Hamzah Wald Maqbul – 13 Ramadan 1441 Late Night Majlis Ghazali’s Search Begins Addison 05062020

Hamzah Wald Maqbul
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AI: Summary ©

The speaker discusses the story of Muhammad Ali inflation and the book he wrote about his death. The book uses a similar approach to Moana's father, who was a doctor and teacher. The book's use of Arabic language and its influence on the writing of the Islamic Spirit led to the creation of the waif, a group of Shias who used their belief to support their own political projects. The speaker discusses the struggles of modern age and the importance of understanding and finding out the truth, including the return of the Abba's message to the Egyptians and the rise of doubt and confusion among shias involved in the conflict. The speaker also discusses their research on the theory of supreme reality and the importance of metaphysics in the field of science.

AI: Summary ©

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			Yesterday, we finished our reading from the, heirs
		
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			of the prophets,
		
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			the,
		
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			and there's a there's an appendix in it
		
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			that has
		
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			some some,
		
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			biographies
		
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			and anecdotes
		
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			with regards to the,
		
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			you know, with regards to the great scholars,
		
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			of the past, many of whom were mentioned
		
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			in the
		
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			in the in the book. Maybe we can
		
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			return to we can return to that section
		
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			later.
		
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			But for now, I wanna switch tracks
		
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			and, read some excerpts from a book,
		
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			written by Moana Seid Abu Hasan Ali Naddui,
		
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			Sheikul Masay.
		
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			He just a little background about him.
		
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			He was a brother in the tariqa of,
		
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			my, sheikh,
		
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			Sayed
		
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			Anwar Hussein Nafeez Shah. His Nafeez was his,
		
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			like,
		
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			pen name that he used for his, works
		
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			of calligraphy because he was a master, Khatib
		
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			scribe,
		
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			a calligrapher,
		
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			and poet.
		
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			And, he used it for he used the
		
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			the the Khalaf of Nafis for his poetry
		
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			and for his artwork.
		
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			And,
		
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			he passed away in 2007, maybe,
		
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			I would say, just a couple of months
		
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			after I came back to America from from
		
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			studying in Madrasa.
		
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			The last time I went to the Hanukkah
		
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			was to give him the good news that,
		
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			I received
		
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			my
		
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			and,
		
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			from the Madrasah. He had been a great,
		
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			encouragement and instrumental in getting me,
		
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			getting me admitted to
		
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			the place where I would end up studying
		
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			studying. So I wanted to give him the
		
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			good news, and by that time, he had
		
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			already,
		
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			slipped out of consciousness, and and then he
		
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			would pass
		
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			away, in that unconsciousness,
		
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			several months later after
		
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			I returned home. I never I never got
		
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			the chance to see him again.
		
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			Envelop him in mercy in his mercy and
		
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			and raise his ranks,
		
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			amongst the.
		
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			So his dear friend and brother in the
		
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			Tariqa,
		
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			Moana Abul Hasan Ali Nadawi,
		
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			was director of the great Nadwatul Ullama, Madrasah
		
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			in Lucknow
		
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			in India,
		
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			which was an attempt to,
		
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			an attempt to synthesize
		
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			the traditionalist approach of Daoban
		
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			with, preparation
		
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			for, for the modern world whereas Deoban was,
		
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			kind of a
		
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			a resistance against that.
		
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			I think Nadua had a very similar
		
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			beginning in terms of their curriculum, but, their
		
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			outlook was a little
		
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			bit, a little bit different. And,
		
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			was, like, the intellectual
		
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			anchor that that anchored that, that madrassa. But
		
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			one of the reasons he was so loved
		
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			is because
		
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			precisely he took, he took the
		
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			he took the
		
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			the soul of and the spirituality
		
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			from the.
		
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			He was the Khalifa,
		
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			along with our Sheikh
		
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			of the, Sheikh Shah Abdel Kader,
		
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			from Raipur, who was the Khalifa of the
		
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			Sheikh Shah Abdul Rahim, who was a Khalifa
		
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			of the Sheikh,
		
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			Rashid Ahmed Gangohi, one of the 2 founders
		
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			of Deoband.
		
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			And then from there,
		
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			the the goes up through the.
		
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			I mentioned those names not necessarily in order
		
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			to make a,
		
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			you know, some sort of, like, a long
		
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			title uselessly, but just to mention the
		
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			These are great and
		
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			their their, I mentioned their names. So in
		
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			case you're interested in in knowing who they
		
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			are, you can go through,
		
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			the previous late night,
		
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			Majlis',
		
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			and, in previous years, and we actually mentioned
		
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			the,
		
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			the the stories about about those particular,
		
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			mashaikh
		
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			so you can do that. But,
		
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			his initial,
		
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			his initial
		
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			sheikh in the in the in the tariqa
		
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			was,
		
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			Muna
		
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			Muhammad Ali Lahori,
		
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			who
		
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			was,
		
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			also himself a great and
		
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			a great, Alem.
		
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			He used to, teach,
		
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			the Dura of the Tafsir, the Quran, and,
		
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			from all over the all over the subcontinent
		
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			would gather in order to hear his
		
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			his,
		
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			his tafsir.
		
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			Someone recently sent me an anecdote about his
		
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			life because, many of these Mashaik were there,
		
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			during the time of the British occupation,
		
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			and some of them also passed away before
		
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			their homeland was free.
		
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			And so
		
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			one of the most, like, boss
		
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			like anecdotes I ever heard was Muhammad Ali
		
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			Lahori.
		
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			The British wanted him to validate their rule
		
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			and he said, I'm sorry. I can't do
		
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			that.
		
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			And,
		
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			they wanted him to say that the British
		
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			are the legitimate rulers of the South continent.
		
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			He said, nope. And so they tortured him.
		
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			And one of the tortures that they did
		
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			was they laid his body down and chained
		
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			it to a block of ice.
		
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			You have to wonder what kind of weird,
		
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			and what kind of, like, psycho people these
		
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			were. Allah give them,
		
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			Allah give them what they deserve,
		
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			when Allah give them what they deserve. So
		
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			they laid him down on a block of
		
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			ice,
		
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			and basically almost froze him to death,
		
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			and one can imagine how much that would
		
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			that would be painful.
		
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			And so when he was basically had about
		
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			as much ice as a human body can
		
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			take, you know, before before dying or going
		
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			to hypothermia,
		
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			they unchained him, and they say, what do
		
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			you think now?
		
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			And he said
		
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			he said he said he said he said
		
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			the body has become cold but the iman
		
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			is hotter than ever and if that's not
		
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			boss, I don't know. I don't know what
		
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			is.
		
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			So, at any rate, so that was the
		
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			first sheikh of Mullan Abu Hasan Ali Naddui
		
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			then he passed away and then he took
		
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			the tariq from Shabdul
		
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			Kadir, from whom he received the khilafa.
		
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			And he wrote a bunch of books. And
		
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			one of the interesting things about his books
		
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			that he wrote was that he wrote them
		
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			both in Urdu and in Arabic. His
		
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			his,
		
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			practical command of the Arabic language was far
		
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			stronger than that of most of the Ulema
		
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			of the sub continent, many of whom are
		
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			are very,
		
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			adept at,
		
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			using, the language language for textual analysis. But,
		
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			like, if you ask them to speak, they
		
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			may not be super great good at it,
		
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			or if you ask them to write, they
		
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			may not be super good at it. But
		
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			there are a number of masha'if,
		
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			who who are known for their command over
		
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			the Arabic language,
		
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			in all four fluency skills, in in in
		
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			speaking just as much as listening and then
		
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			and writing just as much as reading. And
		
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			so he was one of them. He would
		
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			oftentimes
		
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			address,
		
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			the the different gatherings of scholars or the
		
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			different gatherings of Arab leaders in the Arabic
		
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			language. You can find YouTube videos of his,
		
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			bands in Arabic as well as in Urdu,
		
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			and he was a very prolific writer and
		
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			he was a person who engaged the topic
		
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			of modernity
		
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			very fearlessly and he dealt with it in
		
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			a very in a very principled manner. And
		
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			he wrote a number of books
		
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			that were designed to be, a motivation for
		
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			the to get back to the work that
		
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			it's supposed to be doing and that that
		
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			in many ways, it it seems to have
		
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			kind of,
		
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			taken taken more than its, you know, lawful
		
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			15 minutes of
		
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			break for. And so,
		
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			this book is one of those books.
		
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			He published it in Urdu, under the name
		
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			Tari, under the name or the title of
		
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			and he,
		
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			wrote it also in Arabic, and it's published
		
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			under the title Rigalu Dawa Ul Fikr Rigalu
		
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			Dawa Ul Fikr.
		
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			And so it it is composed of a
		
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			number of biographies.
		
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			During his lifetime, I think one of his
		
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			disciples who was a little bit better at
		
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			English
		
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			rendered it under his supervision into English,
		
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			but it's it's still a kind of a
		
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			subcontinental
		
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			English. It it's definitely better than most of
		
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			the translations you get from the Indian subcontinent
		
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			from that era,
		
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			but, it could use a little bit of
		
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			work. So the first volume of the, of
		
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			this,
		
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			this work, first three volumes were, I think,
		
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			translated during his lifetime and published under the
		
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			under the title Saviors of the Islamic Spirit.
		
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			And so from those first three volumes, there's
		
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			been a kind of a new edition of
		
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			the first volume, a cleaned up edition that
		
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			Mufti Abdul Rahman Mangera from, London,
		
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			has published,
		
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			and I
		
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			had 2 copies.
		
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			1 I gifted and 1 I gave to
		
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			a brother who was, trying to get married
		
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			to
		
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			a woman,
		
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			and, so he's like, hey. I have to
		
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			give her get her a gift. I'm like,
		
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			why don't you give her this? It didn't
		
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			work but hopefully she's inspired Islamically as well
		
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			with whatever happened with her life.
		
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			So at any rate,
		
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			we continue and that's how life goes, goes,
		
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			ladies and gentlemen.
		
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			We continue with the chapter that I wanted
		
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			to start with tonight,
		
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			which was a chapter
		
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			about Imam Al Ghazali. So, he talks about
		
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			who Ghazali was in great detail and you
		
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			know, Imam Ghazali is a name that's mentioned
		
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			a lot. A lot of people
		
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			hear the name and they have no idea
		
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			who it is and some people have,
		
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			really positive feelings when they hear the name
		
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			Ghazali and they don't know who he is
		
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			and some people have some very negative feelings
		
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			about Ghazali. They also don't know who he
		
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			is. So, it's good to kinda know who
		
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			who who he was, who his influences were,
		
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			what the historical backdrop
		
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			to his writing was,
		
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			what the,
		
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			you know,
		
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			what the,
		
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			you know, the political backdrop was, what the
		
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			economic
		
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			scene was, what the intellectual scene was. It's
		
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			good to know all of these things and
		
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			part of it is, you know, if you
		
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			listen, you'll realize that stuff was kind of
		
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			messed up in the past as well, which
		
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			is a little bit depressing at first because
		
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			we like to think that everything was wonderful
		
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			until some nondescript CAFR trashed our countries but,
		
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			that's unfortunately kinda not how it is.
		
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			But the reason that it is good for
		
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			us to know
		
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			is that, we realize that,
		
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			you know, we realize in knowing that that
		
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			we are in control of our destiny and
		
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			our fate, that we've messed it up really
		
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			bad in the past and we've also gotten
		
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			it together as well, really good in the
		
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			past. And we had external enemies that overwhelmed
		
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			us in the past and we've gotten them
		
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			back and we've had internal problems that have
		
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			overwhelmed us in the past and we've rectified
		
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			those as well.
		
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			So, you know, the part of
		
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			the part of the solution is to take
		
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			agency for our fate and to, you know,
		
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			see what the road map is if we
		
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			wanna fix things or make things right again.
		
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			How did they do it in the past?
		
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			How did it work out for them in
		
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			the past so that we can perhaps try
		
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			to do the same thing again rather
		
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			than, you know, just to kinda romanticize and
		
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			daydream about some magical caliphate that's gonna like,
		
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			you know, I don't know, make Coca Cola
		
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			come out of the water fountains or something
		
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			one day.
		
00:11:36 --> 00:11:36
			So,
		
00:11:37 --> 00:11:40
			it's 8th chapter of Moana's book. Allah Subhanahu
		
00:11:40 --> 00:11:41
			Wa Ta'ala Raises Rank. By the way, Moana
		
00:11:41 --> 00:11:42
			passed away in
		
00:11:43 --> 00:11:45
			2,000, Mullana Abu Hasan Ali Naddui.
		
00:11:46 --> 00:11:46
			He,
		
00:11:47 --> 00:11:48
			it was a Friday.
		
00:11:48 --> 00:11:50
			He was waiting for the Mubarak hour of
		
00:11:50 --> 00:11:53
			Jumuah, and he had read the Surat Kah,
		
00:11:53 --> 00:11:54
			and he had still, like, 10 minutes before
		
00:11:54 --> 00:11:56
			salat, and so he he thought, I'll start
		
00:11:56 --> 00:11:59
			reading Surat Yaseen as well. So when he
		
00:11:59 --> 00:12:00
			got to the verse,
		
00:12:07 --> 00:12:09
			indeed, you your
		
00:12:10 --> 00:12:12
			warning is going to benefit no one except
		
00:12:12 --> 00:12:13
			for
		
00:12:15 --> 00:12:18
			the one who follows and submits to this
		
00:12:18 --> 00:12:18
			reminder,
		
00:12:20 --> 00:12:22
			and fears his lord from from the unseen.
		
00:12:25 --> 00:12:28
			Fears the most merciful from the unseen.
		
00:12:31 --> 00:12:33
			Give such a person glad tidings
		
00:12:33 --> 00:12:34
			of mercy
		
00:12:34 --> 00:12:36
			and of a generous reward.
		
00:12:37 --> 00:12:37
			And with that,
		
00:12:38 --> 00:12:39
			his soul,
		
00:12:39 --> 00:12:40
			departed,
		
00:12:41 --> 00:12:42
			departed from this broken,
		
00:12:43 --> 00:12:45
			from this broken world. Allah,
		
00:12:46 --> 00:12:47
			elevate his rank
		
00:12:48 --> 00:12:48
			and,
		
00:12:49 --> 00:12:51
			elevate the rank of all those who carried
		
00:12:51 --> 00:12:52
			his with him,
		
00:12:53 --> 00:12:55
			with them and, who did this work and
		
00:12:55 --> 00:12:56
			who
		
00:12:56 --> 00:12:59
			strove for the rectification of of the Muhammad
		
00:13:02 --> 00:13:03
			So chapter 7, Al Ghazali.
		
00:13:04 --> 00:13:08
			Abuhamad Mohammed Atusi. Al Ghazali was born in
		
00:13:08 --> 00:13:08
			Tus,
		
00:13:09 --> 00:13:09
			at Taburan,
		
00:13:10 --> 00:13:11
			in 450,
		
00:13:12 --> 00:13:14
			after Hijra. He lost his father while still
		
00:13:14 --> 00:13:17
			very young, although his father had entrusted him
		
00:13:17 --> 00:13:19
			to the care of a mystic friend, meaning
		
00:13:19 --> 00:13:19
			a Sufi,
		
00:13:20 --> 00:13:22
			he got himself admitted in a seminary for
		
00:13:22 --> 00:13:24
			receiving education. So he went to a madrasa
		
00:13:24 --> 00:13:25
			for education.
		
00:13:25 --> 00:13:27
			Tus, by the way, is, the modern city
		
00:13:27 --> 00:13:30
			of Mashhad. We had a a classmate who
		
00:13:30 --> 00:13:32
			studied with us in Pakistan from Tuz. It's
		
00:13:32 --> 00:13:33
			in the Khorasan
		
00:13:34 --> 00:13:37
			province of the modern, nation state of Iran.
		
00:13:38 --> 00:13:38
			And,
		
00:13:39 --> 00:13:41
			the majority of the the the inhabitants of
		
00:13:41 --> 00:13:44
			Tuz to this day are are Sunnis with
		
00:13:44 --> 00:13:44
			the exception of
		
00:13:45 --> 00:13:46
			there's a large
		
00:13:47 --> 00:13:47
			shrine
		
00:13:47 --> 00:13:49
			that the, that
		
00:13:50 --> 00:13:50
			maintained,
		
00:13:51 --> 00:13:52
			in that city.
		
00:13:53 --> 00:13:55
			The the sheikh who's the sheikh from the
		
00:13:55 --> 00:13:56
			Ahlulbayt who's buried there.
		
00:13:57 --> 00:13:59
			We you know, our mashaikh say that that
		
00:13:59 --> 00:14:01
			he was also from the tariqa, the sunnah,
		
00:14:01 --> 00:14:03
			but, at any rate, the shrine is run
		
00:14:03 --> 00:14:05
			by run by, people of heterodoxy,
		
00:14:06 --> 00:14:07
			and Allah knows best.
		
00:14:08 --> 00:14:10
			Ghazali first studied the Shafi'i system of jurisprudence
		
00:14:10 --> 00:14:11
			from Sheikh Abdul Rahman,
		
00:14:12 --> 00:14:14
			Razgani in his hometown and then moved to
		
00:14:14 --> 00:14:15
			Jurjan,
		
00:14:16 --> 00:14:17
			or Gurgaon in Persian,
		
00:14:18 --> 00:14:20
			for completing, the course from Abu Nasser,
		
00:14:21 --> 00:14:24
			Ismaili here. Ismaili is not doesn't mean Shia
		
00:14:24 --> 00:14:24
			Ismaili, but,
		
00:14:26 --> 00:14:27
			it's just a nisba.
		
00:14:28 --> 00:14:30
			Thereafter, Ghazali went to Nishapur where he became
		
00:14:30 --> 00:14:33
			a disciple of Imam al Haramain. Imam al
		
00:14:33 --> 00:14:34
			Haramain is,
		
00:14:34 --> 00:14:36
			Imam al Juwayni,
		
00:14:36 --> 00:14:38
			who himself is a really amazing person. His
		
00:14:38 --> 00:14:41
			books are amazing. He is he is a
		
00:14:41 --> 00:14:42
			a genius of,
		
00:14:43 --> 00:14:45
			of of, you know, of of of the
		
00:14:45 --> 00:14:48
			first rate. And in his genius, he, you
		
00:14:48 --> 00:14:49
			know,
		
00:14:49 --> 00:14:51
			I don't think anyone can claim that he
		
00:14:51 --> 00:14:53
			was even behind Ghazali. I don't think that
		
00:14:53 --> 00:14:55
			that would be a legitimate claim.
		
00:14:56 --> 00:14:59
			His outstanding intellectual gifts were soon recognized, and
		
00:14:59 --> 00:15:01
			he was appointed as an assistant of his
		
00:15:01 --> 00:15:03
			reputed teacher who used to say that Ghazali
		
00:15:03 --> 00:15:05
			possessed an encyclopedic knowledge.
		
00:15:06 --> 00:15:08
			Although only 28 when he left Nishapur after
		
00:15:08 --> 00:15:10
			the death of his mentor in 478,
		
00:15:11 --> 00:15:13
			he was held in, greater
		
00:15:13 --> 00:15:16
			than many other aged doctors of his time.
		
00:15:16 --> 00:15:18
			Doctors here doesn't mean like a a,
		
00:15:19 --> 00:15:21
			you know, a radiologist or or a pediatrician,
		
00:15:21 --> 00:15:24
			but meaning meaning professors of of of of
		
00:15:24 --> 00:15:25
			the knowledge of Din.
		
00:15:26 --> 00:15:28
			He went to Nizam al Mulk, the prime
		
00:15:28 --> 00:15:29
			minister of Malik Shah,
		
00:15:30 --> 00:15:32
			who accorded Ghazali a coveted place in his
		
00:15:32 --> 00:15:34
			court. So Nizam al Mulk is a really
		
00:15:34 --> 00:15:36
			important person. Nizam al Mulk is a really
		
00:15:36 --> 00:15:37
			important person.
		
00:15:38 --> 00:15:40
			He was a prime minister of the Seljuk,
		
00:15:40 --> 00:15:42
			of the Seljuk court
		
00:15:42 --> 00:15:45
			and, he he was basically a person who
		
00:15:45 --> 00:15:47
			understood that the power of the state
		
00:15:48 --> 00:15:49
			lies,
		
00:15:49 --> 00:15:52
			as much in civilization as it does in
		
00:15:52 --> 00:15:53
			military and economic,
		
00:15:54 --> 00:15:54
			power
		
00:15:55 --> 00:15:55
			and so,
		
00:15:57 --> 00:16:00
			you know, Moana will speak about him a
		
00:16:00 --> 00:16:01
			little bit but, Allah
		
00:16:02 --> 00:16:04
			have mercy on him. And his Amu Mulk,
		
00:16:04 --> 00:16:05
			he's essentially
		
00:16:06 --> 00:16:08
			the, the one who inaugurated the institutional,
		
00:16:10 --> 00:16:12
			the institutional form of the madrasah in the
		
00:16:12 --> 00:16:13
			Muslim world that it would take,
		
00:16:14 --> 00:16:16
			in some lands until this day.
		
00:16:17 --> 00:16:20
			Nizam al Mook, fostered arts and literature by
		
00:16:20 --> 00:16:21
			lavish patronage.
		
00:16:22 --> 00:16:24
			Scholars in different branches of learning had gathered
		
00:16:24 --> 00:16:26
			around him, and discussions on literary and other
		
00:16:26 --> 00:16:29
			academic topics had become an everyday affair.
		
00:16:29 --> 00:16:31
			Ghazali had no match for his genius, as
		
00:16:31 --> 00:16:34
			well as his polemical brilliance in these debates.
		
00:16:34 --> 00:16:37
			Impressed by his outstanding intellectual gifts, Nizam al
		
00:16:37 --> 00:16:40
			Mulk selected Ghazali in 484 for appointment as
		
00:16:40 --> 00:16:41
			professor
		
00:16:41 --> 00:16:43
			at the famous Nizamiyah,
		
00:16:43 --> 00:16:45
			Madrasah in Baghdad.
		
00:16:45 --> 00:16:46
			And,
		
00:16:46 --> 00:16:49
			Madrasah at that time was essentially like the
		
00:16:49 --> 00:16:51
			greatest university of the world, although the word
		
00:16:51 --> 00:16:55
			madrasa nowadays is oftentimes used pejoratively, but, you
		
00:16:55 --> 00:16:55
			know,
		
00:16:56 --> 00:16:57
			it means a place of study,
		
00:16:58 --> 00:16:59
			literally. So,
		
00:17:00 --> 00:17:00
			it
		
00:17:01 --> 00:17:03
			it means both, you know, alif Batah study
		
00:17:03 --> 00:17:06
			as well as university. But the Madrasa Nivamiyyah
		
00:17:06 --> 00:17:08
			was was was definitely
		
00:17:08 --> 00:17:11
			the greatest and most well funded, place of
		
00:17:11 --> 00:17:12
			study,
		
00:17:12 --> 00:17:14
			in the world at the time.
		
00:17:14 --> 00:17:16
			This was the most coveted
		
00:17:16 --> 00:17:18
			academic position of the time, although Ghazali was
		
00:17:18 --> 00:17:21
			not more than 34 years of age. His
		
00:17:21 --> 00:17:22
			renown as a as a savant,
		
00:17:23 --> 00:17:24
			as a Alem,
		
00:17:24 --> 00:17:26
			and he says a little bit of that
		
00:17:26 --> 00:17:27
			old school English.
		
00:17:27 --> 00:17:30
			Teacher and eloquent speaker spread so rapidly that
		
00:17:30 --> 00:17:32
			his lectures began to become overcrowded by an
		
00:17:32 --> 00:17:34
			ever larger number of students and scholars.
		
00:17:35 --> 00:17:36
			Sometimes in addition,
		
00:17:37 --> 00:17:41
			sometimes in addition to as many as 300
		
00:17:41 --> 00:17:44
			students, hundreds of nobles and chiefs attended his
		
00:17:44 --> 00:17:44
			lectures. Ghazali soon came to occupy on account
		
00:17:44 --> 00:17:44
			of his
		
00:17:45 --> 00:17:48
			Ghazali soon came to occupy on account of
		
00:17:48 --> 00:17:51
			his scholarship, intelligence, and forceful personality,
		
00:17:51 --> 00:17:53
			such a position of eminence in Baghdad that
		
00:17:53 --> 00:17:56
			that he was regarded as a compere
		
00:17:56 --> 00:17:58
			of the grandees and chiefs of state,
		
00:17:59 --> 00:18:00
			meaning he was
		
00:18:00 --> 00:18:02
			basically He was like a huge time celebrity.
		
00:18:05 --> 00:18:07
			In prestige and solemnity,
		
00:18:07 --> 00:18:10
			according to a chronicler of his time, Ghazali
		
00:18:10 --> 00:18:11
			surpassed the nobility
		
00:18:11 --> 00:18:13
			of Baghdad, even the caliphate,
		
00:18:14 --> 00:18:16
			which is not which is not hard to
		
00:18:16 --> 00:18:17
			hard to believe because,
		
00:18:18 --> 00:18:19
			those people, at the end of the day,
		
00:18:19 --> 00:18:20
			they're politicians.
		
00:18:20 --> 00:18:21
			The everyday people,
		
00:18:22 --> 00:18:23
			know that that one of them will kill
		
00:18:23 --> 00:18:25
			another and take his place tomorrow,
		
00:18:25 --> 00:18:27
			just like, the one who is in his
		
00:18:27 --> 00:18:30
			place today, killed another yesterday.
		
00:18:31 --> 00:18:31
			And,
		
00:18:31 --> 00:18:32
			you know, they
		
00:18:32 --> 00:18:34
			they they knew that that was just the
		
00:18:34 --> 00:18:36
			ups and downs of the dunya, but the
		
00:18:36 --> 00:18:39
			ulama, they they they counted on them to
		
00:18:39 --> 00:18:42
			be their najat and their manja, their salvation
		
00:18:42 --> 00:18:43
			for this world and the hereafter.
		
00:18:44 --> 00:18:48
			In 4/85, after Hijra, the Abbasi Khalifa Muqtadibillah
		
00:18:49 --> 00:18:51
			appointed him as his ambassador in the court
		
00:18:51 --> 00:18:53
			of Turhan Khatun,
		
00:18:53 --> 00:18:54
			who then headed
		
00:18:56 --> 00:18:57
			the Seljukid Empire.
		
00:18:57 --> 00:18:59
			Another, Abbasi Khalifa,
		
00:19:00 --> 00:19:01
			Mustahazir
		
00:19:01 --> 00:19:02
			Billah,
		
00:19:03 --> 00:19:05
			held Ghazali in high esteem, and it was
		
00:19:05 --> 00:19:07
			on his behest that he wrote a single
		
00:19:07 --> 00:19:08
			treatise
		
00:19:08 --> 00:19:10
			to refute the cult of the Ba'athinis.
		
00:19:11 --> 00:19:13
			He named that book the Mustahidiyah,
		
00:19:14 --> 00:19:15
			after the Khalifa.
		
00:19:16 --> 00:19:17
			And so the Ba'athinis
		
00:19:17 --> 00:19:18
			are,
		
00:19:18 --> 00:19:21
			the Ba'athinis are a heterodox group of Shias,
		
00:19:21 --> 00:19:23
			but they're different than the the the If
		
00:19:23 --> 00:19:25
			not, actually, Shias of Iran.
		
00:19:25 --> 00:19:27
			The Bhutanese were like,
		
00:19:27 --> 00:19:28
			you know, they were
		
00:19:30 --> 00:19:32
			the cult of Gulat that ruled Egypt at
		
00:19:32 --> 00:19:33
			the time and,
		
00:19:34 --> 00:19:34
			they basically
		
00:19:35 --> 00:19:37
			held that there is the Quran.
		
00:19:37 --> 00:19:40
			It's words are, you know, a rams. They're
		
00:19:41 --> 00:19:43
			like a secret code for some sort of
		
00:19:43 --> 00:19:44
			secret knowledge, and
		
00:19:44 --> 00:19:47
			like spiritually inept people will never understand what
		
00:19:47 --> 00:19:48
			it really means,
		
00:19:49 --> 00:19:50
			but the secret imam understands what it really
		
00:19:50 --> 00:19:52
			means. And once you understand what it really
		
00:19:52 --> 00:19:53
			means, you don't gotta pray anymore or follow
		
00:19:53 --> 00:19:55
			the sharia or whatever.
		
00:19:55 --> 00:19:56
			And so,
		
00:19:57 --> 00:19:59
			they had a great political power. They ruled
		
00:19:59 --> 00:20:01
			Egypt for 250 years. The Egyptians,
		
00:20:01 --> 00:20:04
			by and large, did not accept their interpretations
		
00:20:04 --> 00:20:07
			of din, and they were ousted by Sultan
		
00:20:07 --> 00:20:10
			Sahadin Ayubi, Allah ta'ala, exalt his rank and
		
00:20:10 --> 00:20:11
			forgive his sins,
		
00:20:13 --> 00:20:13
			but,
		
00:20:14 --> 00:20:16
			but, inshallah, we'll talk about that a little
		
00:20:16 --> 00:20:18
			bit later. But, and
		
00:20:19 --> 00:20:20
			the thing is the Badinis actually, they were
		
00:20:20 --> 00:20:22
			the ones who started the madrasa system first
		
00:20:22 --> 00:20:23
			before the Sunnis did,
		
00:20:24 --> 00:20:26
			in order to, in order to, I guess,
		
00:20:26 --> 00:20:27
			proselytize people,
		
00:20:28 --> 00:20:30
			to become their fanatic supporters
		
00:20:30 --> 00:20:31
			for
		
00:20:32 --> 00:20:33
			their project,
		
00:20:33 --> 00:20:34
			and
		
00:20:34 --> 00:20:35
			like many
		
00:20:37 --> 00:20:39
			weird weird things that people have been that
		
00:20:39 --> 00:20:42
			I did, like the early adoption of Greek
		
00:20:42 --> 00:20:44
			logic or the formalization
		
00:20:44 --> 00:20:45
			of
		
00:20:47 --> 00:20:49
			of of, you know, grammar or whatever. The
		
00:20:49 --> 00:20:52
			Sunnis will lag and adopt later on but
		
00:20:52 --> 00:20:53
			then they'll
		
00:20:55 --> 00:20:57
			master those instruments and use them in the
		
00:20:57 --> 00:20:58
			defense of the Sunnah
		
00:20:58 --> 00:21:01
			far more effectively than the people of
		
00:21:02 --> 00:21:03
			heterodoxy ever can.
		
00:21:04 --> 00:21:06
			Al Ghazali's intellectual crisis.
		
00:21:06 --> 00:21:09
			During this period of prosperity, worldly fame, and
		
00:21:09 --> 00:21:11
			brilliant achievement for which a scholar can aspire,
		
00:21:12 --> 00:21:14
			it was only natural that Ghazali should have
		
00:21:14 --> 00:21:16
			led a life of contentment as most of
		
00:21:16 --> 00:21:19
			the scholars usually do. But for a man
		
00:21:19 --> 00:21:22
			of lofty ideals, creative genius, and intellectual grit
		
00:21:22 --> 00:21:25
			as Ghazali was, it was unthinkable that he
		
00:21:25 --> 00:21:28
			should rest satisfied merely with position and prestige.
		
00:21:29 --> 00:21:31
			There can be no denying the fact that
		
00:21:31 --> 00:21:33
			this very internal conflict and disquietude,
		
00:21:35 --> 00:21:37
			in it, the Promethean quest made him a
		
00:21:37 --> 00:21:38
			renovator of the faith.
		
00:21:40 --> 00:21:43
			However, history can offer but few such striking
		
00:21:43 --> 00:21:46
			examples where one had abandoned a brilliant career,
		
00:21:46 --> 00:21:49
			fame, and position for the satisfaction of his
		
00:21:49 --> 00:21:50
			soul.
		
00:21:50 --> 00:21:50
			Ghazali,
		
00:21:51 --> 00:21:53
			has himself described the deep inner struggle which
		
00:21:53 --> 00:21:55
			forced him to give up all the worldly
		
00:21:55 --> 00:21:57
			possessions, including his teaching vocation
		
00:21:59 --> 00:22:01
			and to withdraw into a life of zuhud,
		
00:22:02 --> 00:22:03
			and solitary
		
00:22:03 --> 00:22:04
			contemplation.
		
00:22:04 --> 00:22:07
			He writes in his, Munqif Minat Balal,
		
00:22:07 --> 00:22:09
			deliverance from error.
		
00:22:10 --> 00:22:11
			From the days of my early youth, I
		
00:22:11 --> 00:22:13
			had a critical disposition. I met the people
		
00:22:13 --> 00:22:16
			belonging to every cult and creed, inquired about
		
00:22:16 --> 00:22:18
			their faith and tenets, which in due course
		
00:22:18 --> 00:22:19
			made me disregard the beaten path.
		
00:22:20 --> 00:22:22
			The faith I had inculcated from my childhood
		
00:22:22 --> 00:22:25
			was shaken for I thought the children born
		
00:22:25 --> 00:22:27
			to Jews and Christians too develop similar conviction
		
00:22:27 --> 00:22:28
			in their own religions.
		
00:22:29 --> 00:22:31
			The knowledge should not, as a matter of
		
00:22:31 --> 00:22:34
			fact, admit, of any doubt in regard to
		
00:22:34 --> 00:22:37
			its veracity as, for instance, I know that
		
00:22:37 --> 00:22:37
			10,
		
00:22:38 --> 00:22:40
			is more than 3. If anyone puts forward
		
00:22:40 --> 00:22:42
			a claim that 3 exceeds 10 and turns
		
00:22:42 --> 00:22:44
			a staff into a snake in support of
		
00:22:44 --> 00:22:46
			his claim, I would be surprised at his
		
00:22:46 --> 00:22:48
			feet but my conviction that 10 exceeds 3
		
00:22:48 --> 00:22:49
			would remain unchanged.
		
00:22:50 --> 00:22:51
			That's very deep, by the way.
		
00:22:54 --> 00:22:55
			That's very deep.
		
00:22:57 --> 00:22:59
			These are the people who bring us our
		
00:22:59 --> 00:23:01
			kalam, you know, the people with these types
		
00:23:01 --> 00:23:04
			of sharp insights. They're the ones who say,
		
00:23:09 --> 00:23:10
			the first thing that is
		
00:23:11 --> 00:23:13
			a wajib, an obligation on a person is
		
00:23:13 --> 00:23:15
			to correct their iman.
		
00:23:17 --> 00:23:19
			He said, if anyone puts forward a claim
		
00:23:19 --> 00:23:21
			that 3 exceeds 10 and then turns a
		
00:23:21 --> 00:23:23
			staff into a snake in support of his
		
00:23:23 --> 00:23:25
			claim, I would be surprised at his feet
		
00:23:25 --> 00:23:28
			but my conviction that, 10 exceeds 3 would
		
00:23:28 --> 00:23:29
			remain unchanged.
		
00:23:29 --> 00:23:31
			When I contemplated over the matter, I found
		
00:23:31 --> 00:23:33
			that true cognition was possible only
		
00:23:35 --> 00:23:36
			only in the realm of sense perception and
		
00:23:36 --> 00:23:39
			the, conceptual faculty of grasping those rational principles
		
00:23:39 --> 00:23:41
			which are more or less self evident.
		
00:23:42 --> 00:23:45
			But on further reflection, I realized that these
		
00:23:45 --> 00:23:47
			2 are not beyond doubt. Amongst the senses
		
00:23:47 --> 00:23:50
			possessed by human beings, the perception by sense
		
00:23:50 --> 00:23:53
			seated in the eye is the strongest but
		
00:23:53 --> 00:23:54
			that too commits mistakes.
		
00:23:54 --> 00:23:57
			Thereafter, the dubiousness in regards to the senses
		
00:23:57 --> 00:23:59
			increased to such an extent that I lost
		
00:23:59 --> 00:24:01
			all faith in the infallibility of the senses.
		
00:24:01 --> 00:24:03
			Then I turned to intellect but found it
		
00:24:03 --> 00:24:05
			even more doubtful and weaker than the senses.
		
00:24:06 --> 00:24:08
			For about 2 months, my skepticism led me
		
00:24:08 --> 00:24:09
			to doubt the possibility of
		
00:24:16 --> 00:24:18
			sense of satisfaction the sense of satisfaction over
		
00:24:18 --> 00:24:19
			conceptual cognition.
		
00:24:19 --> 00:24:22
			It was not, however, owing to any,
		
00:24:24 --> 00:24:25
			concentration of,
		
00:24:33 --> 00:24:35
			invoking, any reason or arguments,
		
00:24:36 --> 00:24:38
			but, simply on account of,
		
00:24:38 --> 00:24:40
			a light which Allah put into my heart.
		
00:24:42 --> 00:24:43
			After emerging from earlier,
		
00:24:44 --> 00:24:46
			states of doubt, I had 4 groups before
		
00:24:46 --> 00:24:48
			me who seemed to be engaged in the
		
00:24:49 --> 00:24:50
			search after truth.
		
00:24:50 --> 00:24:51
			These were the dialecticians,
		
00:24:52 --> 00:24:55
			the the the Mu'takkalimun, who claimed to possess
		
00:24:55 --> 00:24:56
			insight and wisdom.
		
00:24:56 --> 00:24:58
			The Ba'athinis who insisted on a hidden, true,
		
00:24:58 --> 00:24:59
			deeper,
		
00:24:59 --> 00:25:02
			knowledge vouchsafed to them through their impeachable
		
00:25:02 --> 00:25:03
			unimpeachable
		
00:25:04 --> 00:25:07
			and impeccable Imams, the philosophers who irrigated themselves
		
00:25:07 --> 00:25:09
			as masters of logic and reason, and the
		
00:25:09 --> 00:25:12
			Sufis who laid claim to be illuminated and
		
00:25:12 --> 00:25:13
			favored with,
		
00:25:14 --> 00:25:16
			beatificive vision, with with basically
		
00:25:17 --> 00:25:18
			divine,
		
00:25:18 --> 00:25:19
			vision of divine
		
00:25:20 --> 00:25:20
			origin.
		
00:25:21 --> 00:25:23
			I proceeded to explore the ideas and thoughts
		
00:25:23 --> 00:25:23
			with
		
00:25:24 --> 00:25:26
			all of them. I studied the writings of
		
00:25:26 --> 00:25:27
			reputed
		
00:25:28 --> 00:25:28
			dialecticians,
		
00:25:29 --> 00:25:30
			meaning the motu kalimon,
		
00:25:30 --> 00:25:32
			and authorities of the science, and
		
00:25:35 --> 00:25:37
			myself penned a few of these treatises.
		
00:25:37 --> 00:25:39
			I reached the conclusion that although this branch
		
00:25:39 --> 00:25:41
			of learning fulfilled its object,
		
00:25:42 --> 00:25:44
			it was not sufficient for my purpose as
		
00:25:44 --> 00:25:46
			it argued on the premises put forth by
		
00:25:46 --> 00:25:48
			its opponents. This is something really important because,
		
00:25:48 --> 00:25:51
			those people are the, I guess, the antagonists
		
00:25:51 --> 00:25:53
			of Ilmukhollam. They say that, you know, one
		
00:25:53 --> 00:25:55
			of the proofs against it is that it's
		
00:25:55 --> 00:25:56
			written in the,
		
00:25:57 --> 00:26:00
			it's written in the the the the Aristotelian
		
00:26:00 --> 00:26:02
			logic and in the style
		
00:26:02 --> 00:26:03
			of,
		
00:26:04 --> 00:26:06
			of, of people, of Kufr,
		
00:26:07 --> 00:26:07
			and
		
00:26:07 --> 00:26:10
			therefore, it's not an accurate or proper presentation
		
00:26:10 --> 00:26:10
			of
		
00:26:11 --> 00:26:12
			Din. And,
		
00:26:13 --> 00:26:14
			you know, the purpose of it
		
00:26:15 --> 00:26:16
			is to refute,
		
00:26:16 --> 00:26:19
			refute the people of a particular bidah
		
00:26:19 --> 00:26:20
			and in that sense,
		
00:26:20 --> 00:26:22
			that's kinda how it has to be but
		
00:26:22 --> 00:26:24
			it isn't the din itself.
		
00:26:26 --> 00:26:28
			It isn't the dean itself. So Ghazali is,
		
00:26:28 --> 00:26:29
			I guess,
		
00:26:31 --> 00:26:33
			remarking about that. He says, I
		
00:26:34 --> 00:26:36
			reached the conclusion that although this branch of
		
00:26:36 --> 00:26:37
			learning fulfilled its object,
		
00:26:38 --> 00:26:39
			it was not sufficient for my purpose as
		
00:26:39 --> 00:26:41
			it argued on the premises put forth by
		
00:26:41 --> 00:26:42
			its opponents.
		
00:26:43 --> 00:26:43
			The dialecticians,
		
00:26:44 --> 00:26:46
			have to rely on a number of premises
		
00:26:47 --> 00:26:50
			and propositions which they accept in common with
		
00:26:50 --> 00:26:52
			the philosophers or they are obliged to accept,
		
00:26:53 --> 00:26:55
			the authority of the Quran or the sunnah
		
00:26:55 --> 00:26:56
			or the consensus.
		
00:26:57 --> 00:26:59
			But these could not, be of much avail
		
00:26:59 --> 00:27:01
			to one who has no faith in anything
		
00:27:01 --> 00:27:03
			except for in the necessary principles of reason
		
00:27:03 --> 00:27:05
			as was the case with me.
		
00:27:05 --> 00:27:08
			In regard to philosophy, I thought it necessary
		
00:27:08 --> 00:27:10
			to make a detailed and critical study of
		
00:27:10 --> 00:27:12
			the science before forming my own opinion of
		
00:27:12 --> 00:27:14
			it. I had little time to spare from
		
00:27:14 --> 00:27:16
			my preoccupations of teaching
		
00:27:34 --> 00:27:37
			mathematics, logic, physics, politics, ethics, and metaphysics.
		
00:27:38 --> 00:27:40
			Of these, the first five do not either
		
00:27:40 --> 00:27:42
			deny or affirm religion nor is it necessarily
		
00:27:42 --> 00:27:45
			to necessary to reject them, for the affirmation
		
00:27:45 --> 00:27:47
			of religion. The precepts of physics sometimes do
		
00:27:47 --> 00:27:49
			come in conflict with religious doctrine,
		
00:27:50 --> 00:27:52
			but these are only few. In this regard,
		
00:27:52 --> 00:27:53
			one ought to believe
		
00:27:53 --> 00:27:54
			that the
		
00:27:55 --> 00:27:57
			natural phenomenon is not self propelled but dependent
		
00:27:57 --> 00:27:59
			on Allah the Almighty.
		
00:27:59 --> 00:28:02
			It is true that all those who, come
		
00:28:02 --> 00:28:03
			across the agility and,
		
00:28:04 --> 00:28:07
			insisiveness of the intellect of the philosophers in
		
00:28:07 --> 00:28:10
			these sciences are generally overawed by them and
		
00:28:10 --> 00:28:12
			are led to the conclusion that this would
		
00:28:12 --> 00:28:14
			be true of them in every branch of
		
00:28:14 --> 00:28:16
			learning. It is, however, not necessary that anyone
		
00:28:16 --> 00:28:18
			skilled in any one branch should be adept
		
00:28:18 --> 00:28:20
			in any other science as well. This is
		
00:28:20 --> 00:28:22
			also a very deep observation which is,
		
00:28:23 --> 00:28:25
			I believe is something that has a great
		
00:28:25 --> 00:28:27
			wealth of relevance to
		
00:28:27 --> 00:28:29
			the time and age we live in. Neil
		
00:28:29 --> 00:28:30
			deGrasse Tyson.
		
00:28:32 --> 00:28:33
			Anyways,
		
00:28:33 --> 00:28:35
			when people see the philosophers
		
00:28:36 --> 00:28:38
			denying faith and conviction, they too walk in
		
00:28:38 --> 00:28:39
			their shoes.
		
00:28:39 --> 00:28:41
			On the other hand, some brainless exponents of
		
00:28:41 --> 00:28:43
			Islam consider it their bound and duty to
		
00:28:43 --> 00:28:45
			refute whatever the philosophers say
		
00:28:46 --> 00:28:47
			and sometimes even go to the extent of
		
00:28:47 --> 00:28:48
			denying their,
		
00:28:49 --> 00:28:50
			researches in the field
		
00:28:51 --> 00:28:53
			of physics as well. A harmful effect of
		
00:28:53 --> 00:28:55
			it is that all those who the veracity
		
00:28:55 --> 00:28:58
			of the intellect search of truth and uphold
		
00:28:58 --> 00:29:00
			necessary principles of reason begin to have doubts
		
00:29:00 --> 00:29:02
			in Islam itself and become skeptics.
		
00:29:03 --> 00:29:04
			This is also a big problem in the
		
00:29:04 --> 00:29:06
			time and the age that we live in.
		
00:29:06 --> 00:29:06
			And,
		
00:29:07 --> 00:29:08
			all I can do is,
		
00:29:08 --> 00:29:10
			you know, complain to Allah
		
00:29:11 --> 00:29:14
			with regards to people's abuse of, of of
		
00:29:14 --> 00:29:16
			of their tongue and of their pen.
		
00:29:18 --> 00:29:20
			The only branch of knowledge which comes into
		
00:29:20 --> 00:29:22
			conflict with religion is metaphysics
		
00:29:23 --> 00:29:23
			as,
		
00:29:24 --> 00:29:26
			it is in the science that the philosophers
		
00:29:26 --> 00:29:28
			have generally really been misled.
		
00:29:28 --> 00:29:30
			As a matter of fact, the philosophers have
		
00:29:30 --> 00:29:32
			themselves not been able to follow satisfactorily
		
00:29:33 --> 00:29:35
			in this branch the laws of rigorous argumentation
		
00:29:36 --> 00:29:38
			that they had evolved for logical reasoning
		
00:29:38 --> 00:29:39
			and
		
00:29:39 --> 00:29:42
			that is why there are wide differences amongst
		
00:29:42 --> 00:29:44
			them also in its regard.
		
00:29:44 --> 00:29:46
			I have, therefore, arrived at the conclusion that
		
00:29:46 --> 00:29:49
			philosophy would not be able to satisfy me,
		
00:29:49 --> 00:29:51
			for the intellect cannot by itself cover the
		
00:29:51 --> 00:29:54
			entire field of objects and events nor unravel
		
00:29:54 --> 00:29:56
			all, all mysteries.
		
00:29:56 --> 00:29:57
			As for the Batanites,
		
00:29:58 --> 00:29:59
			I have
		
00:29:59 --> 00:30:01
			had the opportunity to make a detailed study
		
00:30:01 --> 00:30:02
			of their cult
		
00:30:03 --> 00:30:05
			for the writing of the Mustahariyah.
		
00:30:07 --> 00:30:09
			I had found that the veracity of their
		
00:30:09 --> 00:30:12
			tenants and doctrine, ultimately depends on the teachings
		
00:30:12 --> 00:30:15
			of an impeccable and illuminated teacher, the imam.
		
00:30:16 --> 00:30:18
			But, the existence of such a teacher stands
		
00:30:18 --> 00:30:20
			to be verified and in truth and reality,
		
00:30:21 --> 00:30:23
			both are extremely dubious.
		
00:30:24 --> 00:30:26
			Not only the mystics remain to be examined
		
00:30:26 --> 00:30:28
			and therefore I turned my attention to them.
		
00:30:28 --> 00:30:31
			Mysticism, meaning Tasso'af, is of 2 kinds, intellectual
		
00:30:31 --> 00:30:32
			and intuitional.
		
00:30:33 --> 00:30:34
			It was easy for me to look into
		
00:30:34 --> 00:30:35
			the first and I went through the kutul
		
00:30:35 --> 00:30:37
			kullub of Abu Talib Al Mekki
		
00:30:38 --> 00:30:41
			and the tracks of al Harith al Muhasibi,
		
00:30:41 --> 00:30:45
			Junaid Shiblei, Bayezid al Bustami and other Sufis.
		
00:30:45 --> 00:30:48
			I gather whatever knowledge of Sufism,
		
00:30:48 --> 00:30:50
			could be had from these books but found
		
00:30:50 --> 00:30:52
			that the knowledge of the essence of reality
		
00:30:52 --> 00:30:55
			could could be obtained not through the study
		
00:30:55 --> 00:30:57
			of the soul but through intuition, transport,
		
00:30:58 --> 00:31:00
			and ecstasy brought about by purification of the
		
00:31:00 --> 00:31:01
			heart.
		
00:31:02 --> 00:31:04
			I had already attained an unflinching faith through
		
00:31:04 --> 00:31:07
			speculative branches of knowledge in religious, and secular
		
00:31:07 --> 00:31:09
			sciences I had mastered,
		
00:31:09 --> 00:31:11
			on the existence of supreme reality
		
00:31:12 --> 00:31:14
			with the capital r and capital s and
		
00:31:14 --> 00:31:16
			capital r of supreme reality, prophethood,
		
00:31:17 --> 00:31:20
			and resurrection. This conviction was, however, not attained
		
00:31:20 --> 00:31:22
			through an experience or argument that could be
		
00:31:22 --> 00:31:22
			analyzed.
		
00:31:23 --> 00:31:25
			It had been firmly implanted in my heart,
		
00:31:26 --> 00:31:27
			that the eternal bliss
		
00:31:27 --> 00:31:29
			could be had only through inculcating the awe
		
00:31:29 --> 00:31:33
			of Allah, renunciation of the material world, wholehearted
		
00:31:33 --> 00:31:35
			attention to eternal life in the hereafter, and
		
00:31:35 --> 00:31:37
			an earnest devotion to God. All this, however,
		
00:31:37 --> 00:31:39
			was not possible so long as one did
		
00:31:39 --> 00:31:42
			not sever the attachments of possession and riches
		
00:31:44 --> 00:31:46
			of fame and worldly life.
		
00:31:46 --> 00:31:49
			I pondered over my own condition and I
		
00:31:49 --> 00:31:51
			realized that I was wholly immersed in worldly
		
00:31:51 --> 00:31:53
			temptations as tithes and attachments.
		
00:31:55 --> 00:31:56
			This is, by the way, while he was,
		
00:31:57 --> 00:31:59
			you know, renowned as one of the greatest
		
00:31:59 --> 00:32:00
			authorities of Dean in his age.
		
00:32:02 --> 00:32:04
			You know, this type of admission is very
		
00:32:04 --> 00:32:05
			hard to come to,
		
00:32:06 --> 00:32:08
			and for a person who is
		
00:32:09 --> 00:32:10
			actually
		
00:32:10 --> 00:32:12
			immersed in those things. So imagine somebody
		
00:32:12 --> 00:32:14
			who is just trying to root out a
		
00:32:14 --> 00:32:16
			very subtle thread of it from from himself
		
00:32:16 --> 00:32:17
			in order to attain purity,
		
00:32:18 --> 00:32:20
			how honest he must have been with himself
		
00:32:20 --> 00:32:20
			for Raimo'Allah.
		
00:32:21 --> 00:32:23
			I pondered over my own condition and I
		
00:32:23 --> 00:32:25
			realized that I was wholly immersed in worldly
		
00:32:25 --> 00:32:27
			temptations, its ties, attachments.
		
00:32:28 --> 00:32:30
			The vocation of teaching appeared to be a
		
00:32:30 --> 00:32:33
			noble pursuit, but as further reflection revealed, I
		
00:32:33 --> 00:32:35
			was paying my entire attention to those sciences
		
00:32:35 --> 00:32:37
			which were neither important nor beneficial for the
		
00:32:37 --> 00:32:38
			hereafter.
		
00:32:38 --> 00:32:40
			I probed into the motives of my work
		
00:32:40 --> 00:32:42
			as a teacher and found that instead of
		
00:32:42 --> 00:32:43
			any sincere
		
00:32:43 --> 00:32:44
			desire to propitiate
		
00:32:45 --> 00:32:47
			God, I was after honor and fame. I
		
00:32:47 --> 00:32:49
			was convinced that I was on the edge
		
00:32:49 --> 00:32:50
			of an abyss,
		
00:32:50 --> 00:32:52
			and if I did not take immediate steps
		
00:32:52 --> 00:32:53
			to retrieve the situation,
		
00:32:54 --> 00:32:55
			I should be doomed to
		
00:32:56 --> 00:32:59
			eternal fire. Still undecided one day, I resolved
		
00:32:59 --> 00:33:01
			to abandon everything and leave Baghdad.
		
00:33:03 --> 00:33:05
			The next day, I gave up my resolution.
		
00:33:06 --> 00:33:07
			6 months had passed in this state of
		
00:33:07 --> 00:33:08
			uncertainty.
		
00:33:10 --> 00:33:11
			On one hand,
		
00:33:11 --> 00:33:13
			the pull of temptation asked me to remain
		
00:33:13 --> 00:33:15
			where I was. On the other,
		
00:33:15 --> 00:33:17
			faith gave a call for me to get
		
00:33:17 --> 00:33:19
			up. It cried, up, up. And your life
		
00:33:19 --> 00:33:21
			is short. And you have a long journey
		
00:33:21 --> 00:33:24
			to make. All your pretended knowledge is nothing
		
00:33:24 --> 00:33:25
			but falsehood and fantasy.
		
00:33:26 --> 00:33:28
			Often, my carnal thoughts whispered to me, this
		
00:33:28 --> 00:33:30
			is a temporary yearning. God has favored you
		
00:33:30 --> 00:33:32
			with respect and honor. If you give it
		
00:33:32 --> 00:33:33
			up,
		
00:33:34 --> 00:33:36
			then tries to retrace your steps to come
		
00:33:36 --> 00:33:38
			back, you will not be able to get
		
00:33:38 --> 00:33:40
			it back again. Thus, I remained torn asunder
		
00:33:40 --> 00:33:43
			by earthly passions and religious aspirations for 6
		
00:33:43 --> 00:33:44
			months until
		
00:33:44 --> 00:33:46
			it became impossible to postpone my decision any
		
00:33:46 --> 00:33:49
			longer. Then Allah himself caused an impediment.
		
00:33:50 --> 00:33:52
			He chained my tongue and prevented me from
		
00:33:52 --> 00:33:52
			lecturing.
		
00:33:52 --> 00:33:54
			Vainly, I desired to teach my pupils who
		
00:33:54 --> 00:33:57
			came to me, but my mouth became dumb.
		
00:33:57 --> 00:33:59
			The silence to which I was condemned cast
		
00:33:59 --> 00:34:01
			me into violent despair.
		
00:34:01 --> 00:34:03
			I lost all appetite. I could neither swallow
		
00:34:03 --> 00:34:05
			a morsel of bread nor drink a drop
		
00:34:05 --> 00:34:08
			of water. I gradually became too weak and,
		
00:34:08 --> 00:34:11
			at last, the physicians under whose treatment I
		
00:34:11 --> 00:34:12
			was gave up all hope of my recovery.
		
00:34:13 --> 00:34:15
			They said that my heart was so severely
		
00:34:15 --> 00:34:18
			afflicted that no treatment would, be of any
		
00:34:18 --> 00:34:20
			avail until this affliction was removed.
		
00:34:20 --> 00:34:22
			Finally, conscious of my weakness,
		
00:34:23 --> 00:34:25
			and of the prostration of my soul, I
		
00:34:25 --> 00:34:27
			took refuge in Allah like a man who
		
00:34:27 --> 00:34:28
			has exhausted himself
		
00:34:29 --> 00:34:31
			and is, denied all means. I prayed to
		
00:34:31 --> 00:34:32
			him who answers,
		
00:34:33 --> 00:34:36
			the wronged one when he cries unto him,
		
00:34:37 --> 00:34:39
			and he made easy for me to sacrifice
		
00:34:39 --> 00:34:40
			honor, wealth and family.
		
00:34:41 --> 00:34:44
			So this is, inshallah, a good cliffhanger. Inshallah,
		
00:34:44 --> 00:34:45
			we can continue,
		
00:34:46 --> 00:34:48
			reading the story of Imam Khazali and,
		
00:34:48 --> 00:34:50
			what he made with his,
		
00:34:51 --> 00:34:52
			with his
		
00:34:52 --> 00:34:53
			incredible journey,
		
00:34:54 --> 00:34:55
			toward the truth and his desire
		
00:34:56 --> 00:34:56
			thereof,
		
00:34:57 --> 00:34:58
			inshallah. Tomorrow night,