Kamil Ahmad – Lessons from the Seerah #65 The Treaty of Hudaybiyah Part 3
AI: Summary ©
The Spanish-speaking Middle East war was a conflict between Islam and Islam, leading to many non-M-thirty-pounders returning to their city and many non-M-thirty-pounders returning to Afghanistan. The conflict caused a war and violence, leading to many non-M-thirty-pounders returning to Afghanistan and many non-M-thirty-pounders returning to their city. The conflict also affected acceptance of Islam and the return of non-M-thirty-pounders to Afghanistan. The importance of honoring agreements and a strong peace treaty is emphasized, as it is essential for achieving good results.
AI: Summary ©
Bismillah al Rahman al Rahim Al hamdu Lillahi Rabbil Alameen wa salatu salam, a terminal at Melania Hala Haile Haruka Allah He urged marine
early he was often the woman who
was standing up soon after he deals
a lot on the honeymoon and I am so I'm gonna win star now the Meryem tena was eaten
for arena and health club club and what is it where we're at now Annabelle been Abell beaten, what is OpenEdge? Tina, the majority, I mean, you're semi close to the Hoonah center for that. Salam alaykum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Last week, we went through
the Treaty of Davia.
We went through the actual
treaty that took place,
we looked at the terms of the agreement between Rasulullah sallallahu, alayhi, wasallam,
and the kuffaar, of Croatia.
And we looked at the difficult circumstances
of the Muslims agreeing to such terms
and the compromises made by the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. And all of that he did for the greater good that he had seen.
He was doing it for the greater good.
And we looked at the reaction of the Sahaba
to this event, and how they felt rejected and humiliated by what had happened.
This was after
they were gaining momentum, and
they now felt that they had the upper hand
in terms of power over operation.
And we looked at how
last week after the Treaty was
completed,
how the Prophet SAW Selim ordered his companions to get out of the State of Iran and how none of them moved.
And then how eventually he did it himself. And they followed suit.
So today, what we're going to do is we're going to wrap up our discussion of this event,
the Treaty of value Davia
by looking at what happened immediately afterwards,
as the Muslims now are on their way back to at Medina
and so,
they have spent somewhere between 15 to 20 days.
Good idea.
And now they were on their way back to Medina.
And so on the way back
the as we mentioned they felt down, they felt depressed, humiliated.
So on the way back,
rasool Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam
receives a surah Allah reveals Surah to the fact
of our reveals Surah Fatiha
in its entirety, the entire surah
and
when it was revealed the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam called his companions and he said to them, a surah has been revealed to me tonight that is better than the whole world and what it contains, it is in Fontana, like effect, Medina, it is this surah and then he recited it to them.
Allah says indeed We have given you all Muhammad a clear if.
So,
I love the Allahu angle.
Remember that I'm going on the other hand was one of
those who were very vocal about
objecting to this treaty.
So when he heard this, he asked the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam Is it truly a fetish? A victory?
And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said yes, then Rama was pleased, and he was satisfied
because prior to this, we remember
on how he had felt,
he went to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
And he said, How could you do this?
We're upon the truth, you're upon falsehood.
So why are we giving them the upper hand?
So now he was finally satisfied.
Now, what does that mean?
In the Arabic language, Fetta means an opening.
So when something is locked,
and inaccessible,
and then you unlock it, and you open it,
then this word was borrowed to refer to when a certain land
is locked.
It is inaccessible
to the army.
And so you can't just walk in to enemy territory.
And just take it like that. Right?
It's locked before you. And so you fight. And then if you're victorious,
you open up that land, because it was locked for you.
So if you conquer this land, and you invade it, then this is called a fight.
On the other hand,
if there is a battle between two armies,
and one is victorious, we don't call that effect, we call that a nozzle.
And so it also is a victory.
The difference between a nozzle and a thud is that a nozzle can be achieved in one battle.
And
where you cause your enemy to retreat,
you cause them to retreat. However, you don't enter threat, you don't end their threats, like the Battle of
the Battle of
the battle, as we have covered all these battles.
So we don't say in the Battle of danger, that the Muslims had a fetish.
That is called innocent a victory.
On the other hand,
a fantasy is when you have achieved complete victory over your enemy, completely ending their threat and conquering their land.
And so in English, to differentiate between the two we can say, a Nasir is a victory.
And offense is a conquest.
So here it was a pan of water, it starts by saying in 300, I can fit her Medina. Oh, Mohammed, indeed, We have granted you a clear,
a clear Congress.
Now, what is a lot of talking about here?
Was there any battle?
Was there any war such that a law granted the Muslims victory and a 31st has a huge thing?
Right?
Muslims until now, they have achieved victories. But as for a complete conquest,
they could never imagine.
And so here ALLAH SubhanA wa Taala was talking about
Sony and who they be this treaty of today via but the question is, how on earth was this treaty, a conquest
when there was no land that was conquered?
And so the answer to this question is
that it was this event that paved the way for the great fat, that lie that was laying on the horizon. And that was witchford
FaxMaker. The Conquest as much as we will see later on.
It was because of this peace treaty that the Muslims entered into that
eventually the Muslims are able to march to Mecca and conquering.
And so it must Rudra the Allahu Allah he says, you think that the Fed
What's the fat Hannukah.
But we used to believe that the Fed was a fetish of who they be. And
then he explained what he meant. He said that is because Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam came to his idea
with a force of 1400.
We mentioned this earlier.
The Muslims, they counted 1400,
he says, And when the truce was reached,
people started to mix with each other.
And they learned and they heard about Allah.
And anyone who wanted to become Muslim was able to do so now.
Meaning that as a result of this peace treaty,
now there is peace. Prior to this, there was a war.
Muslims cannot openly give Dawa.
And the people who heard about Islam who wanted to accept Islam, they were afraid to do so.
But now,
this barrier is out of the way. He says, then by the time two years are over, the Muslims entered Mecca with a force of 10,000.
Look at how they went from 1400 to 10,000,
only in two years.
So the reason for this was that the Muslims were able to freely preach and give down with no with no restrictions.
And the people also had nothing to fear in accepting Islam. Whereas prior to this treaty, that was not the case. And so that is what you've been through this talking about here. That you guys look at the greatest fact has been the Metallica. But we see we used to see that the greatest threat was a photo with a B.
So look at how
Allah subhanho wa Taala now with the Sunnah,
he lifted the spirits and the mood of the Sahaba
after they had felt humiliated, returning to Medina empty handed.
And so similar to
so many of its revolve around a bright future for Islam,
and the Muslims,
that you're going to
be having a lot of spoils of war.
And Allah has set this deal to prevail over every other demon in the world, and so on and so forth.
And it was all as a result of what
it was all as a result of entering into this peace treaty. That was the cause for
that was a cause for this for this to happen.
And so now
imagine
they were leaving for Medina
in a depressed mood and state.
Why because because of this peace treaty,
they looked at it as being something negative.
But now they were returning home full of joy.
Why because of this ministry. Look at how one event went from being something negative to being something positive.
And so now the Muslims returned to
Medina
and
soon after they returned to a Medina there was a problem.
And this brings us to the story of
the companion oboe bassoon Ravi Allahu
who was overseeing
a Booba sphere belonged to the tribe of self belief,
embody.
However, he was an ally of flesh.
And he was one of the Muslims
because they
were not able to make Hijra.
He was being held back.
And he was persecuted. And there were many Muslims like this.
They were imprisoned in Mecca, and they weren't able to make a job.
So
he decided to escape.
And now he fled matter. And he made it to Medina.
Three days later, two men from courage come asking for him to be
He handed over to them.
And they had a letter that they presented to rasool Allah. He said, It
will be the capital the Allah when
he read the letter
that said
that O Muhammad, there is an agreement between us.
And now you have to return this man back to us. What was this agreement? It was one of the terms of the Treaty of Arabia.
That whenever a Muslim
leave leaves like
to settle in Medina, the Muslims have to hand them over.
They have to send them back.
So rasool Allah, He said, the longer he will send them through, so I will proceed and says, You have to go back.
Abu Basir he says, O Messenger of Allah.
Are you sending me back to the kuffar to let them trying to test me in my Deen
it's a fitna.
The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said,
we have an agreement with these people. And it's not appropriate in our deen to betray our agreements.
We have to honor our agreements. And this all Islam teaches us. So here Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
He wasn't doing this for the sake of the kuffaar.
He wasn't doing it just because they were demanding it. And here he was giving him to the pressure. But rather, he was doing it because this is what Islam teaches us.
So whenever we enter into an agreement, we uphold its terms. And we don't betray, we don't break that agreement. And so a Muslim is bound by the laws of Allah in his dealings, both with Muslims and non Muslims. So we follow whatever rules Allah has put in place in everything that we do.
Then Rasul Allah, He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam told her we will see you,
just as he had told, will agenda before him. If you recall, last week,
we mentioned the story of Abu Jenga, robiola
who
managed to also escape from Mecca, while the Muslims were still academia.
And the agreement was not even finalized. But the turns had been agreed upon.
And here he was.
And the Prophet SAW sort of tried to negotiate to allow them to stay with themselves, but he wasn't able to.
And then he told our agenda, but did he tell him you have to be patient and he has to endure your situation for Allah sake. And Allah will certainly make a way for you and those suffering with you in Mecca. Allah has to make a way out for you from your hardship.
And so the process Salam.
He said the same words to a blessing. He said,
Go back, be patient.
Allah subhanahu wa Tada will make a way out for you.
Allah will make a way out for you from your difficult situation. So,
Apple Basu, he had no other choice. So he left with these two men who had come to take him.
They had not reached far out of Medina, they reached the Khalifa
which is a few kilometers outside of the Medina. And there was a message here this is basically the location of the new cart for those making
room or or hedge they put on their throne from them. And so there was a mystery there. And a Buddha sweet way to pray.
And he had some dates with him. So he told the two men to join him. And they also brought some bread that they had. And so now they sat and they were eating together.
So then what are the two men?
He pulls out his sword
and he says, I'm going to use the sword of mine
to strike l Olsen and has lunch from morning until night.
So he was just showing off
and so Ababa sweet he asked him
Is it a good story?
The man he said yes, it is and I've tested
so I will see he asked them
Do you mind if I check it out?
So the man he said, Here it is. He gave it to him. And as soon as it was in his hands, the man was dead.
Oba so you,
he didn't waste any time he
he killed him on the spot. So now the this is one narration of the story. In another narration, it mentions that they went to sleep, and his hands were tight. So he pulled out the sword
with his mouth.
And then he cut the ropes. And then he killed them.
Now when the second man he saw this,
he just ran away as fast as he could.
But he didn't run in the direction of,
of monka
because it's too far.
Instead, he ran in the direction of medical.
So he ran and Uber soon was chasing after him. But he couldn't catch up to him
until the man enters the Masjid.
So he entered the masjid and Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wasallam sees him and he says, This man has seen something terrifying.
So, the Sahaba they asked him, you know what's wrong with you?
So the man he said,
This man has just killed my companion. And he's trying to kill me too.
So
the Sahaba they calmed him down.
And then now obviously enters. And he says to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, he says all Messenger of Allah,
you have fulfilled your part of the agreement with them.
And you have handed me over to them.
Right? You've done your part.
Now
Oh, well, I saved me from them.
I managed to escape from them.
So
let me now stay.
In the version of
the story is mentioned in various books of Hadith including Sahara Buhari.
In the version of Sahara Buhari Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to him,
whoa to his mother.
He will ignite a war.
If only he had some men with him.
What he meant was, the other Basu was capable of starting a war.
If only he had some men with him, if he's one man, and he's doing this, so imagine if he had if he had a group.
Now, when a Booba see you heard this.
He understood from it, that Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is going to hand him over again to them.
So he decided
that I might as well leave
on my own.
Now, before he left,
he had the weapons and the armor of the man he had killed, and he offered it to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to take it as spoils of war. But the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam refused to take it. And he said, You do whatever you want with it. So we will see it, he took it for himself and he left.
Now, where's he gonna go? He couldn't go back to Mecca.
So he was he,
he decides to just head towards
the coast.
And he was all by himself.
And all he had within the handful of dates.
So he divided it,
eating a little bit.
And he managed to survive on these dates for three days.
But then, what's he going to do after that?
It's mentioned in some of the reasons that ALLAH SubhanA wa winter provided for him.
were dead fish would sweep up from the sea onto the shore.
And so he would then eat these fish. And that's what he survived on.
Now,
back in Macau.
Agenda robiola, who was mentioned last week,
he heard about
Albacete
and what had happened to him.
So
he made another attempt to escape.
And he was successful.
And so he flees from Mecca. And he goes and joins, we will see.
Then more Muslim men were living under persecution in Mecca. The hear about
noble pursuit and agenda. And they also managed to escape and they to join a Google Sync.
In one narration, it mentions
that it was a rumor of Bob or the Obama who was writing letters and sending them to the Muslims and,
and telling them
about the story of Omar Bashir
and also adding what the prophets of Allah when it was told him.
We do the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam say to him, whoa to your mother, you will ignite a war if only you had men with you.
So Rama Ravi Wang was saying to them that you should all join him.
He needs men
to fight.
Until now,
this group of Muslims
under the leadership of obersee started carrying out special operations against the caravans of Quraysh
because their caravans used to go along the sea.
And so, now he started spreading,
and more young Muslims from other tribes not from Mecca. From the surrounding tribes of Leafa and tahina, Islam, they start joining.
And by now Abu Masood has a force of 300 men,
leading them in this guerrilla warfare against the caravans of Croatia. Taking everything from their caravans and executing demand.
Now, rasool Allah is on the loggerhead he will send him back in Medina did not have any hand in any of this.
Nor did he condemn a Booba sphere, nor did he tell him to stop. Because obviously, you have your love behind and these Muslims were not under his responsibility.
He was only responsible for his own territory for Medina, and those with him.
So now, when Quraysh got news of what was happening, they couldn't tolerate it.
When Sohail Ibn hammer, who was so hated and hammered,
he was the one who had negotiated the terms of the treaty with the Prophet sallallahu. It was a good idea.
And his son was up agenda.
So when he heard about the man who other Basu had killed,
and this man belongs to
his tribe.
So he went up to the cabin and put his back to the cabin. And he said, that I will not leave until the Blood Money Free this man is paid.
And that Muhammad is the one who has to pay.
So Abu Sufian came to him. And he said, This is foolishness.
What does Muhammad have to do with any of this?
Mohammed did his part.
He refused to allow a lawsuit to say in Medina, and he set him back.
He upheld his side of the agreement.
Right, the exact same thing that will proceed
so imagine now
when the caravans of Quraysh had finally gotten a break,
from all the years of war and being raided
by the Muslims, now, when they're finally able to do some business freely, they have
a new problem affecting their economy. And that was a blessing and his men. So they started sending letters to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam asking him to do something about it.
But what was his response? His response was
that look, I will see you he's
not my responsibility.
He's not under my authority. He's acting on his own.
And so now Quraysh
the Start begging the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
These are begging him
and even calling by the ties of relationship between him and then
the Russian,
they start begging him to change
those terms of the agreement
to change the terms of the agreement, what were those terms? One of them was that if
a Muslim leaves Mecca to Medina to stay in Medina, he has to be sent back. So now they're saying, Let's cancel that,
you know, bring these men in.
And so,
the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam
he called an audible buzzer
and his man so he sent a letter.
And
the letter arrived,
when Oba three was, basically, in his last moments, he was passing away.
And so he had the letter and you read it.
And he died with the letter in his head.
As with the others, agenda, and the others, and they were about 60 to 70 men from from Mecca,
they ended up going to Medina,
and they are now reunited with the Muslims.
And this was the very promise of Rasulullah he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam that was now being fulfilled.
He had promised them what He had promised that Allah would make a way out for them
from their ordeal from their hardship.
And it hasn't even been a year.
And because they come complied with the orders of Rasulullah, sallallahu alayhi wasallam.
Because of that, Allah didn't make a wait for them.
It'll look at how things turned for Quraysh turned against them.
And their plans and their wishes, they had thought
that they had the upper hand
through this treaty.
So this was the fate of
some of the Muslims who managed to escape
from
Halibel women.
And so
the terms of their agreement was
that whoever leaves from Mecca
to join Muhammad Sallallahu wasallam. The Muslims have to hand them back.
And so even though women are weaker,
and they're being held behind their will,
by their guardians, etc.
Even then,
there were Muslim women
who
took that journey, and they escaped they managed to flee and they managed to make it to Medina.
And so when they arrived Rasulullah sallallahu also didn't know what to do.
You know, he has an agreement with these people.
So Allah subhanho wa Taala
he basically cleared clarified for him by revealing ionic for serotonin.
So once you've heard of what Allah said, Yeah, you know, Elijah, Mina to Mojave Rancho Santa Fe,
Allahu Allah OBE Manny him for Interlimb to Munna Minton.
Tober geo goon
la buena Phil Lulu wala whom you feel alone alone?
Oh, you believe
when the believing women come migrating to you.
Test them
test their intentions. Just their email.
Allah knows best with their Eman is
if you find that they are believers after testing them, then do not send them back to the kuffaar
losses for an ontology ruin nebula kofod Do not
send them back to the kuffaar. They meaning these women are not lawful for them
for the Kufa meaning
that if they are wives of these COFA, they are not lawful for them, and vice versa.
The disbelievers are not lawful husbands, for these women,
and so was headed with that settled that problem right there and then, and so the Prophet saw a one where he was refused to hand them back to Qureshi when they had come asking for them.
And this was only because of the orders of Allah Subhana. Allah, Allah. And Allah mentioned the reason for this exception,
that with regards to the men,
you know, we have to honor that agreement.
Allah did not make any exception for the men. But with respect to the women, Allah mentions the reason,
law when,
when.
When it comes to women, it's a different story.
If they managed to escape them, that's good, because those kuffaar men are not lawful husbands for these women.
Now, it could also be
that Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wasallam had
a good reason to give Quraysh for not handing over in his women. And that is what
that the terms of the agreement
mentioned,
not handing over
men.
It was mentioned in the masculine form.
So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam might have used that to say
that what we had agreed on is men, not just anyone.
And Allah knows best. And so these were the events that took place on the way back to Medina from a good idea and the events that took place right after
the Treaty that were linked to the treaty. And without we come to the end of this chapter of the Sierra Nevada solar ye sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
So we'll quickly go over some of the lessons that we learned from
from the story is mentioned tonight.
Before we conclude
so the first lesson that we learned
is that there is good in everything that ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada decrees
ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada proves this to the Muslims by revealing Surah to infected
sometimes certain things happen.
And we look at it from a negative lens. We only see evil in it.
But there's good in it that we can see.
And this is not the first time that something like this happened.
It also happened in the story of
if
that we previously mentioned the outrageous slander
of a headshot of your loved one.
And what did Allah say then? Sora to know lad, Cebu chakra lagoon, del Hua higher dose don't think that it is something bad for you.
But rather it is something good for you.
And happy now again.
And this was something that
I could not see.
He couldn't see the good innit.
But remember
when the hammer or the alarm when I went to room to Abubaker
Abubaker Radi Allahu I could see the Vinod
he said that, yes, we are upon the truth and they are upon false.
Yes, he is the messenger of Allah,
even if they deny it,
but because he is the messenger of Allah, Allah will give him victory.
We look around the Allah Muhammad. He was satisfied.
He was content.
He knew that good has to come out of this.
And in the end, it was a parent who had to add a gay victory to his deal and honored it while
Qureshi had thought that they were victorious
and that they had the upper hand through this very treaty.
And so we also saw how
this treaty allowed the spread of Islam.
How it wasn't possible before.
Also, from the good that came out of this, out of this treaty was that the Muslims, were now able to focus their attention elsewhere.
For years, they have been on their heels,
concerned about trash. Now just focus on Koresh. And obviously, the inner
front,
the mafia Hoon, and the Jews.
But now they don't have to worry about crush
it so it's because of that during this period of the truth.
The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam now focuses his attention on the Jews of hybrid. And that is the next major event in the serum.
Not only that, but during this period, he starts preparing an army
to go and confront the Romans.
And during this period, he also starts reading writing letters to the kings of Rome and
Persia,
and the complex, and so on and so forth. And so all of this was as a result of the peace treaty.
So the lesson we learned from this
is that whatever Allah decrees for us, there has to be good.
The second lesson that we learned
is that Allah subhanho wa Taala makes a way out
of hardship for those who fear Him,
for those who obey Him. So we see in a story of Obasi
and before him Abu Jandal
and how Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam promised both of them, that Allah will make a week out for you.
So they complied by the orders of rasool Allah is an alumna himself and
as a result, Allah made and we hope for them.
As Allah subhanho wa Taala says, when he took the La Jolla gyla Maharajah
Whoever fears Allah, Allah makes a week out for him.
While resuming Hazel Life tested, and one provides for him from ways he could never imagine.
For me, it took a while.
And whoever put his trust in Allah, and Allah sufficient for him.
It's all it requires, is a Taqwa of Allah. It requires Iman. It requires to work but
it requires us to obey Allah and His messenger. If we're not doing any of that, then how can we expect for Allah to make a way for us out of our difficulty?
The third lesson that we learned
is the importance of honoring agreements and treaties.
We see how Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam upheld the terms of the treaty, even when it went against the interests of the Muslims
teaching us
that Islam requires us to uphold any agreement that we enter into.
And not to go there not to go decent, even if there is harm in it. For us.
Allah subhana wa Tada says
104 B ID law either
one atom Google Amen Nevada Tokopedia. AKA gehalten Mala Vera in Allah. Yeah. Hello mattify. Allah says, Honor, Allah's Covenant when you make a pledge, and do not break or after confirming them. Having made a law as your guarantor. Surely Allah knows what you do. And Allah says, we're over, we'll be live in the cannabis will be
on your pleasure, your pledges, honor your agreements for you will surely be accountable for them.
And so this is irrespective of whether
Our agreements are between us and Muslims who are assigned too far. As long as we have entered into an agreement with them, we have to honor it.
And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam showed us that, both with his words and his actions.
Finally, the last point that we'll mention,
what is the ruling on having peace treaties with the enemies in the first place?
It's all the scholars they take from the story of a good idea that Islam
allows us to enter into peace treaties with the enemy.
They also mentioned how these peace treaties
could be entered into
where we have to compromise on some of our demands,
as long as there is a greeter good enough for the Muslims.
And we see that in the story of who they be. And so, they mentioned this as proof.
However, they mentioned that these treaties
must be for a certain term
for a certain time period, and they cannot be open ended
or permanent peace treaties.
This is because the default relationship between the Muslims and others is what
it is one of jihad
and not one of peace.
The apostle or the default relationship between the Muslims and the fall is one of jihad. You know, this was set not by us, it was set by the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam 1400 years ago
by Allah subhanho wa taala.
So that is the default relationship that we have with the Quran. So that means that if we enter into any kind of peace treaty with them,
it has to be a temporary peace treaty and not a permanent one. In fact,
imams a shared theory and recommended 100 They were of the view that
these treaties could not last more than 10 years. Like that is the maximum.
And they base that on the story of her Davian. So the peace treaty of Davia
that they agreed on was for 10 years.
It was for 10 years. And so
what exists today
is contrary to what Islam teaches.
And the only reason why we are in a situation that we are in today is because the kofod have the Abrahamic they have forced themselves into the situation that we find ourselves in. And as a result of that,
we are suffering the way we are.
We are suffering the way we are.
And so all of these Muslim countries
look at what's happening currently in Palestine and listen, not a single one of them is taking any action because of these treaties that they are in with the kofod
even though some of them are not in any direct treaty with Israel, but they have treaties with the allies of Israel.
So these are some of the lessons that we learned from
tonight's session. So how to come up with the handshake to Allah ilaha illa Anta so purepower to relate also love no solar panel.
While early also heavy engineering was set equal to working