Suhaib Webb – Usul alFiqh (Lesson Seventeen) The Prohibitions (PartOne)
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Welcome back to now our 17th
gathering on an introduction to Ulsul Al Filq
reading from the warakat of imam
Al Haramain Ujuwani Uruhi Muhola. We're just section
now on Anahi. Anahi means a prohibition. But
before we talk about its
scientific definition in the nomenclature of Islamic law,
let's talk about its linguistic definition. Imam Iblufaris,
great great Arabist, he says,
He said that the word,
actually, the word in Arabic means to reach
a goal.
That's why Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala calls the
people of knowledge Urim Nuha.
Urim Nuha, the people of Nuha, the people
who reach the goal. But what's the goal
here? SubhanAllah. Here we see the importance of
tasawaf
and to ski it to nafs and how
it has to be married to aqidah and
fiqh because tasawaf for that aqidah and fiqh
is a Dali
is a Dali,
and a Tasawwuf
without Fiqh is.
So what do we want? We want all
3, aqeedah, fiqh, tasawaf,
and amta'alayim
as we say in short fatiha.
So
those people who reach the objective. What's the
objective of stopping
themselves
from doing things which prohibited. Now you see
there's something there in the meaning
Then
the the people of knowledge, ideally,
there are people who know when to stop
themselves,
when not to pass the limits that Allah
has set.
As Allah says in the
These are the limits set by Allah, so
don't cross them.
And whoever does wrongs themselves.
And the hadith of an Naman Ibnu Bashir
Radi Allahu Ta'ala Anhu,
that the prophet
That the permissible is clear, that the forbidden
is clear. Between them are things which most
people don't know about means the ruling.
So who falls into the doubtful falls into
the haram like a shepherd
that shepherds his flock right on the border
of the sanctuary of a king.
They're gonna fall in. That's like someone who
plays with the Hudud of Allah.
So that's why the prophet, sallallahu alaihi wa'alehi
wasallam, he said that one of the unique
characteristics of Islam is alwara,
is to be cautious. And saying that Imam
al Shafi'i radiallahu anhu said nobody will reach
Taqwa until they leave what's forbidden fearing that
it may cause them to fall into the
Haram.
May Allah increase us. Easier said than done,
of course.
So the word
means to reach a goal,
an objective,
and that's because of prohibition. That's the final
stop. Don't go past this. That's why they're
called.
They know when to stop themselves.
They know when to stop them.
As the Quran
says. Now we move on to the religious,
nomenclature or Surafak definition.
The prohibitions. Is
is istida' we talked about it before
to request
a turk. It's different than a command. A
command is is different than a command. But
a
turkey
Bilqaw,
right, is not to request that you do,
but to request that you abandon. You don't
do tarq. You leave it.
Bilqaw, and this, of course, these are we
talked about qud and the tareef
that's a that's a that's aqayd.
A turq,
aqayd,
limited limited so by the time you get
to the end of it, the only thing
you have in front of you is what?
This idea, this concept.
Amazing. Look at our scholarship. We have to
be very careful this idea of the scholars
were backwards. They have no. No. No. Islamic
scholarship reached a golden era that we haven't
been able to live up to yet. That's
our problem. So what do we do to
make up for inadequacies? We complain about the
scholarship that we don't even know because I'm
sure a lot of you right now are
listening to this. You're like, I never heard
anything like this before. That's okay. But this
knowledge is there.
It's there. We just have to work for
it.
Whoever works hard achieves.
He said it is the request
that
someone refrain from something,
and that request is coming from 1 and
greater authority. We talked about how this was
the way of the Mount Tazilites
and, of course, Abu al Husayn al Basri
who said,
And we said in the Surah Al Ahmad
al Akhdar, if you
We said that this actually is very problematic
for us as Sunnis, and we should stay
away from that. Alhamdulillah.
Although there were great Sunni scholars who did
consider, like, authority,
like Sayidni Imam al Baji. That's why Imam,
Sidi Abdulahi
in Maraqis Suri, he said, wahadaf al Baji
that
Imam al Baji, he differed with the other
Malekis, and he considered it as
a part
of the Amr as well as the Nahi.
But the majority, especially
He said that this request to refrain is
coming in a way that implies it it
is obligatory.
Here, there's something that we want to point
out as we finish, Insha'Allah,
and that it would perhaps be better if
he said,
because wujub means obligation,
but he said that in the order because
the order is tidayu
al talab al fa'il
Right? That that the commands are requesting something
be done,
and so he has to say
over there
to
take out the sunnah and the recommended.
Here, when he's talking about the Haram, this
is an
absolute command,
not to do something.
The lesser degree of haram is what?
So if he says,
it doesn't quite capture the same meaning as
if he said,
Why? Because when he says
Turk
all this is taking out so many things
it's taken out the wajib
it's taken out the mandub
Khalas is taken out the muba
the
is now Makru is gone. The only thing
left out of the 5 rulings in our
mind is alhurma,
aw,
tahrim,
or as we say here, a nahyu.
So what is a nahyu? It's going to
be a text
that implies
a nonnegotiable
command for us to leave something.
And that leaving, there are 2 opinions about
what that means, and we'll talk about that
as well as a few other issues related
to