Muhammad Carr – 10 Impure Water Ba Fadl’s The Short Abridgement
AI: Summary ©
The speakers discuss various topics related to water measurements, impure water, containers, measurements, and Kula tan. They emphasize the importance of being careful with measurements and using solid materials when measuring. The speakers also touch on animals being overlooked in fiction and provide examples of animals being overlooked, including an Insect that falls into water and changes the color of the water. They also discuss impurities and the use of impurities on animals, and the history of "imature" and "imature" in English. Finally, they touch on impurities and the use of "imature" in English, including impurities on humans and "imature" in English.
AI: Summary ©
Allah,
All
My
Ali, to Allah subhana wa
Taala for his many blessings that He has bestowed upon us. We
beseech ALLAH SubhanA wa Taala to increase us in those blessings.
One such blessing is that Allah subhana wa Taala has afforded you
and media opportunity to come together
in a gathering of learning whereby we acquire sacred knowledge, such
knowledge that will guide us to and guide us along the slave path.
Inshallah, amen
Alhamdulillah, we continue our reading. And in this evening's
lesson, we are going to be focusing on impure water. In other
words, Alma and najisu, impure water. We're going to start off by
reading through the text. We are busy with Al muhtasa Al Latif, but
father's short abridgment, the text reads as follows, and the
first issue we going to be dealing with would be the issue of
contamination. The issue reads as follows.
Wayan Juul Kali Lu wazairu, who IIT biuku in little water. Yan jus
is contaminated.
Warehum in Alma Yat, we are not only dealing with water, but
rather we dealing with any other liquid as well. So a little bit of
water
and other liquids
are contaminated piuku In Naja city by impurities falling there
in if you wanted to, we could translate by coming into contact
with an impurity. So if the water, in terms of volume, is considered
to be a little the moment that little water comes into contact
with an impurity. Mere contact renders that water impure. So you
the text explains that particular phenomenon and says So,
irrespective whether the impurity changes the water or whether the
impurity does not change the water. So what renders a little
Huta impure near contact with an impure substance? Now, so the
first issue that
begs an answer would be the following, that what is a little
water and what is a lot of water? Because the text reads, When you
soon Khalil, that a little bit of water, when it comes into contact
with an impurity, it is contaminated. So water is divided
from an Islamic perspective, from a Sharia perspective, from a fitbi
perspective, into two, a little male and a lot animal. What is a
little do no cool at time. Whatever is less than two coolers,
cooler refers to a volume of water. For now, we're going to use
the equivalent of liters. So 216
liters, anything less than 216 liters, is considered to be a
little bit.
Water, less than two Coolers, a lot of water would be cool latan,
216 liters for akfar and more. So if a person has a tank, and the
tank is filled with 100 liters of water, and impurity falls in there
the moment the impurity
contacts, gets in touch with the water, and that water is rendered
impure when the water is a lot the issue will be discussed in a
moment, be it milasuba haina. So now we're going to basically look
for now we're going to look at the term Kula tan it plays a very
important role. So we first need to ascertain what is meant by Kula
tan so we have a literal meaning for the concept, and then we have
a technical meaning for the for the concept. The literal meaning
would be al Jabra tan al Kabira Tanni. So in other words,
two tanks of water, if you wanted to literal meaning al Jabra tan al
Kabira tan two containers of water, two big containers of
water. What exactly is meant? So the important thing for us to
understand here would be that in terms of measure, Kulda refers to
a measure of volume, very much like liters. In today's time, you
buy a liter, you buy two liter, for example, by way of milk. What
type of measurement is that? That is a measurement by by volume. So
literature talks about volume. So Kula is a measure, a measure by by
volume. What is the technical meaning? The technical meaning,
and we first going to read through the archaic technical meaning, ma
wasn
that was a new home. It's weight of water. So here we're moving
away from volume. We're moving to to wait so the water is weighed
out. And what is the weight of the water? Hum Sumi Atlin, 500 ritual,
and which ritual are we looking at? Which weight are we looking at
the browser diary little and that is an approximation. I'm not going
to go too much into that. We are going to focus on the current
equivalent, in terms of our current measures, which would be
liters, basically. So the volume of cool letter, it can be worked
out in many different ways. If you are looking at a a space. In other
words, you want to put a spatial measure into it. Our scholars say,
to give you an idea of what two coolers would be in terms of
volume, if you have a square container, if you have a square
container, then you're going to have to the square container is
going to have the following dimensions. There are, it's going
to be a vira. Now, a vira would be the area from your elbow to the
tip of your fingers. And that will refer to an average sized person.
An average sized person. There are warrubulan in terms of the length,
then argon in terms of the the breath, and um in terms of the in
terms of the depth. We will see now that in terms of the Bayan wa
tariff, they've given an equivalent in centimeters for
everyone. So it equals to 48 centimeters. Then 48 centimeters
plus a quarter, 48 centimeters plus a quarter equals to
48 centimeters plus a quarter. So quarter of 48 would be 12. So 48
plus 12 equals to 60 centimeters, 600 millimeters. So if you want to
get an idea of the volume of two coolers, and you have a square box
in front of you, the square box is going to have to be 600
millimeters in other 60 centimeters in terms of length,
60 centimeters, or 600 millimeters, in terms of breath,
and then the depth of the container would be 600
millimeters, or 60 centimeters, if you want to So In simple
measurement terms, a 60 centimeter squared box,
60 centimeter squared box, if you can conceptualize that that box
filled with water, that amount of water that fits into that
particular box, that would be two coolers in Arabic term that would
be Kula kulatani. Then if you add a circular container, then you'd
have to adjust the measurements of that circular container to give
you an accurate idea of what the volume of two coolers is. So what
happens here would be, there are any one is, there are any one is.
So there are.
Be 48 centimeters. So 48 centimeters plus 48 centimeters,
and then you have to add a half of a zero as well. So the half of 48
would be 24 so 48 times two plus 24 that would basically be um,
that would be in terms of the in terms of the depth, if you look at
a circular container, and then across that particular circular
container to have to be 48 centimeters. So if you have a
circular container, the diameter would have to be 48 centimeters,
and the depth would have to be 48 plus 48 plus 24 and it would
basically give you a circular container. So either way, at the
end of the day, in our modern
measurements, it would amount to 216
liters. And Allah knows knows best. It is, however nice to look
at the origin in terms of the prophetic measure, and then
converting that into into weight, and then, once again, converting
that into into volume. But for us, it will be very simple. If you
look at Kula tan, it's a volume, and then in today's time, we have
liters. So we're going to take exactly that volume, and we're
going to be converting it into our current volume. And everything is
a volume is measured in liters these days, and then you can do
the measurement like that. And Allah knows is best. We go on to
the next issue with the last bahanu mataala, having now
ascertained, having now ascertained, exactly what the
little water is. Less than 216 liters would be little water, and
216 liters and more would be considered to be a a lot of water.
The important ruling is, at the moment, and impurity comes into
contact with a little water. That little water is contaminated on
contact. That's the important ruling that we leave there, there
with our scholars. Now discuss, what about other liquids? What
about other liquids? Examples are given, for example, like honey,
vinegar and an oil. Now, when it comes to these other liquids, it
can either be in a liquid state or it can be in a solid state. The
item that you're looking at
is solidified. What is the ruling in this particular regard?
So when there's any other liquid, like honey, vinegar and oil, the
person has a a can of honey, a jar of honey, or a jar of vinegar or
jar of oil, and an impure substance falls into the what do
our scholar say regarding that yet, and it just will be
mujabradi, mulakati najessa, that that particular liquid, despite
the fact that it's not rooted, that particular liquid, would be
rendered impure the moment the impurity comes into contact with
the with the liquid. Now, here's an added addition, so our own
planning, or Khalid, and irrespective whether that liquid
other than water. Now, whether that liquid is a little or a lot,
and Allah knows knows best. Alternatively, when an impurity
falls into another liquid, that liquid may have become solid,
certain honey becomes solid when it when it stands on its own, and
impurity falls into that if it's a solid state, if it's a solid
state, and then what happens is tulukan, najasa, tua mahaulaha,
something falls into butter. The butter is solid. Drop of blood. A
lady is busy with butter, a man is busy with but anybody's busy with
butter, and they cut themselves in the process. Then that blood falls
onto the butter. The butter is solid. It's not clarified. When
it's clarified, it becomes the liquid state. If it's a liquid
state, any impurity falls in there, one would have to discard
it, whether it's a little bit or a a lot, but this is solid and a
drop of blood falls on there. What happens now, that area and the
immediate facility needs to be moved, that part needs to be
discarded. But the balance that finds itself in a solid state,
that balance would still be considered pure. And Allah SWT
knows best. Our scholars also give us a very nice measure in terms
of, you know, when do you consider something to be in a liquid state,
and when do you consider it to be in a in a solid state? A solid
state would be that when you remove a part of it, then that gap
doesn't fill up. That gap doesn't fill up, it means that it is
enough. It might not be a complete solid state, but solid enough for
these rulings to to apply, and Allah knows was best. The next
issue, which the author deals with here Barak Allahu, would be the
following, were you affair aniliasim In a Shari and nejisi?
We see now that the standard rule, or the ground rule, would be that
if you have a little bit of water and an impurity comes into contact
with it or there is contaminated, irrespective whether there is a
discernible change or or not, contact renders the water impure.
Now, what about if a cat, for example, walks past and
a falls into the water? So a little bit of water, would that
contaminate it? A.
There are certain exceptions to law, or you Affa anilias
overlooked what is overlooked. A little bit of impure here now, but
I was going to say there's an added condition to this. The added
condition is that unconditioned, that the head does not belong to a
dog or a pig, and Allah SWT knows, knows, knows best. There's also
another interesting added addition here, and that would be that if a
person is riding an animal, an animal, the the his of which are
impure, so if you're hiding an animal, you come into contact with
the animal. Chances are not, chances are, in all likelihood,
that the he's of that particular animal would end up on your
clothes. It might even end up census on your clothes, in your
food stuff and so forth. Is that problematic? Or is it overlooked?
How scholar say, Were you AFA Iran? What is also overlooked
would be an Shari najis impure, his of an animal, Al kafir, which
may even be a lot either. Can I mean higher warning mustache,
if it is from an animal which a person is employing as a mode of
conveyance, and Allah knows who's best, that would be based on the
principle of a woman Bala and affliction. And therefore it is
overlooked general fiction, and therefore it is over overlooked.
We still continuing along the same line, and we are talking about
impure substance that may come into contact with water, but now
we're dealing with the exceptions that, yes, this particular
substance has come into contact with water, but it is over
overlooked. What? Anil mata tilati, Lana Salah sa ILA tum wa
Anil maita. And
what is also overlooked would be Anil Mata on a maita refers to
from the word Mali, which means to be dead. Here it refers to an
insect, an insect a Lati, which Lana salah, which doesn't have
nafs. The word nafsia is used as a synonym for the word dumb. Dumb
means blood. So if an insect comes into contact with water, but this
particular insect doesn't have flowing blood, what does it mean?
It means that if you were to cut onto a limb, then no blood would
come out of that particular limb. You cut a fly Tom, you cut the the
wing of a flood no blood comes there from so this refers to that
type insect which does not have flowing blood. It doesn't have
flowing, flowing, flowing blood. An example of this would be a
gecko, by way of example, if you were to cut an organ off from the
gecko, you would find that blood does not ooze there from. And
Allah SWT knows, knows best. What is the proof for the fact that if
an insect that is considered to be impure falls into a liquid or
falls into your water, it doesn't contaminate the water despite the
fact that it's impure. How come it's overlooked? It is overlooked
because of the following tradition of the Prophet salallahu Salam,
which has been reproduced here. It reads either waka al zuba, Buffy,
Sharabi, ahadikum. When a fly falls into your drink, falia,
Misu, a person should insert it, a person should dip it Fu, and then
he should take it out. Why? For, in Nafi, Ahadi, Jana Hai, because
in under one of the wings is the down is the ailment of an and in
the other wing is the is the cure. And Allah SWT knows who's best.
Now,
so we've looked at the rule. And the rule states that when impurity
comes into contact with a little bit of water, it contaminated.
We've looked at certain exceptions. Now these exceptions
apply certainly, but they apply when certain conditions are met,
and it's interesting to look at what those conditions are. So this
particular slide, these as stipulations in order for it to be
over, in other words, for this contact, this impurity, to be
overlooked. Number one, it should not change the water. So let's
say, hypothetically speaking, at a given insect falls into your
water, and then the color of the water changes. It becomes all
green. One cannot now say that it's a little bit of water. It's
been come into contact with an impure substance, but it is
overlooked because it's an insect. It is overlooked on condition that
that insect doesn't cause the water to to change. If it changes
the water even a little bit, it will not be overlooked. So that's
the first stipulation. The first condition, the second condition
reaches follows, the animal should not be discarded after it had
passed on. In other words, it should be left in the should be
left in the in the in the liquid.
Now, so in order for that
water to be considered as pure, come into contact and the animal
should not be the insect, if you wanted to, should not be discarded
after it had passed on. In other words, it should be left in the
liquid. Should, for example, like leave the flag if the window
animal.
Removes it, then no problem. Otherwise, an external, natural
factor has resulted in that animal being removed, then no problem.
Otherwise,
the water would be, by default, considered to be impure. And Allah
SWT knows who's best. We go on to the next issue, and we are still
dealing with the idea of idea of impurities which are overlooked.
This is an also important one. When najasa to Leti la you Doha
aktaf, aparf, one najasa, which are of those impurities are over
look. The following impurities are overlooked. One najasa,
impurities, a lady which, laudrico, Apar of which cannot be
seen by the naked eye. This is quite a common phenomenon.
A person, depending where you relieve yourself, a person goes
out and he release himself. In our modern sitting where we have
toilets, whatever the nature of the toilet may be, any not enamel
pot, whatever the nature of the pot, maybe what you find is when a
person passes water, particularly when he passes urine, then that
water ricochets off from the pot, and tiny droplets, which is not
discernible by the naked eye, may go on to one's clothing, that
impurities. It's impure. If you were to go under magnifying glass,
you might put under a particular test, you might find that it has
deco shaped onto your clothing. But because it cannot be seen by
the eye, like dukatov, can it be seen by the eye, it is over
looked. As a very important principle to keep in mind. So
whilst every key should be taken, Allah only holds us responsible
for what is within our capacity. So a person should apply his due
diligence in terms of relieving himself and facilitating for such
that he frees himself from any type of impurity with directly or
by the Ricochet. But once he's taken and done his due diligence,
and then the then whatever happens is overlooked by Allah subhanahu.
Wa important to to keep in mind and to prevent us from being beset
by unnecessary sort of whisperings that may come to our our mind.
Number two, Aman fab Taylor wala here. Waman fadun welfare refers
to manfut refers to an orifice, for example, at the mouth, or even
the behind, for that matter, the orifice of a bird while far and
also a a refers to a a mouse or a a rat
or welfare. They go into the water, and they may be impurities
on the behind that is also overlooked. While you see
accurate Well, you
see gene and a little bit of the dust particles of manure. A person
has a veggie garden, and he goes into the vision. The wind is
blowing, then the wind blows, and some of the particles from the
manure comes onto his clothing that is also over, overlooked, the
remaining order of a cat that had eaten something impure. But then
there's a possibility that this particular cat went and dipped her
mouth into a volume of water, which is 216
liters or more, if that possibility exist, and then the
cat comes and the cat maybe touches you, then that would be
over You, because of the possibility, however far fetched
that possibility may be, as long as the time has elapsed, and it is
possible, then that particular issue would be overlooked, and
Allah knows best. So let me read through the text now be in a
Subhan wa taala, the last part which we had translated properly
would be what ya see, nihubari, sijin wa su ulihir rati the left
over water of a cat. Ality, accurate. Najasthan, which had
eaten an impurity. If you have a domesticated cat, for example, in
today's time, and you know the nature of the cat that the cat
doesn't hunt. Why? Simply because the cat is subsisting on the cat
food that you provide for them. Ality, accurate. Najacet, you know
for certain the cat had eaten something impure. Film was Rob
Zamin. Then the cat is missing. You don't know where the cat went.
The cat is missing for such an amount of time that it is
possible, in that absence, that she had cleansed the mouth by
placing it in a container that has 216
liters, or or, or more. These are examples, further examples, of
instances of impurities that are overlooked when it comes into
contact with the water. So impurities on the orifice of an
animal is overlooked if it enters in the in the water, on condition
that no other external impurities settle on the orifice. And added
conditioning, whether the water is a little or.
A lot, some scholars of the opinion that it applies to any
impurity anywhere on the body of an of an animal. And Allah SWT
knows, knows best. Now
we are spoken about when a cat, or any other pure animal drinks from
from water. What do we consider that water as? Do we consider as
impure or impure? Pure, pure or impure, we consider it to be pure.
What is the proof for that? The proof for that is the following
narration of the Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu, alayhi wa ali was Abu
Asmaa, the authority of Abu Qatari, he says, under Rasulullah,
the Prophet sallallahu, alayhi wa ali was Abu Salam Siddhi
Hira, he said, regarding the the cat lay, said binajisi that the
cat is not considered to be impure in namahina Ali kumatawafa, they
whether the cat be male or whether the cat be female. They are those
who frequent who, if you wanted to, very literally, circum
ambulate, who move around you your homes. And they are not considered
as impure. And Allah SWT knows his best. Thus far, in terms of our
lesson, we have looked at impurity that falls into a little bit of
water and the general rule, the ground rule, the default rule, is
that the moment comes into contact with the water, the water is
rendered impure. There are exceptions to the rule which we
have discussed. Now we move beyond that discussion, and now we look
to the issue of when an impurity comes into contact with a lot of
water, in other words, 216 liters or or more. What happens in this
particular instance? The text is as follows, waida canal, when the
water amounts to 216 liters. Wawakaat finaja and impurity falls
into it comes into contact with this volume of water, falayajus.
The rule is that this water would not be considered impure. The
water is not contaminated. Illah, except, except either the
except if the taste, the color or the smell changes, what type of
change the radio on Cathy and o fraction, whether it is a subtle
change or whether it is a pronounced change, whether it is a
very, very clear change.
Furthermore, why there you been? FC, Obi, Mahi, window, when the
change,
some impurity falls into some water. Blood falls into water.
Why? There's a European city, so blood fell into a lot of water,
500 liters of water, blood fell into there. Then the water just
remained. And over a few days, you look into the water, you taste the
water, you smell the water, the the change that occurred as a
result of the blood falling into the water. That particular change,
it dissipated. There was an Evanescence of it. It's gone. If
that happens, why does that radio, if that change, which came about,
ceases to exist? PFC, either by itself. So what is just standing
obima in or a person adds water, irrespective, as we will see now,
whether that water added is used water, impure water, whatever the
case may be, water is added to that volume of water which is
really considered a lot, and as a result, the change goes away. What
happens in all of those instances considered to be pure walayato,
either Zara will be Miskin or Justin or to rabid, however, very
importantly,
the water will not be considered pure if that change went away.
And I'm using the word went away sort of in italics, because we
will understand what went away now means bimiskin, a person added
Musk perfume to it. Oh, zafaran. We added Zafar to it, or we added
sand, or whatever else the case may be, added to it, and now the
change is gone. Why? Very importantly, because,
because,
when this happens, and it the change that was brought about
because of coming into contact with an impure substance that
changed the taste, smell
or color of the water. When you add something like Zafar on or you
add must to it, you don't know whether that removes the change,
or whether it is simply concealing the the change. So if the water is
a lot, it will not be considered impure by mere contact with the
impurity. That is very clear only when a change comes about. What is
the proof for that? The proof for the fact that a lot of water, when
a lot of water comes into contact with an impurity, mere contact
doesn't really impure. What is the proof for that? The proof for that
is the second of the prophet that says canI Lamia.
From the explanatory note side. But if you were to be reading the
text, the Father, the short abridgement only the text, you'd
find that this the author says, and Naja said, and he makes a
listing. This is quite common for our scholars to do, that they
define something by giving you a list. So if you wanted to, it's
definition by way of example. So they will tell you that impure
items and they give you a list, then you'd be able to ascertain
from the list that is provided to you that these items are
considered to be impure, and you will be able to understand what is
meant by impurity. So the author defines najasa by listing as many
others do, one just at here. So now we get into the text proper,
and now we go into our our list. It reads as follows. One just said
here, impurities are as follows. Number one, albolugos. The one
thing would be albolu urine. Number two would be waluga. It
refers to
thesis, if you wanted to what rose and rose also refers to thesis. So
now, what is the understanding in terms, or rather, what is the
difference between right on the one side and rose on the on the
other side? So let me just go through that again with the last
one. Naja said here impurities. They are listed as follows. Number
one would be bow, in other words,
urine. Number two would be
right. Refers to feces, but now human feces, human excreta. If you
want to do what rose refers to exactly the same thing, feces, but
not human feces. It refers to animal feces and animal excreta.
Now these, for those of us who are maybe interested in a little bit
of the English, the word Aloha. It not in the English, but just
understanding the word Aloha. It refers to a low lying area. Low
lying area so when a person would want to relieve himself or herself
in
years gone by, they would go to bait and area and empty area, in
other words, to the outskirts, and then they would search for a low
lying area. And in that low lying area, they would deposit the
thesis now the low lying area that is actually referred to as the
right. But now, as the language would work, what they do is
because a person goes there and deposits his feces in that low
lying area. The name of the low lying area is called right. That
name is given to what he deposits there. In English, that particular
phenomenon is referred to as metonymy, so it's a
metanomical,
metanomical
application of that particular word in Allah SWT. Getting back to
our point of discussion, the impurities are listed as follows,
urine, number one, animal feces and human feces. So let's look at
it. Urine, human feces, animal feces,
irrespective whether the animal may be an edible animal, or
whether it be a non edible animal in the form of fish, birds or
insects, any type of feces, whether you can eat the animal or
not, it's considered to be as impure, and Allah knows was best.
What is the proof for this? The proof is fairly simple and
straightforward, because the Prophet sallallahu, alayhi wa
sallam, he commanded, and this is a very famous incident, he
commanded that Ruta be poured over urine, which a Bedouin had
had
put
in the mosque
because the Prophet, he commanded that water be poured over the
urine of a Bedouin who had passed water in the in the mosque,
had the urine been pure, then the Prophet saw some would not have
commanded that the water be passed over there. Clearly from thee we
established that urine is impure. Wajma lu Alama, as regards to
feces, as regards to excreta coming from the *, there is a
consensus amongst the scholars that it is considered to be
impure, and Allah SWT knows, knows best. We go on to the next form of
impurity. We still listing the Nigeria said. The next one reads
well, kayho. The next reads as Kay refers to pass, wawada, mustahi al
fayed bus, if you look at it in reality, in terms of its origin,
it is blood, but it is blood which has changed, and blood which has
changed for the better, for the worse, which has changed for the
worse and comes out in the form of of pass.
Stands, however, consuming the extent which into a ticket would
be impure, and Allah knows best. We continue with our listing of
those things which are impure. And the next item we come to, or items
rather, would be, well, kalbu al hinziru, wafaro akhadima. And this
would be the last slide for today's lesson. Barak Allah fiku,
well, kalbu al hinzi Wafa akhadima, the dog and the pig, and
anything which is born from the two of them. Why? Because of the
statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam,
either if a dog drinks from the container of any of you fell you
recall a person should discard that water there so Malia and he
should wash it seven times. The narration establishes the impurity
of his mouth, which is the purest part of his body, the same ruling
would thus afford to yori to a greater degree applied to the
balance of his body. And Allah knows as best. This brings us to
the end of today's lesson. In next week's lesson, we Nila Subhana wa
taala. We are going to be looking at what are we going to be looking
at? We are going to be looking at impure substance. The list
continues. We're going to finish off that particular lesson with
Nila sumaha, and then we are going into the next chapter. I don't
have the text in front of me. It will be the chapter following
impure substances. Bid nila, Subhana talabada, kalau fiku
Jamia. There's
a question in terms of the bucket that one puts in a well be equal
to kulatain,
very much. It depends on the size of the bucket, really. But that
particular bucket, I don't think would be, would be 216
liters, because 216 liters look, if I look at the measurement, we
have these tanks to store water, Jojo Thanks for calling. I have a
500 liter one. So I'm thinking half of that 500 liter. Look at
500 liters, really big. So unless you have a really big, you know,
like bucket that goes down into the well, and you could probably
get that, and this is a fairly big bucket, otherwise, generally, a
bucket is not going to be that big in Allah knows those Best
BarakAllahu, a
One
participant I