Abu Taymiyyah – Fiqh Of Fasting in Hanbali Part 1

Abu Taymiyyah
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The speakers discuss the importance of fasting, staying away from certain aspects of life, and praying. They stress the importance of making the right intention, praying, and fasting, as it is crucial for actions and personal growth. The safety of fasting after fasting is discussed, and the decision to fast is based on the intentions of the person rather than the night before. The importance of making the right intention is emphasized, and the missed fasting is due to the fact that it stops at the beginning of the month.

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			So inshallah, I will read out,
		
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			the first few lines of poetry that we're
		
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			going to be studying inshallah,
		
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			and then the rest, when we reach that
		
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			stage, I'll be mentioning as well insha Allahu
		
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			Ta'ala. So the poet,
		
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			he says,
		
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			So the first thing that
		
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			the poet or the author begins to speak
		
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			about is,
		
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			What the tareef,
		
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			the definition of a song is.
		
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			We know that a song
		
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			has a linguistic meaning, and it also has
		
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			a technical meaning.
		
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			The linguistic meaning is what? Alimsaku,
		
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			to withhold from something.
		
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			If I say to you do a song
		
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			from Instagram, it means that you need to
		
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			withhold from Instagram. If I say do a
		
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			song from Facebook, or Snapchat, WhatsApp,
		
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			or to do the song from speaking, or
		
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			seeing your girlfriend, all of this means what?
		
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			To withhold from something.
		
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			Also the linguistic
		
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			meaning of song is found in the Quran.
		
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			When Jibreel alaihis salatu wasalam
		
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			came to Maryam alaihis salatu wasalam, what did
		
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			she say?
		
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			I seek refuge in Allah
		
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			from yourself if you are somebody who has
		
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			a taqwa. Later on when he explained that
		
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			he's a messenger, he is a prophet.
		
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			Sorry, not prophet. He has been sent to
		
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			her in order to give her glad tidings.
		
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			What did he say to her?
		
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			Because obviously now she has a child, right,
		
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			and she was never touched. She wasn't somebody
		
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			who used to go and sleep around. People
		
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			are going to be asking her, where did
		
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			you get this child from?
		
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			Jibreel said
		
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			to her, tell the people if they ask
		
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			you,
		
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			I have made a vow to Allah subhanahu
		
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			wa ta'ala that I am going to do
		
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			a song.
		
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			What was the song?
		
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			I am not going to be speaking to
		
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			anybody.
		
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			So this is the linguistic
		
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			meaning of what song means.
		
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			The technical meaning is to withhold
		
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			from something that inshallah
		
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			I will elaborate on. The scholars when they
		
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			define the technical meaning they say is
		
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			is,
		
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			And all these lines that I'm go I
		
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			previously mentioned, it covers this technical
		
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			meaning of what soul means.
		
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			And that which we need to withhold from
		
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			in the technical meaning of 2 types,
		
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			in the month of Ramadan specifically.
		
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			The first one is
		
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			to withhold from the things that is going
		
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			to invalidate
		
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			our fast.
		
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			And we know these things, they're very very
		
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			well known like
		
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			food and drink, and also what sexual *
		
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			as it came in the hadith when Allah
		
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			is the wajal. This is a hadith al
		
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			Husi by the way. Hadith al Husi is
		
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			that which the message of Allah is narrated,
		
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			Where Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is giving us
		
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			a message.
		
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			And the message of Allah, he himself, he
		
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			said,
		
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			And it is different from the Quran
		
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			because the hadith of course you can't read
		
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			your salah,
		
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			and you don't get the reward that you
		
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			would get for reciting the book of Allah.
		
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			For every letter we get reward, right? We
		
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			recite the book of Allah
		
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			But the hadith al Pulsi, you don't get
		
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			the same reward.
		
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			So the messenger
		
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			says, He leaves of his food, his drink,
		
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			and also his his desires for my sake.
		
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			So these are from the 3 most important,
		
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			okay, and the well known
		
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			Muftirat.
		
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			The things that invalidate a person's fast. InshaAllah,
		
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			when we reach the next chapter,
		
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			we will be mentioning
		
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			some of the things that invalidate someone's fast.
		
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			And these 3 are not the only thing.
		
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			These 3 things are not the only things.
		
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			Then you have the other
		
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			type that does not invalidate your fast, but
		
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			it reduces the reward that you get in
		
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			your fast.
		
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			Because we know that when Muhammad fast, and
		
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			when Jannah or Ibrahim fast, their reward is
		
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			not equal.
		
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			Some will get more than others.
		
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			We hope inshallah, everybody gets the maximum reward,
		
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			but in essence, not everybody might get the
		
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			same reward.
		
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			Are you with me my brothers and my
		
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			sisters? The messenger
		
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			said, Perhaps one might fast, and he gets
		
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			nothing out of the fasting except what? Zest
		
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			and hunger.
		
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			Imagine coming on Yomul Qiyamah, and the Ramadan
		
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			of 2019, you had absolutely zealous.
		
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			Because of you not being able to control
		
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			your tongue, not being able to control your
		
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			eyes, some of the things that you look
		
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			at on social media, and also not controlling
		
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			your ears.
		
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			And this is the real fast that is
		
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			going to help us attain the main objective
		
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			of fasting.
		
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			That's what Allah mentioned, right?
		
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			He prescribed upon us,
		
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			The hikmah behind you fasting is that you
		
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			attain a tafuah.
		
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			Because the tafuah that you attain is going
		
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			to
		
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			get your actions that you do accepted.
		
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			Umrah
		
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			He said, if I knew that once sijda
		
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			was accepted, I would have preferred to pass
		
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			away.
		
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			So he was asked why? He said Allah
		
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			he says,
		
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			Allah
		
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			only accepts
		
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			take you towards a direction. And this is
		
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			exactly what Jabir ibn Abdullah radiAllahu anhu said,
		
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			When you fast, then make sure you fast
		
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			from what?
		
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			Make sure your eyes fast. Make sure your
		
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			ears fast and make sure also your tongue
		
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			fast.
		
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			That's what's going to inshallah,
		
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			give us the reward that is going to
		
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			take us to a jannah.
		
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			So for a person now to just withhold
		
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			from what?
		
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			Food and drink, and then he can't control
		
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			his mouth.
		
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			The messenger salallahu alayhi wa samaudri say,
		
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			Whoever doesn't stay away from all Azur,
		
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			evil,
		
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			false, idle speech,
		
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			and also acting upon that, and the ignorance
		
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			that a person might do and say,
		
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			then Allah is not in need of him
		
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			what? Leaving off his food and his drink.
		
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			So we have the technical meaning that which
		
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			is split into 2 categories.
		
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			That which we need to withhold from, that
		
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			is going to what?
		
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			Invalidate
		
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			our fast if we don't. And then you
		
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			have that which is going to reduce the
		
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			reward that we get.
		
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			So here he said,
		
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			the song is to withhold
		
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			that which is now going to invalidate
		
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			our fast.
		
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			For a specific time.
		
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			For a specific time.
		
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			So when you look at the taref, the
		
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			definition of somm, as I mentioned earlier,
		
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			To stay away from something specifically.
		
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			And also at a specific time. And that
		
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			is what?
		
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			From sunrise all the way to
		
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			sunset. Okay? From sunrise all the way to
		
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			sunset.
		
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			Biniyatin Maqsusa, and I'm going to explain this
		
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			inshallahu ta'ala. Then he goes on to say,
		
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			With an intention
		
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			that is made inside the month of Ramadan.
		
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			This
		
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			specific intention that you make, my brothers and
		
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			my sisters, is vital.
		
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			Because if you don't make that intention, inshallah,
		
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			I'm going to elaborate whether one can do
		
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			it at the beginning of the month or
		
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			he has to do it on every single
		
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			night. But that that which is more important
		
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			than that is, one making the right intention.
		
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			We know that there is a principle
		
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			in our religion.
		
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			It is not
		
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			Even the
		
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			He says that the intention
		
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			is a condition for every action that you
		
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			do. And based on that intention,
		
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			your action
		
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			might either be accepted or it might become
		
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			corrupt.
		
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			This comes in very very handy. This is
		
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			why they say, this principle entered just about
		
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			in every single Ibadah. Where did this principle
		
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			get taken from?
		
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			Who can tell me?
		
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			The hadith of the missus
		
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			No action is accepted from the individual
		
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			except if it's done with the correct intention.
		
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			So if a person now is fasting in
		
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			the month of Ramadan because he wants to
		
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			lose weight,
		
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			Is this Ramadan been accepted? The answer is
		
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			no. You're not doing for the purpose of
		
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			what?
		
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			Getting closer to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. Recently
		
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			a sister messaged me saying
		
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			that the shaitan keeps playing games with her,
		
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			or the shaitan keeps giving her the thoughts
		
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			that you need to fast in order to
		
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			be a certain way,
		
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			or your body needs to be a certain,
		
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			a shape.
		
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			And if a person doesn't constantly fight with
		
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			himself, it could
		
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			lead to his
		
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			fasting being invalid.
		
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			So a person always needs to be what?
		
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			Doing jihad with himself, striving against himself.
		
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			And through that inshallah,
		
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			your intention will not be affected.
		
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			But if you let now the shaitan get
		
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			the better of you, sometimes you're praying, right?
		
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			Your mom walks in, and you get that
		
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			feeling of wanting to maybe impress your mother.
		
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			If you don't fight that off and the
		
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			shaitan gets the better of you, that salah
		
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			is incorrect, is invalid. You will need to
		
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			bring that salah again. Are you with me,
		
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			my brothers? But if you fight him off,
		
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			and the shaitan doesn't get the better of
		
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			you, even though he's there interfering
		
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			and disturbing your salah.
		
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			Your salah inshaAllah is going to be perfectly
		
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			fine. And this is the jihad Allah subhanahu
		
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			wa'ala told us
		
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			Those who strive in our way, we're going
		
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			to guide them to that which is correct.
		
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			A person striving, doing jihad with himself,
		
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			from staying away from the things he shouldn't
		
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			be
		
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			doing.
		
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			And
		
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			it's a means of a person
		
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			overcoming some of these challenges.
		
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			So here, this is very very important.
		
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			It has to be with the intention of
		
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			gaining closeness to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. And
		
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			that also you are doing the
		
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			obligatory fast of the month of Ramadan.
		
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			Because we know that the fasting is what?
		
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			Of different types. Some are some are what?
		
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			Sunnah.
		
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			That which is
		
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			is the month of Ramadan.
		
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			And also the one that a person makes
		
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			up after the month of Ramadan, if he
		
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			was ill for example,
		
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			or he was traveling for example, or a
		
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			woman now was on her menses,
		
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			and then she has to make that up
		
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			later on.
		
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			Also the
		
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			the vow that a person makes upon himself.
		
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			It says that if Allah gives
		
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			me a child, and I'm going to fast
		
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			insha'a Allah for 3 days.
		
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			That now
		
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			has become man of Torah upon himself. Are
		
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			you with me, my brothers and my sisters?
		
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			And then you also have the voluntary fast.
		
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			So a person now, okay,
		
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			he needs to differentiate upon what exactly he's
		
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			fasting for. Is he doing the obligatory fast?
		
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			Is he doing the
		
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			the voluntary fast?
		
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			By the way, here it says because,
		
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			in order for the the line approach you
		
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			to be,
		
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			to be upright. This is something that you're
		
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			going to learn in Almir Uru if you
		
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			ever embark upon that journey of learning Arabic
		
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			poetry. But the correct way of saying Ramadan
		
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			is what?
		
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			Ramadan.
		
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			Bahiyya says Ramadan.
		
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			The
		
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			next issue that inshallah wa ta'ala we're going
		
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			to be discussing here he says,
		
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			So as they discussed,
		
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			does the intention
		
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			need to be made
		
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			on every single night of the month of
		
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			Ramadan, or is it enough
		
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			for me to make the intention
		
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			at the beginning of the Ramadan, and thus
		
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			inshallah going to be sufficient for the rest
		
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			of Ramadan?
		
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			Here if you look closely, it says, Fir
		
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			Ramban.
		
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			Inside the month of Ramadan. And we know
		
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			in the Arabic language, the fee
		
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			is If I say for example,
		
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			That's a very simple term, or a couple
		
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			of words that have been put together to
		
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			say that Muhammad is inside the house.
		
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			From the meanings that he has in Arabic
		
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			language is if
		
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			you look closely, where this word came from
		
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			is adhar,
		
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			which basically means an envelope.
		
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			Okay? So sometimes from the meanings
		
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			of in the Quran, it will mean what?
		
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			Inside of something.
		
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			So here, when you look at it closely,
		
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			even in the Marik says,
		
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			in Arabic grammar. So from its meanings
		
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			is, okay, the fee is what? Inside. So
		
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			here in the middle of Imam Muhammad
		
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			one needs to make the intention
		
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			for every single night in the month of
		
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			Ramadan.
		
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			That's a bit difficult though. Right?
		
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			Where did he get this from?
		
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			They took it from the hadith
		
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			of Ummi
		
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			or the hadith of Hafsata
		
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			said that the messenger of Allah said,
		
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			whoever
		
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			does not make the intention
		
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			of fasting
		
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			the night before, that there's no for a
		
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			person.
		
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			There is no for the person who doesn't
		
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			make the intention the night before.
		
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			So this is exactly where he took it
		
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			from. And this is the official position of
		
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			the mad hub of Imam Ahmed Rahimahullah
		
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			ta'ala.
		
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			That the intention needs to be made,
		
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			okay, for every single night that he's going
		
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			to be fasting following day.
		
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			But the scholars you find, they discuss this,
		
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			they debated this. Some of them they mentioned
		
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			that if you do it, okay, at the
		
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			beginning of the month, that should suffice you
		
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			for the rest of the month that you're
		
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			going to be fasting in the month of
		
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			Ramadan. But is it safer? The answer is
		
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			yes. Why? Because we've had this hadith.
		
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			Even though the skills are different, whether it
		
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			is
		
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			or whether it is.
		
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			What does mean?
		
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			Means it stops at the.
		
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			Jameel, what does mean?
		
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			It says,
		
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			that which has been ascribed back to a
		
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			companion, whether it is a action or whether
		
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			it is a statement, then we say that
		
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			this narration
		
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			is But he also says,
		
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			Any action or any statement that has been
		
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			ascribed back to? The Messenger sallallahu alaihiwe say
		
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			this narration is what? Alaihi wa sallallahu alaihi
		
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			wa sallallahu alaihi wa sallallahu alaihi wa sallallahu
		
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			alaihi wa sallallahu alaihi wa sallallahu alaihi wa
		
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			sallallahu alaihi wa sallallahu al
		
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			Or is this actually a statement of the
		
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			messenger sallallahu alaihi wa sallam?
		
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			This is why Imam al Tirmidhi and also
		
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			Imam al Nasai
		
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			who are from the 6 books of hadith,
		
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			right? We always hear, Ravaha al Nasai, narrated
		
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			by Nisai, narrated by Muhammad They
		
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			led towards
		
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			the position of this narration being
		
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			it is safer.
		
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			Okay?
		
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			That a person makes the intention every night.
		
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			You know?
		
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			Anyways, you find that the issue is quite
		
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			broad. And the issue of the is something
		
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			that is Sahil, something that is, you know,
		
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			we can be easy going with.
		
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			With
		
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			regards to now,
		
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			a voluntary type of fasting.
		
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			Do I need to make the intention
		
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			the night before?
		
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			If I want to fast a voluntary fast.
		
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			The answer is no.
		
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			We're speaking about the obligatory fast. Whether it's
		
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			a kafara,
		
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			an expiation that a person
		
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			is fasting for, okay, because he end up
		
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			swearing by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, and then
		
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			he didn't,
		
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			okay,
		
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			fulfill that which is so awful.
		
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			We know that that time of fasting also
		
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			becomes wide upon that individual.
		
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			And likewise, so the
		
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			fasting that a person, he does because he
		
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			made a vow, and likewise the fasting that
		
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			a person does in order to make up
		
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			that which he missed from the month of
		
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			Ramadan,
		
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			he must make
		
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			and the intention the night before.
		
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			He must make the intention the night before.
		
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			But what about now when it comes to
		
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			the voluntary fast?
		
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			If an individual now, he woke up
		
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			at 12 o'clock.
		
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			K? And he decided to fast,
		
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			or even maybe at 3 o'clock, he missed
		
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			and he decided to fast. Can he fast
		
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			on a day?
		
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			The answer is yes.
		
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			The answer is yes. And this is exactly
		
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			what Aisha
		
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			mentioned about the messenger
		
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			She said,
		
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			Once upon a day, the messenger
		
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			was telling me he entered upon us.
		
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			He asked, is there anything in the house
		
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			that I can eat?
		
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			We said no. He said,
		
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			If that's the case, then I'm going to
		
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			fast that day, inshallah.
		
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			Then he came another day.
		
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			We have been gifted with a type of
		
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			food called hayes,
		
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			which is a very humble type of food
		
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			that the best used to eat.
		
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			He said, show me, for indeed I started
		
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			my day from the morning
		
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			while I was fasting.
		
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			And this hadith is in what? Sahih Muslim.
		
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			So point of the matter is here, the
		
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			messenger sallallahu alaihi wasallam he fasted even though
		
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			he didn't make the intention in the night.
		
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			But then the scholars they discussed.
		
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			Okay?
		
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			Does he have to stop fasting before Zawal,
		
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			meaning before Duhr?
		
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			Okay. Or can he start fasting from after
		
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			Duhr?
		
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			K. First point is,
		
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			as long as he did not eat, or
		
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			drink or do something that is going to
		
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			invalidate his fast, then he can fast on
		
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			that day.
		
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			Are you with me guys? So he woke
		
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			up, he didn't have sexual * from Fajr.
		
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			Waleh,
		
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			or he didn't eat or drink anything. And
		
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			he didn't also
		
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			fall into the other things that invalidate one's
		
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			fast.
		
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			If he decides to fast,
		
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			but
		
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			does it have to be from before Zawal,
		
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			before Zawal, or after Zawal? The method of
		
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			Imam Ahmad
		
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			is that it can be
		
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			from any time of the day.
		
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			Are you with me, guys? It can be
		
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			from any time of the day. And this
		
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			was the position of some of the companions,
		
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			like
		
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			and also
		
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			And also
		
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			said, Whoever wants to fast
		
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			after zawal,
		
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			then it's okay for him to fast.
		
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			Anos ibn Abbas
		
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			said to myself,
		
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			Sometimes I used to wake up in the
		
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			morning and I don't want any, or I
		
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			don't want to be fasting on that day,
		
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			and then I would fast.
		
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			Okay.
		
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			So as long as the person doesn't eat
		
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			or drink,
		
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			and he doesn't do some of the things
		
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			that he's going to invalidate
		
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			his fast, then he can fast on that
		
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			day. And this is for a voluntary type
		
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			of fasting.
		
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			K? This is it for a voluntary type
		
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			of fasting.