In this lesson, the events leading up to the conversation with Abu Sufyan and the world scene are explained. This hadith is a must for anybody wishing to learn more about the seerah to find out how Rasul Allah was viewed by other rulers and even his enemies.
Riyadul Haqq – The Prophet & Heraclius, The Roman Emperor Part 1
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AI: Summary ©
AI: Transcript ©
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structure listeners, as announced we've gathered here today
for the study and commentary of
a very famous long
from
namely the heavies
popularly referred to as heavy metal hit up the heavy use of heraclius
it's a very long duration, in which I'm delighted not bearse it'll be Allahu Allah cousin, brother, the profits from the law legal some of them.
He relates from, of all Sophia,
another distant cousin of the profits in the law, it wasn't
his meaning of Josephine's experience when he wants travelled after the Treaty of her they be
up north to Shanghai,
where they would regularly travel for their trade.
And then on that occasion of josephian was summoned, along with his companions of the caravan
to the Royal Courts of heraclius, the Byzantine Roman Emperor, who then questioned
in great detail about the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam,
his companions, his message, his mission,
his characteristics, and his character,
after which, Heraclitus was convince, at least in his mind and heart, that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was a true messenger of Allah, and that he was the final messenger foretold in the earliest scriptures. However,
in the Galatia, the man looked over
the menu as of last season, and addressing the messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, very lean, you cannot guide whom you wish,
but rather Allah guides who he wishes so despite being convinced and heart and mind that he was the true final messenger as foretold in the earliest scriptures, you're actually eventually chose not to believe and the details of
this whole story inshallah we will come across as we proceed with the reading and the column shift.
Now
let me at least begin the headings and then I'll come into detail. So for those of you who are following from the original
book of man Hardy, ladies collection,
is number seven.
Also, in the abridged version, it's also in the seven in the
less now than
in a moment of behati. Life la all with an uninterrupted chain of narration from me to the man McCarty lies
at the center of William O'Neal
and his hoodie
obey the law, the law
or the law,
not the law
or the law
Abuja man
related to Mr. Buhari says that when your man and her come over Matthew related to as he said shame informed us from zuri that obey the law had not Abdullah had not
informed us that Abdullah had a burst of the alarm Nkrumah informed him. That's all stuff you can even help, but the alarm informed him.
So this is a chain of narration. Ultimately Manmohan Singh with his chain relates from the companion app the live births of the Allahumma correlates from another companion of all Sophia of the Allahumma Jemaine, who then relates the full story.
And he begins with the words of my hero,
I was selected a few Rockman Quraysh that heraclius sent word to him, amongst
other members of a caravan of the fish.
Now, before we proceed with the actual Hadees, let me put some background to the whole narration.
The period we are speaking is after
the Treaty of Arabia
in the 16th of July,
when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam emigrated from Medina,
in the second year of hedgerow we had the battle and
then the
Battle of art in the third year, then in the fifth year, there was the campaign or the Battle of the trench was over 100. And then a year later,
in the 60s of Hitler, there was the
treaty and the truth of who they be. And the backdrop to that was
that when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam left
in the
first year well, at the time of the hedger
in the 53rd year of his life,
the Muslims were in a very weak position, and they were only approximately 80 or so emigrants. But gradually, the numbers increase the strength of the Muslims increase their confidence rose, and then there was a battle of weather, in which, although they were overwhelmed and outnumbered,
they scored a decisive victory against the Irish. A year later, there was a battle.
There was a slight setback, but ultimately, the Muslims were still victorious, although there was a huge setback.
And they suffered. But then in the fifth year of hedra, within five years of the immigration, the position of the Muslims was much stronger to the extent that although the Grange had gathered a huge army
well over 10,000 they were unable to penetrate the defenses of the Muslims. And eventually, after laying siege to the city of Medina, for some time, they
broke away, and we returned to Makkah. It was on that occasion that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam actually announced in the fifth year of hitch after the Battle of the trench, that they will never march against us now, rather, we will march against them. So, in five years, the position was now reversed. So the next year in the 60 of
the provinces sallallahu alayhi wa sallam very peacefully made an intention of traveling to Makkah, returning to his birthplace and the holy city, for the very first time, with peaceful intentions of only performing the Umrah pilgrimage.
He starts off with approximately 1400 companions, but
the man can still rule.
maka Quraysh. And therefore,
the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam counts approximately six miles from Makkah at a place called de Vere. And he then sent a messenger smile of nasaan all the love and His own Son in law in order to negotiate with the
terms of entry into the city, and being allowed to peacefully perform their Anglican pilgrimage, and then leave. However, the Polish was still bitter enemies, and they refused. Eventually, rumors spread
That's a sign of a family your loved one who still hadn't returned had been killed. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam took the pledge of the companions. And then later, the rumors were dispelled. And this led to a stalemate, the British refused to allow them entry and have out of the alumni who refuse to return to Medina. Eventually there was a negotiation between the Moroccans and the Muslims. And this resulted in the treaty or the truce of today via a truce which, on the surface, was totally in favor of the operation
and was rather lopsided, and in fact quite disadvantageous to the Muslims. But the profits and the love it was seldom accepted. And later Allah revealed verses of the Quran which confirmed to him that that truce of her baby in the sixth year of hedger was actually a victory for him. And enough of him will be in verily we have
scored a decisive victory, a clear decisive victory for you. And the meaning of this verse will become clear as we study the Hadees.
As part of that truth, they be the two city states of Medina Now lay down their arms and entered into a 10 year truce, during which they were allowed free passage and without fear of harassment.
And the Muslims could resume their trade from Makkah to the north to Sham because this was their livelihood. And in those six years from the time of the Hitler, till the Treaty of today via although the Moroccans attempted to trade, it was very risky, whichever route they took, whether it was from mud gutter, Sham, direct north, or whether it was from mcda to Iraq, northeast, either way, the Muslims of Medina who they're anti tribes would lay
siege to their caravans would chase them and would engage them in battle.
And that's exactly what happened in the Battle of budder in the second year of hedger. It was the same abuse of young who led a trade caravan from Makkah, up north to Sham on the return Jen, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam set out with over 300 men. In order to intercept this trade caravan, Abu Sufyan cleverly verged, and took a detour to the right, ie returning south and therefore he ran parallel to the Red Sea on the coast. The Muslims missed him. The caravan was safe, but the array issue had come out of Makkah in order to defend the caravan. They now persisted. And they said we will face the mccanns this eventually led to the Battle of better. So the background to
the Battle of better was the same trade caravan, under the leadership of a boss of yarn from Makkah, to Sham, so after this Treaty of Westphalia in the 16th of July, the Muslims now felt at ease, and they were allowed free passage without fear of being molested or harassed in any way. So also young led a caravan of trade from MK aftershock.
And he says in another generation, although it's not mentioned here in this generation of body, that there was not a single household in Makkah, no man or woman who had not given me some investment in that trade caravan. So it was a huge caravan we took advantage of this treaty and truce with the Muslims. And we departed from Makkah up north to Sham and there were approximately 30 people with him in in that caravan. They were come at us. In charm, and charm. I'm going to repeat this word over and over again, because it comes in the Hades Sham
traditionally was referred to as the area today covered by Palestine,
Lebanon, the Levant, Jordan, and Syria, and even parts of Turkey, southern parts of Turkey, Anatolia. And so this whole region was traditionally called sharm. And that's what's being referred to in the Hadees. Now before we continue with the story of Abu Sufyan himself, the division of Arabia at the time was such that remember the story took place after the Treaty of Westphalia. So between the Treaty of a baby and the conquest of Makkah, possibly
In the seventh or eighth year of hygiene.
Now,
the whole of Arabia at that time was divided in such a way that the Muslims ruled Medina, the British ruled.
There were some tribes that were allies of the orange. There were other tribes that were allies of the Muslims in Medina. And there were many other tribes that were still totally independent. And that's as far as Southern Arabia is concerned, central and southern Arabia. But as far as northern Arabia is concerned, the north west of Arabia, the north and northwest of Arabia, and in fact, the Northeast, all the tribes in the north, were mainly Christian, the Blue
Ribbon will play the banjo lesson, the North Assam, these are all huge tribes in the north of Arabia, they were all predominantly Christian, and the most powerful tribe to the northwest of Arabia, in modern day, Jordan, etc, was the menorah, Hassan, Hassan and Arabs, and these were Arabs, these were proper.
Well, these were ethnic Arabs, however, they had become Christian mainly, and they were also allies, and the vassals of the Byzantine Roman Empire, to the north, and to the north east, the most powerful Arab tribe, who are again Arabs, but they were also Christian, but of a different denomination. And they were the luck means known as a blue luck. And they were the allies and the vassals of the sassanid Persian Empire to the east, in the northeast of Arabia. Now, these tribes, they acted as a buffer zone between the southern and central tribes of Arabia, and the sassanid Persian Empire and the Byzantine Roman Empire. Now,
I keep on saying Byzantine Roman Empire, and the
title of the talk is the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and heraclius, the Roman Emperor.
But we aren't speaking about the Western Roman Empire.
In the early parts of the fourth century, Constantine was the sole emperor of the whole of the Roman Empire.
But the Roman Empire had been going through huge upheavals, and it was wracked with internal conflict as well as external threats and dark under a dire economic position. So what happened is Constantine who after some civil fighting had become the sole emperor of the whole Roman Empire, he, he decided to shift his capital
and center of power from Rome, in modern day Italy, to the eastern part of the Roman Empire. And there was a city there known as Byzantium. And that's where modern day to stand bull is. So he he chose Byzantium as the city for his new capital. And he developed Byzantium and establishes new capital there, which he named after himself, Constantinople. So an Arabic it's referred to as porcelain Dini. So Byzantium was an ancient Greek city in the modern day city of Istanbul, in 330, of the Christian calendar.
Constantine shifted his capital capital there, and developed the city and named it Constantinople.
Ever since then, because Constantine was a very powerful Emperor. In fact, he's famous for many reasons, including the fact that he was instrumental in establishing modern day Christianity as predominantly practiced throughout the world because he sets up a Council of Nicea in 325, just five years before the establishing of Constantinople. He sets up a Council of Nicea, which I've referred to in previous commentaries of the Hadeeth in which he had his Council of clergy and bishops, etc, declare all the other scriptures and gospels to be non canonical, and heretical. And these four were chosen the gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and john, were chosen in order to form the core of the
New Testament. And all of the gospels were declared heretical, and many of these other gospels contain details about the Prophet Musa alayhis salaam, many
But not to be found in the four gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and john. So he was famous for many reasons, he was the one who publicly declared his conversion from Roman paganism to Christianity. And ever since then,
Christianity was preferred, and eventually became the state religion. And that's why only after the time of Constantine, and after the establishing of Constantinople, was Christianity permanently linked with the Roman Empire. So he was famous for many reasons. And that's
that's the history of Constantinople. And that's why you feature so prominently in this heavy now later, at the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. The after Constantine declared Constantinople to be his new capital, the Western Roman Empire fell into decline. In fact, it was invaded by the northern Europeans and more than one occasion, Rome was sacked on a number of occasions. So the center of power, culture, learning em Christianity, became the eastern part of the Roman Empire, they're buying that from them are known as the Byzantine Roman Empire. So when I say Byzantine Roman Empire, that's what I'm speaking of.
At the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was born in 570. c, and heraclius, was born five years after him.
And eventually, he came to rule and he came to power, around about the same time that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam declared his prophet
but actually before that, but he, he, although he rose to power, he wasn't able to consolidate his rule, until around about the same time that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam and announced his profits. In any case, heraclius became the Byzantine Roman Empire and is very famous for a number of reasons. He was highly intelligent, in fact, of all so fiance's in one duration, but I have never met a man more intelligent than your axios. So, and he's famous for many reasons, because there's military campaigns against the Persians. Now, during that time, a lot was happening and mentioning this because all of this was happening in the background. And it was paving the way for the Prophet
sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and this habit of the alarm.
And some of this is even referenced in the Quran.
Even before the hedgerows, even before the emigration
once the Muslims were just a small group of people in Makkah, they would receive reports of what was happening up north because Arabia was always a battleground for the influence of the surrounding Empire.
And
the Byzantine Roman Empire here actually his himself was in a constant state of war
with and his predecessor with the Persian Empire. Now,
the Byzantines were Christian people of the book people of Scripture, and the Persians was our Astrium fire worshippers, magazines, and they were regarded as being pagans and polytheists. So even before the hedger, a small group of Muslims and MacArthur macabre, they actually identified with the Byzantine Romans and the orangish, the pagan Arabs, they identified with the Persians, and with these battles award that have been a constant state of war, intimate into war between the Persian Empire and the Byzantine Roman Empire for hundreds of years. And again, at the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam things were flaring up. So during that time, while some Muslims were
few,
a handful in Makkah, the Persians scored a huge victory over the Romans, and they captured most of their land, including Jerusalem.
And they even carried away the True Cross which Christians traditionally believed was the same cross in which the Prophet Isa alayhis salaam was crucified although Muslims don't believe that.
So the True Cross was carried away by the Persians, Jerusalem was ransacked.
Jerusalem was sacked and heraclius
His whole empire shrunk to such a degree that he took refuge in Constantinople. And the only area of control he had was in Constantinople.
He was besieged in zone City. In fact, he even thought of fleeing Constantinople, and traveling to Carthage and North Africa and abandoning the capital city altogether. That's how dire things were. At that time, the Persians began taunting the Muslims and saying, see, our pagan brothers, the Persians, they overwhelmed and vanquish your brothers in faith, the Christians, you are People of the Scripture just like they are you believe in one God, you believe in monotheism just as they do. And we believe in policy policies and we are pagans. So if your God was true,
I'm only repeating their tones. If your God was true, why did he allow the Persians, our brothers in paganism, and polytheism, to defeat your brethren, in monotheism, and in in Scripture. So the Muslims were
not only offended, but quite overwhelmed by this last panel with data revealed verses of the poor and the beginning of sort of doctrine.
And the whole sort of has been named after this beginning verse. And that's why it's called the Romans. So this is what the surah is referring to at the beginning of the Surah At least last panel Donna says le flam mean holy battle room. Fie Adnan out of the womb in Baghdad.
Feed me the llama Roman abdomen bad way Almighty
Allah in Seoul, Romania,
y de la la la Wagga.
The moon Yeah, the Mona Lisa
dunia
Allah subhanho wa Taala says le flam mean, the Romans have been defeated.
In a land close by, but they after their defeat, will soon try.
To allow belongs the affair both before and after.
And on that day, meaning on the day of the triumph of the Romans, the believer shall rejoice.
By the assistance of Allah, He assists whom He wills and he is almighty All Merciful. This is the promise of Allah. And Allah does not fail in this promise. But most people do not know. They only know the appearance of the worldly life, and they are heedless and neglectful of the hearer. So Allah revealed these verses in which he made a promise that the Romans would defeat the Persians. And at the time, he looked impossible, because the
the Romans had been overrun throughout their round throughout all their regions. In fact, heraclius had even thought of abandoning his capital and fleeing the continents.
And the Muslims awaited that day when the rolls will be reversed, and the Romans would defeat the Persians. And it did happen, but many, many years later, eventually, the Romans did defeat the Persians in a series of striking military campaigns. And this is why heraclius is famed as a military leader, because he was quite successful in totally reversing the fate of the Byzantine Roman Empire. And after being besieged in his own capital, and even intending to flee it, there came a time within a few years when he defeated the Persian Empire in their realm. And in order to pay homage, and thanks to God, he made a pilgrimage on foot to Jerusalem.
And remarkably, it was when he arrived in Jerusalem
that he received the letter of the prophecy.
So this was the background. Now
of course, you can relate to this heavy and
at that time when he had this experience of all Sofia and wasn't Muslim either, he only embraced Islam the eighth year of hedger at the time of the conquest of Mecca.
Now before
allow me to actually begin the heavy so as I said earlier, have all sorts of young people to help informed and delighted members of the alumni
Homer, that you're up here Atlas.
Absolutely, if you're I mean Quraysh, that you're actually a sent word to him or sent a messenger to him in a caravan of the British. Now,
for those of you who are following the Hades,
I'd like you to skip to the later part of the heavy where the words are
stackable aelia We're here
for the rest of us.
In order to understand the heavy, there's a bit of background,
more background, and that's actually mentioned in the heavy. So let me explain directly as being Roman and Byzantine Roman Emperor. He was also very, a very devout Christian.
And he actually used to study the his Christian scriptures.
But he also used to dabble in soothsaying, fortune telling and astrology.
And what happened is, that when he arrived in
Jerusalem,
to unfold as a pilgrimage,
to pay thanks to Allah for his victory over the Persians,
although he should have been elated, and overjoyed, and he wants, triumphant, proud,
joyous and grateful to God.
However, one day, all of a sudden, he woke up,
Ill tempered.
For some time before that, because he was a soothsayer, he also had knowledge of the Christian scriptures.
And he dabbled in fortune telling.
He had been reading the stars, he had been looking at
the astrological sounds, he had been conferring with his astrologers, and other fortune tellers and soothsayers and looking at the scriptures.
And many things led him
to believe that something great was about to happen.
One man,
he dreamt. And the next morning when he woke up, he was very ill tempered. And that's what's referred to in the study. So those of you who are reading towards the end of the Hadith that says, what kind of novel Sahaba elior were heroes, support from Allah Masada, Sham, you had this. So it's mentioned that.
So he says last night, in some narrations, as mentioned that his sort of dream and in this narration, it just says that he was consulting the astrologers and looking at the zodiacal signs themselves. And he realized, and he was convinced that what he saw was that the king of the circumcised people
is rising to power has become powerful.
And so the next morning he woke up, when he summoned when he convened his court, he questioned his court, his his patriarchs as petitions, and bishops, generals.
And they said to him, that
he said, Who are the people who are circumcised.
So they said, only the Jews are circumcised, and he related his conviction to them, or he related his belief to them. And they said, only the Jews are circumcised, but you don't have anything to fear from them. If you do fear from them, just send your generals out and your armies out to all parts of the land and kill all the Jews. And therefore this threats will be overcome.
And at that time, one of the Sun kings, the Arab, the Sun King, he sent word to heraclius in Jerusalem, telling him about the profits of the law.
And he learns about the prophets of Allah hiding himself. And then he realized that it's not the Jews are being referred to the circumcised people, but rather he said to the Arabs or the Arab circumcised, and they said yes. So he realized that he was the king of the hours, but you still didn't know.
Then, at that time after the Treaty of where they be, the province of the love it was symptoms began
sending messages to different rulers
to
bolt this the patriarch of Egypt
to
the Persian Emperor, and even to her Atticus.
And eventually, whilst heraclius was in Jerusalem, he received the letter of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and this was after he had questioned his courtiers about the uncircumcised people, sorry, circumcised people, and his visions and his believe, because of astrology, about the prophets and the love it was another question here, which I will answer in more detail when we actually come to that point in the Hadith, that why are we referring to stop astrology? And why is it mentioned in the Hadees? And how could heraclius tell?
Or we learn from a number of narrations that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said that the jinn
would eavesdrop?
And the evil shouting, and the evil depth and the devils would eavesdrop and try to gain
celestial information, and they will try to gain information related to the occult and the supernatural. And they would relay this information to their friends and allies and counterparts amongst the human population. However, last panel, a banner puts a stop to that. But the sheer beans still attempt to do so. But they are unsuccessful. What they do manage sometimes is to catch a word or two here and there.
And what they do is that they take that one word
and they mix it with 100 laughs
So, there is some truth to the fact that when people dabble in the supernatural, and in the occult, they are able to gain some glimpses. An example of that is, even though so yeah.
Even last year was a very strange character. He was just a child at the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was very suspicious of him.
And one day,
the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam went with Barbara de la. He lived in Medina. And when he went to the Barbara de la Han, to look for this young lad, who was known as ignacia Yeah. So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam tread very carefully,
and he was lying down in a hammock,
mumbling something to himself, muttering to himself.
So as the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam crept up to him, his mother shouted out that oh here is Mohammed.
So the prophets of Allah when he was alerted to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, he went to him and with him was even above or the alarm. So the province that Lola Heidi who suddenly questioned him interrogated him.
And then also the law had a history that was alarm said to him.
I've thought of a word.
Tell me what it is. I've conceal the word.
And the word that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam concealed was the Han.
Verse of the Quran, in which Allah speaks about the harm from which the surah has been named, to harm, the harm smoke. So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam
chose the word de Haan.
She said I've kept a word in mind what is it? Even though he was a child he be he couldn't get all of it straight away except to the province of the love it was seldom, though don't say got half the word.
So a lot more happened. See that? Barbara de la horn as ever said Dr. Sol, Allah grants me permission.
So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to him, no leave.
For if he is, if he isn't, then you will harm an innocent soul. And if he is the jar, then you wouldn't be able to affect him in any way. So he
even managed to catch half the word in the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was mind though. And this is why sometimes we hear of people who are able to proceed dreams.
Have something that's about to happen.
Or they are able to say something.
And it's not entirely true, but it's partially true. And in the province of the law legal system clearly explains us that the shape of the mix 99 lies with one truth, one truth have known. And this is what they feed to their friends. And so people tend to focus on the one truth and even all the 99 lies, if it ever comes true.
So his practice, was able to gather that something great was about to happen. He didn't know the details, but what do you mean, what he learned from everything that he saw, and that he dreamt was that there was a king of the circumcise people who has now risen to power. And when was this at the time of the after for the baby. And remember what I said, even though Morocco was still in the hand of the operation, did not the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam say to them after the fifth year, in the fifth year of hijra, that after the battle for the idea, that after this day, they will never march against us, we shall march against them. And after the Treaty of Arabia, did not allow
revealed to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. Enough, because of who will Vina verily we have scored a decisive and clear victory for you. And even more, so how about the love question? That is a victory or messenger of Allah? And he said, Yes, indeed, that's true. So are they be is a victory. So the Hadith merely relates what heraclius was able to gather, though he didn't have detailed knowledge of it. And what the headings try and show is that at that time, signs were appearing all over the world,
about the profits on the line.
And it was with that backdrop, that when he then received the letter he then so he consulted his patriarchs and petitions and colleagues, they said to him, it's the Arabs who are circumcised.
He then said,
he then received a messenger from the cassani King, who was his Allah, Who related information about the prophets of Allah, Allah who sent him to him. Shortly after that.
The Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam, because of the Treaty of Arabia and the time of peace. When he sent letters to all these rulers, he sent a letter to heraclius to, and he sent it with, he sent it with a companion, known as digital can be rhodiola, the hypno halifa will tell me now
that he was from the tribe have been been killed by one of these northern tribes to so that he can be rhodiola and took the letter to the governor of Basra and the governor of Basra then
sent the letter to heraclius. He received it, he read it, but he couldn't make he didn't know how to respond at the time.
And therefore, he left the letter.
But
he wanted to inquire more about the profits of the Law Center. So he received the letter he didn't believe. But having read the letter, he summoned his courtiers again and said to them, that
during we know of any Arabs, here
who know anything about this man who claims to be a prophet,
so they said, No.
So he said, turn the whole of Sham inside out, and see if you can locate any Arabs who know anything about this man in detail.
So then he was told
that well, he sent his
soldiers, and they went to different parts of Sham
at that time, of all Sofia was with this caravan of 30 people in the house.
And the husband was a famous port of trade even then. So they were in the port city of Gaza. And whilst they were trading there, he says, all of a sudden, the soldiers came, and they grabbed all 30 of us, and hold us to Jerusalem. And then we were taken into the Royal Court of heraclius. And we were made to sit down in front of him. And that's when he began to question. So this is the backdrop heraclius
and learns a few things about the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam he had received the letter and upon receiving the letter
He now wants to know more. He summoned a recipient who was in Gaza at the time on a trade mission with 30 of his fellow machines. And he was summoned to the Royal Court of heraclius. Now we may continue. So also fiance's under hirak law,
Iraq.
Iraqi a sense for him. Amongst the caravan of the bridge, there were about 30 people in that caravan. What government did our ambition, and they were traders ensure
that it cannot lie Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam Matt Duffy heard about Sophia. And they were traders in Shanghai and specifically where we learn from other narrations that they were in Gaza. It was a famous trading port city at the time. And the Arabs always used to refer to Gaza as a result of hashing. Because if you recall, I mentioned to you a few months ago, that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam his great grandfather Hashem on a trading mission. He died in Gaza, and he's buried there. So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam his great grandfather, the father of abdomen. His father was Abdullah, whose father was Abdullah Talib, whose father was harsh. So Hashem
the great grandfather of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was a famous trader, and he he died on a trade mission while he himself was in Gaza. So the Arabs always used to refer to after that they used to refer to her not just as a wrestler, but because of the hashing meaning of hashing. So Abu sufian was
filled with the Tila Tikka Masala hasta la la who said the Mad the fee How about Sophia will prefer Porush perish during that period in which the prophets of Allah lahardee, who was the messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam had agreed a truce with Abu sufian and the unbelievers of the Quraysh. And that truce was for 10 years, the treaty or the vs that for 10 years, we will have a truce
for a total war who will be aelia. So they came to heraclius to be aelia, once they were at elior. elior is Jews.
Now why do the Arabs call? Why is it called elior in the heavy is because elior is the Arabic form of ala.
And ala was the Roman name for Jerusalem, Jerusalem in 70 ad.
And in one third 580 when there were riots, Jerusalem was demolished, the populace was suppressed. And Jerusalem was demolished, most of it by the Roman rulers,
and then Hadrian, who rebuilt Jerusalem.
When he rebuilt it instead of calling it Jerusalem.
He called it by a Roman name. And it was therefore called ala.
And for many centuries, it was known as ala. And that's why the Arabs also called the elior eliades, the Arabic version of ala, which was the official Roman name for Jerusalem.
Jerusalem means the city of peace.
Jerusalem, salaam, the latter part of it has to do with Salaam, Medina to Salaam, and all.
All just means city. So originally was called urrutia. Land, all Shalane meaning the city of peace. And that's why it's called Jerusalem we call it beta mock this or albedo mock up this, the sacred city, the holy city, but the Romans called it after the demolition of most of Jerusalem. When they rebuilt it, they decided to give it a new name altogether. And he was given a Roman name. It wasn't called Jerusalem, which was a traditional Hebrew name. So they call the
pronunciation and the Arabs called the Ilia. So when we say earlier in the heavies, we're just using the Roman name for beta macness for Jerusalem, for adult who won't be Elian, so they came to heraclius whilst they were in aelia, meaning Jerusalem for their album three images. So
of all Sophia him and his 30 companions were ushered into the Great Hall of the Royal Palace in Jerusalem. And they were then made to sit down in front we learned from another Hadith in Bukhari that they will meet to sit down in front of heraclius and
The Royal Court was fought
over the mountain and around iraklis where the dignitaries have rung.
Then heraclius call them are you closer with the arbitrable germani. And he called his interpreter for arm and then through the interpreter. He's now having a conversation with this whole group. So he said to them, ask them
on behalf of Rajan Allah He is unknown Abby,
who
is closest in lineage
to this man who claims to be a prophet. Remember he had already received the letter of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam also can didn't notice and also found was an unbeliever at the time, nor did he know why he was being summoned.
So he said to the interpreter, ask them, who of you is closest in lineage to this man who claims to be a prophet for partner of all Sophia arms, Sufyan said for also I said, acaba who
I am the closest to him in lineage. Now, let me say a bit about Abu Sufyan as well before we continue. Abu Sofia
was a cousin of Rasulullah sallallahu it was sent them
and at this time, he was slightly older than the prophets of Allah, it was,
according some narrations, he was 10 years old than the prophets of Allah It was.
It was very intelligent, a great trader and businessman, and one of the merchant class of the orange. And in Makkah, he sat in the council of elders, along with all the other leaders of all gehele.
About shaver
will either Maria
and others.
Oh, my.
But he was, he wasn't as old as the others. Now, also fiam
was more of a trader at the time, but he still opposed the profits of the law it was
before the Battle of but
he wasn't as prominent because of the others, the more senior older and more powerful leaders have the courage. But what happened in the Battle of that is that the elite of the operational line
so Abu sufian, then rose to prominence and he then more or less became the leader of Mecca after the Battle of better not before.
And he wasn't present in the Battle of butter because remember, he had
he was on that caravan trade caravan returning from Sharon, and then he stayed in Mecca. But the next year in the Battle of Abu Sufyan led the crash against the Muslims. He was the lead. In the fifth year of hijacking the Battle of the trench, he was a lead.
And therefore after the Treaty of Abia, on this occasion, he was still one of the greatest leaders of Makkah, if not the outrights, lead.
And he was he was, he was a relative of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, I might explain to you how. So when heraclius said Who of you is closest in lineage to this man who claims to be a prophet.
I've also found said I am now he was, he was the leader of the trade caravan anyway. But he also said I'm the closest to
the prophet or to Mohammed who claims to be a prophet. Now, as I said earlier, heraclius was intelligent.
And he had knowledge of the Scriptures. And his questions reveal that too. So why did he say
that who is closest in lineage?
he deliberately asked that question so that he could pick the right person to question
so that this person would speak the truth, not only would he know him very closely, because he would be a relative, but he would also at least not attack his lineage and question his honor and dignity.
In this day and age, lineage ancestry may not mean much because of the difference in culture. But at that time for Muslims non Muslims for Arabs non Arabs alive, lineage and ancestry bloodline meant a lot
So, very intelligently and wisely he asked who is the closest team in lineage? So that anyone who had questions about the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam would not simply attack his lineage. Mr. heraclius wanted the truth. So Abu Sufyan said, I'm the closest to him and lineage. And although it's not mentioned in this narration in another generation of Bihari heraclius asked him again through the interpreter, that What's your relationship?
So he said he is my cousin.
Now he was his cousin, brother, but not first because he was third cousin to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and after that whole group, why was he the closest because abuse of young his father's name was, in fact his own name was.
His father's name was Harold. his grandfather's name was Romania. And his great grandfather's name was amta shrimps, and abolitionists was the brother of hash who died in Gaza. So, if you look at the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam Abu Sophia, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam his father, Abdullah Abu Sufyan his father help, they were second cousins. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam his father Abdulmutallab helps Father omiya they were first cousins.
prophets Abdullah Philip's father, the prophets of the lungs, whose great grandfather Hashem and Romania's father was at the shops of the chanson Hashem were Blood Brothers, the sons of abdominal, so he was his third cousin, and their great grandfather's abuse of yams great grandfather, Uncle chumps, and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam his great grandfather, Hashem were Blood Brothers, full brothers, sons of abdominals.
And he himself says in that other generation of Bacardi, that in that whole group, there was none no one of the children of abdominals except me.
So he said, I'm the closest to him in lineage football. So Hera iraklia said, add more harmony
bring him closer to me, whatever it was had, and bring his companions closer
and placed them behind his back
why it's against mentioned in the narration, but he did that. So that all Sophia will speak the truth
and hits things from our little drum and then he said to his interpreter, tell them good luck and tell them in the circle on harder and harder Rajan.
I'm going to question this man, meaning that also Fianna about this man meaning Mohammed who claims to be a profit, for income, then he forgets the blue. So if he lies to me, then you belie him.
And he did, it didn't put them face to face again very wisely. It's also from sitting in front of him. And he told the whole group of 30 behind him.
So that also fan wouldn't know what they are saying, or what they are motioning and signaling even with their hands or their faces.
And then heraclius said, I'm going to question him if he lives,
he would immediately be able to tell if any one of the group of 30 revealed
that he is lying.
Also fiance's for a lie. So by a law, low level, higher, I mean, in your throat through
if it wasn't for the shame,
that they would, quote, a lie from me about the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam LA, I would have lied against
because he was his enemy.
But the Arabs
still had
a certain protocol.
We still had the honor and dignity.
They were fierce better than warriors.
But they were also chivalrous, and they had this concept of chivalry, which meant
that they had certain codes of honor. And one of them was that they wouldn't lie.
They considered lying to be beneath. They would rather die than lie.
And it was embarrassing was shameful. That's why he's
says, in fact, he trusted his colleagues so much that you can tell from the words of the Hadeeth. He says, if it wasn't for the shame, not that they would reject me, or that they would quote me. So what he knew is that we are a close knit group, we are a bonded group. Even if I lie, they won't reveal that to heraclius. They won't let Tom to heraclius that online, they'll defend me.
Even though they may defend me here or not reveal to heraclius that I'm lying. Later, they may go back and tell someone that you lied.
And that would be something deeply embarrassing and shameful.
Even for a man likable, Sophia, who was a bitter enemy of the prophets, ally, it was Sunday.
But he lied against his enemy. They wouldn't lie against them.
They would rather dive into it. So he says, if it wasn't for the shame
of them, quoting me lying about the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam I would have surely lied against him. But he did.
Then,
as I said, there was a code of honor. And all Sophia was one of those. In fact, the arrows were like that.
They were such when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam returned from bife Naaman wish to give him protection.
One of the poor he wasn't a Muslim,
decided to give the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam protection. He went out and full armor
with his clan members, and he escorted the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam to the heroine, and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam commonly performed.
This was when he returned from barf in approximately the 51st year of hedger, a story of his life when he gained no protection after the death of his uncle.
So
there was that sense of honor that I give protection. Even someone
who is of a different people of different clan, have also found himself even though he was an enemy of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. His daughter had embraced Islam. And amla his daughter, who Scania who's Mojave barra de la Honda. She emigrated to Abba senior from Makkah,
and when she emigrated to Abyssinia there, her husband will be the life mustache. The brother of Zane have been to Joshua the alarm
and the cousin brother the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, he, he died. And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam then sent word to an the joshy negus, the emperor of Amazonia to propose to Habiba the alarm on how the daughter of a bull Sophia name was amla. And since she had a daughter from obey the law known as Habiba, she was known as Habiba. So she accepted the proposal of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and enough scented the emperor of Abyssinia. He performed the nigga for us all Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
He wasn't present messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was in Medina. Viva la Vida was in a senior. Now, when abou Sophia who was an enemy of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam whose daughter had in his view flat Abyssinia
and his enter and now he learns that she has married his bitter enemy, the one who he
fights against leads armies against when he learned that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam had married his daughter. Do you know what he said? This was their sense of honor. He said
she has married a worthy man.
She has married a worthy man.
So he feared being quoted
that if they have a quote about me that I have lied.
That shame and embarrassment prevented him from lying about profits and the love.
And then here because then from this moment onwards begins the actual questioning various questions about the prophets of Allah Almighty or some of them and his message. I end with this May Allah Subhana Allah enable us to understand me He allows us to appreciate the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, as he should be appreciated or some of the love was something that he would have sold
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