Mustafa Khattab – Tafsir Gems 6 Muhkam & Mutashabih

We'll keep it short inshallah about 15 minutes,

plus GST.

So,

So when we speak about tafsir,

we come across this concept of the Ayat

Muqtamat

and the other ones that are Muqtamat

So what does the ayah talk about? So

Allah

in this ayah, in Sura 3,

the first

few ayahs in the Sura, Allah

speaks about tribulations,

the fact that He revealed the Quran and

the Torah and the Injil and so on

and so forth

Then in the ayat from 4 to 6

He talks about

this concept of

ayat, gamat and watashabihat I'm gonna give the

definition

and examples of each. So Allah

says that the ayat in the Quran

are of 2 types. 1 of them is

Murkim, and the other one is Mutashabi.

And

they

are

the they are very precise. They are very

clear.

They

are

very

clear.

They are very clear to understand, and they

are very straightforward.

They disagree on the Ayat al Mutashabihat.

What does Mutashabi mean in this,

in this ayah?

So when it comes to the Ayat,

the Ulema have generally 2 different

interpretations of the meaning of this word. We

said that mohkam is precise.

One of the understandings

is,

that it is not very,

it's very, what is the word? Elusive, like,

general. That can be understood in different ways.

Another example of the first one when Allah

Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala says,

It's very clear what Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala

means.

Makes Allah, gives Zakah, end of story.

If it says that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala

sent Muhammad

as the last Prophet,

it's very clear. He sent the last Prophet.

Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala said that He created

human beings from mud, and He created, the

jinn from fire, and so on and so

forth. It's very clear. Right? And so on

and so forth.

Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala created us from Adam

and Eve.

It's it's very clear, it's very straightforward.

So it doesn't say that, Adam alayhi salam

evolved from a monkey and so on and

so forth, as they say in the theory

of evolution for example. It's very straightforward.

Bil amri al mu bashir kun khalas, end

of

story.

It's very clear. It's very straightforward.

Everyone can understand the meaning of the Ayah.

Whether you are, you have a PhD from

Harvard, Yale, U of T, or you are

in in grade 2. Right? Everyone knows the

meaning.

It's

very

straightforward.

So the Ulema have, 2 different opinions regarding

Al,

Mutashabe,

the elusive Ayah. They are not very clear

and can be understood in different ways.

So those with deviant opinions

and

they interpret the ayah based on, their,

desire

to prove that the Quran has issues. I'll

give an example before we talk about the

second type.

If someone, for example, wants to prove the

trinity from the Quran,

they say it's very easy. Just read the

Quran,

It is we who will reveal the Quran,

and it is we who will protect it

or preserve it. It says right there, we,

so it's more than one.

Because you don't talk like this, you don't

say, we the imam, we this, right? You

say I.

Those with proper understanding, they know that this

style is is commonly used in Arabic, in

English, in French, in German, in Urdu, in

most languages of the world. They call it

the royal wig. It shows respect.

It shows respect. Just like when the Queen

of England speaks, she doesn't say I the

Queen, she says we the Queen,

as a sign of respect.

And Just one guy. This is we. Right?

Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has more right to

use this style in the Quran. It's a

sign of respect and

greatness.

But there's nothing wrong with this. I studied

German for 5 years and the

It seems like I wasted 5 years of

my life.

Right? I remember one sentence that I will

never forget.

Seems like I forgot this one too.

Yeah, it says, Vaashishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnish.

If I don't know something, it doesn't bother

me. Like, say for example, if I don't

know if the jinn give birth or lay

eggs, it's not hurting me in any way.

If I don't know if Shaitan whispers in

the left ear or the right ear, it

doesn't bother me that much.

It doesn't matter to me if we live

on the moon, which

which way the will be. It doesn't matter,

it doesn't bother me, If I don't know

something, it is not very important to me,

it doesn't bother me.

They say,

It means, how are you guys doing? You're

talking to 1 guy.

Like in French. Right?

It's a it's in the plural because you

you show respect when you talk to someone

in the plural. Right? So Allah subhanahu wa

ta'ala

has more right to respect and greatness than

anyone else. So this is one thing. The

other thing is,

every single time

So listen to this, this is the rule

of thumb.

So Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala in one ayah

speaks about Himself in the singular twice,

and speaks about Himself in the plural twice.

Okay, another example.

So every single time

If every time Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala sees

we or us,

100%,

every single time either before or after he

would say I or he or Allah to

show you that he is 1.

So that he's not talking about multiple gods,

he's talking about 1. So Allah Subhanahu Wa

Ta'ala makes sure to speak about himself in

the singular either before or after. Just like

the two examples I gave, and then this

is very common in the Quran.

This style is very common in Arabic Tifaat,

which is,

Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala will speak about himself,

as a singular, then he talks about himself

in the plural, then he will talk about

himself in the singular.

This change in the style

attracts people's attention,

and he chose their greatness and the might

of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. Yes, he is

1,

but he is the most powerful. Because some

people think if he's 1,

there's nothing he can do. Like, he's just

1.

And every single time, and this is very

deep.

Every single time it says Allah is Wahid

in the Quran,

it comes with another name of Allah Subhanahu

Wa Ta'ala, il Kahar. The Supreme. Yes, He

is 1, but He is the Most Powerful.

Because some people think, Ah, He is 1,

what can he do? No, no, no. He's

the 1, but He is the Supreme.

If it says that Allah

said, if it says, We sent rain,

we would preserve the Quran, it doesn't mean

plural, it means 1. And Allah

is using the royal wing.

So, for another example, we're almost done.

Another example,

It's the Prophet, Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala is

telling the Prophet

So when it says in the Quran, you,

Muhammad, cannot guide whoever you want,

and another surah, the end of Surah Surah,

it says, you, Muhammad, you guide

to the Surat al Mustaqim. So, you know,

it doesn't add up here. One says, you

can't guide, you don't guide, and the other

one said, you really guide.

So those with deviant hearts, according to the

Ayat, they say you see? A big contradiction

there. But those with Sureiman, they say, Hidayah

there are 2 types of Hidayah.

Hidayah

of showing the way

whether you take it or not, it's up

to you. Like, say for example, someone is

using the GPS and they got lost.

And if they ask me and I tell

them, you know, if you take a riot,

a glinting, and you go to her and

tell you,

I'm not going with you, and I'm not

forcing you to go. I'm just showing you

either way, whether you take it or not,

it's up to you.

The second Hidayah, and of course this is

the job of the prophet to show us

the way,

and this is the meaning of you guide

through the straight path. But if it says

you don't guide,

this is Hidayah to Tawfiq. They actually become

believers, and this is only from Allah. Allah

Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala calls it,

And no one can do this except Allah

subhanahu wa ta'ala.

And as we mentioned a few days ago,

Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala guided

the wife of Raon.

She had the worst company ever, and she

became believer.

Ibrahim Alaihi Salam, his father, Kavir.

Nuh Alaihi Salam, his son Kavir. Lut Alaihi

Salam, his wife, Kavir. And so on and

so forth.

To show us that Hidayah is only from

Allah, not from the prophets. They just show

the way. If people take it Alhamdulillah, if

they don't take it, khalas, this is hidayah

in the hands of Allah.

And so on and so forth. The examples

are so many, I don't want to take

much of your time, but I'll refer to

the second time very quickly.

Allah No one knows the interpretation of the

ayat except Allah. So this is a second

type.

So the second type for example,

in Muhamkumat

Allah

is 1, khalas. There is no question.

But Al Mutashabe,

the meaning is not very, very clear. What

does Allah

mean? And we leave this completely to

Allah because we have no clue.

And if you really know the meaning, it

will not benefit you in dunya or Afrah,

because if this is something that will benefit

you in Afrah or dunya, Allah

and the Prophet would have told us the

interpretation.

Yeah, and he say for example, if Allah

says

pray, make salah, and give zakah, and they

don't give us any details in the Quran

or the Sunnah. Mushkilakabirah.

Because you have to know how to pray.

But if Allah

says,

Hamim,

Yaseem.

Do you think it will hurt you in

Dunya or Aqra, if you don't know the

meaning of Hamim, Tasim, Miem, Alif, Lamra? It

doesn't bother you. I mean, it's it doesn't

detract from your faith in any way, if

you don't know the meaning.

If you don't know how Allah Subhanahu Wa

Ta'ala makes his Tua on the Aash, how

Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala establishes or rises over

his throne.

Doesn't bother me. Right? This is up to

Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala. It says that Allah

Subhanahu wa ta'ala has a hand.

He has a face according to the Quran.

What does it look like? How many fingers?

We don't know. If it has fingers or

not, how many eyes? We have no clue.

It's all to Allah

This will not affect my faith in any

way.

The Day of Judgment.

When is the Yawah coming? We don't know,

like could be tomorrow, could after 10 years,

and and so on and so forth. It

doesn't affect my faith in any way. And

as we mentioned before, the Halema have interpretations.

And

don't tell, 1 minute, so don't shoot. They

they have different interpretations, but at the end

of the day they say only Allah knows.

We have no clue. Yeah. You say for

example,

It could be, Anallahu Ara. Am Allah and

I see. If it talks about Al Ghayb,

something that no one knows except Allah. And

if it says Alif Lamim Anallahu aalamu, you'll

find the interpretations in Khortobi ibn Kathir, other

books. They they give the interpretations,

and they say, Abdulay ibn Abbas said it

could mean this, but the Al is left

to Allah

Another way of interpretation, and I mentioned this

before,

and

you feel like it's working,

but again, Al Al is left to Allah

They say that these letters, haruf al muqattaafibidayat

the Sur,

is the legend, like the legend of a

map. The legend of the map, or the

table of contents

for the Surah.

And the example they use, they say every

time you see these letters at the beginning

of a Surah,

it is referring to the names of the

prophets mentioned inside.

And I tested it, and for the most

part it works. So every time you see

Meem at the beginning of the Surah, Tasim

Meem,

Hamim, Aliflam Meem, 100% Musa alaihis salaam is

mentioned inside.

And if you look for example at Kaf

Haya insot, Kaf Zakariyah,

Harun,

Iron, and so on, and so

forth. So this is one time with one

interpretation.

We don't know if this is the right

understanding or not, we leave it to Allah

Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. We have no clue because

at the end of the day, it doesn't

add to your faith and it doesn't detract

from your faith.

We say, Sami Anahu Wa Ta'ala, we believe

in it, the meaning is left to Allah

Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, Namaru,

bil Mukham, waroop minu'biltashabi.

We,

apply, we

practice what is Muhamkam, what is very precise,

Hakimu Sala, Adru Zakat Allah is 1, and

so on and so forth, Muhammad Rasool Allah.

We apply and we practice this, and we

believe in the Muhamkam,

Taasim,

Meem Hamim, how Allah established himself on the

throne, the day of

Judgment, His Faith, His hand, we believe in

them.

What do they look like? We have no

clue, we just accept them.

We will know. So we leave this to

Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, We ask Allah Subhanahu

Wa Ta'ala to, give us beneficial knowledge, we

ask Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala,