Taimiyyah Zubair – Taleem al Quran 2012 – P04 055C Tafsir Al-Nisa 10-14
AI: Summary ©
The speakers discuss the science of inheritance, including the concept of the deceased's estate and the logic behind sharing property. They emphasize the importance of knowing rules of inheritance and the estate in the process of inheritance. The speakers also discuss the distribution of property and estate, including the sharing of gifts and birthday birthday. The importance of trusting and submitting to someone who knows is emphasized. The speakers emphasize the need for legalization and sharing of wealth to avoid unnecessary legal proceedings.
AI: Summary ©
Now the following verses are known as I had told me Ross miraz what does that mean? Inheritance? So basically in these two verses the law of inheritance has been mentioned in detail we learned earlier literally died in a simple mathematical well hidden Danny will occur a boon while in Nisa, in a sleep on the men have a share, and the women have a share, right? Meaning they deserve shares of inheritance. Now, what are those shares? Those shares are mentioned in detail in these two verses. And the science of inheritance, okay is known as your animal for our ill or ill will me Ross, or animal for our ill or ill will me Ross for our illness from fourth obligation, meaning those shares
which are obligatory which Allah has prescribed, or the science of Milos. So, basically, it is the science of the allocation of the heirs, the distribution of the shares, okay, the allocation of the heirs that who are the heirs and what are their shares, this is what the science revolves around. And this science is false key fire, it is not false, meaning learning this knowledge is not a responsibility over every individual. All right, meaning, like we are supposed to learn how to pray, we are not required to learn how to distribute the inheritance every individual is not supposed to. But some individuals have to they must, who should learn the science, those who are good at
fractions, those who are good at math. Okay, so if you are good at math, I highly recommend that you go ahead and learn the science, it's not that complicated. If you can do complicated math problems in high school in university, you can also do this. So seriously, if you have that ability, Allah has given you a sharp brain, then go ahead and use that brain to learn the signs because this is very valuable, it is very, very important. Now, since it is not an obligation on every individual, therefore, I am not going to go into much detail. Because if I started going into too much detail of the shares and the relationships, then more than half of you will be lost.
Okay will be lost. You know, when you're talking about fractions, it gets a little complicated when you're talking about so many relatives or so many things that have to be considered. So it gets quite complicated. But if you would like to know more, if you are interested in learning more about the science, there are many, many books that are out there, you can search on the internet, one of the most easy to understand is this book, which is inheritance regulations and exhortations. It's by Mohammed Al Jabbar li it's available in our bookstore and in many, many bookstores, across the GTA, and everywhere else, basically, that you go to.
But there are some things that everyone should know. Which is why I'm going to mention them. First of all, remember that when it comes to the inheritance, there are three things that the science of inheritance revolves around. First of all, the deceased, the person who has died, not a person who's 80 years old, not the person who's become chronically ill not a person who's in coma, know, a person who has died. This is who the deceased is, this is the person whose property is going to be divided after his death, not before his death, not when he thinks he's going to die. But when, after his death. The second thing that the science revolves around is the heirs who are the heirs, those
family members who deserve a share of the property that the dead person has left behind. These are the heirs. It doesn't mean every single relative, every cousin and aunt and uncle and person they know from the community know, who are they certain relatives, and remember that it's not all of the relatives, it depends on what relationships a person has. For example, if a person is married, then his heirs will be different. If a person is unmarried than his heirs will be different. If a person has grandchildren or his son has passed away, or his mother has passed away, his father has passed away, you know, depending on which relatives he has, which of them are alive, depending on that the
heirs will be determined. So basically, each case is unique.
The way your inheritance will be distributed is different from the way your father's inheritance will be distributed. Different from the way your brothers your sister's inheritance will be distributed. All right, and this is the reason why it's a little complicated because each case is unique. All right. Then the third thing that the signs are
revolves around is the estate, what is the estate, it is a property that the deceased has left behind. And it includes tangible stuff as well as intangible things, tangible things like his house, his money, his gold, his investments, whatever it is an intangible things, for example, a person may have certain rights, you know, copyrights, for example, all right. Or, for instance, he has some kind of authority over some business or something. So even that is considered as part of the estate.
So, these are the three things that the science revolves inheritant
who is the person who's going to decide the shares of inheritance and divide them up, it's basically a person who's knowledgeable, knowledgeable of the science of inheritance of the law of inheritance, a person who has that knowledge, right, you could be a relative could be a non relative could be a lawyer, whoever. All right. Now, one more thing that you must remember is that there are certain things because of which a person is deprived of the share of inheritance, meaning, even though he may be the father of someone, the son of someone, the husband of someone, and they technically deserve that chair, but they will be deprived of that chair, they won't be given that chair, in
which cases, in a case where they are the murderer, the cotton. So if, for example, a person has killed his son, a person has killed his father, then they don't inherit from their father, a person has killed his wife, he doesn't inherit from his wife, all right. Likewise, a person is of a different religion, then inheritance will not take place. All right, when a person is of a different religion, even though he may be related by blood to someone, then the inheritance will not take place. Because how can you impose the law of Islam on someone else, you can't write, if someone is a Christian, they're Jewish, and they may be your relatives, they may be your brother, your sister,
but you cannot impose the law of Islam on them, you can't go and demand that, look, I'm their brother, I get this much share of inheritance from their property, you can't do that. Okay, so difference of religion obstructs the inheritance. And remember that the estate has to be divided in all circumstances, whether it is a lot or a little, the estate has to be divided, regardless of the age of the deceased, they may be two years old, they may be 20 years old, they may be 100 years old, regardless of their marital status, they may be single, they may be married, regardless of their parents status, they may be parents or not. Remember that the estate will be divided amongst all of
the living heirs, all of the living heirs. So for example, if an heir, let's say, a father dies, and his son, he dies the next day, then remember that when you distribute the property of the Father, then you will give the dead son his share as well. Of the inheritance. Even though he has passed away, it will be considered as part it will be transferred from the father's property to the sons property, and then the sons property will be divided. All right. Likewise, if there's a car crash, or car accident, one person dies, and a few moments later, the next person dies. And if there's a relationship between two of them, then the inheritance will take place, meaning the share will be
given to the person who dies later. All right, so it has to be given to all the living members, even if they die a few moments later. And if there's a child in the womb, the woman is pregnant, her husband dies, and there is a baby in the womb, then the inheritance will be distributed after the child is born. Because if it's a girl, her share will be different. If it's a boy, history will be different. If the child is not born alive, then the distribution will be different. All right. Even non Muslims have acknowledged that the Islamic law of inheritance is the most detailed law of inheritance. You don't get this anywhere else. You don't get this anywhere else, every relative has
been acknowledged by Allah subhanaw taala has been given a share and you'll be amazed at how Allah subhanaw taala allocates the shares in so much detail, a third and eighth a quarter. I mean, this is the Rama the fuddle of Allah. And here we are complaining about the religion of Assam is so biased, there is no justice. This is justice. That the decision has not been left to us. Allah has decided
then also remember that an air can give up his share. Let's say the son says Mom, I have a lot of Hamdulillah I don't need my share from that property. So you can use it.
For example, all the children say you know we have a right in the house, but mom you need the house you use it we are fine. We give it to you. Or for example, they see that one of their siblings needs more. So they give their share to their sibling they can do that likewise and air can purchase another heirs share. So for example, the house has to be divided amongst two sub
links. One says, I don't want the house to be given to somebody else. Right? If you sell it and you give me half the money, I want the house, not the money. So you know what, I'll buy the house from you, I'll give you the money. All right, so this can also happen. And also remember that when a person dies, whatever property he has left behind that is considered the estate, what he has done in his life, you don't include that in the estate. So for example, if a person has given a gift to someone, let's say, his son or his daughter, in his lifetime, right, let's say he gave him a gift of a car, for instance. Now after he dies, the rest of the beings cannot say, but he gifted you a car.
So this is why we're going to subtract $20,000 from your share. So you cannot subtract from an heirs share what was given to him during the life of that individual who has passed away.
So for example, if the parents say that you need the money now, why wait until I die, right, so you need the money now. So what they do is they give equal amounts of gifts to their children. All right, because in the Hadith, this is the instruction that is given that if you give a gift to one child, and you have to give equal amount to the rest of the children as well, you have to maintain equality between them. So over there, you will allotted that the son gets greater gift and the daughter gets a lesser gift. No, it will not be done according to the law of inheritance. But it will be done according to justice.
So for example, if a person says this son of mine, he's not my son anymore,
not because he's become a non Muslim, but because he married someone whom the Father did not approve of. So he says, you know, what, you're not my son, you know, you can say whatever. But that son of yours is still your son. And when you die, he will inherit from you. All right.
Regardless of how sinful relative is, they still when they deserve a share of inheritance, they deserve it. All right.
And one more thing that we must remember is that the estate that a person has left behind, okay, he can, will, for up to a third of it to who to anon ear,
meaning that a person can specify before he dies, that after I die, give such and such amount from my property to so and so friend, to such and such cause to so and so distant relative, they're non heirs, they don't deserve a share of inheritance. So a person can specify from before, but how much can it be a maximum off the third of the entire estate. So for example, a person has a child whom they have taken care of all their life, it's not their own child, not a biological child, a child whom they have raised. All right, it's understood that he's not their biological child. But they know that this child doesn't have any other family and they want to give him something they want to
give him something that adoptive child cannot inherit from those parents at all, legally Islamically he cannot, but that couple what should they do? If they want to give him something, which is good, they should, because the child is attached to them, then what should they do? They can specify from before but it can only be a maximum of a third Yes.
Yeah, Inshallah, the loans also we will learn about that before the estate is divided, several things have to be done. First of all, if the person has made a will, that a third of my money should be given to such and such cause so and so on on air, then that should be taken out first. Likewise, if he has some loan, some debts to pay off, than they should be paid off first, whether those are debts that are to be paid off to people, or to Allah, subhanaw taala to people, like for example, builds. All right. Likewise, some money that a person may have taken to Allah subhanaw taala like Farah, or Vidya? All right.
One more thing is that everything has to be divided from the spoons, to the refrigerator, to the clothes to the pens and the pencils and the books, and the furniture and the car, you name it. Anything that belonged to that individual, even their glasses
have to be divided according to the law of inheritance. You can't say oh, the garbage garbage garbage, garbage garbage is going to use a garbage garbage. No, you can't do that. Everything has to be brought together first of all, and then it will be allocated to the different IRS. Last question and then we'll look at the vs.
There is never a situation where the money is not enough for all the shares because you will only distribute what you have. Okay, you will only distribute what you have, even if what the heirs get is a few cents. All right. For example, a person leaves behind only some clothes and some shoes, let's say a kid, right? Now, what do you do? Let's say you decide the value of it. you estimate the value of it or you sell it
whatever money you get out of it, even if it's $100 you will divide it according to the law of inheritance. So let's say one heir receives $5 That's a share all right, that's his share. Also remember that there are three kinds of heirs one will sole what are the also the foundations okay the foundations meaning the root heirs, the origin heirs, meaning those people from whom a person has come from Who are they, his parents, his grandparents, they will inherit from him. The second kind of heirs are furore brand branch is meaning those people who have branched out from that individual who have come out from him, who are they, his children, grandchildren, great
grandchildren, and the list goes on. Okay. I mean, however many generations down, how many of our generations up and generations don't. But this is only parents, grandparents, great grandparents, you're not including aunts and uncles. Okay. Likewise, children, children, not nephews and nieces, its children.
The third kinder, how was she the margins, the side ears and who are they the siblings and the paternal uncles, the siblings and the paternal uncle. So in these verses, we will learn about these three kinds of heirs. All right, this Mullah Rahmani Raheem, you'll see Kamala houfy Oladipo Allah instructs you, you'll see from the word was Lea to give an important instruction with a lot of emphasis. So Allah is giving you elsea, Allah is giving you a very important instruction concerning who concerning Allah become your children, meaning this ayah talks about the shares of who the children that in which case, which child will inherit how much this is what this verse is going to
talk about. Let the curry first of all, let the curry for the male child myth Lu is similar to how the share of unsane the two females, the word health is from the root letters household law, and it means share portion. So the male child here will inherit a share that is equal to the share of two female children. What does that mean? That the sons share is double that of the daughter's chair. So for example, if a person leaves behind one son and two daughters than the property that is to be allocated, the children that will be divided into half 50% of it will be given to the Son and 50% of it will be given to the daughters. All right, it will be divided up between them. So the two
daughters will get 25% Each and the son will get 50% Each not fair. You're like stop, not fair. This is inequality. Come on. That's what you were thinking, weren't you?
My dear sisters, this is the only time in a man's life when he gets something for free.
Seriously, when he gets married, he gives me a hug. When he is married, he pays the rent, he looks after the family.
All right. If he divorces he has to give metta. He has to give some kind of benefit to the woman whom he has divorced. All right, every situation in the man's life what does he have to do? give give give, and a woman receiving, receiving receiving? And the poor guy at a time when he gets something Allah subhanaw taala gives him more why? Because what does he have to do with that money he has to spend on his family anyways.
Exactly. We are blessed
that if the Son inherits, you know what he has to do with that money, he has to take care of the mother. He has to take care of the sister, the sister is not obligated to take care of the mother the son is obligated. So we see that if the Son has been given a greater share, it's because he has been given a greater responsibility and the poor guy gets a lot of money only at this time, so please have some mercy on him. Okay, so let's that's the name is no huddle on saying for in Konami, certain, so if there were Kunta This is feminine if there were Nyssa, and females, meaning if all the children were females, meaning the man leaves behind only daughters, and how many are their
fellow cousin attaining? above two, meaning more than two daughters? He leaves behind more than two daughters, whether they're 3456789 1011 How many ever but he leaves behind only daughters that Allah says for the Hoonah so for all of them combined is how much Sooloos two thirds of Bethel raka
of that what she has left, meaning two thirds of the entire estate will be given to the daughters and will be equally divided amongst them. All right, two thirds of the entire estate, were in Canada. And if she was worried that on one meeting, he leaves behind only one daughter, no son, not two daughters, only one daughter, then follow her. NIS then for her is half half of what the entire estate that the father leaves behind. Now this is with regards to the children while you have away he and for his parents, because a person he leaves behind children, and he also leaves behind parents, okay, so for his parents, in a way includes both mother and the father. So for the mother
and the father, luckily, were hidden men humor, for each one of them two, meaning for the mother and the father is how much a pseudos 1/6 of what Mata raka of that which he has left, meaning you will take 1/6 of the estate, give that to the mother of the deceased, you will take another 1/6 of the estate, and you will give that to the father of the deceased, and the rest of the estate will be divided amongst the other heirs. All right. In Canada who wondered if he has a child, meaning if the disease leaves behind children and parents than the parents, each of them will get one six, and the rest of it goes to, to the children
for a lumea cola who wallet, but if he does not leave behind a child, the man dies. He has parents, he doesn't leave behind any children. So let's say many of us we don't have children I have but many of you don't have right. So in this case, what's going to happen well what if the who and he inherited him who have aware who his parents meeting his parents are the only heirs then fully omit his solos than for the mother is a third, a third of the estate that that individual has left behind if you focus on the verses, okay? And just take notes along with the verses don't write full sentences, I want you to focus on the Arabic it will be much easier for you to understand alright.
So, if he does not have a child, his parents are the only heirs and for the mother is is what a third for in Canada who is one, but what if this person leaves behind siblings as well? If he leaves behind siblings as well, then Foley Omaha's. So, Dustin the mother share will decrease before it was a third now it becomes a sixth. So, what do we see here that when you have more heirs then the shares will be decreased, because it has to be divided amongst all of them right? When you have more airs and the shares will be decreased
and all of this will happen when mimbar they will see you after it will see Yeah, you see be her that he may have been squeezed oh they didn't or adapt meaning the inheritance stipulated for those mentioned will only take place after two things are done. These shares you will only allocate will you will only give when two things are done which two things if the person has left a will
in favor of a non heir than that will be given first. So a person says my uncle doesn't deserve a share. Okay, technically, in his situation, my uncle, give him a third of my property. He mentioned this clearly that His will now before his estate is given to his children and his spouse and his parents, it will be given to the share of the uncle will be given to him first, oh Deignan or debt, meaning if he has any debts to pay off, whether to Allah or two people, then they will be paid off first. So in other words, the distribution of the estate will take place well, after these two things have happened.
Okay, the distribution will take place after these two things have happened? Because the person owes this money to them. Then Allah says Allah will come. By the way, what does this show to us that if we have any loan to pay to someone, whether it is a fees, that we have to pay for a course or it is some bills that we have to pay, or it is the God that is due or some video that is due for fast that we have missed or some Kafala for a sin that was committed, or a hedge that has to be performed when a person has not yet done it and he is obligated, then before the distribution of the state, those will be paid off? And this is why when the Janaza is performed before the Janessa what is asked if
there's anyone whom this dead person or anything to please come and ask. First the loans are given and then the rest of the things aren't
And
Allah says about oh como Obinna accom, your father's and your children about Florida and Florida. Even your father is on your children, ladder, the Runa you do not know that ruler from the lawyer, the lawyer to be aware, you do not know you're not aware. Or you will Accra Bula commoner, Farah, which of them is closer to you in benefit? Meaning you don't know who is of more benefit to you, whether it is your parents, who are of more benefit to you or your children who are more benefit to you. What does this mean? You see when we study these laws, and we learned that this is something that Allah has obligated, we don't have a choice about it. We can't decide. A person might say, but
my parents have always been so good to me, I want them to have everything of mine. My children are ungrateful, they're spoiled, they are, you know, bad people, they're sinful, I don't like them, I don't want them to have anything from my property. So all my property should go to my parents, or a person thinks otherwise. That my parents, you know, they've lived their life they've enjoyed. If my money goes to them, it will be paid off in their treatment and their medication. You know, my children have a long life to live, they have houses to buy education to pay off. So they should be getting more of a share. A person might use such logic, right? Or a person might say, you know, my
cousins or my relatives, you know, who do get a share of inheritance. They're not good. They're bad people. We've never gotten along with one another. They've said, this harsh thing to us, they've been mean to us in this way. But what is Allah say? You don't know.
You don't know. A person might think this, certain individuals should get less of a share, because they might die quickly.
And a certain individual should get a greater share, because they may have a long life to live. But you don't know. Really, you don't know. You don't know what's gonna happen in the future. A person might repent, a person might live a really long life, a person might die the next day, you don't know. So when you don't know, then you leave the matter to who the one who knows. Who knows, Allah knows. So you leave this matter to him, he decides who inherits what. He decides who inherits what. And really, you don't know whether you are going to get more reward because of your parents or because of your children. You might think differently, because of your bias, your misunderstanding.
You might dislike an individual because of how they are. But you never know their existence in your life may be a source of blessings for you, too. You don't know. Who knows? Allah subhanaw taala knows. And this is the reason why Allah says Farinata min Allah, this is an obligation from Allah, meaning Allah has made this an obligation, what the specific shares and the specific airs and trust Allah, because in Allah Cana or even Hakima indeed Allah is Ever knowledgeable and wise, he knows he is wise, there's wisdom behind every share that he has allotted. So trust him and submit to Him. So what does this teach us? That we do not have any authority over our property once we have died? Once
we die, hours does not remain ours? All right. What is ours is until we live, you can do with your property what you want during your life, but after you die, you don't have any control over it. Allah decides what goes to come.
And all of these shares are based on the knowledge and the wisdom of Allah subhanaw taala.
Yes,
the females properties are divided in the same way that a male does. I mean, depends on the kind of relatives that she has, right? If she has children, then they get a share. If she has parents, they get to share, the husband and the wife share is different. Meaning if a husband dies, his wife's share will be different from what he would inherit from her if she were to die. Okay, like we discussed earlier that all men all women get a share, not equal, but they do get a share. Like we saw that shared the son is different the share of the daughter.
So what a coma and for you meaning for men, is this for half of my Tharaka as well as you can what your wives have left. Meaning if a woman dies, then her husband will inherit how much of her estate, half of it Elomi Akula. Who know well, if they do not have a child, meaning if a woman dies, she didn't have any children than her husband will inherit how much half the other half will go to the rest of the family. Let's say her parents, right
for in Canada who nawala don't, but if they do have a child, whether it is through the present husband or the pre
The US husband, if the woman who has passed away has a child, whether through the present husband or with a previous husband, all right, if the woman who has died she leaves behind children, then fellow commode Rooby Roo than for the husband is how much a quarter Minmatar Ocarina of that which they have left. So, again,
the presence of more airs means less share, okay? Metadata of that which they have left and this will take place meaning a woman's property will be divided after one after main body was eaten, after it was clear, a bequest that you seen a behavior that they had been squeezed out deigning or adapt, meaning a woman also can make a will, about her property. A woman has the right to decide that a third of my wealth should go to a non err, just like a man has that right? You understand? So for example, you If Allah subhanaw taala has given you lots of gold jewelry, lots of money that's sitting in the bank account. All right. So you have the right to decide that after I die, a third of
my estate should be given, let's say in charity, or let's say in the publication of such and such materials, or let's say in the building of the masjid or let's say that distant relative of mine, you have the right you can do it Allah has given you the right. So, this is one thing Secondly, they in a debt meaning if a woman has taken a loan, then that loan will be paid off before the shares are distributed. So what does that prove that a woman has a right to take a loan just like a man has a right all right, meaning a woman can participate in financial transaction just like a man can she has a right over her? Well,
the question is that what if a person who dies has so many loans to pay off that even after their property is given in paying off the loan still, there isn't enough then obviously, the responsibility lies on who the family members all right befalls on them. Then Allah says what 100 Robbery now in the case of the wife
for the wife is a quarter Minmatar October of that which you have left in lamea cola come wallet, if you do not have a child meaning of the man does not have any children and he leaves behind a wife or more wives than in that case, how much shared to those wives get a quarter for in Kerala come loaded and the rest of the property will go to the parents and the other heirs. And if you do have a child for in Kerala come what a man leaves behind children and a wife, then fellow Hoonah Thorn than for them meaning for the wife is an eight Minmatar Octone of that which you have left mimbar they will see you after carrying out the will too soon. And via that you have the Quiett Oh Deignan or debt
that you have to pay off.
Now, what if a person dies leaving behind no parents, no children, no grandparents, no grandchildren possible? Very much possible. So what in cannot you learn if there is a man, euro to color Latin, you will assume he has been inherited, meaning his estate is being inherited by who by heirs, but this individual he is a Calella. Our Emirati or a woman, meaning a man or a woman who is a Calella he has passed away. The question is who is a colada collana is the one who does not have a soul. Nor does he have furore remembers the three kinds of errors. He doesn't have the origin errors, meaning the parents grandparents, nor does he have any branch errors, meaning no children nor grandchildren
than what is he leaving behind? How was she the margin ears, the side ears and who are they the siblings and the paternal uncles? All right. So this is what Calella is. And the word Cleal is from the same root and it clearly is a crown. If you look at a crown, what is it it's like a circle that does not have a base nor does it have a top part. Right? It doesn't have anything at the bottom nor at the top. What does it have? Just a margin, just something that's on the sides. So this is what Calella is, he has all the side errs side relatives, but nothing above and nothing below. Okay, so in this case, whether a man or a woman, Wallah who are home and this person, he leaves behind a
brother
or a sister. He leaves behind a brother or
Sister for an order over here gives the meaning of and as well. So whether he leaves behind one brother or one sister or a brother and a sister, then to the siblings family co Liwa, Hedeman Houma then for each one of them is how much a so this one six, meaning that the siblings will inherit and each sibling will inherit how much was six for in Canada or UK thirimanne Delica then if there were more than that more than what more than two meaning more than two siblings then in that case for whom Shoraka who then they will be sharers partners floor luxury, meaning they will all share, the siblings will all share in how much villas in the third, meaning the third of the estate will be
distributed amongst to the siblings, when they are more than how much more than two. So for example, a person dies who's behind one brother or two brothers or one sister and a brother, then how much for each of the siblings a six, right? But if they are more, let's say he leaves behind four brothers or two sisters and two brothers, that in that case, a third of the entire state will be equally distributed amongst them. Okay, before each was getting a sixth now, a third will be divided equally amongst them. Right. And all of this will happen mimbar they will see it in use. I'll be here all day in in same condition. You see how many times it is repeated? After a while so yeah,
that will be carried out or alone that will be returned.
And then Allah says later mobile. Later on, we'll move on from there that was logged rara. What does that mean? harm to harm someone more blah is one who harms that which harms meaning the will, the bequest of up to a third that a person makes should not be made to harm to harm who the IRS that a person says, my heirs I don't like them. So I'm going to leave all of my property for these lovely cats that I own.
You know what I'm talking about? Okay, so late, oh my gosh, you can't make a will to harm a legal heir, a rightful heir, you can't do that no matter how much you dislike them, no matter how much they annoy you. You can't do that. Right, I'm abroad. And people look for loopholes and some ways you know, some way or the other through which they can deprive someone of their legal right to inherit. Allah says laid on will bother you see, intentions, they matter a lot. And later on without also means that the will should not be more than a third. So if for example, a person in his ignorance or in his disobedience to Allah, if He makes the will of more than a third will then be
executed. No, it will not be executed if a person says give all of my estate to my cats, feed them for the rest of their lives and feed their generations and generations to come and build the best house for them. And I have a vet for them that's available 24/7 Because I love these cats. So anyways, if a person does that, will it be carried out that will No. A third of the money can be given to the cats but not more than that. Okay, the rest of it has to be distributed amongst the IRS. Allah says we'll see you with a min Allah. This is a Worsley from Allah look at the word will see you will see as being spoken up. And Allah use the same word that when you make an instruction
concerning your wealth, you want it to be obeyed. You want it to be followed. Allah is giving you a see so you follow that. This is our sia from Allahu Allahu alayhi wa Halim and Allah is Knowing and for bearing, he is knowing and for bearing. So what do we learn in this verse that the division has been made by Allah, and it will be decided, according to law of Allah, I'm sure you haven't understood all of this 100% You may have 1000 questions, you may have to picture everything in all calculated mathematically all these shares and everything. But really, like I mentioned earlier, it's a complicated science that is very detailed. This is what is mentioned in the Quran. And this
is the foundation this is the basis of the science of the law of inheritance. The details you will find in the Hadith, you will find in the statements of the companions in the way that they calculate inheritance. Right? And it's amazing that only two verses are dedicated to the science you can say three because there's another verse that will come at the end of the surah that talks about the Calella again, so you can say there were three verses in the Quran talk about the law of inheritance, only three this is how comprehensive the kalam of Allah subhanaw taala is
The details you will find in the Sunnah Allah says Tilka who do the Allah? These are the limits that have been prescribed by Allah Who deplore love had from her dal dal had is to set a boundary to set a boundary. Like for example, this divider that you see here at the back of the hall, what is this a head? Okay, this is a head, what does it mean? Why has this boundary been set that when you're in class stay here you're not allowed to go on that side. So, those of you are sitting on that side come back in anyways and those who are on the other side, are they allowed to come in here
if they want to come as listeners, but not to play not to sit and have tea all right, why because there is something else going on right now over here. So anyway, the point is that 100 is a boundary that is placed so that it is not crossed.
All right, so that it is not crossed. And the word had or who dude in the Quran is used for two things. Firstly, it is used for the commands that Allah subhanaw taala has given and secondly, it is used for the prohibitions that he has set. So firstly, those things which Allah has commanded us to do. And secondly, those things that he has told us not to do stay away from.
And when you are inside a particular place, okay, inside a walled place, then what does it mean that you have to stay inside you don't go unless there is a genuine reason unless you have the permission to go. All right. So likewise, the commands of Allah, we are not allowed to disobey. This is why Allah uses the word hood.
And when there is a property that is guarded, that is walled, what does it say? No trespassing, you're not allowed to come in. So don't go. So when something is forbidden, you're not allowed to do that. So don't do it. Over here data who do the law? What does this refer to? The commands meaning you have to observe this law? Which law, the law of inheritance even if you don't like it? Yep. Even if you have a reason to disagree, yep. When you're Muslim, you have to follow the law. Because these are the hadith of Allah. Woman Uteri, la hora Sula, who, whoever obeys Allah and His messenger, you kill her Jana, Allah will admit him into Jannah.
You see, this inheritance, this matter of inheritance, is you can say the last test that a person goes through in his life before he dies. Because before he dies, he can make a wrong we'll see you isn't, he can say give all of my wealth to so and so burned my property. I don't want my children to take anything. I don't want my ears to take anything or he destroys it himself so that he leaves nothing behind for his heirs. I mean, a person can do such things right. You know, somehow change the law of Allah he can do many things. And if he does that, then it has to all of his life he has been obedient and at the end, he has disobeyed Allah and failed. And a person who lives his life in
obedience and at the end, he passes this test as well. Then what does Allah say? That him up the hill who Janna Allah will admit him into Jeanette Daydreamin tactical and how underneath which rivers flow Han Idina Fie, her abiding there and eternally were their legal Fosun Arlene and that is the great success that is supreme success. This is success. What is success? Entry into Janna, success is not how much money you have left behind and how rich you have left your children than how even though you have died, your house is still in your family's name. Or even when you have died, your business is still in your family's name. No, this is not success. When you die, your property
your business for some years, okay? Even though you've disobeyed Allah subhanaw taala. It will stay with your family for some time, but eventually it will go right it will be given to others. So then is it worth disobeying Allah? It's not true success is not how much money you leave behind to your daughter to your son to your relatives. true success is entry into Jannah and that will happen when you obey the law that Allah has given when my era ously Lucha Sula, who and Whoever disobeys Allah and His messenger with i Who do the who and he crosses the limits that Allah has said yet ah, from our angle, well, it's from Urdu Urdu was also from the same route enemy What does an enemy
Do he crosses the limits in his enmity? So yes, he crosses the limits, meaning Allah gave the laws he did not care about them he did whatever you want to do. Then such a person you feel who now on Allah will put him into fire. Allah will enter such a person in the fire of * Holly than figure abiding there in eternally. Well, who are the devil Maheen and frame is a humiliating punishment from the word how well known, humiliating.
A person doesn't wish to give part of his property to an heir. Because he feels that he will be humiliated. That someone who has been disrespectful to him all his life now walks away with some of his money. So a person wants to deprive that individual of his right. Even though Allah has given that right he wants to deprive that individual, because he feels humiliated. Humiliation is in hellfire, where a person wants to take revenge from a certain relative. You didn't listen to me you didn't cooperate with me. Now your share of inheritance, my son, I've told him never to give it to you. Possible Right? Or a son has disobeyed and a person says, I disown you You're not my son
anymore. Why does he do that to humiliate that child.
But the fact is that the one who is disobeying Allah is humiliating himself. The one who disobeys Allah is humiliating himself, because for him is a punishment that is humiliating. So this is the last test. Observing the law of inheritance correctly. It's the last test. And it's a very important one. The Prophet sallallahu sallam said, A man or a woman might perform actions in obedience to Allah for 60 years. Yet, when they are near death, they leave an unfair will, and thus acquired the fire of *. For 60 years, they have been obedient, and at the end, they leave behind a wrong will. And thus they acquire the fire of *. So this is a very, very serious matter. And this is the
reason why, even though this knowledge, the science is a communal obligation, those who have the talent to learn the skill to learn, they must learn, because only when you will learn, then this awareness will spread. Unfortunately, many Muslims are unaware how many of you knew about the details of the law of inheritance. We weren't aware. And this is just the tip of the iceberg. There's much more justice and mercy that you see when you study the science. So it's a very important science that should not be undermined, it should not be ignored. It should be learned and it should be practiced.
People should be made aware of it, because it's very crucial to success in the era. And also notice one more thing, obedience to Allah and his messenger disobedience to Allah and his messenger both are mentioned over your right.
Why? Because the law of inheritance, you learn from the Quran, but you also learn a lot from what the Sunnah of the Prophet sallallahu Sallam so you cannot ignore that. And this is the case with every science in our religion. You learn about it from the Quran, and you learn about it from the Sunnah and you have to take both of them together.
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now living in this country, how is a person's estate divided after they die? What's the law that the will that you make, carries a lot of weight, the will. And what I mean by that is not up to a third concerning your wealth. But whatever you decide concerning your wealth when it's approved by a lawyer, the stamps are present, that for example, you write in your will that after I die, such and such money of mine should be given to SO and SO SO and SO SO and SO then by law that has to be carried out. But the government is not going to make sure that the inheritance is done according to the law of the dean, it will be done according to what you have said. And if you haven't said
anything, if you haven't written anything that I've heard, I'm not sure if somebody mentioned over here as well, that a portion of the estate is taken by the government Allahu Arnhem, I do not know. So please don't quote me anywhere about this, okay. But if that is true, then you know what our shortcoming our falling short and our duty is going to deprive our heirs of their right. So the point is over here, that when you are living in this country, and Allah has given you some wealth, then you must go to a lawyer and make a will. And in that will, you don't have to say my parent, my mother should get this much and my father should get this much and my son should get because you
don't know what the situation will be when you die. Right? You don't know which heirs are alive. And mashallah every other day, you know, new relationships are being established, a person may be getting married, a person will be having a child, so based on that the heirs become different. So what should be done, then, according to the law of Islam, according to this system, you know, that I give the responsibility to such and such individual to divide my estate according to Islamic law. So get that done, don't delay. The Prophet sallallahu sallam said that if someone has some wealth with regards to which you would like to make a will, then let him not sleep in the night before making
that will. So, when you have some wealth like that, and in fact it is a responsibility on you to ensure that the inheritance is divided according to Allah's law, then you better do your part as soon as possible.
Invest, investigate according to your own situation. But this is what I and my family have done. That we went to the Lord we've made a will like that, that such and such individual will divide us
already do Islamic law. And it's not difficult to do, it's not going to take much time just go to a lawyer get this done, get it stamped, it's not going to take that much time. Yes,
exactly. You don't have to wait until you become 60 years old until you retire until you buy a house until you become chronically ill, you don't have to wait until then do it now, because you don't know when your death is coming. Right? You know, a decent amount of wealth, they have some investment, they have some assets. And also, whatever you own, make sure that your family is aware of it. Now, it doesn't mean that you keep telling your sister I have this much money in my account, okay, by the way, and you boast to your brother, I have this much gold sitting in my locker by the way, you don't need to do that.
But you need to have some kind of document, for example, that lists it or you know, whatever you can do, so that the family is not unaware they're not lost. After you die.
A sister will inherit from her brother, yes, in the case where the brother does not leave behind, you know, parents or children, then the sister will inherit. And this is regardless of whether she has children or not whether she's married or not, whether she was dependent on him or not, regardless,
for example, if a person dies leaving behind a house, and that house, all his children have a right over it. Right? They deserve a portion of it. Now, let's say two sons are living in that house. Can they live in that house? Only if the rest of the siblings allow?
If they say no, I need my share, then they better give them their share. Either they give them the money, or the sell the house and give them money, whatever is possible. But they must do that. And if they don't, then they are consuming someone else's property unjustly.
At what age should a person be concerned about making a will age doesn't matter, wealth matters.
A person could be eight years old, and they may have a lot of money. It's possible remember Richie Rich?
Okay. So a person could be a minor and still be very rich. All right. And a person could be very old and Oh, nothing.
Okay, so if you own something that is a value, let's say you own some gold jewelry. Okay, some little girls, they're like, a few months old, and their parents put gold bangles on them and gold necklaces and earrings and all that. So they own it, right? Unless the mother thinks, oh, no, this is mine. I'm just lending it to the daughter. Yes.
You know, there is a child who dies. And the things that belong to the child are actually the parents, if you think about it, right? You know, when a child is born, when they're little, when they're young, whatever they own, who gets it for them, the parents cooked for them, right? And the parents decide what to do. Otherwise, you couldn't give any of their clothes away. All right, you couldn't use it for their younger siblings, whatever is there as you keep until they get older, and they decide what to do with it. No, that's not the case. So when these things where the child does not have any decision, any right over it to decide, then the parents obviously they take everything,
but where the child has something of value, let's say the child is even two months old, alright, and their father dies. And the child inherits $200,000, only two months old, but they own $200,000 that doesn't belong to the mother automatically.
And in that case, if that child were to die, that $200,000 will be divided amongst the child's ears, it will not be taken by the mother, it will be divided amongst the heirs of that child. Okay. Yes.
The thing is that inheritance is by relationship, which relationship either have blood or through marriage or off Wilaya. What is blood that the two individuals are related through blood, Father, Son, not father and steps on what I mean by step son is, let's say the wife son, not the man son, but the wife, son. So that son will not inherit from his stepfather because there's no blood relationship between the two. Do you get it? Secondly, inheritance is through Nikka. Meaning if there was a relationship of Nygaard between two individuals, a man and woman, they're not related by blood, but they're married to each other. So they will inherit from one another. And the third
relationship is of Wilaya. Meaning that if a person owns a slave, okay, and they freed that slave, now that slave, let's say didn't get married and have children, I think he was a single person and he dies. So his estate, his property will be inherited by who by His ex master.
Why? Because who does he have? This man the slave does not have any other relatives doesn't have anyone you understand? So his ex master will inherit from him. So these are three, you can say you
links through which people inherit what blood marriage and Willa okay, sure you have zillion questions. Refer to the book that I told you and refer to reputable Islamic websites so panicle long will be handy Krishna to Allah, Allah Allah into the stuff we look on a tube will ache a Salam or Aleikum Warahmatullah wabarakatuh