Ahsan Hanif – Quran Tafseer – Page 149 – The Ten Commandments

Ahsan Hanif
AI: Summary ©
The importance of shvanse and avoiding offense towards parents and children is emphasized in shaping the shrouds of Islam. The holy spirit of Allah is emphasized, and individuals should follow guidance and actions in religion to fulfill promises and fulfill promises in the name of Jesus. The importance of integrity and trustworthiness is emphasized, and the need for people to study the Quran and connect with it to obtain guidance and mercy from the message is emphasized. The holy spirit of Allah is emphasized, and individuals should fulfill promises and fulfill promises in the name of Jesus.
AI: Transcript ©
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I seek refuge with Allah from Satan the

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accursed.

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In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most

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Merciful.

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Welcome to another episode of our Tafseer, page

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by page.

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Insha'Allah ta'ala today we are on

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page 149 which is in the 8th Juz,

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it is the penultimate page of Surat Al

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-An'am.

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In the previous episode we mentioned those verses

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in which Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala speaking

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about the people of Quraish.

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In which he spoke about how they would

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reject and deny the messages of Allah azawajal,

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his prophets, his messengers, the divine revelation that

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came to them.

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And how then they would ascribe lies to

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Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.

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And from those lies that they ascribe to

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Allah azawajal is they claim that their shirk

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and the shirk of their forefathers and the

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evil that they were upon was all because

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that is what Allah decreed for them.

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That is what Allah wanted from them, that

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is what Allah was pleased with for them.

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And these are lies that they ascribe to

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Allah azawajal because Allah is not pleased with

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shirk and Allah is not happy with the

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evil and the oppression that is committed.

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That people may ascribe to him subhanahu wa

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ta'ala or say that it is done

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in his name and he is free and

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far above removed from it subhanahu wa ta

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'ala.

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Allah azawajal and we went into quite a

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lot of detail concerning this issue of using

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the divine decree of Allah azawajal as a

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proof or a justification to disbelieve.

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Or for example for Muslims to disobey Allah

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subhanahu wa ta'ala and how Allah azawajal

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says that the people who do so don't

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do so based upon knowledge but rather they

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do so following their desires and based upon

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supposition and lies.

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Today we continue from verse 151 and this

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verse and the next two or three verses

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after it are verses that will bring together

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and will comprise of and encapsulate many of

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the great tenets of our religion.

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Many of the great aspects of this religion

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of Islam.

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To the extent that some of the scholars

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of tafsir from the companions and the tabi

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'een and others such as Abdullah bin Mas

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'ud r.a said that if you want

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to know the final advice of this religion

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of the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam then

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read these three verses from verse 151 onwards.

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So 151, 152 and 153 they encompass the

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whole religion in a very succinct beautiful way.

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Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala in these verses

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will speak about issues of aqeedah and issues

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of ibadah and worship and issues of character

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and dealings and interactions all in a very

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succinct and beautiful eloquent way.

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So Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says in

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verse 151 Say

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come, I will tell you what your Lord

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has really forbidden for you.

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Do not ascribe anything as a partner to

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Allah.

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Be good to your parents.

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Do not kill your children in fear of

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poverty for we will provide for you and

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for them.

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Stay well away from committing obscenities whether openly

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or in secret.

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Do not take the life that Allah has

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made sacred except by its right.

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This is what He commands you to do.

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Perhaps you will use your reason.

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Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala as we said

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this verse and the next two verses Allah

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azawajal encompasses many aspects of our religion.

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And Allah azawajal mentions issues of aqeedah and

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tawheed and belief and issues of ibadah and

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issues of interaction and character that we should

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have.

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Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala begins by saying

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that let me tell you and it is

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all done in the way of that which

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Allah azawajal has prohibited.

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So you know therefore that if Allah has

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prohibited this then therefore it is opposite to

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something which Allah azawajal has enjoined.

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Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says say to

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them come, let me tell you what your

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Lord has forbidden for you.

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So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is

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told to convey this to the people from

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his Lord subhanahu wa ta'ala.

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These are the things that Allah azawajal tells

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you to stay away from and some of

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those things that you should do.

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Number one Allah begins with the most important

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of all issues as always and that is

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the tawheed of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.

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Allah azawajal forbids you from having partners that

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you associate in worship with him.

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He forbids you from committing shirk in all

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of its forms, in all of its ways

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whether it is major shirk or minor shirk.

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Whether it is shirk in Allah's lordship that

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he is the creator, the provider, the sustainer.

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Or in Allah's worship that Allah alone should

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be the one that you make dua to,

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that you worship, that you have that divine

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type of love and fear of.

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Or whether it's the names and attributes of

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Allah azawajal that Allah alone is all knowing

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and all hearing, all merciful subhanahu wa ta

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'ala and so on and so forth.

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Any type or any way of shirk Allah

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azawajal has made it haram that you perform

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it.

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وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا And then Allah azawajal mentions as

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he does in a number of places in

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the Quran the second thing is that which

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Allah azawajal enjoins upon you.

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That after you have fulfilled the rights of

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Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala then fulfill the

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rights of the creation.

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And the greatest of those people in creation

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that have rights upon you are your parents.

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The rights of the parents that you are

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good towards them and goodness towards their means

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in action and in statement.

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Goodness towards their means in the way that

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you show them your companionship and the time

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that you spend with them and the way

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that you treat them and honor them.

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And respect them in the way that you

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address them and in the way that you

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interact with them.

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Allah azawajal has said وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا And treat

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them with goodness.

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And Allah azawajal made it a general term

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goodness so that it comprises everything that is

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good.

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In every single manner that is good.

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To the extent as we will see also

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in the Quran that even if those people,

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those parents of yours are determined to make

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you people of shirk.

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Then you don't obey them when it comes

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to the disobedience of Allah.

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When it comes to the disobedience of Allah

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azawajal.

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But you must still maintain good conduct and

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good character and etiquettes with them.

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That is the right of the parents.

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And the rights of the parents if you

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were to look throughout the Quran and the

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Sunnah of the Prophet salallahu alayhi wasalam.

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You would see that not only is being

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good to your parents from the greatest of

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acts of worship and the greatest of means

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of attaining reward.

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But it is something which the Sharia stresses

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in so many ways because of the rights

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that the parent has upon you.

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The rights of the parents are so great

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that it is one of those things as

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we know in our religion.

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In the Sharia of the Prophet salallahu alayhi

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wasalam if someone was to commit murder.

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Then you can demand the murder of that

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person.

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You can demand the death penalty for that

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person towards the murderer.

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The exception or one of the exceptions to

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that rule is the parent.

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If the parent kills the child, the parent

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cannot be put to death.

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Because the Sharia says that such is the

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position of the parent over the child.

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That doesn't mean that the parent by the

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way doesn't have to you know is let

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off without any punishment or they're not in

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prison or anything.

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Just means that the death penalty for them

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is not applied.

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And that is from the level of rights

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that the parents have been given in our

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religion.

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And so Islam speaks about the parents and

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their rights.

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And that is why the Prophet sallallahu alayhi

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wasallam in the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud

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radiyallahu anhu.

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When he was asked what is the greatest

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of deeds or most beloved of deeds to

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Allah.

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The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam as-salatu ala

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waqtiha.

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To pray at its correct time.

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That is the rights of Allah that you

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offer your prayers at the correct time.

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Fajr, Fajr, Dhuhr, Dhuhr and so on and

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so forth.

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And then he was asked from the Messenger

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of Allah what next he said?

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Bir al-walideen.

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To be good to your parents.

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Allah azzawajal then continues and he says.

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He says and do not kill your children

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in fear of poverty.

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For we will provide for you and for

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them.

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So after Allah azzawajal speaks about the rights

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of the parents.

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Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala speaks about the

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rights of the children.

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And from the greatest of those rights is

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that you look after them.

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And give them a good upbringing.

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And you spend your time preserving their rights.

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And fulfilling the rights that they have upon

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you of.

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Showing them the religion of Allah azzawajal.

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And bring them closer to Allah subhanahu wa

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ta'ala.

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And don't do as people have always done.

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But especially in amongst the Arabs.

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It was common in certain communities from amongst

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them.

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That they would kill their children.

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And they would kill them as we said

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before sometimes out of shame.

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Because they had a daughter.

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And in that society it was shameful to

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have a daughter.

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Or out of fear of poverty.

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Which would mean that sometimes they would kill

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the male child and the female child.

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And that is because they feared poverty another

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mouth to feed.

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Allah azzawajal says, نَحْنُ نَرَزُقُكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ It is

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upon Allah to provide for them and for

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you.

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Allah is Ar-Razzaq.

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And Allah azzawajal is the one who provides

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for all of his creation subhanahu wa ta

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'ala.

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As he says elsewhere in the Quran, وَمَا

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مِن دَابَّةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا عَلَى اللَّهِ رِزْقُهَا

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وَيَعْلَمُ مُسْتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعَهَا There is not a single

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creature upon earth.

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Except that Allah is the one who will

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give it its provision.

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And stay away from committing obscenities whether openly

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or in secret.

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And al-fahisha is everything which is a

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great sin.

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Everything which leads to anything obscene.

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So things like zina and things like that

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are not appropriate or befitting for the person

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to do.

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Anything which leads to that, all of these,

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whether it is hidden or secret, Allah azzawajal

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has made it haram.

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And so you can see here that Allah

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subhanahu wa ta'ala in these verses is

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speaking about the major sins.

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This verse is all to do with staying

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away from the major sins.

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So shirk is a major sin.

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Disrespecting your parents is a major sin.

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Committing murder in any way, shape or form,

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but especially the murder of those that are

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most dependent upon you, like your children, is

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from the major sins.

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Committing fawahish, committing zina and being engaged in

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other types of promiscuous activities that the sharia

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doesn't allow.

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All of these things are from the major

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sins.

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وَلَا تَقْتُرُ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ

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And from those major sins is to not

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take the life that Allah has made secret

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unless it is with the due right.

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Allah azzawajal has made for every single human

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life, has given to it a sanctity, Muslim

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or non-Muslim.

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Allah has given to all humans sanctity.

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And it is not permissible for you to

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take the life of another except by its

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due right.

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What is the due right?

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The due right is that the leader of

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the Muslims or the judge of the Muslims

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decrees that someone should be put to death

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for a reason.

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That is established in the sharia.

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That goes through the due process of law.

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That is signed off by the judge or

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by the leader of the Muslims and then

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the penalty is exacted.

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So for example, for murder in our religion

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we have the death penalty.

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For example, for adultery there is the death

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penalty.

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There are certain things that is the right

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that Allah azzawajal is referring to إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ

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Except by its right.

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Other than that, it's not permissible for you

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to go to anyone, Muslim or non-Muslim,

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even if that person happens to be the

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worst of people, a despot, a tyrant, the

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worst of people that is not permissible for

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you to go and to take his life

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by your own hands.

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It's not permissible.

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Even if he was the worst of Allah's

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creation living upon the earth.

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Because if that had been permissible, just to

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go and start doing that, then surely the

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prophets of Allah would have done that.

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Wasn't Musa with Pharaoh?

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Wasn't Pharaoh the worst of Allah's creation?

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Didn't the prophet salallahu alayhi wasalam live with

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the likes of Abu Jahl for a number

00:11:58 --> 00:11:58

of years in Mecca?

00:11:59 --> 00:12:00

Wasn't he from the worst of Allah's creation?

00:12:00 --> 00:12:02

But you don't find them doing this and

00:12:02 --> 00:12:04

taking their law, the law of Allah into

00:12:04 --> 00:12:05

their own hands.

00:12:06 --> 00:12:09

ذَٰلِكُمْ مَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ This is what

00:12:09 --> 00:12:11

he commands you to do, that perhaps you

00:12:11 --> 00:12:12

will understand or you will comprehend.

00:12:13 --> 00:12:15

And so Allah Azawajal has given to us

00:12:15 --> 00:12:16

these laws of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.

00:12:17 --> 00:12:19

Stay away from committing evil and harm.

00:12:19 --> 00:12:21

And some of them are to do with

00:12:21 --> 00:12:23

issues of Tawheed, and others are to do

00:12:23 --> 00:12:25

with issues of worship and issues of character.

00:12:26 --> 00:12:28

And when people engage in these major sins,

00:12:28 --> 00:12:31

whether it's zina, whether it's murder, whether it's

00:12:31 --> 00:12:34

disrespect and disobedience of parents, that is when

00:12:34 --> 00:12:37

the family begins to segment and fragment, and

00:12:37 --> 00:12:40

the community also begins to fragment, and you

00:12:40 --> 00:12:43

find much evil becomes prevalent within those societies.

00:12:44 --> 00:12:46

In verse 152 Allah Azawajal continues and he

00:12:46 --> 00:12:51

says, وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ

00:12:51 --> 00:12:55

أَحْسَنُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَأَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَالْمِيزَانَ

00:12:55 --> 00:13:01

بِالْقِسْطَ وَلَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا وَإِذَا قُلْتُمْ

00:13:01 --> 00:13:06

فَعْدِنُوا وَلَوْ كَانَ ذَا قُرْبًا وَبِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ أَوْفُوا

00:13:06 --> 00:13:11

ذَلِكُمْ مَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ Stay well away

00:13:11 --> 00:13:13

from the property of orphans except with the

00:13:13 --> 00:13:15

best of intentions until they come of age.

00:13:15 --> 00:13:17

Give full measure and wait according to justice.

00:13:18 --> 00:13:19

We do not burden any soul with more

00:13:19 --> 00:13:20

than it can bear.

00:13:20 --> 00:13:22

When you speak, be just even if it

00:13:22 --> 00:13:23

concerns a relative.

00:13:24 --> 00:13:26

Keep any promises you make in Allah's name.

00:13:26 --> 00:13:27

This is what He commands you to do

00:13:27 --> 00:13:28

so that you may take heed.

00:13:28 --> 00:13:33

Allah continues with these pieces of advice that

00:13:33 --> 00:13:35

Allah gives to us and He says, And

00:13:35 --> 00:13:38

stay away from the property of the orphans

00:13:38 --> 00:13:40

except with the best of intentions until they

00:13:40 --> 00:13:41

come to age.

00:13:41 --> 00:13:44

From the major worst of sins, and again

00:13:44 --> 00:13:46

this is to do with your character and

00:13:46 --> 00:13:48

your interaction and the integrity of a person

00:13:48 --> 00:13:50

and their honesty and trustworthiness from the greatest

00:13:50 --> 00:13:53

of sins is to harm and oppress those

00:13:53 --> 00:13:56

that have little power to resist or to

00:13:56 --> 00:13:56

do anything.

00:13:56 --> 00:14:01

So, the orphans, children, in some cases women,

00:14:02 --> 00:14:04

the elderly, people who are too old now

00:14:04 --> 00:14:05

to be able to defend themselves and you

00:14:05 --> 00:14:06

are responsible for them.

00:14:07 --> 00:14:09

As we see many times that people disrespect

00:14:09 --> 00:14:11

or dishonor their parents when they're in old

00:14:11 --> 00:14:13

frail age and they have very little ability

00:14:13 --> 00:14:16

or strength to oppose and withstand that.

00:14:16 --> 00:14:19

Likewise, children, orphans, Allah says, These people have

00:14:19 --> 00:14:21

rights and to take away their rights when

00:14:21 --> 00:14:24

they're at their weakest and most needy, that

00:14:24 --> 00:14:25

is from the greatest of oppression and sins.

00:14:25 --> 00:14:28

And so Allah says, Don't take away the

00:14:28 --> 00:14:30

wealth of the orphan unless it is done

00:14:30 --> 00:14:31

with the best of intentions, meaning you use

00:14:31 --> 00:14:33

that wealth to spend upon them, to look

00:14:33 --> 00:14:35

after them, or use it to invest so

00:14:35 --> 00:14:37

that that wealth won't just diminish but that

00:14:37 --> 00:14:39

it will increase year upon year in the

00:14:39 --> 00:14:41

best of ways until they themselves come to

00:14:41 --> 00:14:43

age and then you give them that which

00:14:43 --> 00:14:43

is their right.

00:14:44 --> 00:14:47

وَأَوْفُ الْكَيْلَ وَالْمِيزَانَ بِالْقِسْطِ And likewise from the

00:14:47 --> 00:14:50

major sins is that you cheat people in

00:14:50 --> 00:14:52

terms of your transactions and in terms of

00:14:52 --> 00:14:53

your business dealings.

00:14:53 --> 00:14:55

And that is why Allah says, وَأَوْفُ الْكَيْلَ

00:14:55 --> 00:14:58

وَالْمِيزَانَ Give full measure and weight, because in

00:14:58 --> 00:14:59

the olden days a lot of transactions were

00:14:59 --> 00:15:01

done by weight and volume.

00:15:01 --> 00:15:03

Someone wants to buy something, you weigh it

00:15:03 --> 00:15:04

and then you say to him that's a

00:15:04 --> 00:15:06

kilo, or that's for example a liter and

00:15:06 --> 00:15:07

then you sell it.

00:15:07 --> 00:15:10

Allah says, Do so in the best of

00:15:10 --> 00:15:11

ways with justice.

00:15:11 --> 00:15:13

Because we know for example from the past

00:15:13 --> 00:15:15

nations of the people of Shu'aib, he

00:15:15 --> 00:15:21

used to fix the measurements and they used

00:15:21 --> 00:15:22

to be oppressive in this.

00:15:22 --> 00:15:25

لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا Allah Azza wa

00:15:25 --> 00:15:27

Jal says that Allah doesn't place upon you

00:15:27 --> 00:15:28

a burden that you can't bear.

00:15:28 --> 00:15:30

Allah knows that you can only be accurate

00:15:30 --> 00:15:32

to a certain extent.

00:15:33 --> 00:15:34

So Allah Azza wa Jal isn't looking for

00:15:34 --> 00:15:38

the smallest 0.1 gram for example, or

00:15:38 --> 00:15:41

liter or milliliter or whatever it may be.

00:15:41 --> 00:15:42

Allah knows.

00:15:42 --> 00:15:44

So Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is speaking

00:15:44 --> 00:15:45

about in general terms.

00:15:45 --> 00:15:47

However, it is from the character of the

00:15:47 --> 00:15:50

Muslim, from the Iman, Taqwa, that they err

00:15:50 --> 00:15:51

on the side of caution.

00:15:51 --> 00:15:53

And so you will often find, even to

00:15:53 --> 00:15:55

today, those Muslims who have the fear of

00:15:55 --> 00:15:57

Allah Azza wa Jal, they will often give

00:15:57 --> 00:15:59

slightly more, even though you only wanted a

00:15:59 --> 00:16:01

kilo, give slightly more.

00:16:01 --> 00:16:03

And that way you are sure that even

00:16:03 --> 00:16:04

if there was something wrong with the scale,

00:16:04 --> 00:16:06

or maybe it was a working problem, you've

00:16:06 --> 00:16:07

given them more anyway.

00:16:08 --> 00:16:09

Charged at the same price though.

00:16:09 --> 00:16:11

Not like you charge them more, but you

00:16:11 --> 00:16:12

charge them at the same price, and that

00:16:12 --> 00:16:14

is from the good character of the Muslim.

00:16:15 --> 00:16:18

وَإِذَا قُلْتُمْ فَعَدِلُهُ لَوْ كَانَ ذَا قُرْبًا And

00:16:18 --> 00:16:19

be just when you speak, even if it

00:16:19 --> 00:16:20

is against a relative.

00:16:21 --> 00:16:22

And that is because the Muslim is someone

00:16:22 --> 00:16:25

who is trustworthy, and honest, and has integrity,

00:16:26 --> 00:16:28

and always fulfills the commands of Allah subhanahu

00:16:28 --> 00:16:28

wa ta'ala.

00:16:29 --> 00:16:31

وَبِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ أَوْفُوا And fulfill the promises that

00:16:31 --> 00:16:33

you make in the names of Allah Azza

00:16:33 --> 00:16:33

wa Jal.

00:16:33 --> 00:16:35

The oaths that you take in the names

00:16:35 --> 00:16:36

of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.

00:16:36 --> 00:16:39

Fulfill them because you have done so, invoking

00:16:39 --> 00:16:39

Allah's name.

00:16:40 --> 00:16:43

ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ This is what

00:16:43 --> 00:16:44

He commands you to do, so that you

00:16:44 --> 00:16:45

may take heed.

00:16:45 --> 00:16:47

And so this verse and the last verse,

00:16:47 --> 00:16:48

Allah Azza wa Jal has given to us

00:16:48 --> 00:16:51

a number of these commands.

00:16:51 --> 00:16:52

In the next verse Allah Azza wa Jal

00:16:52 --> 00:16:54

will then speak to us and give to

00:16:54 --> 00:16:57

us a more general command that then comprises

00:16:57 --> 00:16:59

of everything else in this religion.

00:17:00 --> 00:17:02

So Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says in

00:17:02 --> 00:17:09

verse 153 وَأَنَّ هَذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَلَا

00:17:09 --> 00:17:15

تَتَّبِعُوا السُّبُونَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَن سَبِيلِهِ ذَلِكُمْ مَصَّاكُمْ

00:17:15 --> 00:17:18

بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ This is my path leading

00:17:18 --> 00:17:19

straight, so follow it.

00:17:20 --> 00:17:21

And do not follow other ways that they

00:17:21 --> 00:17:22

will lead you away from it.

00:17:23 --> 00:17:24

This is what He commands you to do,

00:17:24 --> 00:17:26

so that you may have taqwa and that

00:17:26 --> 00:17:28

you may have fear and piety and consciousness

00:17:28 --> 00:17:29

of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.

00:17:30 --> 00:17:31

Allah Azza wa Jal says that this is

00:17:31 --> 00:17:33

the path that leads to Allah, the straight

00:17:33 --> 00:17:35

path, meaning the tawheed of Allah Azza wa

00:17:35 --> 00:17:37

Jal and then the commands of Allah subhanahu

00:17:37 --> 00:17:38

wa ta'ala that He has outlined to

00:17:38 --> 00:17:39

us here.

00:17:39 --> 00:17:40

This is the straight path to Allah Azza

00:17:40 --> 00:17:41

wa Jal.

00:17:41 --> 00:17:43

If you follow it, it will take you

00:17:43 --> 00:17:44

to Allah Azza wa Jal.

00:17:44 --> 00:17:46

And if you follow any other path other

00:17:46 --> 00:17:48

than this path, then it will divert you

00:17:48 --> 00:17:49

away from Allah Azza wa Jal and take

00:17:49 --> 00:17:50

you elsewhere.

00:17:50 --> 00:17:51

As the Prophet did salallahu alayhi wa sallam,

00:17:51 --> 00:17:53

as we mentioned before, when he drew the

00:17:53 --> 00:17:54

straight line and the lines to the right

00:17:54 --> 00:17:56

and the left, he said the straight line

00:17:56 --> 00:17:57

is the one that leads to Allah.

00:17:57 --> 00:17:58

It is his Sirat al-Mustaqeem.

00:17:59 --> 00:18:00

And the lines to the right and the

00:18:00 --> 00:18:01

left are paths of Shaytan.

00:18:02 --> 00:18:04

Each one has a devil that calls you

00:18:04 --> 00:18:04

to it.

00:18:04 --> 00:18:06

It takes you away from Allah subhanahu wa

00:18:06 --> 00:18:08

ta'ala and therefore ultimately to the fire.

00:18:08 --> 00:18:10

And so therefore the Sharia is about following

00:18:10 --> 00:18:13

Allah, following the Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam,

00:18:13 --> 00:18:15

obedience to Allah Azza wa Jal, worship of

00:18:15 --> 00:18:17

Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, doing the halal

00:18:17 --> 00:18:19

and fulfilling your obligations and staying away from

00:18:19 --> 00:18:21

the haram and not oppressing others.

00:18:21 --> 00:18:23

Allah Azza wa Jal then says in verse

00:18:23 --> 00:18:39

154 Once

00:18:39 --> 00:18:41

again, we gave Musa the scripture perfecting our

00:18:41 --> 00:18:44

favor for those who do good, explaining everything

00:18:44 --> 00:18:46

clearly as guidance and mercy, so that they

00:18:46 --> 00:18:48

might believe in the meeting with their Lord.

00:18:49 --> 00:18:52

Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala speaks here about

00:18:52 --> 00:18:53

the revelation that was given to Musa alayhi

00:18:53 --> 00:18:55

salatu wa salam and that is the Torah.

00:18:55 --> 00:18:57

To show that Allah Azza wa Jal, these

00:18:57 --> 00:18:59

issues that Allah mentioned to us in the

00:18:59 --> 00:19:01

previous three verses and all of the commands

00:19:01 --> 00:19:02

that Allah Azza wa Jal gave, it is

00:19:02 --> 00:19:04

not something which Allah Azza wa Jal only

00:19:04 --> 00:19:06

gave to one prophet and messenger, meaning the

00:19:06 --> 00:19:08

Prophet salallahu alayhi wa sallam, but that Allah

00:19:08 --> 00:19:09

Azza wa Jal gave to all of the

00:19:09 --> 00:19:10

prophets and messengers.

00:19:11 --> 00:19:12

Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala instructed them all

00:19:12 --> 00:19:14

to show Tawheed, to give Tawheed and to

00:19:14 --> 00:19:16

speak about truthfulness and goodness and stay away

00:19:16 --> 00:19:18

from the major sins and not harm and

00:19:18 --> 00:19:19

oppress others.

00:19:19 --> 00:19:21

And so you will find even in the

00:19:21 --> 00:19:23

original scripture that was given to Musa alayhi

00:19:23 --> 00:19:25

salam, the Torah, you will find that it

00:19:25 --> 00:19:28

is complete and that it is perfect and

00:19:28 --> 00:19:30

that it only commands that which is good

00:19:30 --> 00:19:32

and that it explains everything and it has

00:19:32 --> 00:19:33

within it guidance and mercy.

00:19:34 --> 00:19:36

And so therefore all of Allah's divine revelations,

00:19:36 --> 00:19:39

the Torah, the Injil, the Zaboor, the Psalms

00:19:39 --> 00:19:40

that were given to Dawud alayhi salam and

00:19:40 --> 00:19:42

all of the other revelations that we may

00:19:42 --> 00:19:44

not even know the name of, all of

00:19:44 --> 00:19:46

them comprise of these characteristics, that they are

00:19:46 --> 00:19:48

perfect, that they are good, that they contain

00:19:48 --> 00:19:49

guidance, that they contain mercy.

00:19:50 --> 00:19:52

However, Allah Azza wa Jal did not decree

00:19:52 --> 00:19:54

that they should be preserved for eternity.

00:19:55 --> 00:19:57

So that's why people came and they manipulated

00:19:57 --> 00:19:58

them and changed them and altered them.

00:19:59 --> 00:20:00

And that is one of the major differences

00:20:00 --> 00:20:03

between those previous scriptures and between the Quran,

00:20:03 --> 00:20:05

which is the final word of Allah subhanahu

00:20:05 --> 00:20:05

wa ta'ala.

00:20:05 --> 00:20:07

Allah has promised to preserve it.

00:20:08 --> 00:20:10

Allah Azza wa Jal therefore goes on to

00:20:10 --> 00:20:12

speak about that final revelation, the Quran in

00:20:12 --> 00:20:18

verse 155 and says وَهَذَا كِتَابٌ أَنزَلْنَاهُ مُبَارَكٌ

00:20:18 --> 00:20:22

فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَاتَّقُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ This too is a

00:20:22 --> 00:20:24

blessed scripture which we have sent down.

00:20:24 --> 00:20:26

Follow it and be conscious of your Lord

00:20:26 --> 00:20:27

so that you may receive mercy.

00:20:27 --> 00:20:29

So Allah Azza wa Jal says, And this

00:20:29 --> 00:20:31

too, meaning the Quran contains all of that

00:20:31 --> 00:20:33

which we mentioned concerning the Torah and it

00:20:33 --> 00:20:35

contains more because Allah has preserved it.

00:20:35 --> 00:20:37

And Allah Azza wa Jal has decreed that

00:20:37 --> 00:20:39

it will continue until Yawm al-Qiyamah.

00:20:39 --> 00:20:42

So follow it, meaning therefore follow this instead

00:20:42 --> 00:20:43

of that which came before it.

00:20:44 --> 00:20:45

Because what came before it has been abrogated.

00:20:46 --> 00:20:48

You don't know what is correct or incorrect,

00:20:48 --> 00:20:50

what is pure or what has been altered

00:20:50 --> 00:20:51

by people and manipulated.

00:20:51 --> 00:20:54

But the Quran, it is pristine, it is

00:20:54 --> 00:20:56

pure, it is preserved in its original form

00:20:56 --> 00:20:58

and so therefore follow it and fear Allah

00:20:58 --> 00:21:00

Azza wa Jal by following that which is

00:21:00 --> 00:21:02

in it and as a result you will

00:21:02 --> 00:21:03

receive the mercy of Allah subhanahu wa ta

00:21:03 --> 00:21:04

'ala.

00:21:05 --> 00:21:06

Allah Azza wa Jal says that because he

00:21:06 --> 00:21:08

has received or given to us the Quran,

00:21:09 --> 00:21:11

therefore there is no excuse nor justification for

00:21:11 --> 00:21:13

anyone to say that they do not know

00:21:13 --> 00:21:14

revelation or receive it.

00:21:14 --> 00:21:15

And that is what Allah Azza wa Jal

00:21:15 --> 00:21:18

says in the next two verses, speaking about

00:21:18 --> 00:21:22

this issue in verse 156 firstly, أَن تَقُونُوا

00:21:22 --> 00:21:29

إِنَّمَا أُنزِلَ الْكِتَابُ عَلَى طَائِفَتَيْنِ مِن قَبْلِنَا وَإِن

00:21:29 --> 00:21:34

كُنَّا عَن دِرَاسَتِهِمْ لَغَافِنِينَ Lest you say scriptures

00:21:34 --> 00:21:35

were only sent down to the two communities

00:21:35 --> 00:21:38

before us, we were not aware of what

00:21:38 --> 00:21:38

they studied.

00:21:39 --> 00:21:40

Meaning that you don't have an excuse anymore.

00:21:41 --> 00:21:43

You can't say that only the two communities

00:21:43 --> 00:21:45

or nations that came before us, meaning the

00:21:45 --> 00:21:47

Jews and Christians, they are the ones that

00:21:47 --> 00:21:48

had scripture, they had the Torah and the

00:21:48 --> 00:21:49

Injil.

00:21:49 --> 00:21:51

As for us, meaning the Arabs and those

00:21:51 --> 00:21:53

who came after them, we didn't have anything,

00:21:53 --> 00:21:54

oh Allah, you didn't give it to us.

00:21:54 --> 00:21:56

Allah Azza wa Jal says, lest you say,

00:21:56 --> 00:21:58

meaning you don't have an excuse because Allah

00:21:58 --> 00:21:59

gave to you the Qur'an.

00:21:59 --> 00:22:00

And the Qur'an is not only for

00:22:00 --> 00:22:02

Quraysh or the Arabs, but it is for

00:22:02 --> 00:22:04

all of humankind until Yawm al-Qiyamah.

00:22:04 --> 00:22:05

So all of us have revelation.

00:22:06 --> 00:22:07

None of us has an excuse.

00:22:08 --> 00:22:09

None of us can say on Yawm al

00:22:09 --> 00:22:11

-Qiyamah, oh Allah, we didn't live at the

00:22:11 --> 00:22:12

time of the Prophet ﷺ.

00:22:13 --> 00:22:14

So we don't know what he said.

00:22:14 --> 00:22:15

We weren't there.

00:22:15 --> 00:22:18

We don't understand what your revelation was to

00:22:18 --> 00:22:18

him.

00:22:18 --> 00:22:19

It was lost over time.

00:22:19 --> 00:22:22

But rather Allah preserved the Qur'an just

00:22:22 --> 00:22:23

as He preserved the Sunnah.

00:22:23 --> 00:22:25

And that is why from the special attributes

00:22:25 --> 00:22:27

of this nation is what we call the

00:22:27 --> 00:22:28

Isnad, the chain of narrations.

00:22:28 --> 00:22:30

In the Hadith and in the Qur'an,

00:22:30 --> 00:22:34

the Qur'an was transmitted generation to generation.

00:22:35 --> 00:22:36

Not just a few people here or there,

00:22:36 --> 00:22:38

like in Hadith we have a chain of

00:22:38 --> 00:22:40

narrators, sometimes there's only a handful of narrators

00:22:40 --> 00:22:40

here or there.

00:22:41 --> 00:22:43

And even that is acceptable and authentic in

00:22:43 --> 00:22:43

our religion.

00:22:43 --> 00:22:45

But the Qur'an was transmitted generation by

00:22:45 --> 00:22:46

generation.

00:22:46 --> 00:22:48

Like today, how many Muslims across the world

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memorize the Qur'an?

00:22:49 --> 00:22:51

Not just 10 or 20 or 100 or

00:22:51 --> 00:22:52

1,000, millions of them.

00:22:53 --> 00:22:55

So when they now narrate it or transmit

00:22:55 --> 00:22:57

it to the next generation, that's like millions

00:22:57 --> 00:23:00

narrating to millions or transmitting to millions.

00:23:00 --> 00:23:02

And likewise with the Hadith, there were people

00:23:02 --> 00:23:04

who narrated the Hadith of the Prophet ﷺ

00:23:04 --> 00:23:07

from generation to generation.

00:23:07 --> 00:23:08

So therefore we have no excuse.

00:23:09 --> 00:23:11

In the final verse that we'll take, 157,

00:23:11 --> 00:23:39

Allah ﷻ continues and says, Or

00:23:39 --> 00:23:41

lest you say, if only the scripture had

00:23:41 --> 00:23:42

been sent down to us we would have

00:23:42 --> 00:23:43

been better guided than them.

00:23:44 --> 00:23:46

Now clear evidence, guidance and mercy have come

00:23:46 --> 00:23:47

to you from your Lord.

00:23:47 --> 00:23:49

Who could be more wrong than someone who

00:23:49 --> 00:23:51

rejects Allah's revelations and turn away from them?

00:23:51 --> 00:23:53

We shall repay those who turn away with

00:23:53 --> 00:23:54

a painful punishment.

00:23:54 --> 00:23:56

Meaning Allah ﷻ has taken away from you

00:23:56 --> 00:23:57

any excuse.

00:23:57 --> 00:23:59

The Arabs used to say that Allah hasn't

00:23:59 --> 00:24:00

given to us a revelation.

00:24:00 --> 00:24:02

So Allah gave to them a revelation, the

00:24:02 --> 00:24:03

Qur'an.

00:24:03 --> 00:24:04

But obviously what they meant by that is

00:24:04 --> 00:24:06

that we want the physical book to come

00:24:06 --> 00:24:07

down to us.

00:24:07 --> 00:24:08

And that's because they didn't really want to

00:24:08 --> 00:24:09

believe.

00:24:09 --> 00:24:11

Otherwise Allah gave to them what they wanted

00:24:11 --> 00:24:11

and what they needed.

00:24:12 --> 00:24:14

But they wanted it as a matter of

00:24:14 --> 00:24:16

their own arrogance and pride to be revealed

00:24:16 --> 00:24:18

according to their demands and their whims and

00:24:18 --> 00:24:19

their desires.

00:24:19 --> 00:24:21

Because they didn't really want to believe.

00:24:21 --> 00:24:22

So Allah ﷻ is saying that you don't

00:24:22 --> 00:24:23

have an excuse.

00:24:23 --> 00:24:25

You can't come on Yawm al-Qiyam and

00:24:25 --> 00:24:26

say, Oh Allah there was no revelation.

00:24:26 --> 00:24:28

Oh Allah there was no prophet or messenger.

00:24:28 --> 00:24:29

Oh Allah we didn't know.

00:24:30 --> 00:24:32

Allah gave to you from him evidence and

00:24:32 --> 00:24:35

from him clarity and from him mercy and

00:24:35 --> 00:24:36

from him guidance subhanahu wa ta'ala.

00:24:36 --> 00:24:39

So who is more oppressive therefore than the

00:24:39 --> 00:24:42

one who rejects Allah's revelations and turns away.

00:24:43 --> 00:24:44

Who can be worse than this?

00:24:45 --> 00:24:47

After Allah has showed you the path to

00:24:47 --> 00:24:48

him, then you turn away from it.

00:24:49 --> 00:24:51

After Allah has made clear to you what

00:24:51 --> 00:24:53

is pleasing to him, you turn away from

00:24:53 --> 00:24:53

it.

00:24:53 --> 00:24:55

Allah says that such people who turn away

00:24:55 --> 00:24:58

from the signs of Allah ﷻ, Allah subhanahu

00:24:58 --> 00:25:00

wa ta'ala will repay them by giving

00:25:00 --> 00:25:01

them the worst of punishment.

00:25:01 --> 00:25:03

Just as they turned away from Allah in

00:25:03 --> 00:25:05

this dunya from his revelation and guidance and

00:25:05 --> 00:25:08

his mercy, then likewise Allah will take away

00:25:08 --> 00:25:10

from them his mercy and his blessings and

00:25:10 --> 00:25:12

reward on Yawm al-Qiyamah and they will

00:25:12 --> 00:25:13

be left to suffer in the worst of

00:25:13 --> 00:25:14

punishments.

00:25:14 --> 00:25:17

And this verse or these verses rather show

00:25:17 --> 00:25:20

to us the importance of the Quran and

00:25:20 --> 00:25:21

to study the Quran and understand the Quran

00:25:21 --> 00:25:23

and to read the Quran and to connect

00:25:23 --> 00:25:25

with the Quran because Allah is really saying

00:25:25 --> 00:25:27

that you have no excuse because the Quran

00:25:27 --> 00:25:28

is amongst you.

00:25:28 --> 00:25:29

But if you don't read the Quran or

00:25:29 --> 00:25:31

we don't read the Quran and don't study

00:25:31 --> 00:25:33

and understand the Quran, then how can we

00:25:33 --> 00:25:35

be expected to find guidance and mercy from

00:25:35 --> 00:25:35

it?

00:25:35 --> 00:25:39

But the one who strives and revolves their

00:25:39 --> 00:25:41

life around the book of Allah Azza wa

00:25:41 --> 00:25:43

Jal and dedicates themselves to the study of

00:25:43 --> 00:25:45

the book of Allah Azza wa Jal even

00:25:45 --> 00:25:47

if it takes them years and decades to

00:25:47 --> 00:25:48

do, those are the people that Allah will

00:25:48 --> 00:25:49

reward.

00:25:49 --> 00:25:50

They are the ones who will attain the

00:25:50 --> 00:25:52

mercy and guidance of Allah Azza wa Jal.

00:25:52 --> 00:25:53

May Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala make us

00:25:53 --> 00:25:54

from amongst those people.

00:25:55 --> 00:25:57

بارك الله فيكم وصلى الله على نبينا محمد

00:25:57 --> 00:26:01

وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين والسلام عليكم ورحمة الله

00:26:01 --> 00:26:02

وبركاته

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