Suhaib Webb – Usul alFiqh Lesson ThirtySix The Eight Causes of Tawil
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Welcome back to our explanation of Farooq Waqat.
Avi Muhammaduwani, Ar Rahim Allah. Please pay attention
to this because
this is something very important
and I'm going to explain it in a
very simple way. And then in the future,
when I have some time, I'm going to
do it again and give you examples of
each one.
Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala
But the question that you should be thinking
about is
like when does this happen?
Especially when he says
What does that mean?
So that means that in order for the
dahir to become
in order for the implicit,
right, to then be interpreted it has to
be done with a daleel. What is a
daleel?
We talked about this in the beginning of
We talked about that definition of Al Baidawi
to know what is a Dalir. So in
order for me to understand the relationship between
and
then I have to learn about
and
Itlaq,
Taqeed.
Well Taqeed, I have to learn about Has
and I have to learn about Nasir and
Mansur.
I have to learn about Majez and Hafiqah.
I have to learn about
those things that we went through basically early
on
because those are the evidences and these relationships
of text. I have to learn about Asanid,
which which chains of nourishment are strong and
weak.
So basically for me to think about the
relationship between and
between the implicit and the interpreted.
I have to know what are the adila
in Usul and then I have to have
some information about Al Akbar,
about the narrations on behalf of Sayidna Muhammad
and add it to this and we won't
talk about it now
in samatehe
because the stronger meaning is given preference
over a meaning which is not as intense.
But what I want you to think about
is there's this interrelationship
between a and well, I'm not going outside
of the I'm not going outside to something
else. I'm using the for the I'm
using
the to interpret the
It has to be related to what has
been legislated. So what are those relationships
between the and the where we find scholars
differing?
There are 8 of them I wanna mention
to you, which are again, as I keep
mentioning the text because it's so important,
the miftah
of Sheikh,
Sharafuddin,
Sharaf Atil Masani
So let's I'm just gonna mention them. I'm
not gonna give you examples now. In the
future, we'll do that. But just remember this,
these are the 8
kind of reasons or evidences that scholars are
going to be using when they debate over
what's and which
one is acceptable.
What is that Dalil? One of these 8.
The first is
The literal and the figurative.
Some scholars gonna take the literal meaning, some
scholars gonna take the figurative leading meaning. And
we know there's 3 types, right?
Shar'an,
Orphan,
and then,
Wadan.
Right? There's the sharia,
haqripa.
There's the customary,
literal, and then there's related to how the
language is used.
We don't wanna get there now, but just
think about
how incredible our scholarship is. The same people
who lie about Gaza and the Palestinians are
same people who lie about our intellectual tradition.
To the extent
that Muslims themselves have lost
faith and trust in this incredible academic tradition
that was left for us to carry.
So the first is
So some scholars gonna say the literal meaning,
some scholars gonna take the figurative meaning. Example
would be like,
Imam,
Abu Hanifa on the issue of
He says here means,
*.
The majority say no, it means to touch.
This example of Haqqiqah and Majas.
The second I have my notes here, forgive
me, I have not memorized them is
is a word that has one meaning or
does it have 2 meanings
or more? From
So is it carrying a singular meaning
or more than one meaning?
Scholars say it has a singular meaning. And
it go this way. Scholars say that it
has more than one meaning, to go that
way with
the
And here we're gonna see that difference,
amongst the scholars over that issue.
The second,
synonyms versus anonyms.
Does this word have synonyms or not? Other
words that have the same meaning or not?
Scholars gonna differ over that. One's gonna say
it doesn't. One's gonna say it does. One's
gonna take the dahir. One's gonna take the
mawal.
Inshallah, we model for you in the future,
will be easier.
The
4th
So
is there a pronoun here or not?
If there's not a pronoun in the phrase,
then you go with the noun that's mentioned.
But if you say there is a pronoun
there, what does that pronoun go back to?
What is it referring to? So that's gonna
be interpreted based on that. Those who say
no, the noun is mentioned is right in
front of us. They're gonna take that opinion.
Here you see
figurative
literal. One meaning.
Many meanings,
one word.
Synonyms,
no synonyms, now you see something happening.
Make it easy for you. You don't have
the best teacher in the world, but I
try my best because
maybe the problem is me not gonna be
So the next is that, is it's a
noun by itself.
It doesn't need a pronoun.
What's gonna be interpreted now is the pronoun?
Is it there or not?
Is amazing. Right?
The 5th
does is the word being emphasized or not?
The origin is it's not emphasized.
The exception is it's emphasized. Just like the
origin is the literal. The origin is a
singular meaning. The origin is no synonyms.
The origin
here is that the word doesn't have any
emphasis, added emphasis to it. The exception is
that it's being emphasized. So the first is
gonna be the
according to some. The second is going to
be
according to some.
See that? SubhanAllah.
No.
I don't think I have them all written
here, so I may miss one.
The next is
You already know this. The asul is
the
exception is
And finally,
is that the word is
The is that it's gonna be
So pay attention to these 8, I I
think I only mentioned 7,
but let's go through them again. May Allah
give
me and you.
The first is the literal,
the
The
is the figurative.
According to the mind of that person, the
other may say the opposite, but just to
make it easy for you.
The second is that it has one meaning,
the word itself.
So that's the dahir.
The opposite of that is gonna be that
it has more than one meaning.
The third, it has synonyms.
It doesn't have synonyms.
The 4th, no pronoun,
pronoun.
The 5th,
not emphasized,
emphasized.
For example.
The 6th is that it's it's it's
versus
Has.
And then the 7th Itlaq versus Taqid. That
is Motlaq
and the Absar is Muayid.
So alhamdulillah, when we say
is
these is these daleels.
So that this is going to make the
person
disciplined and make them a crafty researcher and
focus. It's not just crazy chaos. These are
the 8
8 parameters that are going to impact the.
Not what I feel, not what I think,
what I'm doing, this is no. No. No.
No. No. No. There's rules for this and
these are the rules. So what I just
gave you is this is the rubric
for the scholar, for the for the for
the who's
looking
at this word. Is it
is it Well, if I say it's based
on what? Then let me look. Is it
one of these 7?
Not just how I feel, not just what
I think. So what you can appreciate from
this is
the danger sometimes. For example, when people say,
you know,
the hour will not start until Islam rise
from the west. Islam rising from the west
means Muslims who became Muslim in America.
How did you go from that
that to this interpretation? What what of these
8
did you use to interpret that?
That's acceptable with those four conditions I mentioned
earlier.
So now you're starting to see, I hope,
where this course is taking us and why
it's a little different maybe than,
other classes you took in the Warakat because
we wanna
train you at Swiss in particular, especially our
students,
to be active jurists, to be engaged in
the law, to be to be
guiding people as best they can according to
the parameters of the Sharia that protect us
from the Mun Hariffin on both sides.
So what did we just talk about? It's
very important. These
conditions
of tawil.
These parameters of tawil, may Allah
bless us. We have some more to talk
about in the future about alzahir and well,
I hope now you can see
why it says it's very important. If you
like this, please hit that like button and
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appreciated.