go through that discussion
again. But, essentially, if you're if you're doing
tamato, there's a problem.
What's the problem?
The problem is, okay, you're already in Mecca,
and now Hajj time comes.
Your is way out somewhere else, but you're
already sitting in Mecca.
Right? So you'll enter into the you'll enter
into the haram of Hajj from from inside
Makkam Karama.
Right?
There's there's stuff you do to, like, mitigate
this issue, essentially. So, like, if a person,
for example, enters into a haram,
like, they just keep going and then we
arrive they arrive at Mecca. Right?
They they can enter the Haram there as
well, but there's a penalty that they have
to give because they they pass the point
that they should have been in Haram by.
There's a couple of issues I actually wanted
to mention. 1st is that you remember we
said that there's, like, you know, the the
Dhul Khalifa is the furthest of the Moakit?
If you exclude Dhul Khalifa because it's the
outlier. Right? And you make this like circle.
This is if you're coming from any direction
or from any road other than the road
of Iraq and Majdah or Yemen or Sham.
You just basically
you just basically, like,
interpolate between them
where your mikat would be. Right? So what
if a person lives, right, you know, between
and between.
Right? So then whatever the line between
when you when you cross it, that's where
your mikat is. Okay? This line for the
east or sorry. For the west, it actually
extends into the ocean.
That's why if you're flying from from from
here or from here,
they actually will make an announcement in the
plane
that you, you know, we will cross the
mihtat line in this many minutes, enter into
your haram if you, you know, if you're
planning if you're coming as a pilgrim. Right?
And they'll make the announcement actually a bit
early
because the plane the the pilot is often
not a.
And so they tell them they tell them,
like, just make announcement, like, 40 minutes before
your scheduled landing or whatever just to make
sure that you haven't crossed that line.
It's a little bit further. You have a
little bit more time than that. I wouldn't
push it if I were you. The intention
of not entering to the it's Makrul to
enter into the mikrul early because you're gonna
put yourself
through difficulty
by, being in in Iharam longer than you
absolutely need to. I think in the plane,
it's a little bit, you know, it's a
little bit better to enter into it a
little bit early because
the the difference is, like, 15 minutes.
And if you accidentally crossed it, then you
there's penalties you incur and things like that.
Right? So I I think that
the consideration of
of of cautiousness is more
more worthy at that point. Whereas if you're,
like, walking, it's not like you're gonna be
like, oh, we kept walking and we passed
late and didn't even know. You know? It
doesn't you know, walking doesn't work that way.
You can you know good good and well
where you are. Whereas in the plane, it's
not like that. In the plane, you're just
chit chatting to the next person, and they
tell you about the whatever new iPhone 7
or whatever
that it can, like, you know, transform
I do you have the yeah. Here's the
specs. You know? And, of course, you're you're
you missed it in mipat. You
know? There's another issue about what if what
about the people who live within that that
kind of dotted line circle? Where's their?
And for everybody who lives inside of that
area, their
is basically their house.
The door of their house. They they they
they're when if they wanna make Hajr, they
wanna make umrah,
they're the basically, they have to just make
a hiram from their home
to the point where there are people in
Makkah Mukarama that their homes are in Makkah,
and that's just they just make a hiram
from their homes.
Yeah. Are there any questions?
Which one did the Rasulullah
do on the 3?
This is a whole there's like a world
war amongst the ulama regarding this issue. They
they they there are people from the from
amongst the ulama. There are people who claim
that he did all of them.
What?
That there well, I wouldn't say that there's
no one who claims that he did, but
there's a difference of
ifrah or Quran.
Yeah.
But
the reality
is he did either Ifraad or Quran, and
he told everyone else to do.
So there's, like, a really a long complicated
discussion as to which is the preferred amongst
them, and, like, all of them have, like,
very important aliz. We'll discuss it. That's this
is not one of the issues where, like,
we'll discuss it in order to, like, have
you decide what your opinion is because who
are any of us to have an opinion
about any of this. But it's there's some
benefit in understanding the Hikma. Some people will
highlight that this is superior for this reason.
Someone will highlight that this is superior for
that reason, to know the wisdom in all
of it, and then you find which one
of them fits your
particular situation best and then to to to
choose that.
Otherwise, they used to have fights about this,
You know? And, like, in the old days
because people took Deenu seriously. You know? Instead,
it's it's not like, like, you know, just
because you're good for the you know? So,
like, one person made tamatru in the Hajj
group. Everybody else was all doing ifrad, and
they all dogged him out. And then he
saw the prophet in a dream and said,
because you did tamatru, I'll accept your Hajj.
And then he narrates it to everyone. They
have, like, you know, the the it's
we have 2 more inshallah lessons.
We'll go through we'll go through stuff inshallah.
Is in in like 3 minutes.