Zia Sheikh – Tafseer of Surah Yousuf Ayah 21 onwards 10052016
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وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَآتَيْنَاهُ حُكْمًا وَحِلْمًا وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجَزِ
الْمُحْسِنِينَ وَرَاوَدَتْ كُلَّتِي هُوَ فِي بَيْتِهَا عَن نَفْسِهِ
وَغَلَّقَتْ الْأَبْوَابُ وَقَالَتْ هَيْتَ لَكَ قَالَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ
إِنَّهُ رَبِّي أَحْسَنَ مَثْوَٰي إِنَّهُ لَا يُفْلِحُ الظَّالِمُونَ
InshaAllah we are going to continue the Tafseer
of Surah Yusuf and we are starting today
from Ayah number 21.
So in the previous lesson we heard how
Yusuf a.s. was sold into slavery and
a person brought him.
Then this person who brought him, he was
a person who was known as Aziz Misr.
He was the person who was he held
a high position in society.
He was you can say the king and
he put him in the house as a
child and he grew up in this house.
Allah describes the beginning of that relationship in
the first Ayah and He says The person
who bought him from Egypt, who bought him,
purchased him from Misr, from Egypt.
He said to his wife أَكْرِمِ مَثْوَاهُ This
is the loose translation of it is take
care of him.
أَكْرِمِ مَثْوَاهُ means respect him, honor him and
the general meaning, the understanding we can derive
from it is that take care of him
عَسَىٰ أَن يَنفَعْنَا أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَدَهُ Maybe he's
going to benefit us or we can we
can take him as a child So there
are a few things that we need to
understand here.
First of all Who was the person that
purchased him?
Who was the person that bought him?
There are different opinions about his name Some
scholars they say that his name was Riyan
ibn al-Walid Riyan ibn al-Walid and
another He was a person from the Amalik,
he was the person from Amalik and as
for his wife The common understanding is that
her name was Zulaikha but other scholars They
say that her name was Ra'im.
This is another opinion of the scholars So
this person he's in a high position in
society.
So how is it that Taking care of
Yusuf alayhi salatu wasalam is going to benefit
him.
He can take benefit from anyone he can
employ anyone he can pay anyone to come
in the house and Do whatever needs to
be done But the reason the scholars say
that this person He told his wife to
take care of him was that apparently the
couple could not have children they did not
have children and therefore the Person who is
employed to come to the house and do
work that's a different kind of scenario where
the person comes does the work goes away
and Basically, there is no close relationship to
that person however, what this person wanted for
Yusuf alayhi salam was to become like a
son to him and Stay night and day
and it basically becomes like a child to
him the child that they never had They
he wanted Yusuf alayhi salam to take that
position and that's why straight after that Allah
says Or we can take him as a
child so again The translation The person who
purchased him from Egypt said to his wife
Take care of him honor him Maybe he
will be beneficial for us Or we will
take him as a child we will regard
him as a child Allah says this is
how we gave Yusuf alayhi salam a position
on the earth Meaning that look where he
was What his brothers intended for him took
him through him inside a well and thought
he's going to be sold into slavery And
he's going to have the most difficult time
as a slave and instead of that what
happens He gets sold into the noblest of
households in the most comfortable surroundings inside a
palace and not only that the Master he
says to his household.
He says to his wife take care of
him.
Make sure nothing harms him So he went
from the comfortable position of being in the
household of his parents to another comfortable position
To being in a palace, so this is
what is meant by This is how we
gave Yusuf alayhi salam a position in the
earth meaning in that Particular situation We taught
him the meaning the Interpretation of dreams.
So as he got older Allah blessed him
with the ability to Interpret dreams and the
this whole art of interpreting dreams that comes
later on It's mentioned later on how he
interpreted the dream and it became a means
of him even getting a higher position Than
even before Allah was in control of his
whole situation But most people they do not
know so this is something this is a
big lesson we learn That you know, sometimes
we go through difficulties in our life Ultimately,
we have to just turn the situation over
to Allah SWT Allah is in control of
everything.
He knows what's going on with me.
He knows the difficulties that I'm going through
He knows how much I can take Does
not push somebody to boundaries that he cannot
control he cannot bear So I should know
and I should hope and I should keep
in mind That because Allah SWT is in
control of everything.
He knows everything He will take me out
of this situation that I'm in and the
difficulty I'm in So when we say You
know usually salatu salam he went through so
much difficulty you would think that at the
time he's in the well He may think
to himself that I'm going to die here.
What's going to happen to me?
What's going to be my situation and The
future for him is looking so bleak But
Allah SWT is in control of the situation
and he takes him from that difficult situation
to a comfortable situation Wallahu ghalibun ala amri.
Allah SWT was in control of his affairs
walakinna aktharun nasi la ya'lamun Most people
don't realize this.
They don't know this meaning that when a
person is going through difficulty and somebody tries
to Console him and try to tell him,
you know, we have sabr, have patience He
will turn around and maybe blow up in
your face.
You don't know what I'm going through.
You don't know the difficulty I have to
bear.
You don't know what I've lost.
You don't know You know how much torture
I'm in So that person he doesn't realize
at that particular moment that Allah SWT is
in control of everything Maybe a year down
the line, two years down the line, five
years down the line He will look back
and realize Yes Allah SWT did that for
a reason and I came out of that
situation and I came into a better situation
Inna ma'a al-wasri yusra, inna ma
'a al-wasri yusra, as we know Allah
SWT says in surah alam nashrah laka sadaqar
The surah goes on walamma balagha shuddahu aataynahu
hukman wa ilman And when he reached his
peak We gave him hukman, wisdom and knowledge,
which combined the scholars say it refers to
as Prophethood he became a prophet at a
particular time So, what does balagha shuddahu mean?
It means basically that he reached a peak,
a peak in age and there's a difference
of opinion of the scholars as to what
that age was in the case of Yusuf
alayhi salatu wassalam Some say that this is
the opinion of Ibn Abbas and Mujahid al
-Qatada They say that he was 33 years
old and another opinion of Ibn Abbas is
that he was 30 something and the haq
his opinion is that he was 20 years
old and Hasan Says he was 40 years
old and there are also more different opinions
about this particular age But in any case
usually the word baligh, bulugh, it refers to
adolescence and puberty Okay, so Allah SWT uses
this word walamma balagha shuddahu, when we say
bulugh Baligh, he is baligh, he became baligh.
This is an Arabic word in Urdu We
use the same thing baligh oge bacha, that
means that he became He reached puberty.
He reached adolescence and he reached the age
of taqlif meaning that he is now responsible
for his actions So when he reached his
peak we gave him hukman wa ilman Wisdom
and knowledge which the scholars say refers to
prophethood wa kathalika najzil muhsineen and this is
how we reward the the the doers of
good or the people that practice ihsan and
some scholars refer to al-muhsineen is Referring
to the Prophet alayhi salatu wassalam That just
like Yusuf alayhi salam and Musa alayhi salam
and Isa alayhi salatu wassalam All got prophethood
our beloved Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam He
got prophethood at the allocated time also al
-muhsineen refers to all of the Prophets alayhi
salatu wassalam And particularly our Prophet Muhammad salallahu
alayhi wa sallam wa rawadatul ladhi huwa fee
baytiha an nafsihi wa ghallakatil abwab wa qalat
haytalak so now Yusuf alayhi salam is a
child.
He grows up and the more he grows
the more handsome He becomes and the more
good-looking he becomes and the woman whose
house in which he is being taken care
of she now tries to Seduce him and
there are opinions Obviously, first of all, we
need to understand the importance of making sure
that we do not in our households subject
our Wives and our sisters to these kinds
of dangerous situations where they are in the
presence of non-maharin This unfortunately in our
households in back home It's very common that
cousins come in and go go in and
go out with the excuse that he's my
brother She's my sister and the reality is
they're not mahram The mahram is only the
blood brother only the blood sister is the
mahram Therefore and other mahram, but a cousin
is not a mahram brother-in-law is
not a mahram and It's a mention in
a hadith that the brother-in-law in
particular He is poison poison means that relationship
is such that you know it's it's a
very dangerous situation where interaction is taking place
between brother-in-law and One's wife.
Okay, the brother-in-law of the wife
And Close interaction being alone in that situation
It is very very difficult and a very
very dangerous situation to be in so we
should never Expose our sisters to that kind
of situation.
The other situation is the situation of employees
servants workers in the house drivers all of
these The ruling is very very clear that
there has to be hijab Maintained and a
separation between them and the and if you
Become lax in these rules, then this opens
the doors of Shaitan So keeping these ayat
in mind, it's important to also remind ourselves
about that situation So Allah subhanahu wa'ta'ala
says وَرَاوَدَتْ قُلَّتِهِ وَفِى بَيْتِهَا The one in
whose house he was in she Tried to
seduce him and the wording is very special
here وَرَاوَدَتْ قُلَّتِهِ وَفِى بَيْتِهَا The one in
whose house He was in meaning they were
in close proximity to each other they were
in the same house and that's why this
situation occurred and رَاوَدَةْ it means to seek
Gentleness and to seek to seek softness from
somebody.
This is what رَاوَدَةْ means So in other
words to seduce that which is the closest
English translation وَرَاوَدَتْ قُلَّتِهِ وَفِى بَيْتِهَا عَن نَفْسِهِ
So she tries to she tried to seduce
him From himself meaning that to for him
to lose control from himself Well, then how
should how did she do that?
وَغَلَّقَتْ الْأَبْوَارِ She locked the doors and the
word غَلَّقَةْ it refers to not only locking
the door because that word is أغلقَةْ أغلقَ
يُغلِقُ but غَلَّقَةْ from تفعيل it means to
lock the doors and make sure that they're
locked or to use many locks and On
top of that.
It's not only one door.
It's الأبوار There are many many doors So
it's a palace and to get from one
room to the other there are many many
doors So not only did she lock one
door.
She locked all of the doors So that
Yusuf alayhi salam could not escape and from
this we understand also that when a person
has Is about to commit a sin there's
always there's always a sense of shame Associated
with it and that is why when there's
a sense of shame associated with it The
the person who's committing that sin doesn't want
anybody to know obviously when a person reflects
upon Allah SWT Allah knows About that sin
and the sin that will be committed and
the sin the person is committing Allah SWT
already knows But the fact that she is
closing the doors.
She is locking the doors It means that
she doesn't want her secret to be disclosed
Means that she has a position in society
and she doesn't want that that position to
be jeopardized so وغلقت الأبواب وقالت هيت لك
And she says هيت لك What is this
word هيت لك?
There are different opinions about what هيت لك
actually means There are different wordings described from
the scholars هيت هيت هيت هيت هيت هيت
هيت These are different قراءات that are mentioned
about this particular word.
So what does it mean?
Ikramah He says that it means Halum Malak.
Halum Malak means that come.
Halum Malak, come and this is in the
language of Hurania and this is basically, it's
not an Arab term but it became adopted
by the Arabs and it became an Arabic
word.
But it was from the Hurania tribe and
it was not an Arabic word and this
is actually the language, how languages go from
one place to the other and they become
part of another language.
You'd be surprised that in the Middle East,
the word Sida is used a lot nowadays.
Whereas if you ask an Arab what Sida
means, he says it means straight, go straight,
Ala Tool.
But this word Sida is actually an Urdu
word.
It is an Urdu word and probably because
of the interaction of the Indian people and
Pakistani people with the Arabs, the word Sida,
it became part of Arabic.
It's not an Arabic word.
And there are other words similar to that
and the same thing happens in so many
languages.
So Haithalak, based upon this, it is a
different language but it became adopted in Arabic
and it means come.
It means come, meaning and also some scholars,
they say it means Haithalak, it means that
Hayyatulak, meaning I'm ready for you.
I'm ready for you, meaning I'm ready for
you, I'm ready to do this bad action.
So Haithalak, these are all different qiraat and
there are different meanings given by other scholars
as to what it means.
But basically the summary is that she is
telling him to come and fulfil his desire
and to get her desire fulfilled also.
So what happened?
This is a big test for any human
being, huge test for any human being who
is in that type of situation and that's
why you see so many politicians, so many
prominent people who are in very high positions,
they get trapped in these kinds of things
and they lose their positions because of slipping
up under the entrapment of women.
So it's a very delicate situation and really
it takes a lot of iman to prevent
oneself from falling into that trap.
So that's why it's mentioned in the hadith,
very famous hadith that you've probably heard before,
that on the day of judgement when there
will be no shade except the shade of
the Arsh of Allah SWT, there will be
seven kinds of people that will be underneath
the Arsh of Allah SWT, underneath the shade
of the Arsh of Allah SWT and one
of them is a woman who has position
in society and she is beautiful, she calls
a man who is young and he says
I fear Allah SWT and he does not
listen to her, he does not obey her,
he does not go with her, he does
not go to fulfill his need or her
need with her.
So why?
Because this is a very very tough situation
to be in and especially Yusuf A.S.
unmarried yet, not married, young man, prime of
his youth, how could he not slip up?
So he said, how did he respond?
He said I seek the refuge of Allah
SWT, I seek Allah's refuge and in this
situation only Allah's refuge can be sought.
He said Innahu Rabbi Ahsana Mathwai, this has
two meanings, one meaning, the translation is indeed
he is my master, he took care of
me, he honoured me, he gave me an
honoured position.
So one meaning is, it's referring to Rabb,
meaning Allah SWT, Rabbul Alameen, Allah took care
of me and he took me from this
difficult situation and put me in this comfortable
situation, how can I disobey Allah SWT?
How can I disobey Allah SWT?
Innahu Rabbi Ahsana Mathwai.
And another meaning, according to some scholars, it
refers to the person who purchased him and
looked after him and took him in as
a son and looked after him for so
many years, he is thinking of him.
It says, Innahu Rabbi, he is my master,
meaning I am his slave and Ahsana Mathwai,
he took care of me for so many
years and now that same person who took
care of me, I repay him by doing
this kind of action with his wife, this
is impossible.
How can I do that?
And then at the end Allah SWT, he
says, Innahu laa yuftuhu thulalimoon, indeed the wrongdoers
can never be successful.
Meaning wrongdoers, any person that steps out of
line, the word used is thulalimoon, any person
who steps out of line and disobeys Allah
SWT in any way, shape or form, he
is doing dhulm, this is a type of
dhulm.
The definition of dhulm in Arabic, wada'u
shay'in fee ghayri mahallihi dhulm, that to
put something in a place where it's not
supposed to be, this is dhulm.
So this kind of relationship, it's actually doing
something and engaging in a relationship with a
person that a person is not supposed to,
then obviously this is a type of dhulm
and Yusuf AS, the verse ends by him
declaring, Innahu laa yuftuhu thulalimoon, that indeed wrongdoers
can never be successful.
So inshallah we'll stop there and we will
continue with the surah next week, I pray
that Allah SWT gives us the ability to
understand and practice what has been said and
heard.