Zia Sheikh – Tafseer of Surah BaniIsrael Session 17
AI: Summary ©
AI: Transcript ©
We are going through the Tafsir of Surah
Bani Israel and today inshallah we are going
to be discussing ayah number 78 and ayah
number 79.
Two ayahs, but they have a lot of
detail inside them, so therefore it's going to
take a little bit of time.
So inshallah we are going to be focusing
on these two specific ayahs inshallah.
Allah SWT addresses the Prophet SAW and gives
him a command.
He says, aqim is salah.
Establish the salah.
And when the Prophet SAW is being given
a command, indirectly we also are given that
same command.
The one who is being addressed is the
Prophet SAW, but indirectly we also are being
addressed.
So Allah tells him, establish the salah.
And remember, I mentioned this many times before,
Allah SWT whenever he talks about the salah,
he uses the word aqim is salah and
doesn't simply say salli or sallu, which is
the actual meaning, the actual way to tell
somebody to pray.
aqim is salah, establish salah, perfect salah, complete
salah, work on your salah, be punctual in
your salah.
That's what aqim is salah means.
And iqamah means to actually build something.
So salah is something to be worked upon,
it's not something to be taken half-heartedly
and just to basically do, to remove a
burden from oneself, but it's something that we
work on, we work on the physical aspect
of the salah and we work on the
internal aspect of the salah.
The physical aspect, we pray according to the
sunnah of the Prophet SAW and internally we
try to make as much khushu and concentration
as possible and think about Allah SWT throughout
the salah.
So this is what is meant by aqim
is salah, establish the salah.
Liduluki shamsi ila ghasaqil layn.
And what are the timings of the salah?
In this very brief statement, all of the
five salats become included.
Liduluki shams, from the time of the dalq
of the sun.
Dalq or duluk, it means when the sun
reaches its peak and then crosses that peak.
What's that time called?
Who knows?
Zawal, right?
So the time after zawal is the time
when dhuhr time begins.
So this is also known in Arabic as
the time of dalq shams or duluk shams.
Ila ghasaqil layn, until the darkness of the
night.
Until the darkness of the night.
Ghasaq refers to the beginning portion of the
night or the darkness of the beginning portion
of the night.
So establish the salah from the time of
zawal until the darkness of the night.
So how many salats are being mentioned here?
Dhuhr is included, asr is included, maghrib because
this is the beginning of the darkness or
the sunset and then the darkness itself which
is salatul isha.
So in this, Liduluki shamsi ila ghasaqil layn,
four salats become included.
Wa quran al fajr and the recitation at
fajr also.
And in this, you get salatul fajr.
So all of the five salats mentioned in
one sentence, the Prophet a.s. is told
to establish those salats and we indirectly are
told to also establish those same salats.
Now, what does quran al fajr mean?
This is specifically referring to the recitation of
the quran at fajr time because Allah says
after that, Indeed, the recitation of the fajr
is something that is attended.
Attended by whom?
It is attended by angels.
So if you ever, and I think that
probably most people come for fajr here, if
you come for the fajr, there is an
actual noor related to fajr.
There is a special blessing related to fajr
which is not found in any other salat.
And this is what Allah a.s. is
saying here, The Prophet a.s. said in
a hadith, The person who prays the salat,
The person who prays the salat, he is
in the responsibility of Allah a.s. So
what does that mean?
Allah a.s. takes care of him.
Allah a.s. protects him.
He gets this peace within him.
He gets this tranquility within him and he
starts his day in a beautiful way because
he started the day in the remembrance of
Allah a.s. in the obedience of Allah
a.s. The person who misses his fajr,
he doesn't pray his fajr.
Then his whole day is going to be
dumped with difficulty and internally he is going
to feel bad.
Internally he feels something is off.
So this is the benefit of fajr.
The Prophet a.s. mentioned in a hadith,
It's a hadith narrated by Abu Huraira a
.s. He says, The Prophet a.s. said,
This is the time of fajr in which
the angels of the night and the angels
of the day both gather and they come
and listen to the Quran at that time.
So this is something specific to salatul fajr.
And in another hadith, Abu Huraira a.s.
narrates, It's a hadith of Sahihain, Bukhari and
Muslim.
The Prophet a.s. said, The angels, they
basically take turns with you.
They come and go.
They are the angels of the night and
the angels of the day.
And they all gather at the time of
salatul subh, meaning at the time of fajr.
And also at the time of asr.
The ones that stayed the night with you,
meaning the angels of the night, they ascend
to Allah a.s. and Allah a.s.
asks them, despite the fact that he knows
everything, How did you leave my slaves?
So they say, We came to them while
they were praying.
And we left them while they were praying.
So this is again the benefit of praying
salatul fajr.
Especially with the jamaa, we should try to
do that.
And then after that Allah a.s. says,
First of all, Indeed, the recitation of the
fajr is attended.
And then after that, And at night, make
tahajjud.
Make tahajjud.
And tahajjud, there is a difference of opinion
about what that actually means.
The actual meaning, if you look at the
root word of tahajjud, it means to go
to sleep.
And this is one of those words, and
there are some words in Arabic like that,
that have exactly the opposite meaning.
So tahajjud can mean to go to sleep,
and tahajjud can also mean to actually wake
up.
So, opposing meanings.
Based upon this understanding, some scholars actually say,
that a person, if he wants to pray
tahajjud, he should go to sleep.
And then wake up in the morning, the
last third of the night, and then pray
salatul tahajjud, and then that would be regarded
as salatul tahajjud.
However, Hasan al Basri, he says, that any
salat which is prayed after isha, that is
regarded as tahajjud.
Okay, so basically you've done your isha prayer,
you think that you're not going to be
able to wake up in actual tahajjud time,
in the last third of the night, so
it's recommended that you pray a few rakat
of nawafil, before going to sleep.
And that will suffice for you, that will
be sufficient as tahajjud, and you will get
the reward for tahajjud for doing that.
But the best part of the night is
the last third of the night, about which
the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam, he's mentioned
many specific hadith which say, that Allah sallallahu
alaihi wa sallam, he descends to the sky
of the earth, in the last third of
the night, and he asks his slaves, Is
there anyone who is seeking forgiveness that I
should forgive him?
Is there any person who is asking so
I should give?
So Allah sallallahu alaihi wa sallam's special mercy
descends, in the last third of the night,
but having said that, according to the opinion
of Hasan al-Basri at least, a person
who prays his tahajjud even before going to
sleep, it is sufficient for him, and this
will be regarded also as tahajjud.
After that, nawafilatallak, addressing the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam, this is a nawafilah for you,
a Prophet of Allah.
Now, this has two meanings, we know what
nawafilah means, right?
It means something which is non-obligatory.
But nawafilatallak, one opinion the scholars say is,
that this nawafil is specifically for you, which
means that this order for the Prophet sallallahu
alaihi wa sallam to pray tahajjud, was specific
to him, and it was obligatory upon him
to pray tahajjud.
It was something which was specific for him,
and it was an obligation for him to
actually pray the tahajjud.
So, this is one meaning.
And the other meaning is, nawafilatallak means, it
is a non-obligatory worship for you, meaning
it's a bonus for you.
Why is it a bonus?
Because all of the sins of the Prophet
sallallahu alaihi wa sallam, ma taqaddamu wa ma
taakhar, all of the sins, future, past, present,
any sin that he committed, obviously he didn't
commit any sin because he was masoom, he
was protected by Allah s.w.t. But,
he didn't commit any sin, so therefore, the
praying of tahajjud was simply a bonus for
him.
So this is the second meaning.
One meaning, it's nawafilatallak, means that this nawafila
is specifically an obligation for you, and the
second meaning is, that this is a bonus
for you, this is an extra reward for
you, for you to pray it, because obviously
you don't need to do anything because all
of your sins have been forgiven, so therefore,
this is a bonus for you, O Prophet
of Allah.
And then after that, It's very close that
your Lord is going to resurrect you and
raise you in maqam-e-mahmood, in this
praiseworthy station, in this praiseworthy position.
What is maqam-e-mahmood?
This is the subject of a lengthy discussion,
which I'm going to talk about right now.
There's a few riwayat that I'm going to
mention, a few hadith, which will give us
an idea of what this is referring to.
He says, that the majority of the scholars,
they say, that what does maqam-e-mahmood
mean?
ذلك هو المقام الذي يقومه محمد صلى الله
عليه وسلم يوم القيامة للشفاعة للناس It is
that position, that place, that specific place, in
which the Prophet ﷺ is going to stand,
and he's going to intercede on the behalf
of his ummah, that is known as maqam
-e-mahmood.
Hudaifah رضي الله عنه says, All
of the people are going to be gathered
in one place, and there's going to be
a person who's going to call, and people
are going to be able to see, towards
the end of the horizon, everybody's going to
be seen, on this specific, in this specific
place, where everybody's going to be gathered, everybody's
going to be, they're going to be naked
head and naked body, كما خُلِقُوا just like
they were created.
And then, nobody's going to be able to
talk.
Just imagine billions and billions or trillions of
people, just standing, and it's deadly silent.
Deadly silent, nobody can speak.
And there's an ayat of the Quran in
which, Allah ﷻ says, that you're going to
be only, be able to hear the shuffling
of the feet.
This is when the people's feet are going
to be moving, that's the only thing you're
going to be able to hear.
So, this is what's going to happen.
And then, somebody's going to call out.
يُنَادَ يَا مُحَمَّدْ أَوْ مُحَمَّدْ فَيَقُولُ The Prophet
ﷺ is going to say, لَبَّيْكَ وَسَاعَدَيْكَ وَالْخَيْرُ
فِيَدَيْكَ وَالشَّرُّ لَيْسَ إِلَيْكَ وَالْمَهْدِيُ مَنْ هَدَيْتَ The
Prophet ﷺ is going to respond by saying,
Oh Allah, I'm present.
All goodness is in your hands.
Evil is not referred back to you.
And the guided one is the one that
you guide.
وَعَبْدُكَ بَيْنِ يَدَيْكَ وَمِنْكَ وَإِلَيْكَ Your slave is
standing in front of you, right in front
of you.
لَا مَنْجَى وَلَا مَلْجَى مِنْكَ إِلَّا إِلَيْكَ There's
no place for refuge.
There's no place to run, except to you.
تَبَارَكْتَ وَتَعَالَيْكَ سُبْحَانَكَ رَبَّ الْبَيْتِ You are high
and you're blessed.
And how pure you are, the Lord of
the house.
So, the Mufassereen say that this calling and
this response of the Prophet ﷺ, this is
مَقَامٌ مَحْمُودٌ Ibn Abbas ﷺ says المقام المحمود
مقام الشفاعة مقام المحمود is the place of
shafa'ah or the position of shafa'ah
or the ability to give shafa'ah or
intercession on behalf of the Ummah.
Ibn Kathir ﷺ who is the author of
the Tafsir, he says, the Prophet ﷺ is
going to be given very specific and special
things and blessings that nobody else has been
given, nobody else will be given.
Nobody will be equal.
He will be the first one whose grave
will open on the Day of Judgment.
The Prophet ﷺ's grave will open the
first and he'll be resurrected the first on
the Day of Judgment.
And then he will come to the Mahshar
riding on something.
And then he will be carrying a flag
in which which will be followed by Adam
ﷺ and everyone else behind him.
He'll be in front, carrying a flag, everybody,
all of humanity will be behind the Prophet
ﷺ.
Then he's going to get Al-Hawd, the
Hawd which is the spring.
This spring which is known as Al-Kawthar,
this will be something which will be visited
by the most people.
And then he's going to be given the
ability to intercede on the behalf of people.
And this will take place after people are
going to go to Adam ﷺ, Musa ﷺ,
Isa ﷺ and they're all going to raise
their hands and say, we cannot do anything
for you today.
And then ultimately they're going to come to
the Prophet ﷺ and he's going to intercede
on behalf of people that have been destined
to go to the Hellfire, but the Prophet
ﷺ is going to intercede on their behalf
and then he is his Shafa'ah is
going to be accepted.
His Ummah is going to be judged the
first.
Our judgment is going to take place the
first.
And also they'll be the first to go
on to the bridge which is across the
Hellfire which is known as the Asirat.
And basically cross over into Paradise the first.
He is going to be the first one
to enter Paradise and his Ummah is going
to enter the Paradise before anybody.
So all of these things combined this is
what Maqamul Mahmud means according to Ibn Kathir,
Rahimahullah.
It's mentioned in a riwayat of Bukhari, Ibn
Umar says, Arabic Arabic Arabic
Arabic Arabic person, every human is going to
be resurrected and they're going to be Juthaa.
Juthaa basically means they're going to be bent
over with the pressure of what's going on
around them.
And each one is going to go to
their Prophet and going to ask their Prophet
intercede for me intercede for me and nobody
is going to be able to intercede until
they come to the Prophet and he will
intercede on behalf of people.
In another riwayat Arabic Arabic Arabic
Arabic Arabic Arabic Arabic In this riwayat, the
sun is going to be above the people's
heads and people are going to be sweating
and they're going to be drowning in their
own sweats until the sweat is going to
reach their ears.
And while they're in this situation people are
going to be making istighafa, meaning seeking help
from Adam and he will say Arabic I'm
not worthy of doing that.
And then Musa A.S. he's going to
say the same thing and then to Muhammad
A.S. and he's going to intercede between
the people and he's going to walk until
he's going to hold onto the ring of
the door of Jannah and that is Arabic
that has been promised to the Prophet A
.S. The next hadith is something that we
should all pay attention to it is something
that is easy to do yet many people
neglect it and do not take advantage of
it.
What is that hadith?
Jabir Ibn Abdullah A.S. narrates Arabic Arabic
Arabic Arabic The person who hears the nida,
meaning the adhan, and basically he says this
dua after the adhan has finished which is
Arabic Arabic Arabic Arabic The Prophet
S.A.W. said whoever reads this dua,
my shafa'ah, my intercession will be obligatory
for him on the day of judgement.
Very easy thing to do and yet such
a reward that the Prophet S.A.W.
is going to intercede on our behalf if
we do this dua.
This is asking Allah S.W.T to
give the Prophet S.A.W. Arabic So
when a person does that, he makes dua
for the Prophet S.A.W. to get
this special status on the day of judgement,
he himself will be benefiting from that special
status which will be the intercession of the
Prophet S.A.W. on behalf of him.
Arabic Arabic from the Prophet S.A.W.
Arabic Arabic When the day of judgement takes
place, I will be the Imam of all
the Prophets S.A.W. Arabic Arabic Arabic
I will be their khateeb and I will
be the person whose intercession will be accepted
Arabic and I'm not saying this out of
arrogance the Prophet S.A.W. said, it's
not that I'm arrogant about it, but this
is a reality this is going to happen.
And there are many many hadith which talk
about this whole concept of intercession and people
going to the Prophets S.A.W. and
being upset and worried and running around not
knowing what to do until it comes to
the Prophet S.A.W. The Prophet S
.A.W. goes into sajdah and makes duas
that Allah S.W.T is going to
put into his heart and then after that
Allah S.W.T is going to tell
him Arabic Arabic Raise your head, ask, Allah
will give you and intercede, Allah will accept
your intercession.
Beautiful long riwayat, we don't have time to
go into them right now, but basically the
summary is that the Prophet S.A.W.
is going to be given this special status
on the Day of Judgement Just finish off
with a couple more hadith inshallah Arabic Arabic
The Prophet S.A.W. said that people
are going to be resurrected on the Day
of Judgement and me and my Ummah are
going to be on a hill meaning this
Ummah is going to be specifically put on
a special place which is elevated and the
people are going to be around them Arabic
Arabic Allah S.W.T is going to
make me wear the green clothes of Jannah
are going to be put on me Arabic
and then I'm going to be permitted Arabic
and I will say what Allah S.W
.T wants me to say Arabic Arabic this
is what Al Maqam Al Mahmood refers to
Abu Dardar R.A. says he says that
the Prophet S.A.W. said Arabic Arabic
I'm going to be the first person who
is going to be given permission to make
Sajdah on the Day of Judgement Arabic Arabic
Arabic and I will be the first person
who is going to be permitted to raise
his head from the Sajdah also Arabic I'm
going to look at whatever is in front
of me Arabic and I'm going to recognize
my Ummah from between all of the nations
Arabic and I will look behind me the
same thing, I'll recognize my Ummah Arabic on
my right I'm going to recognize my Ummah
Arabic also on my left I'm going to
be recognizing my Ummah a person said to
the Prophet S.A.W. Arabic Arabic how
are you going to recognize your Ummah from
between all of the nations Arabic there's going
to be so many people from Nuh S
.A.W. all the way up to your
Ummah so how are you going to recognize
them so the Prophet S.A.W. said
Arabic Arabic they're going to be Arabic because
of the effect of Wudu Arabic refers to
those horses which have white patches on their
forearms and their feet that's what means so
the Ummah, they're going to be their body
parts are going to be shining just like
those white patches on horses, very very clear
that you cannot differentiate that you can easily
differentiate between a horse which has those marks
and a horse which does not have those
marks the Prophet S.A.W. said my
Ummah their body parts are going to be
shining because of the effect of Wudu and
I will recognize them so how misfortunate is
that person who doesn't make Wudu, who doesn't
pray the Salat, the Prophet S.A.W.
is not going to be able to recognize
him this is one of the pillars of
our Deen is the Salat it is one
of the foundations to make Wudu and go
for Salat this is something that we should
be proud of and something which will make
us be different from the other people on
the Day of Judgement so we should take
advantage of it as much as possible Arabic
there's nobody like that other than them that
are going to have that the Prophet S
.A.W. said Arabic Arabic Arabic Arabic
Arabic Arabic Arabic and I'm going to recognize
them that their progeny is going to be
in front of them, meaning Allah S.W
.T is going to reunite all of their
progeny and children on the Day of Judgement
and this is another one of the indications
of my Ummah that their progeny their children
are going to be in front of them
in Sahih Muslim, Rahimahullah the Prophet S.A
.W. said Arabic Arabic Arabic Arabic
I am, I will be the leader of
the children of Adam on the Day of
Judgement and the first person whose grave will
be opened up on the Day of Judgement
and I will be the first intercessor interceder
and the first whose intercession will be accepted
and also the Prophet S.A.W. mentioned
about this Ayah that Arabic this is the
place in which I will intercede on behalf
of my Ummah and the final Hadith Arabic
Arabic Arabic Arabic Allah S.W.T is
going to stretch out the Earth on the
Day of Judgement, people are going to be
standing there, but there is not going to
be any other space except for a person's
feet that are going to be there all
of humanity are going to be gathered and
the people's, the place is only going to
be for the feet the Prophet S.A
.W. said Arabic I will be the first
one who is going to be called Arabic
Arabic Jibreel S.A.W. is going to
be on the right of Allah S.W
.T Arabic Arabic Arabic Arabic
Arabic Arabic I will say to my Lord
O my Lord this, meaning Jibreel S.A
.W. he informed me that you sent him
to me and Allah S.W.T is
going to say that yes he told the
truth and then I will intercede on behalf
of my Ummah and I am going to
say O my Lord your slaves, your servants
they worshipped you in all the corners of
the Earth, they worshipped you in all the
corners of the Earth this is Al Maqamul
Mahmood the fact that I will be standing
in front of Allah S.W.T and
asking him this and conversing with him, this
will be Al Maqamul Mahmood so basically the
summary is that Allah S.W.T is
telling the Prophet S.A.W. that O
Prophet of Allah you are going to get
a special status on the Day of Judgement
this status is known as Al Maqamul Mahmood
and when we hear the Adhan, we actually
make Dua for the Prophet S.A.W.
O Allah give him this special status that
you promised him and because of that Allah
S.W.T is going to allow the
intercession that Prophet S.A.W. does for
people, that will be obligatory on our behalf
Allah S.W.T is going to accept
that intercession and we will be blessed with
that intercession and Allah S.W.T will
accept it so this is the specific thing
the special status of the Prophet S.A
.W. which will be different to all of
the Anbiya on the Day of Judgement so
we are in that Ummah of the Prophet
S.A.W. we should be proud of
that and we should be happy that Allah
S.W.T chose us to be in
this Ummah Allah S.W.T says Allah
S.W.T actually chose you and He
didn't make any haraj, any difficulty in your
Deen so the fact that we are chosen
and we are in the Ummah of the
Prophet S.A.W. this is something that
we should be grateful for, we should and
we should thank Allah S.W.T for
as much as possible and we will see
the true benefits of that Insha'Allah on
the Day of Judgement I pray that Allah
S.W.T gives us tawfiq to understand
and practice what is being said and heard
Al Fatiha