Yasir Qadhi – Islam In Bangladesh Anecdotes From History

Yasir Qadhi
AI: Summary ©
The region where Islam was once established is known for its large Muslim population and its pre-aching practices. The region is now part of the Hod dynasty and has a large population of Muslims. The region's history includes the rise of pre-owned Islamists and the famous holy spirit Shah Jada. The region's resistance to the British-led war and its involvement in major battles have led to a mutiny war of independence, which is the largest and most expensive war in history. The region's history and culture includes the rise of pre-owned Islamists and the famous holy spirit Shah Jada.
AI: Transcript ©
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As we're all aware, the country of Bangladesh

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has been in the news. Our hearts, our

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prayers go out to the people of the

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land. May Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala bless them,

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make this transition time easy for them. So

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I thought that insha'Allah today, let us go

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over very briefly a bird's eye view of

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some of the interesting anecdotes and historical lessons

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we can learn from this region, especially because

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this region is very interesting. If you look

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at the countries around it, you know, look

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at Bhutan, look at Nepal,

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look at India, they are not Muslim majority

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countries. And yet here we have this little

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pocket of a Muslim majority country.

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90%

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of Bangladesh is Muslim. It is the 4th

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largest

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Muslim country in the world. And yet, it

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is surrounded by neighbors, you know, Myanmar,

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Bhutan. These are not Muslim majority countries. And

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this is not where Mohammed bin Qasib landed.

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This is not where the Arab sinned, they

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came. That's on the other side. So how

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did that come about? And what are some

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of the lessons we can learn from that

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region? And again, this is a bird's eye

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view. How much can you accomplish in just

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20 or 30 minutes, inshaAllah, ta'ala. But inshaAllah,

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a bit of a summary. Of course, this

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region,

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has always been associated with the name Bangla.

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And this goes back to the name of

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a tribe that, inhabited this region 3,500

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years ago. Some say it is Bang or

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Banga or Bangla. And of course, dish means

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land. So the country was called Bangladesh, but

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the tribe or the peoples are the Bangla

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or the Bangla, peoples. And this region,

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before the coming of Islam, was majority Buddhist.

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Majority Buddhist and perhaps 30, 40 percent Hindu,

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but the Buddhism was the majority in this

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region. How did Islam come to this region?

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The earliest references that we have in our

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Islamic sources goes back to one of the

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books written under the Abbasids by, a scholar

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by the name of ibn Khordazbeh.

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Ibn Khordazbeh,

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he wrote a book in around 800 CE,

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1200

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years ago, called Kitabul Masaliqi wal mamalik. And

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in it, he talks about the geographical regions

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that the Abbasids have contact with. Those that

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they control and those that they are aware

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of. It is like a geography, a book

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of geography of 1200 years ago. And he

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mentions

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cities and lands that we now understand. Of

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course, he doesn't use the term Bangla or

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Bangladesh, but he mentions coastal cities and lands

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that we can now link up

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to what is now the modern land of

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Bangladesh. And he mentions that these cities are

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cities where the Abbasid ships go, and they,

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go to port over there. They stay there

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for a while. And there are people living

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there from the Abbasid and from the Muslim

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and the Arab traders.

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So we learned, therefore,

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that trade was the main initial route that

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Islam came to this region, beginning from the

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time of the late Umayyads, early Abbasids.

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And excavations have actually uncovered

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gold coins and silver coins. We find them

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in this region that date back to the

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time of Harun al Rashid. So there was

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a thriving industry

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from the time of the early Abbasids.

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Clearly, we even have architectural remnants of mosques.

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Now realize, there is no Sultanate right now.

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There is no political entity, but there are

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Muslims in the region. And this is something

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that is documented by later geographers as well.

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Later on, the most famous geographer is Al

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Mas'udi. He mentions this region, al Idrisi, who

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was the first to draw a map of

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the world. Al Idrisi also mentions pockets of

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Muslims living in these, regions. In fact,

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the name of the 2nd or third largest

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city,

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Chittagong,

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is actually derived from what the Arabs call

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this region. How many of you people knew

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this? Chittagong

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comes

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from Shattul Hanj.

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Shattul Hanj.

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The Arabs called the Ganges river,

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Ranj.

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Ganges, Ranj.

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And shat means

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the delta or the entrance.

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And if you look at a map, those

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of us not from Bangladesh, you don't know

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where Chittagong is, but the Bangladesh people know

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what it is. It is where the entrance

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to the

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Ganges and the exit from the Ganges, that's

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exactly where Chittagong is.

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The whole river, the famous river of India,

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the Ganges River, its main tributary into the

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Bay of Bengal, its main tributary, it is

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right at the tip of Chittagong.

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And Chittagong is Shattulhange.

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Shattulhanj.

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That is the, delta of the Ganges river.

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And that's the Arabs would call it Shattulhanj,

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and this eventually came into what we now

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call Chittagong.

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Now, the first,

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Muslim power that entered here dates back to

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around the 10th or 11th century. And this

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is

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the one of the branches of the Hudid

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dynasty. The Hudid dynasty, of course, was established

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northeast, but one of the branches came,

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and conquered some of the regions until they

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find it finally made their way to Bengal.

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And the first famous ruler or the first

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conqueror of the Hurid dynasty was Bakhtiyar Khalji.

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Bakhtiyar Khalji. Bakhtiyar Khalji was the one who

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eventually made his way into what we now

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call, you know, the the the area of

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Bengal. And it is an amazing story that

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it is said that he was leading his

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army. He was so eager to enter. He

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only had 18 people when he entered the

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first village and town. And with 18 people,

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he began the conquest of this entire region.

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And, Bahtiyar Khalji established the Ghurid dynasty, but

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he made himself independent, but technically he's a

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part of the Ghurid dynasty. You know, one

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thing you have to know when you listen

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to my history and others, you understand. Yes.

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There was a technical khilafa, but, you know,

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the khilafa is not gonna control every distant

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region. And what happens is the government might

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send somebody and that somebody basically becomes semi

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independent. And he's running it maybe in name,

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maybe in name only, maybe even not even

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in name, but this is what Al Khaji

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did. And he began to mint the first

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Muslim coins or the first Islamic coins date

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back to, Al Khaji, which is around 1200

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CE, like 800, 900 years ago. He began

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to mint the Islamic coins of this region,

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and the Khutba was given in his name.

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Before this point in time, if there were

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any masjids, the Khudba would have been given

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in the name of the Abbasids. But now

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Khalji comes along and in his name and

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the name of the Khurids, and thus begins

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the first political base, the first state, if

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you like, in this region of what is

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what we now call Bangladesh. And this next

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300 years, we can say technically there's multiple

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dynasties. They're called the Delhi Sultanate, the Delhi

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Sultanate. This is the extension of the Delhi

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Sultanate, but the ministers, or the, I should

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say, the governors are independent or semi independent.

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But now that the political base has been

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established,

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now you have masajids popping up everywhere. And

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you have a new phenomenon, a phenomenon that

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was very common for that time, and that

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is preachers

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who would travel from Arab lands, Muslim lands

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with the only intention

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of preaching Islam.

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And this began the phenomenon of the Sufi

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Khanqas.

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Sufism played a very important role in the

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spread of Islam in this region. And a

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number of famous Sufi preachers, the most famous

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of them, every single person of Bangladeshi heritage

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knows this person, and his name is Shah

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Jalal. Shah Jalal is the most famous one

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of them, but he's not the only one.

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But he's the most famous and he's of

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the earliest one. And Shah Jalal was of

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an Arab descent, but he was born and

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raised in Konya, in Turkiye. And

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they say that his sheikh handed him a

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mission that you have to go to. He

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gave him some soil. He goes, wherever you

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find the color of the land to be

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the soil, that's where you will settle. So

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they say that Shah Jalal left,

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Turkiya left Konya, and he kept on traveling,

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traveling, traveling until he made his way to,

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this region of the Bengal. And he said,

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this is what my Sheikh wanted. This is

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where I'm supposed to be. So he spent

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the next 78 years. He lived to around

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a 100 something years old, 110 years old

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he lived. He spent the next 78 years.

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In fact, it just so happened when he

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arrived, there was a massive battle going on

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between the Muslim Sultan and between one of

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the Hindu dynasties. So him and his scholars

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and and Sufi,

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shuyuh, they actually joined

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in this campaign.

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The campaign won what is considered to be

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somewhat miraculous victory. And so Allah, may Allah

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blessed him like he was given the izzah.

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Like, oh, because you guys came. You are

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pious people coming from the Arab and the

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Muslim or the Turkish lands. Because of you

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guys, Allah blessed us to win this battle.

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So this established his reputation

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as a saint or a wali of Allah

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Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. By the way, we do

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believe in righteous people. We should believe this.

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There are righteous people and Allah Azzawajal blesses

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righteous people with various things. So yes, the

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concept is correct. No problem with that. And

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so Shah

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Jalal established his credibility

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right when he landed, basically. This victory boosted

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his credentials, but he didn't participate after this

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in any type of military expedition. What he

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did is he opened up a hanqa. He

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opened up, a a a a lodge, and

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he began preaching and teaching, for the next

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50 or 60 years. And what I found

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super interesting, I learned today that the most

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famous traveler

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of medieval Islam, Ibn Battuta. You know, Ibn

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Battuta. Ibn Battuta

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not only visited,

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this area, and he called it al Bangala.

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In his book, he calls it al Bangala.

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Not only did he visit this area, he

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lived in Seleth,

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and he maybe even took a wife there.

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We're not sure it looks like that as

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well. And he said, then I traveled 1

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month

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to visit the most famous,

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wali of the region, shahjalal

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He actually met shahjalal.

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Ibn Battuta, I found out today. I didn't

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know this. He actually met Shah Jalal, and

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he describes that he was a tall, handsome,

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frail man. He would fast continuously.

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He was living in a, you know, a

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monastery, a khanqah away from the city. His

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students were there. And I, you know, and

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he mentioned some miracles or some karamaat you

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can say that happened. And, he that Shajalal

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gifted Ibn Battuta a turban, was very happy

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at this. So, ibn Battuta is very he

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he literally said this is the most famous

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saint in the region, which means Shajalal had

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already established his reputation in his lifetime. And

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ibn Battuta actually

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detoured from his journey just to go visit

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Shajalal and then come back and resume his

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journey. It is said that Shajalal, and Allah

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blessed him and others, but he was number

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1 to convert many tens of thousands of

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people in his preaching and teaching and interactions.

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And ibn Battuta himself says he witnessed many

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of the Hindus or the, he called them

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Hindu. They might have been Buddhist because at

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that time you couldn't these people probably couldn't

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tell the difference. But even if they were

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But, ibn Battuta says even the local, you

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know, Hindus and Buddhist would go his hanqa

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and stay with him, to be influenced by

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him. So ibn Bultuta was an eyewitness

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to this da'wah continuously

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going on. So we're now in the 12,

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1300,

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and this is when 1400,

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basically 15th century, what begins now?

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2 things. On the one hand, the Mughal

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dynasty,

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and on the other hand, European

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colonization.

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Right? Who was the 1st European to come

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into India? This should be a high school

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question for the kids here.

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This is way afterwards.

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Vasco Di Gama. You remember from your high

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school. That's good, yes. Masha'Allah. Even though you've

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passed high school age, but clearly it has

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Just kidding with you. Vasco Di Gamma.

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Price points. What year was that?

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Even I think I'll have to No.

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I think that is correct. I'm not sure

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exactly the final year, but 14/90 something. I

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think that is correct. Vasco Di Gama. Now,

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by the way, Christopher Columbus was trying to

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get to India. Right? That's why he ended

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up over here. Like all men who get

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lost, he didn't ask for directions, so he

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came over here. Okay? But Vasco Di Gama,

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I guess, asked for directions. So once Christopher

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Columbus failed, they wanted to get to India.

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Why did they wanna get to India? Because

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India was the land of treasure,

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the land of spice, the land of fertility,

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the land of produce, the land of fruits,

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like the soil of India, and

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especially the region of Bengal

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has always been of the most fertile.

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And actually, historically,

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you know, in our times, there is a

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perception that this region is impoverished. This is

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a modern perception. For its entire history, this

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region has been of the most powerful economic,

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places. And in fact, under the Mughals, this

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was the number one producing region of the

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Mughal dynasty. Under the British, this used to

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be number 1. And then by the time

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the British left, it went down as I'm

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gonna explain in a while. Right? So this

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is why they wanted to come, primarily because

00:12:42 --> 00:12:44

of not only this region, but especially because

00:12:44 --> 00:12:47

of Bengal. And so in the 1500, 1600,

00:12:47 --> 00:12:50

2 things happened. Both of them affected the

00:12:50 --> 00:12:52

people of this region. 1st and foremost, the

00:12:52 --> 00:12:54

Mughal dynasty. Of course, you know, you have

00:12:54 --> 00:12:56

Babar, you have Akbar, Shah Jahan. They, of

00:12:56 --> 00:12:58

course, built the largest or they not built,

00:12:58 --> 00:13:01

but they created the largest network,

00:13:01 --> 00:13:02

the largest,

00:13:02 --> 00:13:03

conglomerate

00:13:03 --> 00:13:06

political base. And as a part of that,

00:13:06 --> 00:13:09

they also acquired, if you like, Bengal, and

00:13:09 --> 00:13:11

they made it into a province. And so

00:13:11 --> 00:13:14

for around a 100 something, 150 years, the

00:13:14 --> 00:13:16

Mughal Empire was the

00:13:17 --> 00:13:19

one in charge and there was a province,

00:13:19 --> 00:13:21

they called it the Bangal Subha. They had

00:13:21 --> 00:13:23

they had the the province that was semi

00:13:23 --> 00:13:26

independent, but still under the Mughals. While this

00:13:26 --> 00:13:27

is happening,

00:13:27 --> 00:13:30

you had the colonial empires come. And by

00:13:30 --> 00:13:32

the way, it was the Mughals who also

00:13:32 --> 00:13:32

chose Dhaka

00:13:33 --> 00:13:35

as their regional capital, and this was the

00:13:35 --> 00:13:37

rise of Dhaka now. So now, whatever capital

00:13:37 --> 00:13:39

you choose, so then it's gonna start rising.

00:13:39 --> 00:13:41

And so it was the Mughals who chose,

00:13:41 --> 00:13:42

and you still have, as all the people

00:13:42 --> 00:13:44

from that region know, you have magnificent

00:13:45 --> 00:13:47

structures built in that region still to this

00:13:47 --> 00:13:51

day. Magnificent, beautiful masajid that is still standing,

00:13:51 --> 00:13:52

to this day. So,

00:13:53 --> 00:13:54

and I also have to mention before I

00:13:54 --> 00:13:56

move on, I forgot to mention, in the

00:13:56 --> 00:13:58

beginning, that, of course, the language,

00:13:59 --> 00:14:01

of of the people of this region is

00:14:01 --> 00:14:03

different, and their culture is different. And, therefore,

00:14:03 --> 00:14:04

their intellectual

00:14:04 --> 00:14:08

and cultural heritage has a unique strand. They

00:14:08 --> 00:14:10

are, their their art, their architecture,

00:14:11 --> 00:14:14

their language, their scholarship has been written in

00:14:14 --> 00:14:16

a different style and language than any other.

00:14:16 --> 00:14:18

And so they have contributed a very unique,

00:14:19 --> 00:14:20

way of,

00:14:20 --> 00:14:21

both architecture

00:14:22 --> 00:14:25

and cuisine, and of course, Islamic thought as

00:14:25 --> 00:14:27

well. So I was getting back to the

00:14:27 --> 00:14:28

colonization,

00:14:28 --> 00:14:29

and

00:14:30 --> 00:14:34

5 different regions were competing over Bengal.

00:14:34 --> 00:14:36

5 different European countries.

00:14:36 --> 00:14:37

Number 1,

00:14:38 --> 00:14:38

Portugal.

00:14:39 --> 00:14:41

The Portuguese were the first to get to

00:14:41 --> 00:14:44

this region. Vasco da Gama was Portuguese.

00:14:45 --> 00:14:47

Number 2, the Spaniards came.

00:14:47 --> 00:14:50

The Spaniards then established their post.

00:14:50 --> 00:14:51

Number

00:14:51 --> 00:14:53

3, the French came along.

00:14:53 --> 00:14:55

The French came along, and they also established

00:14:55 --> 00:14:57

their post. And number 4,

00:14:59 --> 00:15:01

the Dutch. The Dutch came as well. And

00:15:01 --> 00:15:04

then last but not to be the least,

00:15:04 --> 00:15:07

the British came. Now each one of these

00:15:07 --> 00:15:08

5

00:15:08 --> 00:15:09

established

00:15:10 --> 00:15:11

East India Trading Company,

00:15:12 --> 00:15:14

Dutch East India Trading Company, Portuguese

00:15:15 --> 00:15:18

East India Trading Company, British East India Trading

00:15:18 --> 00:15:18

Company.

00:15:19 --> 00:15:22

And each one of them began competing

00:15:22 --> 00:15:24

to have the most

00:15:24 --> 00:15:27

land, the biggest perks, the most direct access

00:15:27 --> 00:15:29

to the governors, And

00:15:29 --> 00:15:32

interestingly enough, in this region of of, what

00:15:32 --> 00:15:34

we now call Bangladesh, the Bay of Bengal,

00:15:35 --> 00:15:38

multiple times these 5 powers actually fought one

00:15:38 --> 00:15:38

another

00:15:39 --> 00:15:42

on the Indian subcontinent soil for resources.

00:15:43 --> 00:15:45

So you have the British and the French

00:15:45 --> 00:15:48

fighting each other for resources in this region.

00:15:49 --> 00:15:51

And sometimes they're bringing in the locals as

00:15:51 --> 00:15:52

well because, you know, there's something called sepoy.

00:15:53 --> 00:15:55

And the sepoy is a local who was

00:15:55 --> 00:15:57

paid by the British or the Dutch or

00:15:57 --> 00:15:59

the French. So you had a class of

00:16:00 --> 00:16:01

of Indians or

00:16:02 --> 00:16:04

Bangalis. You had them being paid by these

00:16:04 --> 00:16:07

European superpowers, and they're fighting each other on

00:16:07 --> 00:16:09

behalf of these, you know, superpowers. So in

00:16:09 --> 00:16:12

any case, what happened was these 5 entities,

00:16:12 --> 00:16:15

all of them attempted to negotiate the best

00:16:15 --> 00:16:17

treaties with the governor. And

00:16:18 --> 00:16:20

this also coincided with the waning of the

00:16:20 --> 00:16:22

Mughal Empire. The Mughal Empire

00:16:23 --> 00:16:25

started to decline in its power, and so

00:16:25 --> 00:16:28

this region became once again independent.

00:16:29 --> 00:16:32

And another superpower was established, regional superpower. Let's

00:16:32 --> 00:16:35

call it the Nawabs of Bengal. Now technically,

00:16:35 --> 00:16:37

the Nawabs of Bengal were multiple dynasties as

00:16:37 --> 00:16:39

is usually the case. It wasn't just one

00:16:39 --> 00:16:42

dynasty. But for another 200 years, you had

00:16:42 --> 00:16:45

many a 150. You had many dynasties that

00:16:45 --> 00:16:47

are not under the Mughal Empire. They don't

00:16:47 --> 00:16:49

need to get permission from the Mughal Empire.

00:16:49 --> 00:16:52

So the regional five colonial powers have to

00:16:52 --> 00:16:55

negotiate directly with these dynasties.

00:16:56 --> 00:16:58

And one of them was to change the

00:16:58 --> 00:17:01

course of the entire region's history, and that

00:17:01 --> 00:17:04

is Siraju Daulah. Siraju Daulah in 17/56.

00:17:05 --> 00:17:08

He was the Nawab of Bengal. And

00:17:08 --> 00:17:11

long story short, the British and the French

00:17:11 --> 00:17:14

were at a massive war. And Sirajid Daulah

00:17:14 --> 00:17:15

initially got caught up. He sided with the

00:17:15 --> 00:17:17

French. The French were more sympathetic to him,

00:17:17 --> 00:17:20

but the British demanded more and more. And

00:17:20 --> 00:17:23

the British started building larger posts, taking more

00:17:23 --> 00:17:25

land, demanding higher taxes.

00:17:26 --> 00:17:29

Sirad Siraj Jadawal refused. He said, I'm not

00:17:29 --> 00:17:30

going to be a party to this. It's

00:17:30 --> 00:17:32

not fair. Remember, these

00:17:32 --> 00:17:34

companies are not governments.

00:17:34 --> 00:17:36

They are trading posts.

00:17:36 --> 00:17:39

They are East India Trading Company.

00:17:39 --> 00:17:41

Sure, they have mercenaries,

00:17:41 --> 00:17:43

but they're not governments. This is like you

00:17:43 --> 00:17:45

open up a shop somewhere, and the shop

00:17:45 --> 00:17:47

is surrounded by your mini army. That shop

00:17:47 --> 00:17:49

becomes a mini city. That shop starts taking

00:17:49 --> 00:17:51

the land around it. This is what these

00:17:51 --> 00:17:55

principalities did. Siraju Daura said, Enough is enough.

00:17:55 --> 00:17:58

You guys are not welcome here. And for

00:17:58 --> 00:18:00

one of the most historic and important times,

00:18:01 --> 00:18:02

he went to war.

00:18:03 --> 00:18:04

He fought

00:18:04 --> 00:18:07

the colonizers. This is now not necessarily the

00:18:07 --> 00:18:10

first, but the most important and the most

00:18:10 --> 00:18:11

seminal

00:18:11 --> 00:18:13

fighting that took place by the locals, the

00:18:13 --> 00:18:14

resistance

00:18:14 --> 00:18:15

against colonization.

00:18:15 --> 00:18:17

It was done by the Nawav of Bengal

00:18:18 --> 00:18:20

against the British. And in fact, initially, he

00:18:20 --> 00:18:23

succeeded. He overtook Calcutta

00:18:23 --> 00:18:24

and he freed,

00:18:25 --> 00:18:28

the he kicked out the British. He had

00:18:28 --> 00:18:29

to obviously he killed some of the people

00:18:29 --> 00:18:31

there as well. The British people, obviously, that

00:18:31 --> 00:18:33

happened. And when that happened, the British sent

00:18:33 --> 00:18:34

in the troops,

00:18:34 --> 00:18:35

and they

00:18:36 --> 00:18:38

sent in their most

00:18:38 --> 00:18:39

promised and decorated

00:18:39 --> 00:18:43

general. His name is major Robert Clive. Major

00:18:43 --> 00:18:44

Robert Clive had a reputation

00:18:44 --> 00:18:46

of being heartless,

00:18:46 --> 00:18:48

cruel, but also very efficient.

00:18:49 --> 00:18:51

In other words, he was a general exactly

00:18:51 --> 00:18:54

what you need for from their side. And

00:18:54 --> 00:18:57

major Robert Clive decided that he was now

00:18:57 --> 00:19:00

gonna go wage full war against Saraju Daulah.

00:19:00 --> 00:19:03

So him and Siraju Daulah basically had a

00:19:03 --> 00:19:06

number of battles. Calcutta went back and forth

00:19:06 --> 00:19:09

until finally, so Siraju Daulah was kicked out

00:19:09 --> 00:19:12

initially. Siraj Jadawla then brings 40,000

00:19:12 --> 00:19:13

troops

00:19:13 --> 00:19:16

against Major Clive who probably had less than

00:19:16 --> 00:19:19

2,000, right, including the sepoys. There's no way

00:19:19 --> 00:19:20

that

00:19:20 --> 00:19:22

this is clearly gonna change the course of

00:19:22 --> 00:19:24

history. If Sirajidullah

00:19:24 --> 00:19:26

wins, then the British are kicked out. But

00:19:26 --> 00:19:27

here is where

00:19:28 --> 00:19:31

constantly the ummah has a problem from within,

00:19:31 --> 00:19:34

and that is we don't need external enemies

00:19:34 --> 00:19:36

when we have people inside of us who

00:19:36 --> 00:19:40

will betray. And what major Robert Clive did

00:19:40 --> 00:19:43

was he used the tried and tested tactic

00:19:43 --> 00:19:44

of the British,

00:19:44 --> 00:19:45

divide

00:19:45 --> 00:19:46

and conquer.

00:19:46 --> 00:19:49

Major Clive understood I can't win them in

00:19:49 --> 00:19:49

battle.

00:19:50 --> 00:19:53

And so he resorted to the standard technique

00:19:53 --> 00:19:55

and he found one of the senior,

00:19:55 --> 00:19:57

some say he was the senior,

00:19:57 --> 00:19:58

general and,

00:19:59 --> 00:20:01

military commander under Sirajidullah,

00:20:01 --> 00:20:03

his name was Mir Jafar.

00:20:03 --> 00:20:06

Mir Jafar. And he began a secret negotiation

00:20:07 --> 00:20:08

with Mir Jafar

00:20:08 --> 00:20:09

to

00:20:10 --> 00:20:11

become a trader,

00:20:12 --> 00:20:14

come over to the side of the British.

00:20:14 --> 00:20:17

Mir Jafar named the price, he got the

00:20:17 --> 00:20:17

price.

00:20:18 --> 00:20:20

Mir Jafar said, once you get rid of

00:20:20 --> 00:20:21

Sirajidullah,

00:20:21 --> 00:20:23

I have to become the nawab. Clive said,

00:20:23 --> 00:20:25

fine. You will be the next nawab.

00:20:25 --> 00:20:28

Once he went back and he heard that

00:20:28 --> 00:20:29

more and more, you know,

00:20:30 --> 00:20:31

help is coming from England,

00:20:31 --> 00:20:32

Mir Jafar

00:20:33 --> 00:20:36

renegotiated the contract and demanded triple what had

00:20:36 --> 00:20:39

been the initial price. Greed. Complete greed. They

00:20:39 --> 00:20:42

say the equivalent in our times, if you

00:20:42 --> 00:20:44

calculate it out, is around £3,000,000.

00:20:46 --> 00:20:48

So for £3,000,000 British pounds, the equivalent in

00:20:48 --> 00:20:50

our times, which is around less than $4,000,000.

00:20:51 --> 00:20:52

For $4,000,000

00:20:53 --> 00:20:54

Mir Jafar

00:20:55 --> 00:20:56

not only betrayed

00:20:56 --> 00:20:57

his own

00:20:57 --> 00:20:58

dynasty,

00:20:58 --> 00:21:00

he literally changed the the course of history

00:21:01 --> 00:21:03

to what was about to happen. Such a

00:21:03 --> 00:21:06

measly sum, 4,000,000. That's all that he needed.

00:21:06 --> 00:21:09

So Mirza So long story short,

00:21:09 --> 00:21:12

when Clive's forces came, Siraj ad Dawla thought

00:21:12 --> 00:21:14

that he had Mir Jafar and the troops

00:21:14 --> 00:21:16

on his side. Turns out at the last

00:21:16 --> 00:21:19

minute, Mir Jafar, because he was the commander,

00:21:19 --> 00:21:22

he simply withdrew leaving Sirajid Daulah

00:21:22 --> 00:21:25

almost unprotected. Sirajid Daulah had to flee for

00:21:25 --> 00:21:27

his life with his women and children. Mia

00:21:27 --> 00:21:28

Jafar's

00:21:29 --> 00:21:31

forces caught up to him and executed him

00:21:31 --> 00:21:33

on the spot, paraded his body,

00:21:33 --> 00:21:35

in public. And then,

00:21:35 --> 00:21:36

Major Clive

00:21:37 --> 00:21:40

literally greeted Mir Jafar, kissed him,

00:21:40 --> 00:21:44

held his hand, put him on the throne

00:21:44 --> 00:21:46

of the sultan of the nawab, and gave

00:21:46 --> 00:21:47

him a

00:21:48 --> 00:21:49

bowl full of gold.

00:21:49 --> 00:21:52

This is now your treasure. And he did

00:21:52 --> 00:21:54

become the nawab for a while, and then

00:21:54 --> 00:21:56

of course, as is always the case, then

00:21:56 --> 00:21:59

he realized the British are not giving him

00:21:59 --> 00:22:01

what he wanted. And he actually died a

00:22:01 --> 00:22:01

miserable death,

00:22:02 --> 00:22:04

because obviously you're not gonna win as a

00:22:04 --> 00:22:06

traitor. For those of you who studied Iqbal,

00:22:06 --> 00:22:08

Iqbal has some really famous poetry

00:22:09 --> 00:22:11

about, about this. Right? I'm gonna really mess

00:22:11 --> 00:22:12

this up. But,

00:22:13 --> 00:22:15

Ja'far I as Bangal, wasadiq aazdakan.

00:22:16 --> 00:22:18

Nangi Adam, Nangedeen,

00:22:18 --> 00:22:18

Nangiwatan.

00:22:19 --> 00:22:20

Nakabul,

00:22:20 --> 00:22:21

waraumid,

00:22:21 --> 00:22:22

wana murad,

00:22:22 --> 00:22:26

mildati as karashan, Andari fa'ad. Is that right?

00:22:26 --> 00:22:28

Right translation? Andar I fa'ad? Is that right?

00:22:28 --> 00:22:30

This is Farsi. Right? So,

00:22:31 --> 00:22:33

Iqbal has some really powerful lines here, that

00:22:33 --> 00:22:35

Ja'far from Bengal

00:22:35 --> 00:22:36

and Sadiq from Dukhan.

00:22:37 --> 00:22:39

Mir Sadiq was somebody who betrayed Tipu Sultan.

00:22:39 --> 00:22:42

Right? So, Ja'far from Bengal and Sadiq from

00:22:42 --> 00:22:43

Dukhan.

00:22:43 --> 00:22:44

These people are

00:22:44 --> 00:22:46

nangi adam, disgrace to mankind.

00:22:47 --> 00:22:48

And nangideen,

00:22:48 --> 00:22:50

disgrace to their deen, nangiwatan,

00:22:50 --> 00:22:51

disgrace to their homeland.

00:22:52 --> 00:22:55

Nakabul. They have no acceptance. They are hopeless.

00:22:55 --> 00:22:56

They are unfortunate.

00:22:56 --> 00:22:59

And because of them, an entire nation was

00:22:59 --> 00:23:02

corrupted by their actions. This incident is called

00:23:02 --> 00:23:03

the famous

00:23:03 --> 00:23:05

Battle of Plassey.

00:23:05 --> 00:23:08

The the the town is Pelasi Pilashi. So

00:23:08 --> 00:23:10

the British call it Plassey, the Battle of

00:23:10 --> 00:23:12

Plassey. The Battle of Plassey,

00:23:12 --> 00:23:13

in 17,

00:23:14 --> 00:23:14

56,

00:23:14 --> 00:23:16

it changed the course of history.

00:23:17 --> 00:23:17

Literally,

00:23:17 --> 00:23:20

this is the most important battle that every

00:23:20 --> 00:23:23

student of history is aware of because when,

00:23:24 --> 00:23:25

the,

00:23:25 --> 00:23:28

Major Clive won over the, sultan or the

00:23:28 --> 00:23:30

Nawab of of of Bengal, what was the

00:23:30 --> 00:23:32

result of that? A number of things. 1st

00:23:32 --> 00:23:33

and foremost,

00:23:33 --> 00:23:35

this now established

00:23:35 --> 00:23:36

British

00:23:36 --> 00:23:37

superiority

00:23:37 --> 00:23:39

over all of the other colonizers.

00:23:40 --> 00:23:41

Now England

00:23:41 --> 00:23:42

is dominating.

00:23:42 --> 00:23:44

Even though before this, the Portuguese had dominated.

00:23:45 --> 00:23:47

Because of the battle of Plasi, now England

00:23:47 --> 00:23:49

has the upper hand. Secondly,

00:23:49 --> 00:23:52

now that England has basically conquered Bengal,

00:23:53 --> 00:23:54

this is the

00:23:54 --> 00:23:57

nail in the coffin for the Mughal dynasty.

00:23:57 --> 00:23:59

That's it. This is the the most important

00:23:59 --> 00:24:02

province, the most expensive, the highest, you know,

00:24:02 --> 00:24:04

produce. And now it's not in the hands

00:24:04 --> 00:24:07

of the Mughals. Even though nominally it was

00:24:07 --> 00:24:09

technically not there, but still there was this

00:24:09 --> 00:24:10

notion. So now that the British are here,

00:24:10 --> 00:24:13

then what's gonna happen from 1757

00:24:14 --> 00:24:14

until

00:24:15 --> 00:24:17

the famous, what is called, mutiny war of

00:24:17 --> 00:24:18

independence, 1857,

00:24:18 --> 00:24:20

100 years. The British

00:24:21 --> 00:24:22

changed from being

00:24:22 --> 00:24:25

a trading post to becoming the British Raj.

00:24:25 --> 00:24:27

The beginning of this, the battle of Plasi.

00:24:27 --> 00:24:30

When the Muslims of the Bengal province, when

00:24:30 --> 00:24:33

the Sultan of the Nawaz province was betrayed

00:24:33 --> 00:24:36

by his minister, it was inevitable. That's it.

00:24:36 --> 00:24:38

One thing led to another. And in 18/57,

00:24:39 --> 00:24:39

the British

00:24:40 --> 00:24:43

annulled the, Mughal dynasty, kicked out the last,

00:24:44 --> 00:24:44

Mughal,

00:24:44 --> 00:24:48

Sultan who died a very lonely death, in

00:24:49 --> 00:24:51

in, Baha'u'll Shah, Zafar Baha'u'll Shah. There's a

00:24:51 --> 00:24:53

picture of him. The only picture we have

00:24:53 --> 00:24:53

of a Mughal

00:24:54 --> 00:24:57

emperor on his death bed in 18/60 or

00:24:57 --> 00:24:59

something. It's just a sad, sad portrait of

00:24:59 --> 00:25:02

a person lost everything. So he was exiled

00:25:02 --> 00:25:04

and the British then, took over. And, of

00:25:04 --> 00:25:06

course, when the British take over, what do

00:25:06 --> 00:25:07

you think is gonna happen? They're not interested

00:25:07 --> 00:25:09

in the people. They're interested in their pockets.

00:25:09 --> 00:25:12

And for the next 90 years, they fleeced

00:25:12 --> 00:25:15

this region. This region that used to be

00:25:15 --> 00:25:17

the number one. Bangladesh or this area of

00:25:17 --> 00:25:20

Bengal has always been known. Ibn Battuta.

00:25:21 --> 00:25:23

I I read this today just to refresh

00:25:23 --> 00:25:24

my memory. It's been many years since I

00:25:24 --> 00:25:26

read Ibn Battuta, and I forgot he had

00:25:26 --> 00:25:29

mentioned Bangladesh. Ibn Battuta has an entire paragraph

00:25:30 --> 00:25:32

shocked at how cheap

00:25:33 --> 00:25:34

the produce of bengal is.

00:25:35 --> 00:25:36

He mentions prices.

00:25:37 --> 00:25:39

He says, for 1 1 dirham, I can

00:25:39 --> 00:25:41

get 3 chickens. You know? He says, I

00:25:41 --> 00:25:44

have never seen this much rice in my

00:25:44 --> 00:25:46

life. This is ibn Battuta

00:25:46 --> 00:25:49

describing this how many centuries ago. And he

00:25:49 --> 00:25:51

goes, you can purchase this much quantity for

00:25:51 --> 00:25:53

a small amount of rice. And he said,

00:25:53 --> 00:25:55

my friends here, they told me that for

00:25:55 --> 00:25:57

8 or 9, you know, dirhams, they can

00:25:57 --> 00:25:59

spend the whole year with enough money for

00:25:59 --> 00:26:01

food for eat. So he's describing a land

00:26:01 --> 00:26:04

that is rich in produce, that is rich

00:26:04 --> 00:26:07

in food, and has easily accessible. In his

00:26:07 --> 00:26:09

whole travels, he has hardly seen a land

00:26:09 --> 00:26:11

as rich and as, you know, useful and

00:26:11 --> 00:26:12

and,

00:26:13 --> 00:26:15

economic as this region is. But what's gonna

00:26:15 --> 00:26:17

happen? That's why the British were eager. That's

00:26:17 --> 00:26:19

why the battle of Plassey is taking place.

00:26:19 --> 00:26:20

That's why all of this is happening. Once

00:26:20 --> 00:26:23

the British come, Khalas, topsy-turvy,

00:26:23 --> 00:26:24

180.

00:26:24 --> 00:26:25

From 1857

00:26:26 --> 00:26:27

up until

00:26:27 --> 00:26:30

1947, 90 years, this region went from being

00:26:30 --> 00:26:33

number 1 to subhanAllah, almost all the problems

00:26:33 --> 00:26:34

we can blame. And I say this over

00:26:34 --> 00:26:36

and over again, do not be fooled. Wallahi,

00:26:36 --> 00:26:38

do not be fooled. The enemies come, they

00:26:38 --> 00:26:40

wanna make us enemies in between. The number

00:26:40 --> 00:26:42

one enemy that we have is the colonizers.

00:26:42 --> 00:26:44

Do not be fooled by the rhetoric. They

00:26:44 --> 00:26:46

put it in your mind to divide and

00:26:46 --> 00:26:48

conquer. No, It comes from them. They're the

00:26:48 --> 00:26:50

ones who did all of these, you know,

00:26:51 --> 00:26:53

negatives that happened. You can 90, 95%,

00:26:53 --> 00:26:55

you can blame on the tactics of the

00:26:55 --> 00:26:57

British. Time is limited. I have to mention

00:26:57 --> 00:26:59

one thing that the British did. This is

00:26:59 --> 00:27:01

something every one of you should know. The

00:27:01 --> 00:27:05

worst natural sorry, the worst manmade disaster

00:27:05 --> 00:27:08

in this century or of the top 3

00:27:09 --> 00:27:11

took place in this region caused by the

00:27:11 --> 00:27:13

British in 1943

00:27:14 --> 00:27:15

and 1944.

00:27:15 --> 00:27:17

Every person here from that region is well

00:27:17 --> 00:27:19

aware of what happened. I'm sure many of

00:27:19 --> 00:27:21

you have stories of your grandparents about what

00:27:21 --> 00:27:23

happened during this time. The infamous

00:27:24 --> 00:27:27

famine that took place in which we don't

00:27:27 --> 00:27:29

even know how many people lost their lives,

00:27:29 --> 00:27:31

that we can't even calculate.

00:27:31 --> 00:27:34

Like, 5 or 10% of the region's population

00:27:35 --> 00:27:35

disappeared

00:27:36 --> 00:27:38

in 1 year. Up to maybe 3,000,000

00:27:39 --> 00:27:41

people, not just because of famine, but then

00:27:41 --> 00:27:43

because of the the famine, the the hunger,

00:27:43 --> 00:27:46

the disease, the dysentery, all of this caused

00:27:47 --> 00:27:48

simply by the mismanagement

00:27:49 --> 00:27:51

and the greed and the inhumanity

00:27:52 --> 00:27:55

of the British. This was a preventable disaster.

00:27:56 --> 00:27:58

How can you starve to death in one

00:27:58 --> 00:28:00

of the most fertile regions in the world?

00:28:00 --> 00:28:03

How? When you have British who are more

00:28:03 --> 00:28:06

interested in sending food to their troops,

00:28:07 --> 00:28:08

not caring about the local because World War

00:28:08 --> 00:28:10

2 World War 2 is going on. And

00:28:10 --> 00:28:13

so the British, a series of bungling mismanagements

00:28:13 --> 00:28:16

that they didn't care about. To be precise,

00:28:16 --> 00:28:18

it's not as if they intended to kill

00:28:18 --> 00:28:20

3,000,000 people, but they didn't care that they

00:28:20 --> 00:28:22

killed 3,000,000. See the difference? It's not as

00:28:22 --> 00:28:23

if they had a tactic. What are we

00:28:23 --> 00:28:25

gonna do to mess up? But their mismanagement.

00:28:26 --> 00:28:28

And there and there's many PhDs and many

00:28:28 --> 00:28:29

books written. You can find this on Amazon

00:28:29 --> 00:28:32

online. What would the British do about intentionally

00:28:33 --> 00:28:35

limiting? Because they were worried that the food

00:28:35 --> 00:28:36

would end up in the wrong hands. They

00:28:36 --> 00:28:38

also wanted the food that was available to

00:28:38 --> 00:28:40

end up in their troops. And so both

00:28:40 --> 00:28:42

the tactic of limiting what they can produce

00:28:43 --> 00:28:43

along with

00:28:44 --> 00:28:46

acquiring what they are producing

00:28:46 --> 00:28:49

and not distributing it. There are pictures. Wallahi

00:28:49 --> 00:28:51

these pictures, they will move any heart to

00:28:51 --> 00:28:54

tears. There are pictures of 100 and thousands

00:28:54 --> 00:28:55

of emaciated

00:28:55 --> 00:28:58

men, women, and children just dying on the

00:28:58 --> 00:29:00

streets because this is 19 forties. You have

00:29:00 --> 00:29:02

lots of pictures. You can see them of

00:29:02 --> 00:29:05

people literally like bones that sit.

00:29:05 --> 00:29:08

And there's barrels and barrels of rice being

00:29:08 --> 00:29:09

sent outside,

00:29:10 --> 00:29:12

not to the locals. And infamously,

00:29:13 --> 00:29:16

when even the viceroy and the governor felt

00:29:16 --> 00:29:19

pity and he begged Churchill, please change your

00:29:19 --> 00:29:20

policies. Right? This is a famous

00:29:21 --> 00:29:22

draft. I wish I could show you the

00:29:22 --> 00:29:25

picture of it. Right? That he sent, the

00:29:25 --> 00:29:26

telegraph to, Churchill

00:29:27 --> 00:29:29

that, you know, please do something. We have

00:29:29 --> 00:29:32

millions of people dying here. And Churchill look

00:29:32 --> 00:29:34

at the arrogance of these people. And they

00:29:34 --> 00:29:35

they they say Churchill is a hero and

00:29:35 --> 00:29:37

whatnot. Yani, if you look at these people,

00:29:37 --> 00:29:41

they have no ounce of humanity for anybody

00:29:41 --> 00:29:43

outside of their race. You know what Churchill

00:29:43 --> 00:29:43

said?

00:29:44 --> 00:29:47

If they're starving, how come they're breeding like

00:29:47 --> 00:29:47

rats?

00:29:49 --> 00:29:50

How come there's so many?

00:29:50 --> 00:29:53

And if so many people are dying, how

00:29:53 --> 00:29:54

come Gandhi is still alive?

00:29:55 --> 00:29:57

He did not change the policy.

00:29:57 --> 00:30:01

Literally the even the local governors begging him,

00:30:01 --> 00:30:03

and he has it in his handwriting that,

00:30:03 --> 00:30:05

well, they're still breeding like rats, he called.

00:30:06 --> 00:30:07

The people there, he called. They were all

00:30:07 --> 00:30:09

Muslims. He called us their rats. He goes,

00:30:09 --> 00:30:11

look at their quantity. There are people like

00:30:11 --> 00:30:13

rats. Why should I change my policy? And

00:30:13 --> 00:30:15

if they're all dying, I want Gandhi to

00:30:15 --> 00:30:17

die. Why isn't Gandhi dying? Just the amount

00:30:17 --> 00:30:19

of racism and arrogance that in that, you

00:30:19 --> 00:30:21

know, cruel. And because of this, as we

00:30:21 --> 00:30:23

say, we'll never know for sure, but maybe

00:30:23 --> 00:30:26

up to 3,000,000 people, passed away. And, of

00:30:26 --> 00:30:28

course, it's because of this that,

00:30:29 --> 00:30:31

there was a strong resistance from this region

00:30:31 --> 00:30:33

against the British. Many famous,

00:30:34 --> 00:30:35

thinkers and many intellectuals,

00:30:35 --> 00:30:37

they champion for freedom, you know, along with

00:30:37 --> 00:30:40

people in other regions, Bangladesh or this in

00:30:40 --> 00:30:41

this region is, of course, is not called

00:30:41 --> 00:30:43

Bangladesh right now, but the people of this

00:30:43 --> 00:30:46

region are of the most antagonistic. And eventually,

00:30:46 --> 00:30:48

of course, in 1947, as you're aware, that

00:30:48 --> 00:30:50

is when the British had to leave. And

00:30:50 --> 00:30:52

because this is now a Muslim majority land,

00:30:52 --> 00:30:54

so then they also granted it separate independence.

00:30:55 --> 00:30:57

And now, as you know, multiple changes are

00:30:57 --> 00:30:59

happening. So we ask Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala

00:30:59 --> 00:31:01

to bless the people of this region. Wallahi,

00:31:01 --> 00:31:03

our hearts, wallahi, I swear to you, my

00:31:03 --> 00:31:06

heart, my duas are for the people. It

00:31:06 --> 00:31:07

was so, you know, joyous to see, you

00:31:07 --> 00:31:09

know, some of the things happening. What hamdulillah,

00:31:09 --> 00:31:11

hamdulillah. In the end, we just make dua

00:31:11 --> 00:31:13

all we can do. We make dua to

00:31:13 --> 00:31:15

Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala that Allah Azawajal protects

00:31:15 --> 00:31:17

the people, blesses them with a government that

00:31:17 --> 00:31:20

genuinely cares about them and their interests, that

00:31:20 --> 00:31:23

blesses them with a government that wants to

00:31:23 --> 00:31:26

protect their own civilization and culture. 90% Muslim,

00:31:26 --> 00:31:28

they should be proud of this. They give

00:31:28 --> 00:31:30

so many, you know, contributions to the ummah.

00:31:30 --> 00:31:32

So may Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala protect them,

00:31:32 --> 00:31:34

bless them, grant them hidayah, and inshaAllahu ta'ala

00:31:34 --> 00:31:37

let us see, 'Izzah back as it used

00:31:37 --> 00:31:39

to be, the political and economic capital for

00:31:39 --> 00:31:41

1000 of years. We pray, inshAllah, that this

00:31:41 --> 00:31:44

returns. Jazakumullah khair. Assalamu alaikum

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