Mustafa Abu Rayyan – Tafseer Surah Al-Baqarah #67 Verses 269-273
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Salaam Alaikum, salatul, salaam ala Rasulillah. Inshallah, we're
continuing the Tashi rasulallah, and we only have a little bit
left. Inshallah, I think after this class we'll only have two
more class to finish the Surah,
may Allah, because among those that benefit from from these rules
and act upon the morals and the values that we left from the
Quran. So we left off at ayah,
269
Yahoo, azawajal man, yesha woman, Kathy romaya,
the CO
after teaching us many values related to charity and Sadaqah,
because sadaqah is not only about how much you give it is about how
you give it. Sadaqah, like any act of worship, can be nullified so
someone can give a lot of money, but due to certain actions of
this, Allah will not accept a salad sadaqah from them, like
Allah says. Lat Abdul, sadaqah to come, birmen, niwal, other, do not
nullify your charity by being boastful about it, by reminding
the person how much you gave them, by making them feel that they owe
you all of these actions, or by insulting them and say you always
ask me, When are you going to get a job? Fix yourself up this kind
of Kalam when you give sadaqah, Allah doesn't accept your sadaqah,
right? Allah, so there are certain things you have to keep in mind
when giving Sadaqah. Similarly, Allah talked about in the previous
ayats that the charity of the one that shows off is not accepted. So
if you're giving charity but you're showing off, Allah,
Subhanahu wa also does not accept that. So what does Allah accept?
Allah and wala hum, ibtiha, Abu dhati, lahi wa tat mean for see
him, those that give sadaqah, that spend upon Allah's wealth, Allah
given them for the sake of Allah, Subhanahu wa for the sake of
Allah. And that is key. And they do not do any actions that are
going to nullify destroy the reward that they would have gotten
after all of those rules were taught to us, not to mention that
the type of wealth. Previous lessons we spoke about the type of
wealth you give, where Allah subhanahu wa is telling us
that you shouldn't give that with you yourself would not accept,
where Allah Subhana Allah says
the yayman Alfie, komintamum, wala at a muhabitam for your own well
as to be a heavy land to fee, where Allah has telling us when
you are giving charity, keep in mind what you are giving. Do not
give someone something. When, if you were in their position and you
were given that, you would not accept it, or if you had no
choice, you accepted closing your eyes, meaning what? When we give
people clothes we ourselves will not wear, or food we ourselves
will eat. This is another etiquette and manners of Sadaqah.
So all of this ayah Allah is not telling us, give, give, give,
give, no, give, but feel. Look at what you're giving, and look at
how you're giving, and look at the state of your heart when you are
given all of these are important, may Allah, Subhanahu wa rectify
that after Allah tells all of those adab related to sadaqah
Allah and tells us you util hikmata, man yesh, util hinshah,
Allah gives wisdom whom He wills. Why is wisdom important here? And
why is wisdom being mentioned here because wisdom Ikhwan, if Allah is
marifa to haqpi, wala ama lubihi, very simple. Wisdom is to know
what's right and to do what's right. Wisdom is to know what's
right and to do what's right. Many know what's right, but they don't
do it.
May Allah make us among those. So all of these manners and these
Arabs and these rules that you're being taught about, sadaqah, may
Allah give us the wisdom to apply it? You util He Allah gives wisdom
to every wills woman, you tell hikmata, and whoever hikma is
given to, whoever is able to know the Haqq, whoever is able to act
upon the Haqq, faqt, utiran, katira, that person has been given
an abundant of good Wallahi this hikma, the ability to know what's
right and to act about what's right. It's a greater niama than
wealth. It is a greater niama than health. Is a greater niama than
anything else, to know what's right and to do what's right. May
Allah make us among those who are blessed with hikma
wamaya, the Karu, ILA, ullahu Bab and none receive this message and
this admonition and this reminder except people of understanding.
Allah is telling us. I've told you about Allah of rules, Allah of
laws, Allah of obligations, those that will act upon it, those that
will understand it, are the.
People whom Allah has given understanding, may Allah make us
among those then Allah says, wama and fatum, Mina, faqin, oh, Nadar,
tumin, for in Allah, haya Alamo, wamal, meaning SAR wama and fam
and remember, whatever you spend of Sadaqah, whatever you spend of
Sadaqah.
Omar tum and any vow that you make for in Allah haya alamu, Allah
knows about it. In other words, in previous ayats, something was
alluded to, and in the following ayat it will be mentioned
explicitly. What is that the importance of giving Sadaqah in
secret. The importance of giving Sadaqah in secret. This is you
learn another adab. If someone were to list the adab relate to
sadaqah that we learned from the Quran Wallah. There are so many.
It's not just give. It's give in secret. It give the best of your
wealth. It's give with a smile on your face. It's give without
showing off. There's so many other things here. Allah is teaching us,
when your giving is good, to give it in secret.
In fact, there is a Hadith
about among the seven categories of people that will enjoy the
shade on their judgment. One of them was aurajuna, a person that
gave charity, and he hid it, and he hid it
up to the point and to the degree that his left hand does not know
what his right hand gave. Now, of course, your right hand, or your
left hand, this is a metaphor. It means that the closest person to
you does not know that you're giving Sadaqah. You have a direct
debit that goes out of your bank every night. No one knows except
you and Allah, you send money to someone. No one knows except you
and Allah, you help someone, a family member, and it's a secret
between you and them and Allah, Subhanahu wa This is what the best
type of Sadaqah? It's not the only type of Sadaqah, but it's
definitely the best type of Sadaqah. So now someone, when they
do that, Allah is reminding them, don't worry, wama and FAQ to Mina,
fakatin o nada mean netherin, Fain, Allah hay Alamo, any charity
that you give and any vow that you make and you act upon that vow,
indeed, Allah knows about it. And because Allah knows about it, if
you're sincere, Allah will reward you. And because Allah knows about
it, if you're not sincere, Allah will not reward you. But the main
thing is for in Allah, for in Allah, Ya, Alam, oh, Allah knows
it.
Wa Mali, Wali mean Amin and Sar. And as for the Wali Moon, the
oppressors, they will have absolutely no one helping them on
their judgment. Why speak other oppressors in this manner? Because
sometimes people will oppress with this other
and we've spoken about that in great length, and Allah knows of
those that are the oppressors. Similarly, when it comes to the
vows, it's important to understand what a vow is in Islam and never
Islam,
another, another is if someone were to say, in shafani, Allah, if
Allah heals me, I will fast for months,
right? Or if I get better, that cannabis, if I get better, I vow
to give this maturity. People do this all the time. They say, Ya
Allah, Ya Allah, Ya Allah. If you give me this, I will do this. Yes
or no, do people do this? You shouldn't do this. You shouldn't
do this. There's two things people make a mistake in. One is
you should avoid vows. You should avoid vows. It's not necessary.
Just ask Allah make Duran. That's it. Don't make Rajiv upon yourself
something. But if you do make a vow, fulfill it. This
is the thing. Don't make vows. But if you do make one, what should
you do? You fulfill it, especially if it's what sometimes an act of
worship, I will fast three days. Fast three days, I make a vow that
I will go to Hajj. Go to Hajj. That vow is binding upon you the
moment you make it.
Allah knows, and indeed, Allah subhanahu wa, there is no one that
will help the oppressors. May Allah make us among those then
Allah says, in tubudu, sadhakati. Fani imahi,
if you disclose and show the sadhaka that you are giving, this
is fine. This is good meaning, what if you give sadaqah publicly?
Fani imahi, this is great, as long as the conditions are met. It's
not haram on the jumara when we come to the masjid and the
buckets. Or now, it's not buckets anymore. It's machines, right?
They have the cards, or they have both. And then it comes to your
way you're getting money out and putting coins in, or you're
putting a note in, or you're tapping your phone or your card,
right?
Allah has tell.
Us here. That does not necessarily mean that Jehovah has not accepted
it's okay sometimes to show
wa into fuha, but if you conceal it,
if you hide it, what to * for Qara and you give them to the poor
for whom that is better for you,
where you can feel means a common Allah will expiate you some of
your sins. Allahu, bimata, ama, Luna habir And Allah has well
acquainted and knowing of what you are doing. So here you learning
what's being discussed. Here
is,
when it comes to sadaqah, is it better to do it publicly or
privately, or does it depend? It depends, for example, generally
speaking, at the real MSA, when it comes to your zakat, someone
should know about it, especially if you, if you're in a living in a
land where the government is collecting the Zakat, because you
have to disclose it, so that people don't assume that you're
what, not paying your Zakat, and it's afford.
And also, that's one example they give. One example they give is for
zakat. Another example they give is
if you're a role model, if you're
if you're
trying to encourage others to give,
for example, our friend is in the hospital and they need surgery and
they can't pay for it, or whatever the case is, or there's an
emergency happening and someone needs to be urgently moved
somewhere else, or whatever the case is, they don't have a fridge,
something communal. And then I come to you brothers and say,
brothers, we need to help the sister. We need help as a brother.
And Inshallah, to Allah, it's going to cost X amount of money.
So I'm going to say each one of us should pay 50 pound. And I'm going
to start I pay 50 pound. So now what am I doing? I'm showing you
my Sadaqah. But why am I doing that? To also encourage all of you
in this kind of situation? It's encouraged to show it right,
because the situation calls for it. Those are the two situations
that Allah mentioned, if it's followed, if it's a cat, or if
you're trying to encourage others. There was a time where the Prophet
sallallahu, sallam, and there was a Sahabi, and some poor people
came. A poor person came. He needed help. And the Prophet
sallam said, who's going to help him? And then once Sahabi stood up
publicly, he stood out, he went home, grabbed something and
brought it home. And then the Prophet saw him. When everyone saw
him do it, the other Sahaba started to do it as well. And then
the Prophet said, This man, he gets the reward of all of you,
because he's the one that what encouraged and started it, so he
gave sadaqah publicly. So is giving sadaq publicly wrong? No,
it's not wrong,
but you still have to fulfill the conditions that we met earlier,
whether it's speaking nicely and all the things that you mentioned
not be showing off all these things.
Those are the two times that it may be better to do it publicly.
Went to fuha, but if you conceal it for Allah, is better for you?
Why? Why? Oh, Allah, is it better for us to conceal
because that is the closest to ikhlas. That is the closest to
ikhlas. If I do a good action publicly. It may very well be that
somewhere in my heart I was showing off. But if no one knows
about it, who am I showing off
to nobody. So if you want to be sure that some of your good deeds
are most definitely accepted, do it when no one is seeing you. Have
an Ibadah that you do that no one knows about, have an up salah,
that you pray that only you and Allah know, a sadhaka that you
give that only you and Allah know, right, something hayed that you
are doing. Maybe you read Quran in the middle of the night when no
one is aware. Maybe you do your istiqar in your car when you're
driving by yourself. Whatever it is that ibad That you do that
nobody knows about is the closest. And what is Allah telling us here
in tubudu, sadaqah, if any imahi, if you disclose and publicize your
sadaqah, this is, well, we're into fuha, but if you close it, if you,
if you, if you concede it. I mean, sorry,
what to * for Quran, you give it to the poor, for this is better
for you. And what else happens? Oh Allah, where you can feel me say a
Tok Allahu, forgive some of your sins, because the Prophet told us
that as sadaqah, that charity, it extinguishes your sins like fire,
extinguish like water often extinguishes fire. So again, the
value of Sadaqah is that it wipes away your sins. Give sadaqah, it
will wipe away your sins. Give sadaqah, it will wipe away your
sins.
And not only that, sadaqah will be the shade that you will enjoy the
development.
Right, may Allah make, as I will enjoy, a very large shade.
Wallahi, matama, Luna Habib and Allah subhanahu wa is all is aware
and well acquainted with what you do. Then Allah subhanahu wa says,
Lay sa
alaikin, Allah yahadi, main yesha wamatovian was
a come wamato
saying,
Lisa Ali go down, oh Muhammad
upon you is not their guidance, but akin Allah yaha demo Allah
guides whomever He wills. Why are we talking about guidance? Here of
sudden, when we were talking about sadaqah, this ayah had a serve in
Israel, like mentioned by Sir im Juba, the great Abiah, he
mentioned this was revealed related to fukura udima, the poor
people that were not Muslims, that live among the Muslims. And you're
learning a key lesson here. And that lesson is that what would
happen is amongst the Sahaba,
you had people that had relatives and family members that were not
Muslim,
and they would spend on them, and then when they would spend on
them, they would hope that they would become Muslim, and when they
would not become Muslim, they would doubt, should they be
spending on them or not?
And also, so then
they there was a connection being made between should they? Should
become Muslim if we're going to give them, Allah's telling us no
lay salary upon you. Is not their guidance. Well akin Allah guides
him of evils, meaning what? Whether they become guide or not,
spend on them.
So sadaqah is for everybody, Muslims and non Muslims. Ficuly,
kebadi, not Sadaqah. For every living thing there is charity. So
you don't look when it comes to Sadaqah. Sadaqah means
charity that is not compulsory. Sadaqah can go to a Muslim and can
go to a non Muslim. Zakat only goes to Muslims. Zakat only goes
to Muslims, sadaqah, go to both. Why? What did the Prophet say
about zakat? To muad Abu Jabal, he said,
Ya Muay. This is a very powerful Hadith, and very important Hadith.
Mu Abu nul, great confidante Prophet, sallAllahu, sallam. The
prophet sent him as a missionary and as a leader for the people of
Yemen to call them to Islam. The Prophet said to him, ya Murad o
muad in nakaza, takama, Hala, Kitab, indeed, you will go to a
people of the Book
fali a, let the first thing you call them towards be and you
wahidu laha to sing it Allah worship. His first mission was to
call the people to Tawheed,
another narration, shahadah, Allah Muhammad rasulallah, to justify
that none has the right to be worshiped. Allah Muhammad
Sallallahu. Sallam is a messenger for in whom at all, if they accept
that from you, if they obey that and accept that from you, accept
what accept Tawheed, then teach them that upon them is five daily
prayers. Five daily prayers, if they accept that from you, then
teach them that upon them is a charity. Tuhadu, mean, a him,
Watu, ILA, fuqaro, ehim, it is taken from their rich meaning, the
believers. They're rich among the believers. The Zakat is taken from
and given to the poor among the believers. So zakat, the only
applicants of zakat should be what believers. There is maybe some
nuance and an exception to be made as it relates to, well, Mala
Fatima. There is eight categories of zakat. There are eight
categories of zakat Allah mentioned in sort of Toba in North
zakat, leforaby, or fesability, well, harmina, woman, Isabel and
well, Mala photography. There is eight people,
the poor and the downtrodden, the meshin and the fabir. That's two.
Then you have the traveler, Ibn Sabir, someone was traveling from
A to B, and cannot go continue. You can give themselves a god
wala mean those that are in debt. And the specific things that
looked at, why did they, why are they in debt? Then you have those
that are fighting for the sake of Allah. Then you have those that
are collecting it will, I mean, alayha, they will be paid from the
Zakat. Then you had when Allah, buhum, those whose hearts we are
trying to bring closer to Islam. So they are either very new
Muslim.
Muslims or people that are about to enter Islam, right? So that's
where I meant by that is the only exception you can look at but Oh,
and that's the Cadence from Muslims sadaqah, however, sadaqah
is for
everybody,
and this is Allah saying to us, lays alaikoda upon you. Is not
their guidance. Walakin Allah guide whoever He wills
wama tu om haiden, faziq, and remember, because you gave
charity, and there was some Sahaba, they were they were
spending on relatives. And they were not Muslim. They were
Muslims, or they were Jews and Christians, and they were spending
on them. And as they were spending on them, they are still upon their
kufr. And Allah, Allah saying, what? Don't worry about that OMA
Tuffle and whatever you have spent upon them. Of saddaqah, the reward
is for you.
Then Allah says, wama tun furuni Ra, and you should not spend
except
trying to gain the pleasure of Allah subhanahu wa. Seeking Allah
subhanahu wa is
nothing good that you give, except your falaikum. It will be repaid
to you in full. In fact, in double and triple and quadruple, Allah
will increase it and increase it because Allah promised us that
when we give sadaqah, Allah does not only repay us in full, but
Allah for Allahu, Abu.
And what are some of the factors that you look at for the sadaqah
multiplied number one,
it is the state of your heart when you were given the state of your
heart, how humble were you? How
eager were you? How much was Allah, subhana wa Taala on your
mind when you give us Sadaqah? Oh, he did after mind the lead. A lot
of things are looked at. How much mercy were you showing the person?
These are all things that have happened in here. Another factor
that is looked at is, how desperate was the person? How
desperate is this person? The more desperate the person is, the more
reward, right? Another factor that's looked at is the way and
the man is in the adab that you've done it in. How hidden was it?
Right? All of these are looked at. But Allah both applies his
manifold.
Allah has a button for home in hiding, whatever good that You
give your file, you will be repaid in full, one tumultula Moon, and
you will not be wronged. You will not be wrong. Then Allah, SWT,
yes, Abu, that the charity is for
the focaro, the charity is, it's meant to be primarily, and it
ought to be, and it should be Lil fuqara for the poor, which poor al
ADINA, those that have restricted themselves due to the cause of
Allah? Who are these people that were restricted due to the cause
of Allah, Allah, Subhanahu, this ayah is speaking about the people
that were known as the Oshawa sufa. There was a group among the
companions that were very poor, that lived in the masjid, and they
relied on the charity and the kindness of the people. Why are
they stuck in the masjid? Because they left their lands and their
tribes and came to Medina, they have nowhere else to go. Why can't
they go back to their tribes? Because their tribes of kufr and
their Muslims, right? So what restricted them? The cause of
Allah. Right? Why would abusive? Why were they homeless? Why were
they struggling? Because of Allah's sake, subhanAllah, they
left their tribes, they left Mecca, they left their lands, they
left their titles for who, for Allah and the Prophet. So Allah is
saying, take specific care for the faqra of the muhajireen that were
restricted due to the cause of Allah, another as tafsir Allah, is
that they've restricted themselves from earning through haram means.
They could have stolen like people are stealing. They could have
dealt in Riba, like people dealing Riba, but they restricted
themselves due to Allah subhanahu wa tasir, right? In any case where
that restriction is due to the restriction of the nature of the
fact that they're Muslims, and everywhere else they were kuffar,
outside of Medina, or the restriction is due to the fact
that they are limited by what they can do. They can't do the what the
yahudah doing with the Riba. They can't just steal like Allah
Quraysh and the kuffar are doing. They are limited.
They cannot move about in the land. They cannot go trade. They
don't even have something to trade. They cannot go work
like yes, Abu humul jahill, Arya, the ignorant person
thinks that they are rich. Why
me? Not the afuf, because of their modesty. These people now it the
servo no Sahaba, but you have people like this today, someone
who does not tell you that they're in need, someone doesn't show that
they're desperate. Someone that doesn't sit outside tell them
give, give, give. Someone that doesn't come but Wallahi, they are
just as desperate as the one that are begging, but they don't beg,
the ignorant person, the one that doesn't pay attention. What things
that they are, what rich, but they're actually what? They're
actually poor.
So how can you tell them? Allah says Tari, for whom we see my
home. But you may know them by their signs, by their mark. The
seed is, what is this mark? What is this mark that helps us
recognize the people in our communities that are desperate and
are in need, but they are too shy to ask. Some of them say, you will
find in them Allah for sure, Allah of humility. Some said, No, look
for the signs of poverty. Look at the read the people's faces. Pay
attention. This is also a call for us to pay more attention. There's
a famous narration where Abu hurair was desperate for food.
Subhanallah, Subhanallah,
Abu huray, Rabil Haran, who was, look at this great companion. No
Hadith do it, except he's the one that generated most likely
abureya. One days, I was desperate to eat. He sat. He was after
salah, he said. And I sat outside the masjid,
and Abu Bakr came out, and I gave Abu Asmaa looked at him, hoping
that he will recognize, hoping that he will recognize, but they
gave me salami. Just continue walking. And the same thing with
Omar Al habi said, I spoke to Salaam Alaikum, and he said, I'm
Why is he not asking? Why not just say I'm hungry, you can have some
food. Mina, ta afuh, he was too modest. This is sharaf. This is
honor, right?
That he doesn't want to go ahead and just ask, but what is he
hoping for? Does someone what recognize it? The Prophet
sallallahu alayhi wa sallam came out. The Prophet Come with me. The
Prophet Sallam took him to his house. And Hadith mentioned is
that the Prophet sallam said, Bring all the people that are also
desperate and need in need, bring them. And before that, he goes to
the Prophet's house, and there is a jar, if you will, of milk and
and borer felt like this was not going to be enough, just maybe for
him. And the Prophet, sawallah Ali wasallam and the Prophet call
everybody, also anyone that you can find from the from the people
that are in need, called them. And he said, the huge group came. And
they came in, and everyone sat down, and the Prophet SAW to pass
the milk around, not the Abu hurayah Abu as still there,
right? And then everyone drank to it filled, but it just wouldn't
finish. They will drink, drink, drink. It wouldn't finish. The
next person would drink, drink, drink with and finish. This is the
barakah of who the barakah of the Prophet. And when everyone was
done, the Prophet, it's your turn on Abu as I drank and drank and
drank and drank and drank and drank until I felt that the milk
would burst from my fingernails.
Then I gave to the prophet
the lesson that I'm trying to point out here is Abu Hurayra did
not say a Rasulullah, I'm starving. He didn't say this, but
the Prophet recognized it from from the mark on the sinus. It's a
call to all of us that we pay attention to our community. When
you come to the masjid, look around being if salam to someone,
read their face, see, are they maybe more sad than usual? Are
they maybe looking more tired after maybe, maybe someone you
see, they have a slept here haven't said, Tell us going on
strike conversations with people and try to see if we can help
them. May Allah make us among those that act upon these ayats,
yaniya. I mean, at the Alpha home, busy my home, the jahill may think
that they are. Well, he's not asking anyone, he must be okay. He
knows he's not asking anyone he must be okay. But actually, this
person is desperate. Tari, for whom be see my home, you will know
from their signs,
LA, yes, aloo, Na, SA, il HAFA. They do not beg people at all, or
they do not beg consistently. They may ask once, but after that, they
will stop. And here you're learning actually the Arab to ask.
Don't constantly ask if you're in a situation. Don't hassle the
people. If you're desperate, don't hassle the people ask, though, and
if someone comes to you and asks you, remember, remember that?
Allah.
Chose you as an gave you an opportunity to help another fellow
Muslim that may be the cause for Allah to help you in their
judgment. May Allah make us among those
wama and Allah keeps reminding us, wama, tunfi, omin Hai Rin and
whatever he spent in good for in Allah habihi, a name Allah knows
it well. Allah knows it well. Don't shy away. Be courageous.
Give sadaqah, give Allah. Allah knows about this. This will help
you. On the Day of Judgment, then Allah, Subhanahu wa says Allah
dini unfiron, AMWA ala hum bi lady wa Nahar, as for those that spend
their wealth, be laly at night, one nahari And during the day,
Syrian run in secret, WA Allah neoten and in public, fellow whom
a jerum in the rabbi him, they will have their reward with Allah
subhanho, wa taala,
wala hoffen alehim. There will be no fear for them. Wala hum, Yan,
nor shall they ever grieve. They will not be fearful of what's
coming in the future. On Day of Judgment, they will not be
fearful. Why? Because they have done so much sadaqah that they
will enjoy that shayt.
They will be forgiven. Their sins will be extinguished. Nothing to
fear. Wala hum, yachtun, and they will not feel sadness, sorrow or
grief on what's past, because Allah forgives their past sins.
This is the beauty of salad. Allah, the Ulama, mentions
something very nice here, and we conclude here tonight,
those who spend their wealth in Allah's Cause by night and by day.
Which one did Allah mention first? Neither day by night be lady on
why?
Which one tends to be more hidden
than night, sir, in secret or in public? Which first secret meaning
what?
The more your charity is shrouded in secrecy, the better. But if you
give publicly with the conditions we met, there's nothing wrong with
nothing wrong with that as well. Follow him. A jerum, they will
have their Lord reward with their Lord,
wala hopeful Ali him, there shall be no fear upon them. Wala yasuna,
and they will not grieve. We'll stop here inshallah to Allah. Next
week, we'll discuss the Ayatollah to Riba and the ayah related to
debt. And then the week after that, inshallah to Allah will
finish the surah.