Hussain Kamani – 40 Ahadith of Imam An-Nawawi 39 – The Forgiven Matters
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The importance of practicing Islam for avoiding mistakes and mistakes is discussed, including the use of "has been Prayered" in a statement of pride and a quote from a doctor about a woman who died. The importance of practicing Islam for avoiding mistakes and the need for everyone to be conscious of their actions is emphasized. The speakers discuss various scenarios and potential consequences of mistakes, including the use of objects to kill someone and the potential for rulings based on actions and actions that have been made. They also touch on the importance of forgiveness and the need for forgiveness in cases of mistakes or shortcomings.
AI: Summary ©
Today we start with Hadith number 39.
On MDI Barcena, the Allahu Taala and Houma under Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam call
in Allah Hatha Jah was a li. Murthy, a hotter witness yen almost to Korea who Ali, Hadith and Hassan on our Hulu merger. While very happy
the narration is narrated by Abdullah Hibiya ambassador to Allah one, that the messenger of allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said,
Verily, Allah has pardon for me my OMA
their mistakes, their forgetfulness, and that which they have been forced to do under duress. It is a Hassan Hadith narrated by Imam Ibn imager, and also by Imam Behati Rahmatullah Ali.
Regarding this hadith, the scholars have engaged in this in some discussion,
whether it is classified as an authentic narration or a weak narration.
Imam, no, Allahu Allah in this collection, for the most part, brings authentic narrations. But there are examples like this particular narration, where you might know we don't have too long it brings a hadith that is the if it's a weak narration, but he does not bring a narration that it is that's so weak that it can't be used while discussing the issues in Islam.
Usually, he'll bring a narration that has some weakness in it.
And there are other narrations with similar meanings that are more authentic that can support this narration. So parts of this narration are found in other Hadith. One part is found in one Hadith another part is found in another Hadith, those two narrations independently are weaker. Or secondly, sometimes what happens is that the narration is weak, but there are multiple chains and each one uniquely has some weakness. But when you combine them together, there is a strength that comes into the narration. That's what you'll notice. While commentating on the chain of this hadith, he says Hadith and Hassan, that's how, you know we don't have too long Ali commented on this particular
narration. Similarly, sometimes the narration is such that the chain itself may be weak, but the message of it is authentic and there is no doubt in it at all. So regarding the three types of people mentioned, in this hadith, not only are there other Hadith that support this narration and its meaning, but there are clear cut verses of the Quran that also convey a very similar message and we'll discuss those inshallah Aziz through the class.
Now, there are similar narrations to this particular narration. One of them is quoted by Imam even though behind him he narrates from Abu Bakr and Houdini and Abu Bakr Hooda Lee is considered to be a week Narrator But it'd be hard to narrate from him from shall have been hush up from Ahmed dadada the Allahu anha Winair rates from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said in Allah Hatha was Almighty and Anta Latin, annual Hatha e oneness Yanni, while istikhara hear that Allah subhanahu wa taala has pardon three things from my nation. What are these three things I know Fatah mistake, oneness, yawn, forgetfulness, while istikhara that which
that which was done out of coercion, that which a person was forced to do under duress, Tala Abu Bakr, Abu Bakr, who that he says, for the character, Danica and Hassan, I narrated this narration to have some adversity
Finally urgent. He said yes, this narration is true. I'm gonna talk about biblical Quran and don't you see the Quran saying this itself? Allah subhanahu Allah says in surah baqarah verse number 286, but Allah to Heavener in Siena, O,
O Allah, to not hold us accountable, if we have forgotten, or if we do something forgetful, our thought now or if we do something out of mistake, so here you see hustler bacillary correlates this hadith of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam with a direct verse of the Quran.
Allah subhanho wa Taala in the Quran mentions that Hatha Nicean and istikhara, forgetfulness, mistakes, and duress anything done under force are forgiven. The first verse I quoted before you Allah says Allah subhanaw taala says I've been allowed to ask him in the Cena Oh, Astana. Oh Allah forgive us if we've made any hotter and I'll define the word Fatah shortly. Right now, we're defining it as a mistake, but I'll give a more specific definition to it.
In Messina, our thumb only Cin cin means to be forgetful. And again I'll give a definition to this more technical definition shortly. In another verse, Allah subhanahu wa Tada addresses the issue of QA a grace means to be forced for something to be done. And a question or dress. Allah azza wa jal says in the Quran, and Sunnah. Nahal verse number 106 Min Guevara Billa human body Imani, he LM and olkaria were called whoo hoo, not my normal email. This verse is talking about the early days in Islam, where Sahaba were tortured excessively, and the likes of Elijah who would refuse to discontinue the torture until the Sahaba either did Kufa outright they disbelieve in Allah? Or they
said something disrespectful regarding the messenger of allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and they praised the idols that were worshipped in Makkah Latin Rosa. So the example is of I'm not even yes and of the Allah one, whose parents were tortured excessively, until the point that they both lost their lives. So many are the Allahu Allah His mother was actually murdered and killed by a Buddha and his father, yes, it died through the pain of the torture. So a young man who saw his mother and father both die you can imagine what kind of emotional state he must be in. Now Abuja Hall comes to him and says that in a very short period of time you saw your mother and father leave the world very
soon you will join them. Unless you do Cofer unless you say something regarding the Prophet Muhammad, instead of calling them Muhammad call him within them, which is the one who is disgraced. And in that situation, I might have been yesterday with the Allahu Han gave the word that Abuja has demanded to save his life. So Allah subhanho wa Taala revealed this verse 11, okay, how Akali Mohammed Mohammed Iman, the one who says something at a dress, while their heart is content with faith, they're not accountable with Allah subhanaw taala similarly, we see the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam talking about this idea of mistakes being forgiven, where the were our Prophet
sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, either haka. Mahaki mu festa hada. For Masaba fella who agilon While hakama fetch the Hadar fella who adjutant widen, that if a scholar or if a Hakim a governor or ruler, does each the hat is the hat is a process of deriving Islamic law deriving Islamic rulings from the principles of Islam. It's a detailed, very thorough process. So there is a scholar who does actually have there's a new issue that comes up how will Muslims bank in the western world that is plagued by interest? So now obviously, Muslim scholars wanted to get together and perform a sort of wish they had mostly the field research but with some wish they had this to they may have with some
issues as well, where they might need to
establish some new rulings that didn't exist before. So in this process, there are two possibilities. Either you're right or you're wrong. If you're right, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam says, Who that person gets to rewards to rewards based on what
on the fact that he tried one reward. Number two, he got it right. And if he gets it wrong, there is still one reward, there's no sin, there's one reward. He tried, he gets a reward for that he got it wrong, that's forgiven, were less than 100 without it because he gave it his best. Now, this doesn't apply to a person who does not on the mahkamah wish they had, if someone is not a scholar, and they decide to give a ruling of the dean, you know, pull something out of their back pocket and just you know, do some sort of magic with the Quran and Sunnah and make up rulings as they go along. Not only will they not get a reward, rather they will be punished by Allah subhanaw taala because what
greater crime is there than for a person to speak on behalf of Allah and that assume without having the authority to do so, without having
nervous to do so. This is a very big crime. Imam Malik Rahmatullah era was skeptical of the Mufti of his time. He used to say that people in our time have given fatwa, those people, it would have been better for them to remain silent. He's speaking of scholars, by the way, but the standard and the bar was very high. Unfortunately, in our day and age, the bar has gone extremely low. Anyone can come and say whatever they want, and the Muslim scholars and the Muslim ummah are told to be forbearance and tolerant, let people say what they want because they're sincere. Sincerity is a good thing. Allah reward the OMA for being sincere, but crimes are crimes. And we'll talk about this
ahead, that not every scenario of forgetfulness and a mistake is actually forgiven. They are examples that if someone does something, forget fully, that action is not complete. Not only are they not punished for doing that, obviously, someone does something out of forgetfulness. They're not punished for the mistake, but sometimes action itself will be incomplete. A classic example of this is someone didn't do too cool while they're praying Salam. He didn't do Rahu and Pham. He was just praying. He said, he read Surah Fatiha, she read Surah Fatiha they read the surah and they forgot to go into the Quran. They went straight into such that you guys understand the scenario.
What did this person do out of forgetfulness, they missed a broken if they missed a watch out of forgetfulness, there's something called sensitive so how to deal with that at the end of prayer. This person skipped a rukon out of forgetfulness. Not only so obviously, there's no sin because that was done on forgetfulness. But if that person somehow comes to a realization that I actually missed the rockin the slavery will be invalid, that person will be mandated to repeat the Sunnah again, and I will share more examples up ahead. Another clear example is there's a person
who mistakenly read Salam before the time starts.
You guys understand he reads Valhalla one hour early prayers also one hour earlier than time actually started. Now that person won't be sin for praying. So a lot of the time because that's what it means that Allah has overlooked it, Allah is not going to punish you for it. But will that Salah count, it won't count. And in some scenarios, it will there are some scenarios for example, if a person is slaughtering an animal, and while they're slaughtering an animal, he forgets to say Bismillah he was saying Bismillah all day, but what animals you forgot to say Bismillah according to majority of the Fatah, including the Hanafi scholars, that animal will be allowed to eat, and that
Misia and that forgetfulness will be will be considered meaning that person will be held accountable for it, and that meat will be held out. So there are some scenarios where the action done out of forgetfulness will be valid. And there are some scenarios in which the action done out of forgetfulness will be invalid. But this is something that we have to discuss and there's a lot of issues. I won't be able to cover all of it, but I will touch on some of these points in today's class Inshallah, which takes us back to the point that filth and Islamic law is nuanced. It's not black and white. It's not a monopoly game where you to sit together and read the handbook and start
getting on with it. This there are parts of our deen that are very simple. You can practice them without getting too sophisticated. But then there are certain parts of our deen that are by nature sophisticated, because that's how law is. Law is sophisticated. Create belief is simple. There is no sophistication to Islamic belief actually, you know, it's a very simple process. You don't have to even take a class and you probably already have good assignment believe coulomb Allahu Ahad Allahu Samad, lamina dweller, mula Wallaby Aquila, who go for what your Eman is already solid, you know. And there are other verses in the Quran like this that talk about EMA very simple. But when it comes
to law, show me the law of any country any civilization in the world that can be studied in one hour. Show me any civilization in the history of mankind, where you would be allowed to share your opinion on affairs of law without any experience at all, without any intensity without any studying at all. It wouldn't be accepted. So how can we allow it and accept it in Islam?
Now in this hadith, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam says that Allah subhanahu wa Tada has forgiven for my ummah, in Allah azza wa jal was Almighty, Allah subhanho wa Taala has pardoned. Allah subhanahu wa taala has forgiven there is a Lea here too. By the way, Allah Tada was a lead on Monday, the scholars discussed whether this lead is a part of the original rewire or not, some say it's Milton attributed Ravi meaning Ravi added it on some scholars say no it is a part of the actual rewire it is a part of the rewire then we will translate it as I translated it as in the law. The job was a li Illuminati indeed Allah has stret indeed Allah subhanaw taala has forgiven, forsaken
overlooked for me on behalf of myeloma so what that means is this forgiveness is because of the greatness of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam as we would say, through the blessing and mercy and the love that Allah had for his messenger Allah subhanaw taala showered disfavor at the specialty for this Oma.
So we learn for this. This is a hot thing. This is something specific with the OMA and some scholars have even though this is not something we
Commonly doing the 185th. But other AHA they commonly use this principle of Mfume qualified. So what they do is that they take the reverse meaning of something. So if Allah subhanaw taala is the messenger of allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is saying that Allah subhanaw taala because of me has forgiven from my ummah, the reverse meaning of this that can easily be derived is that this wasn't forgiven from other homeless, meaning other nations were actually held accountable for their mistakes. For things that were done out of forgetfulness, they were actually held accountable. Simple, Toba wasn't available to them. As for our Allah, Allah subhanaw taala has favored them, and
how we know that this deduction is a sound deduction and this is a very true statement is because the Quran itself says that, going back to that verse number 26, of Surah Bacara ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada says, Robert, Allah to ask you that in the Sunnah of Ramana what? Elena isn't karma. Hamilton who Allah Latina, Min Commelina that Oh Allah, they were burdened with this responsibility. They were accountable for their mistakes and the things they did out of forgetfulness. But yeah, Allah don't hold the same principle for us. Don't hold us to the same standard. Be kind to us. Be merciful to us. Yeah, Allah pardon us, and make it easy for us. And from this right here, we see the mercy of
Allah subhanaw taala. Otherwise, if we were held accountable for everything we did out of forgetfulness, and every action we did out of mistake, what would we do? What would we do? How would we stand in front of Allah subhanaw taala we already commit so many mistakes, so many so many sins? Knowingly? Can we even? Can we even count what we've done unknowingly? Why, but yet the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam still asked Allah subhanho wa Taala for forgiveness, even though it's already forgiven, humbling himself even further, he said Allah Allah will set them and make a DUA, Allahu La Fille Li Ji
what hasn't? Well, I'm ready. We're hot. We're cool with Alika nd or another narration, Allah Houma, Filipina Malka, domna wanna Asana Elena Wilma Asana, Allah movie him in and tell them one La ilaha illa so the first NARRATION The first one that I recited, have you seen a la Hollywood cinema say Allahu Allah morphine, Luigi De Waal has an O Allah forgive me for the mistakes or the sins that have committed in seriousness, or hazily, or the sins and mistakes I've committed in joke and gesture. Well, I'm ready will Hatha and those sins and mistakes that I've committed those violations that I've engaged in knowingly will have that humans unknowingly by mistake will kill me that occur
in the in all of my actions from this from this from your disobedience forgive them all.
Now let's put some definitions to some words. What is Hatha what is Nisha?
alojado who are yet to see the be fairly he che and for you saw the for fear Allahu La Rama casada who that's the definition of Hapa who are a young sila be fairly he che and this is what a person says or does something and has an intention. And this is what I'm trying to accomplish. For you saw the full fare Allahu vedamo casado, but in return his action gives him other than what he originally intended. So what's an example of this club? According to this definition, I'll give you an example.
A person makes an intention to go to the masjid.
They're on the way to the masjid. But they accidentally end up at their school.
So they intended one thing, but for whatever reason, their action led them to another. So this is called as SATA. Another example would be I was intending to give someone cold water, but accidentally I turned on the hot hot hot water tap, you guys follows. So a person intends one thing with their action, but for some reason or the other, they end up doing opposite of what they intended. This is called a mistake. When the siano Hakuna vacuum only che in fire and Sahar in the film.
And this yarn is that a person is mindful of an action, but at the time of doing it, they forget and they do something else. For example, a person knows that they're faster, then a point comes where they forget they're fasting, and they end up doing something that violates the past. Now this violation of the past would be considered to be indicia because it was done out of forgetfulness. Kyla Houma, Phu and both of these are forgiven by ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada, banana and the hula is MFI, meaning that there is no sin. If a person accidentally killed someone, there is no sin. This is called anatomy. Total Hatha. There are three types of clutter. There's flutter flutter, Chivu setup,
and then there's Amazon. Throttle Hatha, what does that mean? That
someone is throwing a ball. What does the person doing?
All right, someone is throwing a ball. The other person was supposed to hit it with their bat but they maybe stood at the wrong angle and the ball hit them right in the middle bullseye. Crack that person's skull he died. What did you call this button? Haha. McClellan mera Hatha and Veta Hironaka. Then the Quran talks about how to deal with such an accidental killing. Okay. There's no sin for this, but there's a penalty. And again, this is something I'll come to in our next discussion.
Then the Shuhada Shiva will what that means that it was a mistake, but it wasn't really a mistake. Okay, what is this for example, there's a person that wants to hit a person, he wants to hit him, he's angry at this guy. So he takes a stick and this stick is normally a stick that wouldn't kill someone. But unfortunately he hits the person at an angle in a place that he didn't know that can actually kill someone. And because he hit that person that the exact place that person died now he said original intention wasn't to kill someone and that scenario generally wouldn't kill someone you guys understand. If you take a stick and you hit someone with a kill them, you're talking about a
thin stick you were to hit them let's say for example, on their arm if you were to hit someone on the arm, generally a personal letter die for some reason that may that person may have had some disease some loyal there, that boil popped because of which something happened with sugar something else which caused that person to die. This is called this is called glottal shimmer. And then there's Patil Ahmed, total Ahmed means that you outright kill someone you have a weapon that's meant to kill, you use it against a person, you kill that person. Okay.
So, there is no sin for anything than that of mistaken forgetfulness, however, and you're not well, I can refer well I can refer I'll if Mi La UniFi Terrazza Alana Siani hookman.
Even though the sin is forgiven, does not mean that rulings will not be established based off that accident, or based off of that mistake.
rulings will still be inactive, there are certain rulings. So for example, the Prophet sallallahu it was said about one Hadith he said, there are three things that if done seriously, they will occur. And if done, jokingly, the outcome will still occur. And Nikka, who will a taco at Taco Nica a talk which means freeing a slave that off means divorce, if a person jokingly says that I marry you, and the other conditions are met, and other person jokingly said, I accept Islamically that Nikka is actually done. I have a funny story for this actually. I was once at a camp at a youth camp.
And the last night of the camp, the youth decided to do it an entertainment night. So you know they were going to do presentations and student plays and sing the sheets and read some Quran. You know, one of those fun nights before they all went back home.
So there was a particular play that happened. And in the play, they were kind of making fun of
marriages in the Muslim community. So there was a girl wearing a hijab, and she was at the front, in front of all of these people. And there was a boy there standing at the front, he made a proposal to the girl she accepted.
It was a part of the play, though. So he made a proposal to her, will you marry me? What did she say? Yes, there were more witnesses that needed it. Because in this time, we only need to mature witnesses. There was a whole crowd of witnesses. Now, according to the gym, who did that Nikka Jim, who means majority of the scholars and Nikka wouldn't count. And it's because there was no permission from the Wali. So that's a done deal. But according to the Hanafi school of thought that Nika actually might count, because the permission of the one he isn't a necessary component for the marriage.
So right when that happened, I kid you not I freaked out, because I was sitting in attendance. And I was thinking, yeah, Allah, I'm in a lot of trouble. I should have stopped this. But then it happened so late, and I was laughing because of this, the particular skit that I didn't realize.
And I was extremely stressed. So what am I going to tell the parents? I think I occurred under my under my watch. But then Subhanallah the most weird thing happened. And I couldn't believe I was I was so happy that this happened. In normal circumstances, I would be very angry. But when this happened, I was happy. What happened was, the girl took her hijab off and threw it. Now in most cases, if a girl were to throw a hijab off, in an event like this, you would get upset, you know, why are you doing this?
But in this scenario, after she took her hijab off and threw it, I found that it was a boy.
It was a boy dressed like a girl, when they put some makeup on and he dressed up like a girl and handed out there is no * between two two men in Islam, no legal Nikka so that was a that was a savior for us.
Now, now, the big question does.
Well, rulings be established based on actions that were done.
of forgetfulness and mistakes. This is something I've touched on in today's lecture a few times now let's discuss the actual issue. So the scholars they say there are multiple scenarios and depending on which scenario you're in the ruling will be different. Scenario number one
in welfare are the Fatah or witness Yano.
feito, token McMorran be here. Let me start by big buta Darko, if the mistake or the forgetfulness occurs in leaving something that was commanded, then that ruling will still remain.
Okay, so you forget for the left something that was commanded? What's an example of that?
So very good. You're commanded to pray? You forget fully loved it. You guys understand that? So, by Yeji, buta Doku, it'll still be mandatory upon you to make that up.
Are you guys following here? So the first scenario is you were told to do something you forget fully left it. You mistakenly left it? You thought there was still five minutes left for Salah, but when you looked at the time carefully, what did you notice? There was time, there was the there was the time was off, your your clock was off, and it was actually an hour later, your clock wasn't 730 but actually 830. So now there's a mistake. So the citizen move, but the Iraq meaning doing that action is still mandatory upon you.
Okay.
Another example of this is
low level two mm and Sen. Phil little Maggie Farrelly. He was Salah fermata Koroma fender who he was late he will do what era. Another example of this is, there's a person who was supposed to do with a
will do with something commanded. He forgot that he had a water with him. The guy was in the middle of nowhere, didn't have access to didn't see any water, he forgot that he had a bottle of water in his back. So because he forgot, he didn't do something he was supposed to do. This is all a part of scenario one. Okay. So he ends up doing tambem and he reads a lot. Now, after he finishes salah, he finds a water. So what will he need to do?
He will need to do and then he will need to repeat his song.
Another example of this is this is a very tricky one, and a very scary one as well. This one actually freaks me out a lot. Mallow that's the Katamari he Ilam on Vonda, HuFa Kiran Sudan Ohanian.
Right. Someone gave his wealth to a person that he thought was poor. Later on, he found out that person was wealthy.
What happens?
Learn to
watch a valley hidden for a while and 14 Whatever a year job you have, honey, that's the cartoon account.
He will need to give that money to a poor person. He has the right to demand demand that money back from the wealthy person, Hey, man, you fooled me, give me that money back. If that person says no, then you can't really force it back.
But you will still need to give this a copy to a poor person. So this is an example of someone forget fully or mistakingly leaving out something that was commanded by Allah, the sin will be forgiven, but the action will still need to be completed. Scenario number two.
You're you do something that was prohibited by Allah. So scenario number one, you left something that was commanded by Allah. Scenario number two, you do something that was prohibited, you engage in something that was money on something that you were told to stay away from? Now there are two possibilities. The first possibility is this. first possibility is going to be example number two, or scenario number two, second possibility is going to be scenario number three. So the first scenario was you left something that you were told to do. Second scenario is that you you engaged in something you weren't supposed to engage in, lay something bad, but it's a laugh. And it is from a
type of an action that doesn't have repercussions.
Meaning no repercussions or it doesn't have any damage involve minbar, but it's not there's no damage caused by it. Okay, and Scenario number three is you did something that that was prohibited, but it caused a sort of damage, and I'll give you an example for each one and it will make sense to you. Okay, so scenario number two, you did something and work out a Kata I want to see on the field in Manhattan, lay some instability, love for that shayari scenario number two, you did something that Allah told you not to do, and there was no destruction caused and doing this action. So there is no there is no compensation on this person. This person is not accountable. When we thought of
who Felicita Munchetty Bahama, a person drinks alcohol, by drinking alcohol has he harmed anyone? Has he been wronged any person?
Are you guys following no harm done to anyone? But this person did something wrong, but he didn't harm anyone. There was no destruction caused. So because of this, Vaughn and Anna who shot Robin Hood, it was good. But when he drank it, what was this person thinking?
This is not an intox
To get a drink he thought this was just a good old grape juice, but he didn't realize that the grape juice fermented and now he's drinking an intoxicating drink for LA Hidalgo. He will act as if this person was brought to the court. And he says the coffee that I didn't think that drink was intoxicating. I didn't notice I thought it was just a grape juice and later on when I drink it, I became intoxicated and everyone's now complaining against me the AVI will not give him any hard there will be no punishment well as he had does it is a subjective punishment appointed by the coffee. How does it punishment that is clearly stated in the Quran and Hadith. Okay, so the HUD for
example, might be 80 lashes, but the thought is that as either might be 5025 lashes 27 lashes
are you guys following this, so a type of punishment appointed by the body.
Okay, a fairly thin the third scenario is someone in wealth out of Fatah, when I was young, he fell in Manhattan, well who am in Babylon, if someone does something that was prohibited out of forgetfulness, or mistakingly. And this is from the type of action that leads a destruction or causes a sort of damage lamea school to demand, the damage caused will not be forgiven, this person will be accountable for that damage. You guys understand this? Okay.
So what's an example of this?
And an example of this is
a person mistakenly runs his car into someone's house.
You understand this? What does he do? He takes his car, and he runs it in someone's house, he breaks the fence knocks the wall down. Now, was this a mistake?
If this person says it was a mistake, it was a mistake. Now, will this person be seen by Allah? Will there be? Is there a punishment for doing this? Nassetta? No, because it was a mistake. But did he cause damage, he did cause damage. So will he be responsible for that damage, he will be responsible for that damage, she will be responsible for that damage, they will be accountable for that damage. lemmya spotted demand meaning the the compensation will not be lifted from this person, if you cause damage, he or she will need to pay that
give that they will have to compensate for that damage.
The fourth scenario is
that a person does something and that action
doesn't necessarily cause damage. But the result of that action is a punishment.
You guys understand that? Someone does something mistakingly earn forgetfulness, and by doing that action, they should be punished. But if that person can prove it was a matter of forgetfulness, or mistake,
the shook the Shabbat the doubt will remove the punishment.
I'll give you an example.
Locata la Muslim and Vidal, Harvey vonden and Nahu Catherine for that BISAZZA Allah he will adhere. There's a person in the battlefield. He accidentally kills someone from his own side. He thought it was that person was an enemy, accidentally kill this person. Now normally, if you kill a person, will there be punishment? Yes. If you kill a person, normally, one person kills another person, is there a punishment? Of course there's punishment. But because he did it out of forgetfulness, there will be no punish. There will be no punishment on and there'll be no precise. There'll be no penal law enacted against him. Okay?
Another example of this.
Okay, this is a good example, someone accidentally commit Zina? It's a very dark example, but I'll share with you anyway. There's a person who
he books the room, and he's assuming that his wife is in the room, he accidentally goes into the wrong room, and there is someone else there and he has relationship with that person. Are you guys following this? It's an abstract example. But it's follow the example okay? Now did Zina occur between these two? Yes or no? Technically is not occurred. Should there be punishment of some Zina occurs, there should be punishment. But because it was done out of mistake, will there be any punishment, there will be no punishment, there will be no sauce, there'll be no harm on this person. I mean, there's no results anyway, but there'll be no harm on this person, because it was done out
of forgetfulness.
Now, there's one example that I want to share with you guys. This is a very practical one. And I get asked this question a lot.
The answer is very simple. Actually. It's a very simple answer, but I just want you to think about it. The question is this. I went to a restaurant
and I asked the person there is your food Hello.
This person said,
Yes, it is Hello. I ate from there.
One month later, or one week later, or one day later, I found out definitively that it wasn't cut up. You guys understand the scenario. Someone went to a place he asked the person is your food Hello.
And then later on, they found out definitively not speculation, speculation is meaningless, or you have to lie to the bishop. Okay? If a person says something that you have seen, and then they're shocked that comes after it, someone is speculating. So you will fall to the default ruling which was your teen meaning that will be highlighted. This is in a scenario where a Latino your zoobi again, what happens is that you the person said to you that it's had you accepted it and that was meaningful to you, that was certainty for you, most of them said and their word is meaningful. Now, what happens is that you find out a week or month later that it was actually haram. You find out a
year later two years later, that hey man, so on. So please, everyone was eating from there and now we find out their their food was haram all along. So there are a few questions. I mean, the main question, the main question is, is this person accountable with Allah or not?
The person who ate that haram food unknowingly, is that person accountable with Allah subhanaw taala or not? And the answer is very simple. What is this hadith Tejas in Allah Tada was a Lea. I'm Almighty a lotto win this year. It was a lot of mistakes, but there's no accountability with ALLAH SubhanA. There's no accountability with Allah. Allah subhanaw taala pardons that person that person is actually forgiven.
There are some other paths that we can use some legal arguments and analogies, for example, the muscle after hunting a person, let's say for example, some middle of the night, they need to pray their actual salah, he's in the middle of the desert, he doesn't know which way north is which way south is which way east and west is. So he makes a an estimated calculation. Or maybe he asks a person, there's a person passing by passing by. He says, Hey, which way is that person says this direction. So for Salah, he prays that direction. Later on, he finds out that that direction was wrong. According to the Hanafi school of thought, does he need to repeat his prayer? No, he doesn't
need to repeat his prayer. If he asked the person, which direction is that person said this direction? By the way, there's no condition of that person being Muslim or not. There's no condition. You ask that person which was northeast uses this. This way. You ask someone at the airport which way is northeast? He says this way. She says that way. You ask someone at the airport, which was northeast, they say that way you pray that way. And later on you find out that wasn't northeast that was southeast, a different direction or southwest even you know, a whole different direction.
Will this person need to repeat their salah or not? So the answer to that is a quarter of the 100 fiscal fluff, this person will not need to repeat their salah. The only scenario in which this person will need to repeat their Salah is if they prayed in any random direction without any due diligence at all. The person got up and said I'm just going to pray this way. And if he prays that way, and he finds out it's wrong, guess what? He needs to repeat it. Because there was no effort involved at all. There was no hurry. The Arabic word for this is there's not a hurry involved. But if he does go off the word of another person later on, he finds out it was wrong. He's not
accountable. So unfortunately, in our Muslim community, when it comes to Halal meats in particular people are, they're kind of they have this weird OCD, obsessive compulsive disorder, whether it is so obsessed, so obsessed, so obsessed. This is something we've already discussed before in our classes earlier. So I want to go through it again. Now the issue of economics.
The word ekra means force for someone to be coerced or forced into doing something.
There is a difference of opinion amongst the scholars.
That what type of Ica actually occurs what first of all, when does economic or what is considered a force. So some scholars, they say, forcing is when a person's life is at risk,
or the life of someone close to them, someone puts a gun to your head and says divorce your wife, that's considered forcing. Or they put a gun to your wife's head or your your wife center your child's hand and say, do x, y and z, then that's considered forcing. Okay.
Some scholars, they say, forcing is considered not only at the threat of life, but also at the threat of destruction of one's wealth, at the threat of the destruction of one's wealth, that if you don't do this, I'll burn all your money, or I'll burn your house down scholars and say that's considered a Kratu some scholars who say Alec Rahu decision, he was the the Yoda Quran that if someone threatens you that if you don't do this, I will imprison you for 20 years, 30 years. So that's also considered to be Accra.
And the true issue, the true solution to this issue, what is and what isn't considered Accra, as one of our machines would say, a nice place to summon people or not one for one person will might be considered to be cut off for another person that's not there's one person who sought us out blah, blah, blah person and you raise your hand and someone to slap you. That person might feel forced to understand. Another person is a Marine Corps. You slap that person is that it cut off for him.
If you could probably, you know, clip his fingers off one by one, you know as as we see him on television, and he probably still won't give up the location of where his buddies are.
I'm not sure if that's real, if that happens in real life or not, but it's possible.
There are examples of this, when Sahaba by the way, there's a famous narration of a particular hobby, is once a hobby of the parks that allowed them during the falafel vomit of the Allah one he was with his group is army fighting against the Romans, and they were all captured.
And when they were captured,
when they were all captured, the king told them, the ruler told them, You must you must become Christians. And they made it clear that they weren't interested in converting, they wanted to remain Muslims. So he said he would, he would torture them, they said it's okay. So what he did was, the King had a pot with oil on there that he boiled. And he said to them, become Christians, or I will toss you in here. And the Muslims made it clear that they weren't going to. So he took
one of them and he tossed them in the foot and the oil in this person, his body just dissolves within moments. The next in line was a Sahabi. When he's turned came, he broke out into tears. So the ruler told the people leave leaving, he told his men don't push him in yet. He then said that this person this hobby, that look death brought you into tears and all that arrogance and all that might you had, it's all gone missing. So this is how he responded back by saying,
you think I'm crying because I fear death. I'm crying because I regret that Allah hasn't given me enough life equivalent to the amount of strands of hair that I have in my body so that I can do this a million times. give my life for Allah sake like this again and again. I don't know how he said that, by the way. Like feels me I'd be terrified. I don't know how he said it.
So, this King when he heard this, he said a man like this, with so much honor and pride doesn't deserve to die like this. He then said to him, he then said to the person, this is a hobby, that kiss me on the forehead. honor me, show me some respect and I'll set you free. He said I'll do it. If you set me and my friends free. The king agreed. And this hobby reached forward and he kissed him on the forehead.
Later on, they were all they were all set free. When he came back to Madina Munawwara he met the Khalifa of the time, Ahmedabad photography Allah and he told him what are the Allahu on the story? Almighty Allah who got up and kissed Abdullah on the forehead. And he said to him, that the entire Ummah has a responsibility that they kiss you on the forehead because of what you did. And you save the honor and the lives of other believers. Right. So that's every person has a different degree different limit of Accra. There are some people you hold back three meals from them, and they're ready to give you whatever they whatever you ask for. And there are some people you can start them
for months in
a hunger strike, they're going to continue. They weren't they're not going to stop.
So the scholars agree that there is Iqra you in actions, right, someone can force you to do something. But is there a camera in a flood?
Sorry, sir, let me let me rephrase that. Again, let me rephrase that again. If a person says something out of caution, will what they said occur or not? That's a question. What's the question?
If a person says something, someone puts a gun to your head and says divorce your wife, you say I divorced her, will that divorce occur or not? This is a question. So these are Mudaraba majority of the scholars they say Lashay a fear nothing will occur. If a person forces another person to say something in a transaction or in a divorce or anything like that, that whatever they did under the question will not count.
Other than email, but will Hanif Rahmatullah Holly. He says it will count
Baba Khalifa, Rahmatullah Yara is states that if a person says something, they are accountable, and what was said will be will will occur. He cites the
decides a few examples, the very clear, obvious proof against him Abu Hanifah Rahmatullah Allah is the idea that I recited earlier before you stood on 111 rookery house called Mohammed Mohammed Eema. The ayah very clearly says the one who utters a word of gopher but their heart is content with faith. That person is still a believer. According to the Bible, honey, Allahu Allah, He says, this idea was in the early days of Islam, but later on as time went on, this idea was abrogated. And after that, if anyone said a statement of gopher even if it was out of force, that would be treated as
Okay, now how he proves this is he quotes Hadith of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam that there were some people who remained in Makkah and they were weak.
They were weak, they weren't strong. And the machete go to Makkah torture them. So they said, Yeah, rasool Allah, Allah says
En su letter O Messenger of Allah, won't you seek assistance for us? Would you seek Allah's help for us? For all of us who have less Allah Hi my name is setting them up said Allahu Allah He was Saddam said Indeed before you there were people that they were tortured to a degree that they were dug into the ground and they were cut into pieces.
And even then, he remained patient and firm on his Deen
for call Imam. So imagine even with Allah era said, had you read the whole Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam Allah submitted mother for the usual inside a Terrassa Econometrica. He says that, therefore, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is setting the example of a person who was willing to go all the way till death and did not give up his faith in a position of praising him. So if the prophet said Allahu alayhi wa sallam is praising such a person, therefore,
it is not permissible for a person to stay, say a statement of Kufa even at the time of torture, even if a person is being
is being
is being forced. And then he quotes a narration of a letter we thought about the Allahu Allah and the Prophet salallahu Alaihe Salam gave him some advices 10 Very beautiful, long, deep pieces of advices and one of the advices he said to him, laughter should it be Lao input data of Rifter that don't make shit up with Allah, even if you are cut into pieces or birth, save money from Allah, Allah says, in a time of duress, anything you say will be counted. And if a person says the word of gopher in the world, they will be treated with Kufa but between them and Allah, Allah knows, meaning they won't be accountable with Allah, they won't be punished with Allah, we've already covered that.
But until that person doesn't say a statement of iman, we will be responsible of dealing with them in a fashion that they verbally stated.
There are scholars on both sides by the way, even some Hanafi scholars are with the gym who by the way, on this issue, there are many Hanafi scholars who are of the position that if a person does something out of force, they are not accountable, and they will not be punishment Allah even if a person says something, the Nikka the Thoth won't occur according to the law. If someone is forced to give that up, he gives the law that the law will occur according to the gym would according to a majority of the scholars that a lot will not occur.
So to close off some this hadith and discuss one or two points. The importance of this hadith This is a very important Hadith. Imam people hate me, Rahim Allah Jota Allah says that this hadith covers half of the deen because in our actions either you do something or lead something intentionally or unintentionally. And this hadith talks about the unintentional harm therefore it covers half of our deen
Why is the mom no we're not going to lie here Ali bringing this hadith here. We're on Hadith number 39 Only three narrations left for this book to be complete. Why is him I'm not gonna lie to you bringing this hadith here. The scholars they say it's very possible that they might remember we don't know the law here Allah is bringing this hadith here to humbly request Allah to forgive him for any mistakes made in this book.
In Allah the jar was really an almighty Allah that one this year, because the book is wrapping up now. So it's possible he brings his book here to ask Allah for forgiveness. The book started off with in the Malama Lavinia he was reminding himself and reminding the reader to be sincere. And not him. I'm never gonna have to lie, Allah is giving us a reminder again, that be sincere, be humble. And if you've made a mistake while studying this book, and if we've made any mistake while reading this book, if we've been disrespectful, negligent in any way, yeah, Allah, we turn to you, and we ask you to overlook it. You've already promised to overlook it. So without any doubt, we believe
that you have overlooked our mistakes or shortcomings or anything done and of course, forcefulness. I pray that Allah subhanho wa Taala showers as mercy upon us and Allah subhanaw taala gives us the true understanding of this Deen Allah subhanaw taala does not hold us accountable or burden us with a with a weight with a carry with a with a burden that we are not able to carry. We ask that Allah subhanahu wa Tada. Showers has mercy upon us. It keeps us in His protection with subtle Allahu ins. Hamid a Santa Monica rahmatullah wa barakato.