Mustafa Khattab – Tafsir Gems 6 Muhkam & Mutashabih
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The speakers discuss the meaning of the headline in the Quran, with Mur Ass valuable being the one with Mur Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass Ass
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We'll keep it short inshallah about 15 minutes,
plus GST.
So,
So when we speak about tafsir,
we come across this concept of the Ayat
Muqtamat
and the other ones that are Muqtamat
So what does the ayah talk about? So
Allah
in this ayah, in Sura 3,
the first
few ayahs in the Sura, Allah
speaks about tribulations,
the fact that He revealed the Quran and
the Torah and the Injil and so on
and so forth
Then in the ayat from 4 to 6
He talks about
this concept of
ayat, gamat and watashabihat I'm gonna give the
definition
and examples of each. So Allah
says that the ayat in the Quran
are of 2 types. 1 of them is
Murkim, and the other one is Mutashabi.
And
they
are
the they are very precise. They are very
clear.
They
are
very
clear.
They are very clear to understand, and they
are very straightforward.
They disagree on the Ayat al Mutashabihat.
What does Mutashabi mean in this,
in this ayah?
So when it comes to the Ayat,
the Ulema have generally 2 different
interpretations of the meaning of this word. We
said that mohkam is precise.
One of the understandings
is,
that it is not very,
it's very, what is the word? Elusive, like,
general. That can be understood in different ways.
Another example of the first one when Allah
Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala says,
It's very clear what Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
means.
Makes Allah, gives Zakah, end of story.
If it says that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
sent Muhammad
as the last Prophet,
it's very clear. He sent the last Prophet.
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala said that He created
human beings from mud, and He created, the
jinn from fire, and so on and so
forth. It's very clear. Right? And so on
and so forth.
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala created us from Adam
and Eve.
It's it's very clear, it's very straightforward.
So it doesn't say that, Adam alayhi salam
evolved from a monkey and so on and
so forth, as they say in the theory
of evolution for example. It's very straightforward.
Bil amri al mu bashir kun khalas, end
of
story.
It's very clear. It's very straightforward.
Everyone can understand the meaning of the Ayah.
Whether you are, you have a PhD from
Harvard, Yale, U of T, or you are
in in grade 2. Right? Everyone knows the
meaning.
It's
very
straightforward.
So the Ulema have, 2 different opinions regarding
Al,
Mutashabe,
the elusive Ayah. They are not very clear
and can be understood in different ways.
So those with deviant opinions
and
they interpret the ayah based on, their,
desire
to prove that the Quran has issues. I'll
give an example before we talk about the
second type.
If someone, for example, wants to prove the
trinity from the Quran,
they say it's very easy. Just read the
Quran,
It is we who will reveal the Quran,
and it is we who will protect it
or preserve it. It says right there, we,
so it's more than one.
Because you don't talk like this, you don't
say, we the imam, we this, right? You
say I.
Those with proper understanding, they know that this
style is is commonly used in Arabic, in
English, in French, in German, in Urdu, in
most languages of the world. They call it
the royal wig. It shows respect.
It shows respect. Just like when the Queen
of England speaks, she doesn't say I the
Queen, she says we the Queen,
as a sign of respect.
And Just one guy. This is we. Right?
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has more right to
use this style in the Quran. It's a
sign of respect and
greatness.
But there's nothing wrong with this. I studied
German for 5 years and the
It seems like I wasted 5 years of
my life.
Right? I remember one sentence that I will
never forget.
Seems like I forgot this one too.
Yeah, it says, Vaashishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnishnish.
If I don't know something, it doesn't bother
me. Like, say for example, if I don't
know if the jinn give birth or lay
eggs, it's not hurting me in any way.
If I don't know if Shaitan whispers in
the left ear or the right ear, it
doesn't bother me that much.
It doesn't matter to me if we live
on the moon, which
which way the will be. It doesn't matter,
it doesn't bother me, If I don't know
something, it is not very important to me,
it doesn't bother me.
They say,
It means, how are you guys doing? You're
talking to 1 guy.
Like in French. Right?
It's a it's in the plural because you
you show respect when you talk to someone
in the plural. Right? So Allah subhanahu wa
ta'ala
has more right to respect and greatness than
anyone else. So this is one thing. The
other thing is,
every single time
So listen to this, this is the rule
of thumb.
So Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala in one ayah
speaks about Himself in the singular twice,
and speaks about Himself in the plural twice.
Okay, another example.
So every single time
If every time Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala sees
we or us,
100%,
every single time either before or after he
would say I or he or Allah to
show you that he is 1.
So that he's not talking about multiple gods,
he's talking about 1. So Allah Subhanahu Wa
Ta'ala makes sure to speak about himself in
the singular either before or after. Just like
the two examples I gave, and then this
is very common in the Quran.
This style is very common in Arabic Tifaat,
which is,
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala will speak about himself,
as a singular, then he talks about himself
in the plural, then he will talk about
himself in the singular.
This change in the style
attracts people's attention,
and he chose their greatness and the might
of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. Yes, he is
1,
but he is the most powerful. Because some
people think if he's 1,
there's nothing he can do. Like, he's just
1.
And every single time, and this is very
deep.
Every single time it says Allah is Wahid
in the Quran,
it comes with another name of Allah Subhanahu
Wa Ta'ala, il Kahar. The Supreme. Yes, He
is 1, but He is the Most Powerful.
Because some people think, Ah, He is 1,
what can he do? No, no, no. He's
the 1, but He is the Supreme.
If it says that Allah
said, if it says, We sent rain,
we would preserve the Quran, it doesn't mean
plural, it means 1. And Allah
is using the royal wing.
So, for another example, we're almost done.
Another example,
It's the Prophet, Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala is
telling the Prophet
So when it says in the Quran, you,
Muhammad, cannot guide whoever you want,
and another surah, the end of Surah Surah,
it says, you, Muhammad, you guide
to the Surat al Mustaqim. So, you know,
it doesn't add up here. One says, you
can't guide, you don't guide, and the other
one said, you really guide.
So those with deviant hearts, according to the
Ayat, they say you see? A big contradiction
there. But those with Sureiman, they say, Hidayah
there are 2 types of Hidayah.
Hidayah
of showing the way
whether you take it or not, it's up
to you. Like, say for example, someone is
using the GPS and they got lost.
And if they ask me and I tell
them, you know, if you take a riot,
a glinting, and you go to her and
tell you,
I'm not going with you, and I'm not
forcing you to go. I'm just showing you
either way, whether you take it or not,
it's up to you.
The second Hidayah, and of course this is
the job of the prophet to show us
the way,
and this is the meaning of you guide
through the straight path. But if it says
you don't guide,
this is Hidayah to Tawfiq. They actually become
believers, and this is only from Allah. Allah
Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala calls it,
And no one can do this except Allah
subhanahu wa ta'ala.
And as we mentioned a few days ago,
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala guided
the wife of Raon.
She had the worst company ever, and she
became believer.
Ibrahim Alaihi Salam, his father, Kavir.
Nuh Alaihi Salam, his son Kavir. Lut Alaihi
Salam, his wife, Kavir. And so on and
so forth.
To show us that Hidayah is only from
Allah, not from the prophets. They just show
the way. If people take it Alhamdulillah, if
they don't take it, khalas, this is hidayah
in the hands of Allah.
And so on and so forth. The examples
are so many, I don't want to take
much of your time, but I'll refer to
the second time very quickly.
Allah No one knows the interpretation of the
ayat except Allah. So this is a second
type.
So the second type for example,
in Muhamkumat
Allah
is 1, khalas. There is no question.
But Al Mutashabe,
the meaning is not very, very clear. What
does Allah
mean? And we leave this completely to
Allah because we have no clue.
And if you really know the meaning, it
will not benefit you in dunya or Afrah,
because if this is something that will benefit
you in Afrah or dunya, Allah
and the Prophet would have told us the
interpretation.
Yeah, and he say for example, if Allah
says
pray, make salah, and give zakah, and they
don't give us any details in the Quran
or the Sunnah. Mushkilakabirah.
Because you have to know how to pray.
But if Allah
says,
Hamim,
Yaseem.
Do you think it will hurt you in
Dunya or Aqra, if you don't know the
meaning of Hamim, Tasim, Miem, Alif, Lamra? It
doesn't bother you. I mean, it's it doesn't
detract from your faith in any way, if
you don't know the meaning.
If you don't know how Allah Subhanahu Wa
Ta'ala makes his Tua on the Aash, how
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala establishes or rises over
his throne.
Doesn't bother me. Right? This is up to
Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala. It says that Allah
Subhanahu wa ta'ala has a hand.
He has a face according to the Quran.
What does it look like? How many fingers?
We don't know. If it has fingers or
not, how many eyes? We have no clue.
It's all to Allah
This will not affect my faith in any
way.
The Day of Judgment.
When is the Yawah coming? We don't know,
like could be tomorrow, could after 10 years,
and and so on and so forth. It
doesn't affect my faith in any way. And
as we mentioned before, the Halema have interpretations.
And
don't tell, 1 minute, so don't shoot. They
they have different interpretations, but at the end
of the day they say only Allah knows.
We have no clue. Yeah. You say for
example,
It could be, Anallahu Ara. Am Allah and
I see. If it talks about Al Ghayb,
something that no one knows except Allah. And
if it says Alif Lamim Anallahu aalamu, you'll
find the interpretations in Khortobi ibn Kathir, other
books. They they give the interpretations,
and they say, Abdulay ibn Abbas said it
could mean this, but the Al is left
to Allah
Another way of interpretation, and I mentioned this
before,
and
you feel like it's working,
but again, Al Al is left to Allah
They say that these letters, haruf al muqattaafibidayat
the Sur,
is the legend, like the legend of a
map. The legend of the map, or the
table of contents
for the Surah.
And the example they use, they say every
time you see these letters at the beginning
of a Surah,
it is referring to the names of the
prophets mentioned inside.
And I tested it, and for the most
part it works. So every time you see
Meem at the beginning of the Surah, Tasim
Meem,
Hamim, Aliflam Meem, 100% Musa alaihis salaam is
mentioned inside.
And if you look for example at Kaf
Haya insot, Kaf Zakariyah,
Harun,
Iron, and so on, and so
forth. So this is one time with one
interpretation.
We don't know if this is the right
understanding or not, we leave it to Allah
Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. We have no clue because
at the end of the day, it doesn't
add to your faith and it doesn't detract
from your faith.
We say, Sami Anahu Wa Ta'ala, we believe
in it, the meaning is left to Allah
Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, Namaru,
bil Mukham, waroop minu'biltashabi.
We,
apply, we
practice what is Muhamkam, what is very precise,
Hakimu Sala, Adru Zakat Allah is 1, and
so on and so forth, Muhammad Rasool Allah.
We apply and we practice this, and we
believe in the Muhamkam,
Taasim,
Meem Hamim, how Allah established himself on the
throne, the day of
Judgment, His Faith, His hand, we believe in
them.
What do they look like? We have no
clue, we just accept them.
We will know. So we leave this to
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, We ask Allah Subhanahu
Wa Ta'ala to, give us beneficial knowledge, we
ask Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala,