Kamil Ahmad – Lessons from the Seerah #75 The Conquest of Makkah P3
AI: Summary ©
The interviewer discusses the atmosphere at Makkah during the conquest of Makkah, including the holy holy holy holy holy holy holy holy holy holy holy holy holy holy holy. They also discuss the importance of testing one's Islam, including weakening their image, and the importance of trusting before giving up their beliefs. The interviewer emphasizes the importance of respecting elders and remaining loyal to those who support and defend the values of Islam. They also mention the importance of bringing an end to customs and values of the dry eye and the status quo in Islam.
AI: Summary ©
We continue on
with
Fat Makkah,
the conquest
of Makkah.
And so last week we spoke about how
the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
and the Muslims, how they entered Mecca.
We looked at how
the very first thing that the Prophet did
was to proceed straight to the Kaaba
and he made tawaf around the Kaaba
and then he entered
into the Kaaba
and cleaned it
of
all of these manifestations of shirk and kufr.
And he destroyed all of the idols
that were present around
the Kaaba.
And then he had Bilal radiAllahu anhuang to
climb onto the Kaaba and give the Adan.
And then after that, he announced his
general pardon or amnesty,
for the people of Mecca.
However, he made exceptions.
There were certain individuals who did not deserve
to be included
in that pardon.
And so now we continue on to mention
the rest of
the
events that took place
on that day.
First of all,
what was
the atmosphere like on that day in Mecca?
We mentioned
how the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam entered Mecca.
On that day,
he entered reciting Surat Al Fath,
and that was out of gratitude
to Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala.
He didn't
attribute the victory to himself
or to his military power,
his personal efforts, but rather
he was attributing it to Allah Subhanahu Wa
Ta'ala.
And so this was his way of showing
thanks and gratitude to Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala.
According
to Saeed ibn Musayib,
he was 1 of the Tabireen,
he says that particular day was not a
day of celebration.
It wasn't
a day of partying.
He says when the Muslims entered Mecca
on the day of Al Fath,
on the day of the conquest,
they remained saying Takbir
and
tahleel
saying La Illaha illallah and
performing tawaf
around the Kaaba
all the way until
the night and into into the following morning.
All the way into the night
and into the following
morning.
And so this gives us
an idea of what the atmosphere was like
in Makkah on that day.
The Muslims, how did they mark
that significant day?
Not like other people would
partying
all day, all night
and enjoying themselves in haram,
but rather
the Muslims
marked
it in the ibadah of Allah.
In the ibadah of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala.
You know, the entire day right into the
night and the following morning,
the Muslims are making tawaf,
they are making zikr of Allah Subhanahu wa
Ta'ala. You go in the streets and everyone's
just
saying takbir and tahileer, etcetera.
And so
this was what the atmosphere was like in
Mecca on that day.
So now,
Abu Sufyan, we mentioned, he had just embraced
Islam
right before the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
entered Mecca. He met him outside of Mecca
and he had embraced Islam.
He went home to his wife Hind and,
you know, after seeing
the scene
of the Muslims in Mecca, he asked her,
do you think that this is from Allah?
You know, he was impressed by
the scene.
Never
has Mecca witnessed anything like it before.
So she said, yes. This is definitely from
Allah.
Then
a short while later,
Abu Sufyan goes and meets the Prophet Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam.
And the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam says,
oh Abu Sufyan,
you told Hind,
do you think this is from Allah?
And she replied, yes,
I think this is from Allah.
So Abu Sufyan said,
Ashahadu
An Naka Rasulullah,
I testify that you are the Messenger of
Allah. No 1 overheard
our conversation.
There was no 1
there but me and her.
Now why would the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam do this?
Remember how
earlier, prior to,
entering Mecca, we mentioned the story of the
Islam of Abu Sufyan
And we mentioned how when he came
while the Muslims were camped out outside of
Mecca before
entering for the conquest of Mecca.
He was brought by Al Abbas ibn Abdul
Muttalib and
You know, he basically The prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam asked him, do you testify that
there's none worthy of worship except Allah? And
he said yes.
But then the prophet of the Prophet SAW
Alaihi Wasallam asked him, do you testify that
I am the messenger of Allah?
And Abu Sufyan replied,
As for this,
I still have some reservation in my heart
for this.
So he was still hesitant about that part.
But then Al Abbas said to him, Woe
to you.
You know,
you're gonna face the sword if you don't
testify.
And so he said it. He said,
Rasulullah, Ashhadulullah Muhammadan
Abdul Rasulullah.
So anyways, he still said it.
So perhaps now, Rasool Allah Subhayahu Wa Salam
after seeing that original
initial hesitation,
he wanted to strengthen the iman of Abu
Sufyan
by telling him
what he told him here.
You know, no 1 can know this except
for a messenger who is receiving
revelation from Allah,
And it was important for
him to do something like this with the
likes of Abu Sufyan.
Abu Sufyan was a leader.
He was no ordinary individual.
Another
incident that took place on that day
was
the story of Abu Kuhafa.
Abu Quhaffa was
the father of Abu Bakr radiAllahu anhu.
And so
he was old,
and he was still
a kafir on that day.
So he told his youngest daughter,
this was right before
the conquest,
He told his youngest daughter to take him
on top of a mountain overseeing Mecca.
And his sight was very weak
So he told his daughter, describe to me
what you see.
So she said, I see a black mass.
He said, Those are the horsemen.
Then he asked her, What do you see?
She says,
I see a man going back and forth.
He said, That is the man who gives
instructions to the cavalry.
Then he asked her, What do you see?
She said, I see the black mass dispersing.
So he said,
the orders have been given to the cavalry.
Now let's rush back.' That's it. The orders
have been given to the army.
Now they're gonna start advancing into Mecca. Let's
hurry back home.
So it so happened
that they didn't make they did not make
it back home in time.
And so
the army, the Muslim army met them on
the way.
So 1 of the soldiers of the Muslim
army, he noticed
a silver necklace
on the daughter of Abu Kuhafa,
so he took it from her.
Then later on that day after the conquest,
Abu Bakr radiAllahu anhu anhu,
he went to his father.
And he was an old man,
but he brought him
all the way to meet the Prophet Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam.
When the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam saw the
old man,
he said to Abu Bakr,
why didn't you leave the old man at
home so that I could be the 1
who comes to him?
Abu Bakr radiAllahu anhu he said,
It is more befitting for him to come
to you
rather than
you go to him.
And so this shows us
the respect that Rasulullah
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had for Abu Bakr.
And it also shows us the respect that
Abu Bakr had for the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam.
He said it's more befitting
that I bring him to you. Yes, he's
an old man and,
you know, our elderly deserve that kind of
respect. However,
you are the messenger of Allah.
So look at how Abu Bakr radiAllahu anhu
weighed things in his eyes.
Again,
this shows us why Abu Bakr radiAllahu anhu
was who he was in terms of his
iman
and why his iman outweighs the iman of
the rest of the Ummah.
Then the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
put his hand on the chest of Abu
Khufa and he wiped his chest
and he said,
Aslim. He said, accept Islam.
And so
Abu Quhaifa, the father
of Abu Bakr radiAllahu
an,
in this old age,
he ended up accepting Islam.
And that was on the day of
Fatimaqa.
Now
he was an old man and the Prophet
sallallahu alaihi wa sallam noticed that
his beard was white.
His beard was white.
So
the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam told them
to
change the color,
to dye his hair, but he told them
to avoid using black.
And so from this, the scholars
they say that
an old man is not supposed to dye
his hair black
because
that is not the natural color of his
hair.
He's expected to have a change
to gray or white, and so if he
dyes his hair black that's deceiving.
Whereas
many scholars they say that if a person
is young and he happens to have
gray or white hair, he could
dye it black. But there is a difference
of opinion among the scholars
concerning that. Some say black is completely
not permissible but others say it is for
those who are young. Why? Because their natural
color is black and so it's not deceiving.
Then the daughter of Abu Bakr Abu
Khufa,
the sister of
Abu Bakr radiAllahu an,
she told her brother
about the necklace
that was taken from her.
And so Abu Bakr radiyaAllahu anhu, he asked
the people.
He said, 'O people,
who has taken the necklace?'
No 1 responded.
So Abu Bakr said to his sister,
he said,
He said,
He said,
you know, look forward to the reward of
Allah, for Allah to compensate
for what you have been take what has
been taken from you on this day.
He said, Because
trust has been lost or is very little
among the people
on this day.
Now ibn Kathir, he comments on this
and he mentions
he tries to give excuses
to the Muslims.
He says
that Abu Bakr said this
because the army was very large
and perhaps some in the Muslim army
considered it to be halal
given that they were at war
and they were allowed to take from the
enemy
and they did not hear that the prophet
salallahu alayhi wa sallam
gave instructions that
we're not gonna be taking anything from the
people.
He also said that Abu Bakr radiAllahu anhu
was talking about that particular day when he
said that
al amana, trust has been lost or is
very little on this day.
He said, perhaps what Abu Bakr was talking
about was this day in particular
and
not,
you know, in those days,
right?
Only that day because of these particular circumstances.
And so when an army comes
into a city, it's expected for things like
that to happen.
And so he did not mean
Al Amanah has been lost because we're still
in the days of the Prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam.
You know, degeneration and you know, people becoming
corrupt happened after his time
and even after the time of the Khulafa
radiAllahu anhu.
After that,
Usama ibn Zaid radiya wakumhan,
and this is in Sahih Bukhari,
he asked the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam,
He said, Where
are you gonna spend the night?
So the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said in
response,
and did 'Aqeel
leave
any property for us?'
What was the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam talking
about here?
First of all, who is Aqeel?
He is the son of
Abu Talib.
Abu Talib had many sons.
So
here the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam was
saying that,
Aqeel
inherited
everything
from his father and left nothing behind for
his brothers,
including
Ali Radi Allahu An who was married to
the daughter of the Prophet SallAllahu
Alaihi Wasallam.
And so if Ali radiAllahu Anhu had inherited
something
like a house in Mecca, then the prophet
shalallahu alaihi wa sallam could've stayed there with
his daughter. Right?
So why did Aqeel inherit everything?
Why was nothing left behind for Ali, brother
Yuvalu Anhu?
Basically when Abu Talib passed away,
his 2 kafir sons
at that time were
Aqeel and Talib.
And so they inherited everything from him
and that included all of his possessions
which included several homes
in Mecca.
As for Ja'far
and Ali,
they were Muslims
and they did not inherit anything
from him.
If they had inherited anything from him, then
the Prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam would have
resided
in
their homes that night.
Then the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam said,
and in other narrations it's mentioned that Umar
radiAllahu an is the 1 who this statement
is attributed to. He said,
a believer does not inherit from a disbeliever,
and a disbeliever does not inherit from
a believer.
Then after that, the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam said,
we're gonna be spending the night at Haif
Bani KiNana
where Quraysh
took an oath upon Kufr,
Haynat Qasamu alal Kufr.
The Prophet
here he was talking about a place
in Mecca. It was in an area
of Mecca known as Al Khadjud.
This is where
Quraysh had come together
to make a pledge to boycott Bani Hashim
and the Muslims.
If you recall,
we spoke about this story
in the days of Mecca.
Quraysh
had made an agreement that we're gonna boycott.
The Muslims were gonna lay siege to them
economically,
economic sanctions,
and no 1 is allowed to do any
trade with them.
And it was here that they had, you
know, come together and made that agreement.
So the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam wanted
to replace
that evil with good.
Right? Because that is what this day was
all about.
You know,
conquering
Mecca, replacing
shirk with a tawhid,
and Kufr with iman.
Now let us not forget
that a large group of the Muslims who
accompanied
the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam on this day
from Madinah
were not
natives of Makkah.
And so without a doubt, this day was
very significant for the Muhajirun
who were
expelled from their hometown.
And they made a lot of sacrifices
and now
they were extremely joyous about this day
coming back to their beloved hometown
as victors
including
the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam himself.
But what about those who were not from
Mecca?
Those who were from Madinah,
the Ansar.
What were they thinking
and how were they feeling?
They started to think
that now that Rasulullah
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam
was back in his hometown,
he might stay
and leave them behind.
And now they are gonna have to return
to Madinah
all alone.
So while the Muhajirun
were
in an extremely
joyous state,
the Ansar here started to go into depression.
And so now he's in Mecca, his beloved
hometown
with his relatives and his people.
So he's gonna leave them behind and that's
it. That's the end of it.
So the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam was
informed about this by Jibril.
It came as wahib.
So he called the unsar
and he said,
You have said
that the man has been taken by compassion
for his tribe, meaning Muhammad salallahu alaihi wa
sallam,
and
a desire for his hometown.
So what is my name then? He asked
him, What what is my name?
He repeated this 3 times.
Then he said, I am Muhammad,
the servant and the messenger of Allah.
I migrated to Allah and to you.
Hajarutu
illaikum.
Living with you is my life
and dying with You is my death.
And so when they heard this, they started
crying
and
they said, By Allah,
we only said that out
of reverence
for Allah and His Messenger.
We only said that
out of our love for you
because we want you to stay with us.
So the Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam said, Allah
and his messenger believe you
and excuse you.
Now during the Prophet's stay in Mecca,
he delivered
several khutbaas
or short speeches.
In the first 1,
this was when
he entered
Mecca and he made it to the Kaaba,
and he entered the Kaaba. And when he
came out,
basically as soon as he came out of
the Kaaba,
he got onto the door of the Kaaba
and
this is when he announced his
parting,
when he asked the people, what do you
think I'm gonna do with you?
And they said,
you know, you are known to be generous
and so he sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said,
fa'amtu muttulaka,
I have freed you. You are free.
So
in that speech,
he actually began it by saying,
He started by praising Allah. He said, All
praise belongs to Allah,
the 1
who has fulfilled His promise
and given victory to His servant
and defeated
the Confederates,
the allies,
the enemies
all by himself.
So again, notice how the Prophet
attributed the victory to Allah
and not to himself.
Then he announced his,
you know, amnesty, Alaafulaam.
Then he instituted
some new laws in Mecca.
Specifically,
the law for
murder,
shibh al amd, which is
semi intentional killing.
And that
the compensation for that is a 100 camels.
Then he said,
All privilege of ancestry
and pride that existed in Jahiliyyah are all
over.
All of you are from Adam
and Adam was from dust. And then he
recited
the ayah from Suratul Hujurat, You
O mankind,
we have indeed created you from a male
and a female
and we made you into nations and tribes.
For what purpose?
So that you could get to know 1
another.
And indeed, the most honorable among you
are those who have the most taqwa.
So Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala clarified
that in Islam,
the lines are not drawn along ethnic or
racial lines.
We do not distinguish
between ourselves based on that, but rather
based on iman and
taqwa. So this was the first speech.
The second speech he delivered the following morning.
And in this speech, he reaffirmed
the sanctity of Mecca,
the sacredness of Mecca,
and clarified for the people
of Mecca
who may have thought
that he had changed
the rule here,
the rule of
the sanctity and the sacredness of Mecca
by allowing bloodshed to take place on that
day within
the boundaries of the Haram.
Because we mentioned previously
that even
the Arabs
held
Mecca to be extremely sacred
and it was a red line,
it was a no no
to fight
within the boundaries of Mecca
or to cause any bloodshed.
So that happened on this day.
So the Prophet shalallahu alaihi wa sallam wanted
to clarify
this doubt in their minds.
Or it could be because it was mentioned,
it's been mentioned that
1 of the tribes,
Huza,
they basically took revenge
by killing
someone from a rival tribe and this happened
in Mecca on that day.
So the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam wanted to
reaffirm
the sanctity of Mecca. That's it.
There is not gonna be any more bloodshed.
So in this speech,
and this is narrated by Ibn Abbas
radiAllahu an and it's in Sahih al Bukhari.
The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said,
Allah has made Makkah sacred.
And he said, It was sacred before me
and it will continue to remain sacred after
me.
It was not permitted for anyone before me,
meaning
violating
the sacredness of Mecca by fighting in it,
by by shedding blood in it, was not
permissible for anyone before me and it will
never be permissible for anyone after me.
It was only made permissible for me for
a part of the day and that was
the day of the conquest of Mecca. And
even that, not the entire day, just for
those few hours. So the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam here was clarifying that.
And then he said, going on to mention
other rules pertaining to Mecca, he said,
Its plants are not to be uprooted,
its trees are not to be cut,
its game, hunting
is not permissible,
its game is not to be chased,
and its lost items are not to be
picked up except by someone who will announce
them. So you're only allowed to pick up
something that you find
in Mecca
to announce.
You're not allowed to pick it up to
keep it.
And so
the uncle of the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam, when he heard this,
Al Abbas ibn Abdul Muttalib,
he said, O Messenger of Allah,
except for
this 1 plant,
for our Goldsmiths and our Graves.
So this particular plant, Al Ithkir,
Al Abbas was saying, Allow us to cut
this plant, to use it because this plant
had a nice
fragrance
so they would use it for their dead
For when they would
do the burial,
they would place this plant
because it had a nice fragrance and also
they would use it as,
fuel for for Goldsmiths.
So the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said
illal ikhir. So the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam made
that exception.
The third speech that the prophet sallallahu alaihi
wa sallam delivered
it focused on the unity that the Muslims
have to have among themselves
against their enemies.
And so the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
said in that speech,
O people, there is no alliance in Islam.
Any alliance that existed in Jahiliyyah,
Islam only strengthens it.
The believers are united against others.
The least of them can grant protection on
their behalf and the furthest of them returns
to
them. Their detachments
return to their base.
A believer is not killed for a disbeliever.
The blood money for a disbeliever is half
that of a Muslim
and there is no
requisitioning
of animals and no side payment.
And the zakat of the Muslims is not
to be taken except from their homes. So
here the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam clarified
more
rules
that
were pertaining to the people of the of
that time, in that era, in that people,
The people of Jahiliyyah because now
these people are just
leaving
the days of Jahiliyyah
behind them.
Now after this, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam,
he started taking bay'ah from the people.
So this was the day that he pardoned
everyone
and now the people
are coming to him to accept Islam,
to embrace Islam
in groups and roles.
So the people of Mecca all lined up
to give their bay'ah, their pledge to the
Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
Now remember previously,
whenever
someone would come to the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam
from outside of Medina
to accept Islam.
They would give him bay'ah
to accept Islam, to obey him,
and to migrate to him,
and to fight jihad
with him.
So on the day of Fat Makkah,
1 of the companions, he came to the
Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam with his brother
and he said, I have brought
my brother to you
to take your bay'ah to migrate to you.
He's gonna
migrate to you just like you took my
bay'ah,
my pledge
when I became a Muslim and I migrated
to you. Likewise, my brother wants to do
the same. So the Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam
said,
The people of hijrah
have left with whatever they have left.
That's it.
Those who made hijrah before this day,
they made it and they have
gotten their reward for that.
So the companion, he asked the Prophet
then what should
what should
he take Bayah for? The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam said, I take his pledge for Islam,
iman, and jihad.
And in the famous hadith,
a very famous hadith and this is in
Bukhari and Muslim and many other books of
hadith, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, on
the day of Fat Bakr,
He said, There is no more hijrah after
the conquest of Mecca.
But there is jihad
and sincere intention. And then he said, when
you are asked to
set out
for jihad, then you should set out.
So what does this mean?
Before
the conquest of Mecca,
Hijra was mandatory.
In fact,
it was
looked at as 1 of the pillars of
Islam.
Right? That's how it was looked at.
Anyone who became Muslim,
he had to make hijrah to Madinah
unless he was physically unable to do so.
And so there are so many ayat in
the Quran about this,
like the ayat in Surat An Nisa,
talking about the importance of Hijra,
and how only
they will be forgiven.
You know, except those men, women, and children
who are weak,
and they're not able to, and they're being
held back in Mecca
against their will.
They want to go but the people
of Quraysh are holding them back. Allah says
perhaps He will forgive them but not anyone
else.
And also so many statements, so many ahadith
of the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam talking
about
the importance of
Al Hijrah to him,
meaning to Madinah while he was alive.
But now,
after the conquest of Mecca,
the whole
purpose of Hijra
no longer
exists.
So now,
it's too late
to make hijrah.
Whoever did it before
this
day, they got the reward
and whoever didn't,
then that's it. They missed out.
That's because,
you know, before
the conquest of Mecca,
it was a sacrifice
to make hijrah.
But now there was no more sacrifice.
It was difficult then before.
Right? You had to
sacrifice.
You had to leave behind
your home, your family, your business.
It would be confiscated by the kuffar.
And you had to make this sacrifice and
move all the way to Madinah.
But now, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was
telling the people
that there is no more Hijra,
but there is something and that is Jihad.
So hijrah and jihad were partners.
They were synonymous. They came together. If you're
making hijrah to Madinah,
you're also pledging that you're gonna go out
in jihad with the Prophet shalallahu alaihi wa
sallam.
Now all that remained was the second part
and that was jihad until
the last
day.
Ata ibn Abi Rabah,
1 of the Tavi'im,
he narrates that they visited Aisha radiAllahu Anha
and asked her about hijrah.
So she said, There is no more Hijra
today.
There was a time when the believers would
flee with their deen to Allah and His
Messenger out of fear of being persecuted
but today. And here she's talking about
long after the death of the Prophet SallAllahu
Alaihi Wasallam.
She said, But today,
Allah has made Islam victorious
and now 1 can worship their Lord wherever
they wish.
However, there remains
Jihad and Aniyah. Jihad and
sincere intention.
Ibn Kathir,
he comments on this.
He says,
These ahadith and narrations indicate
that Hijra
whether complete or in general
seized and stopped after the conquest of Mecca
because
people were entering into the deen of Allah
in large groups
and Islam prevailed
and became established.
Therefore, there is no longer a need for
Hijra.
However,
Ibn Kathir says, However,
if a situation
arises
that necessitates
Hijra
due to living among those at war with
Islam
and the inability
to practice Islam openly among them, then Hijrah
to the land of Islam becomes obligatory.
This is a matter on which there is
no disagreement among the scholars.
He says similarly,
both
jihad
and spending in the way of Allah are
legislated
and encouraged until
the day of judgement,
but they are not like spending
or the jihad before the conquest, amakkah.
Here he's talking about the ayah
in Surat Al Hadid where Allah subhanahu wa
ta'ala says,
Allah says,
Those of you who
and they fought jihad
before
the fat, before the conquest of Mecca,
And those of you who are doing now
after, they are not equal.
They are not equal.
They, the first group, are far greater in
rank than those who spent and fought afterwards.
However,
Allah has promised both groups a great reward.
And so
this shows us the justice of Allah
and how Allah is fair.
The believers
who strove hard
and sacrifice
at the
time of hardship,
and when the muslims were weak and persecuted.
All those years in Makkah,
and then all those years in Madinah fighting
against the kuffar.
It was not easy.
It was difficult.
And so obviously,
they deserve a higher reward
than those who are now coming to accept
Islam
when it is easy and convenient to do
so,
and there is no sacrifice required. That's it.
Now everyone is accepting Islam, there's no more
hardship.
And so obviously,
the reward is gonna be greater
for those
who did so
at a time of difficulty. And
likewise,
likewise
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala
rewards us
more
for whatever we do which involves more hardship.
Then someone else
who is doing the same act
but he's doing it
in a very easy way
or
2 acts with our which are the same
that we do.
For example,
fasting
in the short days of winter
versus fasting
in the long days of the summer.
You fast both a day in the winter
and you fast a day in the summer.
Allah will reward you more
for the day that you fasted in the
summer than
the day that you fasted
in the winter. Why? Because the second Because
the first, the day in the summer
involved more hardship
than
the day in which it was easy to
fast.
After the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam finished
taking bay'a
from the men,
He then
started taking bay'ah
from the women.
Now it's important to note here
that whenever the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
would take bay'ah
from women,
whether on this day or prior to this
day or after this day,
He would not do so by shaking their
hands
as He would do with the men.
So with the men,
He would
take their hands,
right?
However, he wouldn't do that with the women.
And Aisha radiAllahu anha was asked, did the
prophet shalallahu alaihi wa sallam ever shake the
hand of women?
And she said, no, he never did. He
only touched
those who he was a maqam for.
And for the women,
the words of the Bayaha were specific
to what Allah
instructed the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam with
in surah.
Which Surah?
Surah
Al Mumtahana.
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala says,
Allah says, O Prophet,
when the believing women come to you pledging
to you
that they will neither associate partners
with Allah in worship, nor steal,
nor
commit zina,
nor kill their their children,
nor
falsely attribute
illegitimate
children to their husbands,
nor disobey you in what is right, then
accept their bayah, accept their pledge, and ask
Allah to forgive them.
Surely,
Allah is All Forgiving Most Merciful.
So among the women on that day who
came forward
to give her bayah,
to give her pledge was
Hind
bin Radbaah,
The wife of Abu
Sufyan.
Remember
that it was Hind
who had ordered the killing of
Hamza radiAllahu anhu.
And she did what she did to his
body afterwards.
And so
she was afraid that the Prophet shalallahu alaihi
wa sallam would recognize her, so she came
concealing her identity. She was wearing a niqab,
and so the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam went
through the words of the Bay'ah with her.
And when he reached,
and I pledge not to steal,
she said, O Messenger of Allah,
Abu Sufyan
is a stingy man,
her husband.
He does not give me as much as
suffices
for me and my children.
Is there any harm if I take anything
from his money without him knowing?
So the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, Take
as much as suffices, you and your children
according to Bil Ma'ruf, according to what is
the custom.
Then when the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
reached,
and I pledge not to commit zina,
Hind she said,
and does a free woman
commit adultery?
So this was
the chaste nature
of the Arab women.
You know, even as non Muslims,
they couldn't imagine
how
a free woman, not a slave,
with slaves it was a different story, but
how a free woman
could possibly engage in zina. She couldn't imagine
how that was possible.
Anyways,
the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
then recognized who she was
and so he asked her, are you Hind
bintu'utba?
She said, yes.
So forgive me for the past.
May Allah forgive you.
And so the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam,
he pardoned her, that was
the day of pardon,
right? He forgave everyone
on that day.
And so these were the main events that
took place
on this day.
Next week we'll move on to
some of the,
events that took place
right after that in the days
following
the day of the conquest of Mecca.
Before we conclude, let us go through some
of the lessons
from what we have learned today.
The first lesson that we learn
is
the importance of respecting
our elders.
We mentioned how the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam showed
respect
for the father of Abu Bakr radiAllahu an.
Saying to Abu Bakr
when he brought his father to him, what
did he say? To Abu Bakr? He asked
him, Why didn't you leave the old man
at home?
So that I would be the 1 who
goes to him.
And so this was the standard.
This was the standard
that Rasulullah He Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had set
for the ummah
even though
he was who he was, right? He was
the leader
and rightfully deserved
what Abu Bakr radiAllahu anhu did for him.
But yet, he wanted
to be he wanted to lead by example.
Right? And so that's why the Prophet says
in 1 hadith,
he who does not show respect for
their elders,
the elders among us
and he who does not show mercy to
the young ones among us, falayseminnah.
You know, he's not 1 of us.
And in another hadith, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam says, respecting
the elderly Muslim
is from
the tawim of Allah, from the veneration
of Allah. And so these are
the teachings
of Islam
which were enshrined
in our deen,
Right?
Long before
Western civilization
came to realize
the importance of it,
thereby enforcing
laws nowadays
out of respect for the elderly
and the seniors. Right?
You know, we should take pride in our
deen
and understand that,
you know, if they are realizing these things
today,
it was already in our deen long before
they realized it.
Right?
The second lesson that we learn
is the importance of remaining loyal
to those who support you.
Those who
Support you.
And so we see this in how the
Prophet
showed his sympathy
for the Ansar
when they had thought,
you know, that's it.
It's the end now.
Now that Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has completed
his mission
and he was victorious,
he no longer needs us.
He's gonna desert us.
Right?
Because why did the Ansar
pledge
the Prophet SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam way back
10 years or 7 years earlier?
Because he was persecuted and he needed help.
And they came to him in Makkah and
they said to him, We will support you.
We will aid you. We will fight for
you. And now the prophet sallallahu alaihi wa
sallam has
accomplished
that
mission
with,
the conquest of Mecca.
But what
did the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam do?
Did he abandon them?
He replied,
I migrated to Allah and to you.
Living with you is my life
and dying with you is my death. And
then He SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam
returned to Madinah
with them
to live the rest of his life there
and to die in the hometown
of the Ansar, not his own hometown
of Mecca.
If it was anyone else,
you know, they would have deserted
these people and joined
his own people
and remained in his own hometown.
But the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam did
not do that. Why?
Because
it was not his nature
to desert,
to abandon,
to betray those who
offered him help and supported him at a
time of need,
but rather he was known for his loyalty.
And that
is what a Muslim
is supposed to be. That is what a
Muslim is supposed to be like.
The third lesson that we learn
is bringing
an end to the customs
and the norms of Jahiliyyah
and that way of life.
And so in
the sermon of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam,
in 1 of his sermons
after the conquest of Mecca,
he said all privilege of ancestry and pride
that existed in Jahiliyyah
are over.
And all of you are from Adam and
Adam
was from dust.
And so these are the foundations,
the laws, the customs
of that society.
The Arabs of Jahiliyyah,
by making this 1 statement, the Prophet Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam
was basically
ushering in a new era.
He was telling them that Kufr was over
with,
that their religion and their way
of life is finished.
He was basically telling them
that he was not going to accommodate their
way of life,
their customs, their
laws. In another narration,
he said both of these
ancestry
and pride,
they are beneath my 2 feet on this
day.
That's it. I'm trampling over it.
And so notice
the Prophet
wasn't trying to win over
the hearts of some of them by,
you know, accepting their ways and their norms
and saying, I'll accommodate for you.
Remember
that these people,
these are the same people who would fight
and die
for their customs and their way of life.
They fought the Prophet salallahu alaihi wa sallam
for that very reason,
for over 20 years.
For no reason then to
preserve their religion
and their way of life
or what we can call the status quo.
Right?
And so this is 1 of the greatest
lessons that we learn from
the conquest of Mecca. Finally, 1 last lesson
that we will mention here.
Has Hijra
become completely
abolished?
Since the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said,
as we learned today,
that there is no more hijra after al
fati.
La hijrah tabaagal fatih.
There is no more hijrah after this day.
So does that mean that hijrah is completely
abolished?
The answer is no.
Because the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam states
in another hadith
that al hijrah will not be suspended.
Will not be suspended until Tawba is suspended.
Hajjurah will not be suspended
until Tawba is suspended, and Tawba will not
be suspended until
the sun rises
from the west, meaning until the Day of
Judgment.
So then what is the ruling of Al
Hijrah
to migrate
for the sake of Allah?
The scholars mention
that it's not just,
you know, 1 ruling,
that it is, you know, just
obligatory for example in all instances, in all
circumstances.
They mentioned that there are
there are different scenarios. So they say first
of all, if a Muslim is unable to
establish
the essential practices of Islam,
They cannot practice Islam.
For example, they cannot pray.
They cannot
the women cannot wear hijab,
etcetera.
The essential practices of the deen, they cannot
practice it openly and freely,
then they have to go elsewhere.
They have to make hijrah in this case.
In this case, it is obligatory.
However, if a Muslim is able to establish
the essential practices of Islam
and freely practices
his deen without hindrance,
then they do not have to leave.
However, in this case,
hijrah is still encouraged.
It is mustahab.
And that is because
it is the consensus,
the agreement of all the Muslim scholars that
it is not allowed
for a Muslim to live among non Muslims
without a reason,
without any reason.
And the hadith
about the hadith about this are very clear.
The Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam says in
1 hadith,
I
I have nothing to do with
any Muslim who lives among
the Mushrikoon
and there are many other similar
ahadith.
Now the scholars
also mention
various conditions that allow a Muslim to live
in a non Muslim land.
So they say for example that he has
he has knowledge.
Right? It has to be a Muslim who
has knowledge,
where he can protect his aqeedah
and his imad from shubuhat.
Right? Because when you're living
among non muslims,
their ideas
and their ways
are gonna
infiltrate into your mind and into your heart.
As we can see the situation of the
muslims today who live in the west, especially
the children who are growing up in this
part of the world.
Because they lack an Islamic knowledge,
you know, these doubts come to their mind
about the basics and the foundations of our
deen. So they say, 1 has to have
knowledge.
Secondly,
he has to have iman
and a strong deen by which he can
protect himself from shahawat.
Right?
Where everything is freely open for you
and no 1 can stop you from,
you know, committing haram acts
and from fulfilling your desires in haram.
So you need iman in order to protect
yourself from that.
And thirdly, they say he has to have
a reason for living there.
Like for example, he was born there, it
wasn't up to him, he didn't end up
there on his own choice,
or he went there for business,
or he went there for studies, or he
went there for treatment,
or he went there for dawah purposes. So
these are
the conditions that the scholars mentioned for why
it is permissible for Muslims
to
travel and reside
among the non Muslims and Allah knows best.
Subhanakallahu
wa bihamdik