Ali Ataie – An Introduction to Sciences of the Qur’an (Complete Series)
AI: Summary ©
AI: Transcript ©
Come to this class. This is a class on the sciences of the
Quran. There's a text out there called the original Koran
by a German scholar named Juan Denford. I highly recommend
that you obtain a copy of this text.
It's not required but highly, highly recommended. If you don't
have it today, that's okay. So
the text that
the seminal text and in lumen Quran, the sciences of the Quran,
the most famous text is by Imam Juliana Dena so up
this text is called econ allocate calm if you're over the Quran,
which is translated as the perfect guide to the sciences of the
Quran. And it's been translated Hamid, Al Gore and others. I think
it's in two or three volumes, but it's quite robust, a little
difficult to follow. So what Vaughn Denver does with this text,
we're gonna call on Is he really tries to make a good abridgement
of that text. That's easy to follow for students for
students at the big the beginners level. So he's done a service for
us in that regard.
When we when we say Sciences of the Koran, we're not talking about
life and geography and the Quran, biology, these, these natural
sciences we're talking about the word science.
You in Latin means a knowledge knowledge is or different aspects
related to the Quran. So for example, today we're talking about
the concept of why of Revelation.
Right? So it's important to understand what is revelation?
What is the nature of why. And then our next meeting we're going
to be talking about in sha Allah, the compilation of the Quran. When
was it compiled?
How was it done? Who did it? What are the early massage F or Coda
C's are manuscripts of the Koran.
And then we also talked about things like survival in the zoo,
which is
basically the historical contextualization of many of the
ayat of the Quran. So why was a certain first revealed what is the
immediate cause of this is
establishing the zoo. And then we talked about things like pneus, or
abrogation within the Quran. And this is something that is
controversial, but most of the earth I must say there are certain
verses in the Quran that cancel other verses. Right? So talking
about that extent of that, and why that's even in the Quran.
So today we're talking about why
and why he was feeling while hot young.
linguistically, right. So the words have definitions. Lofoten
and Phyllis Diller linguistically and technically, so, why are you
one linguistically means to signify something quickly to
signify something? Why. So, for example, if I do this
I have signified something. What am I? What am I signified?
Peace, good. So it's an immediate signifier of a concept or a
meaning. Right? If I go, I guess, anyone
hang loose, hang tight.
And that's
okay, or perfect, perfect, perfect, or is a satanic symbol as
well? 666. Yeah, so you'll see people that are in it's a real
thing. The Church of Satan is headquartered out of San
Francisco. It's one of their hand they there's another thing they
do, but it's like, it's a curse. I'm not going to do it. But so
this is this is the linguistic definition of wanting to do
something with your hands or your body or with your eyes. That
signifies some sort of meaning quickly. And this is how it's used
in Iran. If you look at sort of money in chapter 19, verse 11, we
are told Father John, Oh, me, him and me. Oh, ha elating him and set
the whole book rotten. Why Shia? That second era set up when he was
given the Bushrod the good news of yak yak.
He took a vow of silence, which is something that they used to do in
the previous woman.
And when he came out of his sanctuary for our heart lane and
he gestured to them somehow
signal signifying them or commanding them to praise Allah
subhana wa Tada morning and evening.
Right
now in the Quran,
I will have the verb I will ha which is form for a causative form
also means to teach or inspire or reveal. So it also kind of what to
Alice's
in Surah Nahata for 6816 and 68 Well how to book law nationally
and internationally energy valuable you're taught that your
Lord inspired the bees. So ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada is inspiring is
giving ye to animals to bees, to build houses, in the mountains.
It also denotes satanic, or demonic inspiration in the Quran,
the same verb our highs used. So for example, you see like one is
symbolism everywhere in pop culture.
You know, this isn't some, you know, conspiracy, that all these
actors are involved in this is probably satanic
inspiration of some sort. That's why they want I it's so prevalent
in our pop culture. Of course, the prophets have a lot he says, he
said that the Antichrist is out is one eyed. Right. So the last point
I want to address is this is sort of an homage sort of number six
121 In a nutshell, Dina, that you are who
you are, who not either earlier in your journey, that indeed the
demons
inspire their minions, to dispute with you.
So same verb is used our ha You
will also kind of want to I also
will use this verb I will have in the Quran, when inspiring non
prophetic people, non prophetic human beings so people that aren't
prophets,
Allah Subhan Allah Allah says in surah 2111 What is our hate who
Hilo Hawaii in?
That remember when I inspired the disciples of SI Lisa,
Allah Subhan Allah to Allah gave ye to the disciples a very sad
days. But these are nonprofits. Why are they nonprofits? Because
the Prophet sallallahu Sallam says in a hadith that was rigorously
authenticated Behati about any sign a Saddam he said lays a baby
well, they know that
there is not between me and him a prophet.
Right? The loss of kind of what's out of uses this verb I'll have
a loss probably want to Allah says
about the mother of mu size. And sort of toss us is number seven.
What are Hey not only Musa an oral dairy and we inspired or we
revealed to the mother of Moses to nurse him to nurse musante setup
so Allah subhana wa Tada says, Oh Ha, to the mother of Musa and
she's called Google Musa the only woman named in the Quran is
Matteotti set up, but according to the tone out her name is Jehovah
read a lot
and there's an opinion that she's actually a prophet. Right there's
a minority opinion but as an opinion, Imam according to be even
hasm that there are female prophets and she's
now technically
Phyllis Felicity LA.
What is watching
the URL I must say,
the technical definition of why is Canavalia I want to
collab Allah at Bonez Zoo. So, the sent down literally who sent down
speech of God, the speech of God which has been sent down and on a
vegan mean NBR II,
upon a profit from his profits upon a profit, the speech of God
which is sent down upon a profit, this is the technical definition
of why it is a theological definition of why,
however, they, they do make a distinction
between y, y,
which is revelation given to prophets, and E, hang on, there's
another word called E.
So I have Yeah, ha, and if Hunza e
and e is non prophetic revelation.
So in the Quran, for example, and both of these concepts both of
these are infinitives, both of these infinitives are denoted in
the Quran by the verb I will hop. So they share a verb
but they're different concepts.
Right? So when we read the word Wow.
Right?
It is referring to prophets, prophetic revelation. Why is only
for prophets he has on is for nonprofits.
Another word for Ihar is in ham, in the ham, we'll talk about in
ham.
But again both of these concepts are denoted by the verb I will
hide in the Quran. So in Allah subhanaw taala this is going back
to that I have muddied up with a way to either Howard again, I will
hate that we inspire or reveal to the prophets, this is to the
disciples, this is III have on or even this is not prophetic
revelation. This is not why the earth MSA Why is only for
prophets, this term waiting.
there and I also mentioned that
prophetic walking so revelation given to a prophet may be
religious or theological in nature or not. Right? There may be some
element of
a some sort of worldly affair that Allah some kind of want to Adam
wants to reveal to a prophet. For example, Allah Subhan, Allah to
Allah says in the Quran, what's negative fulica? The Ewelina?
Well, why are you not to know?
Allah Subhan Allah to Allah says to him build the ark, under our
eyes, which means under our protection, and under our
inspiration under our washing, so it will try to use was given why
as to how to build a good ship.
Right? It didn't know how to build a ship.
The early models I mentioned that doubled ice and I was given washi
as to how to make
armor, or chainmail
and other prophets were given ye with respect to things like
medical science or mathematics.
Now, they also say that there's three types of ye.
There's three types of washing again and when I say washing, I'm
talking about revelation given to prophets.
Okay, prophetic revelation, broadly speaking, three types, the
first type is called the internal perception,
internal or you can say interior, interior perception. This is when
meanings meanings Mani meanings are perceived in the heart of a
prophet.
Okay, no voice is heard. And then the Prophet him or herself will
choose the words to articulate that meaning.
So there's no literal dictation here.
For example, Allah subhanaw taala will command the prophets of a
body setup to marry a certain woman.
Right? So he'll have meanings descended to his heart, so a lot
more it it was, but no, no cavity map, there's no words. So when he
awakes from his sleep, he knows the Command of Allah subhanaw
taala.
A lot is giving him this type of internal perception.
And this is done either with an angelic medium or without, either
through a set item. or Allah subhana wa Tada will place
meetings, my name directly into the heart of the Prophet
sallallaahu, Salam himself.
Internal perception, interior perception.
The second type of walking is called interior low confusion,
interior low confusion. This is internal auditory dictation. So,
and this is also with an angelic mediation. So the angels up is and
that becomes the prophets of the body.
And he'll give words to the prophets of the bodies of the
prophets of the Lord. He said, And we'll hear them internally, the
words of the angel.
And these are specific words. They're not just meanings, they're
actual words.
And the Prophet said a lot he said them we'll remember these words
and then recite them.
This is called interior location, through angelic mediation,
interior location through angelic medication. Again, this is one of
the prophets of a lot of seven. These ones you may not insulin
comes to the Prophet and gives him an internal auditory dictation. So
the Prophet hears actual words internally.
And when he comes out of his state of receiving the Revelation, He
will repeat the words
and then scribes will eventually write them down and it becomes
caught on
now and
other type of interior location is without an angelic mediation
without an angelic mediation, and this is the highest most exalted
type of walking allows you kind of what to Ana gives words, actual
words to the prophets of Allah isa without an angel.
And the aroma say that this happened a couple of times.
The most famous is when the Prophet saw a lot he said it was
at the base of the OSH the and the similar to Montana. And the native
leader took his solo on Mirage, where did you do that? So that did
not pass so even beyond the seventh heaven, at the base of the
throne, did you realize you could not pass and ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada
says, it's the Ohio either IDE My aha is inspired my sermon whatever
I inspired without an angelic mediation. So a lot of days in
words, what are these words in a message rude mentions halacha What
about the end of swords and Bacara
the last two is of silicon buffer and this contains the essential
Aveda of the Muslims. Right these two Ayat replaced directly into
the heart of the Prophet Soleimani said without geogrid It is said
that
this is called interior location without angelic mediation. Another
word for it is mosaic Theophany This is how Allah subhanho wa
Taala would speak to Moose is
that any type of mediation what kind of them Allahu Musa tech Lima
there's something very special. Allah says in the Quran surah nisa
i 164. There's something very, very special about how Allah spoke
to Musa while telling them Allah Musa check Lima to kleemann is a
definitive Metro Manila, which is stressing the word, very special
way, which will also kind of without us but the Mossad, Islam,
but Allah subhanaw taala also spoke in that way to the Prophet
Mohammed says, On some occasions, and there's other occasions as
well, we'll talk about.
Okay, so again, interior perception, going back to the
first kind of ye interior perception that the prophet is not
receiving kalimat he's not receiving words, he's just
receiving my ID meanings, right meanings, I need to do this I need
to do that. This is Allah is inspiring me to do. Right. And
then he will articulate to his Sahaba what he needs to do what
Allah has commanded him to do. So this is not quite on, this is
heavy.
But interior location, with or without angelic mediation, is what
he's actually receiving caveat. Allah is giving him words, actual
orders.
The promise of Eliasson will repeat those words and allows
ordering him to be nice. So that was ordering him to recite these
words in prayer. And this is the point on
the third type of walking is exteriors illusion.
So we have interior perception interior location, now we have
exterior location. And this is always through an angelic
mediation. It's always through an angel. This is when an angel comes
to the Prophet Soleimani seven.
So this is exterior auditory dictation. And angel comes in the
form of a human being, to the process of a licen. This is going
to say this, the prophet repeats,
right? Oftentimes the angel would come
in a form that was seen by other people. Sometimes the angel was
not seen by other people. We'll talk more about this.
Sometimes the angel will come to the Prophet in his actual form, on
rare occasion,
is an actual form.
There's a verse in the Quran Surah 42 verse 51, Allah subhanaw taala
says, one man can only a budget and you cut him a hula hoop get
that washed, yet it is not befitting for a human being that
Allah should speak to him except by ye. And the MSA here the
meaning is interior perception the first time
or men that what out a job or from behind a veil and the urn. I'm
gonna say this is interior location. God is veiled. Right?
God has failed but there's no mediation. Oh, you'll see that or
assume for you, the evening he might yesha again chapter 42 Verse
51. The first part of the eye is talking about interior perception.
The middle part of the eye is talking about the interior
location and the last part of the eye or we say
sending him a messenger any angel who inspires him by his
permission, whatever He wills exterior location.
Any questions on these three types of ye?
The latter two are Quran. The first one is hottie. Yes, sir. Can
you just repeat?
Yeah, yes. First 42 Verse 5140 to 51, one icon and he budgeted as
you can demand and you can come up with novel in that wagon. Our men,
what are he Hey, Jonathan. Oh, you will see that Rasul. And for you,
the evening email, yes, yeah.
So let's just shoot up versus what is there? Are there any more
examples? Second Life
without an angel? Yeah, we'll talk about that. Yeah. Yes, sir.
Interior location with angelic and external. Look, what is the
difference between exterior location that's when an angel
would come in human form. So the Prophet salallahu Salam would here
with his ears, right? It's external auditory dictation, like
in the cave.
Man, everybody is external location.
We'll talk more about this in a minute here. So these methods of
walking are indicated in the hadith is how do you think
Mohammed he tableta Ye, the first book of Behati is called Kitab ye
97. Eduardo Behati. He says SallAllahu Sallam Yan Yeah, teeny.
Who's talking about the wife? Yeah, yeah, no, yeah, teeny,
little do some selective jealous, what were ushered to Who are they?
For UFC more, I need to worry too much here, but a little bit
thoroughly and metacoda Julian. So he says, sometimes the revelation
comes to me, like the ringing of a bell.
Like the ringing of a bell. And that's the most severe on me
physically.
Until it updates when I understand what it is saying. And sometimes
it comes to me. Sometimes the revelation comes to me in the form
of an angel taking the form of a man. So first part of the hadith
is interior. Right? Look, you should the second part of the
Hadith, an angel comes to exterior location.
So what is this ringing of the bells. So there's actually a
coordinated hazard as collabing. There's 46 ways in which the
province of allies have received the ye
46 different ways. One of them is the ringing of bells.
Some of the aroma say this means this is how he described it
symbolizes sort of, but in reality, it was the fluttering of
the angel's wings. This is an opinion from the earth. In an RV
says it was continuous. It was coming from all directions, but
it's something he's hearing internally.
We'll talk more about this in a minute. Inshallah. And some of the
Ottomans say that
the hurdles,
so the disjointed letters, right, like, yeah, seeing how I mean,
cafe is
that one of the practical functions of these letters, was to
focus the profits of an artisan when he's receiving internally at
location. So you'd imagine the profit center is very busy in his
life. So Allah wants to focus on one way of focusing in is to bring
in a human being in front of him who introduces himself as an
angel.
And say this, okay, it repeats, right? Or Allah subhana wa, tada
will give him these letters to focus on. Hi, me. So here's this
initially.
So it's vibrations that turn into words, and he understands that's
Revelation.
Now, why have you why so?
There's different theories about that. Nobody really knows it's one
of the mysteries of the Quran. There are some early model of
Wien, mystical exegesis explaining what these letters mean. But all
of them say well novel Adam, nobody really knows.
And how do you have Aisha Buhari, she says, To who don't do
anything, why do Michelle didn't borrow? Or in Niger Lena, who? The
end the first subtle Arakan. She said, I saw the Prophet sallallahu
sallam. We've seen the revelation on a severely cold day, and indeed
his forehead was dripping with sweat.
So
there was a physical manifestation,
physical manifestation of those things happening to them.
Obviously physically when the revelation was descending, so he
would sweat some a lot. He said that he would turn pale sometimes
begin panting. Some of the orientalist said that you
is having seizures. This is obviously false. When someone has
a seizure, they fall to the ground was shaking or foaming at the
mouth. And they don't remember anything. I actually had
experience with this. Not me having a seizure, but I had an
elderly boss, when I was working at a place called mailboxes, etc.
I think it's called the UPS store. Now, this is way back in like
before y2k.
And it was like, you know, we're closing and my boss, he starts
shaking, going into a seizure and actually caught her. She's about
to
table and everything's like covered to put it on the ground.
He's shaking his foaming at the mouth, and then the ambulance can
call the ambulance. And I remember they asked her, do you know this
guy that wanted to meet? You said no.
And they said, What year is it?
I know this one can't even know the year. Right? So these are not
this is not the epilepsy is he's not having seizures, solid bodies
don't have a seizure, and then you come out of it. And you're
reciting. So it's
it doesn't work like that. But there was some physical things
that were happening. Right, because the weight of the ye
right?
In this unknowingly hydrocodone tequila losses are the answers in
the Quran. This speech is very weighty.
Right? And he says a lot he said, shake your neck to the hood and
what a heart to heart. You know, he had some gray hair and not a
lot of gray hair and I like being longer. But it was chemical
imbalance. But because his constitution was so perfect
physically so the bodies may not be 60 years old. He looked like he
was 30s. But he had a little in the 60s He had a little bit of
gray hair here on the temples. And even Omar says 11 or 18 hairs, but
he said I got these gray hairs from the weightiness of the
revelation of Surah Hood, sort of God which talks about the
other half of ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada ALLAH SubhanA wa kind of
destroying these city states that disobeyed him the punishment of
Allah subhana wa Tada is very weighty for the Prophet Soleimani.
So and other he said, well watch about another like it's his sister
sorrows. Others that describe the the dab of what most would have
with 100.
What do you would receive the revelation if he was sitting on a
conveyance? The convenience would kneel, who's sitting on his camel
the camel would kneel.
One time Abubaker said that he was sitting next to the profits of a
lot. He said, the wind descended upon the profits of a lot. He said
an apple Buckers leg was under the profits Lake and he said that I
thought my leg was going to be crushed under Islam.
And Zaid said something similar as well.
And how do you get back mad? He said it feels like my soul being
extracted.
Said no one wants that he heard the humming of bees coming from
his face when the Prophet was receiving revelation. So the MRP
was very close to the offseason. And the way he descended and he
heard he said it sounded like BS.
And say the Armada special. I mean, he's, he has a he's very,
he's very prophetically attuned, say normal. That's what the
Prophet saw that it sort of said, in a sound Hadith intuitively,
there was a prophet after me it would have been saved. In fact, on
one occasion, and some say two occasions, the Prophet sallallaahu
Salam is receiving ye. So let's move on. Allah subhana wa Tada is
describing the creation of the human being. And the prophets of
Allah Salam is repeating this, before the Prophet can get to the
end of the ayah. Satan, Allah would finish it. The first time
it's revealed for tobacco level acts of equality. And the Prophet
said, Yes, that's the end of it. This is in tune to say neural
models with the with the wagon.
So you have the ringing of bells, another method or another way
would come to the Prophet so obviously, is an angel coming as a
human being we talked about this as a form of exterior location.
Sometimes the angel will take the form of a companion named Dan
Yeah, to kind of be
and this has been the object of much ridicule by an Orientalist
and anti with some analysis, you know, there's a well this guy was
obviously pretending to be an angel. But why defy the kind of be
is because it was extremely beautiful,
extremely beautiful compassion and other forms as well. If you look
at the hadith of Jupiter is
this set in our mindset when I got ready for a woman that hadn't?
Driven Ali Salam came into a form of a human being we didn't know
what none of us knew who he was. He was an unknown that any of
the dominant opinion is that the angel that brought the Wi Fi to
the profit, so the money so that was always given it
as a dominant opinion, based on the eye of the whole answer to i
97.
297 called The Man Can I do one? Did you agree that in that won't
necessarily
say whoever is an enemy to Gabriel, for indeed he brings the
revelation
or brings the revelation to your heart by the permission of God.
Some scholars also say that during the fact that so there was a, a
span of time in which the prophets of Allah racism did not be seen
the revelation
right, Sundays 15 days and say up to six months, or a lot more Adam,
the exact length of time, some say up to three years, the RMSA during
this time is soft feel would come and visit the profits of the body
seven and even Hajer says that he would give the profit washy but
non Quranic ye
just for Constellation just to give him a peace of mind. Just to
reassure him that everything is okay. That you sort of feel with
visit the prophets of Allah.
The Prophet said that this method of exterior location what what?
One a lot of yeah, this is the most this is the easiest for me.
So when it's exteriors location, it would be easy for the profits
of the body so physically, but when it's interior, it would be
tough on and physically, especially certain sort of the
Poddar that's describing the job of Allah Subhan, Allah dawn.
These are the only things that
considerably aged him so the level Ariados
otherwise, he's imperfect physical appearance.
And as part of our Archaea to believe that he is the most
beautiful of human beings even more so than use of eyes.
Now,
as we said, even harder said, there's 46 methods of the washing.
So we mentioned ringing your bells, an angel coming as a human
being.
Another one
is an angel than Aboriginal appearance.
So this happened again two or three times where
we'll give the prophets of allottee seven ye in the form in
which a lot created to realize.
So the most one of the most famous is at the very beginning of
towards the beginning.
Right after the after the commissioning of the Prophet
sallallahu. So then you will add Islam, came to the Prophet
salallahu Salam in his true form,
and gave him Washington. And again during the Mirage, during the
Mirage, ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada manifested you read it in his true
form.
Another method, the fourth one true dreams. I wrote, yeah, I saw
the aka.
The Prophet said that when he said, a true dream is 146 of
number one.
A true dream is 146 of a double. Why? Because it's 46 ways in which
prophets proceed why? One of them is a little Yesod.
A believer has a little bit of saga is one prophecy. It could be
going hand in hand, or e hat, as we said before, but we don't use
the term y unless we're talking about profit.
And the truest of dreams are at similar time, a stumbling block
every last Hi, just before Fajr
the truest of dreams according to the province of Eliza. They heard
me say because that's when the Prophet saw the body so that was
born during this time.
Initially, if you have a good dream, you should write it down.
Because you'll forget, write it down immediately. And have it
interpreted as a science of dream interpretation.
Okay,
so a true dream. And he would have dreams true dreams before and
after the day after the day after is his commissioning as a prophet,
only little cousin when he was 40 years old, right? On Jebel and
who? The episode of ikura right that's that's when he was
commissioned as a prophet. But even in his 30s, or even earlier,
he would have true dreams, which is an indication that he's already
a prophet. before age 40 Just not commissioned as a prophet.
And in the sound Hadith, when did you become a prophet when Adam was
being a rule like just said,
When did you become a prophet? When Adam was between the soul and
body? I was a prophet
Okay, and of course, there's miracles attributed to him, even
as a child. These are called a house in a house, you know, three
prophetic or prepare, I thought miracles at the story of Bucky,
another monk, and the Prophet sallallahu sallam was with the
caravan and Barbuda, notice that trees were bending, to shade him.
Right? In pre prophetic miracle.
So the dream of a prophet is always true.
The dream of a prophet is always true, and it's always working. For
the rest of us. A dream can be one of four things a dream can be from
the neffs it's called left standing or egotistic. Dream
right? So
you know if you
if you read some something haram or see something caught on before
you go to sleep, we probably see it in a dream. This is from the
neffs go to sleep very, very hungry. If obviously some food
you're very thirsty, you'll be in a waterfall, go swimming,
discipline, then that's
then you have something called
an angelic during
my Lakhani coming from an angelic presence in your shaytani right so
me coming from a demonic presence. That's why when you go to sleep,
you should sleep with Audible. You should sleep on your right side.
And there's certain area prophetic invocations of the Prophet
somebody said they're very very short.
If you want to be more ambitious recite it of course see
recite como la la had three times just while you're falling asleep,
recite and fall asleep in that state and inshallah we can have a
good intention. Have it and make an intention for ALLAH SubhanA wa
Tada to give you a rough idea of the Prophet salallahu Salam in
your sleep.
And then there's divine Rob Garni dreams. Rabbani. Like if a
believer sees the prophets of Allah 87 This is what I'm Danny,
this is a is a true dream is from Allah subhanho wa Taala is a gift
to a believer.
Straight time cannot imitate the prophets of the body. So there's
even an opinion that she taught killer imitate any prophet, any
prophet. You see.
Some of the owner might even say if you see someone that doesn't
look like the prophets of the body, but introduces himself as
the prophet, and you have a strong inclination that it is the profit
limits him. He's trying to tell you something. Like one of my
teachers, he saw the profits of a lot he said
it was a long white beard, man, he didn't have a long white beard.
One of my teachers saw him with no beard.
Right? And he was disturbed when he woke up he said you couldn't
have this this Sunday was the beard. So he got it interpreted
and he said the Prophet is trying to tell you to follow sunnah
because a believer is the mirror of a believer he's reflecting a
fault in you wants you to see it on him. Because the mirror never
you never get mad at a mirror just reflects the truth. It never
insults you. It tells you the truth. Right? If it's strange and
it's clean, it'll tell you the truth
right so the prophets of Allah Islam isn't trying to give you a
message beginning there like a local item but the dominant have
been in here again, is that no
he if he doesn't look like him, it's not him has to look like him.
Okay
so true drains and I just said I want to bamboo the RV is what we
are yes sorry ha heart to know me for can allow Elijah at Mithila
finatus.
She said that the first type of ye that came to the Prophet
sallallahu said was true times in his sleep. She said that he never
saw a dream. Except that it except that it came like the break of
day. In other words, it always came true that you can count on
his dream coming true. As much as you can count on the sun rising in
the morning. His dreams would always come true.
It was a dream that informed him of what libido. libido was a
Jewish mage. A mage is a practitioner of black magic,
called a mage. So the prophesy said I'm having a dream. Finn
known in his sleep of what Levine had done to him and also a lot
inspirative gave him why as to how to deal with breaking
what he had done to him.
And this was obviously after the death
This story is controversial.
There's not a lot of strong Hadith support for the story. It's
mentioned in Seawright literature. But it seems to come into conflict
with what Allah Who Yeah, I see, look, I mean, I mess that Allah
gives you must protect you from the people. So there seems to be
some problems with the story.
But apparently, this mage had gotten some of the hair of the
prophecies.
And the Quran is talking about those who blow on knots, right,
the last two suitors of the Chronicle, and more I would, and
what I will attain, right, these, if these two swords were revealed
on the occasion of this, of this episode, according to the
established sort of literature, he got from the head of the province,
so many times seven knots into it, and he threw it into a well, the
promises said that after blowing some incantations, upon the hair
of pomp, and not something that is mentioned is in his, in this,
whatever this text was that he was using this mage. And so the
promisee suddenly noticed that, you know, his memory was failing,
it played with his memory a little bit, then he told the nanny to
stand over the well and recite the last two sources of the Quran. So
I follow up with that. And there's
there's seven I add, love, there's 11, I'm sorry, 11 months 11 knots
in the air.
And there's 11 I add in these last two saw, and 11 sort of a
it's sort of a, a sacred number for the practitioners of black
magic. So we use the number to sort of counter that
we do things 1133 That's the counter the evil, the satanic
evil.
These are different ways. So numbers are like a sword.
You can use this or a knife I should say you can use a knife
compare an orange or you can to kill someone. Numbers are the same
type of thing. So suddenly, I'm on a caution against getting into
Gematria which is like the science of numbers using numbers to do
things to people.
Anyway, okay. And then we have direct discourse, we talked about
this. So what is direct discourse, this is interior location without
an angelic mediation. And the brother asked about, are there
other instances in which the prophets advice was given kuti man
by ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada without God, so that we mentioned one,
cause one Bopanna, almost so ut mentioned Surah, 93 and 94. Also,
were given but by Allah subhanaw taala, to the prophets of Allah,
without an angelic deviation will do however later either such as,
and then the one that comes after I'm not sure, like I saw. And
these were given to him by Allah when he was asleep,
the amount of co2 emissions
and these two sources are always recited.
Together even Miss Earth would always recite these two sources
together
the province in that in the row row hypotheses in the row
hypotheses
naffaa Pharaoh or,
indeed the Spirit of sanctification inspires my
thinking.
So here he's talking about interior perception, inspiration
in the heart,
with a medium interior perception, so these are again mine, indeed,
the spirit of sanctification, most of the aromas he read it, so that
inspires my thinking. His thoughts right are a result of the way he
is receiving his even his thinking processes washing.
Eventually everything he says is washing while my antiguo and in
Hawaii in Hua Illa washery you have an emotion it will cover
everything he says is why.
Now let's talk about the types of E hot he has or we said
he Ha is non prophetic revelation, non prophetic revelation.
The first type is called cache cache, cache phone.
This translated as some sort of disclosure or unveiling
will cache FYI the last book in the New Testament book of
Revelation is called and will cache EFA.
So the arena must say that cash flow relates to something relates
to the sensory abilities something directly visible.
Right
have, for example,
say to her mother one time was giving a football.
And in the middle of the night he said, yeah, sorry, I had to jump
on. Yeah, sorry I Gemma
and everyone can look around
who's Sadie Sadie is not here. And then the tradition says he was
laughing because he thought he knew what's happening. So they
asked him after and he said, he said Allah subhana wa Tada gave me
a vision of the army I had sent towards Persia, the leader of the
army was a man in Saudia and that was wanting him to on the other
side of the mountain, those people waiting to ambush them.
Right. So this is cash. This is a type of unveiling,
right? Something that's related to sensory abilities. So that you can
prove by a discovery of some sort.
So these are given to saints and righteous people.
An example from the life of the prophet Sallallahu Sallam is one
day he walked out and his camel was gone.
So, Jewish man passed by he said, look, look at your prophet, he
doesn't know where his camel is.
And the Prophet sallallahu sallam said, I only know what Allah
subhanho wa Taala
tells me
and then at that point, ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada immediately told
it, is it asked for my camera lens in such and such place? And it's
it's next to this tree and he described it perfectly.
So cash and then the second type of E is called in
in
two and a half
for Georgia, ha ha, ha ha
ha woman DISA.
In her is intuitive knowledge, intuitive,
which is infused upon the heart.
But further it is a law says, Well, I know now who may lead to
marriage.
So getting a lead only n Maloney is a type of enhance knowledge
that's given kind of nonprofit. That's true knowledge.
True Knowledge.
So the aroma say that
in hand is higher than cash.
Because it closer to the station of a prophet.
You have is a type of microphone
that's given to a saint.
Not because gnosis of God. True knowledge of Allah subhana wa
Tada. It's given to someone as a gift. Without reading books, a lot
of fuses it upon the heart of a wadi.
Some of the other stories of the LDS there are some LDI that were
known to never study books, but they teach classes. Ask them what
did you study? In my sleep?
In my sleep, Allah Subhana Allah gives me shy opens my heart gives
me knowledge. This is possible mungkin
mama shadowy surfaces according to mama Sharon is top of Otter Cobra
Chatterley's if you're unveiling if your cash contradicts the Quran
and Sunnah, then hold fast to the Quran and Sunnah. And ignore your
unveiling.
Or somebody else's unveiling contradicts the point on insulin.
Why do you say that? Because there are ways in which
kofod
seem to replicate cash
called shamanism, right calling on gin for example. Gin can give you
information. They're secret societies whose goal is to
domesticate if you will, Jin, to bring them things do favors for
them.
They have certain passwords that they use, this is real. These are
educated people. These are people in our government that have these
meetings on how to control Jim is absolutely true.
So we have to be careful about about that.
In my mind, Gilani, he said if you see a man flying through the air
or walking on water, that to subdue will be done but unless you
check his history of karma, to the keytab in the Sunnah
and don't believe in someone who can do some sort of these are how
adequate ADAPT is or breaks of natural law, even breaking natural
law to don't believe in Him unless you see that he has is your karma
uprightness in the Quran and the Sunnah.
But if he's lacking there, be aware because there's the HANA
there.
Did Raj you know there's there's different types of miracles that
are given to false prophets
that are just, you know, an apparent miracle. You know,
something that you can learn if you really wanted to.
But why would you, for example, Buddhist monks that can stop their
heartbeat
and you learn how to do this through meditation 30 years waste
of time, which I think was a miracle where you can there are
these you know, these people if you stab them with a sword, they
can move their organs around it is a the sort. You think, Well,
that's a miracle. It's not you can actually learn how to do that. But
it takes like 30 years, why would you want to do that for some time?
So it's got the sticker off you think well, what is a miracle is
really not there's no till faith in something like who cares?
Okay, we have a few minutes here.
So
like I said, at some point, all of the prophets speech became ye and
the textual proofs as we mentioned, sort of imagine one
through five one i anticodon, helwa. mandible, Matt is negating
young people is a physical doctor is a imperfect tense. When Matt
negates him or daughter, it means never.
He never speaks from how it means from himself from his own Caprice,
his own desires.
Everything he says is why
I lost a pilot to ISIS would have 59 i And number seven, while Matt
Takamori, Rasulullah sallallahu. whatever the messenger gives you
take it, whatever he gives you. Math means whatever. Here it's not
negating right here is relative math. Whatever he gives you take
it because it's good.
Many times in the Quran obey Allah to Allah with your Rasul Allah,
obey Allah and obey the messenger.
Obey allow me to bend upon.
obey the messenger means obey what the Prophet is saying.
obey His words, because it's also why
in the Quran, 1644 ones Allah elated. Vichara Did you bake in an
in NAS? Man Zero am
We sent down upon you, the vicar, the Quran in order for you to make
a tabby game, they aren't in order for you to explain what was
revealed to them. The Quran was set down in order for you to
explain the Quran to them. That means that the prophets of the
body said is the first and foremost professor of the Quran,
the explainer of the Quran,
the commentator of the Quran
being here are meant to become so hectic
and concerning the neshamah of your Lord and it was all of the
MSA and now here is the revelation concerning the revelation of your
Lord Fahad did
get some Hadith Alright, so we follow hottie
you follow salah is a different meaning so nine Hadith. A hadith
is a statement or action that is attributed to the prophets of
Allah it says
whether it's true or false, something attributed to him it's
called a happy but sunnah means the authenticated.
The Sunnah is the normative practice of the prophets of Allah
Islam, which is derived from sound Hadith.
So there's some Hadith that are forged. There's no doubt about it.
We reject those Hadith, but we accept sunnah we have to accept
them. So ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada says, and applied chemical fuels
would like to sweat Hassan, you have the messenger of love a
beautiful sadhana, a beautiful example.
Whatever he gives you take it whatever he gives you.
He revealed this vicar in order for you to explain it
we also have an example of what's known as non Quranic ye referenced
in the Quran.
So Allah Subhana Allah says, for that matter, to be he was how to
hold lot more AD AD are worth about one out of the handout. And
so one of the wives of the Prophet sallallahu Sallam hoped to conceal
something from the Prophet sodomized. Right? So Allah
subhanho wa sallam told the prophet what was happening. So she
told the prophet as well. And it says the Prophet affirmed part of
what she said and repudiated part of what she said or rejected. Part
of what she said. And she said
The Prophet min and back at that who told you this? Karla tiny an
ad he will have you?
He told me the one who has omniscience and the one who knows
the Unseen. So what was the actual thing? What was the wording which
Allah told the profit isn't mentioned in the form?
So we know that the promises seven is receiving wacky from Allah so
kind of what's Adam that is not recited in the Quran
because the specifics of what was said or not there, also at The
Mirage at the ascension,
Whoa ha, ha email we revealed to the Prophet, whatever we wish to
reveal.
So, the end of Bufferapp was given to the prophet but many other
things were given to him for walking that we don't know about.
For example, even Massoud also mentions the promise of Jannah for
the Ummah, the promises of the Pratyusha Okay, we have to start
working on
the form the style and the themes of the Quran.
And then Shabazz begin r&d
recompilation of the world
so that the smallest division of the Quranic text is called an IR.
IR means literally assign 6236 is in the Quran.
For that firm makes a comment here that the verse is not appropriate,
since the facade is not poetry, for lack of a better term, the
diversion as a verse,
so that's okay. But many of you might prefer not to call it a
verse because verse in Arabic is bait bait up yet in the Quran. And
the Quran isn't poetry. Well, Matt, I love that we share our
Medela
Quran. expressively is explicitly
repudiates itself as being poetry. It's not poetry. Right? And we'll
talk about
what the Quran actually is. It's a form of Arabic prose. So there's
two literary genres that are prevalent at the time of the
prophets of Allah. The second one is called NASA, NASA Nosara NASA,
which is prose. That's what the Quran is. And there's different
types of prose, more sun straight prose, such as writing prose.
prose is non electrical. We'll talk about that later. And then
there's something called shear, which is poetry. What goes on
poetry? So the poet has licensed the myth make the shot out, right?
He doesn't have to stay true to history, you can invent stories to
teach a true lesson. The airbrush is important, put on is not
mythmaking. The stories in the Quran are true. You know, the
flooded the Exodus, right, the story of Adam and Eve. We believe
these stories are true in the process of how these stories are
true. The poetry and events stories to teach a lesson. The
poet also has licence to break rules of grammar. For the sake of
the rhyme, think about Coffea. So one of the greatest poets of
pre Islamic Arabia who actually became Muslim Libya, he said I put
a shade of blue shade Mahala above people.
So it shouldn't be Barcelone you should have full autonomy in at
the end, but it's about you for the sake of the ride. That's okay.
He's a poet he can do that. For on does not break any rules of
grammar consistent within itself grammatically, we'll talk more
about that. And we talked about the teddy bear put on issues, a
tad deep had the means a challenge.
And it's open challenge and objective challenge not
subjective. When most Muslims are asked, what is the challenge of
the plotline, they say well, if you produce one surah like the
Quran, say well, what does that mean? What sort of like something
is beautiful? That's so that's not the challenge. It's very
subjective. You know, you can read Arabic poetry, that's very
beautiful. That's not the challenge of the Quran. The
challenges of Quran is objective. We'll talk more about that in
Shama.
So 6236 ayat,
we'll call them versus for lack of a better term.
And then there's 114 sewer. So means, like fence Shura.
Or fossils in the Bible are called fossils. But I'll call them Sora.
The shortest is three iPads. 108. sorta, just sort of 108 co photos
three if it's the shortest, the longest surah is 286 I
that sort of thing. But
what's also noteworthy is the term ayat and Surah. In the Quran
itself tilaka IR two keytab and OB are in quantum theory b minus
Zelina
to be Surah three, what's the ratio of what's the ratio?
So these terms are in the Quran. The term Quran is at the Quran, a
rough man Allah man, Quran, Allah Collins.
So these these terms are Quranic.
All of the surah is all of the swab. The plural of Surah is to
begin with the Bessemer that Bismillah R Rahman r Rahim, except
Surah, October surah. Number nine. And there's two reasons for this
according to the arena, a lot more and there is an opinion that's one
of the Toba is actually a continuation of the previous surah
and five, that is really 113. So those are the four. Because if you
look at the first few sewa, they're extremely long, right?
This is how books were pretty much arranged. In the pre modern world,
longest to shortest, like the Bible is like that longest books
to the shortest. The teller mode is like that, to refer to 86, I
think around 200, at least 176 and 120 and 165, an hour off 200. Then
you have added file, only 75 and then Toba 129. So it's an opinion
that these are actually the same Surah which would make 204 ayat,
because they're the theme is the same. And five is the major theme
of spoils of war. And so that's a Toba, us dealing with rules of
engagement in war. That's one opinion not a very popular and
more popular opinion is that so that a topo backstep estimate that
because ALLAH SubhanA, WA Tada and this surah
he means business as a
sort of Toba. If all you had at the Colorado soda Tober then you'd
have a very strange perception of the message of this month, sort of
the top is dealing with rules of engagement, how to deal with
piano, for example, treachery against the Muslim polity. Right.
So there's no investment Allah
to Allah Subhan Allah Allah wants to stress His majestic qualities
is His qualities of, of Gregor. below it.
The names of the sorrows are often derived from important or
distinguishing
characteristics or themes within the Surah So sort of above is
called a dakara.
Because the story is that scientists and I've ordered the
bunny to survive slaughter to pop up.
And then instead of immediately obeying Allah subhana wa Tada,
they began asking a series of questions, and how old what color
what what is above?
You know, all these different types of questions. So they Abra
is to submit to Allah subhana wa Tada. And this is important
because complete faith entails total submission.
Right? Even if it seems like it's something that's beyond our
intellect, something super rational, not irrational. You
don't have to believe in anything irrational, anything that can be
falsified. You don't have to believe in that. But when Allah
subhanho wa Taala tells us to kinda the SMB FTE, that he took
his servant on a journey by night, for Mr. Tom to Opsahl. We don't
sit there trying to rationalize it. Well, maybe there was some
work in the space time continuum or something like that. Although
Adam, maybe there's some rational explanation for it. But so now
we'll talk that we hear it we obey is a super rational transmission
that's given in in text scripture.
Right? So it the arm in arm and kaboodle need to be there as part
of faith, either either in Arabic means submissiveness and the Cabal
means to accept in the iron and copper wood. So this is why
shaytaan is a Katha che times certainly knows that the prophets
of Allah He said, No, is a messenger of God. He certainly
knows that. Even Kathy had mentioned that when the Prophet
sallallaahu Salam was born, Shere Khan started screaming, why is he
screaming? Because he knows that the prophets of Allah He said that
is the messenger of God. He's accepted the rational
propositions, the prophets of Allah, He said them as a messenger
of God, but he's not a Muslim, because he doesn't have gedaan and
the baboon of the prophets of Allah, this is a difference.
Heraclius the emperor of Byzantium, he interrogated others
with Iago hub, and Heraclius was sort of a freelance vehicle
Spoiler, if you will, was Amber presented, so he said that I was
gonna describe him to me as if you had described him. And then
Heraclius says to him, you know, he's a prophet.
You know, he's a prophet, so you should follow him. And he says,
soon my dominion will be underneath his feet. This is what
correctly is said to us, but or at least not become Muslim. Because
not in the art and not abroad. You didn't go to Medina and seek out
the process. They are to the palaces begin following the Sharia
being into implementing the Sunnah, none of these things
happen. Right? So complete faith entails submissiveness and
acceptance. Allah says in the Quran, Salah what a big lie you in
order to evoke a famous Shatila from Allah Allah God and forcing
him paradigm Midmark or date, or you certainly will Taslima by your
Lord, they don't really believe unless they make you a judge in
all of their affairs. And they find no resistance in their hearts
against your judgments. And they have total Tasneem to you, total
Tasneem.
So this is part and parcel of a safe, so buffer. You know, some
people why is it called the heifer the cow. The lesson there is total
submission for all of us.
And they have some sources have multiple names. So let's let's
last according to follow Tina Razi has 22 names. Sometimes it's just
called blah, blah, blah, the prophets of Eliza and referred to
it as
he's is all tied into the final Quran. The Surah has the weight of
a third of the Quran. But it's also called, according to the
Sahaba, and the tab here in Surah, as a SAS Surah to assess
assessments, the foundation
and the foundation of theology. It's also called sort of a lot if
loss of sincerity. It's also got sort of Toba heed the surah of
monotheism or oneness. These are just some of the names of the
sutra. And then you have the Jews. And the
plural is as an example.
This is 1/30 of the Quran. One part one out of three parts of the
Quran is called the Jews. So the Quran is divided into 30 equal
parts. This is post of Manik after the time of say Northman and this
was done for Ramadan recitation that it's traditional to read a
little over one juice and it takes about an hour. And then we have a
min Xin Manziel is one
seven of the Quran.
Also a post of manic division. So choose in Mansilla not mentioned
in the Quran, but I am Sula are mentioned to seven parts of
approximately equal length. So each month contains about four
edges.
And these are sort of divisions that the early scholars
develop in order to facilitate hence, basically
the language of the Quran is Arabic, obviously, may not be so
obvious for some Western scholars who claim that the Quran is in
Syriac, very strange, sort of radical revisionist opinion.
There's a German scholar named Chris coffin Luxenberg. And that's
a pseudo name pseudonym. And it's not his actual name because he's
afraid like Muslims are gonna kill him or something. But
his claim is that and no one takes him seriously. But he is his claim
support on is written in Syriac is a Syriac text written in Arabic
letters that nobody takes his
opinion seriously. As I said, even someone like Patricia crone who
believes the text of the Quran is totally unreliable. She doesn't
take Luxenberg seriously at all.
The Quran describes itself as being Beaubien. So mobian does not
mean that the Quran does not contain foreign words. It does
contain foreign words, sometimes anti Muslim promises, they'll say,
well being means, you know, pure unadulterated Arabic. That's not
what lean means.
What's interesting is, you have these satellite
stations, and you have these Persian channels. And some of
these Iranian guys are totally anti Muslim. And one of them
actually, and he talks about politics. One of them has a rule
if you call my show, you can't use any Arabic. Right? He doesn't like
Arabic, so if you call any say, so I might as well go hand up on you
have to say doodle buckshaw
And then he'll say some no Arabic, Arabic then he starts talking. You
know, he's like tentativa mod that even doing young
everything he's saying is Arabic and doesn't know is Arabic, half
of what he said he's Arabic.
Anyway. So
what does mobi mean? I'll be on well being it means Arabic, which
reveals clear truth. well being is from a banner up to form four, in
order to make something clear, this is Arabic that that
demystifies things that makes it clear doesn't mean that it's pure
Arabic. And there's no foreign words. That's impossible for any
language as a living, breathing language to stay pure. Right? If
you go into the English dictionary, into the Webster's
Collegiate Dictionary, the Oxford English Dictionary, you'll be
amazed what you find in these dictionaries. You'll find the word
alcohol, which is Arabic, you'll find algebra, you'll find the
jihad you'll find fatwa. These are English words, you don't have to
italicize the academic papers. If you write the word fatwa, you can
leave it on italicized, because it's an English word. And there's
an assumption that the reader knows what it means. Right?
Oftentimes, they don't know what it means. They think it means like
a death sentence or something. It just means a legal ruling. Most
part was had to do with food. Can I eat gelatin?
You see?
So the Quran contains and this is, you know, Mama Tabari Bappi Danny
Imam. So ut read wrote a short treatise called and what what
really research there are 118 expressions in the Quran that
contain foreign words.
And that these words were used by the Arabs prior to the Quranic
revelation when the monks fer
for example, there's six different languages in the Quran. The Quran
borrows from six or seven different languages. So the word
in G for example, in G is a Greek word. Its era besides the Arabs
reusing it so it's Arabic. If you study the Agile Romea and canal,
what law school Morocco will refer to below it is the beginning of
the Agile Romea the very famous treatise on grammar speeches.
Otter is compounded.
Its will feed it's useful it has meaning and it is it is used by
the Arabs going whether he is placed by an Arab placement. The
Arabs are using it and it's recognized. Arabs are using the
word ng right? It comes from Iwan Gilliam, Greek word in Arabic. The
word of SAP is Turkish. In the Hamina LaSalle Cole says in the
Quran surah another Lhasa, Turkish, the word good reunion,
Dory, your co cabin debris you know, durian is Ethiopic another
Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia, Russia.
Coca the word before Coca Cola cough is Hebrew
and then CIT G is Persian CIT G Ptolemy MBA jollity. Vincent de
Sango girl send Gogan became sick G is not there's no G there's no
go right in Arabic unless you live in Egypt.
Then there's a there's a gut right? People like to watch the
show gala
Gala. Anyway, sorry.
There's a common
domain you mean sort of Jimmy is Arabic Egyptian manager. Right but
Sango get became sick Jean. Like a stone made of mud.
Right.
And then other there's Hebrew words a lot of you've seen me Musa
newer Ibrahim there Syriac. Syriac is a language of a silence. The
worker tool tool what tool Mountain is is similar Surya Nia.
So you have these different languages. You have these
different words in the Quran
that either etymology or foreign, but since the air for using them,
they're considered to be Arabic.
Okay.
Let's talk about the themes of the Quran. According to Mahmoud Abbas,
Ali, and others, and Bukhari and many others. There are about seven
different
thematic types of AI out in the Koran. Every I have the plug on
falls into one of these types, one of these thematic types
The first is called cost us, us us means narrative.
US US
means a story.
So for example, the niche
A video of a sideways wave piloted by Danica to Yama Young. In Nova
Yuba, she'll be telling me who is smoking Mercia write a story of
the past. So the flood of the Exodus, the Sabbath calf, the
Seven Sleepers of Ephesus. These are archosaurs. These are all
narrative. Also references to events in the life of the prophets
of Allah. It's
like the Battle of hunger. Later this surah when Mirage the Treaty
of Bolivia, this often falls under the thematic category of Casa de
sus
narrative.
And then you have
another type of ion, which is called trichome. Trouble, the
plural is.
So this deals with a sort of some sort of legal ruling for judgment.
Right.
So you have
bad Enya, you have rulings that deal with the body.
So, like I add that deal with fasting or ablutions
or penal punishments
for Saudi who was sorry for the Terrible idea of what to do with
the thief either pulled me last fall to see what you have over
eight year formula often, when you stand the prey, wash your fake
face, wash your hands to the the elbows, right, so these are called
Bad idea. So these fall under the category of backup.
So again, there's seven thematic categories of it. The first is
called Narrative. Now we have an account, within an account, there
are different categories, combat anemia, then you have
Colombia or Gu leukemia, so rulings or imperatives or
injunctions that deal with ethics or spirituality. For example, here
at the zoo, we're up crapola TBWA. B, just it is the closest thing to
piety be just.
And there's many types of these types of ayat or in Surah Surah. I
have 32 want to touch on it was Zina in the who can affect a
shutdown was that as a biller? Don't even come close to Zina.
Right, notice the wording when a tough call Abu Connie don't even
come close to fornication. So the Quran doesn't say don't force it.
It says don't even put yourself in a position where that that can
actually be possible.
Right? So like, you're not allowed to be in a room with a non Muslim.
That's, that's locked, or that's closed recipes have a fear of,
of being discovered. Right? So most most incidents of Zina in our
culture, American culture that originate in the workplace, you
know, a man and a woman go out to lunch, hey, it's just much what's
the problem, right? No big deal to go and they talk and they get to
know each other, or going on going out to the movies with my friend's
wife. What? What are you talking about? Yeah, you know, he's out of
town. I'm going to take you out to the movies. What?
And when we when we questioned these things, they think we're so
strange. They think we're weird. I mean, you don't do that. I don't
even shake hands with a non Mullah. What do you think if
that's okay if they think you're strange, the Prophet saw about his
enemies in Edina buddy been for say a row to come up but the Alpha
tuba in
this religion began strange, it will return to strange glad
tidings to the strangers.
Glad tidings. Every week, they would come to my cubicle. When I
worked in the corporate world. They say, hey, Holly, are you
going to happy hour happy hours when they go out and get drunk on
Friday afternoon?
Every week, I said, No, I don't. I don't drink. Wow, that's strange.
Just come and listen, just come and be with us.
I don't feel comfortable.
You're strange.
That's strange. You're You're extremist.
You don't drink alcohol is extremely nowadays, like praying
five times a day. For a lot of parents is extreme. Like,
a youth wants to pray for all that, you know, don't you're going
to become one die. God knows. I'm just praying. No, that's too
extreme. Do we get your degree first degree? I have to get my
degree to pray five times a day.
This is what I hear from people. My mom will let me break she wants
me to get my degree first.
I see your parents have a good intention. Obviously. You know,
they're very concerned about
you know, you
We're sort of going down the wrong path, but praying is the right
path. Obviously, praying is right.
That's okay.
Okay.
And then you have
that deal with a bad
idea.
Things dealing with the prayer, right.
And then ACA by the,
you know legal injunctions dealing with what to do with wealth.
So that's the second fee amount of categories,
rulings. And of course he also have do's and don'ts. These fall
under the category of the ACA restrictions and prescriptions a
prescription is you have to do this, a prescription is do not do
this.
And people think the entire Quran is a book of do's and don'ts, less
than 600 ayat out of 6200 do deal with do's and don'ts.
And most of those 600 are actually commentaries on the do's and
don'ts. Just a few dozen I added the Quran deals with deal with
do's and don'ts.
The Koran is not a purely de ontological book do and don't
that's not that's not what it is. By far
the most prevalent theme of the Quran is a sauce is a narrative
story is repeated over and over again. The loss of time to Allah
wants us to think about these stories and to draw out lessons
and how to make them relevant for our times.
And then,
the third theme is Rubia a theological type versus group will
be
alright, so actually, as last that entire Shura would fall under the
category that the amount of category of homophobia. So I added
a deal with the that the essence, the C fat, the qualities,
attributes and actions of Allah subhanho wa taala.
And then the fourth type of iron is called profit illogical, never
we never we, for example, salted Aqsa by a number six and maybe you
Allah.
The Prophet takes precedence for the believers than their own
selves.
And you might have one idea that contains three or four of these
elements. But every I at least can fall into one of these categories,
at least one of these categories according to the manifest
then you have number five is called promise what I did and
number six is called worried threat promise and threat.
What and worried promise and threat so oftentimes no Quran you
have what's known as T bout, T bap, which is a juxtaposition of
ideas. You have a promise of Jannah and immediately you have a
threat of the novel. Right?
There's a story of probably a cinema Sahaba or Frank behind him,
and they saw him during the prayer, lean in and put his hand
up
during the prayer and then suddenly withdraw his hand. So he
asked him after about that and he said you know, I was reciting I am
describing Jana.
Right. And I was certainly given a vision of some of the low hanging
fruits of Jenna reached my hand up and then the Quran has to back so
you keep reading suddenly there's a threat of knock of the fire. So
you got to those Ayat II had a vision of a fire when he went
through
why then worried promise and threat in our in our current
telephone.
In indeed you have given you Kofa This is a whack your province.
Wide Allah He hot woman Nesta open Allah. Allah subhanho wa Taala
when he makes a promise, he says himself, he will never break his
promise quite open on the believers will gain salvation.
This is a promise and Allah will never break his promise.
Hey, Why eat as a threat? Allah subhana wa Tada says in Surah Toba
is 24, we talked about the nature of Surah Toba and if any of these
material things are much more beloved to you, when he mentions
like your wealth and your houses and your possessions, any of these
are families any of these things by the lake or mineral lobby, what
are some of the what you had in feasibility for to not pursue
habitat yet the Allah will be humbling. Any of those things are
more beloved to you, than Allah is messenger and struggling in the
Cause of Allah, which as a martial aspect, as well as an internal
aspect, then just wait until a lot
reads about this decision.
In other words, we don't want to wait. This is a threat from Allah,
Allah issues of threat, we should take it seriously. If a human
being calls your house issues you a threat, you're not going to
sleep all night, you're going to call the cops you're going to move
out, you're going to take it seriously. So ALLAH SubhanA wa
Tada threatens, we take a series.
However, we know from our theology, that Allah subhana wa
God is so merciful, that he may forego a threat. And this is
something that is
in the theology is on the watch of the market see that the
rationalists they they claim that every single threat that Allah
makes, he must carry out.
Right. So the problem with that type of theology is that they're
circumscribing or they're limiting a loss, volition, an agency and
mercy. If Allah breaks the threat,
that's a demonstration of His mercy. breaking a promise is
Fianna
breaking a promise is considered treachery.
I talked about this last time,
I'd love to soars in Australia.
Similar setup.
So for example, if there's if there's a team, who has a who's
who's made a law in his land, that if you kill any of the sheep of my
kingdom, I'll hand you. Right. So they caught this little boy
killing sheet, so they bring him to the king. Right? So the king
says, Well, you know, the law says, I have to hand you so go
hand him, right. That's the letter of the law. Or the king can say,
why are you stealing? And the kid says, Oh, my family's poor. So the
king says, okay, that's okay. You take some more sheep.
Right? So that's a function of the kings mercy. So Allah subhanho wa
Taala can forego a threat. He can forego a threat. But we don't lean
on that assurance. There's no assurance Allah will do that for
any of us. It's Moonkin it's, it's just conceivable a law could do
that. Right? That's why we have to be between hope and fear. The
prophets of the Lord he certainly said were the two sandals of hope
and fear.
Right so hope it's called the Raja Raja.
Raja means hope with work. It doesn't mean just fear without
work of hope without work. That's called a madman. There's a hadith
Tiki Soo Min done enough Cebu? Well, I'm Isla Lima battle boat.
While it is who man at NASA Wha What's that now? I love love. The
intelligent one is the one who subdues his lower self and works
for what comes after death. The unintelligent one is the one who
puts his knifes in, in pursuance of its desires, and just has vain
hope in God.
You know, oh, I hope I don't agenda and he doesn't pray.
I hope that he told his brother one time, way back in the college
days are praying. So lots of drama, like right outside with his
brother was and he's Muslim. So you want to pray with us? And he
said, In the love of
God is he's merciful and forgiving. We said, Yeah, that's
true.
That's true. He's merciful and forgiving. Right? It's like wasn't
when shaytaan came to me sideways, and said that he bla bla bla, and
then the Saudis and upset and that's true, but I'm not going to
repeat it because you told me to send
the true statement.
So I said, you know, Nala has shaadi.com.
So he already said, Allah is also severe in retribution.
So, you know, two men and now is just, you know, like someone who's
sitting in his mother's basement at 40 years old.
And his mom says, go get a job. If it happens, it happens. Man, I
hope I can become a doctor one day, we just play video games,
wearing flip flops eating Cheetos.
So Raja Raja means to have hope, coupled with strong effort. This
is called the Raja. And there's tau FIP. And that to men that is
to have hope of No, no effort, and there's no trophy is for
sacredness.
So, be between hope and fear, hope. So not too much hope. Right?
That you start to become arrogant.
Right? And then you start becoming lacks on your habit. Like some
Christians, you know, they say I have assurance of paradise. I'm
assured paradise. Many Christians have said to me, do you have
assurance of paradise and Islam? And I said no.
profits of the license and then pardon me that in the lobby
sipping tequila Jana, whoever says la isla in Nova with sincerity
will enter paradise. So in sha Allah I am that person who will
say let me back up with sip. And he said no, that's not good
enough. Do you have a personal assurance personal? You mean you
know is there a hadith where the prophet says it ha ha able to get
hold of Jana? I don't have such personal assurance. Personal
assurance is dangerous. Because it makes one lazy. If you're assured
paradise, you know, 100% that's going to happen, then you start
becoming lacks on your own. That's a problem. Then you have the other
extreme
or people that are full of fear.
Right, so they get into a state of pollute. Polluted means despair.
Like what's the point? You don't have dirty enough so how can God
even forgive me? This type of mentality that tough and not to
do never, never despair, a God's mercy? You have to be between the
two.
And nowadays, you're in a messy lean a little bit on the side of
hope. A little more. Oh, nowadays, because there's so much doom and
gloom and you know, fire and brimstone
Okay, so why don't why eat. And then the last thematic category is
called my dad or the hereafter,
the hereafter. So any eye of the Quran will fall into at least one
of these seven categories of causes of narrative sort of
narrative of judgment or ruling, a theology of profit otology promise
threat, and my god hereafter.
So if you look at us, just under the last Jews, the central theme
of the last Jews is my
right because Allah subhanaw taala is training Muslims. Allah
subhanaw taala didn't begin by revealing all these.
Right? Those came in Medina, actually, you could be the town
drunk in Mecca and be Muslim.
And there's nothing wrong with bringing up
after the Battle of buttons, some of the Sahaba they had a party and
they got drunk, as mentioned and zero, because there was no
prohibition of alcohol at the time.
So these things came later. So when we're into implementing the
religion, we have to keep these things in mind.
We don't suddenly, you know, expect people to adopt all of
these can and so now they should be encouraged. Right? But I've
seen people become Muslim and then leave the religion shortly
thereafter. Because they find it burdensome. It's not burdensome,
but it has to be taken in dosages. So our mother Ayesha, she said, If
you no prohibition meeting, not not allowed to drink alcohol was
revealed. Initially and very few people that become Muslim, there's
a statement attributed to her along those lines.
So we have my ad.
And then the final verse of the Quran revealed in quarantine also
UT is the Bacala 281 This is the final verse of the Quran.
It's not audiomack medulla Campina
that's not the final item that was really catches on WhatsApp. Many I
have they came after some of their MSA there are no acount that came
after this is the final verse. Any absolute final is surah number two
verse 281. What tupple young men to the gentleman that eat to the
general feed below fear the day that you will return you will be
returned to Allah.
So the Quran comes full circle, not to not
Okay
any questions so far? Before we talk? Yes, sir.
In terms of when
the Quran and even from the translations are simply like
difference in athletes in terms of sorry, and makes it easy in terms
of who can interpret the Quran and how does a relationship being
clarify like, what are the main differences between the two? Or if
they're even? Like, yeah, the two, the traditional definition of a
Sunday Muslim is someone who follows the four schools of
thought one of the one of the format that
although
most of them, I would say that there is allowance for mixing that
as well.
And then also following one of the two
Do schools of classical theology, which are actually matched with Ed
and so include the athletic or the early half of the school as well
as the monitor how the screen is fit. Right? It's non speculative,
it's very ecumenical. The differences between me and my pod
the, the aroma of admission, what your bow, we'll say, are
negligible, but not they're not major.
So you know what to do with,
really the really the difference, one of the major differences, and
it's, again, not a major difference, one of the noteworthy
differences is the role of the intellect.
So for the body, the intellect really has to be aided by
revelation, to arrive at the true theology
for the idea, in other words, the intellect left by itself will not
arrive until he, it must be aided by revelation. But as a matter of
me will say it is it is possible.
It's possible for the intellectual hypertrophy without revelation.
Right? But parents and society will compromise the fitter
compromise, the ATO has a hadith that says gurumayi mo Luden, you
will have to add for every child is born upon a pure state and an
innate disposition to accept the message of the province.
parents and society make that child a Jew, Christian,
Zoroastrian, an atheist.
And then with the
shadow there, there tends to be more
tendency to make sure that we have I have some interpretation of it
that that are with the shabby hat.
I add that we're not clear in meaning. Right, so a little more
speculative.
That's sort of the
critique from the Hanabi enough, or the Fit above the hash of it.
It's too speculative. Of course, Mr. Tesla theology is way too
speculative and aside, even consider
a permissible position theologically, but some of the I
believe that it was
it was necessary to engage in elements of
speculative theology or Political Theology. Because you have these
other groups, you know, saying these very strange things about
the Quran.
For example, you have a lot of folks at the hand of God, what is
that some groups that means a physical hand made of matter,
allows located space is sitting on the physical throne. So I used to
have to clarify what that means. Yeah, the law means the power of
God
according to those who may lead, right, so this is called to be
more law.
Yes, so my non Arabic name is Ronnie Musa ng Surah populous in
Arabic language because slightly paganistic society. So why would
the boring these words from
Yeah, by and large, the the Arabs have backup or pushing. But there
seems to have been some influence from that Nikita. And nowadays,
scholars would say that there was probably more influence than we
previously thought. In the Quran.
It's interested in getting Meccans sawed off the machine, there's an
ayah that says if the wish of the king came to the prophecy, seven,
and they said to him, you know, why don't you receive a revelation
like Moses did? This is coming from pagan eras. So there's some
familiarity amongst the Quraysh, we should be keen to forage as to
the nature of prophecy. And of course, you'd have different if
you had a group of arrows in Mecca, pre Islamic Arabia, in
Mecca, that did not engage in ship, because they claim to be in
the tradition of people.
The very conscious of their Abrahamic heritage, right.
So, obviously, there are Arab Christians that don't necessarily
live in Mecca, but live in the south and north that pass through
Mecca. You have Jewish tribes living in the north and favor the
effort
in other places that would pass to Mecca as well.
So these names were established amongst them at the time, the
Arabs and the Arabian Peninsula. It's interesting, they didn't use
Musa for Isa, you know, Arabs and other. Like maybe in Iraq, we're
using your su Ah, but aerzen in Mecca, we're using ASA. So that's
what the Quran uses. That was the one that was revealed in the
dialect with the 14
It
was revealed in a dialect and politics and we'll talk about this
more. We talked about the seventh national honor society as well.
It's so heavy that says this hadith in Bukhari 10 companions
related to anti fraud was revealed on seven letters. What are these
letters? He's out of? One opinion is these are, these are seven
different dialects of Arabic,
Qureshi and who they really are. And you know the sucky fee and
others. The dominant opinion is that no, they're not seven
dialects of Quran as revealed in the Qureshi dialect. But there are
seven types of variations of the test.
seven types of variations of the test. So one type of variation is
variations of the skeletal thoughts.
You have you have a reading, where you are going to allow the teacher
is another book in another era, we'll do it we'll work it out, we
will teach it to you and new both are multiple tests to us.
So this is a function of the attributes. Or you have variations
in diacritical Viola notations
for example.
And we'll get into this later I sort of went on a tangent but the
first one we'll do
one several beautiful single what are julabo
means and wipe your heads and wash your feet to the ankles. Because
our jury Laquan Fatah means it's monsoon it's accusative. So it's
not referring to the closest verb which means why you have to go to
the next closest verb, which which is called Salah to wash, however,
does another reading of this ayah What it says arbitrary li comb,
genitive customer, which data goes back to the wife, and Sundays they
take from these all these Quran. Right? Because seven or some take
10 that I had to the form. So the general rule is to wash to the
ankle. But if you're wearing socks that are above the ankle, then
there's dispensation to wipe over the whole of the sheet. They only
take the genitive reading, so they'll wipe over the barefoot.
This is really the issue with praying behind them. There are
some differences in Arpita they believe in 12, infallible Imams.
And that is not Sharia. Right?
We believe that those imams are great, but Esma is only for an MBR
so it's a mistaken belief, but it doesn't give coup for the main
issue is they don't wash their feet to the ankles.
So there's a problem Shara with their prayer.
That's why the MSC bucklew Chaffee man Nakuru tansy had to pray
behind issue not necessarily for a theological reason, although some
of the random I also mentioned
that, you know, there are opinions of certain Sahaba do give call
for.
For example, anyone who maintains the effort about Pasha
right?
And if you read their books, some of them actually maintain that
unfortunate
so that's going against Delhi of Qatar, he was fine with the
analysis. You know, he says, you read them below and taro Dooley
Knisley, he had that input to Papini. Allah exhorts you never
ever to say anything remotely close to this about Azure ever
again, if you are believers.
So some other bring them up. Unfortunately, they maintain the
disk. I don't know how they deal with that either, to be honest
with you,
but something like that is clearly cool for
you.
Yes, you mentioned that language to
speech and language is not existing anymore. Yes, considered
a dead language.
There are some remote villages and chat to this day where they speak
the language,
you know, day to day.
But other than that, and then the Church of the East, there's a
church in Iraq called the Assyrian church, also called the Church of
the East. Their church liturgy is conducted in Syriac, but they
speak Arabic.
So they don't speak in as a spoken language. But in church or
literature, literature, church liturgy is conducted in Syria.
But basically, it's it's like Sanskrit, to dead language.
A Canadian who will read it. These are all Semitic languages that are
now dead. Nobody really speaks them anymore. Even Hebrew was a
dead language for a while. They revived it looking at Arabic.
There's a statement the moment that mentions that
In the lives of man, he says on the day of judgment that the
language of human piano is Saudi Arabia isn't Syriac the
proceedings of the human PMR in Syria a lot louder.
The language of the Saudis the language of Jana is Arabic.
And it's okay if you don't know Arabic, you should try to learn
it, but you'll you'll be initiated into the language and
we should learn.
Okay.
Any other questions?
Yeah, Syria Syriac is also called late in Aramaic.
Late Aramaic, it was a language of any size
is spoken.
Okay, let's begin talking about the transmission of a Quranic
revelation.
So the Quran has been transmitted to us in two ways, orally and in
written form.
So on page 18, of on Denver's text,
even Hashem relates to shamans, a great
historiographer, who wrote the Sierra and never we have three
volumes of the proxy server. You mentioned that, that early in the
second period.
You have
reports of Sahaba reciting Quran at the combo
the first of the Sahaba to go recite the public, and he was
beaten right move on to the fight he recited for under the top but
he was beaten. Of course, obviously so I'm gonna go he
resigned they put him in a chokehold they throw garbage on
him. Right. They also mentioned a book that has to do with recite
the Quran at his house, and then we should again, and some of them
used to come and hide behind his fence just to listen.
Right? So the Quran is very sweet. If you know Arabic. Well, it's
mesmerizing. So you have an elbow Soufiane and others would come.
And it must have been very awkward moment when they go there. And
there's other she came there. And what are you doing?
What are you doing? I'm just relaxing. And I'm listening to
actually listening to Abu Bakr Syndics recitation.
So the argument is that why don't they just become Muslim that
the reason is because, you know, it's beyond aesthetics. It's not
just this is so beautiful, I should become Muslim. That's the
mistake Muslims make when they deal with that, to have the, as we
said, the challenge in the Koran is not just make something as
beautiful as the Quran. The reason why these people didn't become
Muslim, Abu Sufian did because but not until later. But every child
ever became Muslim.
Is because the Quran is calling towards a morality that's coming
into conflict with their own knifes. So that's first and
foremost with the Quran is doing
right.
So it doesn't matter how beautiful it is, if a person doesn't want to
change, they're not going to convert.
Okay, there's a hadith in Bukhari Hadith, who meant to either man
for
the best amongst you or those who learn the Quran and teach it
another Hadith in Muslim at a pronto project to lay out.
The plan is either a proof for you or against you. On the human
recital of the Quran is required, obviously in the five daily
prayers. Thus the Quran was constantly heard and recited and
memorized by the sahaba.
Right.
So, this is important. The Quran that we recite was recited by
Sahaba.
The New Testament that Christians read today, the Gospel of Matthew,
for example, was never seen like Besides,
the gospel of Mark was never seen that besides, gospel of John
gospel, Luke, the first Corinthians Second Corinthians,
The Book of Romans, Revelation, none of the 27 books in the New
Testament, the so called ng were ever even seen by pyside. So
they're written after his life. Right? But the format we recite
today was recited by Sahaba and the prophets of Isaiah, we
actually know which sewer you would recite at specific prayers.
Our mother Aisha said that the prophecy center would pray the two
sunnah before the fall of so in the morning, you would recite on
caffeine on the first rock and floss in a second. It was very
he was very
stalwart consistent in doing that.
For for suiting up for so you can have some some consistency, but
for 40 Should you prefer markers you shouldn't designate me I'm
going to recite this in every form. It's my proven to Hanafi
school, although there is a report that the province has certainly
put them in
In charge of Muslims who go out for an expedition, this man with
every rock out with respect that lasts, even when he would recite
another Surah, he would he would do a class after. So they complain
to the promises. And so he's always reciting the class every
last class. So promise I said and he said Imani recite the surah.
Have you ever?
And he said, No. He said, ask him why he does that. Ask him why he
does that. So he asked, Why do you do that? And he says, I just love
how allies is describing this tour. So they came back and he
said, his answer was, he loves how Allah is describing the sauna. And
then the Prophet said, tell him Allah loves.
So, a philosopher waiting
and then like so
and so lots of Juma. So, there was some consistency with a lot of
Juma
Allah, and then
last year in the second ad set and an add, so we know which, which,
in an ad fajr prayer, the follow up, he would, he would recite
longer if
the longer prayer, and most of it was shorter if they know this from
the Hadith literature. So it's extraordinary that we know this.
So the Sahaba were constantly hearing and reciting and
memorizing the Quran.
Now,
you know, this was an oral culture, an oral culture, it was
word auditory. It was something that a human so most people were
illiterate, they didn't know how to, they didn't know how to read
or write. Fact most pre modern cultures were oral.
Even
in Athens, the fifth century before the Common Era, the time of
Socrates and Aristotle and Plato 90% of the general populace, did
not know how to read or write perfect, Socrates himself was
illiterate. That's why he never wrote anything. Everything we know
about Socrates is through Plato.
Right, so this was normal.
Everything was oral. So Arabs actually excelled at poetry, and a
memorization. This is something they excelled at, it was the
height of their language, the time the Quranic revelation, it was the
height of Arabic and the excelled in an F and memorization. So it's
almost as if Allah subhanaw taala is preparing them for the Quran
and the Sunnah. They would memorize their lineage back to
equal to Imani, so they would memorize their horses, lineages of
horses, this horse of the sign so and so on and so on. So, all the
way back generations for horses.
This was something that was very important for that.
So that's kind of what kind of facilitated the preservation of
the Sunnah in the Quran.
By giving it primarily first and foremost to the error.
There are still oral cultures in the world. One of my colleagues
went to Mauritania, West Africa, and he was 18 at the time, and he
said that the children were laughing at him, because he was
not a half as a moron, and he was so old.
So what did you do with your life? You're 18 and not offensive
to the world culture, memorization was something of value there
people have the entire Arabic dictionary the competence and
memorize
that people have the Shemaiah number we won't get into the
memorize page numbers and everything.
So, the Muslim argument is that the order and arrangement was well
known. Order and arrangement of the Quran was well known because
of the the constant constant recitation of the Quran by the
sahaba.
So this important point to make
a proposition and also listen to the rest of the recitation of the
Quran by his companions on page 18 Amman Denford there's a hadith of
Bokhari where the prophets of Allah He said that says the
Abdullah bin Masood was known for his Quranic skills. He said Quran
Allah recite the Quran to me if unless Arun said how can I recite
it to you when it was revealed to you? And he said I love to hear it
from somebody else other than me. So even in my sort of began
reciting, so it's a nice app. And he got to verse 41.
What can you find either did not mean fully automated Misha
Shaheed, which Nabek and I have with Aisha, how will it be when
when we appoint a witness
against every people and we'll appoint you as
witness against this people and then it probably doesn't even stop
there. And even Mr looked at those tears streaming down on the
Facebook offices
so there's evidence Sahaba would recite the Quran to the
proposition
if I was also sent teachers to teach the Quran
in addition relates the Prophet saw the value seven. He said the
most are given to the people that get threatened.
Before they did Job to Medina to recite the Quran to them and to
teach them the Quran. And they call them either party at a party,
the reciter the reader,
you mom so you'll see mentioned in the con,
over 20 Well known companions who are a father of the Quran.
These include the 14 lifts in this rune, even our bass, Abu Huraira,
even hydro he mentions over 40 names, names the names though
I think
next time
will be presentation of the Quran and the money, the money codecs
and tribal sort of muscle and
so last time we started talking about the transmission of the
Quranic revelation, we said that the Quran has been transmitted in
two ways orally and in written form. We said that, obviously the
Quran is required for the five daily prayers. So the Sahaba were
constantly hearing and reciting and memorizing the Quran. This is
something unique.
As we mentioned, in contrast to the Bible, at least the New
Testament that was never seen in most of your customers, you might
end up how to use these ideas. According to a dominant opinion,
historians, certainly none of the books of the New Testament were
known to any scientist.
But we know that the province will have it so now we know exactly
what what sewak used to recite and certain prayers. So we have a lot
of reports. We also mentioned that the province of the lobbies didn't
listen to the recitation by his companions. We know that the
prophets have a lot he said them he said certain Sahaba to teach
the Quran to different tribes. He said he was odd as we said to
yesterday to the Tsar, and he recited before
we left off by saying you almost guilty in the Conte earlier Quran.
He mentioned by name over 20 Well known Sahaba, four or five of the
Quran.
So these include the 4k lifts, even miss erode even our bass will
Herrera and then women like Aisha and pops up in the seventh, and
many others even had an anatomy he mentioned over 40 Or five by name.
In reality, there were hundreds of the hundreds of 1000s of
there were also companions who wrote and collected the Koran
during the life of the prophet Sallallahu sallam. And this was
sort of their main job. So they knew half as mentioned why they
come to Java Zaidan phablet, Abu Zaid,
there was a group of companions that lived in the mosque in the
surrounding precincts of the mosque called the US House sofa.
So the people on the bench as it's sometimes translated, there's a
there's an entire chapter and Martin leaves is zero, the
prophets of the body, so called people on the bench, if you want
to read more about them.
So you'll see puts that puts the number at 900 900. Not necessarily
to all the same time, but during the 11
year mentality period, there were some 900 Sahaba, whose main job
was simply to write down the revelation, and also to write down
the Hadith of the prophets of Allah. So, initially, the Prophet
sallallaahu Salam did not get permission to write the Hadith.
He didn't want people to confuse them. Now, if you know Arabic
very, very well, it's almost you can be probably 95% accurate. When
you hear a verse of the Quran and up right Hadith, it's just
different. However, the Prophet saw how he saw them wanted to be
extra cautious. So later in the metody period, he did give
permission to certain Sahaba to write the hadith is Hadith. One of
them was Abdullah did not want to happen that boss who wrote
something called a Sufi first saw the cup we collected from the
Hadith of the Prophet, Salah.
And Abdullah, Mohammed given that awesome and he said to the Prophet
salallahu Salam, he said, Shall I write down from you when you're
angry? What if you say something and you're angry? Should I write
it down? And the Prophet saw a license as well in the bath and
maybe half life would you be
the one who said the same thing in truth, nothing comes out of my
mouth except the truth.
And then he said, I joke, but I always speak the truth. Right?
Probably Soleimani someone had a sense of humor, that the
personality of the Prophet saw it. So that was that
very easy going. Right? legging with Jacob Janus, and he was very
very easygoing person, that it wouldn't be shut off. He was
always, he always seemed like he was happy. And also usually calls
him the hack the smiling prophet. Right. So easygoing disposition,
you know, did not even raise his voice as Aisha says, Well, that's
the common Phyllis walk even in the marketplaces, just easygoing,
you know, some people you who are in authority, you have to sort of
walk on eggshells, you want to set them off, they might do something
crazy. The Sahaba never they have fear of them. So, of course, and
they were very
careful around him. But the Prophet sallallaahu Salam was not
you didn't have that type of personality, where you had to walk
on eggshells. It wasn't a loose cannon or anything like that. He
was, he was very humble person.
Okay, there are 10s of 1000s of Sahaba. And there's about
120 425,000 Sahaba. Some of the Reynolds renovated they they don't
insist on that number. But they said that's around the number of
Sahaba 125,000, which is about the same as a number of NBF. According
to the Heidi, again, we don't insist on that number. There were
313 Sahaba. And according to the Hadith 313 or so more Sunni, or
Rusu, right? There's four Archangels. There's four put us
out Rashidi. Although mama cod in his book Halakhot protocol Rashi,
Mosley had a book on the history of the Rightly Guided caliphs. He
includes Imam Hassan is the fifth. Fifth, Caleb was technically he
was Caitlyn, for six months when he abdicated to Malawi.
And there's a happiness as you rightly guided, Caleb caliphate
will last for 30 years.
So
let's say in a while he was martyred, it was 29 years, six
months. And Hassan was was the caterer for six months.
Okay.
So, the recitation of the Quran, because so many Sahaba recited it,
not just in Medina, you know, they were Arabs, there were Bedouin
that did not live in Medina, but they were Muslim, there was a
harbor, they lived on the outskirts, the the recitation of
the Quran is tomahto, with multiple attested. So this word
toward toward an Arabic means multiple active station. So
something that's too auto, like the form honest, we have to
believe in that report, it's part of our Arpita to believe in
reports that are taught to multiply attested is just too big
of an event for it to have been a lie. You know,
so there's Hadith of the Prophet Soleimani. So
there's about 1000 of them, according in the whole definition
of the law. So that's also, you know, up to much speculation.
So early might have different interpretations of what
constitutes multiple attestation but there's about 1000 or so happy
photowalk one such hadith is whoever sees me in a dream has
truly seen me, for shaytaan cannot take my form. So isn't it for me,
you have to believe in the prophets of Allah Allah. So
another example, the Prophet sallallahu Sallam he mentioned 10
men that he promised paradise.
Now he promised many many people paradise that are not on this
list. Right?
His daughter is not this was Foxy, but we know she's the master
mistress of a limited Paradise has never seen an office was so why
are these 10 Why do they bring them I insist, you would have to
believe because these 10 they they appear and traditions or reports
or multiple lots of that have to lots of multiple contested so it's
part of our our theta. So Imam, Abu Jaffa how he mentions these 10
men in the Creed in his Avenida we have to believe that
in the amount of money and adding an additional hour and
an hour side of costs, or maybe even a job off.
Saturday it was eight and one more is not coming to me. We have to
tell her in our beta that they are in paradise.
And if you notice, if you look at 10 Most of these 10 are men that
stood in front of blades and arrows.
They really actualize and the Wii U L labbing. movement in
the Prophet's life is more important to the believers in
their own lives. So probably salatu salam emphasized these
Are men of paradise so many times defended and physically?
Put, put, they put themselves on the line defending him with life
and limb to the province of a lot he said and reported, and it's
towards her that these men are therapists
within the well known story in the Sierra above the conversion of
Satan Armada. And that story is interesting because it testifies
to the fact that the Koran was being written down in the Meccan
period. So this is around 615 616. So the VFL was 610. That's when
the revelation started officers and those are 40 years old. Right.
So we're told the 60 year of the BAFTA said our model would be he
was going to dollar outcome to kill the profits of allies. And
the New Haven build up, he saw him and he said, Where are you going?
And he said, I'm going to the House of Commons to kill Mohamed.
So I'm told that he needed to buy some time for the Prophet
sallallahu Sallam to tell them that Armada is coming. So he said,
Don't you know your sister is already Muslim?
He's a black, my sister Fatima? Yes. So when he goes to Fox and
his husband or his brother in law's house, his name is Sunday.
So he goes there and you hear the Quran being recited to as a scribe
in the house and come out, because said he was illiterate. He was
reciting the Quran that he said Norma Braixen. And we know the
story of how bad he hides under some furniture or something, and
then faulting the takes the papyrus, that was that what they
were reading was the actual manuscript, that they had read the
Quran, and she put it under her gown. And then armadas Sunday,
they tussle a little bit, it kind of throws them down, Fox and Mike
comes in, strikes her and then she starts bleeding. We know the story
like he became full of remorse. And then he said, let me look at
that thing that you were reciting. So in the she tells him your
images and your your shake, you have to go wash yourself. It goes
off so he reads it and soda pop. And it's interesting to school of
thought because the province of ISIL and he said Armada is like
Musa
Ahmad is like Musa they have a sort of common temperament. And
they are they're very, just to have an idea that and sit in a
room I was so just, he had I got up in this physical body, he was
ambidextrous, you can take a pen in each hand and write equally at
the same time.
That's how much I died he had even in this physical body. So you
know, the beginning of the surah is about moves sideways,
you know, tall mountains and illegal forearm and eater shop.
And her husband ever leaves the provinces. But according to the
Meccan dialect, according to even our bass call hub also means Oh,
reader, oh, man, we did not, we did not reveal this moron for it
to be a source of distress for you to see, you know, Martha who it's
like, is there a personal message, and then we have the story of Musa
is that um, and he was reading about Musa Ascender that sounds
like this guy is Musashi. So
this is what converted, you know, this manuscript, you might
actually have it the very manuscript, the oldest manuscript
of the Quran on Earth, was recently discovered. It's called
the Birmingham manuscript.
And I've actually spoken with the scholar that founded she's
her name is Alba fidelity, what country she from, she's from
Germany, and want to say, She actually gave a lecture at UC
Berkeley had a chance to talk to her so they'd have the manuscript
but they miss identified it for years. You know, the guy you don't
remember Cadbury chocolates Cadbury creme egg, so Mr. Cadbury
he was sort of a very rich man, and he would sometimes funded
these extreme expeditions into the Middle East. So on one such
expedition, his group found these Quranic manuscripts that they took
back to England. So they they saw this manuscript and they
mislabeled it, they thought it was much later than they thought.
Recently, Dr. Fidel, he looked at the manuscript and ran tests on
it, and she discovered that
the earliest date possible for this text is 568 CEE, the latest
is 645. And that's a very big swing, by the way. 568 is before
the birth of the offices.
So I asked her, Why is this gap so large, it's not that old,
comparatively speaking, I mean, a dinosaur bones that are millions.
And she said, yeah, it is kind of a large gap. So I said, Why is it
Why is it such a large gap? And I said, is it because maybe they
want to add some controversy to it and try to say that it's a pre
Islamic Christian manuscript or something. And she has it I don't
know about that. But it is kind of a
I think
they have to add some controversy. There was another professor that
was there, who was almost falling out of her chair because she was
so excited about this manuscript what she wanted to ask. She had to
wait to the very end. She said, So what's so different about this
manuscript? Like, what's what's different about it than the Quran?
The Muslims have now, in the doctor fidelity was just like, you
know, there's no dots and there's no vowels. And she was like, No,
that what else?
You got,
she was very mad, she wanted something like an another Surah or
something.
Okay, so this story, you know, it's interesting, because it does
prove that the Quran was written down in the Meccan period. There's
a hadith in Behati.
Where they didn't do that it was a it was added was the chief scribe
of the province of Eliza. He was a chief scribe. And it's
interesting, he was actually taught how to read by emotionally
who was taken as captive by them. So when the Muslims defeated the
mission of peanut butter,
some of them were taken as captive. And the Prophet
sallallahu sallam said, I'll release you if you teach how to if
you teach 10 Muslims how to read and write.
So Zane was one of the Muslims that actually was taught how to
read and write from a bush like I was caught captive. And he became
the chief scribe of the Prophet sallallaahu Salam, and he spent
time with the tribes have money to survive, and he learned Hebrew in
three weeks or so. Right? So he was multilingual. And he would use
he would refute their their texts and their theology.
So he was achieved he's a cultural Johto he relates a hadith and
telemovie I was the neighbor of the province of se used to live
right next door to the province.
So accounting is another
layer for tactical level, when he says whenever the ye would descend
upon the province,
he would send for me and I would come in and write it down for him.
And it says my How do you can go party that the prophets will have
it so then he kept in ink pot and a scapula bone in his own house
according to su t. So scapula bone means something to write on.
Something that you can write something with bones are used for
crude paper.
And the Prophet would order him to write
the Quran is also called as a key tab, the book, which can have
different meanings, one meaning is something written.
Right, so even the word key tab suggests there's keytab happening
at the time of the Quranic revelation, people are writing it
down, even before Medina.
Kitab also means a proper book or Codex. So that was not at the
time. But obviously, cinema suddenly went on to say this is a
prophecy that eventually it would become a book. keytab is also
synonymous with a revelation. So keytab linguistically,
is a form three infinitive, which simply means some sort of
correspondence between two entities.
So keytab doesn't necessarily mean something written, but some sort
of correspondence between two because form three is associated.
Right? So for example, cat about to write to someone, cat and I
just means to write cat or that you're writing to someone you're
corresponding, someone else is reading it or receiving it. So not
necessarily something just like cat time that needs to kill
someone with God's eye that needs to engage with another party. And
you're both mutually fighting.
However, there is a Hadith in Bukhari and Muslim very
interesting Hadith, the Prophet because if you if you go back in
time, if you were to meet the Sahaba
and if you met as a hobby at random, and you said, Do you have
the Quran?
Right? Do you have the Quran? You will say yes, can you put your
hand up like this? What are you doing? You want some food or
something? And they'll give me the forearms and give you the forearm.
So when you say it was a hobby, you have the Quran, he has it in
his mind to say what portion of the Quran Do you want? What do you
want me to recite to you? Right? So this idea of writing down the
Quran, although it was happening at the time, it's not like you
know, this is a codec, here's a book here's the forearm, right?
However, there is a Hadith in Bukhari and Muslim very
interesting. Do not take the floor on a journey with you.
For I am afraid lesson should fall into enemy hands.
So here's my talking, you know, don't take your Quran in your
memory with you. That's not what he's obviously referring to. So
he's referring to anything that you have that has Quran written on
it is not talking about what's off. There's no codecs yet. That's
later that comes at the time of birth month. We'll talk about
that. When you go on a journey. Don't have a piece of paper. It's
probably good for us now.
Write, when you're traveling overseas don't have anything.
There's a brother who this was a long time ago, he had a book
Kuttabul, a sassy, Book One very basic book on Arabic. The last
lesson has a picture of the United Nations building.
The last lesson, there's a picture. So he said he was stopped
at the airport, and they flipped through his book. And they saw
that picture and they said they looked at every page, it took
hours. Is it what is what is that as United Nations? What's it doing
this book? Never be less than. And they said read it because I can't
read it. It's the last lesson one, Lesson five. So you're refusing to
read this because I can't read it. I don't know how to read it. And
they know how to read it. So they actually read it. So it's
harmless, they want to see what you want to say.
Anyway.
And then, so we come now to generate a quote on the collection
of the Quran. It's called Jungle.
And the venomous a gentle or the Quran has two meanings. One
meaning is to memorize the Quran right to collect it in your mind,
that's a form of gender and also to write down the Quran and
preserve it in the Iranian agenda, who before Ana, Allah's kind of
analysis is upon us to collect it, to collect the is upon us to
collect in the Quran.
Your nuclear sort of Oklahoma
17. So your D says the entire Quran was written down at the time
of the Prophet civilizer. But it was written on rudimentary
materials. It was written on crude paper and parchment so Papyrus,
Papyrus is like leaves that's made of paper is very fragile.
Parchment is animal skin.
So the Birmingham manuscript is written on parchment. That's why
it's lasted so long. Papyrus just kind of imagine holding a leaf,
putting a leaf in your closet for 100 years, and then taking it out
and just disintegrates. That's Papyrus.
And parchment was expensive to make one Codex to make one with
money, Codex 300 Animals have to be slaughtered. It takes 300
animals to have enough skin to write one Codex. So the very
expensive
sitting the restaurant he will talk about this. He had a few
copies of the Imam manuscript. The Imam management is his own
personal copy of the Quran. The archetype he had in Medina, he
made five or six copies, and he sent them out into the provinces.
And some people say why only five or 669 is 300. That's like 2000
animals. It's very difficult to make one Codex. There's no
printing press. At least not in that part of the world. The
Westerners get credit for everything Gutenberg invented the
printing press actually changed some China then invented the
printing press long before Gutenberg, but they get all the
credit. No, Pascal's Wager, say daddy so
much.
Anyway.
You know, if you saw the opening theorem, this is off.
Opening ceremonies of the Olympics in Brazil, they have this guy with
a long mustache driving or flying a plane.
And the commentator comes up and says, Many people are MPs many
Americans are confused right now. So the Brazilians actually
believed it was a Brazilian who invented motorized flight. It
wasn't the Wright brothers. So they would contest that
and every country has different people that would they would say
there's evidence that the ancient Egyptians have electricity the
pyramids electricity
because there's a there's no way they could have built these things
inside of these pyramids, because they wouldn't be able to see
anything is impossible, the charges wouldn't work.
So they they have a lot of theories as to
say they had some sort of crude electrical system.
So there goes your conversations
okay,
it's okay.
As long as we have them
Okay, so So you know, Papyrus, you have parchment, you have leaves,
you have animal bones. It was not codified. When I say codify I mean
book A FIDE,
you know, bla size, if you will. It wasn't made into a book the
Quran until later. It wasn't brought together as a single Codex
or scroll until after the passing of the province of Eliza. So
different companions of the time the prophecy said they had
different
portions of the written Quran, there were hundreds if not 1000s
of Trofimov. However, the prophets will have it set up according to
sacred sources itself, thanks to the arrangement of the sorrows and
would recite it as such, there is an opinion in the mind as a
minority amongst Muslim Purnima. Let's say that recommande actually
arranged to sue out of the Quran, he basically went from the largest
to the smallest member, I mentioned that maybe last time or
the time before that. So that's a minority opinion, that's sort of
the Western distantly dominant opinion amongst Western Islam
assists Theatreland older K is read the Koran, the standard
Western text. Because all pre modern books were like that the
mission is like that you have the largest sections, and then as you
read along and get shorter and shorter, the New Testament is like
that.
But there are multiple Hadith let's say the Prophet, the
prophets of Eliza himself would recite the Quran in this order,
it's not a big deal, because the surah is a coherent literary unit.
Right? So if you read a surah, you come to the end, that's the end of
the surah it's not like you have to read the sort of after
it's not a must to do that. Although sometimes the prophets
will have it set up with join sorrows in prayer. But it's not a
must that you have to do that. Like for example, even Mr. We
would always recycle a mohawk and I'm not sure like I saw that every
single time. And he said that he got back from the profit zone
or something come bent upon you to do that though. If you're in
prayer and recycled too hot, you can recite hit loss in the next
rock, it's okay.
So, that's the Sunnah of the Prophet to do those two together.
Okay.
And the Hanafi has had these interesting rules about what to
recite in which regard where the Hanafi is you get skipped one
surah can singly sort out like that isn't like that. So if you do
want to hire the first one, aka, you can't do what Tina was because
you skipped one surah is considered makuu and Abu Hanifa
and the Hanafi is they don't make it if you recite backwards so the
first one I got you do is loss and the second you do COFCO because I
am moving backwards and I like that even if you're going in
chronological order, right if it's not in the what's known as the
canonical order of the Quran canonical belcarra Nice so on so
forth. And that's that's the order we should we should follow up on
to the micro if you don't do that
prayer is still valid Shabbat was considered something that's
reprehensible
disliked
so there are multiple howdy there three Huntington Makati that
describes something called as more iRobot
iRobot form three again, a lot more out of them. It's a mutual
presentation. This was witnessed by multiple Sahaba including
Fatima and Zaid, an Earth man and you must have heard that the
Prophet salallahu Salam on the last 10 nights of Ramadan. He
would go in St. Catherine the Masjid. You would have seclusion
in the masjid and geogrid Isilon would sit with him and they would
present on to each other.
So do you read at a salon with innocence review his recitation
every year, GB is an oversight report on the prophet would
repeat, this was witnessed inside the Masjid. So this was visited
this was witnessed by multiple Sahaba the last 10 nights of
Ramadan
during the matinee period every year, and in the final year of the
province, I said that this happened twice. So he was 20
nights in air ticket, his final year is final Ramadan.
So he reviewed the Quran twice. And the Sahaba said this is the
order in which he recited the Quran. The canonical order is the
way he recited not the chronological order. So he didn't
make it to the end of the Quran. And then end with whatever is at
the end the last two ideas of Toba or something in bulk on a whole
talk about them. He recited according to the canonical word
because the Quran is a
resource is a distinct literary unit.
Okay.
So there are three stages of collection.
Three Stages of collection at the bottom, the first stage is at the
time in the process of Eliza.
So at the time of the Prophet salallahu Salam, the Quran was fee
so good in maths, it was in the hearts of humanity. In other
words, they memorized it. This again was an oral culture.
Right? Heaven was always primary over keytab memory always took
precedence over the written text. Now it's the other way around.
The pre modern world, most cultures are oral Elisa, even
Athens at the time, Socrates and Plato 90% of the populace was
illiterate.
And it was also written on various scattered rudimentary materials.
So the entire Quran was written.
And it was written on these different types of materials and
in hundreds, if not 1000s of Sahaba had the entire Quran
collectively. That wasn't such a big issue. The big issue was they
all had it, many of them had it memorized. Right? The recitation
of the Quran is established by oral transmission. In an oral
society, it is always primary orality today is secondary. So
today, if you go to a masjid and you stand behind the Imam, and he
leads the prayer, and he recites something that you don't
recognize, and you go home and look in your Wusthof, and you
can't find it, it's not Quran.
And the guy leading is probably a federal agent.
So his badge number
one at the time of the Prophet saw a lot he said, If you sat behind
him, and he recites something, and you go home and look into your
papers or leaves in your parchment, and your pyrite and you
don't find it there, your collection is incomplete. He is
right. So write it down.
That's why we have Masako attributed even Mr. Wood and obey
vocab, even at best but are not complete. Investors must have if
it's authentic, and there's a big issue.
A very good book that I recommend on this topic is by mmm an album.
It's called the
the compilation of the Quranic text. It's a book I teach a
zaytuna
sophomores it's really a comparison between the compilation
canonization of the Quran in comparison to the New and Old
Testaments.
And he has a beautiful chapter chapter 13 In the book in the
appraisal of the so called Mustafa within myths.
So there's a lot of questions about business really like an
investor anyway, investors most half quote unquote, is missing out
on Fatiha. So that's a fact Fatima. So some Western Islamist
to say look, even even Mr. Wood, he didn't believe it like this
Quran, which is completely ludicrous because three of the
seven canonized Quran out of the Koran, three of the seven come
from even miss Roode and then all of those that are asked to recite
al Fatiha.
So the morality of sort of the Fatiha is without question, why
did he not write it down?
Allah Allah. Maybe he just thought it was axiomatically obvious that
this is wrong? Why should I write it now? This is almost off in his
own personal collection. It's so so hard to have notes. They put
Hadith in the margin. So Western scholars look at that and say,
well, they think this hadith is more on
obey a new copy wrote, do I point out in the margin, and in older
cases, although this is an extra Surah
we gotta
know what to do out because the Prophet says on after fajr and
after month it sometimes he would raise his hands and make dua in
the prayer. And this is what he would say and this is our wrote it
down. It doesn't mean that obey no Catholic, this is Koran, right?
It's like the lady at UC Berkeley, like,
what's wrong with the manuscript?
So there's certain things that
they just want, you know, the Christians every so often that
they find this, like a dead sea scrolls, and all those hot really
pushing that Nagamani library of 1945 new gospels, right? That's
what they discovered the Gospel of Thomas, like, whoa, this kind of
blows the lid off of what we have in the Bible, right? It's so
different. There's no passion, there's no death of Christ. And
the gospel of times, so they're looking for something like that
they want to find like, whoa, you know, here's, you know, I don't
know
date
here it is. So I believe that she our rate was one he took out these
rates, it's not all Fiat believe that very few minority, we'll talk
about that as well.
Again, that's one of those big conspiracy theories, right? Say
number if mom was able to remove versus about invade, and he was
able to convince every single Muslim of the world to do the same
and to keep it
too big of a lie to be true.
Anyway,
so and then the second stage of collection, so the first data
collection, FISA loading, that's the second state and then written
on various rudimentary mysteries. The second stage of collection
during the time of sending
the first Caleb were scattered portions of the Quran, we're gonna
talk about this process. Scattered, scattered portions of
the Quran are compiled
and they're called
contents were transcribed upon
scrolls.
And these are Pyaare.
Super for scrolls. So this is no longer extant.
The vicissitudes of time have taken away the scrolls for us.
We don't have them.
And then the third stage is the kind of scene
where the contents of the scrolls were transmitted upon parchment,
and made into a must have a codex, a book,
a proper book, the scrolls are cumbersome because you have to
open them like this. You were meant to? Probably not. I have
that mental synagogue, probably not right? Maybe not many
synagogues, I do a lot of interfaith work. Don't get the
wrong idea.
And
you know, they had this huge Taurus roll, which is a hole with
these two
large pieces of wood that used to sort of unwind it like that.
That's a traditional way of sort of reading the Torah. So
initially, the Quran was written on scrolls, and the Codex is so
much nicer. I mean, this is, this is a codex. It's nothing, it's
light. I can hide it. I can stick it out and play it. And look how
much ink is off. This little book is amazing.
So it's really in their mind that we can have a codex. So you know,
Codex at the time to say,
Okay,
if you look on,
you have a book. If you can look up someone else. Maybe you can
share page
36 and 37 of the
36 and 37. So let's talk about this a little bit.
There's a good job here with the chronology the written text.
So yeah, top left, right, the promises salons prophethood
commences the barista. Around 610. You move to the right first
revelation.
Gotta head off Jelena translated orally, right. 610 630 Julia
promises so then Mecca and Medina, so 610 to 622 is the Meccan
period, about 85 sewer, or Mecca, 85 of them. And 622 to 632. The
Medellin period about 29. So what are revealed to the province of
Eliza with continuous revelation on numerous occasions, to 114
Suwa, about 16 to 36 6236 verses in the Quran. It's about the size
roughly of the New Testament,
transmitted orally after memorization by many in writing
down revelation by various companions upon the direct
instruction of the provinces. And we said that so you'll see an
Qatada the number of the people in the bench around 900, the chief
scribe of the province of the Life Center, Xavier phablet 632, the
death of the Prophet sallallahu. Last revelation a few days before
this, the last ayat of the Quran, of course, you almost UT is most
likely Surah Baqarah verse 281. So it's not a Yama ecumenical
accompaniment.
This verse this day, I expected a religion was mantra it Miramichi
right, you know, this mat ADA. That's a portion of verse three of
sort of Amanda this was revealed that hedges and whatnot, the
Farewell Pilgrimage. So there's more poured on revealed after
that. The word I'm gonna say perhaps the meaning of the come
out of the beam here means that there's no more can revealed after
this if there are no more verses of the Quran, to have
jurisprudential effect to them. Right but there's still or
oncoming to the Prophet. So a lot isn't.
The type of ayat that will be classified as mod and we talking
about
the thematic Catterick is the categorization of the ayat of the
Quran. Mod was the most prevalent type of theme of the early
revelations, and it also ended the revelation so the Koran comes full
circle. So chapter two verse 281 Watt Tulku, young man to Jr on fge
Allah Allah, fear the day in which you will be returned to Allah.
This is the final ayat of the Quran continuity. Some of the MSA,
the last two is a Toba where the last is like a jet calm persona
meaning physical eyes is another human I need to add some more
meaning or overview until wonderful Hustla lab is ready to
welcome to our production.
This these are the final I attain.
This a dominant opinion is to 281
the last song of the fall on complete chapter is Eva Janice
will love you. In fact,
this is met Danny but revealed in Mecca.
So anything after the Indra is meant any, but this was actually
revealed to the Prophet salallahu Salam when he was in Mecca, but
after the hijab, so it's considered method
and this is a reference to the Fatah Mecca and Abu Bakar. When he
heard this sorta he began to cry. They asked him why he said, this
means the death of the robbers, they said, is imminent.
complete revelation left behind the memories of various
companions, as well as on various written materials.
632 To 634 I will reference caliphate 633 We have a battle
called the Battle of Yamama. It's 11 Hijiri. Well, pigeonnier,
something having 11 Hijiri.
So 633 Battle of Yamama. This was against musei lemma as cut down,
and that was plenty to get profit. It was killed in this battle by Wi
Fi. So during this time, many of the fall were also being killed
and other military expeditions as well. And so
say there are monitoring comes to us in Abu Bakar This is mentioned
in Makati. He said we should collect the Quran onto scrolls.
And our workers immediate response was, this is better, which are
suggesting this is an innovation. This is something that prophets
have never did. Right? We shouldn't How can we do that? And
then say no, Ahmad was able to convince him. So now they have HD
high, right? They sit down and discuss what are the pros and cons
of this. So you just hit every bit as I do this, every bit dies in
the in the fire. This is a way of speaking, when it's not to be
taking literally, obviously every middle that has no basis in
religion. Right? There's no basis of religion than those that can be
rejected.
But this is something that has a basis because the Sahaba want
people to preserve the Quran because it's followed to recite
the Quran in prayer. Right? So sit down, and he was able to convince
a publicity that this is indeed a good thing. Right? So the father
being killed. And that's a problem, because Heaven in this
time, in this time is pre modern time is always prioritized over
key tab over what's written. So now you know the father dying, we
should use what they've remembered, memorize and finally
write it down.
Right?
So we've ever Siddiqui agrees, and then they call for a given tablet.
And they say to say we have a project for you.
You're going to
be in charge of the transcription of the forearm Hunter scrolls
and then Zaif responses.
This is good.
I do this on Saturday says I get the data. This is dominant.
There's a standard
the guys have two kinds.
There's good and bad.
Right, technically the test scheme. You know, what we call
zips every pitch. But customer Bama? Technically that's when
you look at any of money management, you won't find users.
So let's let's just you know, forget about it. It helps people
read the Quran correctly. is a good thing. Right? The lions in
the masjid technically they
go to the Prophet's mosque. Well, I don't know.
At the time the province has electrical mines minister,
but this helps people live. No problem.
Okay,
so Zaid, he goes to the masjid and he calls for all of the Sahaba who
have any piece of Quran to bring into the mosque. He wants to know
what the Sahaba are considering to be put on. What do you think is
what are what do you have in your house that you think is what on
bringing into the masjid
and what does he do? He checks it against his memory and the memory
of his memories of his committee. So you have the entire Quran. So
what what's the purpose of this is to ensure total accuracy to align
the written Quran with its oral recitation.
And based on the AI to Damon was specially to Shadi de regering and
have two witnesses from your men to bear witness to men of good
standing.
Were required who were present at the time when the Prophet saw a
lot he said them was given that portion of the Quran whatever it
is, at the time it was revealed to him two witnesses were there at
the time of a walkie or they were in the masjid for example, because
sometimes the promises and receive for on when he was with die show
or by himself or
or somewhere else. The first time that the province they said
presented the is in prayer in the masjid
to witnesses for every piece of boron that was brought.
Okay.
So
they he wrote down.
And then he discovered that
that everything that was brought into the masjid magical was in his
memory and the memories of the default.
The end of Toba. The last two I as I mentioned, there was only a
singular access station. So Abu Hussein and I'm sorry, he was
actually
the only witness they could find those final two items of Toba. But
many heard of those is from the province of ally, so they're after
even Hajra considered a tomato. So they boiled it down to the sort of
the reason why there was only a single accusation probably because
they were the last is revealed. Or some The last is revealed that
many Sahaba herded from the provinces there after later on.
From
now, so, the Quran is written on the scrolls.
And during the caliphate of say, Norma, the sort of are kept by
Hafsa, the daughter of Santa Omar, who's a widow of the prophets of
Eliza, as mentioned in Bill Cosby.
Now we have the California Senate with money 644 to 56. The Super
for remain the cost of the derma 653. You have military campaigns
against Armenia and Azerbaijan and other non Arab lands, for they
thought comes to Satan.
And he says to him, there are serious differences amongst the
Muslims in the provinces, they're making errors in the recitation.
So we have to understand
the
the non arrows, right? On the frontier cities that are being
newly converted, people that are becoming Muslim, non arrows, like
Farsi speaking peoples, they have fragmentary manuscripts of the
Quran, written in shorthand. Shorthand, Arabic is extremely
difficult to read, even if you're Arab, extremely difficult. There's
no dots, there is no vowel notations.
It's very difficult to read. You can actually look at the
Birmingham manuscript, if you go on the website and just sit there
and try to read it, you'll be You won't even recognize the best mela
that's how difficult it is to read.
So you're not arrows right? Now trying to read this text and
they're making grave errors. So you're allowed some leeway with
ledger or with with dialect, and it doesn't change the meaning it's
okay. For example, some people refuse to correct their GPA. But
if you say what Zani, okay? You haven't changed the meaning.
Right? But that's not that's not a very good. It's not the best
touch. We are Esau. John, there's another one older man, we're
taking a week classes. And he said he saw John the EDA job. He said,
Okay, I got it. He's on the job. You just refuse to take
correction? That was a power of thought that that was a kid. And
then the one on his life. So what is not correct? What is not
correct? Am I saying something wrong? Is it against the Quran? Is
it No, but but sometimes it does make a difference.
For example, in Yemen, the cough is pronounced good. Is it good?
Well, no, I have and that's acceptable. It's okay. It's ledger
doesn't change the meaning. It's acceptable variants, if you will,
dialectical variants within the acceptable dialectical parameters,
but sometimes it changes the meaning completely. Or sometimes
people you know, they tend they tend to have a drop. So we're
having that becomes my hammer. I'm reading something completely
different.
And they give up on like that. Or they make up honestly try Yeah.
Shut up, come to the farmer,
to the farmer.
But there was a man, he was giving up on the past. And he said, Oh,
he will stop by the 40s. So who taught you about that? Nobody. So
don't ever make it again. Because you made it into a question. Oh,
is God great?
Is God
trying to do something? He's no idea what I'm doing.
Or asked what to do on a one time you heard a man reciting the
prayer in the man's in the law, but he wouldn't be unleashed Akina
what is really anyway
Who taught you your denominator?
I just like to leave prayer. So don't do it again. Because he
completely changed the meaning in the love but he will get ocean
acumen Ross will do that. So Gregory, so God and His Prophet
have dissolved all operating obligations, whether or not God
has dissolved all obligations from the machine and the profit
that God withdraws his trust from the profit.
So, you know, Rusu for Sue Lee, that's the difference. Doesn't
matter. Kassala needs a world of difference.
So there's acceptable variants, though the house they say, Maliki
or Medina mad owner
helps us from living this earth the wash, naff errs reading in
North Africa. Many Chioma Deen medic medic means king owner King
acceptable variants allows both of these and both of these readings
in our tomahto go back to the Prophet civilize.
Right, or we talked about the louvers one separately, Lucia
Kumar, Jul Comilla, cafe, our Julie comida cafe. One is
accusative one is genitive, wash your feet, wipe your feet, both
are acceptable. Wash your feet is the normal state, wipe your feet
if you're having if you put your socks on, both readings are too
often.
That's interesting thing about Arabic is that
in English, you sort of just have to repeat the same thing and tweak
it a little bit. In Arabic, you can
move the tissue around and get a different meaning with the same
lesson, the same continental skeleton
so this was happening with the non arrows. So you can imagine
what if you took the continental skeleton?
A one word?
This is what's in the magazine,
these early manuscripts
so how do you read that?
Well, if you're a half of the Quran, and you know what's before
and after, you can probably make a very good guess. If you're half of
the Quran eaters, but you've been taught about all you've memorized
it, if you're an Arabic You can get it. Right. Well what is what
can this be?
It could be he killed.
It could be feel on an elephant.
It's a big difference between heat killed and an elephant.
It could be guilty that he was killed passive voice. It could be
that before before it could, it could be massacred massacre, put
Tila he was massacred.
By that he kissed
be that he was killed.
So this is a big problem.
And shorthand
manuscripts.
They don't have a John, John Mark is diacritical box. And they don't
have Pushkin vowel notations. So non arrows and these not every
glance
they're resigning
or completely incorrectly they're changing words changing meanings.
Now what's happening in aeroplanes, you have these
fragmentary manuscripts of the Quran, that are written
with the spelling
of different Arab tribes,
different Arab tribes.
So the Quran is revealed in the dialect of polish. And there is a
difference of opinion what are the seven nationals of the Quran one
opinion is the actual four seven dialects of Arabic.
Another opinion is to put on was only revealed in Polish Arabic,
but the Quran has seven variations in its text. We could talk about
that later. But you have these different manuscripts of the Quran
written in different spelling conventions. For example, English
has different their American English has 23 dialects.
There's 23 dialects of American English.
And you know, these are called
North West Midland, Appalachian south and Boston urban, like Bay
Area hippie or something.
But then you have in England you have different titles as well.
Right. And an English British English and American Eagle
sometimes have different spelling convention. So the word color is
spelled C o l o u r, there's a U in there. In British English. If
you try to write on your typewriter in American English or
typewriter on your laptop, it'll underline the word red meaning
you've misspelled it in America is misspelled in England. You're
right. So it's the same with with Arabic. You have these manuscripts
written, written with the orthography, meaning spelling
style and conventions of different Arab tribes. Sometimes it doesn't
change the meaning or the thought, but sometimes it does. So now and
of course, the Arabs also at this time were not trained by Sahaba.
They have these sort of,
they have this sort of tribal Sabina like this, this is my
tribe. This is the only this is the correct recitation of the
Quran. This is the only dialect except from the Quran.
To have this idea, for example of the word taboos mentioned the
Hadith the word tab mood
in Qureshi dialect is spelled tat Alif bat Wow, tap mood but in
other dialects that you find it early manuscripts. It's spelled
taboo with a Tamil buta.
Buta right. So, this came into play during this time. So Zaid
went to Earth Mama said Which one should I write down
to see her with months it before he before he died? That would
proper tap?
So what does he do is that he tries to recall all of these
fragmentary manuscripts. He does the best he can, you know, it's
not like you know, he set up his army, don't give up your
manuscript or you know, nothing like
he tries to recall them for the major metropolitan areas, right
for the major masajid major centers as much as he can. He
brings them back to Medina, he destroys them. And then he has
Zaid,
copy the sucker off onto a codex.
Okay, so remember, so far, we're done at the time of Alibaba,
right? It matches exactly the memories of the Father, early
Sahaba. So you take this off now, and you transcribe it onto the
Messiah. And then five or six copies of the original must have
called the key mom manuscript. The archetype that stayed in Medina,
St. Earth mom was reading this manuscript when he was martyred.
And it might still be extant, there is a there is a
manuscript in museum and the museum in Istanbul, that some of
the Ranima say there's some markings. They say that's the
blood of a level.
So what he does is that he makes five or so copies of that Codex,
these are called the Mossad and saw with a saw that and saw these
copies are sent to Mecca, Damascus, Kufa bus route, another
one in Medina, and some say when it Cairo, there's at least five,
possibly six copies that were made of the mom manuscript. Now, how
does it solve the issue that oh,
you hear that?
Okay. We'll come back.
I'll see you next time. I
was putting the State Archives. And then we learned at the time
was the northmen, that there are fragmentary manuscripts.
Frontiers,
are not gobbled up to audit are being mispronounced by Arabs and
non Arabs.
So those were collected as much as possible.
And they were destroyed. And then they fabricated this committee of
12 Sahaba.
They recopy this approach, remember each piece that the
circuit was based on, require two witnesses who were there at the
time of the revelation of the prophets of the mighty center, or
when he first presented these ayat in the masjid.
So that center of man he has its aid, right? The Codex most cough
in the
the person have
the forage.
So there's orthographical style.
And then that's where we left off. And then we can add to that, that
at least five copies of that was half were made. So that was half
that was in the possession of state of mind is called the Imam
and manuscript, Imam manuscript. And there are some manuscripts in
the world even today. That could be the moment
manuscript probably the most common the most famous of these
isn't Uzbekistan, called the Tashkent manuscript.
And some of you have looked at the manuscript closely. I've seen
traces of blood on one of the pages, which they claim as the
blood of seahorse mod.
According to the story of his martyrdom, he was reading from
sort of when he was struck and killed.
There are other places Topkapi museum that have very ancient
manuscripts as well, which could be one of these with money
cortices. So anyway, five copies at least were made of the mom
manuscript, and they were sent to major metropolitan areas. One was
sent to Mecca, one two dimensional Damascus, the Kufa, a bus rock
one, maybe to Ellicott hill up to Cairo, and there's some discussion
that a second manuscript was kept in Madina Munawwara. But also, as
we really left office right here, we said that these manuscripts,
these LaMonte codici, they also lacked a sheen, it didn't have our
locations, and it didn't have a job, it did not have
diacritical dots.
So how does the northmen avoid the same problem as before, what he
did was he sent a professional party
a professional recital of the Quran with each manuscript to
teach that area how to recite the Quran and all seven of the and all
seven dialects
of the rust some standard are stabilized in the cuts of mudon
which is probably a jazzy jazzy script in the style of what he
dialect but then you can plug in as it were all seven of the Quran
add into the lesson.
So this is how it was taught from that point on to ensure proper
pronunciation
Okay, so that was the transmission
there was a question about
a see it on the Quran. We'll deal with that. Now we have a section
on to see upcoming control.
So we'll get more into that. But generally, the best type of
Tafseer is Tassilo Quran with the forearm. This has got to see every
wire right so every good professor knows how to make tough seated
with the Quran. In other words, when the Quran mentioned something
like later to cover
or or I should say later people Baraka is an ayah. In the Quran, I
think some of them were mentioned a lesson night. What is this
lesson night? Over here, if you read over here it says valence
will cover. So that's probably what he's referring to. Right? So
there are times when the prophets of the Valley Center will explain
these if,
right, so this is the best type of Tafseer. To see. Bill rewire
explaining the Quran with the Quran, or explain the Quran with
the Hadith authentic hadith of the Prophet Solomon is right, and this
is where conservative scholars will stop.
So like Hannah Lila, the early 70s, did not engage in color,
right speculative theology, they would stop at the Hadith.
That's it. Now, other schools of theology, thought it was important
to expand the exegetical tradition of potassium for the purposes of
not only making the Quran relevant for that particular time, and
people, but also to deal with some of these false theologies that
sprung up right because you do have no marked as he left the
ology you do have she out if you're suddenly she archeology,
there's problematic elements to it. You have the Jeopardy, the
poverty, the
anti dominions, you have the determinants, you have all these
with just Sima. You have the anthropomorphic lists. So
sometimes, it's unnecessary to expand a little bit on these. So
the best thing to do is build a wire right? And then the next
level of FCM
is the perceived variety. And this is somewhat controversial, right?
It means according to opinion,
right? So
this is what the professor will say. We'll give his opinion as to
what he thinks it says. Baseline is my understanding of Quran and
Sunnah. Right? But Allah Allah Allah
so this is a way again of making the pull on relevant for our
times. This big question that the youth have in America, what does
this book mean to me?
Read these ayat II, that's great. It's talking about
what does that have to do with me?
You know, it's talking about
the whooshing key and and how they attack the prophets, obviously,
what does that have to do with me? The lesson there is obey the
Prophet sallallaahu.
That's the transcendental lesson, but what does that have to do with
my life?
How do you make it relevant? So that's Tafseer.
So you want to be right.
classical liberal scholars, they engage in to see a good run.
And then you have to see a big shot up, which is the most
controversial to have seen to see in the shower, which is like
mystical exegesis like tell me
tell me
so
something like even hygiene but even or even even a hobby
type of mystical Tafseer
but we'll get back to the topic.
But the best, the sun that I saw natural to facilitate Quran this
is the axiom we'll discuss.
Next, I've seen
many, many Hadith, the prophet will go to the harbor. He said
mother to fool if you have a higher math as a rule, we have a
lot to say about this verse. And there's a lot of people and
explains what it means.
This happens hundreds of times in the Hadith literature.
Welcome to welcome to love to see but today is a spat with Masood as
bad in the zoo, which means the occasions of the revelation. These
are called historical contextualization
of the ayat of the Quran.
So the primary function of learning about Newzoo is to make
Tafseer what does this matter?
So, it sheds light on the is immediate context in meanings
and answers the question, What event? What situation? What
question what issue? What occasion prompted the initial dissent of an
item?
What is the original context of the AI?
It's not as bad as bad as the plural setup is the singular.
Most so you'll see actually has a book on this topic. Lou babbling
aboard to ESPAD it was the quintessence of transmissions
concerning the occasions of Revelation.
The term sub up as a technical term, its first use what you mama
tell buddy moments ago, he was a great exigent historian. He died
mining 22 Laude.
So there's no happy if you won't find the word set up in any hobby
that has this technical meaning. You're not going to see something
like how that's separate. What goes on behind the hill is
something like that. So in the Hadith, you find things like
football Zilla,
then it was revealed to him or for Anzahl a lovely lady, then Allah
subhanaw taala revealed it to him. Nevertheless, I haven't had a
verse was revealed concerning this.
So the oldest book on this topic is no longer Excellent. But it was
called Kitab Tenzin by a scholar named Ali even nobody
who is a chef of development Buhari. But the book is no longer
available for excellent. But the oldest extant book we have on this
topic, and the most celebrated was by the scholar and it was at and
why did he and he died 1075 Milady. His book is called a spa
that
the occasions of revelation has been translated into English. It's
published by funds the Thai funds of the Thai are 300 pages. And
Imam eyewash. He gives the ASVAB for about 570 If which is by no
means, you know, a good portion of the Quran is about 6200 I have to
write so 570 I answered about 83 sewer at three schools. A major
drawback to the Texas that Muhammad was he was not a
hackneyed Scotland.
So many of the reports conflict.
Many of them are weak. Some have no Senate whatsoever.
They'll say things like poor
people knowledge
you know is good enough for some people. But for hygiene scholars,
you need to give me a Senate
or some Parliament first
To the exigency so uncertain, but also partners to the economy. So
he'll put scholars will put sources that have some
weakness in their second their
reliability
of that nonetheless, it's
all of the great scholars of the Quran. Imam Azhar Kashi amount of
water, the most Realty TV, all of them agree that what Alex have
seen is invalid without knowledge of the span of the
need to have knowledge about that.
One can make grave errors without this knowledge. Before we get into
some examples, I want to talk about the major categories of
ispat major categories, why we're called onic, if you view
the most common was a response to an event, or a situation in the
life of the prophets of Allah. So in the operon, we have a lot of I
have to say, obey the messenger, obey Allah and obey His Messenger,
obeying the messenger is obeying Allah. Variations like that. So
many of these ayat were revealed because of his work.
This is the set of zoo of these ayat that deal with obeying the
prophets of Allah. Why? Because as we know, as well, there was a
group of archers, the prophets of Allah, He said, I'm told to stay
put, he said, even if you see us rounding the enemy, or if you see
the birds plucking out our eyes, as we've been defeated, do not
leave this close.
Until I come and get you myself. Right? So 10 of the 40 men stayed,
including, I've got a good job he was murdered. 30 of the men
thought the battle was over, so they left
and then you have
a tragic event, followed by a tragic event, after that, main
lesson is to obey the prophets on the body. So what we see is I want
to well that the Quran does not go into these details. It's not like
the Bible. The Bible is there's a lot of narrative details that seem
just superfluous. Long genealogies I mean, we have that the the the
shambles and the genealogies zero goes into
the Quran doesn't do that. A lot just suddenly gives you I saw what
it was.
So what's going on here, you have to look at a slab.
So we know this is some of the muzzle is a Prophet sallallahu
sallam was in Mecca. It's early in Mecca. He's trying to make our to
unbelievable, they're up. And some of the leaders of the punish. And
Abdullah Al Maktoum, a blind man comes to pulling up his shirt, the
promise of a lot of a sudden, he doesn't have who's just this
is just doing this with your face. It's just with the forehead.
That's what happens. It's not a scout Eagle like it's
just, that's it.
So then, he's a prophet, Allah subhanaw taala reprimands him
immediately Ibis. I went to jail when
you found it turned away from the blind man came to you. Right, so
this is a sin of a prophet is leaving an act of great virtue for
an act of lesser virtue. Either way, he's virtuous. This is a dump
of the prophets, prophets on a different day. These words mean
different things. You know, when I lost a dog, and I had law, that by
law, usually we translate that astray. That's not how the law
transmitted, he found you astray. And it is incorrect to assume
because we're talking about a prophet even before the death of
the meaning of this appointment, or the mother's two meanings, God
or the prophet before the bear, that means he's searching for
something
he's searching for. And then God gave him God
over it means he's enamored, one of the meanings of God is to be so
in love that you don't know what to do with yourself.
You're so in love with them to give you focus where to put your
club
so the spotlight those who have that what it does is it fills in
the narrative gaps of the Quran. That's the zero assumption.
Right? So that's the most common reason why I actually reveal to
the province of Milan incident response to an event or situation,
but then you have questions posed to the Prophet
Sahaba asked the province for Senate 13 questions. All of them
are answered in the photo. Yes, I will
ask you about the ruler. Yes. I don't look at any sad a Anamosa
Yeah, yes, love Uposatha Yes, I don't have to identify the name.
Let me ask you about Golden falling. asked me about charity.
He asked me about the G bad that mountain
This is I don't know, can I hidden that about the new moons? They
asked me about the your time, the orphans, right? So these questions
posed to the Prophet salallahu Salam, it prompted Tenzin
right so these are the as far as, like when the Jewish tribes in
Medina, they ask the prophets for the last three questions, right
because obviously, if he answers this question, the Prophet saw the
lights and and Sophia in the side or Danica, I'll do that tomorrow.
But then the answers came for 15 days.
So also kind of analysis in the Quran. Never Say Never say in the
faculty, Metallica
Allah without thinking Sharma. So you had
the initial sort of inclination might be Well, that was kind of
embarrassing for the prophets of the money. So, but in fact, many
of them wish looking and the Jews in Medina started thinking, there
is something he's receiving, why would he embarrass himself like
that? So he's waiting for something. All right, that
actually worked in his to his advantage, we should listen to him
more closely, because he's hearing something.
And then questions of the prophets of Allah.
So for example, the prophesy centum was sitting with angels in
Mojave. And he says to them, Why don't you visit us more often?
And the idea was revealed, by man at the Zen Illa, to unveil of
do not descend, except by the permission of your Lord.
And watch it says the ASVAB, however, relate to the immediate
cause of the resume
the immediate cause during the life of the prophets of Allah.
So Surah 105, verse number one, and I'm currently the father of
Buka. Because Jaime feed what is the setup of Luzon of this iron?
Is it the attack on Mecca by a shaman his arm?
What is the setup on his own? Island Tara gave
the surah I feel what is the Southern result? Why was this
surah revealed? Is it because of the attack on Mecca by Agra?
Yeah, so this is not the set of Windows, what did you
write this is the content of the resume. You have to make a
distinction between the content of the resume and the suburb of
the cover. What is the information that the the zoo is bringing as
the set up of the new Zoo? Because this happened in your 570, the
attack on Mecca, but this surah was revealed to the prophet in the
vise about 46 years later, but 616 or so.
So what does the suburban news or in general persecution of the
prophets of the Valley Center by the operation in Mecca
medical approach to persecuting the Prophet sallallahu Sallam will
also kind of want to add, he speaks directly to the policy
center. But he knows there's other ears listening. Don't you remember
the or rather, don't Don't you know the significance of what I
did to the companions of the elephant? is really for the
courage to remember that. This was Tabata. There was many people that
were alive at that time. Remember that?
Okay, it's the same with like stories of who are in good and who
service.
Right. So the exit is a hit job who Silas is mentioned in the
Quran. What is the setup and resume of the story of the Hijra
could be the Hijra on the prophets, Eliza.
Right? So oftentimes in the Quran,
you have Allah subhanaw taala, revealing information about past
prophets that has relevance to the life of the prophets of Eliza,
similar events. So alasa kind of reveals portions of abakada,
shortly after they get you out about about the exodus of Moses,
because the Prophet just made Exodus. This happened to him, it
happened to you.
They're saying this about you, they said this about the former
province.
So we know that the ESPAD deal with the life of the prophet
Sallallahu Sallam are widely used as another example, what?
God told Abraham as a hadith as a friend, whereas the Sebulba Mazoon
of this ayah isn't that allowed to Abraham as a friend? No, because
that's mentioned in the Torah.
Right. He's called God's friend, you know, in Scripture 2000
Here's prior to this. What is the sub? Was all of this is
a la vida? Exactly.
So the point is the sub up in the hub of the occasion, and the
content of an IR are not necessarily connected.
Obviously, what's the one that there's a connection between the
content of the suburb? You found? It turned away? Right? Because the
suburb is the profit turning away from ability to map to. So the
content is related to that.
We're dealing with past puzzles, or something else happened, or
similar in the life of the prophet somebody that's causing these? If.
So, give me some examples. Now 1/8 grade Arabs
without this knowledge.
So that's the first 115
chapter two, verse 115, while in law, he will actually provide
a number two will do for 10 modules in our cylinder
to guard the lungs, the East and the West. This is an idiom in
English, it's called the terrorism.
East to West means everywhere. So you might say, what about North
and the South, the North and the South don't belong to God. But
there's a figure of speech is includes everything. It's called a
terrorism. So one has to study by that you have to speak rhetoric to
understand what's happening is I That's number one, whichever way
you turn, you will find the face of God.
Right.
So now we have to study theology. Whichever way I turned off, fight,
the last days isn't much. Because you know, physical face, oh, we
believe in pantheism. God is everything.
Right? So theology becomes necessary to study.
But then also Hadith and become necessary to study and read this
ayah on its face, whichever way you turn to find God's face, I can
pray in any direction, whichever way apparently, a no matter what,
whichever way you want to.
And that would violate the edge of the consensus. So we'll come back
to this I.
But another I have chapter five, verse 93.
Lisa and I live in whatever the Saudi having tuna,
tuna on feed to
turn the row either, but how, and why.
There is no blame on those who believe and work righteousness for
what they have eaten. As long as they
had piety of God and believed and worked righteousness.
You can see how this verse can be misconstrued, I can eat whatever I
want. Is that what it says? There's some Sahaba, who heard
this idea for the first time and that was their initial
interpretation of the
talking about this. Another is chapter two, verse 158. In this of
our water in sha Allah, for men had junk data. We're talking about
off for that lady, and the total worth of iman, so Safa and Marwah
or sacred symbols of God, whoever goes to hatch or Cromwell, there's
no blame. If he runs between them. There's no blame. So it's
optional.
That sort of feeling one gets, there's no blame if I do that.
What if I don't do it? Is it okay?
So there are also various ayat that become incomprehensible
without context.
Right? For example, when you finish your rights of the hedge,
fence, put a law degree come back home, I shut that the ground when
you're done with your rites of pilgrimage, this is chapter two,
verse 202 100. When you're done with pilgrimage, then remember God
like the remembrance of your ancestors or even more with even
more severe in your remembrance. They could have the ancestor was
talking about
and file are 17
Well, my mom, I need to eat that I need to well I can love that
aroma. God speaking to the Prophet Solomon said that you did not
throw when you threw a lot of fruit, what? For what?
So these verses can not be understood without herbalism.
So with respect to the first idea, To God belongs to East in the
west, to allow the lungs East in the West, whichever way you turn,
you'll find a couple of find a countenance and we'll also kind of
went to it so he wants you to mentioned that there are multiple
reports. Some of them conflict about what is the true setup. So
there's, there's a few I Spybot was this idea
As different occasions of revelation that deal with it, one
of them is either it's referring to not feel a prayer while mounted
on an animal during travel.
So if you're traveling
and you're in the car, I guess would be the equivalent now
it's not the Lapeyre. It's not
for NASA that this context also means Sona something extra. Right?
You can continue to go the direction you're going and pray to
your sitting position.
Whichever way you currently find lost confidence
in reality,
laws
existence,
that physical face
proper how to deal with these with the shabby, if later,
anthropomorphic if.
But when it's farmed, you stop you find that timberland you stand if
you pray,
if you can't do that, visit the city issue.
Like you're just on a plane and you just can't get up and you
know, the seatbelt bites on and you get up and start praying to
the Jews throwing off the planet.
So there's difference of opinion what to do in this situation, you
can pray and you're seeking awaken you laugh with you think you're
safe to be think you're in danger, which you're safe,
praying to receive fog, and then make it up late. Probably the best
way, looking out the window.
To the pro plans, basically do the best you can.
Okay, or he says I love him. He says this relates to a situation
where
you cannot determine the fibula.
But you have to make tough to do to clear means some sort of
determination.
You have to try to find that the blood.
You know, I was in an airport about a month ago. And I have this
smartphone, but I don't know how to use it. Nothing ever works. I
think it's user error.
And I got a new phone. This is a new iPhone. Anyway, it works a
little better. So a janitor walked by and said Excuse me, sir, do you
know which ways north? And he said use your use your phone? Use your
smartphone? The user is not so smart.
So So I asked around which ways north I will try to look out the
window for the sun, you have to try to guess. So you have to make
tough to do make tough Do you pray if you find out later, you are
wrong. The dominant opinion is the opinion of abusive belief Hanafi
school is as long as you have a tough deal. You don't have to make
it up as long as you try to locate the Qibla.
So there's an opinion that this is what the IRS is talking about. I
try go make a prepared thing and not too much. Whichever way you
turn.
Or given a bass says that this ayah was revealed in response to
Jewish objections to the change of the fibula.
Why did you change the Qibla whichever way you turn to find out
lost confidence in a way of saying beta Loftus is still holding to
holy place with the Kava is the original tipologia you've got to
him if that's the direction we're going to.
So
as it goes up, and I'll come back to this I
Yeah.
So in this case, when there's multiple paths that are the run
up, I have a sort of method of choosing the strongest report.
The next up you report.
It's coming up. Yeah, that's it, that's another that's something
else that will sway or is it truly an SVM
we'll talk about that.
With respect to 593 This is when there's there's no blame on those
who believe and work righteousness for what they have eaten.
Right. So quote, unquote, it will be even some Sahaba as we said,
first month even by their own under misunderstood this i Some of
them approached Ermahgerd and insisted that had to punishment
could not be carried out on a righteous believer, even abashed,
clarify for them, he settled when
the IRA is referring to companions, who indulged in
drinking and gambling before these prohibitions and then died.
Unnecessarily
there's no blame on them for what they ate. Because there was no
prohibitions at the time. These rigging and gambling were not
until the early med any theory
about who was allowed to gamble and drink even into Medina for
some time. So if they died before those provisions, they're there
Okay, we're gonna prohibition. Or someone did these things before
Islam and the converted, all of that is piped up. Or someone you
know, a believer ate or drank out of ignorance or due to deficient
knowledge, and makes Toba when he comes into knowledge, or even
someone who has knowledge, he knows it's hot, and he does it,
but he makes toes up
a lot is Toba, an awful lot means the one against a golfer and he's
the one who keeps forgiving, and allow for winds to erase is
completely gone.
To the system, not a person that is dealing with or advocating NT
no means that you know, as long as you believe you can do whatever
you want,
believe in God and do it that way, as Augustine said, Augustine, even
going to do with them.
And as far as to 158,
suffer and Mattawa. There's no blame if you go between them.
Although I thought it was optional, based on his
understanding of the text, that Anisha disagreed and pointed to
the subtle windows.
So at the time that this ayah was revealed, he was sure that he had
put idols at the base of suffering.
There were idols there. So some of the Sahaba thought it was now
sinful, to do the same running.
So the point of the ayah is, it's still obligatory, despite the
presence of the islands,
you still have to do it. For example, if I tell the brother go
in that room and pray, he goes in that room, he looks behind the
crucifix.
So he goes outside, he says, Look, he says there's a crucifix in
there. So go in there and pray. Let's allocate dramatically.
There's no blame on you. My telling him don't pray.
I'm making it optional. No, no, you still have to pray. But I'm
saying it. There's no blame for doing that thought action. Face to
to blood, oh, look at it and worry about it, and pray.
This has been the nature of the eye.
And then you have the issue of privacy. This isn't the only issue
that when an IR is revealed in connection to some event or a
situation or question, what is given primacy? Is it the general
sense yielded by the wording of the item?
Or the specific sense implied by its saddled with muzzle?
Again, is it the general sense, yielded by the wording of an item?
Or is it this specific sense in by Southern Missouri. So ut advocates
the former, the general sense, yielded by the wording of the I.
This is the practice of the sahaba. In other words, they would
deduce general rulings from verses that had specific occasions of
Revelation.
This is called the primary of the general the primary of the
general, those holy principle for those who want to know in Arabic,
is I've ever been on to the removal of the law, legal sources
suburb that the lesson or the salient point is due to the
generality of the expression, not due to the specificity of the
occasion. I'll give you an example.
There's something called the Bihar repudiation of a wife, a man in a
giant heavy period would say to his wife and Arab society, and to
highlight
that you're like the back of my mother. Right? So now, you will
not have conjugal relations with her. You will not give her
material support. If he doesn't feel like it. She's just kind of
lost the house. Right? So this happened to a woman named cola did
to Fabula back in the medieval period.
Right. So you have some remnants of these ideas, even amongst
Sahaba. Medina
is her husband, I was given an assignment divorced her through
the hall. Right? That is the specific suburban puzzle
of the aisle.
But it doesn't just apply to them. You see, what do we do that
General is drawn from the specific the arm is drawn from the house,
all of the I have a specific set of Buddhism, but the Sahaba would
draw general vessels, meaning that when Allah says in surah, An Nisa
I in number four, that your wives can never be your mother's that
applies to everybody that we are is haram for everybody. You cannot
do that to your wife.
The primacy of the general
deduce that the general from the specific.
So as an important,
important concept that you can pick up say, Sir, I will jack it
up at the semi Isla colon Leti to Jad, Luca Feasel, Jihad watashi
teki de la blah, the beginning of sort of Rajat Gupta that's hurt on
the jugular. The woman who argues with you, is called them into
sila. Allah has heard the speech of the woman who's arguing with
you, and she carries her complaint to Allah.
So this idea was revealed, say to her, during his caliphate, was
taking an army out.
And his key halted the entire army because he said, you know that
woman that the Quran was revealed she's standing in the roadway
right now.
People why he stopped the army the entire army halted to approach her
he said yesterday, he
moved from the roadway very politely, because this is someone
that is prepared to allow her to lie and reveal.
Another example,
he is specifying corporal punishment for those who slander
chaste women. If you slander a woman was chased, call her Zania
with a biller, if you cannot produce for witnesses, you're
given at lashes in public. But corporal punishment. This is
something America used to do. During the period of the founding
fathers during the time of Washington and mentioned Franklin.
Fact Benjamin Franklin was supposed to be worked in public
but he fled from New York, he broke his apprenticeship which was
against the law, the punishment was being tied to
a pole and then whipped.
So this verses 24, six of the Quran surah to nor iron, number
six,
those who
levy charges against chaste women and failed to produce evidence
with the ad lashes. Right? So this was revealed about abandoned,
given omega.
This is the first person to have done this.
So that's the specific sub seven disorders about this man. But he
draw a general ruling from the specific
say, Well, that's what he thought that was being revealed about him.
I can slander whoever I want. No, you can.
It's a specific set. But but there's a general ruling. I
remember I told you a moment left largely for sourcing for sources
sub. The lesson is, is is due to the generality of the expression,
not the specificity of the occasion.
Another example
oh sorry, that's illogical.
That was Hassan. It was that
there was a great poet of the prophets of the bison was praised
by the prophets on the license, but unfortunately, he was one of
those who spread the rumor about Atisha
disk right. And this goes to show that believers can fall into sin
are not possible to have are not possible.
And then he repented for it is Toba was accepted the prophets of
Allah is Allah embraced Him as is compatible.
This was is I have to reveal on the occasion of Heidi from disk
the story of the slander of our mother Ayesha.
Allah says,
You're evil and terrible, do they give a bad
name?
Allah exhorts us never ever to say anything remotely close to this
ever again.
That's why Imam Malik said slander and Asha is Cofer because of his
eyes.
And it would be a capital offense to slander action in Medina
because it's an act of apostasy.
So what was he later?
Oh, yes. So that was the IRS dealing with Leon malediction. For
part one oneself. If you make false accusations about your wife,
you suspect your wife did something if you can't produce
witnesses, right then there's a series of malediction play about
cursing me about my male lovers. You have five times, right? Even
if you do it five times and the marriage is dissolved. No one is
punishment. You have to have witnesses.
So this was related to how
The electrical mania, we suspect because why they did this
so SUTI says the provisions contained in these ayat transcend
in their applicability, ie the regional occasions of the
revelation there's those are wider transcendental even a verse of
threat why why do liquidity homeless at illumise
well to every scandal monger as a machete says it's occasion is cos
is specific is talking about a specific person but the threat is
a harm it's for everybody
another example
Saudi who was Saudi Arabia let's see if male or female cut off
their hand
the ruling the shortcode is arm by each man is general.
So there's
there's application after its immediate occasion. The setup is
hoss. The occasion is specific. It was given Josie mentioned a man
had his Arbor stolen in Medina, Iowa. But another issue with
respect to these prescriptions is is unconditional or conditional.
Unconditional means mutlak unconditional love. Conditional is
more identity is tied to something. So it is on
the hand, but it is conditional on certain things. Additionally, it's
not just you know, it's tough to do it in every case. Right several
factors come into play. And these are called the preventatives on
the hood. The preventatives of Islamic punishments. For example,
is it a first time offender
that has to be taken into consideration?
Is it petty theft? Would you steal a candy bar?
Was it a child?
Is there a famine or drought? In other words, is a moratorium
possible? Senator Ahmad, during his caliphate, there was a famine,
people were stealing because they were starving.
So he said, I'm not going to carry out produce punishment. While
these people are starving.
What do you expect them to do?
Is is their due process? Of course, it's not like the movie
Aladdin. Or Princess Jasmine is walking into the soup area. She
picks up an apple and the vendor says it takes off his sword says
Do you know what the penalty is first day away?
That's like kids are walking.
What if the person repents immediately, and returns the goods
taken into consideration? Are there other options? Right? So
there's two types of punishment. There's Matt ToolBank prescribed
punishments mentioned in the Quran. And then there's something
called zero to zero or discretionary punishments that are
carried out by order of a hotkey or a call D, for example, prison
time.
Something like that. Awesome. ostracizing something putting them
in prison.
So it's not just limited to the application.
Isaiah, is there Poverty isn't public property.
What if he steals a library book? That's technically public
property? So that's it prevented him from?
What about the finders keepers rule?
Just fined $1,000 cash on the ground? That's not Steven.
Punishment.
There's different ways of dealing with these things. What if the
victim doesn't press charges? Or the judge shows leniency? Right,
and how do you feel to sort of
trade also behind the promises and the approach the Prophet, very
closely walk right up to him? When you see him and he said, I I
transgressed the book of Allah
to punish me according to the book. So this is something that's
in the book, this is something potentially major you punish me
according to the Book of God.
The province of Aleister he lived alone and he's
hard on that ANA Salam Didn't you just pray with us
and he said now is an awfully that it's already been forgiven. Go
away. Don't worry about
so you could circle you would circumvent
the nail yourself with God's avail
the knife into above her head
I broke the laws and I want to be punished. And Abu Bakr said,
Who did you tell? He said nobody. He said, Just make Toba go away.
And then the same night went
and said, I broke the law and I want to be punished. And then Omar
said, Who did you tell? What did you told me that? I don't know.
Go? The man who ran out of the suit. He ran out of the suit
holding something. He thought he was a thief grabbed a suit, what
does he run into sidearm? Ah, Oh, whoops, wrong.
selector did you still like I was shocked to get
through it.
Because you also have to bring witnesses.
There's there's also statute of limitations. You can't bring, you
know, six months later, this mess go by car six months later, just
to throw it out. There has to be immediate, immediate charges
preceded to witnesses that saw the theft of good standing. So it is
our problem is out. But you can see how the scope and extent of
its applicability can be severely limited.
Dr. Shapiro, Heidi's Canadian scholar, he said in the first 400
years of Islam, there were six documented cases of hand
amputation.
And even in the Ottoman period, which were very meticulous
details, it was an anomaly once in a blue moon, this what happened
to the purpose was not cruelty, but to be an effective deterrent.
The strictness of the punishment itself was a preventative, for
example,
driving down the street in Santa Monica couple years ago, and a
couple of intersection is a big sign that says red light
violation. $538.
You might think, well, you know, it's a lot of money, but
I pulled in 150k a year not be that big of a thing. So it's not
too bad. It's annoying. But did you know that there are 60,000
children in the Bay Area that are suffering from poverty, that 40%
of people that are the area are living paycheck to paycheck? A
$538 Fine, is literally the difference between having a moment
being homeless for 40% of people in the Bay Area.
So here's the point. The point is not to be cruel.
You know, they don't have to write that there. Why even write it? If
the point is just to rip people off, don't put any sign right let
people run red lights and ascend the bills for $530. The point is
to be in a deterrent, a strong deterrent. If you do this, there's
a heavy penalty
one of my teachers said live in South Korea for 14 years, so he
never looked locked his door and 14 years Whatever.
Free notetakers fu 530 If your hand offends you cut it off has to
decide if you're putting a sending credit off Catholic society. If
your eye offends you, pluck it out, cast it aside. It is better
for us to enter L and the whole of you. The Christian messages. They
take this as much as this is figuratively cut off the weight of
sin. Enable yourself
in Matthew 1912. He says I encourage you to be Unix for the
sake of God
castrated yourself. Again, they take this majestic but
interestingly one of the greatest scholars of Christian History
Origin of Alexandria literally castrated himself based off his
verse.
The irony there is that origin was known for his spiritual exegesis.
But he took this verse very literal.
But for the Torah, Deuteronomy 2511. There's a problem that if
two men are fighting, as mentioned in Deuteronomy 25, two men are
fighting, and then the wife was one of the men comes and tries to
separate them and grabs the * of one of the men. Then
it says, cut off her hand and show numbers.
The point is that you have these types of Ashtown in biblical text.
So you know how to deal with them.
Why is it that the Quran is suddenly incompatible?
America, they have these, they have these
10 fold and their own text around doesn't mention stoning one time.
There's no mention of stoning. As a penal punishment in the Quran,
if you'll find it, maintain 11 times the biblical terms.
So how did they reconcile their texts with America? Why don't they
allow us
to practice? Well, the only good practices, there are Jews a follow
up, you go to places on the East Coast.
They have their own communities, and they follow the letter of the
law.
But they have this idea that if the law of the land that you're
living in
does not accommodate something sacred law, you abandon the sacred
law and follow the law of the land. And by doing that, you are
following the sacred. We have that as well. If there's something in
the Shediac that contradicts
the non Muslim majority that that we're living in the Shetty, I
says, abandon that problem and follow the law of the land as long
as that part is not regular.
But if you're being ordered to break the shake up, then you make
visual.
So this is a big, this is a big concern.
A lot of times when we hear the word shutting off, and to be
honest, what do we think of we think of hollow around food. Can I
eat this gummy bear? Or it's something to do with prayer?
Prayer, we'll do food. That's what we carry out. But non Muslims
usually are they think about application events. They think
about flogging people they think about stalling. That's all they're
doing. Right? I'm actually interested the other night, if you
have a book of Sharia, right 99% of it is food is prayer to hot off
commercial law, the very end of something called he'd have a good
like this much. And that's only for the soul calm. That's for the
political authorities to do with us. But that little sliver there
is what non Muslims believe the entire Shediac is and what every
single Muslim will carry out upon them.
So it's the misinformation that they're receiving from the media.
A lot of fake news. exactly true. And it's us doing a poor job as
well about what happens
before I
keep going here.
So control will continue. We'll finish this problem
next time.
Inshallah and then we'll do the next is abrogation. That's, that's
also very, very important to understand what is pneus what is
abrogation and
what abrogates are just related to what verses are abrogated.
Today we're talking about ness, ness,
known scene
Naskh, which means tragedy, usually application
cancellation. So this is one of the most difficult, complex,
slightly controversial topics in Islamic legal theory.
And quite often misunderstood.
And like a Scrabble resort, is not an exact science. So scholars are
very opinionated on this issue. There's a lot of difference of
opinion. Overall, there is consensus that there's definitely
less in the foreground there is a level of abrogation the real
difference of opinion regarding it is the scope or extent of
necessity.
So we'll talk about that and shoulder so nuts deals generally
affording Lumber Company generally this only applies to i that that
our work I'm at Morgan QMF remember last time we talked about
the Quran itself divides it's I add to to to grow
Smoke shabby hats that are multi dimensional, that are obscure,
unclear or anthropomorphic. And then there are
which are clear or one dimensional for it yet that have legal and
ethical implications. So when we talk about NUS we're talking about
if I had that had legal or or ethical implications, essentially
I had excellent other I had in the legal aspect, or outward aspect,
or exoteric aspect. So the technical definition that's given
by the aroma of the Quran is not perfect machinery be that even
shattering
rough rule of machinery that needed shattering
to remove or lift away a legal ruling by means of illegal proof
so why only the ASPCA
so why don't verses in the Quran because remember, we divided the I
added the Quran to the division of the party of the moment desiring
you have I have to deal with Rubia was never we with my eyes. These
after never they're never monsoon they're never abrogated dealing
with Google via Why aren't I had to deal with Google via with
lordly qualities. Why aren't they ever abrogated? Because Allah
subhana wa Tada is immutable, a lot doesn't change. Only our
understandings of ALLAH SubhanA wa Tada. Only our understandings
change and are sharpened and are refined. That's what theology
means. Theology is to speak about Allah subhanho wa taala. Right. So
people have different theological
characteristics are different theological understandings, or
descriptions will also kind of want to.
So we'll come back to this idea in a minute. But nuts involves in the
dial in the dial, button, it dial, which is substitution or
replacement.
So I asked that were forgotten by the prophets of Allah. The Quran
seems to indicate this is a reality. I have forgotten that
replaced with similar I had
or as a reference to the actual free talked about the seven
letters of the Quran that I have revealed in various ways to
facilitate comprehension amongst the Arabs.
So as we said, in the house, they say, Maliki on the deed a lot is
the owner, the wash, many pee on the team. The kings are two
different words. Both of them have toxic transmission. Both are
multiple tested.
That go all the way back to the Prophet solo. For me it was
this is not given.
You also have something called the pod from boffin in the call,
nullification or cancellation.
This is the cancellation of ayat that have legal or ethical import.
The wisdom behind this according to the rule of law is to establish
a precedent of dynamic legalism.
That law changes as time goes on, depending on social location and
context,
the Koran
canceling any Afghan
or it's a reference to the Quran, parents canceling many ash can be
found in previous revelations.
Right? So if you look at Jewish law, there's a lot more laws than
what we haven't studied a lot more. Many of them are, you know,
based on the dog will reveal to silence around the Quran seems to
indicate that but some of them will reveal to Linnaeus right here
that they have been cancelled
with the revelation of the Quran, because the Quran is doing
something to Jewish law. It is ameliorating the Jewish Law School
tacy. This is a function of pneus of abrogation. It's making it
easier for people. We'll talk about that as well.
Okay, the Quran is a universal
revelation. Right? So it can't be difficult. It is something that
should be implemented by everyone on the earth.
So he said that I have to deal with Rubia cannot change because
Allah Subhana Allah does not change. A lot is immutable, but
only our understandings of God change. Jews and Muslims, for
example, worship the same God. Most people would say most Jews
and Muslims will say that they both worship the god of people to
whom it is
each claim to have
have a more refined theological understanding. But it's the same
God.
Jews and Christians, for the most part, believe that they worship
the same God that Abraham, Christians will say they have a
more refined understanding. Not that God changed and became a
trinity. Christians maintain that God was always a trilogy. But this
wasn't revealed yet, until the time of the New Testament, or was
it revealed to the time of a size. And this is something that Jews
and Muslims disagree with?
Obviously, our understandings of God change, but something
something so drastic as a tribal deity, suddenly being revealed at
such a time is unacceptable.
But if you look at sacred law, you look at Holika you should know
this term, the Jewish counterpart, the Hebrew counterpart to shut up
is hollow up.
Like you say, people have hung up on the Masjid. But it's a case of
like,
this is surely our buddies, right? According to their charity out
you can drink wine
in moderation.
So this is a difference we have in the Quran, why it is
not permissible. So this is a function of dusk, that is inter
scriptural. So the Quran abrogating
so certain that will reveal the previous profits.
Why is that because I'll also kind of want to add a new look kind of
alcohol would be drunk towards the end of time, back in the day in
the pre modern world, someone my size of retirement accounts. If I
want to get drunk and have to drink about a gallon of wine, it's
very difficult to get drunk. But now I go to the liquor store. And
I buy you know, 120 Proof, whatever to Hilo, two shots, and
I'm on the floor. I've never done it.
It could happen. Right? So this would survive the profits of an
accident.
Tomorrow,
alcohol is the summation of all sin. Right? And alcohol kills more
people than cigarettes. Definitely. But no alcohol, beer
wine, such a big business in America, that you'll never see any
public service announcement about.
Criticizing Budweiser during the Superbowl, quite the opposite,
right.
Anyway, are like seafood in Jewish law, there's very strict,
meticulous rules about what Jews can eat, that's from the ocean,
they can only fish that fins and scales. A fish has to have fins
and scales and up. Whereas in Islamic law, it's much easier.
Right? Depending on which method but generally, it's easier. And
there's other you know, the beard is something that is thought of it
for Orthodox Jews.
Even trimming that err on the side is impermissible. We have to grow
the laws.
So Islamic law has
easier aspect of it.
Okay, so you know, Western
Islam as they oftentimes criticize us, it's a this is just a kind of
a clever way that Muslim scholars
sort of cover up the fact that the Quran apparently contradicts
itself. So this is been abrogated by this one. Right? And they say,
well, can God really change his mind?
A lot of Muslims actually murdered Muslims. And I was talking about
this during the lecture Masjid a couple of years ago. I think it
was a theology class and I mentioned us, brother jumped all
over me and said, Are you saying that, you know, there's
contradictions in the Quran? Or does Allah change his mind and
things like that? So you have to understand the nature of 10 Zero
10. Zero needs a piecemeal revelation
10, zero, piecemeal, progressive revelation.
The Quran was revealed
over 23 years.
The community of the prophets have a lot of setup. It's changing and
growing and evolving. So the very ethos of the sacred law is a
dynamic reality is being shaped around the initial community.
The law as a dynamic reality, this is very, very important. There's
certain things in
Law in Sharia that never change. These are called thought that why
that they never change the other things a lot, many things involved
that are looked at Hi got ops, variables
and change according to social location.
So, you know, surely it isn't some prepackaged 1400 year old law,
here it is take it or leave it.
If you just look at the chef at school, for example. It's called
the chef at school. It's after its founder, love chef in
the 1000s of scholars have contributed to the school, even
today. So if you go into a chef, a book of Sharia, because from 500
years ago, when he tried to look up, what's the fit of the praying
on an airplane?
You're obviously not going to find it. Right? If it's five year old
book,
nowadays, we get to go to a Shafi Scott, you ask him, do I have to
pray on an airplane?
It'll give you an answer. See, wait a minute. Look, Shepard, he
talked about airplanes. Know, the nature of the schools is that
they're dynamic, right? They're living there. There's a variable
aspect to these schools, because that's the nature of sacred law.
Right. So there's always a human element. There's an element of HDR
the principles that were laid down, all of a sudden, all of
these fatawa are taken are based on principle juristic principles.
So they're not out of nowhere. They come from something that can
always be tied, eventually back to an IF or to have the profits of
the law.
Okay, that's the nature of sacred law. So abrogation allows people
to adjust to new prescriptions and prescriptions, like growing in
their faith. Remember a mother Ayesha? She said that if adultery
and y are prohibited early and Mecca, very very few people would
become Muslim.
Now, the Quran itself refers to its abrogate of aspect.
So this idea of abrogation is not purely a scholastic
idea that doesn't have a basis in the Koran.
Paya number 106 of a backlog is the fundamental idea that
establishes and does
the last part of what Allah says, Man then sathnam item potency, DB
failing min Oh, literally. And I'm to Allah and Allah I appreciate.
But then last, right, that none of our verses, do we cancel or cause
to be forgotten, except that we bring in its place something
better, we're similar.
Don't you know that Allah has power over all things?
And then 16 101 Sort of, I wonder what, what either, but then I
attended the Canada I am. Wala who I will be my unit zero
in the Enter booster, but ExoPlayer
that when we replace one iron for another iron, and Allah knows best
what He is revealing. They say you're a forger. Or you're just
making this up. This
is what people say today. Oh, he's making this up as you're going
along an excellent level. But the majority of them, they don't
understand the wisdom behind the progressive revelation.
The spirit has to be willing, this is the problem when you have an
Islamic revolution in a country where people are
dancing in clubs, and drinking alcohol and other shy everywhere.
You have to be patient with people, then you start having
things like prayer police walking around, right?
So that the spirit has to be willing, it's a this is how the
Sahaba were trained. The Sahaba were trained gradually,
progressively.
There's wisdom that we should remember that oftentimes we are
brothers, I go overseas
for you know, two or three years. And they come back with a lot of
knowledge. But then they start reviving their parents. Oh, my
dad, you know, he missed the sunnah or doesn't have a beer or
something. You know, what a fast step and you start getting into
debates with their parents.
We have to be patient with people we can reach out to especially
with parents.
years later, the same young brothers it's back. My dad had so
much wisdom. It shouldn't have disrespected him so much. He
didn't have a lot of religious knowledge, but wisdom right as he
said, cannot be attained through study only through
page
1339 of the
younger law Omega shot you thought that when you fit a lot cancels
what he wants and establishes what he wants.
So I begin to now get put into a couple of integrity to begin with
him had to attend to them when they get to Russell Lumina yet to
superfinal taharah he had put over
the Quran is described as scrolls in the scrolls are different books
that are made Correct. Who would take him up? By saying, What does
Allah describe the Quran as to what books books need? Correct?
So the right I'm gonna say here, that the meaning of this Willow is
that the Poron contains the essential teachings, the correct
teachings of the Torah and EG, and there's
these books, the essence of these books, is captured in the Koran,
and that the shadow aspect of those books has been abrogated. So
there's no more * based on what Deuteronomy says, You don't
appeal to Jewish law, the shadow aspect of Jewish law is abrogated.
And this is called supersessionism.
By this idea, it's a Christian idea. The Old Testament covenant
is abrogated by the New Testament. This was standard Christianity,
that the covenant that God made with money aside or not, Sinai, is
cancelled, because they failed to uphold it. It was a Tuesday was a
two way street. And because many distraught you failed to uphold
the covenant that we thought of videos in Hebrew, Allah subhanho
wa Taala extracted is grace from the
endgame into another nation. This is indicated also the New
Testament esigning Salam, according to Matthew, it says the
Kingdom of God, which is an expression of meaning prophecy,
shall be taken away from you, and given to a nation that bears the
proper fruit.
So this was standard Christianity. This is definitely what Paul
believes and writes in the New Testament.
But
the Catholic Church had
a council in the 60s, called the Vatican to making 62 to 65 or
there abouts where they made major statements. One of the statements
they made was that Krishna Catholics can now have interfaith
dialogue with Muslims. It was impermissible before that time. I
met a Catholic a few weeks ago.
Old lady, she told me I remember a time when it was impermissible for
me to walk into a mosque.
Before the 60s was impermissible, the Prophet sallallahu Sallam had
Christians come into his masjid. And they will not interfere in the
dialogue. Another thing that the church did during that council
Vatican two is that they apologized to the Jews for blaming
them for deicide or killing God.
And the Vatican was one of the first governments and it's a
government called the people state. So the first states to
endorse Hitler's government.
They also
declared that the Jewish covenant is now valid.
Right, so the so called Dual Covenant Theology, so they sort of
revoked this idea that the Jewish covenant is meant to abrogate now
official Catholic doctrine is that if you're a practicing Jew, even
though you might hear about Eastside a salon, be presented
with the gospel, and you reject it, you're not a Catholic. As long
as you stay committed to Judaism, you'll go to heaven. This is not a
Catholic position.
Okay, so.
So,
beliefs articles of faith, fundamental principles of law
narrative, spiritual profit, illogical theological verities are
not subject to that's nuts are not subject in us.
Suki also mentioned it was funny there's a very good book on the
sizes of the Quran if you want something in addition to been done
by a South Asian scholar named Mufti Mohammed Smalley.
It's called an approach to the sciences of the Quran is
translated in English. Very good. I teach from it as a tutor
where he actually goes into some examples from the Bible of NUS.
So this is not a it Muslim concept.
So you have what's known as what he calls inter scriptural
abrogation, inter scriptural meaning one scripture abrogates
another. In other words, the New Testament abrogates, the Old
Testament, or the Koran abrogates the Torah.
And then you have interest ritual interest within a interest
scriptural abrogation
is when the New Testament in many instances
abrogates itself.
And we find that, for example, in Matthew chapter 10, Jesus tells
the how water you enter, you got into any Gentile land, with the
talents of Samaria, Enter ye not a good rather than for the lost
sheep of the house of Israel. Matthew 15. Think not that have
come. Matthew 15. He says
that I was only sent to the last week to the house of Israel. So in
other words, he's only he's talking to how are you? Only to go
only to go to Jewish homes with the NG don't go to non Jews. When
in Matthew 28, he says go into all nations. Why is that? Because now
the teaching is complete. It's a progressive revelation.
Now they have the full gospel.
So it seems like a contradiction because a way to explain it to us.
The irony is oftentimes, Christians will point to things in
the Koran.
And we'll explain it through the lens of NUS. And they'll say, Oh,
that's very convenient cover up. They have the same concept in
their text.
You have this an example of the New Testament abrogate the Old
Testament,
in Jewish law.
And then in divorces why for any reason, anytime he wants, he can
just write a letter to repudiate his wife, no problem and marry
somebody else.
He saw this and apparently says in Matthew 19, that you can only do
that if your wife is guilty of pornea, which is the Greek word
which is where we get the word * from *. Ayyad means
adultery. Only if she commits adultery, can you divorce your
wife? So in this sense, what he's doing is he's making it more
strict. This is called Tish deed, right? To steed.
So when it comes to nuskin, you have tayseer in case you need
to see a means to ameliorate something, make it easier,
make it easier. And this idea is in the Quran was actually a
statement attributed to the scientists and up in the Koran.
I remember 50 Where esigning salaam says what was something
funny about being in a coal rock, what he worshiped in the combat
and that you read my article, I confirm the Torah. But I also make
how some of the things that were hot out
it's gonna taste you making things easier for people. Right? This is
a function of NUS
but also tissue EEG
intensification to make things more stringent
like what it says in Matthew about divorce
it's it's under the rubric of lesson. There's different types of
loss. One might even describe us as
a refinement of a previous Island. And that seems to be how even
Tamia is using it. We'll talk about all of these things. So so
even dad gave a dad substitution replacement is under the rubric of
less than or equal pod. Total cancellation is under the rubric
of nursing. Tastes you amelioration, making things
easier. Tissue deed making things harder.
Okay.
So, a few terms here. The abrogating verse in Arabic is
called Nassif, Nassif. That's the verb. That's the verse that's
abrogating. The abrogated diverse cancelled verbs with a refined
diversity will is called Min Soo. So these are active and passive
partisan fighting method. Nassif minzu.
The classic example.
Let's talk about
the classic example of necessity
is the graduate prohibition of alcohol.
So you have mdsap I have 43
Last time mortality This is a lengthy iron. Yeah, you're going
to need a lotta trouble Salah sukar
Chapter
All you believe.
Don't approach the prayer while you are intoxicated until you can
understand what you're saying.
A short time later, you have to 19 and Bacara revealed to the Prophet
sallallahu sallam, which is now making a moral argument against
alcohol.
That summer in Mesa. So alcohol and gambling, it says is mobile
industry but
the harm of them is more than their benefits.
This is now an argument we're on the road to NUS.
And then Matt ADA is number 9590.
about
alcohol and gambling fudge, Honey Boo Boo, Richie something
administrator, fetch candy boo, they are an abomination of Satan's
handiwork shun them completely
so how do we know about this? What is it based on? It's based on
reliable reports
from the prophets and Lysander in the companion
similar to how estado Mizzou was was known. There's also an element
of HDR from the scholars.
It's good to be with the majority you have the light the gender, the
protection of gods but the majority of the talk about four
classes of abrogation
for classes we have come on abrogating.
Like the wine example, the alcohol itself
on abrogating
all classical scholars believe in intro, Quranic abrogation.
The difference of opinion, again, is the extent or scope of the
abrogation in the form. There's always a difference of opinion
about everything except the three questions in your grave.
That's why that's the wisdom of the three questions. There's only
one answer to each question.
Lindelof?
Who is more than that? The Who? Who is your prophet? Matthew? What
is your religion?
So you're not gonna be asked Matt, Matt happened. Man shaved who got
mad Teddy Teddy who got
these questions
in there, they facilitate our understanding of our more in the
profit in that religion. But there's more than one answer for
those questions. These three there's one answer knowing or not.
So
according to security, abrogation happens 90 times and that's it
19 times some REITs Realty differently take no means 21
But
according to the translation of the current
19 times
more modern scholar Shalini EULA Indian scholar died 1762
He says it's only actually five times
we'll talk about why this is doing some opinion here
in a minute, but basically wouldn't even take me up the
Senate use the word pneus very broadly, to celebrate the early
Muslims
when they say this is monsoon
they really bet that this idea has been refined by a number not
absolutely nullified.
Right? That's how they're using it. I love the later scholars,
when they say just they tend to need absolute glorification.
Give me an example. In Emraan one or two Allah subhanaw taala says
yeah, you really need it up Allah Tata to potty or you will believe
to your Allah as he has the right to be feared.
So let's hop over saying how can we fear Allah as is his right. So
the ayah was revealed
through the 64
verse number 16, from Topo la Mr. Tao
fear Allah as much as you can.
So Is there really an abrogation happening here?
The goal is the same fear Allah as is the right of Allah so kinda
what the goal remains
But the method
is now revealed. So there's a refinement of how to get to the
goal. How do we have the fear alone in other words, as this is
right, by fearing as much as you can.
So the seller did not mean absolute vilification.
Or if you look at what you know Suzy says it is
mentioned this last week also about the verse in the Quran and
Batara 190
Or Allah says Makati Luffy is a BB legale in your party look at what
I try to do in the life of a crippled word Teddy. Find those
who are finding you
but do not go to extremes a lot does not love extremists. chapter
two verses one nine you won't see what he says. This idea is
abrogated the first part of October, but I don't label this
that you know, a declaration of immunity by Allah and His
Messenger breaking all covenants with machine King attack the
machine again wherever you find them. Right. So what he means by
that, is that the first part of Toba abrogates that versatile
apart off in its immediate context,
right? It's not indefinitely abrogated
fight those who are fighting you, okay, and I can fight them off,
right one
is not on the Earth.
Even if there's abrogation. There's a
lot of times there's a very fast, very specific context to that
abrogation. That's not a blanket abrogation.
These things take a lot of HD.
They take knowledge of Hadith knowledge of Syrah
technology to see you
but it's not the simple you know, okay, whatever is in Medina
abrogates Mecca No,
that's how a lot of kuffaar present nuskin the Quran.
So one of the last
sources to be revealed was October. So it's Oh Toba, which
describes the rules of engagement, what to do with it, people commit
Seanna against the little polity. Oh, that's the sort of wisdoms
going back in history doesn't bear that out. When Muslims were going
into different lands, they didn't, you know, just slaughter everyone
wholesale. There's no evidence of that in North Africa. People
willingly became Muslim. You don't even admit this. There's a book
called answering Islam. There was the website was a book written in
the early 90s by Norman Geisler, a big, anti Muslim polemicist, and
his ghost writer up to Sunday, he says that he has a spread in Abu
Salim was a former Muslim, absolutely disliked the cross. But
he probably doesn't exist. Obviously, that's probably a
figment of bachelors imagination. A lot of these Christian dies in
order to sort of bolster their work.
They sort of make up some this.
So he knows what he's talking about. Anyway, he sent them that
book that many, many Christians in North Africa, willingly accepted
Islam, because of Islam stress on brotherhood, and low taxes. That's
what he says in that book.
Because there's no historical evidence of wholesale bloodshed of
invading Muslim armies.
You take the largest Muslim country, Indonesia,
882 jar that also a traders, traders. So like Trader Joe's
tagit.
Merchants, take merchants, they weapon to Indonesia. And they just
showed good character.
And they have to literally was in Indonesia, a Muslim soldier never
stepped foot on the soil of Indonesia.
People can't explain, also the debate one time in America with a
guy named Lakota and he said his argument was people in America
because I said 20,000 People in America become Muslim. And it's
not due to immigration. I'm talking about black Americans,
white Americans, Latino Americans. And he said, Well, that's because
it's almost spread by the sword.
Who has a gun to these people's heads?
So walk around from behind the podium and you'd see a weapon on
me and I turned around and I said I must have left it outside next
to my camel. That's double parked, right?
And it's just nonsensical. It deserves to be ridiculed when they
say another argument is men become Muslim in America because they
want to practice polygamy.
How many Muslims do not in America are a muslim men in America do you
know that?
More than one way. Certainly that's not a major factor why
people becoming Muslim don't want to admit people become Muslim
because they believe it's true.
We're constantly
releasing
any
okay. So on abrogating Quran is one class of application
but very limited
then you have on on abrogating sadhana
for example. And sunnah is not just happy, it's authenticated,
happy. The normative practice of the Prophet is Swinburne, we
believe the Swindon, there's some people conflate the two. And so
how do you you know, some of them are weak, of course, some of them
are weak, some of them are, are forged, he'd have a mobile app,
even though Josie has a whole book on forged it. So, these
are the similar type of informative
the agreed upon ethos, the agreed upon normative practice of the
Prophet Solomon. So, this practice was to follow added kitap
Against The Machine, when there was no a command from Allah. So,
you will face they will notice first All right, if you face
Jerusalem, and then the I was revealed to them on on 144
to face mecca for what the machaca shot to the Masjid Al haram, turn
your face towards the Inviolable ones
for about abrogating sooner.
Then you have the controversial classification,
which not agreed upon sunder abrogating Quran
the Hannity's believe it's possible. The Maliki's believe as
possible in the shower the Japanese if you will also believe
it's possible that sooner to abrogate the Koran
but only sooner that is considered to be tomato multiple attested.
And the proof texts of the Act enough is sort of legend. 1
million people adding power the Prophet never speaks from power
in what
everything he says is why. So if we know if it's multiplied, tested
that this is definitely what he said.
It's a hadith as if it's still something he said and it's why.
So it's possible for convulsively attested it to abrogate something
in the Quran. Of course, the Hanafis the Maliki's in the Shia.
The chef Aires denied this and sort of different values. Imam
Shafi position was the Sunnah is never as strong as the Koran.
And he points to an eye and
so the unis either 50 with a machete key income to the prophesy
settler. And they say this isn't good or odd but changing a little
bit.
Is the mayor called the angle but the law is not for me to change
anything.
So this is proof text, that no sooner no matter how strong
and abrogate
and there's a difference of opinion as to what you want to
check is actually actual opinion was that he just believe it's not
possible or did he believe that it never just occurred?
So that's a controversial one. So navigating,
then you have some doubt abrogating sadhana which is
agreed upon, you might have 40 Hadith on one issued.
To give you a good example, that says do not go to graveyards.
Another Hadith that says go to graveyards.
Right, so if one isn't initiated in the sciences of Hadith,
one to make grave errors in deriving rulings from Hadith. So
these sound six books mahadi Muslim, we have them in our homes
for Baraka. We can read them,
but don't extract legal rulings from them. That's where the Orlova
that's what they were written for. That was the intention of the
mobile hottie to write these things for hula know how to deal
with them.
So
how do we deal with the graveyards issue? Well, initially, the
profits of the money so
deeply impermissible for this hobby to go to graveyards, because
many of them would go there and worship their ancestors.
So they're coming out of jail. Right? So he's weaning them off of
that. So it's forbidden, you're not go and then in the medieval
period,
what they're established is Toki. Now it's permissible. Go to the
graveyard
pray for the dead recycler on for that and then the document these
excesses don't circumambulate them don't grab them and use them and
rub them
these types of things don't pray no power towards them
please wean them off this is the wisdom behind abrogation
another example of
yeah that's
it
okay. So, he said according to the according to the definition of
mescaline, the definition of the Salah later scholars
that is absolute
absolute negation.
So, UT says it happens 19 times?
In the Quran we have this will help me do that tilava This whole
I'll hook me to 19 hour the other an abrogation of the legal ruling
without its recited it.
So, other words, the eye is still recited, but the legal ruling has
been fabricated.
For example, the verse about why 443
letter code was set out to support don't come to the prayer while
you're intoxicated.
Now, that doesn't mean that the ayah has no meaning anymore.
Nor does it set the volume above
there's an exoteric meaning to the Koran can be so Tarik meaning.
My Jaffa sada who is a mom about a sunnah. He said every verse of the
Quran has four layers of meaning. He called them out the fall. He
shot off law if an hockomock the expression
the illusions, illusions, the subtleties and the realities. The
retina would argue here sukar Robbins intoxicated, but there's
different meanings.
It could mean distracted,
or coaches or prayer while distracted. So we've talked about
thus we're talking about the esoteric meaning has been lifted.
The very clear, apparent meaning don't come to the prayer,
intoxicated on wine. That's clear. But there's other meanings that
are there. They're esoteric in nature.
You know, in other words, material but don't be in toxic with dunya
with worry with despair.
Right. Get that out of your mind and then come to the grip.
So there is a meeting that still there's an esoteric meeting.
That's good for all time.
Just to make that clear, as well.
So as we said before, it's a definition of Dustin
we'll see what he says on yours.
90 Or so I have to report on that or abrogate trouble you will not.
He said that happens only five times. And none of the five times
that show with the EULA.
demonstrates has anything to do with
the lack of a debrief.
Or that I have to save abrogates
the verse of the sword abrogates any of the so called peaceful
verses of the Quran.
Now others disagree and say there's no application in the
forum.
Content there actually no sound reports on this issue at all. More
modern is a more modern opinion. Right. The trend nowadays is sort
of to downplay this. So say back met
the founder of the nega University in India. He did not believe
there's a prediction in the form of
how Hamid Abu Rasheeda here blah. Egyptian reformists are called Neo
Where does he live proto Salafi whatever. People refer to them.
They did not affirm abrogation in the bottom number does he like
position is that there is no obligation. So what does it like?
Either
Muslim like it's funny.
It's funny. You said that there's no there's no intro or UnYk
application. The Quran does not abrogate itself. There's only
interest scripture, abrogation, meaning the Quran abrogates the
act, the Torah add.
Some would say that these are not really applications, they're more
specifications.
One verse explains another in more detail or according to special
circumstances. So going back to the wine example. 590 says wine is
forbidden.
Okay. 443 says, But you know, if you happen to get drunk, then just
don't come to the prayer and then muster.
The two 192 to 90 says there's some benefit of alcohol, so you
can't use that as an excuse for moderate drinking. So really,
there's no abrogation here.
Or specifications.
Yeah, so you do have
the honorable mention, you have abrogation of the recited verse
with its legal ruling. But there's only one example they can think
of. Apparently, it's like it was from Aisha reveals, says that
there was a verse that dealt with something like 10 Somethings that
make a marriage impermissible than it was then was reduced to five
it's a very enigmatic statement she's making, but apparently there
wasn't I like that a double of 10 sucklings and validate American
that's no longer recited in the forearm and the legal ruling is no
longer applied.
But some would say that this report is story is
or words that refer to
something that is related to the action of the Quran learning have
synonyms in some Surah Sua
is that for example, that the last half of the road he says what to
call on Japan Castlefield lanforge and so
forth is a impulsive is whoa to sin. So this could have been
a form that was revealed to the Prophet so the highest
in order to facilitate understanding a certain era try
that didn't use another the other word.
But over time, that that version of the eye if you will,
just fell out of use, it wasn't able to recite it anymore. So that
says it was forgotten.
Or they went on to say that that moon see had is really referring
to the previous record.
We don't have authentic scriptures of the Torah. So Allah replace
them with the Quran. Something better or similar.
Was the majority of
the morning majority opinion is that the Sunday is that there's
definitely an aggregated aspect in
the Quran
does abrogate certain africat within itself.
That's across the board from classical scholars. The modern
trend denies that and that's based on you know, that's based on
scholarship and that's something
to take him seriously.
But the real difference of opinion amongst the setup was the extent
of application
How often does this happen?
Yeah
besides the 632 combinations of
any other priors, that the meaning the general meaning is agreed
upon, like,
no one can say,
is there any other items? Yeah, the IFP Tisha behind.
So, verses in the Koran that
that have theological implications?
Or is that seem to present?
Almost Allah Subhan Allah to Allah as having the qualities of
creation using words that
may conjure up physical images
to let us know
that he is the word the harsh
what does that mean? Somebody asks people now think about that.
Right? Do we go into that bit in between? So it's not one of the
things that is still up is do looses to sit? And Arash one of
the things of arches
footstool or bench or chair
so American Illmatic and he said, What does it destroy archery? It
was sort of a proto anthropomorphised and ethical war
for someone who believes that God has body parts. He's in space and
matter.
So in America, he said, it's still not at all the verb is the wise in
the forearm, there's no doubt
that he said, Casey so who is
that how is it still out? It's beyond your
comprehension
was so I'm going to ask him about it is innovation.
So nobody really knows what that means.
And the tendency of the sub f was to leave the meeting to God it's
called tough wield. Allah knows what it means. Whatever it is,
whatever it is becoming of His greatness, and majesty,
love Island laser identification. And they even they wouldn't call
it
the 100 such as Word comment on these things, because you have
other muscle groups saying deviant things about these ions.
So the shabby had
the Quran says that however, the verses are that are easily
understood there will be time there the essence of the world. So
if you even the translation you'll get the essence of the Quranic of
the Quran teaching for the work
are there any is there any verses in the Quran right now that we
still don't know the meaning to? Of course Yeah.
Yeah.
I mean,
I mean that same
scene Yes. replies to that. I mean, they're they're tough SEO
for every item
with the with the if that are too shabby, either obscure or
theological? multi-dimensional
These are certainly
these are certainly open to further inquiry.
Are the big a number I guess is my question.
No.
And again, the
the essence of the text.
So those are easily understood. Even with shabby hot
reader.
The TV a good to see you're on. It's pretty clear what apparently,
you're saying. But the point is a universal scripture is good for
all time.
So that's the point of modern FCM is to make the plot relevant
for
different audiences.
Say he said there were nine innovations. And
none. It didn't because they did the same thing differently. Your
interpretation different reading the same thing. Right. So
how do they justify rationalize night?
Yeah, it's all about how you define us.
So
this isn't really abrogation. It's not
A total modification.
It's a different way of explaining the previous item, the refinement
of the item.
So they didn't like that idea of the coffin of total cancellation
of
the episode I will say that definitely doesn't happen. Wine
was
permitted at one point that it was made
well, we'll come back next week in Charlotte, there's more questions
about this topic and then we'll start to see.
Sale
of sales is usually translated as
ironic commentary or exegesis to Jesus is a Greek word, meaning to
draw something out of the text
of series from facade, the facade which means to explain or to
interpret something.
definition of the word tafsir is given by Imam Azhar Kashi,
he says global ufpb Flatworld keytab indebtedness is says tafsir
is a knowledge by which is known,
the found the comprehension of the revealed book of God, knowledge by
which is known the comprehension of the revealed book of God. I
learned
a lot
on this Prophet Muhammad,
but by
well by
the army
and the explication of its meanings are stiff, Raju can maybe
work me
as well as the extraction of its rulings and Maxim's so again,
knowledge by which is known.
We can comprehension of the revealed book of God upon His
Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him and explication of its meanings,
as well as the extraction or deduction of its rulings. And
Maxim's or Eagle saying, Sorry, wisdom saying the word of SEO is
in the Quran itself. So that's before calm. Chapter 25 Verse 33,
well, I told NACA, the method Illa NACA been happening, what Aksana
Tafseer.
This is a quick word.
Another word that's used is tent wave.
So tech wave is also used for onic commentary, we, from the root out
whether a weather which means to find the source of something.
And the word Tech Lead isn't the product. Well, my animal we level
in a lot of us, including theory, for example, so that the Iran and
Iran I remember seven some of the other let's say that tafseer the
top leaders are interchangeable are synonymous.
Some of the earnest say that Tafseer refers to the explication
of individual words of the Quran.
It's more like a lexicon
we say
like lexical analysis tafsir it is the explication of individual
words, what is COFA? What is full add? What is that we would like
that, while we'll
looks at sentences and phrases and words in context, and there are
different opinions as to what tafsir when we first opinion in
they mean exactly the same thing. Another opinion is tough see, it
is more like lexical analysis of individual words was tap wheel
refers to meanings of sentences and phrases or words in context. A
third opinion is that Tafseer explains all of the Kenny math of
the Koran all of the words but all of the words mean individual
words, sentences, phrase, everything was Tet. We'll
is an explanation of the about the lessons,
the lessons of the Quran, but the overarching lesson.
That's another opinion.
So you know, calcium would be the breaking down in linguistics, the
grammar, the rhetoric, looking at how do you have this story who
sideways down, but then what does that mean? What's the lesson
behind it?
Another opinion is that tafsir deals with the exoteric meanings
of the Quran the apparent meanings of the Quran
so the thought
Do you need to draw out what is on the VA what is on the apparent
right or as we say in sort of Middle Eastern countries Zaha,
Zaha and Bottom?
Bottom, so, then we'll is the esoteric or mystical meanings of
the
one in four are the bottom level of analysis, which can unlock. For
example, he uses the example of Musa alayhis salam at the Sharjah,
Allah told him if Latin Ali, take off your sandals, as it says that
phrase as a bar as a bargaining meeting and aborting the meeting.
So one is taken from tough season one is called tough see the tough
series? What does it mean, Please take off your sandals, he took off
his physical setup. That's
the very beginning is what do the sandals sort of represent? And as
Ali says, the left sandal is the dunya on the right side or is the
opera. So that's kind of what the other wants loose, at least not to
think about either about don't think about consequences in the
dunya don't even think about reward in the opera. Just
concentrate on me.
Think about
what
a ladder is called technique
of series a bit narrower definition it remains a bit more
broad analysis of the same things. Yeah.
In some respects
Yeah. Another way to think about this and this isn't akin to the
last definition, that Tafseer is an explanation of the climax of
the
book and that means verses that are very easily understood if that
are very easily understood on their on their face, even in
translation or as we is an explanation of the motor shabby
hat and these two terms are also in the
same if I'm wrong, I am present. Welcome back to keytab Shadi.
Okay, so it depends on the scholar. Probably the most popular
is that
from the setup, that they're interchangeable, later scholars
would say that the outer dimension of the Quran is Tafseer of the
inner dimension
there are two main approaches to Tafseer
two main approaches
the first is called a tafsir and Lili tafsir attack Li Li
means analytical exegesis, analytical exegesis or analytical
Tafseer.
This is by an exigent a Mufasa. So the is some fact of fissara you
facil tafseer or Mufasa with Foster is the commentator.
The commentator goes verse by verse,
verse by verse commentating on the Quran, this is not a Tafseer
activity.
And we'll talk about what how he does that. What does he do?
Those are the types of traps. But the second main approach is called
a TFC and Alamo Dory, a tafsir mode more or as we say again,
bozhou Mozu. Enforcing subject
or theme, to thematic Tafseer
thematic So here, the exigent, the Mufasa is not going verse by
verse. He's looking at things. So he's trying, for example, what
does the Quran say about Al Anbiya?
So he's only commenting on MDF. What's the support bond say about
this versus I deal with have legalistic input versus that what
does the Quran say about theology? Arpita versus
there's no glory.
Okay, now, there are also three types of Tafseer. So there are two
approaches, these two actually are no Dory. But then how do you do
Tafseer three types.
The first type is called tafsir. The rewire
to see building wire is also called Tafseer. They thought, Man
I thought from
afar, so tafsir by transmission
by transmission, or Tosia, by and down traditions.
This is considered the best, this type of Tafseer and there's four
levels to this type of testing. But we'll hold off on the four
levels for now. Let's go to the
Second type of tafsir. The second type of tafsir is called tafsir.
The Latin, the Latin are called the deerupt DARIAH tosylate
DARIAH.
So tafsir by qualified opinion
tafsir by qualified opinion so just to back up a little bit,
there's two main approaches to tafsir
Tasha Levy and Midori
analytical verse by verse and Midori thematic. First by versus
going verse by verse thematic is just commenting on the verses that
have a specific theme.
But how do we do these two approaches with three types of
Tafseer, either by tested memory via by transmission, which we'll
talk about Java, or the right IE, a qualified Indian, any three inch
jihad, rigorous scholarship,
or ishara.
Like indication.
These are the three types of tests that are a while also called
the rocky also called the DARIAH. Or the MAP rule, like intellect
and then did a shot like indication.
If any of you just read in one of these three, or when the person is
going to say, you will change depending on because this is a way
to do mix and match. So any input that you read up to see there's a
mix. Usually, there are some authors that are very mystically
inclined, so they're not dealing with ASCAP, but you want to go to
these
tafsir is really focused on pacap legal rulings, but like even
Ijeoma
is all it's all mystical, really sharp.
So what is the Nishad? Let's start at the bottom, you shot up
mystical exegesis, a type of tech lead, right?
Where the exegete will intuit the meanings. You will intuit the
meaning. If this happened, this could happen to a a regular person
from the outline, that Allah will give him in home. Right. But
before a regular person, it's more of a personal Theophany. It's for
that person.
The person has an experience of a lot of it's mediated by the text.
For example, Senator Obama, we talked about this last night, when
he heard ta he felt as if before I'm speaking to him, a lot of
people convert like this, by the way, they read the Quran in the
wild This is it feels like oh my God is speaking to me.
So, one must not be definitive because one is not an expert.
Right? But it's possible that someone can intuit a personal
meaning from the Quran that Allah is communicating to that person.
If the word of it to it these meanings and they can communicate
them, but they also must not be definitive.
Because this is really sharp. It's not necessarily that we've done
that in our textual that's why this is somewhat tenuous type of
Tafseer.
Right, so different run about rejected.
Now let's go to traceability via the first type
of syndrome we wire up the seal by transmission, and there are four
grades of this. For grades the top grade is to sin of the Quran, with
the Quran
to save the Quran with the bottom note Allah subhana wa Tada takes
to see them as honorable.
This happens quite often in the Quran and accordion and Acharya on
the ADRA Coronavirus.
And then yo yo going last okay Faraj at the party what is the
political will explain to you that a lot answers is a day when
humanity will be like scattered moths.
Woohoo, how we met at the Rock event here is how we are now
having
a Lost Planet Allah answers answers his own question, so to
speak.
A lot of comments, right? Or another example. Similar to hi and
number three, sort of 44 I have three in the natural flavor to
probiotics.
We sent it down on a blessed night. What does this bus at night
look at? Sort of layered on top of it number one.
layer two. What is his blessing night later? Because
that's the dominant picture is there is an opinion of the first
layer is
the system first Shabbat is the opinion of the month. I was
even here there's not consensus.
This is generally sorted.
This type of stuff see
another example.
And this is one that is interesting that allows final
analysis in a Serato study, He tells us to ask him, if he had
done this to show really the guy literally to show show us this
great app.
And the word sealed off in Arabic. If you look it up in the hands of
our dictionary or any other dictionary, here's no plural, of
sit off is very unusual. I can't even think of another word. Except
that we're about.
Like Seville also means path. But you'd have someone there's a
plural slot, there's only one set up.
So if you look at surah number six is 153. And there's another
reference to the slaughter as well. I've never had a sorority
Mr. Payment for me.
This is my straight path. So follow it. Right. Now the verb
that Allah uses in this I have is a tobacco in tobacco sort of form
a verb is to follow. To keep that in mind. Now we move to Sudha
number three, verse 31. What include toolkit Boon Allah sector,
the Rooney,
Allah tells the prophets of the Life Center, say if you love a lot
you have to have at back of me.
And then also sort of seven and levena yet Tammy oh no Rasul that,
those who have a tea back of the Rasul. So, the first is says, We
must follow the straight path, the second ISS, we must follow the
Prophet. Therefore, the straight path is the prophet
the Salafi must study is the Sunnah of the Prophet. So this is
how people will deduce this meaning.
That's why there's only a singular setup. There's only one prophets
so we have to be familiar with the language of the
maybe more
easier example.
So I'll tell Latina and untidy
right, the path of those who do not favorite
so then who are these favorite people? That's obviously an Fatiha
is six and seven.
If you look at sort of Lisa I 69
will make your level of Rasulullah for Hola. Hola. Hola.
Hola. Hola, Nina and Amanda will it be enough? Lena will shoot in
Saudi free la hasta la Ignacio.
Then using the same phraseology, Allah tells us who are those who
have the naira of Allah upon the prophets, right? truthful people
martyrs in the rightness
another example inserted belcarra i a 37
out of it Sana
Allah tells us about added on a sunnah subtle enough pa add
Marathi eat and he mentioned the turbo
that Allah taught Adam certain words, and Adam recited them, like
Tana And even God relented towards him or forgave him.
But he doesn't tell us what these words are. But if you keep reading
the Quran was an hour off. I had only three
Adam at least Anna and his wife since
then, and he limped off with a hammer lender lender to lend me
not for city or Lord we like transgressor against our own self,
if you don't show mercy to us, so forgive us will be from the last
month. So they're gonna say these are the words that allow us
to zero with the Quran.
Another aspect of this is to look at the context of an ayah under
study what came before and after.
So for example, last final analysis and so looking at
sort of 33 Verse 33 didn't allow you to level up bankable riches or
land date when you talk beautiful to Allah only wants to remove
every type of stain from you, oh people of the house and to render
you pure and spotless. So then the question is, who are the adipate?
Right? There's a contention between a sauna and a Shia who are
going to take
this you aren't maintained at a date, or only five people is what
angle Kisa
10 standard POC,
the process of the ICER email, hustling, hustling presents often
As soon as will say, look at the context of this is what came
before and what came after the previous IP addresses. The women
of the Prophet SAW device of directly aligned together Nisa and
maybe less to look at I didn't mean and Lisa, then you have this
idea. Then after this ayah Allah subhanaw taala he says what
cotinine What corner, man, good luck. Cebu, UT Kunta is all seven.
And you all recite of what has been revealed to you in your homes
couldn't nap feminine plural. You have a seminar for you, you have
the added papers here as feminine plural here.
So they went on to say the context suggests that definitely, the
wives of the prophets have a body set up from that date.
Right.
But I think they also contains male members.
We will talk later, according to hero, home means men and women. So
obviously, there's men and so this includes it in the same
set of promises.
The URL will also look at, because I think they the phrase appears
three times in the Quran.
And sunnah good for 72 and 73.
The angels bring news of the birth of this holiday,
to Saddam, right. And then she says I knew and I chose a luchador
battery shape of the shape. I'm going to have a son and an old
woman, my husband's 100 years old, this is straight, and the angels
attack and even the umbrella, rational tulagi wabarakatu, early
called Lead date,
attack Jabeen. This is a feminine verb, second feminine singular, if
you would parse the verb speaking directly to Socrates and then
refer to her and her husband as acting.
The third place where it occurs is social cost us chapter 28 Verse
12, and Musa alayhis salam is not nursing from anyone from any of
the nurses of the house of fit out. So the the sister of Musa de
Sena, whose name is Maria
she comes to ossia and she says, I don't know either I left Dayton
yet get Faloona should I point you towards the people of a house that
will nurse him is obviously referring to women.
So this is auto sales put up with
as many examples of this. I'll spare you more examples here.
Let's move on to the second grade. The second highest rate of
suitability why so you've tested build rewire interfere by
transmission? The best type of that is to zero Quran was the
second best type is toughsystem Quran with the with the Sunnah of
the Prophet, some bison, right? As soon as that to fulfill
the Sunnah explained it speaks Tafseer of the Quran. This is this
is very apparent from the Quran itself. The idea that
theory that we don't need to follow something that just follow
doesn't make any sense. It's untenable.
And also ut in the economy has this long list of this type of
Tafseer is sunnah.
One example he gives a classic example. So it's a doctor I 187
says what could or should not do have yet to be in a little bit
more hate when young men are hating us one minute the fragile.
So eat and drink was talking about fasting, eat,
eating and then starting your fast eat and drink until the white
thread appears that distinct from the black thread. There is a
companion of the Prophet, I think if you had to, who took a black
piece of string and a white piece of string, and you put it on his
pillow, and he was eating, and the sun was rising. And when he could
distinguish the light from the black he stopped beating.
And he said this is a prophet, somebody said a promise of advice
and he said you've you're too literal.
So what it means is eat and drink to the white thread of the Dawn
appears distinct from the black thread of the night. So the
processor himself is explaining the meaning. Like a serial port on
this
bill had the sound
but they take his words literally. And that's a good practice. Take
it literally unless there's a reason to go to a jazz or
figurative like the province alumni some said about his wife.
The first wife to die after me is the one is the one with the
longest one
each. So immediately the wife stood and measured their arms. The
longest was soda.
But Zeynep died first. And they understood what he meant by that
because she was mistaking. She was the mother of the poor people she
was known for just getting everything out. The longest reach
meant the one who was the most charitable.
Okay.
Another example of this type of Tafseer of Quran, the Sunnah,
going back to the Atlas papers, right? 3333 Activate. There's a
hadith.
Related in, I believe it's an Cavani.
The Prophet sallallahu Sallam isn't in the Senate that one of
his wives, and there's a knock on the door. And as far as that she's
holding some dessert or something. So the process, somebody spreads
out a sheet on the ground, they sit on this eat.
And then after some time, he says, oh, go call your husband and
summons it the same.
So they all come in eating on the sheet, the profit supervisor, when
they're done, he picks up the sheet, and he throws it over the
five of them.
Right. And the aroma, say, this is the separable nozzle of this I
didn't allow you read a lot of us, when we used to use a puma bridge
the athletic, we took a look into to allow us remove every type of
state from you, or people of the house and to render your pure and
spotless and the profit somebody somebody says, Allah, Allah have
gladly aggravate,
oh god, this is my added date.
And then the Hadith continues that on cinema, he tried to put her
head underneath the key side, and the profits of the visor is an
antique dealer Halen, like your opening
alarm.
So this is a proof text that she I use, it's sending books.
That method dates are only these five.
A Narrator All of a sudden,
yeah, are the robots and the Sunnah. They say there's no
contradiction here. What the prophets have the license is doing
here is establishing an inner circle, the inner circle of
adequate, which is called XR, he refer to them as an XR or interact
with a party. So there's the interact, which is the essence,
the core of the added date that he ate or activity. And this is also
made manifest in a Sahih Muslim party, or to taburiente, they come
to Xavier. So that is The Hobbit and they asked him point blank are
the wives of the Prophet and activate? He says yes, and saw the
bedroom or baths and then the Jaffa to the Senate to Advanced
Java.
That's the greater activity
did you have the exit off or the five processor
in an acid
so we'd say there's a greater activate and sort of the inner
circle, and she assay these fibers.
And they're also
another example, remember the first we talked about the bucket
off 37 A lot pot Adam words, and then a tab that I laid,
that is hydrated and happy. We did it by setting up a model that
would add a man so that was making Toba and the safest default is
default. And Allah was not relenting towards him.
But then Adam Ma said that he remembered what he saw written on
the onrush of our law, it's a law that you've allowed
is that Allah will be happy Mohammed, a stamp of stuff will
not stop. To Allah I asked me about a write of Muhammad.
Allah asked him where did you learn this name, and Allah knows
better. And he said, when He created me and blew into my
nostrils of Yoda rule, I opened my eyes and that's his name written
on the arch and I knew that he must be very beloved person too.
So then, let's have the ILA. Allah relented towards him is mentioned
a hadith about hacking.
The stronger is a student format with
another example, in our hand that kind of code.
Now, here, co founder, you cannot do tests you have this idea with
boron. Why does anyone know?
When
it's the only mention of COFA is there's only one mention of the
word co thought in the entire telephone plus from Kathy.
Oh, sorry, a sequel to mobile about like something random,
incredibly abundant. Something like overflowing like incredibly,
it's called cocoa.
So it's only the Hadith where he was asked what is telephone
In the office of advice and Naproxen agenda, a river in
paradise, or the MSA,
well they do and other things it doesn't limit goes up only to the
garden because CO thought is something that is
not novel. So they remember saying Goethe is the size of the province
of the
things that are only for him like the river agenda.
And also plotting myself up from the meanings of COFA is faulty as
you said, because of my context is saddled with those of Coco is my
brother making fun of the process Anna is a son's dye and they
called him at the time the one cut off and Allah says the one who
hates you he is uptown and giving you a cosa so from this girl this
female you're going to have an incredible project this is from
his facades is his progeny is from his daughter Fatima
permission would be
God be dealt with by HD high there's some textual proofs for
here there's so many is because it's been rocky the Sony is what
it's based on HD hat they wouldn't consider this is definitely what
it means that she obviously was definitely they're more inclined
towards mystical exegesis but she
and so are the Christians by the way compared to the Jews. The
Christians are very tight we maybe Chava this will be here the Bible
this means Jesus will be crucified the way you
look is if you typology and look into some of these things she are
like that as well.
If you really
just see as a teller teller
it's very shoddy
Okay, so that's the second grade. The third grade of traceability
wire is by the sahaba.
So we're talking about traceability building why
transmission the best is a system for armed with what are the second
best acetyl Quran and Sunnah. The third best associate of Quran with
statements from the Sahaba
and it's
understood that it's either actually coming from the Prophet
somebody, or it's their PhD.
The best of the Sahaba for Kota, but unfortunately we don't have a
lot of Hadith from them. There's a handful of Hadith from Osaka City
say very few Hadith It's very strange. But like I said, he said
I don't want to misquote the promises. So he didn't he didn't
relate to it
but then even as rude as this is strong, even up that's not even
our bass who made even new cap Z sabbat Abu Musa
I shall do
or Hafsa winter promo
again, or the shop only take from
it take from it as often as possible and their quality.
So the fact that like someone like even Massoud isn't a hadith is a
diary for
other faiths.
Because they have a strange athlete that from our perspective,
that many of most of the Sahaba apostate left Islam and this is
not actually mainstream she has.
So we find that unacceptable.
So when companions when the Sahaba learned a sawed off is very
important.
It was not simply related to memorization, they also learned
the Tafseer
for example, guilty it's funny quotes Imam Malik's and author or
Imam Malik says our karma Immanuel Allah has still I still baccara
Canary seen
that it took eight years for a blood and Ermahgerd some sacred
law to memorize the eight years. Why taking so long, but he doesn't
mean just memorizing to learn the meanings of as well. That's what
he's talking about. He learned that obviously the left right the
expression the also the Tafseer behind.
Even if you had mentioned that even miss Ruth says Wanda de la la
valle Gu Man desert I mean keytab Illa Illa Allah will see men
desert
Well, amen as I get that even Mr. Abdullah in this, really
companions of the prophets of Allah, He said by the one, I swear
by the one
about whom there is no other God, a verse or I have never descended
from the book of God except that I knew about whom it descended and
where it is. And the dissimilar statement made by say that
the moment zone Kashi he says that the prophets of Allah Isola he
placed his blessing hand on the chest, even ambassador, Allah whom
I live in, I live at the wheel of Allah give him the tech lead and
really give them a solid means to see if it gives him the Tafseer of
placing his hand on his chest. So I believe it ambass is called
booster serum for our facility for us to do manual Quran.
The exigent of the
interpreter
of that lawsuit he mentions ever sacred Anwar wanted to know the
Tafseer. If he would call up Abdullah bin ambassador was in his
early 20s. Omar was in his 60s. So the other half of you asked this
young man about a secret.
And he said this is always right.
He always says something that is very, very
insightful. So a lot of times
is leaving?
Yeah. Where do you even have that there is a there's a, there's a
book of Tafseer that's ascribed.
It's called to your boss. But many of the transmissions that are
attributed to him are weak. So we have to be very careful about
anything coming from
them, either one of them, I say it's actually from one of the
students into a jacket, or attacked
by somebody that later we have to be very careful
about anything that's that's attributed to a lot.
They really write a tough seal, it seems to early
on, we'll talk about that.
And then the fourth level is to zero the Quran by the tab hearing.
Oh, that's heavy ain't the second generation facilities.
So they must say the word above the Quran they say is in preview,
you've been here says if a tab a report something from a Sahabi it
should be given greater consideration.
If it is his own, it must be compared with other topics.
If there's a sort of consensus in each map, or to vote amongst them,
then it's given consideration.
If there's if the last four is a solitary opinion, that we should
look for other sources.
So the tabbing are given Wait, if they say I have heard from giving
up bass or even less,
or it's their opinion, but there's a sort of general consensus
amongst a taboo, that this is what the IMF is. It's isolated
opinions. He says be careful is opinion of hidden field.
Now with respect to the tabular mean, there are three groups of
them.
The Meccan, the Medina and Rafi
and the Alumni Center back here
are the best because the pioneer of the second tab again, the black
and X School of exegesis, the Meccan School of Quranic exegesis,
the founder has Applied Maths.
In this students, as we said, our Mujahid site, you'll find that in
hiding, and including Mujaddid, or Tad, or Akena, or APA, there's
four main students
would Yeah, I thought it could have a chapter, which I had
studied the entire Quran, giving a bass three times.
For the medina in school,
Pioneer he has begun to cow who may even look up compared to the
promises that his best student was making say, even though
they live in a slum
and from the Iraqi school.
And
there's in the there's two schools in Iraq, the bus lead and the
Kufa.
A generally the founder of the Iraqi schools is Abdullah in
the best exigent in bustle outdoors in hustle and bustle, and
hustle and bustle
is also a great time to sell
And then people are in Kufa
was a student direct student
and the student of a NASA is Abu Hanifa.
So that's tough sin of Quran, everyone.
Okay? So it's either by by the form itself, that's the highest
level might assume that second highest by the sahaba. Third is
that it's happening.
Now the second
type of Tafseer
is considered the Quran. By
rigorous scholarship or sound opinion. It's also called a DARIAH
or malcode.
HD hard HD hard means
rigorous scholarship. It's related to the word jihad.
Let's aid in reflexive someone who really struggles against his own
self. It's called a Bucha. It's called a witch tag, which Ted?
So this is not mere opinion.
My opinion is this, he has no training.
Right? So this is someone who has training we'll talk about the
level of knowledge. But the basis for this is when the Prophet saw
the Valley Center. According to the Muscat, he said more added to
Java 11 were added in Java I spent the night this must be found
outside of signup
and he's certainly what he said yes, you want to assume or bash
you want to assume you to make things easy for people don't make
them difficult call call people give make people happy, given glad
tidings and don't don't drive people away from you.
And then he said judge according to the detail of God.
And then, and then he said, What if I don't find something that
is enjoyed by my son now? What if I don't find that it then then use
your intellect? Make HD ha.
So this is for what are the Bucha.
So to serve the
MSA is haram
for the laity for someone who does not have training in lumen, or is
haram to engage with tafsir and to present oneself as an authority
and effectivity whoever comments upon the Quran without requisite
knowledge, as reserved his seat in the fire.
So when it comes to tafsir, that
is either to see moon or tafsir mother moon, it's either
praiseworthy or blameworthy
praiseworthy Mahmoud or mother Moon rejected
so, so, this type of tafsir should contain what's known as ideal
meanings,
meanings
or interpretation of the text that falls within normal interpretive
parameters
right so, in Mozart Kashi said this type of Mufasa must choose
the most apparent meanings of the Arabic and not utilize vague or
obscure definitions
like as used by poets, poets use words.
Secondary or
third or fourth fifth definitions of words.
It shouldn't be obscure. So Smalley has major issues for
example, with St. MATCOM. Because he interprets
interprets Rodrigo when that strike the women he says it
doesn't mean strike. He said it means to separate from that
point to the Sunnah of the Prophet says
and say to the process, I never struck a woman in me and
he said, We points to the Sunnah, but
the aroma say this doesn't work grammatically.
So thought about taking a direct object means to strike. When
there's a preposition after then it can mean to walk away from the
Francaise either to see Savini law.
So
it doesn't quite work grammatically. Or like when Allah
subhanaw taala throws Musa Guinea
Then Asaka algebra is not saying, you know, walk away from the rock
using your stick
to strike the rock with your stick.
The point here that is what is the nature of the striking, that's the
real issue.
Right? So
this money would say that most tournaments, it doesn't do any
good to just deny the eye, the eye is there, right? Even the promises
of never get it
is still there. So how do you implement it?
When what what what circumstance? How do you do it because it could
be that there is a level of striking
out.
Or another example is the verb to love fat to WhatsApp.
The primary meaning of the word fat means I will talk to our to
seize the soul.
Right?
Put the sign on
in 22 times as used in the Quran, to mean to take the soul or cause
someone to die, except with reference to besides the meaning
is to keep one's promise. So this is something that some critics of
the Quran point out
that one of the primary definitions of loss, fat loss, the
losses that we said is the primary definition could be that I will
cease your soul will cause you to die. However, the owner will
reject this, because in another if it says or Matata, who will not
sell or who wasn't sure the other day did not kill him or crucify
him was making Piersall into them. So in order to make jump out of
this, I had to go through another primary definition of the law,
which means to keep one's promise.
It's a big topic, we're going to continue with
the way bass asked him about the striking, how do you do it?
Fast, this is a strong narration.
He took out his to stick
his walk. And he said you do this to her and
and he said this doesn't cause any pain or anything. So yeah, that's
the point. So in other words, when a man is arguing with his wife,
generally it is maybe it's not politically correct statement,
women are generally more gifted linguistically. Women don't suffer
as much as men
who are more gifted linguistic.
So a man will be losing a debate. And to compensate for that, he's
going to turn things physical.
So even that says, Make it physical, but make it this just to
cause a break to stop that sort of * down into a physical
abuse, do something physical to let off some steam.
So the point is not to cause harm, is to do something physical.
That's how you've been asked, interpreted? What do people
and if you look at that, if the pilot says, you know, first and
monitor, like, give her advice, and then you know, then talk it
out. And if that doesn't work, you know, then separate your bedroom.
Which is much harder for men and women. Men don't want to get to
that point. And then it says, Well, do we want to actively talk
things out? How's it gonna get down?
Because 99% of the time, an actual strike happens, instead of rage.
It's not like okay, we're gonna talk the severe events and okay,
you know what, honey?
It's not gonna happen.
It doesn't make any sense.
So, in other words, given the past to say, at that point, come back
and try to work it out. And then give yourself a nonverbal way of
sort of going off steam without harming her later, but obviously,
he actually commented on this verse that had to do with what
he said publicly available by ref which means without any type of
pain infliction, any type of like Mark or anything like that. All of
that is absolutely haram. You can't beat an animal
beat your wife or mother of your children
Yes.
Some states, if I wasn't the proper God, I would do this just
like regarding business.
Yeah, do you know?
Yeah, there's something like there's mentioned
Szalai literature
Yeah.
Yeah, if I wasn't, I would. Yeah, that's pretty basic. That's one of
the bases of ambassadors. It's mentioned in the Shema
or Satan will happen that Imam Abdullah said Argentina per se has
been translated are masterful 100 to two volumes
yet they put their hands in their shoulder the profits of Americans,
you wouldn't even do that.
And even if you did nothing,
the point is not to inflict harm.
But you have good on that will sue the process of setting a hadith I
fear for you something more than a fear that if you're free with that
the job
is it what does it put on that suit evil scholars, you turn on
the TV you see that on satellite? One of them said you can beat your
wife you can do whatever you want to your wife does not break any
bones. So somebody called in and said can I skin or alive is it
yeah
yeah. So
he will stop.
Where you get a break anybody really getting
into the shower, I'm going to shape up.
But people you know, nowadays people want attention and things
like that, if you can be controversial, but you know, the
same as by any means necessary.
So you have all these right now, what's trending is you know, being
sort of a hardcore, old right activist and speaker
saying things that are borderline racist. These people that world
famous now, riots in universities
are these people even sincere?
Okay, so, again, with tafsir Pillai, we said it's either
acceptable or it's rejected. So to see that's accepted is someone who
is proficient in classical sciences. So someone who studies
Shetty out an update in blah blah language. Others of us who is
masters see right in Hadith establish monsoon jobs report on
NASA in the product 30 to 50 disciplines, he has Ejaz that or
she has to have a teaching licenses in order to give a your
own opinion about it.
To simpler right.
And even then, to give your own opinion, it has to fall within
linguistic parameters of the word that you're you can't find some
deep, deep, dark, crazy definition of that word that nobody's ever
heard of.
So near opinion without knowledge is rejected. Or to go against the
HMM for example, somebody certainly has all of these
disciplines it says in the Quran, it says whichever way you return
the finally counselors of God, you could pray any direction and you
come up. That's fine. So this would be rejected, even though the
scholar as each LSAT is going against clear Hmm. consensus of
all scholars, there's no even minority opinion that says, face a
different tibula I'm not talking about direction like Northwest
What's the quickest way? I know I'm facing something else other
than that, if somebody says oh, the parameters face Jerusalem,
this is rejected. This person needs to make Toba it doesn't
matter have a teaching license is it
okay
sometimes these profit Gates was this false prophet and Rashad
Khalifa
in Nickelodeon, good settings, oh, that's me. You are from the
messengers. He's talking about me. And he started making
commentaries.
So why is this type of Tafseer important debate because it makes
the Quran relevant for a specific audience of believers.
So these are called hermeneutics, hermeneutics needs to interpret
the Quran through a certain lens.
Right? The Bible does this all the time you go to the Bible
bookstore, the Bible for uncle's the Bible for military men and for
veterans.
So, so the Tafseer is catered towards a certain reader,
the Bible for teenagers
and nowadays, you know, we should have to assume the
need to seal the Quran that highlights human rights.
or environmentalism, gender roles, or race. Or we should have a, you
know, post 911 American reading of the neck and Sue are
always saying here in the Meccan period of the profits of Muslims
in America is analogous to the Meccan period. So then what do we
do with these maciza?
Read the translation, but how do we apply them to our context?
That's why Cassia the writing is important.
So it's not just oh, this is the Hadith, you know, the tradition
really well. You have to know that. But what do you do with the
tradition now?
How do you make the Quran relevant to your specific circumstance?
is badly needed?
Any questions from the sister side?
Some issues that was a little controversial.
Form a common I don't know if you've clarified for me, I heard
that. Like the first woman, Muslim who translated the Quran,
translated the law, but as well as to go away. I don't know if you
know this. But I was just wondering.
I mean, Amina will do.
She just rejects that. In her book, she just she said, I say no
to this verse. I don't know what that means.
I don't know if that's what you're referring to. But Jonathan Brown,
in his book misquoting Mohammed, he actually mentioned that there
is an opinion that, because that's what the prophet apparently did.
His wives would have conspired against him. You know, there was
competition, healthy competition.
So he put, you know, upset him. So he never struck that he separated
from them, according to the zero. That's why all morning and he saw
the process of sitting by himself. And he said, Did you get more
sleep life? He said, No. So what are you doing here? You know, just
taking some time off.
So that's sort of the MSA that
this is zero because the Prophet is full of
his entire essence is the follow up. So he applied these ayat
somehow. So how do we apply this if I separate from his wife, but
we're talking to linguistic standpoint, it doesn't quite work.
Right?
Paradise lies in the feet of the mother. If you can break it down.
What does it mean?
Yeah,
just like making it possible is possible. So
you sort of have to twist the Arabic a little bit. It could
work.
This is married marriage counseling and lesbian counseling.
It works in this type of shape. Yeah.
I think they started
so today, inshallah we're going to
finish to seal
exegesis. And then next week,
we'll do some miscellaneous topics, and then have a q&a
session if you have time for a q&a session. Now as well, if at any
time during the class, you have a question you can ask it. You don't
have to wait till after something.
So you can ask any question doesn't mean you're gonna get an
answer.
So
I don't know it was an answer.
That was a man who lived in Morocco.
During the timeless
Imam Malik cumulonimbus is the Imam of Masjid. Nabawi. As you
know,
he walked from Morocco to Medina.
Medina
and he asked Imam Malik 36 questions and to 32 of them,
informatics. Allahu Allah.
I don't know, Allah knows best. But he also happy that he might
not have the answer for this question.
So last time, we said that
when it comes to tests, here are two main approaches or methods to
test see you.
One approach is called technically, which is analytical
to exegesis is to
interpret the Quran
verse by verse in order
to see that it is that there's Tafseer unknowability
or thematic exegesis or emphasis or look at a certain theme and
pull out those ideas from Apollyon calm
upon them, we said the MUFA city and the excelligence who
undertake these methods have three types of tafseer that they use and
these types are still rewire
alright also COVID
FC by transmission, we said there was four levels of that.
And then we said to Silva and Rocky, also called the DARIAH
tafsir by
qualified opinion
and until sealability Shara indication.
So last time we began talking about traceability WIAA.
We said that consumed by transmission has four levels.
There's to see it on with Quran
and then to seal of Quran by the Sunnah.
Then to see the Quran, by the Sahaba
that acetyl Quran by the tadier Eight followers.
And then I believe we began talking about to see the Latin as
well. Is that right? Yeah, by reason, a rigorous scholarship,
like he had, right. And we said here, there's two types of
Tafseer. Also, there's test sia machmood. And to see mother moon,
there's accepted tafsir. And there's rejected to see it. So I'm
so excited when it comes to Tafseer. Mahmoud,
that the exigent must be proficient in various disciplines
or sciences. Right. So it's not just someone says, you know,
I studied a little bit of Arabic. And I think this ion needs this.
Right? Again, this doesn't negate this idea that the phoron has a
personal meaning for us. We've talked about that as well, that a
lot of people convert to Islam because they'll read an eye to
translation and it will change their life.
We're talking about someone who's presenting themselves as an
authority and is saying that this is what the I have meetings in my
opinion. So one must have a nova right? They must be a master of
Arabic.
In 14 times in the Quran, Allah subhana wa Dymock qualifies. The
noun Quran was Otto vegan Autobahn in Arabi rpm. This is an Arabic
Quran. It's Arabic. So my teachers, they would say when they
would quote the photon in another language, Sheikh Muhammad Ali
Appleby, may Allah preserve him, but he would quote, quote the
Quran in English, you would say some of the meanings may suggest
the following.
Right? Some of the meanings, right? The the meanings may
suggest the following, and then it'll say, a reversal of the idea
in English.
But the Quran is an Arabic and German MSA
commenting on sort of Bacara that
woman home with me when Elijah and I'm gonna kita in a family,
that from them are some that are illiterate, who don't know the key
tab, even assets. The key tab here is the total
except their own sort of vein interpretations. If an ambassador
is exegesis says that the reason why many of the money is Saudi
account to go astray, is simple. It's the loss of Nova the loss of
their language. Go back 100 years from now, most Catholics knew some
Latin, it was required. They would pray in Latin. Every Catholic,
knew some Latin. They would teach it in school, Greek and Latin.
But that's no longer the case. I've even met Christian pastors.
These are people who run churches who don't know any Greek or Latin.
They actually called me to go and teach a section of Greek to their
congregation.
So that's a good idea, but then they always change their mind at
the last second, you might proselytize or something, make
some Dawa, you know, undercover dowel.
So, you know, you have to know you have to know other fic you'd have
to know the C row of the prophets of the Nagisa them. You have to
know Hadith. You have to know a spotless resume. We talked about
this, right? You'd have to know the nuts, the science of
abrogation and the extent of that and the different opinions
regarding that. So all these things went out
to know in order to have it tested much better.
And then we said there's Tafseer method room which is blameworthy
which is rejected. This is someone who gives their mere opinion goes
against the itch map doesn't have
requisite knowledge.
So Sahaba in the tabby are on we're very conscious cautious
about suitable writing a very cautious, sedated animal. So you
asked him questions about halal and haram he would answer readily,
but when he would, they would ask him questions about Tafseer. He
was silent as if he didn't hear.
And then we have to see a bit of a shadow or by indication.
So here are the interpretation is beyond the outward meanings of the
Quran. And these occurred to a heart which Allah Subhan Allah
Allah has opened. And this is Allah's prerogative, Allah Subhana
Allah to Allah can give secrets are sought to remember He wills.
This is something that Allah subhanho wa Taala does.
So when it comes to this type of exegesis, sometimes as we said,
what are the meanings or definitions of tetley's mystical
exegesis. And when we talked about the different opinions, the
difference between Tafseer and
so one of the differences when they were in our minds a Tafseer
is an interpretation of the outward meanings of the Quran. And
CEGUI was the interpretations of the inward meetings of the
CIO more conservative or NAMA, they don't necessarily will engage
in this type of to see it, but is very prevalent type of deceit
amongst the Shia or more mystically inclined, and
Christians when it comes to the Bible.
So we're Christians, almost everything of the Old Testament is
some sort of indication he shot off of a silencer.
And I think they might go a little overboard.
There are certainly places in the Old Testament or the turnoff that
do the do not fit the description of the east side of the salon, but
rather for the description of the Prophet Mohammad, sort of
obviously,
if they were to entertain that type of interpretation, many of
them do not, and they don't know much about him. So that's where we
sort of come in and try to educate people about that.
So to give you an example, and there are obviously so many
Exeter's in Antiva and others among the Zadie Salah to study
in Arabi who do engage in this genre, which is really
extraordinary what they say.
Give me an example of this. We talked about this last time, as
Musashi said are being told by Allah subhanaw taala to Island, we
flatten our lake, remove your two sandals. Right? And we said that,
you know, there's a lot hidy meaning here, there's an explicit
reasoning, which is that he rebooted assembled, and no one is
doubting that. Right. So remember, Sally and his monitor
is sort of autobiography, if you will. He says that he studied with
a with different groups of people, one of them he calls the Eastern
terrorists thus, the East Oh, terrorists is the ball Taenia
right into the Balkan area where those and it seems to be a a
sector of the shop, maybe the smart elites, who rejected that
the Quran has outward meanings, everything is inward.
So he rejected the opinions.
But you also have a
method called the Vani, the demise, the inward meetings, that
only takes the outward meetings. So it almost always was very
clearly knew what on my bottom. Remember that for the issue
scattered Anwar. They each have lights for enhanced and outward or
explicit exoteric meaning as well as an inward esoteric meaning.
And both of them should be accepted. So remember, this ally,
he uses the example in the Hadith landholder melodica, to return
three Surah
like hope
that the angels do not enter a house that has a picture or a dog.
Right?
And he says, Well, what does that mean on its face? It means that
there's a dog in the house with exactly what it says in the
document. Right. So we,
we accept the outward meaning. But then he says there are other
people who reject the outward meaning and say, oh, it just means
don't bring dogs like qualities into the house. It says both are
correct.
Don't bring dog delight qualities. If you're a human being right.
Don't bring those qualities to your home.
You
And
interesting also is
something that is attributed to a costume of Junaid, one of the
great articulators of two solos in the fourth century about Ladakh
last time with Anna when he speaks to Musa days at the burning bush,
he says in the analog in any other book, so he repeats the pronoun
Anna
and I am I am God evening and Allah.
I am I am God.
So, it's interesting, why?
Why? Why the duplication of the ANA
and emoji made? Notice that this is also true in the Torah
that Luzon is the Exodus when he's the burning bush.
God tells them they hate Asha ADA Hebrew I am who I am, I am who I
am, I am duplicated again. So, Junaid says that the reason for
this is to stress the core attributes of Allah that Allah is
the only one who can truly say I am
weak because a lot is pure being
that he's non contingent is existence does not depend on
anything else. Whereas our existence is completely dependent
on him. And this is one of the meanings of Summit alone summit
hoodoo shaman gadget really well who are they actually we are
shading, everything is it needed him while he is in need of
nothing.
Right. So would you do this is a core attribute, we study theology,
actually a theology of mercury theology, Allah subhanaw taala has
20 attributes that are considered Lodgy that the core attribute is
would you would existence
exists so this is the according to Moloch Junaid and others. This is
what Allah subhanaw taala is stressing to Lusardi center that
the one who is the necessary existence is speaking with you
allows existence is necessary.
Although while there's there's, as I said, there's she out on the
map, really interesting things to say as well.
The monks had a temporary visa,
he looks at a passage from sort of siofok
Chapter 37 Respond oh six, this is when he bought him it so now is
ordered to sacrifice his son. Right.
And then he stops him. And he says in the hi that would have been
that would have been
as first 106 literally this is a clap. This is a trial and
tribulation.
And then the moment till the temporary. He says, you know count
10 I add from there you get to verse 115. One that Jay not will
not we'll call him a homeland, you know, the Caribbean or the
that we save the Musa and his brother from a great disaster.
So you might want to have a temporary he's saying here that
the son of Ibrahim is money
is a typology of Imam Hussain. And it is
right that he's in the other team. You know, he's a great sacrifice
of being. And he mentioned sweetie equals sweetie. And he's asleep.
It says he's great because this Ram was brought by Jibreel at a
sauna. And Imam teletovic agrees isn't Yes, that's true. But
there's a different meaning here there's a deeper meaning. There's
a type of logical meaning. So an intent we've had mystical exegesis
would have this term typology. A typology is something that happens
in the past, but it's really foreshadowing a future event.
Something to happen in the future. Right.
For example, methadone antibiotic, a Methodist affinity for the
province on a lot of services suddenly heading South Hadley. He
says that the Ark of Noah is a typology of the active date, his
family, at the end of time. MANDARAKE might have forgotten
their job. So whoever embarks on it is saved woman developer,
whoever does not is destroyed.
That's not necessarily a flood of water that's going to encapsulate
the world but a flood of no sin. And you know, that,
you know, these types of cool for these types before these types of
things, so attach yourself to, indeed, at the end of the time,
drowned in the center of California.
Right, so this example of a typology. So anyway, you must have
whatever it says
On the 10th of Muharram, you know, you have Imam Hussain being
martyred to kind of buy that
are in the hands of Bella we will be 10 verses later. We're not Gina
Huma will call them Oh, let me let me be the quarterback that
appoints a very interesting type of and then he's the calf Hi
inside.
And he says I love Adam. But he
conjectures says calf is
just kind of by that
Yazeed kind of high death high
heels. I think he says Chris ain Arthur Chu, who is thirst saw that
Cisco is his sincerity, although they always say
and then obey them love each other out off the chart on your iPhone
app. Couldn't that this VC model so soon as an hour off i 46.
We're told that between heaven and * does it work. There's a
boundary and it's called an hour off.
And on top of this boundary are men Yachty for that we know
everyone by their markings.
So the sort of standard exegesis is that there
that there are people that
are between two prophetic dispensations. So they weren't
reached by a sound prophetic summons to sort of in this
purgatorial if you will state, but eventually they'll go to gender.
And also God says these are people who have equal deeds, good and
evil. So we have to wait to the very end of the judgment and then
eventually to go to the admin. With Allah's mercy, everyone goes
by Allah's mercy
that she ought to have interesting interpretation. They say these are
the imams in the 12 Imams because I care for our offers related to
modify
and satin to study a Muslim a Sunni exegete he also says these
are people of mattify
so that's the more subtle meaning of Regina and out of the people
that are on the heights
Jafar I saw that he said he's a human
dimension as he said every verse of the Quran has four levels of
meaning
and it's
what are the
EES a different terms that could be using different different terms
for
at least terms that we gave in class
so he said so remember EAS are either that's how I remember that
acronym. Expressions illusions subtleties and realities.
So dissolve right expression for the laity the
illusions he shouted out for the aroma laptop if subtleties for
also wearing a map and also our the
and and the prophets and how our
realities that are known by a lot of panel data and isms opinion
from from these levels of exegesis
okay
and
if you look at Surah
Toba 123
Yeah, you have the the cop car team livina Luna Camila kuffaar
Alright so this is revealed in wartime situation are you believe
fight those who are around you from the unbelievers you mama
Lucy, we'll talk about his tafsir is an interesting topic we'll have
this
so he doesn't reject the apparent meaning.
But the way that he interprets this is RTO nuts in the antennae,
Linson,
killed or slay the lower self, where it truly encompasses the
human being?
Right.
So, well, Islam doesn't have a Magisterium. The Catholics believe
that whatever comes out of the Vatican is infallible.
So let's call the magisterium. It's
The teaching authority. We don't have that. But we do have a strong
emphasis on Digimap and the Quran, the honor of scholars.
So one can make the argument there's no clergy in Islam, but
it's not necessarily accurate.
The Earned amount or are there other mentioned by the province,
as being what
was important to have a strong connection to or
another source of Tafseer, which is generally deemed as unreliable,
is called Israel yet
or Judaica, sometimes called.
Or you can call them, you know, sources of academic keytab. So
like the Bible, for example, Israelite tradition, so the Bible
Old, the New Testaments, the Talmud, right, so these were us
very little about the sahaba. Much more about the tabby eight,
generally coming from a What have even went up there, and the cap
Akbar,
and use even more by the font if
the moment somebody makes use of them, as well. You don't want to
use it on occasion,
we'll quote something from the Bible, and one of his books, so he
tablet and the book of knowledge, the first book of the
he will say he's talking about benefits of knowledge, those who
apply their knowledge, those who don't apply their knowledge. And
then he says, just as the witness of Jesus, whoever does, what they
say, shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.
And that's not based on a hadith, no love, certainly nothing in the
Quran. But that's the Matthew chapter five, quoting something or
these paraphrasing something
from the Bible. So talking about
when to do that, generally, they're going to say it's
permissible to quote something from
Israelite tradition,
for the purposes of edification, or advice,
but use with great caution.
And the use the Hadith had before anybody struggling with a
heritage, relate the stories of the children of Israel.
And there's nothing wrong with doing that. But even cathedra, he
divides the Israelite tradition into three groups, Israeli ad had
been fairly divided into three groups.
The first group, he says, those known to be true, because,
at least in their meanings, are
those known to be true in their meanings, because of the
revelation of the prophets of the mighty Sedna confirms them.
Right? So
you read something like Deuteronomy six, four, Hear, O
Israel, the LORD our God, the Lord is one. And the word for one in
the Hebrew is the heart.
And it's exactly the same word, as I had, in this verses actually
quoted by the size of Mark, chapter 1229. Heroes are the Lord
our God.
And then also, you know, major components of the story of use of
it Sudan, of Mousavi, Sudan with new hobbies, are identical with
the
the telling of those stories in the total. So we can confirm those
at least in their meanings. Right? The second class, he says, those
known to be false, because the revelation of the province of the
body so then rejects them.
So if you read something in Israelite tradition, where a
certain prophet is committing a sin, a major sin?
And certainly we should, we must reject that narrative.
Even the Bible itself, at times will give a different version of
the same story where these things are left off. There's two versions
of the story of David and Solomon. One is totally First and Second
Kings are all of these horrendous things are attributed to David and
Solomon, really combative types of things. And then another author
telling the same stories, the chronicler First and Second
Chronicles a little bit later, doesn't mention any of those
incidents where these prophets are committing sin.
So it seems even within the biblical tradition, there's a
difference of opinion about the nature of attributing sins at
least these two persons David and Solomon.
And then even get here says, Last Israelite tradition, those not
known to be true or false.
So here that has led to some people hot water to kill people.
So don't affirm or deny a level.
For example, we're told in the Quran that he saw a tsunami even
in that it raised the debt. Well over here Mota if nila, but we're
not given details like Who was it? When was it? Was this in Galilee?
Was it a Jerusalem? When what When did this happen? No such details
given in the Quran, no such details given an authentic hadith.
As far as I know, he read in the New Testament, however Jesus peace
be upon him, was in a place called Bethany outside of Jerusalem. And
they took him to a
subtle occur. And it was a matter of Lazarus was actually one of his
friends. And He raised Him from the dead. So Allahu Allah, whether
these details are true or not, we cannot confirm or deny. It could
be true. It doesn't negate the Quran. You know, it's not
problematic from an appeal standpoint.
But we can affirm or deny or like you know, we're told that hadith
yesterday, so that was martyred.
Right? We don't know much details about that. We have this full
narrative, but Matthew, Mark and Luke, about how he criticized
the marriage of Herod Antipas, who was sort of the puppet king of
Judea at the time that he was imprisoned. Eventually he was
decapitated his head was set on a plate
and the throne to His disciples were outside below it. We don't
know the details of that.
Now, what's interesting is the amount of the Quran
they give us some guidance as to how to deal with the is this
already yet?
So this is mentioned by with mani and his text, he uses the example
of sorts of calf is number 2218 22.
Right so here we have a story that's found in Christian
tradition, right? Sleepers of Ephesus,
sometimes called the seventh Sleepers of Ephesus.
A last final with Adam says in meeting some of the meanings may
suggest in this idea. They say there were three of them. And the
fourth was their dog.
They say there were five of them, and the sixth door, their dog,
conjecturing about the unseen, conjecturing about the unseen.
They say there were seven of them. And the eighth was their dog. Say
my lord knows best. They're number
None knows them except a few. So do not argue about them.
They're gonna say this is this is our method when dealing with the
Israeli yet. So if you look at this,
number one,
we learn from this that describing these traditions is permissible.
Because Allah subhanaw taala describes what they're saying.
Right? He does that in the eye. This is what they're saying at the
top. Some of them are saying there were three in the fourth of their
dogs and some five in the system, the way he describes it was
permissible. And then those which have been proven false, must be
rejected.
Right? So the first two of what they're saying a law says, regimen
deal with hype. They're conjecturing about the unseen. So
it's definitely not those two, the fourth and the fifth was her dog,
the fish in the seats with their with their dog. So the lesson here
is those proven to be false must be rejected. So that's what I was
finding with the auditors. And number three, no judgment should
be made on the version which is proven, which is not proven false.
No judgment should be made on the version, which is not proven
false, because that he says, and then some say they were seventh,
and the eighth. One was their dog. This is a dominant opinion that
was that Nikita, the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus. But a lot of
them say, Well, this is the truth. He didn't say that. Right? So we
should make a judgement about it. We shouldn't be definitive on it.
Right?
And then the fourth step, insist on that the truth lies with Allah
alone, because right after that, Allah says My Lord knows best
their number.
And then finally, no unnecessary debate on this issue.
So do not argue about that.
Again, the eyes as they say, they were three and the fourth was
their dog.
They also say there were five of them and the six were their dog
conjecture
About the unseen others say there were seven of them and the eight
of them was their dog say My Lord knows that certain number no one
knows them except a few. So do not argue about that.
This is how we deal with it sorry
the mobile use
Okay.
At this point I wanted to get into some of the major tests I see that
are traditional just give you the titles a little bit so you
familiar with them?
Classical Quranic exegesis. The oldest available is because Sheila
liberal half baths with acetyl Quran who died 68 He is called a
turn we will make the VAs.
However, the aroma many on a Medallion is authenticity.
Again, with numbers, we have to be careful
about what's attributed to him.
This Tafseer contains a lot of fabricated Hadith, and many of
their intimacy. A lot of the traditions in this hadith in this
Tafseer actually come from a student to a jacket. Although
it's very ancient, obviously, there's authenticated traditions
that come from that bass, so we have to let people know my guide
is on this point.
Probably if you consider the magnum opus a masterpiece of the
early FFC it is by email a tablet at the moment somebody and he died
922
of the Common Era 22 in the body. And it's tough, serious cold
January biography to see report on jadie Rubaiyat human evolutionary
activity, also a great historian,
mamma tivity is socio contains the Sybil rewire right to see report
on with Quran Tafseer of Quran sunnah Tafseer of Quran with
Sahaba
but also contains some dishonor the hat as well. So, Israelite
tradition,
there's a 1954 printing and 15 volumes in Arabic,
probably one of the best of later to fascias, but 400 years later,
is an eighth volume of work by the Smartlipo I want to look at the
machinery. So it's just see what it's called to see and put it all
in, or sometimes just called to see it even cathedra or sometimes
just even get
used to getting confused as you know that you're talking about his
tissue. And this actually, the last one I heard was translated
into English. Right? That's what people are telling me now. It
because he has more of a discussion on the isnaad of many
reports.
He makes much use of Tafseer of the Koran with the Quran
is the summary of sorts of Imam activity. There's more emphasis on
sound reports almost a total rejection of Israelite tradition.
There was a look us up and abridgement
made of cathedra and by the mama Savuti. A Syrian scholar died in
93. As far as I know, there's no English translation. It's somewhat
tough, I see it soft, what tougher suit,
which Mati mama saguna, he really is an eclectic Tafseer eclectic,
he brought different sources into theory brought Imam mentality and
even as a machete, which we'll talk about in a minute.
And then you have the possibility to seal by qualified opinion, is
how the next six or so are qualified. Although certainly
there's also a little rewire that's in these in these tosee as
well. So the first one is called have cash chef, and a cash chef.
And the author of this Tafseer is given armor as a machete as a
machete. And he died 1144 of the Common Era. And he was actually a
more intensity. He was a rationalist. So theologically,
he's problematic from our perspective, from the perspective
of Atlas.
Some even conclude that as tafsir as mother moon that should be
rejected, because he deviates from the mainstream opinions when it
comes to his leader.
But this is more of a syntactical exegesis, there's a lot of
emphasis on the language Linguistics of the format. So he's
looking at grammars and its syntax within a Bulava rhetoric. Once in
a while he'll throw some merkezi
BP Arpita into the mix. So one has to be careful when it comes to Cat
chef, the aroma say don't start your Tafseer studies with his
book. But I would say that most people who study to see if they
never even look at this book,
so emphasis on linguistics, less unsanitary.
And then you have my fatty or the vape.
So the keys of the unseen
also known as a tissue and cobia by a great scholar of medicine,
Fleur de Arrazi, Imam Arrazi.
The Persian exegete who died 1209
The landing
Imam see what he says,
fee equal Lucia Illa, tafsir.
There's everything in this book except for Tafseer.
There's very philosophical
exegesis. So he looks at the relationship one of the things he
does is he looks at the relationship between the sewer.
It's called Manasa. That like why is this water after this? Or even
between the ayat which is now like cutting edge, you know, hold on
studies of Western Academy. Right, symmetrical structure and internal
coherence of the sources. This is something that imamo Razi was
doing way back when that now people like Raymond Farah and
Michelle typers. Carla is doing becoming famous for doing
he also has a section on rude rude, rude, rude, which
refutations so refutation of heterodox
or incorrect theologies of the Japanese, these different groups,
the market says, The rational this will just seem out the
anthropomorphise
very long Tafseer
is the fatty is 150 pages and fatty
al Fatiha 750 pages.
The third one I wanted to mention is called Anwar Alton Z. Anwar
Tenzin
DemandBase Dawie de Dawie
1286 Milady.
This is important because it's really the recension of Alka Shah.
He recently corrected Imam as the machetes Tafseer took out the
the sort of mark Tesla
material
and added additional material to counterbalance the cast shelf.
So, you know this The sooner you
one of my teachers said, he said he might want machetes because
shot
just has a sort of, there's a there's a soft spot in our hearts
where it is such an incredible work, we just don't want to throw
it together completely. We want to take from the linguistical aspect
of it and sort of downplay the problematic aspects of his of his
theology.
Number four Oh mentioned his little friend Manny Rouhani.
This is by Imam Lucy and Lucy from
Imam Al Haddad see more contemporary died 1854 Milady.
And here you have an emphasis on Senad. He incorporates a lot of
mystical exegesis, a deep discussion of grammar, rhetoric,
Arpita astronomy, philosophy, mysticism.
We've heard about it.
And then the fifth one I mentioned is called Test suit. I'm Jenna
lane.
And this is been translated into English. So very short. It's kind
of a handbook. Some have characterized it as a handbook of
tests.
And it's called JELA lane because the authors are two men named
gelato.
Gelato Dima mahadi, gelato de Masotti.
So to see that the two jobs
so he was he died 1505. So the 16th century,
the body, the body
and has been translated.
You can also find this online. An online source that I recommend is
called additive co.com. And usually, you know, you have to be
very, very careful about dot coms for reliable knowledge. But this
is a good website. I've seen my teachers use it and asked my
teachers about this website. And they said that it's reliable. So
you
You have the entire Pepsi you
have a monster up in English on this [email protected] all one
word
so you only one sudo su T
and then there's a couple more in English I think even a basket
again you have to be careful with that
also translated
you have and then an Arabic you have all of these classical Arabic
all in Arabic.
So if you can access the primary Arabic sources I
very much encourage you recommend
to see the.com
And then number six on one dimension is called the Jami the
Quran
or sometimes called tipsy and of course will be imam or to be
who's an Andalusi scholar he died 671 kg. I don't have the body date
for that.
When would that be?
1400 or so. So his
his test is focused on ship, kind of Midori focusing on the cabin.
Okay.
As far as contemporary associates, the last point we'll make before
tonight
there's a beautiful test in English called the army from
the army for the poor. And I haven't seen it here. I saw them.
So
whiskey Mohammad Shafi
and it's an eclectic test. So modern data, they tend to be
collected, meaning they're taking from different classical sources.
And then they're also giving some commentary as to how to make it
relevant to our lives.
So that's what he does. He addresses some contemporary issues
is tafsir is really a combination of biannual Quran, biannual Quran
which is by scholar named Ananda Ashraf Ali fenoli.
And also to HeMan Poron of Hema Quran by moldability which was
written in order to do
so you have the August article, the Quran, you have the study
Quran
in English, I don't know if you're familiar with that it came up
maybe two years ago, the study Quran
I wouldn't use this with with caution.
It's really a monumental achievement, took them 10 years
to finish the work.
It's basically the very eclectic
compilation of tafseer from Sunni, Sufi and jihad, rationalism,
artisan traditions. But I would say it's a study of Quran. So
there's something called the Study Bible, which is a study by
Christians and college. Right. So I would not recommend the study
fought on to lay Muslims, or just like non Muslims, when converts
this obviously read the study Quran.
Because a lot of people don't understand that many, many ayat
can be interpreted in different ways. And there are differences of
opinion between the ornament. So a lot of people don't don't really
process that very well, I can, scholars have two different
opinions about the same item.
What does it mean? Nobody knows what it means.
Or the read something that just you know, is from a Ashiana
source. And they don't know it, because they don't know how to
interpret the sources. So they'll deal with that. And it'll be
problematic
to their athlete or potentially problematic. And then also, the
editors of the study put on our perennial list,
which is a modern philosophy that believes that,
that basically all religions are correct. Right, that Poron doesn't
necessarily
criticize Trinitarian Christianity.
So they have very strange ways of interpreting, while as according
to talking about the Trinity, is talking about people who worship
three gods, right, or you know, like kufan or Lilina. Call him
Allah. When we see her nobody is dead, and of those who have
blasphemed who say that God is the Messiah. And then one of their
editors will say,
the Christians aren't saying that. They're not saying God has
Messiah, they're saying the Messiah
He's got
to live what it
is that we really think it's talking about. So it's a very
strange, so it's, you know, problematic at times I would be
careful
it's a perennial this term and
some have gone so far as to call it, you'd kind of a Trojan horse,
something that you kind of bring in to your community and sort of
slowly attack Cebu. But like I said, it's meant for, you know,
college level students. That's why it's called a study abroad. So,
you know, my I teach the text is anything because the students that
I'm teaching are college students, and
they have background knowledge and they and their firm in their
Arpita. We go through the different sources that are quoted
in the study Quran, we talk about the differences so they know how
to navigate the study. If one doesn't know how to navigate, it's
dangerous. It's like going into books of Hadith, pouring and
disabled it.
Just because you're Muslim and can read a little bit of Arabic,
you're going to make major errors in interpreting Hadith because you
don't know how to navigate even though we think we do we really
don't
so that's, that's all I wanted to say trauma for tonight.
Oh,
the light is so late. We started late.
So next weekend shows us our next our final class and we'll talk
about some other miscellaneous type things like translation of
the Quran. What's the best way to translate the Quran, you can
translate
history of boronic translation history of non Muslim interaction
with the Quran a little bit of that we're looking at Jasmine
Quran, the miraculous nature of the Quran Quran and modern science
we'll look at the tag de the challenge of the Quran to produce
a surah like it very important to understand the nature of the tacky
some of those
today I want to finish by
talking about a translation
jobs that are put off the verticals of a little bit. And
then the
the challenge of the
probably be a good amount of time for q&a.
So translation and Arabic is called Kojima come
and translations are inadequate, but they're necessary.
As I said last week, one of my teachers taught me to say whenever
you quote the Quran in the language other than the original
Arabic, you would say some of the meanings may suggest because Quran
and RB Quran is an Arabic
and there is a big difference between
words chosen by Allah
last time was that basically means that he has nothing like Allah
whatever word like a lot is not like that. Right? Please believe
video he will Hollyford
is completely dissimilar to his creation. So Allah doesn't speak
any language, but he chose a language and he chose words for
this language to convey create internal meanings of the Quran.
So it's very important for us
to study this language.
Learn different computer languages. for dunya. We should
learn some Arabic for putting
up and it has some people stop their answers.
Right, so we should continue
working
so
learn some Arabic. There's an old Italian axiom, its transit. It's
alliterated in Italian, but it's also a little alliterated English.
So it still works. The translator is a trader. So friendly traders
are the same. The translator is a trader, the tablet itself is
traveling toward a slight detour. Very similar. So in other words
all Tata Gemma is tough See, whenever you translate anything
you are interpreting it because you're choosing the words
right? So allow us to kind of look at each of those the Arabic of the
Quran.
So we should learn some Arabic
translations occurred in the time of the Prophet civilizing.
We have translations of the Quran Shan mentioned his sera, sera,
which is the better of the two compared to his heart. His heart
was slightly before that when the Sahaba some of the Sahaba may drop
Habesha to Ethiopia. And
Jennifer, people have been taught that the older brother said it, he
was the spokesperson for the arginine and he recited the Quran
in Arabic. And then it was translated into ancient Ethiopic.
Right, so the coordinate that the jazz should do, they heard an
airman easy obligate Arabic or similar Semitic languages. It's
maybe the difference between English and Spanish. So you'd be
able to catch a few words here and there. It's something of the
interpretation or translation, but it was translated into Ethiopic.
The first translation of the Quran into a European language was done,
from Arabic into Latin by Robert of Chester. His name was Robert of
Chester, this was 1143. See, this was under the patronage of a
month. And Peter the venerable was the abbot of Clooney, not George
Clooney, the Benedictine Abbot of Clooney, and Peter the venerable.
And this was during the time of the Crusades.
So Peter the venerable, he actually wrote a couple of
polemical treatises against Islam.
One was called the summary of the entire heresy of the Saracens
right now, Robert Chester when he translated the Koran 1143 He
didn't call it the Quran,
because it lacks Muhammad SUTA prophages which says, Allah,
Mohammed, the False Prophet.
That's the title he gave his translation of the Quran. So you
see that the translator is a trader
didn't even call it the Quran. So you find this with Western
orientalist, what's known as a hermeneutic of suspicion
hermeneutic of suspicion. So whenever the Prophet salallahu
Salam does something
in the Sierra,
he must have some ulterior motive for doing
so the Mary's and Aisha right, it's Oh, he was with Sanchez, or
you know, the Quran at times. Sounds like the Bible. Oh, he's a
forger. That's why
he's a pretender. So they always ascribe to him the baser motive,
but when these artists about something in the New Testament,
he's fulfilling prophecy. So you know, he's pure, innocent, he's
genuine. So when he saw this,
in the New Testament, writes a donkey into Jerusalem.
You know, he's fulfilling prophecy. Right, according to
these Orientals, of course, Jewish theologians would say that No,
Jesus is also a forger, and he's, you know, self fulfilling these
prophecies. Right?
So what it comes down to is the integrity of the Prophet.
That's what it comes down to. What do you want to take your
information from?
The Quran says, Oh, you believe when a facet, an open Senator
brings you some sort of news for Canadian. At the line of it. It's
reflexive, right? It's reflexive, meaning, something to the effect
of prove it to yourself.
Don't take the facets word for it. Prove it to yourself.
So you might find something modern science is saying. Something that
NASA says for example,
you say, Well, you know, that doesn't seem to square with what
the Quran is saying. For instance,
the Quran is the words of the Prophet.
Ultimately, the words of ALLAH SubhanA wa.
So to give precedence to the prophets of Allah,
because the integrity of the prophets of Allah.
We'll talk more about this later.
But with the Western oriental as orientalist, they're guilty of a
double standard, unbalanced methodology,
that whenever Muslims do, you know, there's a hermeneutic of
suspicion or doing it for some other motive. But when Christ did
marry something, it's called a hermeneutic of acceptance.
And the first translation into English the first translation of
the Quran into English was done from French
Not directly from Arabic.
So Arabic, French and English by a man named Alexander Ross 1649 and
the Scottish Orientalist
wrote the introduction, newly English for the satisfaction of
all that desire to look into Turkish entities.
British accent English, all that design actually started
the first translation into English from original Arabic,
original Arabic into English 1734. George sale, Sal,
Georgia sale,
also known as the Jeffersonian Quran,
in the Library of Congress, I belong to none other than Thomas
Jefferson.
The third president,
apparently has some of his notes. Apparently, he's learning Arabic.
He was not a Trinitarian.
He was a unitary, many of the founding fathers rejected the
Trinity.
They did not
agree with a
mixing of church and state. So that was sort of the vision of
America early on was to avoid what was happening in Europe,
especially England at the time. That's why they were basically
rebels from an English standpoint, or British standpoint, they're
guilty of treason. Right. So they were.
They were, they were settlers that left
Europe. So America was designed initially to be sort of the
antithesis of what was happening in Europe. So a secular society,
not a secularist society, there's a difference between the two, Dr.
Freeman Jackson, will point out
the difference between a secularist society where religion
is completely banished from any type of public discourse. It's
something you do in your house, that's where it stops and states
with secular society where one's faith can inform their decision.
And it's based on what people want to do.
So if you want to present for example, the argument that
abortion should be illegal
because
it's against Catholic morality, you can certainly present that
argument like in Congress, it probably won't be successful, if
that's your reason.
Maybe it could be
most people in Congress apparently believe in God. Right? But most
likely, that won't carry the day, you'd have to give some sort of
social repercussion to the ills of abortion.
So there is room for
religious discourse.
So that was the vision of the founding fathers. So they were
Dias, a deist Dei. S T is someone who believes in God, but does not
believe that this God necessarily interacts with creation.
So a creator god,
you know, the holy transcendent God.
You know, he's He's too nice. He's too high for any type of
involvement in human affairs.
So they take this idea of Caliphate to an extreme level, you
are charged with the responsibility of
creating justice on Earth.
Without any type of grace from above.
Any Representative Keith Ellison
was the only Muslim in Congress, he took oath
by putting his hand on the Jeffersonian foot on the actual
Thomas Jefferson, translated by Georgia sail 1734. There are major
errors in this translation. It's probably because he just didn't
know Arabic that Well, I mean, that's personal, but
there might be something else happening but in chapter 22, so
that so that will hatch verse 39. This is the first verse revealed
to the promise allottee center that gives him permission to
militarily defend the Muslim ummah.
If you read that I had Arabic all
All of the verbs are passive voice, passive,
passive money Ivan vegetable, right Udine, la Latina, ukar time
and the unknown volume.
So permission is given to those who are being fought against,
because they have been wrong. Everything's asking, permission is
given, gave permission to those who are being fought against, not
permission is given to those who go fight
and to go wrong people because they have the problem. But sale
doesn't notice the passive verbs here it makes them active. So he
says something like permission is given
to those to fight against the up or take up arms against
unbelievers or something like that. So making them very
offensive rather than passive.
So in translation theory,
there's different ways of translating what
John Dryden who was an English poet,
translation theories, he says there's there's three ways of
translating. This is the first way is called paraphrase. He call it
paraphrase modern translation theorists like Eugene Nida and
others, they'll refer to this as dynamic equivalence or a sense for
sense translation.
You know, this is the gist of what it says
right since percent this is the meeting,
he offered me
another way of translating is called meta phrase, meta phrase.
Which is also called formal equivalence. And this is more like
word for word translation.
So it uses it translation into English is more paraphrase sense
for since
we're Marmaduke pitfall is more meta phrase, word for word and the
read aloud really tend to gravitate more towards better
phrase towards a more word for word translation, but with a
commentary.
So there's pros and cons to both approaches.
The sort of downfall of a word for word translation, is that you
don't really get the intended meaning you're just getting exact
wording. What does that actually mean?
The downfall of a paraphrase is, you don't get any of the
linguistic juice, you just get the meaning but you don't get that
linguistic element, why this word relation? Or the syntax were
ordered, that's all
missed.
And then you have something called imitation, imitation is or
adaption. What would the author have said if you were alive today?
So you'll have some idiomatic expressions in
the Bible. You know, a camel through the eye of a needle, for
example, is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle
than for a rich man to enter paradise.
That's in Matthew and in the Quran, the camel through the eye
of a needle heptagon, the gentleman
mentioned at the bottom.
So what does that mean, to the automobile? You can translate that
literally.
If that's what it says, generalities on the IMF, Neil.
That's great. So that's a better phrase, to paraphrase.
sort of get the sense of a sense of that.
It's really, really hard.
Almost impossible for a rich man to go to heaven.
That's the paraphrase.
imitation. So use an analogy that people know that you that people
use today.
So something like
is easier to find a needle in a haystack
than for a rich man to enter paradox.
You get what I'm saying?
So it's possible to find deals
very, very difficult.
Okay.
Any questions on translation? Translation theory
talked about
probably the first language
translation
best translation in English.
TRANSLATION I think excellent translation.
As his name right?
Yeah is a very good translation
commas clear rays of the translation. I actually like, like
use of it, to be honest with you, because he uses classical English.
And it's not very user friendly for people who don't know English
very well, because he uses all these E's and bows and dime. It
what does that mean?
But the Quran is first half is the height of Arabic. So I think if
you want to translate something that is so incredibly high Arabic,
you have to use high English.
So even quoting the prophets of Allah,
some of the Duat people making Dawa, they quoted but how did they
put the Hadith in colloquial English, they translate the Hadith
into colloquial English. For the sake of the Shabbat, the youth,
every time that they do that I show them I sort of cringe
because that's one of the using bad grammar. That's how the youth
speak, or sort of, you know, bringing the language down to the
youth, we should try to pick them up. Take them to a higher level.
Because even if a hadith is sound in its Senate, it's absolutely
sad. But there's a grammatical error in the Hadith, it's
because the prophets of Allah use incredibly eloquent Arabic.
He didn't make grammatical errors.
Language is a dynamic
entity changes in meaning.
So, over the years, I will probably have the same sort of
thing.
So does that mean people are understanding current differently
now? Yeah, very good question.
Any language that's alive, or dead languages, we have a live
language, the language of any Sybase abandons dead? To recap,
species,
many dead languages who really Ethiopic is, well, it's still hot,
those Semitic languages are dead. Arabic is flourishing. So the
nature of a living language is a live language is that it will take
on other words, alone words, incorporate those words. Not only
that, words within the language will have new meanings. So depends
on which Arab country you go to, you might find the word that the
classical Arabic means one thing, but in the colloquial dialect, the
ledger of that Arabic country in complete something completely
different. Right? So important thing is when we studied Arabic we
studied was hot Arabic.
We study how these words were?
What was it what was intended by these words at the time of the
prophets?
Right, so we have to study something of the history of the
language.
So oftentimes, you'll have arrows read the Koran, and make major
errors in translation. Just because you know, Arabic does not
mean you can translate
any more than a college student, who's pretty smart guy, give them
a Shakespearean sonnet and say, translate this.
And also, you know, this is English, but I have no idea what
it's saying. All I know that
I get a word here and there.
But classical Arabic, some would say, is a different language.
You daddy, Jeff, like colloquial Arabic, is a different language.
And you get that with
other languages, other pre modern or ancient languages that are now
spoken.
And more colloquial sense, like Greek for example, the Greek of
the New Testament is called coin, a Greek common Greek. Very simple
three. Whereas the Greek of Plato, oh my god, I have experience with
this. And to two years of common Greek.
I thought it was pretty good at it. And then I took class in
advance Greek, average Greek, and we read the
Republic.
And it was completed, I thought was a different language,
different level.
Which is literally also
Christians believe the New Testament is the word of God. But
the eloquence of the New Testament is not on par with Plato or over
All right, so we check you guys know BJ used a quip was atheist,
used to make a joke.
It's so nice of God to give us such a remedial form of grief to
write is believable.
Yes, that's true.
That Arabic today let's
take another example of the Torah. It says the Spirit of God hovered
over the waters.
It's a Genesis. And the word therefore hovered at the time of
the composition of that verse, just meant to hover. But now that
same word in modern Hebrew, means a hoverboard.
The Spirit of God was a hoverboard. So someone who's
reading that verse in Genesis,
modern
Israeli, for example, read that there was a hoverboard at the
time, because that word the meaning of change, the same word,
meaning has changed.
Okay, the next section here is short section. Yeah, I also put up
the miracles of the Quran.
There is a linguistic aspect of this and it was a miracle. We'll
talk about that.
Some have said there's a numerical miracle of the Quran. The miracle
and miracle, we can't get too much into numerology. It's called
Gematria. Right? Article, Jeff up, I think it's called an Arabic
credible, Jeff.
This is something that Assadi warns people against getting too
deep into numbers, right?
There is a sort of
metaphysical component to numbers.
So, you know, there's, there's things about that number three,
the number nine, the number, the number 11, the number 13, the
number 33. There's some sort of
metaphysical properties, if you will, to those numbers, that
people were numerologists, who are practitioners with Gematria they
know well.
So a lot of the things that we do in those numbers is to protect
ourselves against the sort of evil counterpart.
So we do things 1133 times after every prayer
for protection protected purposes
there cheer doctor should be it Toronto.
He mentioned that
there are interesting things in the Quran with respect to numbers.
The word for man and woman is is mentioned the same amount of times
and
the word de is mentioned 365 times you go is mentioned 365 times
which is a little strange because that's the solar calendar.
Linares 354 I thought was interesting. We don't insist on
any of these all that that's
so it is
definitive. The word month has mentioned 12 times sharp
angel and demon like magnetic or melodica
dimension the same number five angel and demon
landed See, according to him are mentioned the same ratio of landed
see on Earth.
So like 7327 or something, whatever.
There's something about the number 19
figures prominently in the Quran.
This is again, you know, getting into numbers can be dangerous.
Those Egyptian scientists named Rashad Khalifa. I don't know if
you've heard of him. He founded his sort of cult pseudo Islamic
cult called the submitters who believe that he's Rasul Allah
thrity claimed to be claimed to be the final messenger of God.
He was apparently killed and it made it very mysterious person
a lot more
apparent apparently, he said that the Quran has this numerical code
about the number 19 and
his appendix he translated the Quran in English is appendices are
very strange. It's like you're reading the Manifesto of the
Unabomber or something. All these equations everywhere.
He goes 90 or 95 pages of the code
Since equals 19
A lot more I don't know, fudging the numbers are what
is interesting used to go on tour with acumen D that actually would
have been sort of tagging
in early editions of the that book. The Quran is empirical. You
gotta dedication patriots, he thanked Dr. Rashad
on one of his, on one of the, one of the events, and Khalifa stands
up and says, I have an announcement and Rasul Allah.
So,
so they stopped going on tour
after making letters,
I think,
upon it or 90 Different things like that. Yeah, but also but you
know, if you look, if you look long enough into something, you'll
find what you're looking for.
So, there's a lot of Christians who have this claim about the
Bible, that there's Bible codes and things like that. If you line
up the letters of the Bible, it'll spell like purple heart or
something. So somebody actually the easiest actually did this with
the Moby Dick.
By Melville lined up with the crossword puzzle, it was able to
find like George Bush,
September 11, that he can do this with anyone. If you look hard
enough, you'll be amazed to find, you know, these crossword puzzles,
they give the restaurants to kids, I almost always find my first
name, and every single one. It's only three letters long, but isn't
very small.
Until my God look.
You know, so?
So
there was a question. I thought, I thought I saw I
did the same thing in Bible, which Bible dominates King James?
Yeah, well, they're looking at the Greek.
So these are these are more advanced scholars. I mean,
obviously, it's done with English translation as well. And you'll
find it either one. Because if you're looking at foreigner page
texts, you eventually will find something.
Some Muslims that go into sort of scientific miracles of
like hard sciences, natural sciences,
sort of in response to new Atheism. So yeah, books by Morisco
K. What is bouquet, which is spelled B, you see a I ll E. The
Frenchman, I think is French Moroccan who was a physician, he
converted to Islam.
Or
did you
think
you want a book called to put on the Bible in modern science?
Interesting book.
Very interesting.
And you have the Archaea writing?
Deliver? He is Dr. Jeffrey Lang.
I think the danger here is that again, we should insist on
something.
Because science tends to be fickle, and change his mind every
so often. So if we take a definitive stance
on advocates, you know, globular, heliocentric cosmology
that the earth is a globe, it spins on its axis
23.4 degrees, it's going to 1000 miles an hour, even though you can
feel it, and then it's flying around the Sun at 67,000 miles an
hour, you don't feel it. And then the sun is flying around the Milky
Way,
at 500,000 miles an hour.
Well, that's what the Quran is saying.
Big Bang cosmology, there's an AI in the Koran, a Big Bang cosmology
as opposed to Fremont, the,
the Hawking particle
Lavon trade model, standard model, that if you extrapolate the
universe backwards, it comes down to a point of singularity, a
primeval atom, which exploded for no apparent reason.
Right? And then this explosion caused the cosmos.
So
the only times in history where an explosion created something that
was ordered.
Imagine blowing up a refrigerator and then having the parts
eventually form a working cell phone or something.
pretty strange.
But that's the sort of standard scientific opinion now.
Right so the organizer, some of them pointed verse 21, Chapter 21,
verse 30, I want them yada, yada Adina Kofoed Do not be unbelievers
eat, and masala to a part of the cabinet cabinet about a topic that
they
don't they see the heavens and the earth, which is a euphemism for
the cosmos, the universe was a single unit of matter,
single unit of matter. That time is like something stitched up,
about to explode
for an hour. And then we closed it aside.
We did
someone say this is talking about Big Bang cosmology.
According to this cosmology,
the universe is expanding
into infinite
infinite darkness, as it were, and it's actually accelerating. In its
speed, it's not slowing down, which is sort of counterintuitive,
because the second law of thermodynamics says that
eventually things will go through entropy and slow down.
Right, but it's expanding, increasing.
Science can explain that.
So science, you know, modern science has sort of the catch all
terms when they don't understand something.
They'll say for example, oh, that's just gravity. They say
what's gravity?
Here's an equation that nobody understands.
Except one guy sitting at the desk.
Also, how is the universe increasing and its expansion? How
is this how is the speed increasing?
What is supposed to be entropy?
So something is forcing it out?
What Park energy
is it they call it dark energy? What is dark energy we don't know
if there's something actively forcing it out
some of the aroma points of his words at that yet sort of 51 Verse
47.
But it says something to the effect that some of the meetings
may suggest
that we created
that heavens the agent with hands literally ends what does that mean
we created the somatic the agent
the agent
what does that mean?
What are your hands do?
You know somebody like
What's the expression in English?
So he says I'm all funds or does that mean?
Yeah, he doesn't have skill. I'm all thumbs. I can't even tie this
to be a good like with with skill. We created the habits with skill.
What you none of all zeroed in the wall. See, oh, what's up for masa
and we are expanders we are the expanders.
What's your expansion? What's the art policy also, of
we are expanding
a dark energy
or like Jupiter is going around the sun is called the heliocentric
model. The Helios sun is at the center.
But according to their calculations,
Jupiter is just not big enough, even though it's apparently huge.
It's still not big enough to sustain it in its orbit. It will
just fly off eventually
or should should have already flown off.
So let's keeping it in its orbit or something else keeping it
there. So the science scientific community says dark matter
is a catch all term.
So
the more popular opinion in the pre modern world
is called
It was referred to as the geocentric model
geocentrism is that the earth is stationary,
and that the heavenly bodies are revolving around the Earth.
Nowadays, if you even suggest something like that
you will be
crucified.
Not only that
there is a growing movement nowadays,
this is not just amongst Christians. This isn't a
scientific community
that the Earth is actually playing. It's a flat claim. It's
not globular, and it's stationary.
It's very popular movement now.
And there were some who I mean, there was a there was a Saudi
Arabian scholar, who I think made a critical error.
It was definitive on this point, it said the earth is definitely
flat. And I asked him, why is that? Nobody said the earth is
yeah, he said, The earth is not moving. He said it was flat. And
he said, it's also not moving. So he said, Well, you know that so
well, according to their model, if the Earth is round, and it's
spinning,
right?
If you're flying from west to east, and it takes you four hours
to get there, on the way back, since the earth is coming at you,
at 1000 miles an hour, you should get there in half the time and a
third of the time.
Not realizing that those who take the position that the earth is
rotating, believe that the atmosphere is rotating with beer.
Right, so it's gonna take you the same amount of time to get back,
because the atmosphere is being dragged along with the
terra firma or the crust of the earth, as well.
But there's some dispute this and say that,
that there's no evidence of the Earth's curvature
is very popular.
For example, people will
you know how you look up to the horizon, go to a beach or
something, and you look out, and you'll see the ocean will rise up
to your eye level.
And then it's just gotten their sky.
scientific community says that, you're actually your line of sight
has ended because there's curvature of the earth.
Right? This is what Aristotle. So Aristotle lead to geocentrism. He
believed that the Earth was at the center of the Sun, the Moon go
around the earth.
The earth is round, however, according to him,
and he said, Well, ships go out, and that they vanish from your
line of sight, because they're going over the curvature of the
earth.
Now,
nowadays are people who buy these,
these nikon p 900 camera, which is a very powerful zoom lens. And
you'll notice the ship go, and they will zoom in and the entire
ship is brought back.
Or you can calculate, according to the scientific community, what the
curvature of the earth has to be per square mile.
inches per mile squared.
So
there was a man who took a picture of the Chicago skyline
from the other end of Lake Michigan, Michigan, 60 miles away,
according to scientific community,
you shouldn't be able to see any of the skyline from 60 miles away
across the ocean, at the top of the Sears Tower, maybe because the
entire city should be behind
2200 feet of curvature, who should have curved away long,
he snapped a picture and create clear weather, the entire Chicago
skyline is visible,
ground up.
There's many people that
have different examples of this, that they cannot detect the
curvature of feet.
So they have a different model that they use,
about the photographs that you see from space. Yeah, so people don't
like these photographs. Every photograph we get is from NASA.
And NASA admits they're all composite images. This is on the
statement
that basically they're different photographs which together
you know, everything that we see
is either composite image, or CGI or cartoon
So
certainly the and then the other thing is like NASA will release a
picture of the Earth every so often, that looks completely
different. I think one of the United States is enormous. Another
one, it's really small, you'll see like, they have this sort of
animation that this is real, of the earth spinning with the clouds
don't move over, like a 10 hour period.
So you know, it's it's just, it's animated,
actual picture.
So there's a lot of distrust of NASA. Apparently, amongst this
movement, you haven't really seen the curvature with your own
office.
So their argument is that
your senses and experience suggest that the earth is motionless.
That's what your senses suggest to you.
And when you go to the beach, and we see the
flat horizon,
right, you can see twice as far this way, or that way, as you can
this way, twice as far but it's always flat, you don't see
curvature.
They say the independent researchers have send up weather
balloons 121,000 feet, three times the height three times the
altitude of a 747. And the horizon is completely flat. There's no
evidence of curvature, according to their
according to the evidence that independent researchers have
compiled.
And then some, some of the
some of the proponents of this movement, most of them are
Christian, again, not all of them. They'll say that this is what the
Bible is saying what the Quran is saying.
Actually, quote verses from the Quran.
Allah de Chardin out of the field is
the one who made for you the earth as a carpet
or bissa gone bust. Bust means
why expensive, flat? Why.
So, again,
insisting on absurd position is dangerous.
Although
a lower
it's also interesting because the moon is a very interesting thing.
So
and that you can actually do this if you want to.
What we're being told is that the light coming from the moon is
reflected sunlight, right.
Now, if you're in direct sunlight, or in the shade, which one do you
think has a higher temperature?
Direct sunlight, right? Yeah, direct sunlight, you're setting
the sun. Now let's say there's a full moon. Where do you think the
temperature is higher, and direct moonlight are in the shade
in the shade is the opposite.
So if the sunlight is bouncing off the moon, that's colder
than the moon shade isn't the same way.
So there's another theory. And this is something that
goes back hundreds and hundreds of years. Again, the geocentric model
over history was adopted.
It's just since the time of Copernicus
Galileo
Kepler, Isaac Newton.
So it doesn't seem like it seems like the the mood is admitting its
own light.
During times of erasing the full moon during the day,
you can see right through the moon, the craters of the moon are
blue because the sky behind is blue. There are people who
photograph stars through the moon. You can see a star through them
is a document us people take out their independent researchers
nowadays, they take out their nikon p 900. They can zoom in on
the moon and see stars through the moon. So the moon seems to be sort
of semi translucent, it's transparent.
It's a light upon positive mood.
It's a light in the Sun is a shadow of a Siraj in the Quran.
They know by think of a nightlight and a lamp.
nightlight has its own light but it doesn't light up the entire
room.
But the lamp turned on and everything's lit.
So it's very strange.
And
what's happening here?
Yeah, so forgive me, why can you believe in brown in the first
place? Why don't we believe? Now? Where's the proof?
That's a good question.
Someone said, there's no proof. All they have are these pictures
with their doctor,
which is interesting. But all of those two notes will have gone up
up the space station and on that disease.
Yeah, that's what that's what they say we haven't seen a picture. And
they have these images of astronauts working on a space
station with the earth in the background.
But look at the Earth, there is no satellites, which are supposed to
be 20,000 satellites, you don't see a single one, you see any
planes anywhere.
And then we saw up in one of their videos,
you'll see like bubbles come up.
Which means you're in a pool in front of a green screen.
And you can find these videos.
So
I mean,
how does water convex itself?
So the Earth is round water?
Can I do that? Can I conduct that experiment? I can certainly pour
water good container. And the water will take the shape of the
container. But I'm not talking about that. I'm talking about
pouring water out and then making it into a convex
sculpture. Without it because water always finds a level.
Where's the gravity which is keeping that's the that's the
whole
big catch all it's gravity is gravity. So how's it going? Don't
worry about its gravity. So people in Australia walking around upside
down.
Trillions of tons of water sticking to the earth upside down
because of gravity. But a bird flying over the ocean. So gravity
is so strong that holds all his water, but just weak enough for a
bird to fly over.
Or fish to fight to swim through that water.
So it's very strange to think we'll think gravity is very
fickle.
I sit on the earth and I have a big magnet in my hand and some
paper clips on the earth. Certainly the magnetic force of
the Earth is more than this magnet, my hand fly up to my hand.
Why doesn't stick to the earth? The bigger magnet
so that's sort of the catch all it's all gravity. Sir Isaac Newton
city. Sir Isaac Newton, right? I did Freemason the cult is sitting
around an apple falls on him. Oh, there's gravity when an epiphany?
No, it's nutrients is rope is called relative density.
This phone will drop because of molecules are denser than the air
with only a helium balloon, it arrives.
Defying gravity.
It's just healing helium is is not as dense as the oxygen.
That's the That's all comes raised. But that's the easy
answer. Not the sort of mysterious gravity. That's convincing water.
So
initially to something totally ridiculous notion.
But those who
make this argument, again,
are saying that there's scientific backing for it. And that the vast
majority of the opinions of human beings on history is that the
earth is geocentric. So if you look at, if you look at Polaris,
the North Star, it's always fixed.
And all the other stars going around it.
So all of our constellations have been there for 1000s of years.
Seeing stars, the perfect circle around us.
So if we're moving in 1000 miles an hour, we're also going 67,000
miles an hour. And then that is going 500,000 miles an hour to
infinite space. How is this so perfect?
Shouldn't it be chaos?
Above?
It seems like everything is going around us. That's the that's the
point. You're making everything.
Sun Moon all of the stars. It seems to be a geocentric model.
And if this is true, then immediately people say
there's something special about us. Someone designed this because
modern scientific
opinions is that we're just some backwater.
planet, our solar system, it's a corner of the Milky Way Galaxy,
just an accident that exploded. And we're from monkeys anyway. So
we're not important. So it's not that they're not God.
So the whole thing about gravity again, is if you can replicate
that can be a big pass where you can stick water to the bottom of
something.
Otherwise, it's a faith. You believe in gravity. I believe in
God.
Replicate experiment.
So if you don't believe the science, or the science is saying
about, and then if you don't, then there has to be some way out.
Certainly, whether it's right or not. The Quran says that
the sun in the reflected light
that kind of tells us right, I mean, that that's one way to, we
shouldn't be definitive. Because if we're definitive on things, and
I think it's a great wisdom that was part of my job, doesn't give
us definitive answers.
Because the scientific communities are changing their mind. Right? So
even if we believe the promise, correct, even as a little flat,
don't be flat. And then, for 2000 years, people are ridiculing
Muslims and saying, You guys are barbarians. You're crazy. It's not
flat. And then 2000 years is
most
for many, many years, it was not known that some moves.
Yeah, but doesn't it? I don't know.
What what are the Caulerpa later when the hardware chips will come
up? couldn't be further he has gone?
Yeah. Who knows? He felt that he as far as the sun and the moon are
moving. All of them are in orbit. For that he has.
Also nothing about the moon is you never see the Dark Side of the
Moon. You never see the backside. So as it's orbiting, why don't we
ever see the backside
of it
just rotates like that.
It never turns. There's no back sight. It's a light. It's
translucent.
You can't land on something like that.
But then you don't believe they landed on the moon?
Yeah.
How do you get through the Van Allen radiation belts? Even right
now, if you talk to modern scientists, they say what's the
biggest challenge with spacecraft? So we haven't we can't even get up
low Earth orbit.
We're about 200 miles from the earth and that there is massive
radiation belts. You have to figure that out. This is 50 years
after six movement
that they can't go 200 miles off the earth was 50 years ago, they
went 500,000 miles round trip six times.
You know $19 billion they fleeced from the American public. $19
billion, actually Japanese and Indian spacecraft.
Going around the moon right? According to maturity. These are
private government organizations. 550 astronauts have been in the
space 94% Or something. Freemasons secret society is a fact Buzz
Aldrin, Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, the first man on the moon
33 degree Mason.
This is the fact. And a secret society keeps secrets.
You know, Neil deGrasse Tyson.
You heard of this guy, also a Mason. He's sort of the go to guy
of the modern scientific world.
They asked him about the shape of the earth.
Because you can see Polaris from the from the southern hemisphere
hemisphere. You can see the North Star from the southern hemisphere.
So if the world is a globe, you can't see it.
You're on the bottom of the equator. How do you see Polaris?
So he said, You know what? The Earth because it's spinning. It's
like pizza dough. This is what he's actually saying. This is
there a guy? This is NASA this guy. Because it's spinning. It's
like pizza build eventually flattens out.
Right? And then oh, it's actually pear shaped. So the bottom is
actually Saturday. So this is the earth like that. So if you're
below the equator, you can see colors. So according to the
opinion of Buell deGrasse Tyson, who's their scientist, eventually
they'll be totally flat eventually.
It's like pizza dough apparently.
This one's
interesting.
Yeah, so
a lot of
there's definitely a lot of interest in this. There's a lot of
people that are when there's a big earthquake, actually, you can see
the days in the growth. So actually does happen. What behave
like a fluid?
Fluid? Yes, when doing earthquake, you actually can see the waves.
Yeah, the way
tectonic plates have shifted,
doesn't necessarily mean nothing
is wrong.
So that's the main issue is curvature. So if you're living on
a spherical Earth, let's say this is the earth, right? This is a
helicopter, and you start to rise.
As you go up, the horizon will stay low. Right? Because it's
going away from it's falling off the horizon. Right? If you're
going straight up, the horizon does not rise with you.
It stays looking down at it. So if you're 38,000 feet, you have to
look down at the horizon. Right.
But if the Earth is a plain, flat plane, and you get inside of an
airplane, that's why they call it an airplane. Airplane.
You sit on an airplane and you're in the middle row, you just turn
your head like this, there's a rifle
right there at your eyes, both sides as if you're down on the
earth.
If you get into a weather balloon and go to 121,000 feet is right in
front of you horizon.
So for many of us is the definitive proof
that it's a flat plane.
isn't
any experience for that? We never heard of some of these people,
because they're not know Samuel Robotham, right. We know Kepler,
Galileo. We've heard these other guys who conducted an experiment,
reverse six miles long. So it's something six miles long, which is
16 feet of curvature.
So maybe six miles away that standard body of water, it's six
miles away, and it's 16 feet high, you cannot see.
According to the globular model, it would have curved away from
you. But he looked at it completely through his telescope.
The whole thing was there.
Many experiments like this.
So, again, I'm not saying that
Earth is alone, I don't know.
I mean, it's a
we have to be about our business, right? But the thing is, for a lot
of people, if geocentrism is correct, we are unique and
everything's built around us. And suddenly God becomes very
important. Who did this? Who put us on a pedestal? Why did he do
it? How do we thank him for it?
Are we just monkeys
or monkeys? That's backwards. That's just that we got seven new
planets it just like Earth
I think so.
But
again, it's a lot of things that are put on embryology
you know, something that claims to you which is impossible for
someone to have knowing that from a microscope.
The Quran apparently talks about fingerprints, the called Banana
Allah will resurrect even the tips of the fingers, which is sort of
like your
identity card as it were.
The origin of all my water
people looking at
but we have to stop to do overtime. But I love to talk more
about this book.
This is what's happening right now in the world.
Hopefully, last, so, is your optimism
continue with another classroom.
Maybe relate to this or not? Maybe we can do a consumer class or just
looking at consider something like that.
For the classical lessons.
In Java, we can read some sewer from the study. What are the good
place to have a good Texas study to study with