Biography of Sultan Salahdin Ayubi by Shaykh Adnan Rashid
Cambridge Islamic Centre
Adnan Rashid – Biography of Sultan Salahdin Ayubi
AI: Summary ©
The history of the Middle East is discussed, including the rise of Islam and the decline of clergy of the church. The conflict between the United States and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is also mentioned. The segment touches on the historical significance of Islam, including its use of cultural practices and complexities, the origin of the word Islam, and its relation to religion.
AI: Summary ©
hamdu Lillah wa salatu salam ala rasulillah I'm about how do we live somewhere that even a ship on the regimes from LA manga Rahim ma so NACA Allah tala me a colossal waste a lot of money to solum la, la, la comme pata akuna la even what mentality or one of the nastiest money Oh come upon la salatu salam, respected brothers and sisters. Today I will be talking about a very important figure in the history of Islam.
And the reason why is important is not because he was a military General, or a conqueror or a camp. He's not important because of that. Because in history, we have had plenty of kings, generals, and conquerors. You know, some of them were far bigger than Salah Dean.
So Todd Salatin
uses been a YouTube was born in Iraq, current day iraq into Crete. He was Kurdish by descent.
And the reason why we are talking about this person who lived almost eight centuries ago, 800 years ago, and he frequented the land of the Middle East,
or the Levant, also known as the want, you know, the Middle East, the land of Syria, the land of Hejaz, and the land of Egypt.
So, this man is important because
he had
a very different
character, a very different legacy to leave behind than all other kings who have lived
in history before. He was a special man.
So before the 19th century, every land almost was governed by kings.
They were generals, they were conquerors, they were administrators, you know, their tax people. Some fairly, some unfairly. So we have our history full of kings and conquerors in general, right? Yes.
The entire history of humanity is one of them. But why are we specifically talking about this man today? Why is he so special?
When it comes to conquest, we have many people who came before him and made huge conquests. One of them was
Alexander the Great,
who started from Macedonia, in Europe, and he went as far as Pakistan conquering lands, he covered Europe, he came into Egypt, conquered some parts of Egypt, one of the cities is named after him, Alexandria, or his country. And then he went into the Middle East, the conquered parts of Iraq, Iran, that into India at that time,
and went as far as Punjab.
And he was very young. Within 10 years, he was able to conquer the largest chunk ever conquered by one person in the entire human history.
And is called the Great he's called the Great because of his conquest, not because of this character, not much is known historically about his character, what we do know is not very positive.
Then we have other conquerors.
Afterwards, we have people like Napoleon, people like Hitler, you know, people like Stalin, people like Mussolini. Yeah. King Leopold, who killed over 10 million people in Africa not very long ago. Many people are known for either good deeds of or bad deeds, right. Most kings, most generals are known or not known for goodness. So one of them who is of good character, because it is very difficult for you to be a general and for you to be a king with that much power in your hand. immense power, it is the amount of power, you know, when you're a king, you are effectively a dictator. You can do what you want with your people. And in some cases, in fact, in a lot of cases,
people did oppress kings did oppress the masses, or the subjects. So it is a huge burden and we ask Allah subhanaw taala to not make us kings.
yet. Why? Because it's a huge responsibility.
On the one hand, you can be very, very fortunate. If you become a king, you govern people with Islam with justice with compassion, your reward is very, very big. So panel law, because the bigger the responsibility, the bigger the reward, right.
And we should ask the last panel Tara, to not give us big responsibilities, because if you are not able to fulfill those responsibilities, and you will be held accountable.
So, when there is a king or there is a general there is a ruler, who was of good character who was merciful, who served the cause of Islam, we remember that, for that reason, because they did not serve their stomachs, or they did not serve their desires. Rather to the contrary, they sacrificed everything for Islam,
and for the good of the oma for the Muslims, or to defend the truth,
to defend the oppressed, and oppose the aggressive, a pro above the aggressors. And we have many examples like that in the history. You know, we have people like you know, of course
frolova,
who succeeded the prophets on a law lesson of procedural law. salatu salam said about them, and they can be some nucky was not qualified.
Or Rashidi De Palma de midbody upon you is my way and the way of my successes, who are rightly guided.
They are not only are Rashidi, they are Alma Dean, okay. So they are rightly guided
and about them the Messenger of Allah Allah lawless Olivia guaranteed for them, that they will be upon virtue.
And in another report, we are told that they will be about for 30 years.
So, we have Abubakar Amato's man, Ali, and some scholars even Hassan Ali Hassan Bin Ali bin Ahmed Ali, also a within the photofile regime.
So these people were guaranteed their character guaranteed by the Messenger of Allah sallallahu wasallam. Those who came afterwards, there. characters were not guaranteed, right? But the generation was good. For example, in a decent salary study,
fairness economy from Allah de la luna home, tombola de la luna home, aka McCall la salatu salam, that the best of people are my people, my generation as Aboriginal and the ones that come after, and the ones who come after, so these are three generations sobre su W and therefore it was totally okay. So, these are the people who the Prophet sallallahu Sallam
praised and he said these people will be of good character, generally speaking generally. Of course, there were individuals among them who were not who didn't meet the standard, but generally speaking the bigger picture of Los Angeles and their lives will be full of virtue they will be a people of Sona they will be a people of the Quran as far as the believers are concerned.
And you know, when we start talking about kings Ahmed bin Abdulaziz or the Allahu Allah, he was one of those people who only government government for two years. Now we have many people before him many people after him, right. So we have the entire history of manomaya for example, right? But omega begins with mahavihara De La Hoya and then his son came to power using zebra mafia. And he governed for four years, then comes from Taiwan. But how come after Marwan comes of the Mulligan Marwan then comes we'll even have the Mulligan and comes with a man without a mulligan, then comes Amara bin Abdulaziz. And after Omar comes a champion of the Malak and the list goes on. And in the
year 132. bonobos come to power, we have Safar, we have Mansoor, we have Al Mahdi, we have heroine, we have maamoun. We have Watterson, all this so out of all these people who were generally good people, they were generally good people. They were good kings. They did good things. They did a lot of services for Islam. They definitely made mistakes, no doubt.
But out of all of them Omar bin Abdulaziz
de la la. He is known
with special regards, like what you only go in for two years.
And there are others who go in for long periods.
This man only going for two years from the year nine
denine 201
and some of the allama they believe the lease of Rasulullah sallallahu Sallam about when he when he was in the province of the Lord and so the province of awesome speaking to him said you are shocked about the security situation in the zillertal Otto, they will come a day if you live long enough that a woman from Hera will come alone on a beast and she will make the offer on the cover. She will go back unmolested, untouched, she will be completely secure in this is all security will be in zillertal. If you live long, long enough, you will see it. And then if you live long enough, you will open the treasures of kisara.
And I'd even know how to he was shocked. kisara Subhana Allah he was he wanted to know which gives rise This is a case where I've been homeless, Yasser Allah, because he wanted to confirm that the Prophet, you know, the time the province analyzer is speaking to him, the Muslims don't even know what's gonna happen the next morning. Yeah, yeah. You know about the story of the ditch when they were digging the 100 Yeah. And the rock came and the soul of Lhasa was always striking the rock and said, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar. Sparks emerged. And the third time he struck the rock, the rock broke. And then he said, the Sahaba the archaeologists, Allah, why did you say Allahu Akbar. Now
imagine he is digging a ditch? For what? What? Anyone?
defending Medina from
from the Qureshi? Yeah. How many parishes?
Yes, almost. But more than that, okay. They were almost some according to some reports, 10,000 or maybe some states, some reports state 24,000. a coalition of 24,000. azab is also called local ashizawa. Because many zombies the plural of his many armies came against the Muslims.
So he's digging a ditch, and they don't even know if they will survive. You know, the Sahaba. The Messenger of Allah subhana wa sallam, he has the Sakina you know, Allah has promised to success, he will succeed. But the Sahaba you know, they don't have the amount of Rasulullah sallallahu sallam, they don't have to worry. Yes. So, when he's digging the ditch, he said, Allah has told me that you will conquer the atoms and the listening. Yes, yada Sorolla, and then he said, You will conquer the Persians and you will conquer the Romans.
So, this is these are people who are besieged
and the messenger of Aleister Lingam this will happen, you know, they were Manasa Kuhn among them as well, you know, they were hypocrites or Medina among them, right? There is a board like this, this person is out of the villa lost his mind. He doesn't know what's going to happen the next morning, whether they will survive or not. And he's telling us that we will conquer out of the Persian and the Byzantines. So, likewise, when Rasulullah sallallahu Sallam said to Adi, who was still a new Muslim at the time, that we will you will open the treasures of kisara is at Kingston, I've been homeless. It's like me telling you that a village from Bangladesh or from a village, a village from
a desire or Morocco, one of the small villages will conquer China. Yeah. What would you do to you would take me to a doctor, right? Yeah. He would take me to a psychiatric. Yeah, right. But it is a jasola. You know, because this was the large one of the largest armies in the world. And the Arabs at the time, the Muslims are very few.
And he said, Yes, kisaragi hormoz said okay, yeah, so like you say, so I believe it. You know, as he said, If you live long enough, you will see, you will be looking for poor people, but you will not find them to give them charity, you will have so much wealth, you will be so rich. So I'd even had a mistake, I saw a woman come make tawaf and go secure, completely secure. I was there when the treasures of kisser hour were open to my, you know, shock, basically. And I'm sure those of you who live long enough you will see the third prophecy fulfilled, you will be looking for people and that happened in the time of entrepreneur Abdelaziz
scholars testify often in the time of delivery. So Omar bin Abdulaziz is known in because of that, likewise photons Allah has been a UV, also known as Allah UV, the founder of the ayyubid dynasty.
It shouldn't be called used to be because he was used to write us when you when the dynasty is called after his father. Much the dean check magazine, are you right? So he was use of
Been a you select Dean also known as kalapa Dean or Salah Dean in the West.
He was specialized that he was a king who had a lot of power. He didn't start as a king is taught, started as an ordinary soldier, but became a king became a king, a general and he had a very powerful character. He was very interested in Islam. He applied Islamic values when he governed and the result was absolutely amazing. That's why he is remembered. They were kings before him, they were kings after him. Right? He is remembered because of what he did with his short life. He was born in the year 1137 or 38.
In the year 1137, or 38, when the Muslims are already fighting the Crusaders, so cancel have been a Ub hashmatullah era is known for his services. With regards to uniting the Muslims the Muslims are completely disunited.
In this age, Muslims are completely disunited. And they were all worried about this small petty states.
Some people became concerned, they realize that this disunity is destroying us. The Crusaders are not stronger than us. Who was the Crusaders?
The Crusaders were mainly
Knights.
Knights mean warriors. Okay, they were warriors who had come from Europe.
They originated from different nations in Europe for different tribes.
So this process started in the year 1095 c
1095.
When
Pope
Urban the second
the Catholic Pope, he organized a meeting in the city of Claremont in France. He asked all the Christian knights, he would gather Knights means barons,
work warriors,
or leaders, it meant a number of different things in Europe at the time. These people Knights were usually the ones who had enough means to buy armors by horses, and have possibly some other men with them, you know, riders, because horses are very expensive at the time. armors were very expensive at the time, you know, but chainmail? Have you seen it? If you go to a museum, back in the day to protect themselves in war, they used to wear chainmail you know, a dress or commies, maybe a shirt made of chains, right? So if someone struct you with a sword, the chains would block the sword, the blade would, you know, not penetrate, and you would not get cut or injured. And that was very
expensive. So Knights were usually people who were knighted by the king of the land, to give that status to him, and he could then accumulate wealth by that. And one of the things they did with the wealth was to buy weapons and buy means. So it Clurman urban the second had gathered knights, barons, leaders, you know, feudal lords, because Europe at the time was under feudalism.
These people were invited by Pope Urban and he delivered a speech now many historians actually doubt the speech or even dock the meeting.
Many historians doubt whether the meeting actually ever took place.
And there are four versions of the speech we have
in different foot for different Chronicle Chronicles, coming from the Middle Ages. But to put it in a you know, to to summarize a speech if it's a historical, he is thought to have talked to the barons and the Knights. He said to them, You are all fighting each other.
Why don't you go and fight the enemy?
unite, go and liberate the Holy Land. Jesus Christ is buried in Jerusalem, wholly separate. The church where he's taught to have been, you know,
burrito is true is thought to be there. You know,
he's not buried at the center to the evidence, but it's considered to be the tomb of Jesus Christ. Yeah, this is where Jesus,
you know, the holy SAP liquor is the place where he was put for three days and he rose from that basically, this is what the belief is, right? So go and liberate that place the Holy Land from the hands of the infidel, who is the infidel, the Muslims.
The Saracens was another word used, okay, or the heathen, or the pagans, you know, the Catholic Church. Reading the early Chronicles, they use words like this for the Muslims, you know, and the Federals Saracens, the heathen, or the disbelievers. Okay, so all these words we use for Muslims, so why don't you go and fight them. And he lied about the condition of frictions in the Muslim lands. He said Christians are suffering.
And Muslims torture Christians on daily basis, and he detected certain situations, imaginary situations, he imagined for himself, if the speech is historical, if the speech was actually delivered,
so this would be finding the speech so people became very robbed. They said, okay, we must do something. Lo and behold, suddenly, you'll see a massive rush of people, you know,
making their way towards the Holy Land, output or Jerusalem. Right. So there were a number of different crusades, a number of different parties left from different places. Some came from France, some came from England, some came from Germany, some came from Poland. Okay. So, you know, a lot of people had joined and then there was
a crusade of people. A lot of peasants, people, farmers, you know, who were living in villages. They packed their bags, okay. Yola go
on the road.
1000s of them 1000s
led by a man called Peter.
So this was called the people's crusade.
Then some nights, army men, generals, leaders, soldiers, they also left, right. The people who left
majority of them perished in the way they died. They were either killed by hunger, by starvation, sometime by the weather, sometimes by the robbers and attackers. So when they crossed Anatolia, I mean, very few of them made it that far, but I thought, you know, Anatolia. anatolii is a Turkish, you know,
territory, you know, it has Central Asia, no, no central Asia, sorry, Asia Minor. It's also called Asia Minor Central Asia has. The other part. As far as the project has been cut is a storm, that land is called Central Asia. So, when they reach this part, they could not survive. Most of them died. And in fact, the Crusaders, the soldiers also died. So only 13,000 of them in the year 1099. They made it two years on 13,000 of them.
So from 1095 to 1099, how long did it take them? Four years to retire. So an army an anti army. So majority 60,000 left, according to sources, only 13,000 survived, most died, even soldiers, even soldiers, people they perished. People were massacred on the way, some by the Turkic tribes as well in Asia. So what happened to these 13,000 people, they were fighting, realizing that they have nothing to lose. So they fought valiantly.
The city of Jerusalem fell to them, and they massacred the entire population, they killed everything.
Not everyone, I am saying everything, according to the sources, the Crusader sources, the Jewish sources, Armenian sources, as well as the Muslim sources, because we have different forces of the crusades, right. They killed everything.
Even animals were killed by them. And April last year,
who was a historian writing in 1220s, in Rousseau, who wrote the history of crusades, and you know, he had access to early sources and early people. He writes that almost 70,000 people were killed in Jerusalem. And some of the points they lamented,
in the mosque of Baghdad. They went to the Khalifa in Baghdad, and they cried in the mosque of Basra. Like what's happening in Syria today? Yes. What's happening in Syria? Hundreds of 1000s of people have been killed. 1000s dying and people are lamenting, you know, there are so many Olimar there are so many scholars, so many people who are actually concerned about the woman who really, really feel for the people of Syria. They met likewise, quite at the time, you know, they went to the mosque of Baghdad, and at the time of Juma, you know, they lamented the condition of the Muslim
and in Mongolia was actually alive at this time. My mom died in the year 1111 1111. That's when your mom was early. July they died. He was also in Baghdad, if I'm not mistaken.
But there is nothing known from him. We don't have anything any commentary from him on this incident.
So
this was a very disturbing event and the Crusaders are occupied Jerusalem. Now they were governed in Jerusalem and slowly and steadily that took a lot of land around Jerusalem, they started to attack Muslim states. Muslims are already divided. You know, in Egypt, we had a fatimid Kaley for Shia, you know, but he didn't really care about the Sunni Muslims who are dying around the world, like what Iran is doing today. Very similar. You know, Iran is actually involved in Syria. Iran is killing Muslims in Syria right now as we speak, has realized there Right, so fast we didn't really cared actually they allied with the Crusaders. In some cases, when it suited them, they allied with the
Crusaders. So who was left to defend the Muslims? Who was left?
A family of Turkic tribes tell jokes.
For executives, who were a family who originated from Muslim Muslim in northern Iraq, they rose to power and one of them he decided that he must do something. So in 1142
he started to fight back.
And mother these dinky are zanghi, also known as donkey, you know, he fought back the Crusaders. And he took back some cities, right? He took back some settlements from the Crusaders, the Crusaders now realize that there is organized opposition from the Muslim side, right? So these people grew in power. While he was the ruler amount of the drinking of this territory between muscle and what was taking place in the, in the Middle East.
The father of deep in, he was
the ruler or the caretaker of one of the castles. So he gave refuge to the Ziggy army.
Okay, and because of that, he became very close to MIT.
So when Mr. D died, no Dean came to power his son neurotensin key, no, didn't think he was a lot more religious than his father. And mother Dean was the one who initiated the opposition against the Crusaders also known as sort of being, you know, slave means the cross. And the word crusade actually comes across crusade means the war of cross or crusade has been the warrior of the Warriors off the cross. Okay? So, amantadine was not a very religious man. And so but nurudeen was deeply interested in religion. And we know that from the fact that the amount of works, you know, modalities and orphans he sponsored To this day, if you go to the mesh, I mean, you can't go to the
mission. I have been to the Michigan the year 2010. Before the war, I was there. And I was walking around in the streets of the Michigan.
I was called the mesh also called the mesh euro, but people pronounce it differently. So I was walking around in the streets of Damascus. And there is a there is an old graveyard. You know, it's called Baba Seville, the graveyard of Baba. So who's been to Damascus? Anyone? You've been to the Mastership you know, the graveyard bubble severian are you Syrian, by the way? Okay. So
I was there for only two nights. And I thought to myself, I cannot go without looking at this graveyard. I mean, I don't want to go there to seek blessings or anything like that, you know, but I want you to see the graves of these great people, you know, who's buried there. A sobre celebrity for example, you know,
below habashi banal been raba you know, he's also buried in
LA is also known to have buried in this graveyard. Then we have people at scheffel Islamic potamia as their right. Many, many Fabien and their followers are also but it is a huge graveyard yet. So I went there at nine o'clock in at night and there was pitch dark. And there were two brothers with me from Birmingham. And I saw the one we're going in.
And when they looked at the graveyard, they said we're not going in there, because it was so dark. And we look to our left and we saw a grave and it stated on it.
His name
is stated on maruf if Nakayama jovia. Mr. Kamal jovia was buried right at the door of this graveyard. So he was there, you know, so I saw his great, so, Damascus, you know, a lot of aka when I was walking around in the streets, I saw buildings, you know, walk for example, from the zingy time from the time of the crusades, very old buildings. So none of these empty was a very generous man like that. So he came to power and he continued the fight against the Crusaders. He's continued to defend his people against the crusading aggression.
came from Western and they were very barbaric in their ways. Crusaders were simply a very barbaric people Muslims. At that time, were the most civilized people on the planet. How do we define civilization? What do I mean by that we're civilized, right? So they were civilized, because Muslim mannerisms, the way Muslims lived. They used to have bonds. They used to have soaps, they used to have sugar, digital sweets. They used to have books, they used to have libraries. They wish Muslims used to be educated. They were hospitals, there was a flourishing society. You know, Muslims were generally civilized, and they treated each other very nicely. People generally were very good to
each other, you know, but when the Crusaders came from Europe, they didn't have these qualities. They were simply
a bunch of, you know,
wild people. They were very wild. And Osama bin Laden kid who was writing at the time who was alive at the time of Downton Abbey, the UV was a was a was also a warrior. And he will appoint you as a writer. And he wrote a book called kitamura Ichabod.
Which means everybody you know, when you take lessons, a book of lessons, in this book, he wrote many, many interesting things about the Crusaders. He observed the Crusaders very carefully. Now he is a man writing when so Pasadena Mola is alive, and the book was even dedicated to full council Edina up and he died a few months later, after the Battle of 18. When so Don Saladino up defeated the Crusaders. He died two months after, so he depicts the Crusaders. He talks about Osama even monk it talks about the Crusaders and he explained how the Muslims are different to the Crusaders, or how the Crusaders at that time were so different to Muslims.
So
that was the situation of the Muslim Muslims are very civilized at the time, and they had been invaded by this outside.
You don't like the Mongols came later on. The Mongols were very barbaric. They were hardly civilized and then destroyed everything that came in the way. Crusaders were not much different. Crusaders are not much different when it came to their dealings with the Muslims. So these people have to defend the people who have been thinking he started to defend his people.
So when the father made Caleb of halifa, in Khartoum, in Egypt or Shia allotted on a deed, when he had problems, he asked neurobiol junkie for help, he had some political issues, some problems within Egypt. And this was a good gesture for the Muslims. As far as Muslims are concerned, this was a good opportunity for for them to take advantage. So when new dean was asked by a lady to send help, to support me against my opponents, Laura being sent sherco shikou was the uncle of Sultan Salahuddin, a UV
and proton Zilla Deena up at the time. And this happened in the year 1163 c 1163. When ne xinxing sent sherco, who was
a Kurdish general to go and help
and support him. And the intention was to remain in Egypt, don't leave Egypt, don't leave it once you get in there. Once you establish yourself, you are a representative of a Sunni power, because none of these dinky was suddenly right. The father is halifa Shia, and they pose a threat to the Muslims of the region, because they were a very powerful state. And they often allied with the Crusaders, so they pose a threat to the Muslims. So this is why there have been made this move. It took opportunity, you know, advantage of this opportunity. He sent sherco which are COVID, his nephew, young nephew at the time, how old was he? Almost 26 years old, 2526 years old. Use have been
are you now I've already told you he was born in the year 1137.
And he was born to his parliament will be in a you. And he grew up in this military household. You know, he was used to this military system, and he belonged to a Kurdish tribe. And these Kurdish tribal had already become a revised, you know what that means? You know, they spoke the Kurdish language, but their culture was very Arabic. They had adopted the Euro system. Nowadays, unfortunately, these Kurds we find in the Middle East are very secular. They don't want anything to do with Islam, majority of them very few are Islamic, very good people. But, you know, this issue of Kurdistan, which is a big menace for the Turks and for the Iranians and the for the Iraqis in Syria
because this all region is called
They start and they want a separate state. And a lot of them are actually communist, you know, they have no connection to Islam they don't want. This is a new generation of document. This is a new development by the way, it only happened in the 20th century, when all these things started to happen. Kurdish people are very religious, you know, my German Salahuddin, you was Kurdish, and people afterwards, you know, they looked up to him as well. So, he belonged to this family, which was already allied to Mr. Modi's inky as I already stated earlier, Nacho Dean are you who was the father of so tonsil it was already allied to
Mr. linky. Now I might have been has died a standalone Venus governing he sends him in 1163 to Egypt. So she'll go to Egypt. So does Salahuddin. So what happens? They fight some battles in Egypt, they establish themselves very powerfully, you know, so they start to fight Crusaders, they start to fight the enemies of and they become very close to Allah deed and the leaders the Kaylee's of missile, Egypt, and their intention is to eventually take missile from these people should a coup and Salatin are there, you know, paving the way for Muslim takeover of Egypt. So in 1169, having fought few battles Sultan, Salahuddin Allah, UB has made his name already in battles, because he
actually helped his uncle fight battles. So there were times you know, in those times, how did they use to fight battles, you know, the history of an army and in the army, you have foot soldiers, and you have the cavalry, you know, cavalry. People on horses. Nice. Yeah. So they used to have
maimana, which is the right, and the history of Asr, which is the left and these two have come in the middle. So generals usually used to have three parts of the army one is the extreme right, on the right. And that would be led by a known General, someone who's been tried and tested yet, the left would be given to the left rank, okay, the left side of the army, the left part of the army would be given to another general and the column was usually led by the most learned the most experienced the best of them. Okay, so sherco, when he fought battles with photons alladhina, up he would give him responsibility, either of the right or
the left or sometimes even in the column in the middle. So Salahuddin became battle hardened throughout his career in Egypt, so he became very experienced, having fought the Crusaders sometimes have been fought, other factions were fighting the faltering state at the time. So now in 1169, sherco, According to some sources, over ate, he ate too much he died because of that, maybe our food poisoning or something happened to me died. And after his death, and he, he liked the use of when are you who is solid? Do you be very much he loved him very much. He liked him. He trusted him. So he appointed him as the Vizier as the wizard. So who was the catalyst and added Yes, so he applies.
So tan Salahuddin a UV who will not photon yet he appoints him as W. So 1169 Salahuddin becomes a Z, how old is he at the time? He was born in 1137 1169 is almost 32 years old. 32 very young man. Okay, so he's obviously so now when he becomes a visitor, he starts to establish His power, he starts to gather his power, he starts to form alliances, starts to build his power to remove the fatimid dynasty altogether, because he knew neurotensin key in Syria knew that this is one of the biggest day more than these people are more dangerous than the Crusaders, because they are an enemy from within. So until they are removed, we have no chance against the Crusaders. So this was a grand plan
devised by one of these in key and some sorts of bands that have to do up with part of it. Right. And he was as far as he was concerned, he was an appointee, or appointed
General of the team. And, you know, the fact that means after Sherpa came into Egypt even asked him to leave, take 30,000 dinars, you know, leave. He said, No, I can't leave because I've been told by God to stay. So he stayed in Egypt for that reason, and they became very powerful. So in 1169, Salatin became the zeal and he starts to remove power slowly from the fatter means he starts to appoint his own people in high positions. And then in 1171
on a deep dive on a deep dive, now futon allows you to lie they can
Out openly and is a class and of the fatimids. Now I am the ruler of Egypt. So he appointed himself as the ruler of Egypt. And he had his own army. So he established himself. They were rebellions. He crushed them. Okay. And now we'll be using he was in a very strong position. Very, very strong position to find the Crusaders. So Syria belongs to him. Egypt belongs to him, because in Egypt is his
nephew.
No beans, inky was not the uncle of Florida. That was Shifu. No, he was Turkic. But it was not Kurdish. So he was the ruler of muscle. So now both lands effectively belong to the Muslims, only Muslims, right? So the Crusaders are now stuck in the middle, right? Where all the concern is Egypt on this side, because nobody knew. He knew until we take Egypt, we can never defeat the Crusaders. Because the Crusaders played games. They were playing games. Because when the Crusaders found themselves cornered, they would ally with the fatimids fatimids. Being Shia dynasty, they would happily ally with the Crusaders against the Sunni powers because they felt threatened.
They were threatened by this only power in the region. So now Egypt had come to the zombies. So 1117 months will cancel out. And there were times when for Godzilla Dino up from Egypt and new deal from Syria would attack the Crusaders together. Now, this was a big problem for the Crusaders. What do they do? They just start now in the middle is like, you know, a sandwich. Yeah, what happens? So they found themselves in a very difficult situation. As a dealer, you we actually became more powerful than moody.
But there were disagreements between them at times. So cancela, Deena up, never openly opposed, nor does he never openly went against him. There are times you disagree with it. But in 1174, Nora beans, inky died. There will be zinc, he was a very pious man, very good man, very good leader of the Muslims with a lot of good history, you know, and deeds, he died, now sometimes allowed to lie, they couldn't trust his successors. So his 19 year old son was appointed as the ruler, he couldn't trust your successor, because this unity they had formed or this plan, which had been accomplished, came about very, you know, in a very difficult way, they had to struggle a lot. And he couldn't
possibly lose it. So what he did was he immediately attacked Syria to take it. So he started to fight the Ziggy's, you know, and then gets pushed away as far as muscle. So they went back to muscle, photons, a lot of data up by 1180. To see it took him about seven to eight years to conquer the land of Syria. So he took a level, he took a hammer, he took hands.
And he took a lot of the land that belonged to the Muslims, the time even said armies to Yemen, so effectively by 1180s by 1180s. And what what is he trying to do? He is simply trying to unite the Muslims to get rid of the crusading menace. Can I have a cup of tea with one once you've replaced? Yeah.
So he is trying to get rid of this menace, right? And he knows it is impossible for him to do until he unites the Muslims under one umbrella under one flag. And amazingly, he did not declare himself to be independent at no time. So chances are you will have to lie they declared himself to be independent at all times. He expressed his
he expressed that the cave in Baccarat
was almost It was his leader. So at no point he challenged the caliphate in Baghdad, right when we use the word Caliphate, unfortunately, what comes to mind now? ISIS here, so we're not talking about a caliphate like that. But what binds the caliphate are different. So if someone adopts
you know, a title doesn't make you one. If I, for example, start to call myself scheffel Islam. Would you ever become shareable Islam? No, I don't become several Islam. And someone on the street could just claim to be a prophet of God. You know, Prophet what is a very noble concept? Yes, yes. It's a very noble concept. Someone claims to be a prophet of God is some simply doesn't become
a prophet of God, just just by looking like a prophet. You know, they have an image of Jesus in churches, for example. Yeah. Jesus, the white robe and long hair blonde and blue eyes. Yeah. Someone starts looking like that. in green, for example. Yeah. Yeah. in green, we sell records on the street. There's a damn Jesus.
110 of these would you believe it? Just because because someone claimed something doesn't mean that they are actually qualified to be that you have to fulfill the criterias you have to fulfill the standard, which is established by the Quran and Sunnah. So if someone claims to be killing someone, or some group claims to be Caliphate, they have to fit into the Islamic infrastructure or Islamic model, right? So I'll mostly Google the Kaylee's and my dad. So cancela Dino up even though he actually became more powerful than the killing, you know how much land he eventually ended up governing. He became the ruler of Egypt, the ruler of Hejaz, the ruler of Syria, and the ruler of
Yemen, and also some parts of North Africa.
So imagine his power.
Let me repeat,
he became the ruler, sole ruler of Egypt. Egypt was the most powerful country at the time. You know why? Egypt had the river Nile? river Nile was the source of life in Egypt. Subhan Allah, you know, even today when you fly over Egypt, anyone flown over Egypt, from another country? Yeah, I have. When you look down from the plane, here, you see a line. What is that line? That line is the river Nile. And on this side, and on the other side, all you see is green. And after you after green, you see immediately red sand.
Completely red desert, nothing there. There is life just because of the river
just because of the river. So Egypt was the breadbasket of the Muslim world. You know, there was a lot of harvest, even today, you know, a lot of things come from Egypt, you know, farming is a huge business in Egypt. So Egypt could supply armies. You know, even in the Roman time, Egypt was very important to the Romans, because they could bring in a lot of provisions from Egypt. So Egypt was very important. He governed Egypt, he governed Hejaz, he governed
Yemen, he governed Syria, and he governed some parts of North Africa. This was an empire a dynasty with so you know, you'll be a simple man who came from the Greek didn't even want to come to Egypt. He hated Egypt. He really wanted to be Damascus, Damascus, he wanted to be with the Lama. You know, this was a young man, as a young man, he was very much into fitting with the Anima learning from all of our talking to the Allah. And even when he became the general and the king, he was surrounded by the allama. In fact, some of his biographers, one of them, the top biographer of photons, allowed the the UV is a man called baja Dean, Eva da, who was a chef who was a scholar who advise photons
Latina UV on matters. So every time something happened, he would turn to the show, he would turn to scholars, what what should What do you want me to do here, you know, so he gave
a lot more importance to the alama, then to his general. So he was from a very young age, inclined to religion, he was interested in religion, he was from a very young age, a moral man, you know, and when he became the ruler, whatever weaknesses he had in his character, you know, because part of the culture was that there were certain things that came with a culture of ruling class, you know, when you become to belong to the ruling class, you know, certain things come to you with the culture of that ruling class. So he abandoned all of that just like Abdelaziz the story of
when he became the halifa. Yeah, he abandoned everything, Jani, all the things you used to do because he belonged to the ruling class. He belonged to Burma, he belonged to the ruling family, you know, so because of that, a lot of things came with that culture. So when he became the Kaylee's, he told his wife Fatah, Fatima was the daughter of Abdul Malik bin Marwan She was the daughter of a Khalifa he was a princess bought about the wife of Ahmed bin Abdulaziz wanna Princess, he tells her now My life has changed. If you want luxuries, if you want necklaces, if you want gold and glitter, I will divorce you. I will leave you. But if you can live the tough life I will live. By all means.
She said I choose my husband. Overall, the ease of life, she abandoned all the easy life. So Time's up. Likewise, he abandoned all the ease and he became a very simple man. And we have examples like that. In Islamic history, which we must discuss and talk about people like the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb alamgir You know, he was far more powerful than any kings.
Kings before him, mobile Emperor, Aurangzeb alamgir, who govern from the year 1658 to 17 or 749 years, he governed one of the largest chunks of land in the world. He was the owner of the 25% of world's wealth. You know what that means? out on day. There is a there's a lecture available online, in Arabic by a chef in Saudi Arabia. I don't know his name. What is the chef's name? He talks about history very often Musashi, Musashi. Musashi is a young chef and he talks about history and he has discussed this topic in Arabic as well for the Arabs are undervalued because the Arabs are not aware of him, you know, they don't know much about Indian history, what happened in India, what happened
in him, he was a pious King like that. And when he became the king, he abandoned all the luxuries and all the ease of the of his life. And we have people like pupils will turn for example in the south of India he covered from the year 1782 to 1799 very, very pious Muslim King or did a great great services to Islam and we must talk about them at one point inshallah tada everyone knows photons Latina UV, right. Yeah. Everyone in the Muslim world from Morocco to to China. You know, the Muslim province of China, you know, people you talk to them so bad for Latina UB, they know him. But hardly anyone knows about these individuals who are very often neglected. In our history. We should
tell our children about people like orange a lot of gay people like people photon, and other unknown characters and Muslim excluded great jobs, some African characters, you know,
King
soldados man, Don forio. He did great things for Islam. Hardly anyone knows about it. So we must have a comprehensive view of history inshallah. So coming back to Hogan to Nabila up he was
when he united, Hejaz, German and Egypt under his power. Now he was able to fight the Crusaders effectively. Now the Crusaders truly feared him. They knew now they are in big trouble. Now this is a big problem for them. Because now one Muslim ruler has united so many Muslims under his rule, and he has become more powerful than the Crusaders. Cut the long story short, short in the year 1187. So tangela Alina, you will have to lie they fight a decisive battle against the Crusaders having united all Muslims, most Muslims in the Middle East under his command. He fights the Crusaders are direct battle in a place called 18 or catene, also known as a team. And this battle took place in July
11 87. And the Crusaders were uprooted, crushed, completely destroyed decisively. And this was the last nail in the coffin of the crusading rule in the Middle East. So the Crusaders started to lose territory after that. And eventually, it took them another century to leave the Middle East, but they never gained a strong foothold in the Middle East after this battle after this defeat, and immediately after this defeat in the month of October, so Tom Saladino up for a while he laid siege to Jerusalem, and the city of Jerusalem surrendered to Him. Firstly, he did not accept any terms from the Crusaders. He said, All people are saying except the Crusaders, the Crusaders, who were the
Crusaders, these were the biggest enemies of Islam and Muslims. we know them today as templates. The templates were not spared by photons or Latina or UV after the Battle of Deen. Many people were left you know, many people are free, no problem yet. There was one particular class, which was truly Islamophobic they hated Islam and Muslims, and they were fighting Muslims was because they hated Islam and Muslims. they adore the reason why they were not spared by so
after the backup, indeed, they were lined up, and they were executed by so far, by his orders, and in some cases, he used his own sword, you know, and in some cases, he told someone the shoe, you know, to come forward and do the job, because they were always, you know,
teaching by he said, this is these people are the biggest problems for Muslims and Islam. They have oppressed, so many Muslim, they have killed so many Muslims. One of them was Ronald
Ronald digital, who was one of the French Knights who
governed a castle called Kerouac. Has anyone been anyone been to Jordan?
Jordan,
you've been to Jordan? Mashallah. Okay. So we have a place in Jordan called Mota where the Battle of MOCA takes place, not Madonna
But not voters looked up, okay, in this place, as Hebrew school for the Romans, and right next to displace, this town of Mota is a castle not very far from it about 10 kilometers, maybe less is called kerak. And it is on top of the mountain. And it is a very scary sight. I have been through it myself. And it is known that reynald captured the Muslims or judge pilgrims passing through his territory, captured them, put them in prison, or in these dungeons. And he said to them call Mohammed to rescue you know, where is Mohammed Now, what's happening to Mohammed, he was taunting Muslims like that, you know, we have many examples like that today happening to Muslims around the
world as well. You know, in Guantanamo stories I heard and things like that where this was, you know, Quran was flushed down the toilet to to mentally torment the Muslims. Similar things were happening at that time he's aware of Mohammed Khalid Mohammed. And when photons allow dinner up to LA they heard about this. He said, this is a man, he's a king now. By now he's the king. He said, this is a man I will execute with my own hands. Okay, I want you to executioner for this, this man. And that's what he did. But anyway, cut the long story short, the city of Jerusalem surrendered to Sultana Dena UV. Balian was one of the leaders in the city of Jerusalem. He said, If you do not
spare the lives of the Crusaders, then I will kill all 5000 Muslims in the city and I will destroy muscle relaxer, I will destroy all the sides. So how do you be he made mushara with his people, his generals and they said, give him his terms. Let them go. All we want is peaceful Muslims and the city harassed the city surrendered. And many people were freed ransom very little amount was appointed as ransom for the people. And it was easily paid by the bishop and Malik of the medical hospital, who was one of the brothers also cancelled out in the UB. He specifically asked to give me 1000 capitals. So Khan knew what he's going to do with them. He knew he was going to feed them
immediately. And they were free. And in some cases will cancel out dinner up from his own pocket paid the ransom for the people to be freed, freed and he told the Crusaders and the families you are free to live in Jerusalem in peace. And if you want to leave, go back to your land, I will escort your people in my under my security and my army to the coast. And then you can go back to your ads. This is almost It was so powerful.
It was and he even spread the King Ghidorah senior he spirited he let it let him go. And that was a mistake he made he should not let him go. He let him go because he promised that I will never come back and fight the Muslims. And same thing happened. He came back and he continuously fought the Muslim and he caused a lot of trouble after Karen Armstrong, who is one of the scholars who has written on a lot in the UAE, she states
that so tomsula Deena up was merciful to a fault. You know, when you are merciful, but you when you are merciful to afford, you know, when your mercy starts to hurt you basically when you start to be more merciful to people, they start to hurt you. He was like that he was so merciful.
And having talked about his services, and in the year 1193 having taken the city of Jerusalem, he passed away, you know, so a lot had appointed him for a job. He came and he did the job very nicely. He was a man of great character. When he died he only had one gold coin and 47 drums in his personal Treasury. Even though he was the king of Hejaz, King of Yemen king of Egypt, the richest land in the world, possibly at the time, he only had one gold coin in his personal Treasury. He spent over 15 years of 14 years of his life on the battlefield. He did not see his children. He did not have the normal life you have at home. He was out there defending the Muslims against the Crusaders. For 14
long years once Bogdanovich adopted the rates that he received the news of his nephew's death in his tent, he told his people to leave him alone, they only go Leave him alone. And when they left, he cried like a baby didn't want to cry in front of them didn't want to show the weakness, cried like a baby because he couldn't be there at his janazah so by holding him, he comforted him and told him, this is from a loss.
You have to be strong. And when he had taken the city of Jerusalem, he was himself in the city. When Richard the Lionheart, the King of England and France came to take the city back, it took him one year to get to the Holy Land. And when he came, he besieged the city of aka, aka also known as aka. And in Latin or in English is known as Aker. So when he receives the city, he took the city by force, and the
3000 Muslims in the city. So he Richard told sometimes a lot of Dean raise 200,000 dinars, 200,000 gold coins with a lot of money that was possibly billions at the time, or I will kill all 3000 of them.
And photons will have been a year or two while I was running around trying to raise funds and still at the same time fight. And you know, before the city was taken, he besieged this place for two years, two years to defend the Muslims of the city against the Crusaders who were on the other side. Two years of battle was fought for one castle, one fortress, where the Muslims are besieged inside is a very difficult situation very difficult to explain. For details, read the books and you'll see exactly what happened in this place. Okay, for two years, he was besieging and his people his army generals, he can leave and leave this place now. It's too much we've done but we couldn't eat it.
No, there are Muslims aside, I will not leave them alone. I will not leave them to Crusaders. And when the city was taken, Richard slaughtered 3000 Muslims in one day
3000
Richard
the call in the Lionheart on your learner's whether it was a Lionheart or whatnot. But he did that.
And he, after taking the city made his way to Jerusalem. And he was a very, very effective fighter. Very tough guy. He, even the Muslims acknowledged his strength, while departure dot rates that on one day, in the Battle of Afro
he ran the entire length of the Muslim army with a javelin in his head, challenging all the Muslims. You know, mubaraka challenging all the Muslims. And no one came forward to fight him. This is how scary this character was. Richard, this is how scary this guy so he will boundary much of that he acknowledges the strength in the opponent. So Richard was a very effective leader, very effective ruler, he was respected as buys army a lot. So for that reason, he was able to fight all the way up to the city of Jerusalem, only six miles away. He stopped six miles away, he stopped from the city of Jerusalem.
And now so tanto La Nina up is inside the city in Jerusalem himself, with his generals with his people, all these people as he leaves the city gonna go, because now we will we can't fight you know, a pitch battle with these people. Right? So retreat, live today. Fight tomorrow retreat. And then he said never will I leave the city and the Muslims because he knows what happened in Africa. He knows what happened in acre is not that high population. He didn't want to leave. So he went to his shake, bow delivered yada. What do I do? What do you want me to do? By adding a bunch of asset to him? Who is the one who gives strength? And who is the one who gives victory and defeat said
Allah? He said Allah, He said go to the masjid. ask Allah. ask Allah subhana wa generates that on the day of Friday. So can you be a very big man with his gray beard you know already great. He has become so weak and fragile because of his hard work for the Muslims. He stood on the masala and he was crying about the dimension that who is narrating who is watching what's happening because he's the one who wrote this, he said is crying in his bed is full of tears. And when he falls on the floor sosta is saying things we cannot hear what exactly saying he's making go out obviously. And the masala was wet with his tears. This is the king by the way. This is the king who can easily
leave the city of Jerusalem easily go away. Okay, bring my belly dancing girls, bring my wine and I will relax. Who cares about the Muslims let them die.
But he's crying on the masala is crying and there are tears on the masala and then Allahu Akbar.
Allah walk about six miles away Richard who came from France,
for one purpose, to take the city of Jerusalem back, he returns, turns around and leaves
he leaves to power, whether it's the power of the art, or whether it's the power of circumstances, whatever it was. So tangela Deena up cried in front of Allah, Allah and Allah subhanaw taala never rejects but the our pilot schemes for pious king of reside Motoki, someone who has taqwa. He tried to allow Alexa to design he turned around in England, and historians give a number of reasons as to why Richard did not receive the city of Jerusalem. This generals advised him that if you besieged Jerusalem, there will be a tough fight. There is no water. There is no there is no supply of water. There is no supply
Food, you will never be able to take the city and we will lose our army. And Richard, he didn't even want to look at the city of Jerusalem. He came from France. He said something I cannot come conquer, I will not look at it turn around anyway, he went back. And he also died in 1194. fighting a battle in France somewhere in 1193 pounds on a dealer.
Having done all the services for the Muslims passed away. There are many things we can talk about, you know, Justice imageware, who was one of the travel one of the travelers from Spain. He came through Damascus at the time he was traveling, he wasn't from the Middle East. It was from Spain. He described the situation in Damascus. The city was full of people who, who were in peace and the love the justice of Obama. He praised him because he saw the justice of God. So even non Muslim scholars have praised him throughout the centuries. You know, even Dante, Dante who wrote His Divine Comedy Dante really, you know, when he talked about photons and audio UV, he didn't put him in Jannah. He
put him in limbo, you know, he couldn't send him to Johanna because he was too good to be in Ghana. So he put him in limbo. He couldn't be in paradise. He couldn't because he was not a Christian. He couldn't be Johanna. He was too good. So you put him in the limbo in the middle Dante Allah de in His Divine Comedy. And even today, I mean, Karen Armstrong, I already told you what she said. So, so tantalizing, but Delilah was remembered
by Muslims, as well as non Muslims, in good terms because of his character and the services he did for Islam. And there's a lot more I can say about him. But for today, I think this will be enough time
is very limited on our part, disagreement over listening to what if there are any questions, please ask?
Yes, please. Regarding to the Lionheart and flowering IUD, was there any interaction between the two because people seem to say that there was a an understanding, but reality of it is you have a Muslim and you have a non Muslim? non Muslim. It's like you said he's coming from killing 3000. Muslims. Yeah, so we are perfect all we never want to show any good like that. Any sort of mercy. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. True. Richard was a huge enemy of Islam and Muslims. He didn't care about Muslims and the lives he killed 3000 of them in one day. And for counsel, our dealer up was well aware of that. But at the same time, so dancila had been a UV light, he had his principles. When Muslims took back, one
of the cities from Crusaders. They went crazy.
Because they wanted to avenge what happened in April. Okay, they really wanted revenge. They were wild, bloodthirsty Muslims, and so tantalizing yubico to control his army, he was stopping them telling them Don't do this. This is not us. We are not like them. We are not we are different. I know, Richard used to I'm not Richard, we are Muslims. We have a principle. If they commit crimes, we don't commit crimes. This is why there is a difference between us and then.
Okay. And this applies to today. We Muslims are rules, principles, you know, if we can't read, if they kill children, we can't kill children. Okay, if the bomb populations, we can't do that, we are Muslims. We have our boundaries, we have our limits, right. So sometimes alladhina Ub had his principal. And due to his principle, he said, no matter what this man is, he is the leader. And I am the Muslim leader, I am to be dignified and graceful. So he sent his position to him when he was sick, Richard, once he sent him his position, go and treat him, you know, instead of telling him get lost, who are you you can treat our Muslim senior face? No, he was graceful. You know, he sent a
solution to them. So with leaders you talk like he does, even though the leaders may be a bunch of mass murderers, and killers, you know, this is why, you know, when Modi went to recently, he went to Emirates. And the rulers of Emirates, you know, were,
you know, welcoming him and treating him nicely. This thought came to my mind, you know, why? Why are they treating this man like that? He is responsible, like Richard, he killed 3000 Muslims in Gujarat, if not directly, not by his owners, but he was passively involved. You know, he was there. He was the governor of the state, he could do anything. He could punish all the police people watching standing and watching seeing Muslims being brought alive and raped. Right. But they treated him nicely. They welcomed him. Then so counselor gear up came to mind that he did he did the same with Richard.
Yes, that time situation and this time situation
when you compare
I'm the CEO because you in Milan that this country that time also in this time also
compare comparison. There's no comparison. There's no comparison Islam the Quran Okay, what made you special? Who are the Arabs before Islam? Okay, no one wanted to know the Arabs, the Persians and the Romans didn't care about the atoms or in the desert. Okay, fine, there are good points. You know, they have Makkah, they have their trade, no problem yellow, okay, but after Islam, something special about the Quran, a lot of the Quran in Arabic language that establish the importance, the Arabs are important because a lot of the language Allah chose them as the first recipients of Islam. So that's why Allah subhanaw taala made them special because of Islam and the Quran. Okay. So
like the Quran made them special, if you want to
pick up the Quran, live the
breed the Quran, you know, and inshallah Allah, Allah will change your state again, it's very simple. I know it's a simplistic formula I'm giving you No, I'm not giving you the details how to do this and how to do that. You know, once you start to take that book, seriously the forum, once you start to take assembly, Allah will open all doors to you.
Listen, the others the Sahaba had nothing like what you have today.
You have this this thing. Your cameras, your cars, you have education, you have universities, you have books, you have libraries, the Sahaba had none of this
they are nothing but the camels
some of them didn't have to cloths to cover their bodies. Look at your designer clothes today. Yeah, look at your watches and your you know clothing the shoes and everything you have a Savile Row soul some of them didn't have footwear in Buhari in Qatar masala we have reports that some Sahaba they asked you also the law is so law acceptable in one cloth? He said our a colleague and
he asked them which one of you do you all have two pieces of cloth? He was asking you a sharp? Do you all have two pieces of cloth in other words, he's asking them you don't even have two pieces of cloth. So you know there's only one option for you to pray one clock in some cases. So however you have to put the clock on top of the body so that the lower part and the upper part is covered enough for them to pray
and then Allah Look what Allah made them and what Allah did through them. Yeah, because of that book the Quran
and we have so much and we don't take the book seriously. So we have to stop being hypocrites. Majority of the Muslims are suffering from the disease of hypocrisy majority I'm not saying this is major. This is my mind on the part majority of the Muslims are suffering from the disease of hypocrisy once we start to take our book seriously and live by it. Allah subhanaw taala will make us great once again. Otherwise continue to suffer. Simple very simple. I was worried my words hurt you but this is the truth.
Yeah, this isn't the truth. The word of truth
and
also the Bible.
No, no, the latest one that I made was bank jobs.
Okay, there are many there are many biographies by non Muslims but there are good ones for Muslims as well. First of all the the earliest biographies are sometimes allowed in a UB or by Muslims. One of them the best one is by by having a bunch of dogs find it and read it is amazing. It is in English. translated in English there are two translations. There is a new one and there's an old one from the 19th century so biology which then there is a mother been Alice Pachauri, then we have Alicia Okay, they have written up Okay, so then we have a recent one by a salami you know, syllabi, the one who has written the biography of the prophets of the lysosome man and
then sometimes allowed you know, up to Allah He has written a biography. I am not too sure if it's in English, it is in English. Yes, it is.
Okay, so you can find the biographies and there are many by Western academics. So to get a bigger picture is good to read around you know, not read one is good to read around. Philosophy stop now it's time for Madrid. Clearly Java does not come along la
mela, Allah enable us to act upon whatever good was said and May Allah forgive our mistakes.
Salam Alaikum