Muhammad Carr – 07 Purification after Relieving Oneself and Ritual Bath Ba Fadl’s Short Abridgement

Bismillah, Rahman Ibrahim

Alhamdulillah. Alami

wa Salla to assalamu. Alai waasiddly, Amari, wahlu, Okada,

milisani of kaukauli allahuna, one Farnam Tana was in

Allahumma in as aluka. Ilman yanfa, una urifa, una

allahuma Inna seluka. Ilman Yan fauna, allahuma in nasaluka. Ilman

mutaka, conversia? Wamali,

mutaka, belawaina, well, Hatha, ala tema Suki, bikita, BiLlah was

soon natural. Suri, sallAllahu, Ali wa alihi was Abu Asmaa. WABA,

Abu Asmaa, Alikum, warahmatullahi, taala, obarakatu, alhamdul, the

grace and mercy of Allah. Subhana wa taala, we have now reached

lesson number seven. The previous lesson dealt with the etiquette

relating to relieving oneself. Akram akumula, may Allah honor

you. These are issues relating to personal hygiene. And normally,

when our scholars

discuss issues of this nature, they would always prefix it or

suffix it with the statement that goes Akram akumula, may Allah

honor you. As some of the discussions may be a bit

sensitive, so we've looked at the etiquette relating to believing

oneself, and now we will go into the rules relating to istingja

proper. In other words, when a person goes to the toilet to

relieve himself, either to pass water or to pass stool, then what

are the necessary steps that he or she must take in order to ensure

that they have met the requirements when it comes to

cleansing oneself. I must also apologize from the outset, we are

currently in our winter season on the southernmost top of Africa, so

by the grace and mercy of Allah subhana wa taala. Today is one of

those

rainy days, and you may hear the rain pouring in the background.

You may be wondering to yourself, what is that particular sound? It

is nothing else but the rain and the blessings of Allah subhana wa

Taala pouring down on us, Allahu, Maha walena, wa Allah wala Alaina.

We ask Allah subhana wa Taala to send down the rains not upon us,

but around us. Allahumma, Saeb nafiya, and we ask Allah subhana

wa Taala to grant us good rains, so without further ado. And also,

rest assured, in terms of the recording I do the class live, and

we have a recording of the very same lesson, but that I do

separately, so the background noise inshallah will not impact in

that particular regard. So what we're going to do is, we're going

to, for today, be looking into the concept of stinger.

Having completed this particular preparation, I found out that the

mukhtasar al Latif Al mutasar Al Latif follows short abridgment.

The original text does not contain this chapter. The author of Al

Bayan wa tarif, he included this chapter just to complete the

benefits, since we were talking about

the phenomenon of.

We were talking about the phenomenon of the etiquette of

relieving oneself. But the author doesn't discuss istingja proper.

So albayan watarif

makes up for that by adding this chapter. So we read through

inshAllah istingja. We look at the meaning first. So classically,

when our scholars approach any given issue, excuse me,

when our scholars approach any given issue isting, by way of

example, they will break down the issue into the literal meaning on

the one side and the technical meaning on the other side. So in

terms of our slide, we have the following the meaning the literal

and we have the technical meaning. What is the literal meaning of

istingja? Literally? It means al qato. It basically means to cut

something. Kata Aya, Kota O means to cut an example in the

application of the literal lexical meaning of the term istingja, how

scholars would say najo to shajarata. In other words, kata to

shajara. I cut the three.

What's always interesting would be the waju tasmiya. The reason why

istingja is called istingja. So if I have a piece of wood and I cut

the wood, I would say najo to shajarah. What happens is, when a

person relieves himself, a remnants of the impurities remain

behind. What does he do? As if

he removes that, he cuts that off from his body. So a person passes

urine, Akram, akumala, or a person passes to and they are remnants of

impurities, he makes istingja, literally, he cuts off the impure

substance from his body, which is considered to be pure, and Allah

knows as best. So that's the literal meaning of the word

istingja to cut I had and Allah knows best. Perhaps there is a

basis for it. I had initially thought that the word istingja

comes from the root letters Naja and Naja meaning to save, to save

oneself. So estinja, Tala, buja, to seek salvation. Salvation from

what? Salvation from the impurities? And Allah swantole

knows, knows best. We've looked at two possible literal meanings. The

latter I don't know, but the former is recorded in bayanwa

tariff. So it's very clear. Literally, the word is India means

to to cut. Technically, what does the concept mean? What does the

term mean? It refers to is a little harage and najis al

mulawit, Minal, Farage, Anil Farage, Bima in Oh hajarin. So

that is a mouthful in terms of the definition, but the definition is

important for us to understand. What does istingja Technically

refer to? So when a person goes to the loo, he performs istingja.

What does that refer to? It refers to is a little harage. It is to

remove alharij That which has exited the body, either on the

frontal private part or the rear private part is a little courage

to remove

that which has exited the body, and the nature of that which has

exited the body is and najis, Israel to look and najis removing

the excreta which has come out of the Body, and najis which is

impure. Al mulawi, and furthermore, this impure substance

has the potential to sully you, in other words, to to dirty you.

Minal farud, to remove this from the private organ, so every one of

us have the experience. And it is a blessing,

perhaps not the most palatable blessing to mention. But that's

why, when we exit the toilet, as we read the etiquette, we say,

horanak, lakufranak, so huronic They means, Oh Allah, I express my

gratitude for what Allah the adhabani for you have removed from

me harm wa afani, and you have granted me cure. Alhamdulillah

afani, so you and I, we have the experience of relieving ourselves.

So what happens when we relieve ourselves? We remove the urine and

we remove the stool. Now, in that particular process, after one has

relieved oneself, then there are still remnants of impurity on the

private organs. So is there a tulhari to remove that which has

exited the body? And what's the nature of that which has exited it

is impure? It has the ability to to Sully. You mean alfaru to

remove that from the private part, whether it is your front private

part, whether it is the rear private part, Bima in our and how

does one do that? One either uses water or one uses stones, or in

today's time, you would use the equivalent. So there we go.

Alhamdulillah, having read through the technical meaning, so in other

words, very simply, to remove what remains of impurities on the

private organs, front or.

Year after you have relieved you yourself. But these clauses are

very, very important, because what will happen now, as we will

discuss in a moment, do we discuss that? Yes, we look at that

particular discussion later on. But what we clearly see here is

that when a definition has certain clauses, then it is meant to

include certain things and exclude certain other things interesting

to know, and you may have had the experience. It also depends on

what type of bowel movement a person has and what type of diet a

person has, but it's very possible that a person can have a healthy

diet, and then when a person that relieves oneself, you find that

he's able to excrete, for lack of a better word, able to pass urine

and pass to in a manner that nothing remains on his private

organs. If that happens, does istinger Apply or not? To the best

of my understanding, in that particular instance, is not

compulsory. Why? Because eastinja is defined as removing that which

exits from the private parts whilst

it can sully the surrounds or beyond the surrounds of the human

body. And Allah SWT knows was best. So just a little bit in

terms of assisting us, Allah in furthering our understanding in

terms of what isting means and familiar clearly, it need not be

mentioned, but we do understand that cleanliness is next to God

godliness and Allah SWT knows as best. The next issue, which we

look at very quickly, would be the concept of when was isting Ja

legislated. So our scholars say that Shuri al istingja, uma al

Hulu lateral israi, that when Salah was legislated, then

whatever one requires in order to perform Salah was legislated at

the same time. So if we look at the prayer, a condition of the

prayer is is Hulu, but before you have wudu, you have to relieve

yourself. And if you relieve yourself, you have to remove all

impurities from your body. So the night that Salah was legislated,

then what led up to Salah in this particular instance, isting ja was

also legislated, and Allah knows best. There's another view which

says wakila fi awail Bertha. Another view says that when the

Prophet, sallAllahu, alaihi wasallam was dispatched, was

appointed officially as a messenger, we received, deceived

revelation from inception. At that particular occasion, then

isting Ja was legislated, and Allah SWT knows as best what we're

going to look through now be in the last would be, what are the

rules of eastinja? What are the rules of East India? Now, when we

talk about akam, wakamu, istingja, hamsaton, the rules of eastinja

are five. When we talk about rules, what does it relate to?

From an Islamic perspective, there are five rulings any given

phenomenon,

sitting and teaching, our acquisition of of knowledge, this

particular pursuit that we are currently engaged in, the pursuit

of of learning, that has a particular ruling, it's going to

fall into one of the five rulings. What are those particular rulings?

The first one would be, and maybe we can understand it in this

particular way. The first one would either be wajib, in other

words, compulsory, necessity and the opposite, the polar opposite

of that, would be haram, in other words, impermissible. So

compulsory and impermissible, wajib and haram. Then the next

would be mandu, recommended for you to do it. And then the

opposite of mandu would be makru, reprehensible. In other words, if

you omit it, you get rewarded, but if you do it, you won't get

punished. And right in the middle, we have the HUKUM of ibaha, in

other words, something which is religiously neutral. So when we

look at eastinger as a phenomenon, as a phenomenon eastinger, in

other words, to remove to let's say you're using water or you're

using stones or toilet paper. So using water and toilet paper to

cleanse yourself after having relieved yourself. What is the

ruling? Our scholars say that there are five rulings, depending

on the circumstances. Number one would be a NAD. There's an

instance which I alluded to earlier on, and that would be,

there's an instance where it is another. In other words, the

ruling is not the word NAD relates to mandu. In other words, it is

recommended. What is recommended? Mean, what is the ruling of

recommended? If you do it, you'll get rewarded. If you omit it,

Allah will not punish you. Allah will not take you to to task. So

the first ruling discussed here, okay, I'm discussing it out of

sync, so we look at the word NAD. First. NAD means mandu

recommended. When is it recommended from a solid which

does not Sally? So like I explained earlier on, that a

person goes to relieve himself.

He passes stool, but he passes stool cleanly in a way that he

deposit, deposits the stool into the toilet pot. Akara makuma,

Allah anahu, without any

impurity remaining at the point of exit on his *. Arama kumula,

may Allah anahu, an example would be, the examples given here would

be worms or or bar would mean a solid which comes out, and a worm,

a person goes to the loo to relieve himself, he's defecating,

and then nothing comes out except for a worm. A worm is considered

to be a pure substance. In that particular instance, it's not

necessary for him to make isting. Ja, but rather recommended. Let's

go to the first one. I did number two. First. I'm going to do number

one, Albu.

There are instances where istinger is compulsory from every such

impurity that that salaries. So generally, when a person goes to

the loo, generally, in terms of our times, want to protect us in

our time. If we go to the loo, one relieves oneself, and then he

release himself in such a manner that traces, not only traces, but

parts of the corporeal of the body, of the impurity that is

exited from his body, parts of that body, or that particular

corporeal remains on the private parts. And therefore it is

necessary for him to to wash it. An example I'm giving is urine and

stool. But you obviously understand the type of urine and

stool in light of what we had mentioned in number two. So the

first ruling is, either it's compulsory to make istingja,

there's an instance where it is recommended to make eastinger.

Number three, there's an instance where it is makru for you to make

istingja. What is that particular instance? That instance is when a

person experiences flatulence, a person passes a wind, and so he

dashes to the toilet, and he places himself or herself on the

toilet pot and pours water over his private part. That is actually

reprehensible for a person to do that. And Allah knows knows best

Now, whilst experiencing a wind, passing a wind, experiencing

flatulence, does break the wudu, it doesn't Sally one, because it

is not a solid form. It is a gaseous substance that comes out

of the private part in Allah knows best. Al ibaha, the ruling that

our scholars give you. So what have we done? Wajib, we've done

mandu Buddha in makru, and now our our scholars talk about ibaha is

an instance where it is actually permissible for you to, not

permissible, but rather religiously neutral, for you to

perform East India. What would be that it's an awfully hot day and

your entire body is drenched with sweat, so you decide to go to the

loo and to wash your or to wash your private private parts. Some

of our scholars say that that would be an example of isting Ja

being religiously neutral. In other words, Allah is indifferent

whether you wash your private parts in that particular instance

or you don't wash your private parts in that particular instance.

The footnote here takes issue with that example and says that we

don't refer to that as istingja. We basically refer to that as

schooling of or we use some other term, but we don't refer to it as

Eastern Jain Allah SWT, the next, the next set of rulings, as is

clearly in front of you would be

there's a ruling of istingja, where the ruling is actually

haram. Otherwise it is impermissible for you to do it.

Impermissible, meaning what haruma Haram, meaning that if you do it,

you will get punished. If you're omitted, you will get rewarded. In

this particular instance, as you come to learn later. There are

some sometimes things that you that a person may do in and of

itself. It is considered to be haram, it is considered to be

impermissible, but it is still valid at the same time. So here we

have an instance of eastinja, where it is haram for you to

perform isting Ja in this particular manner, in this

particular mode. However, the easting gel will be valid. In

other words, after that, you can go perform your Urdu and make your

Salah. There's no problem. What is this example? The example here

would be making Eastern gel with something that has been usurped.

So

I need to go to the loo.

I need a toilet paper. So I usurp, I * somebody's toilet roll

from them, and I run and into the toilet, and I bolted door, so I'm

relieving myself,

and I'm using that usurp toilet paper to clean myself. Is the

cleansing, the removal of the impurity? Is that going to be

considered valid? Yes, however, Allah is going to take you to task

for usurping and using usurp material to clean yourself. And

Allah SWT knows knows best. So making istingja was something that

has been usurped. Allah grant us understanding. Allah grant us

sincerity. Making istingja was something which has been usurped.

It is impermissible,

albeit valid, so it's important also for us to draw a.

Have to use water, and Allah knows best. Number five, the stone

should remove the corporeal, and only the effects should remain.

That only water and fine clay should should remove. So when

you're using toilet paper or whatever other substance, it must

remove the corporeal. If you're using a substance and it doesn't

help in terms of removing the corporeal, the Arabic terminology

for this would be Kalyan. It must be able to remove, must be able to

separate the impurity from the body. If you're using a substance

and it doesn't help at all in terms of removing the corporeal

either because of its elasticity or whatever other reason they may

be, then it's not permissible to use that particular material, one

would have to add water to the equation number six, three wipes

with three stones, or using one stone with three with three sides.

It's important a person, as we lead himself, there's some

impurity. He makes one wipe and he cleans himself. Can he stand up

and go about his business? No, it is necessary, because the Prophet

SAW Syrian inspected that it must at least be three wipes. Three

wipes can be with three different sets of material, or one piece of

material that you can use three sides of and Allah SWT knows is

best. Number seven, the material used to clean must be literally

pure. It cannot be something which is impure. Number eight, the

material must be able to remove the impurity, like toilet paper

and and stones. How does that tie into the other one? The stone

should remove the corporal so there's about removal. And the

material was able to remove the impurity. I can't seem to figure

out at this point in time the difference between number

five and number eight, but we'll look into that again. Be the last

one. The material should not be venerated, as we had discussed

already. If the material is venerated, and then the ruling

would be, it is impermissible, which is a very solid ruling in

terms of our veneration for material goods that have a

utility. One cannot

devalue material that has a value by using it to cleanse one from

impurities. SubhanAllah. The next issue, which we look at with the

last subahanu wa Taala in today's lesson would be hustle and related

issues between the last subahan wa Taala and again, we're going to

follow the same procedure. So by now, you would sort of be

comfortable to a certain degree in terms of what we look at

Barak, Allahu, fikom. So we're going to look at the at the at the

Russell Now very quickly, VID nila, subhana wa taala, and then

we will take some questions as we go along. So what is the meaning

of Russell? So again, our breakdown, the standard Fiti

jurisprudential breakdown would go along the following lines, and

they are, what is the literal meaning of the term hustle and

what is the technical meaning of the term Hus so the literal

meaning of the term rusla would be say Nalu, saylan ulna a literally

the term hustle, Literally the term Russell. It means, say, say,

learn ulna, a to cause water to flow on something, to cause water

to flow on something. That's the literal meaning of abusal. So for

example, I would say rail. Mean deal, I washed this handkerchief.

What does it mean? It means I caused water to flow upon this

particular

material, which is my handkerchief. In the example, what

is the technical meaning of the concept of Russell? The technical

meaning would read as follows, saylan Ali AJAMI il Baden, Bini,

yetin, masu, satin RUSAL, when we refer to Hus particularly

technically, a nice Translation given by some of our scholars,

Akram akumula, a

baraka of So, the literal meaning of the word hustle would be to

pour water over a given substance. The technical meaning would be

saylan will ma ala jami il Badin Bini, to cause water to flow over

the entire body with a given intention, with a specific

intention.

It is. It has been beautifully translated as a purificatory bath.

Shah muhamming, in his translations, I found him to use

the word purificatory bath, which is a fairly nice meaning.

BarakAllahu, we go on to the next issue, wayajibul, huslumin hamsati

Ashe. What we got, what we are going to be dealing with, would

be, when does a purificatory boss become compulsory? So the author,

and now we're getting back into the text of Abu Chuja, or rather

Al muqtasar Al Latif. But for those short abridgement, we're

getting into the cortex proper. He says, where.

Birth years in extension, and this is considered to be a minor

premise. What is the major premise? The major premise would

be that when sperm exits the body, then it necessitates a

purificatory bath. A child is considered to be a compound

piece of sperm. The sperm travels into the body, and the sperm to

the ovum and the ovaries comes back into the womb and attaches to

the wall of the womb, and his eye goat is formed. And in all of the

other stages, the origin of that particular child is a sperm. But

that sperm has been compounded, so when that compound sperm exits,

the same ruling that applies to a simple sperm applies to a compound

sperm, and Allah SWT, that is the ruling. So this applies even if it

is a dry birth, a baby comes out and the lady is a driver. What is

mean by dry birth, that the lady gives birth

and only the baby pops out, no other liquid pops out.

So irrespective whether it is a dry birth or otherwise, childbirth

necessitates a purificatory bath, even if it is a zygote or lump of

flesh, which the necessary are, the beginnings of a human being. A

lady has a a miscarriage, may Allah protect

the jurisprudential consequence of a childbirth.

The nurses, doctors, professionals

say, absolutely with all probability that this was the

beginnings of a child, but it was miscarried in

that particular instance as well, it is construed as a childbirth,

and therefore the purificatory birth becomes compulsory. The next

issue would be, what about the Cesarean birth? Here? We have a

very interesting issue, because

it is a form of childbirth, but not the conventional. I wouldn't

say conventional, because Cesarean birth is becoming somewhat of a

convention natural birth, the exit point would be the private organ

of a lady. So is there a difference when the child exits

along the natural route or when you have a cesarean procedure? Our

scholars say

both childbirth applies to both whether it's by cesarean or

whether it's by natural birth, it would necessitate a purificatory

bath. And a Los Angeles based, there's also another interesting

issue which came to my mind whilst reading, and that is, if

childbirth necessitates a purificatory bath and postnatal

bleeding also necessitates a purifier. When do you perform that

purificatory bath. So a lady gives birth, so now a purification bath

is binding upon her, but she immediately starts bleeding, and

it's supposed natal bleeding. So must she perform the purificatory

bath of childbirth whilst in a state of postnatal bleeding, or

must that be deferred? The ruling is very clear from our scholars,

and they say that childbirth would necessitate a purificatory bath if

the lady does not go into postnatal bleeding. However, when

she goes into postnatal bleeding, then she can't perform a

purificatory bath while she's bleeding. She have to wait till

the end of the term. Now, when her postnatal bleeding comes in, at

that particular juncture, she will perform one purificatory bath, and

that will cover the purification bars for childbirth as well as the

postnatal green and Allah SWT knows as best. And that brings us

to an end of today's lesson, Baraka, lafik, Jain

Alhamdulillah,

perhaps, maybe, if there are any questions or the like Inshallah,

we can take those, and then we can Bring our class two and in

barakah, lafik, Jamia, You

Questions, please.

Barnacle of ficum. If there are no questions, Inshallah, we'll call

it a day. And if you do have questions that you that may come

to mind you're after, please feel free to post them on Moodle or any

of the other platforms.